Greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship and a ship equipped with the same

Abstract

Disclosed is a greenhouse gas reduction device for a ship, including: a seawater supply part (110) that supplies seawater; an absorbent liquid manufacturing part (120) that manufactures and supplies a high-concentration CO2 absorbent liquid; an absorption tower (130) that is formed with a CO2 removal part (131) that causes exhaust gas discharged from a ship engine (10) to react with seawater supplied from the seawater supply part (110) and to cool, causes the cooled exhaust gas to react with the absorbent liquid from the absorbent liquid manufacturing part (120), and removes CO2 by converting the CO2 into an aqueous ammonium salt solution; and an absorbent liquid regeneration part (150) that is composed of a primary regeneration part (140) that causes the aqueous ammonium salt solution discharged from the absorption tower (130) to react with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution to regenerate the absorbent liquid once, and a secondary regeneration part (150) that causes the unreacted aqueous ammonium salt solution from the primary regeneration part (140) to react with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution to regenerate the high-concentration absorbent liquid, and circulates and supplies the regenerated high-concentration absorbent liquid to the absorption tower (130) to be reused as the absorbent liquid; wherein the recovery rate of the absorbent liquid is increased to maintain a predetermined concentration, and the absorbent performance is prevented from being degraded.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship, which is capable of removing unreacted aqueous ammonium salt solution remaining in ammonia water by configuring an absorbent solution regenerating section in two or more stages, thereby maintaining the concentration of ammonia water at a predetermined level, improving the recovery rate of the absorbent solution, and preventing the ship from having a low greenhouse gas absorption performance, and a ship equipped with the same.

[0002] In addition, the present invention relates to a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship, which is capable of cooling exhaust gas by means of heat exchange to prevent a decrease in the concentration of an absorbent solution, removing unreacted aqueous ammonium salt solution remaining in ammonia water by configuring an absorbent solution regenerating section in two or more stages, thereby improving the recovery rate of the absorbent solution, and preventing the ship from having a low greenhouse gas absorption performance, and a ship equipped with the same. BACKGROUND

[0003] Recently, due to the influence of greenhouse gas emissions caused by indiscriminate use of fossil fuels, global warming phenomena and environmental disasters associated therewith are occurring.

[0004] Accordingly, a series of technologies related to capturing and storing carbon dioxide, which is a typical greenhouse gas, rather than releasing it, are referred to as CCS (Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage) technologies, and have recently received much attention. Among the CCS technologies, the chemical absorption method is the most widely used technology because it can be used for large-scale processing.

[0005] As a reference, CO2 capture technologies in CCS technologies that directly capture and store carbon dioxide can be variously approached depending on the CO2 generation conditions of the target process, and representative technologies currently include absorption methods, adsorption methods, and membrane separation methods. Among these, the wet absorption method is highly mature in terms of land-based plants, and is easy to process a large amount of CO2, and can be said to be the closest capture technology to commercialization of CCS technologies. As an absorbent, mainly amine series and ammonia are used.

[0006] On the other hand, there are currently no commercialized cases of technologies for reducing carbon dioxide emissions or capturing already generated carbon dioxide in ships, and methods of using hydrogen or ammonia as fuel are currently under development and have not yet reached a commercialization level.

[0007] In addition, the necessity of applying a technology for preventing a decrease in the absorption performance of an absorbent solution due to a change in the concentration of the absorbent solution by absorbing CO2, which is a greenhouse gas, from exhaust gas discharged from a ship engine using the absorbent solution, converting it into a substance that does not affect the environment and discharging it, or converting it into a useful substance, to a ship is proposed.

[0008] In addition, in order to make SO XThe necessity of applying a technology for preventing lowering of the concentration of the absorbent liquid due to cooling of the exhaust gas by means of seawater and preventing lowering of the absorption performance due to concentration variation caused by repeated circulation of the absorbent liquid to a ship is proposed for a ship using LNG or low-sulfur oil as fuel, which is capable of absorbing CO2 in the exhaust gas discharged from the engine of the ship with an absorbent liquid, converting the CO2 into a substance that does not affect the environment and discharging the substance or storing the substance as a useful substance. SUMMARY

[0009] PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship, which is capable of preventing lowering of the concentration of the absorbent liquid due to cooling of the exhaust gas by means of seawater and preventing lowering of the absorption performance due to concentration variation caused by repeated circulation of the absorbent liquid, and a ship equipped with the same, in which the absorbent liquid regeneration section is configured in two or more stages to remove unreacted aqueous ammonium salt solution remaining in the aqueous ammonia, and the concentration of the aqueous ammonia can be maintained at a predetermined level to improve the recovery rate of the absorbent liquid.

[0011] In addition, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship, which is capable of preventing lowering of the concentration of the absorbent liquid due to cooling of the exhaust gas by means of seawater and preventing lowering of the absorption performance due to concentration variation caused by repeated circulation of the absorbent liquid, and a ship equipped with the same, in which the absorbent liquid regeneration section is configured in two or more stages to remove unreacted aqueous ammonium salt solution remaining in the aqueous ammonia, and the concentration of the absorbent liquid can be maintained at a predetermined level to improve the recovery rate of the absorbent liquid.

