A Method for Characterizing the Morphology of Micro-Holes in Cigarettes and Evaluating the Drilling Quality

Abstract

Provided is a method for characterizing the morphological structure of punched micropores in cigarettes and evaluating the punching quality, belonging to the technical field of cigarette quality detection. The present invention uses a graphic acquisition component to collect pictures of punched micropores in tobacco materials or cigarette filter rods, performs binarization processing on the micropore pictures, calculates the pixel values and relative positions contained in each micropore, and obtains quantitative characterization indexes such as micropore width, height, perimeter, area, roundness, and spacing by processing the pixel points of the binary image. The present invention can replace the method of visually inspecting the punching quality with a microscope and relying on the physical indexes of cigarette terminals to judge, quantify the punching quality into specific numerical values, and through the application of the punching quality evaluation method, more intuitively analyze the changes in the micropore morphology structure and punching quality caused by problems such as punching laser focusing problems and punching parameter design problems, so as to adjust the laser focusing state and optimize the punching parameters with more scientific data support, providing technical support for product maintenance and design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco materials and cigarette quality detection, and particularly relates to a method for characterizing the morphological structure of punched micropores in cigarettes and evaluating the punching quality. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the punching technology of tobacco materials has been widely used in improving cigarette quality. Among them, the ventilation technology of tipping paper punching has become an important physical way to reduce tar. The punching method of cigarette paper at the burning end of the cigarette plays an important role in stabilizing the first puff feeling of consumers and reducing the first puff draw resistance, and has been widely used in the production of medium and slender cigarette products. Common punching technologies include laser punching, electrostatic punching, plasma punching, etc. By punching on tipping paper, filter tips or cigarette paper, the ventilation rate of cigarette filter tips can be stabilized or the ventilation rate at the burning end can be increased, which can reduce the internal quality fluctuation of products, improve the homogenization of cigarettes, and reduce the rejection rate. Therefore, the punching uniformity is of great significance to the stability of cigarette ventilation performance. At present, there is no systematic method for characterizing the morphological structure of punched micropores, and the evaluation of punching stability cannot be carried out.

[0003] In the prior art, the characterization of punching quality mostly focuses on the pore area of micropores after binary processing of micropores. Some punching quality detection devices propose to realize the functions of detecting pore diameter and pore band position, but there is no specific detection, image processing and index calculation method, and the characterization index is only independent data of single pores, and the characterization index of continuous micropores cannot be formed at one time, and the internal relationship between the distribution uniformity between continuous pores, the consistency of pore size, etc. and the physical indexes of cigarettes cannot be established. The characterization of continuous pores is the basis for establishing punching quality evaluation and is the fundamental to effectively ensure the stability of cigarette production and the consistency of sensory quality. Therefore, it is necessary to make improvements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention: Provide a method for characterizing the morphological structure of punched micropores in cigarettes and evaluating the punching quality. The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art that there is no specific detection, image processing index calculation method for punching quality, the characterization index is only independent data of single pores, the characterization index of continuous micropores cannot be formed at one time, and the internal relationship between the distribution uniformity between continuous pores, the consistency of pore size, etc. and the physical indexes of cigarettes cannot be established.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention:

[0006] A method for characterizing the morphological structure of punched micropores in cigarettes and evaluating the punching quality, comprising the following steps:

[0007] 1) Using a graphic acquisition component, collect micropore pictures of the plane of the punched tobacco material or collect micropore pictures of the circumference of the cigarette filter rod and the burning end;

[0008] 2) Binarize the microporous images, and use the adjustable fixed threshold binarization method to process the microporous images, converting the grayscale images into binary images;

[0009] 3) Extract by processing the pixel points of the binary image, and use the number of pixel points as the quantization data of each characterization index, and define and calculate to obtain the quantization characterization indexes of microporous width, height, perimeter, area, roundness, and spacing;

[0010] 4) Use the deviation degree and dispersion degree to characterize the fluctuation of the microporous quality, use the grey correlation method to establish the correlation coefficient between each index and the physical quality of the cigarette rod, and allocate the weight of the quality score of each index in the comprehensive quality according to the correlation degree. Use the comprehensive quality score of the micropores as the evaluation basis for the microporous fluctuation to realize the characterization of the morphological structure of the punched micropores in the cigarette and the evaluation of the quality fluctuation.

