API filtration loss automatic measurement device and method

Abstract

The present invention provides an automatic measurement device and method for API filtration loss, and relates to the field of drilling mud performance measuring instruments. The device includes a mud cake box, a storage bin, a filtering system, a pressure feedback constant control system, a mud measurement system and a cylinder. The storage bin is fixed on one side of the guide rail, and the upper end of the storage bin is open, which is used to place the mud cake box. The lower part of the storage bin has an outlet, and a cylinder I is installed on the side opposite to the outlet. Cylinder I is used to push the mud cake box from the storage bin to the other side of the guide rail. Cylinder II is also installed at the end of the guide rail to store the measured mud cake. The mud cake box is used to store the injected mud. The present invention can solve the problems of cumbersome steps, complex labor, low measurement accuracy and low work efficiency of manual measurement in the existing measurement process, and realize the automatic measurement of API filtration loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of drilling mud performance measurement equipment, and in particular to an API filtration loss automatic measurement device and method. Background Art

[0002] Mud is the "blood" of drilling and plays a very important role in the drilling process. In petroleum engineering, the success of drilling an oil and gas well depends to a large extent on the properties and functions of the drilling fluid. The filtration performance of the mud is also a part of the drilling fluid performance. The filtration effect of the mud is the phenomenon that the free water in the drilling fluid penetrates into the pores or cracks of the well wall rock under the action of pressure difference. The filtration loss is usually used to indicate the strength of the filtration loss, so measuring the filtration loss of the mud plays an important role in judging the performance of the drilling fluid.

[0003] At present, the main method for measuring mud filtration loss during drilling is to manually install the tank, install filter paper, pump air into the tank mud and pressurize it, and visually read the filtration loss value. The entire filtration loss measurement process has the disadvantages of cumbersome measurement procedures, large errors in manual visual readings, and low work efficiency. In addition, manually pumping air into the tank mud and pressurizing it is not only cumbersome and labor-intensive, but also causes the mud to be not filtered cleanly.

[0004] An automatic mud loss measuring device that can reduce cumbersome procedures, save manpower consumption, and improve measurement accuracy is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide an automatic measurement device and method for API filtration loss, which solves the problems existing in the prior art such as complicated measurement procedures, high manpower consumption, large errors in manual visual readings, and low work efficiency.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An API filtration loss automatic measuring device comprises a mud cake box, a storage bin, a filtering system, a pressure feedback constant control system, a mud measuring system and a cylinder driving system.

[0008] Storage bin, the storage bin is fixed on one side of the guide rail. The upper end of the storage bin is open, used to place the mud cake box, the lower part of the storage bin has an outlet, and the side opposite to the outlet is equipped with a cylinder I, which is used to push the mud cake box from the storage bin to the other side of the guide rail. The end of the guide rail is also equipped with a cylinder II, which is used to store the measured mud cake. The mud cake box is used to store the injected mud.

[0009] The filter system is used to filter the mud. The filter system is installed inside the mud cake box.

[0010] The mud measuring system is used to measure the amount of filtrate in the mud cake box, including a measuring cup and a pressure sensor I. The measuring cup is installed in the lower end cover of the mud cake box. The pressure sensor I is fixed at the bottom of the measuring cup and is used to measure the discharged filtrate.

[0011] The pressure feedback constant control system includes a pressure sensor II and a controller. The pressure sensor II is arranged inside the exhaust port channel. The pressure feedback constant control system monitors the pressure inside the mud cake box in real time during pressurized filtration, and increases or decreases the pressure according to the comparison between the real-time pressure and the set pressure value.

[0012] The mud cake box includes an upper cover, a lower end cover, and a mud cake box body. The upper cover is used for sealing, and the upper cover and the mud cake box body are connected by threads, and a sealing ring is installed at the connection. The mud injection port is located at the side port of the upper cover, and the mud injection port is connected to the mud injection pipe. The exhaust port is a port installed on the top surface of the upper cover, which is used to exhaust the air in the mud cake box body. The pressurization port is a port installed on the top surface of the upper cover, which is used to pressurize and filter the mud in the mud cake box. The hydraulic rod connection port is located at the top surface port of the upper cover, which is used to connect with the hydraulic rod, and the hydraulic rod connection port has an internal thread. The lower end cover is connected to the mud cake box body by threads, and a sealing ring is installed at the connection. The hydraulic rod connection port is located at the center of the upper cover, and the pressurization port and the exhaust port are located on both sides of the hydraulic rod connection port.

[0013] The filtration system comprises filter paper and filter screen, and the filter paper and filter screen are stacked and fixed on the top of the lower end cover of the mud cake box.