[0012] TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0013] To achieve the foregoing object, the present invention provides a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship, comprising: a seawater supply section that supplies seawater; an absorbent liquid manufacturing section that manufactures and supplies a high-concentration CO2 absorbent liquid; an absorption tower that is formed with a CO2 removal section that causes exhaust gas discharged from an engine of the ship to react with and be cooled by seawater supplied from the seawater supply section, causes the cooled exhaust gas to react with the absorbent liquid from the absorbent liquid manufacturing section, and removes CO2 by converting the CO2 into an aqueous ammonium salt solution; an absorbent liquid concentration adjustment section that adjusts the concentration of the absorbent liquid supplied from the absorbent liquid manufacturing section to the absorption tower; and an absorbent liquid regeneration section that includes a primary regeneration section that causes the aqueous ammonium salt solution discharged from the absorption tower to react with an aqueous divalent metal hydroxide solution to regenerate the absorbent liquid once, and a secondary regeneration section that causes unreacted aqueous ammonium salt solution from the primary regeneration section to react with the aqueous divalent metal hydroxide solution to regenerate the high-concentration absorbent liquid, and circulates and supplies the regenerated high-concentration absorbent liquid to the absorption tower to be reused as the absorbent liquid.

[0014] Additionally, the absorbent regeneration section may include: a storage tank storing the aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide; a primary regeneration section comprising a mixing tank and a primary filter, wherein the mixing tank agitates the ammonium salt aqueous solution and the aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide discharged from the absorption tower to generate NH3(g) and carbonate, and the primary filter absorbs the solution and precipitate from the mixing tank to separate carbonate; and a secondary regeneration section comprising a primary absorbent storage tank, a secondary filter, and a secondary absorbent storage tank, wherein the primary absorbent storage tank stores ammonia or unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution separated by the primary filter, and the aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide and the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution from the storage tank are reacted again, the secondary filter absorbs the solution and precipitate from the primary absorbent storage tank to separate carbonate and high-concentration ammonia, and the secondary absorbent storage tank stores the high-concentration ammonia separated by the secondary filter.

[0015] In addition, the storage capacity of the primary absorbent storage tank can be more than three times the absorbent capacity of the circulating absorbent tower and the absorbent regeneration section.

[0016] Additionally, the primary absorbent storage tank may include: a stirrer that stirs and reacts the aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide and the aqueous solution of ammonia or unreacted ammonium salt separated by the primary filter; and a pH sensor that measures the degree of reaction by the stirrer.

[0017] In addition, the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the storage tank can be Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2 generated by reacting water with CaO or MgO.

[0018] Alternatively, the ammonia or purified water separated by the secondary filter can be supplied to the secondary absorbent storage tank, or the excess purified water generated by the mixing tank relative to the total circulating purified water can be stored in the purified water tank and reused when the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution is generated in the storage tank.

[0019] In addition, the absorption tower may also include SO X Absorption section, the SO X The absorption section reacts the exhaust gas from the ship's engine with seawater supplied from the seawater supply section, dissolving and removing SOx while cooling it. The CO2 removal section further removes SOx. X The exhaust gas reacts with and is cooled by the seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

[0020] In addition, the absorption tower may also include NO. X The absorption section, the NO X The absorption section absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine. X The CO2 removal unit can remove NO X The exhaust gas reacts with and is cooled by the seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

[0021] In addition, the absorption tower can be stacked sequentially to form NO X Absorption section, SO X The absorption section and the CO2 removal section, wherein NO X The absorption section absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine. X The SO X The absorption section removes NO. X The exhaust gas reacts with and is cooled by seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit, dissolving and removing SO₂. X The CO2 removal unit removes SO2. X The waste gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

[0022] In addition, the NH3 regenerated by means of the absorbent regeneration section is returned to the absorption tower, converted into absorbent for reuse, and the NO... X The absorption section can absorb NO using NH3 that has been regenerated by the absorption liquid regeneration section. X Alternatively, use urea solution to absorb NO. X .

[0023] Additionally, the seawater supply unit may include a seawater pump that receives seawater from outside the ship via a seabed suction tank and pumps it into the SO2 system. X An absorption section; and a seawater regulating valve, which adjusts the supply of seawater from the seawater pump to the SO2 based on the amount of waste gas. X The amount of seawater ejected from the absorption section.

[0024] Additionally, the absorbent manufacturing unit may include: a clean water tank storing clean water; a clean water regulating valve supplying clean water from the clean water tank; an NH3 storage tank storing high-pressure NH3; an ammonia tank spraying NH3 supplied from the NH3 storage tank into the clean water supplied by the clean water regulating valve to prepare and store high-concentration ammonia water as the absorbent; a pH sensor measuring the ammonia water concentration in the ammonia water tank; and an ammonia water supply pump supplying ammonia water from the ammonia water tank to the secondary absorbent storage tank.

[0025] It may also include an ammonia circulation pump that circulates ammonia from the secondary absorbent storage tank to the absorber tower.

[0026] In addition, the SO X The absorption section may include: a multi-segment seawater jet nozzle that sprays seawater supplied from the seawater supply section downwards; and a partition-shaped exhaust gas inlet pipe or an umbrella-shaped cut-off plate covering the exhaust gas inlet pipe to prevent backflow of cleaning water.