[0011] The definitions of each characterization index in step 3) above:

[0012] Use the number of pixel points occupied by the width and height of the largest circumscribed rectangle in the binary image of a single micropore to characterize the microporous width W and height H respectively;

[0013] Take the intersection point of the diagonal of the largest circumscribed rectangle as the center of the inscribed and circumscribed circles, and use the ratio of the number of pixel points on the circumferences of the inscribed and circumscribed circles to characterize the microporous roundness R;

[0014] Use the number of pixel points on the edge of the irregular circular image formed by the pixel points of the critical gray threshold to characterize the microporous perimeter C;

[0015] Use the number of all pixel points inside the circular image formed by the pixel points of the critical gray threshold to characterize the microporous area S;

[0016] Take the row and column in the pixel point matrix where the pixel point of the microporous center is located as the horizontal and vertical coordinates x, y of the micropore. Calculate the difference between the abscissas of the centers of two micropores as the horizontal spacing X of the micropores ij , and the difference in the ordinates is the vertical spacing Y of the micropores ij .

[0017] In step 4) above,

[0018] Use the deviation degree and dispersion degree to characterize the stability of the microporous index, and calculate the stability score I of the corresponding index through the formula:

[0019]

[0020] In the formula: I is the microporous quality score; Z is the deviation degree; P is the dispersion degree; k is the coefficient;

[0021] The deviation degree Z characterizes the degree of deviation between the actual control value and the standard setting value, that is, the accuracy:

[0022]

[0023] Where: Z is the deviation; is the average value of the characterization index; is the design value; is one-third of the design standard deviation or design tolerance;

[0024] The dispersion P characterizes the actual control fluctuation of the punching, that is, the degree of satisfaction of the standard deviation with the standard design requirements, that is, the accuracy:

[0025]

[0026] Where: P is the dispersion; s is the standard deviation of the characterization index; One-third of the design standard deviation or design tolerance;

[0027] The grey relational analysis method is used to calculate the correlation degree between the micro-hole characterization index and the cigarette physical index. According to the correlation degree ranking, the weights of each micro-hole characterization index are assigned, and the comprehensive quality score of the micro-hole is obtained by weighting each characterization index. The grey relational analysis method first takes the cigarette physical index as the mother sequence and the micro-hole characterization index as the sub-sequence to calculate the correlation coefficient :

[0028]

[0029] Where: is the correlation coefficient; is the absolute difference between the dimensionless data of the j-th micro-hole characterization index of the i-th cigarette and the cigarette physical index; is the resolution coefficient;

[0030] The correlation degree r is calculated through the correlation coefficient to characterize the correlation degree between the cigarette physical index and the micro-hole quality index:

[0031]

[0032] Where: r is the correlation degree; is the correlation coefficient between the j-th parameter of the i-th sub-sequence and the j-th parameter of the mother sequence, that is, the 0-sequence; N is the number of samples;

[0033] The comprehensive quality score M of the micro-hole is used to evaluate the overall quality of each micro-hole characterization index:

[0034]

[0035] Where: is the weight of each micro-hole characterization index, is the quality score of each micro-hole characterization index.

[0036] Advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art:

[0037] This solution uses a method for characterizing the microporous structure of cigarette punching, which can replace the method of visually inspecting the punching quality with a microscope and relying on the physical indicators at the cigarette end to judge. The punching quality is quantified into specific values. Through the application of the punching quality evaluation method, the changes in the microporous morphology structure and punching quality caused by problems such as punching laser focusing and punching parameter design can be analyzed more intuitively, so as to adjust the laser focusing state and optimize the punching parameters with more scientific data support, providing technical support for product maintenance and design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a binary image of the microporous morphology structure of cigarette punching according to the present invention.

[0039] Among them, A is the micropore acquisition image, B is the micropore binary image, and C is the schematic diagram of micropore image recognition.

[0040] Figure 2 It is a graph showing the change of the micropore width W with the punching parameters in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a graph showing the change of the micropore height H with the punching parameters in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a graph showing the change of the micropore roundness R with the punching parameters in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 It is a graph showing the change of the micropore perimeter C with the punching parameters in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 It is a graph showing the change of the micropore area S with the punching parameters in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 It is the micropore spacing X ij 、Y ij graph of the change with the punching parameters. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0046] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that in this text, the term "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including said element.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1-7 , and elaborate on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0049] A method for characterizing the morphological structure of micropores in cigarette punching and evaluating the punching quality includes the following steps:

[0050] 1) Using a graphic acquisition component, acquire micropore pictures of the planar punching tobacco material or circumferentially acquire micropore pictures of the cigarette filter rod and the combustion end;

[0051] During operation, peel the punching tobacco material from the cigarette or directly place the punching part of the cigarette under the image acquisition component to acquire planar or circumferential punching micropore pictures of the cigarette.

