A method and device for detecting high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristics based on LIBS

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and device for detecting high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristics based on LIBS. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a database model: preparing samples; preparing multiple metal steel pipe samples made of the same material as the actual product; training samples; stretching the multiple samples at different temperatures and tensions; analyzing the samples; removing the samples and performing metallographic microscopic analysis on the surfaces of the samples with multiple different cross-sectional areas to obtain analysis results; irradiating the samples with laser light to obtain corresponding spectral information, and correlating the spectral information with degradation levels; constructing a database; storing the above-mentioned spectral degradation data; and online detection: detecting the surface characteristics of the product using a detection device; after obtaining the spectral information of the product surface, comparing it with the database to obtain the product degradation results. The present invention can perform online degradation characteristic detection on pressure-bearing metal parts without stopping production, and is very convenient to operate, ensuring production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and device for detecting metal properties, and in particular to a method and device for detecting high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation properties based on LIBS. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the national economy, the efficient and stable development and operation of industries such as power, metallurgy, chemical engineering, and machinery have become crucial foundations for modernization. Consequently, an increasing number of critical pressure-bearing equipment are being put into production across these industries. The operational safety and reliability of this pressure-bearing equipment have become crucial factors directly impacting production safety and economic efficiency. Among these, chromium-molybdenum steel (Cr-Mo) is a widely used heat-resistant and hydrogen-resistant steel grade worldwide. Made by adding alloying elements such as Cr, Mo, and V to low-carbon steel, it boasts superior overall performance compared to low-carbon steel, including excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, high-temperature oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, toughness, processability, and weldability. Therefore, it is widely used in the manufacture of large-scale equipment operating under harsh operating conditions and complex corrosive media, such as those in the petrochemical industry, coal conversion, nuclear power, turbine cylinders, and thermal power generation. Over long periods of service, critical components of pressure-bearing equipment, exposed to extreme conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, can be affected by changes in the material's metallographic structure and mechanical properties, leading to degradation and potentially compromising the safe operation of the unit.

[0003] Taking the typical Cr-Mo steel 12Cr1MoV as an example, 12Cr1MoV steel is supplied in a normalized and tempered state, with an initial metallographic structure of ferrite and bainite. However, during long-term service in harsh, high-temperature, and high-pressure environments, atomic diffusion causes alloying elements and carbon in the metal to diffuse through the metallographic structure, gradually altering the structure and morphology of the metallographic structure and carbides. The original metallographic features gradually disappear, and the grains coarsen. These destabilizing metallographic transformations inevitably affect the steel's mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, high-temperature strength, and creep brittleness, ultimately leading to in-service failure. Typical metallographic changes that occur during the failure process of 12Cr1MoV steel include graphitization, pearlite spheroidization, changes in various carbide characteristics, and precipitation of alloying elements. Therefore, qualitative and quantitative testing and assessment of these material degradation phenomena are crucial for equipment safety.

[0004] Existing methods for detecting material failure in pressure-bearing equipment require cutting metal parts for offline analysis, which requires downtime and production suspension. This is not convenient and affects production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristic detection method based on LIBS. This high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristic detection method can perform degradation characteristic detection on pressure-bearing metal parts online without stopping the machine or production. The operation is very convenient and helps to ensure normal production efficiency.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristic detection device based on LIBS.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for detecting degradation characteristics of high-temperature and high-pressure metals based on LIBS, comprising constructing a database model and performing online detection based on the database model;

[0009] The training sample database model construction includes the following steps:

[0010] Prepare samples; prepare multiple metal steel pipe samples made of the same material as the actual product; cut the outer circumference of the metal steel pipe sample so that the sample has multiple cross-sections of different areas;

[0011] Training samples: Multiple samples are placed in a training chamber of a tensile testing device, and both ends of the samples are clamped on the tensile testing device's stretching mechanism. The training chamber is heated by a heating mechanism to simulate the working conditions of actual products. The stretching mechanism stretches the multiple samples with different tensile forces. When the tensile failure test continues until a sample breaks, the tensile tests of all remaining samples are stopped simultaneously.