[0027] In addition, a porous upper plate can be formed in multiple sections at the lower part of the seawater jet nozzle. The porous upper plate forms a flow path for the exhaust gas to pass through, so that the seawater and the exhaust gas can come into contact.

[0028] Additionally, an absorption device filled with a material that allows seawater to contact the exhaust gas can be formed at the lower part of the seawater jet nozzle, thereby enabling the seawater to dissolve SO₂. X .

[0029] Additionally, the CO2 removal unit may include: an ammonia injection nozzle that sprays absorbent supplied from the absorbent regeneration unit downwards; a filling material that brings CO2 into contact with the ammonia, which serves as the absorbent, converting CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq); a cooling sleeve formed in multiple sections in each section of the absorption device filled with the filling material to cool the heat generated by the CO2 removal reaction; a water sprayer that captures NH3 that is discharged to the outside without reacting with CO2; a demister plate formed in a tortuous multi-plate shape to allow ammonia to return towards the filling material; a partition wall formed to prevent backflow of ammonia; and a cut-off plate in the shape of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet surrounded by the partition wall.

[0030] In addition, the packing material may be composed of multi-segment distillation column packing designed to increase the contact area per unit volume, and a solution redistributor may be formed between the distillation column packing.

[0031] Additionally, the absorption tower may also include EGE, wherein the EGE is in the NO X The absorption section and the SO X The absorption sections are formed between each other, allowing the waste heat from the ship's engine to exchange heat with the boiler water.

[0032] Additionally, it may include a discharge section comprising a cleaning water tank, a water treatment device, and a mud storage tank. The cleaning water tank stores the cleaning water discharged from the absorption tower. The water treatment device includes a turbidity-adjusting filtration unit and a pH-adjusting neutralizing agent injection unit so that the cleaning water transferred to the cleaning water tank by means of a transfer pump meets the conditions for discharge offboard. The mud storage tank separately stores solid discharge materials.

[0033] On the other hand, the present invention can provide a ship equipped with the greenhouse gas emission reduction devices listed above.

[0034] To achieve the aforementioned other objective, the present invention provides a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship, comprising: an exhaust gas cooling section for cooling exhaust gas discharged from a ship's engine; an absorbent manufacturing section for manufacturing and supplying a high-concentration CO2 absorbent; an absorption tower having a CO2 removal section that reacts exhaust gas cooled by means of the exhaust gas cooling section with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing section to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2; an absorbent concentration regulating section for regulating the concentration of the absorbent supplied from the absorbent manufacturing section to the absorption tower; and an absorbent regeneration section comprising a primary regeneration section for reacting an ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution to regenerate the absorbent, and a secondary regeneration section for reacting unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution from the primary regeneration section with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution to regenerate a high-concentration absorbent, and circulating it to the absorption tower for reuse as absorbent.

[0035] In addition, the ship's engine can use LNG or low-sulfur oil as fuel.

[0036] A greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship, comprising:

[0037] In addition, the exhaust gas cooling section can utilize heat exchange piping surrounding the exhaust gas discharge pipe to circulate clean water supplied from the ship's internal cooling system, thereby cooling the exhaust gas to a temperature of 27°C to 33°C.

[0038] Additionally, the absorbent regeneration section may include: a storage tank storing the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution; a primary regeneration section comprising a mixing tank and a primary filter, wherein the mixing tank agitates the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower and the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution from the storage tank to generate NH3(g) and carbonate, and the primary filter absorbs the solution and precipitate from the mixing tank to separate carbonate; and a secondary regeneration section comprising a primary absorbent storage tank, a secondary filter, and a secondary absorbent storage tank, wherein the primary absorbent storage tank stores ammonia or unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution separated by the primary filter, and the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution and unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution from the storage tank are reacted again, the secondary filter absorbs the solution and precipitate from the primary absorbent storage tank to separate carbonate and high-concentration ammonia, and the secondary absorbent storage tank stores the high-concentration ammonia separated by the secondary filter.

[0039] In addition, the storage capacity of the primary absorbent storage tank can be more than three times the absorbent capacity that circulates through the absorbent circulation pipeline between the absorbent tower and the absorbent regeneration section.

[0040] Additionally, the primary absorbent storage tank may include: a stirrer that agitates and reacts the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution and the ammonia or unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution separated by the primary filter from the storage tank; and a pH sensor that measures the degree of reaction by the stirrer.

[0041] In addition, the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the storage tank can be Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2 generated by reacting water with CaO or MgO.

[0042] Alternatively, the ammonia or purified water separated by the secondary filter can be supplied to the secondary absorbent storage tank, or the excess purified water generated by the mixing tank relative to the total circulating purified water can be stored in the purified water tank and reused when the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution is generated in the storage tank.

[0043] In addition, the absorption tower may also include NO. X The absorption section, the NO X The absorption section absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine. X The CO2 removal unit removes the NO. X The exhaust gas, cooled by the exhaust gas cooling section, reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing section to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

[0044] Additionally, the absorbent regeneration section can regenerate NH3 and return it to the absorption tower for reuse as absorbent. The NO... X The absorption section can absorb NO using NH3 supplied from the absorbent regeneration section. X Alternatively, urea solution can be used to absorb and remove NO. X .