[0052] 2) Perform binarization processing on the micropore pictures, and use an adjustable fixed threshold binarization method to process the micropore images to convert the grayscale image into a binary image;

[0053] According to the brightness and chromaticity of the acquired image, adjust the fixed threshold in the binarization program to process the grayscale image and form a binary image closest to the true micropore morphology, minimizing the error caused by the image acquisition process.

[0054] 3) Extract by processing the pixel points of the binary image, and use the number of pixel points as the quantitative data of each characterization index, and define and calculate to obtain quantification characterization indexes such as micropore width, height, perimeter, area, roundness, and spacing;

[0055] Definition of each characterization index:

[0056] The width W and height H of the micropore are respectively characterized by the number of pixel points occupied by the width and height of the largest circumscribed rectangle in a single micropore binary image.

[0057] According to the micropore width and height data, the differences in punching equipment of different machines and different manufacturers or the punching quality stability of tobacco materials in different batches can be quantitatively adjusted.

[0058] Taking the intersection point of the diagonals of the largest circumscribed rectangle as the center of the inscribed and circumscribed circles, the roundness R of the micropore is characterized by the ratio of the number of pixel points on the circumferences of the inscribed and circumscribed circles.

[0059] The number of pixel points on the irregular circular image edge formed by pixel points with the critical gray threshold is used to characterize the micro-hole perimeter C.

[0060] The number of all pixel points within the circular image formed by pixel points with the critical gray threshold is used to characterize the micro-hole area S.

[0061] The data of micro-hole roundness R, perimeter C, and area S can be used as the basis for product design, cigarette ventilation rate, and draw resistance distribution, as well as the quantitative index for adjusting the laser focusing state of punching.

[0062] Taking the row and column in the pixel point matrix where the pixel point of the micro-hole center is located as the horizontal and vertical coordinates x, y of the micro-hole, the horizontal distance X between two micro-hole centers is calculated by calculating the difference in the abscissas of the micro-hole centers. ij , and the vertical distance Y between the micro-holes is the difference in the ordinates. ij .

[0063] The micro-hole spacing can be used as a consideration index for the operating state of the punching device.

[0064] 4) The deviation and dispersion are used to characterize the fluctuation of the micro-hole quality. The gray correlation method is used to establish the correlation coefficient between each index and the physical quality of the cigarette rod. According to the correlation degree, the weight of the quality score of each index in the comprehensive quality is allocated. The comprehensive quality score of the micro-hole is used as the evaluation basis for the micro-hole fluctuation, so as to realize the characterization of the micro-hole structure morphology of cigarette punching and the evaluation of quality fluctuation.

[0065] The deviation and dispersion are used to characterize the stability of the micro-hole index, and the stability score I of the corresponding index is calculated through the formula:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula: I is the micro-hole quality score; Z is the deviation; P is the dispersion; k is the coefficient.

[0068] The deviation Z characterizes the degree of deviation between the actual control value and the standard setting value, that is, the accuracy:

[0069]

[0070] In the formula: Z is the deviation; is the average value of the characterization index; is the design value; is one-third of the design standard deviation or design tolerance;

[0071] The dispersion P characterizes the actual control fluctuation of punching, that is, the degree of satisfaction with the standard design requirements, that is, the precision:

[0072]

[0073] In the formula: P is the dispersion; s is the standard deviation of the characterization index; One-third of the design standard deviation or design tolerance;

[0074] The grey relational analysis method is used to calculate the correlation degree between the micropore characterization indexes and the cigarette physical indexes. The weights of each micropore characterization index are assigned according to the correlation degree ranking, and the comprehensive micropore quality score is obtained by weighting each characterization index. First, the cigarette physical indexes are used as the mother sequence and the micropore characterization indexes are used as the son sequences in the grey relational analysis method to calculate the correlation coefficients :

[0075]

[0076] In the formula: is the correlation coefficient; is the absolute difference between the dimensionless data of the j-th micropore characterization index of the i-th cigarette and the cigarette physical indexes; is the resolution coefficient.

[0077] The correlation degree r is calculated through the correlation coefficients to characterize the correlation degree between the cigarette physical indexes and the micropore quality indexes:

[0078]

[0079] In the formula: r is the correlation degree; is the correlation coefficient between the j-th parameter of the i-th son sequence and the j-th parameter of the mother sequence, i.e., the 0 sequence; N is the number of samples;

[0080] The comprehensive micropore quality score M is used to evaluate the overall quality of each micropore characterization index:

[0081]

[0082] In the formula: is the weight of each micropore characterization index, is the quality score of each micropore characterization index.