[0012] Take the same sample, change the test temperature, and perform the same tensile test as above;

[0013] Analyze the sample; remove the sample, perform metallographic microscopic analysis on the surface of multiple different cross-sectional areas of the sample, and obtain analysis results; classify the analysis results into multiple degradation levels;

[0014] The laser module of the LIBS-based detection device irradiates the sample with laser light. The laser light reflects off the sample and forms corresponding spectral information. This spectral information is received by the spectral module of the detection device. The received spectral information is processed by the processing module and associated with the degradation level of the sample.

[0015] Constructing a database; classifying and arranging the spectrum-degradation data in an orderly manner, and storing the data;

[0016] The online detection based on the database model includes the following steps:

[0017] The surface features of the product are detected by the detection device; after obtaining the spectral information of the product surface, it is compared with the background database model to determine the degradation level and obtain the degradation result of the product.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tensile testing device comprises a chassis, a heating mechanism and a tensile mechanism;

[0019] A training cavity is provided inside the chassis; the heating mechanism is arranged in the training cavity;

[0020] The stretching mechanism includes an upper clamp, a lower clamp, and a stretching drive mechanism. The upper and lower clamps are respectively attached to the ends of the sample; the drive end of the stretching drive mechanism is connected to the upper clamp. This structure allows the sample to be clamped between the upper and lower clamps, stretched by the stretching drive mechanism, and simultaneously heated by the heating mechanism, generating a high temperature in the training chamber, simulating actual working conditions, and subsequently completing the tensile failure test.

[0021] Furthermore, at least two upper clamps and two lower clamps are provided; the driving end of the stretching drive mechanism is connected to the upper clamp via a tension differential transmission structure;

[0022] The tension differential transmission structure includes a transmission frame, a differential connecting rod, and a differential spring; the transmission frame is fixedly connected to the driving end of the tension drive mechanism; the number of the differential connecting rods and the differential springs is the same as the number of the upper clamps; the differential springs corresponding to different upper clamps have different elastic forces;

[0023] One end of the differential link is fixedly connected to the upper clamp, and the other end of the differential link is slidably passed through the transmission frame; the other end of the differential link is provided with a fixing nut;

[0024] The differential spring is mounted on the other end of the differential link, with both ends of the differential spring abutting against the transmission frame and the fixing nut. With this structure, when the tensile drive mechanism pulls the transmission frame upward, the transmission frame transmits power to the multiple differential springs. Because the differential springs corresponding to different upper clamps have different elastic forces (e.g., different elastic coefficients), the different differential springs convert these forces into different forces that are transmitted downward to the differential link, thereby generating different tensile forces. This allows tensile tests with different tensile forces to be completed, improving test efficiency, simplifying test operations, simplifying the structure, and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0025] Furthermore, a guide structure is provided between the transmission frame and the chassis, and the guide structure includes a guide rod and a guide sleeve.

[0026] Furthermore, the stretching drive mechanism includes a stretching hydraulic cylinder, and the telescopic rod of the stretching hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the transmission frame.

[0027] Furthermore, the upper clamp includes an upper clamping seat, an upper pull rod and an upper clamping claw, wherein the upper clamping seat is fixedly arranged on the chassis in an inverted manner; the upper end of the upper pull rod is fixedly connected to the driving end of the stretching drive mechanism, and the lower end of the upper pull rod passes through the upper clamping seat and is connected to the upper clamping claw through a movable connection structure;

[0028] The upper clamping jaw is rotatably connected to the bottom of the upper clamping base, and is provided with an upper movable clamping portion. An upper fixed clamping portion is provided at the bottom of the upper clamping base, corresponding to the upper movable clamping portion of the upper clamping jaw. With this structure, the top of the sample is placed between the upper movable clamping portion and the upper fixed clamping portion. Driven by the stretching drive mechanism, the upper pull rod rotates the upper clamping jaw, causing the upper movable clamping portion of the upper clamping jaw to clamp the top of the sample against the upper fixed clamping portion, completing the clamping process and subsequently initiating stretching. This makes operation very convenient.