[0045] Additionally, the absorbent manufacturing unit may include: a clean water tank storing clean water; a clean water regulating valve regulating the supply of clean water from the clean water tank; an NH3 storage tank storing high-pressure NH3; an ammonia tank spraying NH3 supplied from the NH3 storage tank into the clean water supplied via the clean water regulating valve to prepare and store high-concentration ammonia water as the absorbent; a pH sensor measuring the ammonia water concentration in the ammonia water tank; and an ammonia water supply pump supplying ammonia water from the ammonia water tank to the secondary absorbent storage tank.

[0046] Additionally, it may include an ammonia circulation pump that circulates ammonia from the secondary absorbent storage tank to the absorption tower.

[0047] Additionally, the CO2 removal unit may include: an ammonia injection nozzle that sprays absorbent supplied from the absorbent regeneration unit downwards; a filling material that brings CO2 into contact with the ammonia, which serves as the absorbent, converting CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq); a cooling sleeve formed in multiple sections in each section of the absorption device filled with the filling material to cool the heat generated by the CO2 removal reaction; a water sprayer that captures NH3 that is discharged to the outside without reacting with CO2; a demister plate formed in a tortuous multi-plate shape to allow ammonia to return towards the filling material; a partition wall formed to prevent ammonia leakage; and a cut-off plate in the shape of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet surrounded by the partition wall.

[0048] In addition, the packing material may be composed of multi-segment distillation column packing designed to increase the contact area per unit volume, and a solution redistributor may be formed between the distillation column packing.

[0049] Additionally, the absorption tower may also include EGE, wherein the EGE is in the NO X An absorption section is formed between the exhaust gas cooling section and the exhaust gas cooling section, so that the waste heat from the exhaust gas of the ship engine exchanges heat with the boiler water.

[0050] On the other hand, the present invention can provide a ship equipped with the greenhouse gas emission reduction devices listed above.

[0051] Technical effect

[0052] According to the present invention, the effect is that by configuring the absorbent regeneration section into two or more stages to remove the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution remaining in the ammonia water, the concentration of ammonia water can be maintained at a predetermined level, thereby improving the recovery rate of the absorbent and preventing low greenhouse gas absorption performance.

[0053] In addition, according to the present invention, the application of a pressurization system can prevent the loss of absorbent due to the natural evaporation of high-concentration absorbent.

[0054] Furthermore, according to the present invention, the advantages are that it converts substances that do not have an impact on the environment and separates them for discharge or converts them into useful substances for storage, so as to meet IMO greenhouse gas emission limits; it regenerates NH3 to minimize the relatively expensive consumption of NH3; it can reduce the capacity of the downstream section of the filter; it stores greenhouse gases in the form of carbonates existing in a natural state, enabling discharge at sea; and it removes SO2 residues remaining during NH3 regeneration. X The resulting side reactions minimize NH3 loss, ensuring that ammonia recovery is free of impurities.

[0055] In addition, according to the present invention, the effect is that by cooling the exhaust gas through heat exchange, the concentration of the absorbent liquid is prevented from becoming too low, thus preventing a decline in the absorption performance of greenhouse gases.

[0056] In addition, according to the present invention, the advantages are that by configuring the absorbent regeneration section into two or more stages to remove the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution remaining in the ammonia water, the recovery rate of the absorbent is improved, and by using a pressurization system, the loss of absorbent due to the natural evaporation of NH3 in the high-concentration absorbent is prevented, thus preventing low greenhouse gas absorption performance.

[0057] Furthermore, the process involves converting NH3 into substances that do not harm the environment and separating them for discharge or converting them into useful substances for storage to meet IMO greenhouse gas emission limits. This minimizes the relatively expensive consumption of NH3 through NH3 regeneration, reduces the capacity of the filter's downstream section, and stores greenhouse gases as naturally occurring carbonates, enabling discharge at sea. It also removes NO residue remaining after NH3 regeneration. X or SO X The resulting side reactions minimize NH3 loss, ensuring that ammonia recovery is free of impurities. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 The illustration shows a schematic configuration diagram of a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 2 The illustration shows Figure 1System loop diagram of greenhouse gas emission reduction devices for ships.

[0060] Figure 3 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 2 The seawater supply section of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device.

[0061] Figure 4 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 2 The absorbent manufacturing and absorbent regeneration sections of the greenhouse gas emission reduction devices for ships.

[0062] Figure 5 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 2 The absorption tower of the greenhouse gas emission reduction device on the ship.

[0063] Figure 6 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 5 SO absorption tower X Absorption section.

[0064] Figure 7 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 2 The steam generation and discharge sections of the greenhouse gas emission reduction device on the ship.

[0065] Figure 8 An exemplary illustration shows the application of Figure 2 A variety of filling materials for greenhouse gas emission reduction devices on ships.

[0066] Figure 9 An exemplary illustration shows the application of Figure 2 The ammonia injection nozzles of the greenhouse gas emission reduction device on the ship.

[0067] Figure 10 The illustration shows a schematic configuration diagram of a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 11 The illustration shows Figure 10 Another embodiment of the system loop diagram of a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship.

[0069] Figure 12 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 11 Another embodiment of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device includes an exhaust gas cooling section and an absorption tower.

[0070] Figure 13 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 11 Another embodiment of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device includes an absorbent manufacturing section and an absorbent regeneration section.

[0071] Figure 14 The diagram shows the separation. Figure 11 Another embodiment of the steam generation section of a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship.