[0014] The bottom of the measuring cup is inclined at a certain angle and is provided with a filtrate discharge port.

[0015] The mud injection port is used to inject mud, and after the mud is injected, the mud injection port is automatically closed.

[0016] An automatic method for measuring API filtration loss, comprising:

[0017] Step 1: The storage bin stores the mud cake boxes;

[0018] Step 2: The cylinder I pushes the rod to push the mud cake box in the storage bin to move;

[0019] Step 3: After the movement is completed, the upper cover is connected and fixed to the mud cake box;

[0020] Step 4: inject mud into the mud cake box;

[0021] Step 5: Pressurize the mud cake box and filter the mud through the filtration system;

[0022] Step 6: The internal pressure feedback constant control system of the mud cake box keeps the internal pressure of the mud cake box constant;

[0023] Step 7: The mud measurement system measures the amount of filtrate;

[0024] Step 8: After the measurement is completed, the upper cover is opened and the cylinder II push rod pushes the mud cake box into the warehouse.

[0025] Furthermore, the sixth step specifically includes that when the real-time internal pressure value is greater than the set pressure value, the internal pressure feedback constant control system of the mud cake box controls the exhaust port to open for decompression; when the real-time internal pressure value is less than the set pressure value, the internal pressure feedback constant control system of the mud cake box controls the pressurization port to open for pressurization.

[0026] Furthermore, the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor I is transmitted to the computer through data acquisition, and the program in the computer processes the data. The seventh step also includes error processing of the measured filtrate, specifically including the error processing formula:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, K is the Kalman gain, which describes the correction weight of the quantity measurement (measured quantity) for the state quantity, and H k is the measurement matrix, describing the conversion relationship between the measured value and the state value. H k The transposed matrix of k is the covariance matrix, which describes the correlation between each state quantity; R k Describes the measurement noise of the sensor for the measurement noise matrix.

[0029] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0030] The present invention realizes the automatic measurement of mud filter vector, and solves the problems of complicated measurement process, high labor consumption and low work efficiency in the prior art. In the API filter loss automatic measurement device, the constant pressure feedback control system inside the mud cake box solves the problem of large error in manual visual reading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method for automatically measuring API filtration loss provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic API filtration loss measuring device provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the mud cake box provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the effect of the internal pressure feedback constant control system of the mud cake box provided by the present invention on the internal pressure control of the mud cake box.

[0035] In the figure: 1-cylinder, 2-guide rail, 3-storage bin, 4-pressure sensor I, 5-measuring cup, 6-lower end cover, 7-upper cover, 8-mud injection port, 9-exhaust port, 10-hydraulic rod connection port, 11-pressurization port, 12-filtration system, 13-hydraulic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 2-3 As shown, an automatic API filtration loss measuring device of the present invention comprises a mud cake box, a storage bin 3, a filtering system 12, a pressure feedback constant control system, a mud measuring system and a cylinder.

[0038] The storage bin 3 is used to store the mud cake box, and the storage bin 3 is fixed on one side of the guide rail 2. The upper end of the storage bin 3 is open, and is used to place the mud cake box. The lower part of the storage bin 3 has an outlet (the side connected to the guide rail 2 has an opening slightly larger than the mud cake box, which is used as the outlet of the mud cake box). The side opposite to the outlet is installed with a cylinder I1, which is used to push the mud cake box from the storage bin 3 to the other side of the guide rail 2. The end of the guide rail is also installed with a cylinder II1, which is used to store the measured mud cake box. The function of the guide rail 2 is to facilitate the movement of the mud cake box according to the planned path and to fix the mud cake box. The mud cake box is used to store the injected mud.

[0039] The filter system 12 is used for filtering mud. The filter system 12 is installed inside the mud cake box.

[0040] The mud measurement system is used to measure the amount of filtrate in the mud cake box. It includes a measuring cup 5 and a pressure sensor I4. The measuring cup 5 is installed in the lower end cover 6 of the mud cake box. In order to prevent the filtrate from remaining in the measuring cup 5, the bottom of the measuring cup 5 is inclined at a certain angle and is provided with a filtrate discharge port to facilitate the discharge of the filtrate. The pressure sensor I4 is fixed at the bottom of the measuring cup 5 and is used to measure the discharged filtrate.

[0041] The pressure feedback constant control system includes a pressure sensor II and a controller, which are arranged inside the exhaust port 9 channel. During pressurized filtration, the pressure inside the mud cake box is monitored in real time, and the pressure is increased or decreased according to the comparison between the real-time pressure and the set pressure value to ensure that the pressure inside the mud cake box is constant.