[0029] Furthermore, the lower clamp includes a lower clamping seat, a lower pull rod, a lower clamping claw, and a lower clamping drive mechanism. The lower clamping seat is fixedly arranged on the chassis; the upper end of the lower pull rod passes through the lower clamping seat and is connected to the lower clamping claw through a movable connection structure; the lower end of the lower pull rod is connected to the driving end of the lower clamping drive mechanism;

[0030] The lower clamping jaw is rotatably connected to the top of the lower clamping base, and is provided with a lower movable clamping portion. A lower fixed clamping portion is provided at the top of the lower clamping base, corresponding to the lower movable clamping portion of the lower clamping jaw. With this structure, the top of the sample is placed between the lower movable clamping portion and the lower fixed clamping portion. Driven by the lower clamping drive mechanism, the lower pull rod rotates the lower clamping jaw, causing the lower movable clamping portion of the lower clamping jaw to clamp the bottom of the sample against the lower fixed clamping portion, thus completing the clamping process and subsequently initiating stretching. This makes operation very convenient.

[0031] Furthermore, the lower clamp driving mechanism includes a lower clamp driving motor and a lower clamp transmission assembly, the lower clamp transmission assembly includes a synchronous wheel assembly and a screw transmission assembly, the synchronous wheel assembly includes a synchronous belt and multiple pulleys; the number of the screw transmission assemblies is the same as the number of the lower clamps, and the screw transmission assembly includes a screw and a screw nut; the screw is integrally arranged at the lower end of the lower pull rod; the screw nut is composed of a pulley with a spiral structure provided in the inner hole.

[0032] Furthermore, the movable connection structure includes a movable connection hole and a movable connection shaft, the movable connection hole is opened on the upper clamping jaw, and the movable connection shaft is fixedly connected to the upper pull rod.

[0033] Furthermore, the heating mechanism includes a plurality of electric heating rods.

[0034] A LIBS-based high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristic detection device includes a laser module, a spectroscopy module, a camera, and a processing module;

[0035] The processing module is electrically connected to the spectrum module and the camera.

[0036] Furthermore, the spectrum module is used to receive plasma radiation signals, and the spectrum module is connected to an enhanced charge coupled detector;

[0037] The working trigger delay between the spectrum module and the laser module is controlled by a delay trigger;

[0038] After the laser pulse is emitted by the laser module, it is focused vertically on the product surface through the reflector and focusing lens. The size of the laser spot on the product surface is controlled by adjusting the distance between the focusing lens and the product surface; the image of the laser focus on the product surface is observed on the processing module through the camera.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The detection method of the present invention introduces LIBS into the field of pressure vessel material degradation detection. It can not only realize detection without damaging or affecting the performance of the metal parts being tested, thus avoiding the destructive shortcomings of traditional detection methods, but also realizes that the equipment of this technology is portable and the detection process is fast and simple, so that rapid in-situ detection of equipment in service can be achieved, effectively reducing or even eliminating the hidden dangers of metal material failure through prediction, and ensuring the safe operation of important equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is a workflow diagram of the LIBS-based high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristic detection method of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tensile testing device of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 It is a side view of the upper clamp of the tensile testing device of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower clamp of the tensile testing device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0046] join Figure 1-2 The high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristic detection method based on LIBS of this embodiment includes building a database model and performing online detection based on the database model.

[0047] The training sample 1 to build a database model includes the following steps:

[0048] Prepare a sample 1; prepare multiple metal steel pipe samples 1 made of the same material as the actual product; cut the outer circumference of the metal steel pipe sample 1 so that the sample 1 has multiple cross sections of different areas.

[0049] Training sample 1; placing multiple samples 1 in the training chamber 2-1 of the tensile testing device, and clamping both ends of the sample 1 on the tensile testing device's tensile mechanism; heating the training chamber 2-1 by the heating mechanism to simulate the working conditions of the actual product; the tensile mechanism stretches the multiple samples 1 with different tensile forces; when the tensile failure test continues until a sample 1 breaks, the tensile tests of all other samples 1 are stopped simultaneously.

[0050] Take the same sample 1, change the test temperature, and perform the same tensile test as above.

[0051] Analyze the sample: Take out the sample 1, perform metallographic microscopic analysis on the surface of multiple different cross-sectional areas of the sample 1, and obtain analysis results; and classify the analysis results into multiple degradation levels;

[0052] The laser module of the LIBS-based detection device irradiates the sample 1 with a laser. The laser is reflected by the surface of the sample 1 to form corresponding spectral information, which is received by the spectral module of the detection device. The received spectral information is processed by the processing module and associated with the degradation level of the sample 1.