[0072] Figure 15 An exemplary illustration shows the application of Figure 11 Another embodiment of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device uses a variety of filling materials.

[0073] Figure 16 An exemplary illustration shows the application of Figure 11 Another embodiment of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device uses an ammonia water injection nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can readily implement the invention. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0075] If reference Figure 1 The essence of a greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention is that it includes: a seawater supply unit 110, which supplies seawater; an absorbent liquid manufacturing unit 120, which manufactures and supplies a high-concentration CO2 absorbent liquid; and an absorption tower 130, which has a CO2 removal unit 131, wherein the CO2 removal unit 131 reacts and cools exhaust gas discharged from the ship's engine 10 with seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit 110, and then reacts the cooled exhaust gas with the absorbent liquid from the absorbent liquid manufacturing unit 120 to convert CO2 into CO2. The CO2 is removed by replacing the ammonium salt aqueous solution; and the absorbent regeneration section 150 is composed of a primary regeneration section 140, which regenerates the absorbent by reacting the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower 130 with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, and a secondary regeneration section 150, which regenerates the high-concentration absorbent by reacting the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution from the primary regeneration section 140 with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, and circulates it back to the absorption tower 130 for reuse as absorbent; wherein, the recovery rate of the absorbent is improved while maintaining a predetermined concentration to prevent low absorption performance.

[0076] Depending on the type and specifications of the ship's engine used as the main engine or power generation engine (low-pressure engine or high-pressure engine), and the type of fuel supplied to the ship's engine (HFO, MDO, LNG, MGO, LSMGO, ammonia, etc.), the absorption tower, in addition to the CO2 removal section, may selectively include NO removal. X Absorption section or SO X It is composed of an absorption section, or is composed entirely of it.

[0077] Especially when using low-sulfur fuel oil (LSMGO) as marine engine fuel, additional equipment can be added that can simultaneously perform exhaust gas cooling and SO2 desulfurization. X SO2 removal by dissolution and absorption X Absorption section.

[0078] The following describes the formation of NO in the absorption tower through sequential stacking. X Absorption section, SO X Examples of absorption sections and CO2 removal sections are provided, but are not limited to these. As mentioned above, NO... X Absorption section and / or SO X Whether or not an absorption unit is equipped depends on the type of ship engine and fuel.

[0079] The following reference Figures 1 to 9 The composition of the greenhouse gas emission reduction device of the aforementioned ship is described in detail.

[0080] First, the seawater supply unit 110 supplies seawater to the absorption tower 130 to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas, so that the CO2 absorption by means of the absorption liquid can proceed smoothly.

[0081] Specifically, the seawater supply department 110, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it can be composed of a seawater pump 111 and a seawater regulating valve 112. The seawater pump 111 draws in and receives supplied seawater from outside the ship through a sea chest (not shown in the figure), and pumps it to the SO2 absorption tower 130. X The absorption section 132, wherein the seawater regulating valve 112 adjusts the flow of seawater to SO2 according to the amount of waste gas. X The absorption section 132 supplies seawater in jet volume. The seawater pump 111 can also be separated into a suction pump for drawing seawater from outside the ship and a pump for drawing and transferring seawater to SO2. X The absorption section 132 consists of a seawater transfer pump.

[0082] For reference, depending on whether the ship is docked or at sea, seawater pump 111 can be selectively supplied with seawater from either a high-level seawater suction tank (for suction of upper water) or a low-level seawater suction tank (for suction of lower water) based on the water depth. That is, when the ship is docked, the upper water is cleaner than the lower water, so the high-level seawater suction tank can be used; when the ship is at sea, the lower water is cleaner than the upper water, so the low-level seawater suction tank can be used.

[0083] The seawater regulating valve 112 can be a manually operated diaphragm valve or a solenoid valve for regulating seawater flow, but it is not limited to these. Any type of valve can be used as long as it can adjust the amount of seawater injected through the seawater jet nozzle 132a according to the amount of exhaust gas.

[0084] Then, the absorbent manufacturing unit 120, as shown in [Chemical Formula 1] below, reacts fresh water with NH3 to produce high-concentration ammonia water (NH4OH(aq)) as a high-concentration CO2 absorbent, which is then supplied to the absorption tower 130 via the secondary absorbent storage tank 153.

[0085] [Chemical Formula 1]

[0086]

[0087] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the absorbent manufacturing unit 120 may include: a clean water tank (not shown) storing clean water; a clean water regulating valve 121 supplying clean water from the clean water tank to an ammonia tank 123; an NH3 storage tank 122 storing high-pressure NH3; an ammonia tank 123 spraying NH3 supplied from the NH3 storage tank 122 into the clean water supplied by means of the clean water regulating valve 121 to prepare and store high-concentration ammonia; a pH sensor 124 measuring the ammonia concentration in the ammonia tank 123; and an ammonia supply pump 125 supplying high-concentration ammonia from the ammonia tank 123 to a secondary absorbent storage tank 153.

[0088] The concentration of ammonia in the circulating absorber 130 and the absorbent regeneration section 140 changes as operation continues. For example, when NH3 is supplied to NO... X The absorption section 133 is used for absorption and removal, or NH3 passes through the absorption tower 130 and is discharged with the waste gas, so the concentration of ammonia water is low. In the case of low concentration, the absorbent production section 120 supplies high-concentration ammonia water to the ammonia water circulation pipeline A (refer to...). Figure 1 This compensates for the low ammonia concentration, thereby maintaining the designed ammonia concentration.