[0042] like Figure 2As shown, the mud cake box includes an upper cover 7, a lower end cover 6, and a mud cake box tank body. The upper cover 7 is used for sealing, and the upper cover 7 is connected to the mud cake box tank body by threads, and a sealing ring is installed at the connection to ensure the sealing during the process. The mud injection port 8 is located at the side port of the upper cover, and the mud injection port 8 is connected to the mud injection pipe. The mud injection port 8 is used to inject mud, and after the mud is injected, the mud injection port 8 will automatically close (that is, the pipeline for injecting mud is connected to the mud injection port, and then after a certain amount of mud is injected, the mud is stopped from being transported, and the pipeline for injecting mud is connected to the mud cake box containing mud, and the mud cake box containing mud stops). The exhaust port 9 is a port installed on the top surface of the upper cover 7, which is used to exhaust the air in the mud cake box tank body. The pressure port 11 is installed on the top surface of the upper cover 7 and is used to pressurize the mud in the mud cake box (pressurization is performed through the pressure port 11. When the real-time pressure value inside is greater than the set pressure value, the constant pressure feedback control system inside the mud cake box controls the exhaust port 9 to open for decompression; when the real-time pressure value inside is less than the set pressure value, the constant pressure feedback control system inside the mud cake box controls the pressure port 11 to open for pressurization). The pressure port 11 is only responsible for pressurization, but the mud is indeed filtered under pressure, and the filtered residue will be pressed into a mud cake. The hydraulic rod connection port 10 is located on the top surface of the upper cover 7 and is used to connect with the hydraulic rod 13. The hydraulic rod connection port 10 has an internal thread. The lower end cover 6 is connected to the mud cake box tank body by threads, and a sealing ring is installed at the connection to ensure the sealing during the process. The hydraulic rod connection port 10 is located at the center of the upper cover 7, and the pressure port 11 and the exhaust port 9 are located on both sides of the hydraulic rod connection port 10.

[0043] The filtering system 12 comprises filter paper and filter screen, which are stacked and fixed on the top of the lower end cover 6 of the mud cake box to filter the mud.

[0044] The specific use process of the present invention is:

[0045] Turn on the host computer → start the automatic measurement device → enter the API filter vector automatic measurement state → the cylinder push rod pushes the mud cake box in the storage bin 3 to move along the track 2 → the hydraulic rod is connected to the upper end cover 7 through the connection port 10 of the upper end cover 7 and is tightened with the mud cake box through threads → the motor injects a certain amount of mud from the mud injection port 8 through the pipeline → the motor stops working and takes out the pipeline → the mud injection port 8 is closed → the mud in the tank is pressurized through the pressure port 11 → the internal pressure of the mud cake box is stabilized through constant control of the internal pressure feedback of the mud cake box → the mud starts to filter → the filtrate drips into the measuring cup 5 → the amount of filtrate in the measuring cup is measured by the pressure sensor 4 → after the time is reached, stop pressurizing → the air in the tank is discharged through the exhaust port 9 to restore the normal pressure → the hydraulic rod 13 opens the upper end cover 7 and completes the measurement → the push rod pushes the mud cake box to move along the track 2 → the mud cake box is put into storage.

[0046] Therefore, the present invention proposes an automatic method for measuring API filtration loss, such as Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, including:

[0047] Step 1: The storage bin stores the mud cake boxes;

[0048] Step 2: The cylinder I pushes the rod to push the mud cake box in the storage bin to move;

[0049] Step 3: After the movement is completed, the upper cover is connected and fixed to the mud cake box;

[0050] Step 4: inject mud into the mud cake box;

[0051] Step 5: Pressurize the mud cake box and filter the mud through the filtration system;

[0052] Step 6: The internal pressure feedback constant control system of the mud cake box keeps the internal pressure of the mud cake box constant;

[0053] Step 7: The mud measurement system measures the amount of filtrate;

[0054] Step 8: After the measurement is completed, the upper cover is opened and the cylinder II push rod pushes the mud cake box into the warehouse.

[0055] Furthermore, the sixth step specifically includes that when the real-time internal pressure value is greater than the set pressure value, the internal pressure feedback constant control system of the mud cake box controls the exhaust port 9 to open for decompression; when the real-time internal pressure value is less than the set pressure value, the internal pressure feedback constant control system of the mud cake box controls the pressurization port 11 to open for pressurization.