[0053] Constructing a database; classifying and arranging the spectrum-degradation data in an orderly manner, and storing the data;

[0054] The online detection based on the database model includes the following steps:

[0055] The surface features of the product are detected by the detection device; after obtaining the spectral information of the product surface, it is compared with the background database model to determine the degradation level and obtain the degradation result of the product.

[0056] join Figure 2-4The tensile testing apparatus includes a chassis 2, a heating mechanism, and a stretching mechanism. A training chamber 2-1 is provided within the chassis 2. The heating mechanism is located within the training chamber 2-1. The stretching mechanism includes an upper clamp, a lower clamp, and a stretching drive mechanism. The upper and lower clamps are respectively clamped to the ends of the sample 1. The drive end of the stretching drive mechanism is connected to the upper clamp. With this structure, the sample 1 can be clamped between the upper and lower clamps, stretched by the stretching drive mechanism, and simultaneously heated by the heating mechanism, generating a high temperature in the training chamber 2-1, simulating actual working conditions, and subsequently completing the tensile failure test.

[0057] join Figure 2-4 , the upper clamp and the lower clamp are each provided with at least two; the driving end of the stretching drive mechanism is connected to the upper clamp through a tension difference transmission structure; the tension difference transmission structure includes a transmission frame 3, a difference link 4 and a difference spring 5; the transmission frame 3 is fixedly connected to the driving end of the stretching drive mechanism; the number of the difference link 4 and the difference spring 5 is the same as the number of the upper clamp; the difference springs 5 corresponding to different upper clamps have different elastic forces; one end of the difference link 4 is fixedly connected to the upper clamp, and the other end of the difference link 4 can slidably pass through the transmission frame 3; the other end of the difference link 4 is provided with a fixing nut 6; the difference spring 5 is sleeved on the other end of the difference link 4, and the two ends of the difference spring 5 are tightly pressed against the transmission frame 3 and the fixing nut 6. Through the above structure, when the tensile drive mechanism pulls up the transmission frame 3, the transmission frame 3 transmits power to the multiple differential springs 5. Since the differential springs 5 corresponding to different upper clamps have different elastic forces (for example, different elastic coefficients), the different differential springs 5 will be converted into different forces and transmitted downward to the differential connecting rod, thereby generating different tensile forces, and then completing tensile tests with different tensile forces, which is beneficial to improving test efficiency, simplifying test operations, simplifying structure and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0058] Furthermore, a guide structure is provided between the transmission frame 3 and the chassis 2 , and the guide structure includes a guide rod 7 and a guide sleeve 8 .

[0059] Furthermore, the stretching drive mechanism includes a stretching hydraulic cylinder 15 , and a telescopic rod of the stretching hydraulic cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the transmission frame 3 .

[0060] join Figure 2-4The upper clamp includes an upper clamping seat 9, an upper pull rod 10 and an upper clamping jaw 11. The upper clamping seat 9 is fixedly arranged on the chassis 2 in an inverted manner; the upper end of the upper pull rod 10 is fixedly connected to the driving end of the stretching drive mechanism, and the lower end of the upper pull rod 10 passes through the upper clamping seat 9 and is connected to the upper clamping jaw 11 through a movable connection structure; the upper clamping jaw 11 is connected to the bottom of the upper clamping seat 9 and is provided with an upper dynamic clamping part; the bottom of the upper clamping seat 9 and the position corresponding to the upper dynamic clamping part of the upper clamping jaw 11 are provided with an upper fixed clamping part. Through the above structure, the top of the sample 1 is placed between the upper dynamic clamping part and the upper fixed clamping part. Under the drive of the stretching drive mechanism, the upper pull rod 10 pulls the upper clamping jaw 11 to rotate, so that the upper dynamic clamping part of the upper clamping jaw 11 clamps the top of the sample 1 on the upper fixed clamping part, thereby completing the clamping work and then starting the stretching. The operation is very convenient.