[0089] On the other hand, at the same temperature, the partial pressure of NH3(g) is higher in high-concentration ammonia solution compared to low-concentration ammonia solution. Under atmospheric pressure, NH3 evaporates more easily, resulting in increased loss. Therefore, to store high-concentration ammonia solution, the temperature should be lowered and the system should be operated under pressure to increase solubility and reduce the vapor pressure of NH3(g).

[0090] That is, in order to prevent NH3(g) from evaporating into the atmosphere, compressed air at a predetermined pressure can be injected into the ammonia tank 123 to maintain the pressure inside the ammonia tank 123 at a high pressure state and prevent NH3 from evaporating and being lost.

[0091] For example, NH3 can be stored in a liquid state at -34°C and 8.5 bar, so 7 bar compressed air available on board can be used to maintain the internal pressure of ammonia tank 123 and store 50% concentration ammonia in ammonia tank 123.

[0092] Additionally, a safety valve 123a can be installed to prevent overpressure in the ammonia tank 123.

[0093] Then, a CO2 removal section 131 is formed in the absorption tower 130. The CO2 removal section 131 reacts and cools the exhaust gas discharged from the ship engine 10 with seawater supplied from the seawater supply section 110. The CO2 in the cooled exhaust gas reacts with ammonia water, which is the absorbent, from the absorbent liquid manufacturing section 120. As shown in the following [Chemical Formula 2], the CO2 is converted into an ammonium salt aqueous solution (NH4HCO3(aq)) and CO2 is removed.

[0094] [Chemical Formula 2]

[0095]

[0096] Specifically, CO2 removal section 131, such as Figure 3 As shown, the device may include: an ammonia spray nozzle 131a, which sprays ammonia water supplied from the secondary absorbent storage tank 153 downwards; a packing material 131b, which brings the CO2 in the exhaust gas into contact with the ammonia water, which serves as the absorbent, to convert the CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq); a cooling jacket (not shown in the figure), which is formed in multiple sections in each section of the absorption device filled with the packing material 131b to cool the heat generated by the CO2 absorption reaction; a water sprayer 131c, which captures NH3 that is discharged to the outside without reacting with CO2; a demister plate 131d, which is formed in a tortuous multi-plate shape to return the ammonia water sprayed by the ammonia spray nozzle 131a back towards the packing material 131b; and a partition wall 131e, which is formed to prevent the ammonia water passing through the packing material 131b from flowing back into the SO42-O2 ... X Absorption section 132; and cutting plate 131f, the cutting plate 131f being in the shape of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet surrounded by partition wall 131e.

[0097] Among them, the cooling jacket can cool to 30°C to 50°C, where the material transfer is most efficient, so that the CO2 absorption rate is maintained at a certain level while preventing NH3 from being vaporized and lost.

[0098] On the other hand, the CO2 removal unit 131 can be configured in various ways to increase the contact area between the exhaust gas and NH3 while operating within the allowable pressure drop of the exhaust pipe required by engine specifications. For example, the packing material 131b can be composed of multi-stage distillation tower packing designed to increase the contact area per unit volume. The contact area per unit area, gas pressure drop, and air velocity can be considered to select a suitable configuration. Figure 8 The packing material of the distillation column in the absorption process shown is, for example... Figure 9 As shown, the ammonia spray nozzle 131a can be configured as either a ladder pipe (a) or a sprayer (b).

[0099] Additionally, a solution redistributor (not shown in the figure) can be formed between the distillation column packing material, where ammonia water flows downward through the packing material 131b and exhaust gas flows upward through the packing material 131b to contact each other in order to prevent channeling.

[0100] In addition, the demister plate 131d causes the scattered ammonia water to adhere to the tortuous multi-plate, increasing the size of the droplets, which then drain towards the filling material 131b by their own weight.

[0101] On the other hand, SO can be eliminated when using LNG as fuel. X The amount generated, but if the ship engine 10 uses low-sulfur oil as fuel, the absorber 130 can be additionally equipped with SO. X Absorption section 132.

[0102] That is, SO X The absorption section 132 can dissolve and remove SO₂ while reacting and cooling the exhaust gas from the ship engine 10 with seawater supplied from the seawater supply section 110. X The CO2 removal unit 131 can remove SO2. X The exhaust gas reacts with seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit 110 and is cooled, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit 120 to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution, thereby absorbing and removing CO2.

[0103] Specifically, SO X The absorber section 132 is the section that first comes into contact with seawater, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, it may include: a multi-segment seawater jet nozzle 132a, which jets seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit 110 downwards to dissolve SO2. X Removes soot dust; and has a partition-shaped exhaust gas inlet pipe 132b or an umbrella-shaped cut-off plate 132c covering the exhaust gas inlet pipe 132b to prevent backflow of cleaning water.