[0056] Furthermore, the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor I is transmitted to the computer through data acquisition, and the program in the computer processes the data. The seventh step also includes the computer using the Kalman filter algorithm to perform error processing on the measured filtrate, specifically including the error processing formula:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, K is the Kalman gain, which describes the correction weight of the quantity measurement for the state quantity, and H k is the measurement matrix, describing the conversion relationship between the measured value and the state value. H k The transposed matrix of k is the covariance matrix, which describes the correlation between each state quantity; R k Describes the measurement noise of the sensor for the measurement noise matrix.

[0059] The invention solves the problems existing in the prior art, such as complicated measuring procedures, large manpower consumption, large errors in manual visual readings, and low work efficiency.

[0060] Simulation test

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, after the pressurization starts, the pressure continues to rise. When the pressure value in the mud cake box is greater than the set pressure value, the pressure begins to be controlled and the pressure in the mud cake box is reduced. When the pressure value in the mud cake box is less than the set pressure value, the mud cake box is pressurized. After a period of time, the pressure value stabilizes to achieve the purpose of constant pressure control inside the mud cake box.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic method for measuring API fluid loss, characterized in that: The method uses an API filter loss automatic measuring device for measurement, the device comprising an upper cover, a mud cake box, a storage bin, a filtering system, a pressure feedback constant control system, a mud measuring system and a cylinder; The mud cake box comprises a lower end cover and a mud cake box tank body, an upper cover is used for sealing, the upper cover and the mud cake box tank body are connected by threads, and a sealing ring is installed at the connection, a mud injection port is located at a side port of the upper cover, the mud injection port is connected to a mud injection pipeline, an exhaust port is installed at a port on the top surface of the upper cover, and is used to exhaust the air in the mud cake box tank body, a pressurizing port is installed at a port on the top surface of the upper cover, and is used to pressurize and filter the mud in the mud cake box, a hydraulic rod connection port is located at a port on the top surface of the upper cover, and is used to connect with a hydraulic rod, the hydraulic rod connection port has an internal thread, the lower end cover and the mud cake box tank body are connected by threads, and a sealing ring is installed at the connection, the hydraulic rod connection port is located at the center of the upper cover, and the pressurizing port and the exhaust port are located on both sides of the hydraulic rod connection port; The storage bin is fixed on one side of the guide rail, the upper end opening of the storage bin is used to place the mud cake box, the lower part of the storage bin connected to the guide rail has an opening slightly larger than the mud cake box as an outlet for the mud cake, and a cylinder I is installed on the side of the lower part of the storage bin opposite to the outlet, and the cylinder I is used to push the mud cake box from the storage bin to the other side of the guide rail. The end point of the guide rail is also installed with a cylinder II, which is used to store the measured mud cake box; The mud cake box is used to store the injected mud; The filtering system is used to filter mud, and the filtering system is installed inside the mud cake box; The mud measuring system is used to measure the amount of filtrate in the mud cake box. The mud measuring system includes a measuring cup and a pressure sensor 1. The measuring cup is installed in the lower end cover of the mud cake box. The pressure sensor 1 is fixed at the bottom of the measuring cup and is used to measure the discharged filtrate. The pressure feedback constant control system includes a pressure sensor II and a controller. The pressure sensor II is located inside the exhaust port channel. The pressure feedback constant control system monitors the pressure inside the mud cake box in real time during pressurized filtration, and increases or decreases the pressure according to the comparison between the real-time pressure and the set pressure value. The measuring method comprises: Step 1: The storage bin stores the mud cake boxes; Step 2: The cylinder I pushes the rod to push the mud cake box in the storage bin to move along the guide rail; Step 3: After the movement is completed, use the hydraulic rod to connect and fix the upper cover to the mud cake box; Step 4: inject mud into the mud cake box; Step 5: Pressurize the mud cake box and filter the mud through the filtration system; Step 6: The internal pressure feedback constant control system of the mud cake box keeps the internal pressure of the mud cake box constant; The sixth step specifically includes: when the real-time internal pressure value is greater than the set pressure value, the internal pressure feedback constant control system of the mud cake box controls the exhaust port to open for decompression; when the real-time internal pressure value is less than the set pressure value, the internal pressure feedback constant control system of the mud cake box controls the pressurization port to open for pressurization; Step 7: The mud measurement system measures the amount of filtrate; Step 8: After the measurement is completed, the hydraulic rod opens the upper cover, and the cylinder II push rod pushes the mud cake box into the warehouse.

2. The automatic measurement method for API filtration loss according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtering system comprises filter paper and filter screen, which are stacked and fixed on the top of the lower end cover of the mud cake box.

3. The automatic measurement method of API filtration loss according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the measuring cup is inclined at a certain angle and has a filtrate discharge port.

4. The automatic measurement method of API fluid loss according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud injection port is used to inject mud, and after the mud is injected, the mud injection port is automatically closed.

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