[0061] join Figure 2-4 The lower clamp includes a lower clamping seat 12, a lower pull rod 13, a lower clamping jaw 14 and a lower clamping drive mechanism. The lower clamping seat 12 is fixedly arranged on the chassis 2; the upper end of the lower pull rod 13 passes through the lower clamping seat 12 and is connected to the lower clamping jaw 14 through a movable connection structure; the lower end of the lower pull rod 13 is connected to the driving end of the lower clamping drive mechanism; the lower clamping jaw 14 is rotatably connected to the top of the lower clamping seat 12, and a lower movable clamping part is provided on the lower clamping jaw 14; a lower fixed clamping part is provided at a position corresponding to the lower movable clamping part of the top of the lower clamping seat 12 and the lower movable clamping part of the lower clamping jaw 14. Through the above structure, the top of the sample 1 is placed between the lower movable clamping part and the lower fixed clamping part. Under the drive of the lower clamping drive mechanism, the lower pull rod 13 pulls the lower clamping jaw 14 to rotate, so that the lower movable clamping part of the lower clamping jaw 14 clamps the bottom of the sample 1 on the lower fixed clamping part, thereby completing the clamping work and then starting to stretch. The operation is very convenient.

[0062] join Figure 2-4 The lower clamp driving mechanism includes a lower clamp driving motor 16 and a lower clamp transmission assembly, the lower clamp transmission assembly includes a synchronous wheel assembly and a screw transmission assembly, the synchronous wheel assembly includes a synchronous belt 17 and multiple pulleys 18; the number of the screw transmission assemblies is the same as the number of the lower clamps, and the screw transmission assembly includes a screw and a screw nut; the screw is integrally arranged at the lower end of the lower pull rod 13; the screw nut is composed of a pulley 18 with a spiral structure provided in the inner hole.

[0063] Furthermore, the movable connection structure includes a movable connection hole and a movable connection shaft. The movable connection hole is opened on the upper clamping jaw 11 , and the movable connection shaft is fixedly connected to the upper pull rod 10 .

[0064] join Figure 2-4 The heating mechanism includes a plurality of electric heating rods 19; of course, other heating elements can also be used.

[0065] The LIBS-based high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristic detection device of this embodiment includes a laser module, a spectrum module, a camera, and a processing module; the processing module is electrically connected to the spectrum module and the camera.

[0066] Furthermore, the spectral module is used to receive plasma radiation signals, and the spectral module is connected to an enhanced charge-coupled detector; the working trigger delay between the spectral module and the laser module is controlled by a delay trigger; after the laser pulse is emitted by the laser module, it is vertically focused on the product surface through a reflector and a focusing lens, and the size of the laser spot on the product surface is controlled by adjusting the distance between the focusing lens and the product surface; the image of the laser focus point on the product surface is observed on the processing module through a camera.

[0067] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above content. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be considered as equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristics based on LIBS, characterized in that: Including building a database model and performing online detection based on the database model; The construction of the database model includes the following steps: Prepare samples; prepare multiple metal steel pipe samples made of the same material as the actual product; cut the outer circumference of the metal steel pipe sample so that the sample has multiple cross-sections of different areas; Training samples: Multiple samples are placed in a training chamber of a tensile testing device, and both ends of the samples are clamped on the tensile testing device's stretching mechanism. The training chamber is heated by a heating mechanism to simulate the working conditions of actual products. The stretching mechanism stretches the multiple samples with different tensile forces. When the tensile failure test continues until a sample breaks, the tensile tests of all remaining samples are stopped simultaneously. Take the same sample, change the test temperature, and perform the same tensile test as above; Analyze the sample; remove the sample, perform metallographic microscopic analysis on the surface of multiple different cross-sectional areas of the sample, and obtain analysis results; classify the analysis results into multiple degradation levels; The laser module of the LIBS-based detection device irradiates the sample with laser light. The laser light reflects off the sample and forms corresponding spectral information. This spectral information is received by the spectral module of the detection device. The received spectral information is processed by the processing module and associated with the degradation level of the sample. Constructing a database; classifying and arranging the spectrum-degradation data in an orderly manner, and storing the data; The online detection based on the database model includes the following steps: The surface characteristics of the product are detected by the detection device; after obtaining the spectral information of the product surface, it is compared with the database model in the background to determine the degradation level and obtain the degradation result of the product; The tensile testing device includes a chassis, a heating mechanism and a tensile mechanism; A training cavity is provided inside the chassis; the heating mechanism is arranged in the training cavity; The stretching mechanism includes an upper clamp, a lower clamp and a stretching drive mechanism, wherein the upper clamp and the lower clamp are respectively clamped at both ends of the sample; the drive end of the stretching drive mechanism is connected to the upper clamp; There are at least two upper clamps and two lower clamps; the driving end of the stretching drive mechanism is connected to the upper clamp via a tension difference transmission structure; The tension differential transmission structure includes a transmission frame, a differential connecting rod, and a differential spring; the transmission frame is fixedly connected to the driving end of the tension drive mechanism; the number of the differential connecting rods and the differential springs is the same as the number of the upper clamps; the differential springs corresponding to different upper clamps have different elastic forces; One end of the differential link is fixedly connected to the upper clamp, and the other end of the differential link is slidably passed through the transmission frame; the other end of the differential link is provided with a fixing nut; The differential spring is sleeved on the other end of the differential connecting rod, and both ends of the differential spring are tightly pressed against the transmission frame and the fixing nut.