[0104] On the other hand, the exhaust gas temperature can also be cooled to the 27°C to 33°C required by the CO2 removal section 131, preferably to around 30°C, via seawater jet nozzle 132a or other cooling sleeves (not shown in the figure). Figure 6 As shown in (a), multiple sections of the lower part of the seawater jet nozzle 132a are respectively formed with porous upper plates 132d. The porous upper plates 132d form flow paths for exhaust gas to pass through, so that the seawater and exhaust gas can come into smooth contact, or as shown in (a). Figure 6 As shown in (b), an absorption device 132e filled with a filling material that brings seawater into contact with exhaust gas is formed in the lower part of the seawater jet nozzle 132a, so that the seawater dissolves SO2. X .

[0105] On the other hand, in order to further improve SO X The solubility of SO can be determined by the ratio of SO to SO. X The absorption unit 132 is composed of a closed loop system in which a compound that forms an alkaline ion, such as NaOH or MgO, is added to the seawater supplied by the absorption unit.

[0106] For reference, although closed-loop systems involve additional consumption of alkaline chemicals, they have the advantage of requiring a smaller volume of circulating seawater, only spraying seawater and dissolving SO₂. X An open-loop system that discharges to the outside of the ship has the advantage of simplification by eliminating the need for additional alkaline chemicals. To maximize this advantage, it can also be constructed as a hybrid system that combines open and closed loops.

[0107] Therefore, through SO X Absorption section 132 first removes SO X Then, CO2 is removed by the CO2 removal unit 131, SO X The solubility increases, first transforming into compounds such as Na₂SO₃, which can solve the problem until SO₂ is reached. X This addresses the challenge of removing CO2 before it was fully dissolved, improving CO2 solubility and CO2 removal efficiency.

[0108] Among them, by means of SO X Absorption section 132 absorbs SO X The washing water discharged into the outlet 170 also contains SO3. - SO4 2- Carbon soot, NaSO3, NaSO4, MgCO3, MgSO4 and other ionic compounds.

[0109] On the other hand, as mentioned earlier, the absorption tower 130 may also include NO. XAbsorption section 133, the NO X The absorption section 133 absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship engine 10. X It can remove NO X The exhaust gas reacts with seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit 110 and is cooled, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit 120 to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

[0110] That is, the absorption tower 130 is formed by stacking NO in the vertical direction. X Absorption section 133, SO X The absorption section 132 and the CO2 removal section 131 sequentially absorb and remove NO. X SO X and CO2, wherein the NO X The absorption section 133 absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship engine 10. X The SO X The absorption section 132 removes NO X The waste gas reacts with seawater and is cooled, dissolving and removing SO2. X The CO2 removal unit 131 removes SO2. X The cooled exhaust gas reacts with ammonia water supplied from the absorbent manufacturing section 120 to convert CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq) and remove CO2.

[0111] Therefore, the CO2 removal unit 131 removes NO from the preceding part. X and SO X The waste gas is first removed by reacting with ammonia water. In the CO2 removal process, no NO reaction occurs. X and SO X The resulting side reactions can minimize the occurrence of impurities, and in subsequent processes, NH4HCO3 with fewer impurities can be obtained.

[0112] The absorption tower 130 may include a CO2 removal unit 131 and an SO2 removal unit 132. X Absorption section 132, NO X The absorption section 133 and the EGE 134 described later can be composed of individual modules to achieve modular combination, or they can be integrated in a single tower form. The absorption tower 130 itself can also be composed of a single tower or a group of multiple towers.

[0113] Specifically, NO X The absorber 133 serves as an SCR (Selective Catalyst Reactor), such as Figure 5As shown, NH3 can be directly supplied from the primary regeneration unit 140 via a blower 133a or a compressor using the first NH3 injection nozzle 133b. Alternatively, when NH3 is insufficient, urea water (UREA) from the urea water storage tank 133c can be supplied via the urea water supply pump 133d using the second NH3 injection nozzle 133e to compensate for the deficiency.

[0114] On the other hand, if urea water is decomposed, NH3 and CO2 are produced, so it is recommended to directly supply NH3 to reduce CO2 generation.

[0115] Additionally, the absorption tower 130 may also include an EGE (Exhaust Gas Economizer) 134, wherein the EGE is used in NO... X Absorption section 133 and SO X The absorption section 132 is formed between the two sections, allowing the waste heat from the ship engine 10 to exchange heat with the boiler water.

[0116] Then, the absorbent regeneration section can regenerate NH3, which is then returned to absorber 130 for reuse as CO2 absorbent. This allows CO2 to be stored or discharged off-board in the form of CaCO3(s) or MgCO3(s) carbonates, or supplied to NO. X Absorption section 133 uses NH3 to absorb NO X .

[0117] That is, the absorbent regeneration section consists of a primary regeneration section 140, which regenerates the absorbent by reacting the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower 130 with the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, and a secondary regeneration section 150, which regenerates the high-concentration absorbent by reacting the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution from the primary regeneration section 140 with the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, and then recycles it back to the absorption tower 130 for reuse as absorbent. This improves the absorbent recovery rate while maintaining a predetermined concentration. As described above, NH3 is supplied to NO. X The absorption section 132' is used for absorption and removal, or NH3 passes through the absorption tower 130' and is discharged with the exhaust gas, which can effectively prevent the absorption performance from being low when the concentration of ammonia water is low.