[0083] Through a method for characterizing the micropore structure of cigarette punching in the present invention, the method of visually inspecting the punching quality by a microscope and judging by relying on the cigarette terminal physical indexes can be replaced. The punching quality is quantified into specific values. Through the application of the punching quality evaluation method, the changes in the micropore morphology structure and punching quality caused by problems such as punching laser focusing problems and punching parameter design problems can be analyzed more intuitively, so as to adjust the laser focusing state and optimize the punching parameters with more scientific data support, providing technical support for product maintenance and design.

[0084] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, in any regard, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

[0085] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative manner of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for characterizing the morphological structure of punched micropores in cigarettes and evaluating the punching quality, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: 1) Using a graphic acquisition component, collect micropore pictures of the plane of the perforated cigarette materials, or collect micropore pictures of the circumferences of cigarette filters and combustion ends; 2) Perform binarization processing on the micropore pictures: Use an adjustable fixed threshold binarization method to process the micropore images and convert the grayscale images into binary images; 3) Extract by processing the pixel points of the binary image, use the number of pixel points as the quantitative data of each characterization index, and define and calculate the quantitative characterization indexes of micropore width, height, perimeter, area, roundness, and spacing; 4) Use deviation and dispersion to characterize the fluctuation of the micropore quality, use the grey relational method to establish the correlation coefficient between each index and the physical quality of the cigarette rod, and allocate the weight of the quality score of each index in the comprehensive quality according to the correlation degree. Use the comprehensive quality score of the micropores as the evaluation basis for the micropore fluctuation to realize the characterization of the micropore structure morphology of the perforated cigarette and the evaluation of the quality fluctuation; 2. The method for characterizing the morphological structure of punched micropores and evaluating the punching quality of cigarettes according to claim 1, wherein: In the above step 3), the definitions of each characterization index are as follows: Use the number of pixel points occupied by the width and height of the largest circumscribed rectangle in a single micropore binary image to characterize the micropore width W and height H respectively; Take the intersection point of the diagonals of the largest circumscribed rectangle as the center of the inscribed and circumscribed circles, and use the ratio of the number of pixel points on the circumferences of the inscribed and circumscribed circles to characterize the micropore roundness R; Use the number of pixel points on the edge of the irregular circular image formed by the pixel points of the critical grayscale threshold to characterize the micropore perimeter C; Use the number of all pixel points inside the circular image formed by the pixel points of the critical grayscale threshold to characterize the micropore area S; Taking the row and column in the pixel matrix where the pixel point of the microhole center is located as the horizontal and vertical coordinates x and y of the microhole, the horizontal distance X between two microhole centers is calculated by calculating the difference in the abscissas of the two microhole centers ij , and the difference in the ordinates is the vertical distance Y between the microholes ij .

3. A method for characterizing the morphological structure of punched micropores in cigarettes and evaluating the punching quality according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the above step 4), Use deviation and dispersion to characterize the stability of the micropore index, and calculate the stability score I of the corresponding index through the formula: In the formula: I is the micropore quality score; Z is the deviation; P is the dispersion; k is the coefficient; The deviation Z characterizes the degree of deviation between the actual control value and the standard setting value, that is, the accuracy: Where: Z is the degree of deviation; is the average value of the characterization index; is the design value; is one third of the design standard deviation or the design tolerance; The dispersion P characterizes the actual control fluctuation of the punching, that is, the degree of satisfaction of the standard deviation with the standard design requirements, that is, the precision: Where: P is the dispersion; s is the standard deviation representing the index; One third of the design standard deviation or design tolerance; The grey relational analysis method is used to calculate the correlation degree between the micropore characterization indexes and the cigarette physical indexes. The weights of each micropore characterization index are assigned according to the correlation degree ranking, and the comprehensive quality score of the micropores is obtained by weighting each characterization index. First of all, the cigarette physical indexes are taken as the mother sequence and the micropore characterization indexes are taken as the son sequence in the grey relational analysis method to calculate the correlation coefficient : Wherein: is the correlation coefficient; is the absolute difference between the j-th micropore characterization index of the i-th cigarette and the dimensionless data of the cigarette physical index; is the discrimination coefficient; Calculate the correlation degree r through the correlation coefficient to characterize the correlation degree between the physical index of the cigarette rod and the micropore quality index: Where: r is the correlation degree; is the correlation coefficient between the j-th parameter of the i-th subsequence and the j-th parameter of the mother sequence, i.e., the 0 sequence; N is the number of samples; The comprehensive quality score M of the micropores is used to evaluate the overall quality of each characterization index of the micropores: In the formula: is the weight of each characterization index of the micropores, is the quality score of each characterization index of the micropores.

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