2. The method for detecting high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristics based on LIBS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper clamp includes an upper clamping seat, an upper pull rod and an upper clamping claw. The upper clamping seat is fixedly arranged on the chassis in an inverted manner. The upper end of the upper pull rod is fixedly connected to the driving end of the stretching drive mechanism. The lower end of the upper pull rod passes through the upper clamping seat and is connected to the upper clamping claw through a movable connection structure. The upper clamping jaw is rotatably connected to the bottom of the upper clamping seat, and an upper movable clamping portion is provided on the upper clamping jaw; an upper fixed clamping portion is provided at a position on the bottom of the upper clamping seat corresponding to the upper movable clamping portion of the upper clamping jaw.

3. The high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristic detection method based on LIBS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower clamp comprises a lower clamping seat, a lower pull rod, a lower clamping claw and a lower clamping drive mechanism, wherein the lower clamping seat is fixedly arranged on the chassis; the upper end of the lower pull rod passes through the lower clamping seat and is connected to the lower clamping claw through a movable connection structure; the lower end of the lower pull rod is connected to the driving end of the lower clamping drive mechanism; The lower clamping jaw is rotatably connected to the top of the lower clamping seat, and a lower movable clamping portion is provided on the lower clamping jaw; a lower fixed clamping portion is provided at a position on the top of the lower clamping seat corresponding to the lower movable clamping portion of the lower clamping jaw.

4. The method for detecting high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristics based on LIBS according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower clamp driving mechanism includes a lower clamp driving motor and a lower clamp transmission assembly, the lower clamp transmission assembly includes a synchronous wheel assembly and a screw transmission assembly, the synchronous wheel assembly includes a synchronous belt and multiple pulleys; the number of the screw transmission assemblies is the same as the number of the lower clamps, and the screw transmission assembly includes a screw and a screw nut; the screw is integrally arranged at the lower end of the lower pull rod; the screw nut is composed of a pulley with a spiral structure in the inner hole.

5. The method for detecting high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristics based on LIBS according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable connection structure includes a movable connection hole and a movable connection shaft. The movable connection hole is opened on the upper clamping jaw, and the movable connection shaft is fixedly connected to the upper pull rod.

6. The method for detecting high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristics based on LIBS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating mechanism includes a plurality of electric heating rods.

7. A high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristics detection device using the high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristics detection method based on LIBS according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Includes laser module, spectral module, camera and processing module; The processing module is electrically connected to the spectrum module and the camera.

8. The high-temperature and high-pressure metal degradation characteristic detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spectrum module is used to receive plasma radiation signals, and the spectrum module is connected to an enhanced charge coupled detector; The working trigger delay between the spectrum module and the laser module is controlled by a delay trigger; After the laser pulse is emitted by the laser module, it is focused vertically on the product surface through the reflector and focusing lens. The size of the laser spot on the product surface is controlled by adjusting the distance between the focusing lens and the product surface; the image of the laser focus on the product surface is observed on the processing module through the camera.

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