[0118] Specifically, the absorbent regeneration section, such as Figure 4As shown, the system may include: a storage tank 141 storing an aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide; a primary regeneration unit 140, comprising a mixing tank 142 and a primary filter 143, wherein the mixing tank 142 stirs the ammonium salt aqueous solution and the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower to generate NH3(g) and carbonate as shown below [Chemical Formula 3], and the primary filter 143 absorbs the solution and precipitate from the mixing tank 142 to separate carbonate and ammonia water (or water); and a secondary regeneration unit 150, comprising a primary absorbent storage tank 151, a secondary filter 152, a secondary absorbent storage tank 153, and an ammonia water circulation pump. The system comprises 154, wherein the primary absorbent storage tank 151 stores ammonia water separated by means of a primary filter 143 and unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution remaining after not reacting with the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, and allows the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution and unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution from the storage tank 141 to react again; the secondary filter 152 absorbs the solution and precipitate from the primary absorbent storage tank 151 to separate carbonate and high-concentration ammonia water and is designed to correspond to the capacity of the primary absorbent storage tank 151; the secondary absorbent storage tank 153 stores high-concentration ammonia water separated by means of the secondary filter 152; and the ammonia water circulation pump 154 ​​draws and circulates ammonia water from the secondary absorbent storage tank 153 to the CO2 removal unit 131.

[0119] [Chemical Formula 3]

[0120]

[0121] The storage capacity of the primary absorbent storage tank 151 is designed to be more than three times the absorbent capacity of the circulating absorption tower 130 and the circulating absorbent regeneration section. Compared with the circulating absorbent capacity, it has a relatively large capacity, which can increase the residence time of the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution in the primary absorbent storage tank 151 to fully ensure the reaction time, thereby converting the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution into carbonate.

[0122] Therefore, the unreacted ammonium salt solution remaining in the ammonia water can be removed, maintaining the concentration of ammonia water at a predetermined level.

[0123] That is, due to the influence of reaction rate and ammonia evaporation, the aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide changes constantly as it passes through the filter in the mixing tank 142. If the formation of carbonate is not completed, a large amount of unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution remains in the ammonia water, which can reduce the absorption rate. Therefore, a large-capacity primary absorbent storage tank 151 is designed to allow sufficient reaction time. By passing the solution through the secondary filter 152 again, the recovery rate of ammonia water can be improved, and the concentration of ammonia water can be maintained at a predetermined level to perform the function of an effective absorbent.

[0124] Additionally, the ammonia generated in mixing tank 142 can be supplied to the CO2 removal section 131 of absorption tower 130, or to the NO removal section. X Absorption section 133.

[0125] On the other hand, the primary absorbent storage tank 151 may include: an agitator 151a, which agitates and reacts the aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide and the aqueous solution of unreacted ammonium salt; and a pH sensor 151b, which measures the degree of reaction by the agitator 151a.

[0126] In addition, the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution stored in storage tank 141 can be Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2 generated by reacting water with CaO or MgO.

[0127] Furthermore, when the concentration of ammonia circulating along ammonia circulation pipeline A is low, the generation of (NH4)2CO3 (as described in [Chemical Formula 2]) decreases, and the CO2 emission increases. When the concentration is high, excessive CO2 absorption leads to an increase in carbonate production beyond what is needed. Therefore, the ammonia concentration should be maintained at a predetermined level to ensure the continuous CO2 absorption performance of absorption tower 130. For this purpose, the ammonia concentration can be designed to be adjusted to 12% based on mass standards, but this is not a limitation and can be changed according to operating conditions.

[0128] Alternatively, it may include an additional storage tank (not shown in the figure) that stores the carbonates (CaCO3(s) or MgCO3(s)) separated by primary filter 143 and secondary filter 152 in a slurry state or transfers them to a dryer to become solids for storage, or discharges them overboard. As an example of primary filter 143 and secondary filter 152, a diaphragm filter suitable for separating precipitates caused by high-pressure solids transfer can be used.

[0129] In addition, the ammonia water circulation pump 154 ​​can be a centrifugal pump type pump so that a large amount of ammonia water can circulate along the ammonia water circulation pipeline A.

[0130] On the other hand, the ammonia or clean water separated by means of primary filter 143 and secondary filter 152 is supplied to secondary absorbent storage tank 153, or the excess clean water generated by the mixing tank 142 relative to the total circulating clean water is stored in a clean water tank (not shown in the figure) and reused when the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution is generated in storage tank 141, which can save clean water.

[0131] Therefore, by using only relatively inexpensive metal oxides (CaO or MgO) or aqueous solutions of divalent metal hydroxides (Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2), no additional water is needed, the ammonia concentration does not decrease, and the capacity of the primary filter 143 and the secondary filter 152 can be reduced, thus reducing NH3 regeneration costs. In other words, theoretically, by consuming only metal oxides and using only NH3 and clean water, CO2 removal costs can be significantly reduced.

[0132] Then, the steam generation section 160, as Figure 7 As shown, the steam required for generating and supplying the ship's internal heating equipment is comprised of an auxiliary boiler 161, a boiler water circulation pump 162, a cascade tank 163, a supply pump 164, and a regulating valve 165. The auxiliary boiler 161 receives a mixture of steam and saturated water that has undergone heat exchange through the EGE 134. The steam is separated by a steam drum (not shown) and supplied to the steam consumption point. The boiler water circulation pump 162 circulates boiler water from the auxiliary boiler 161 to the EGE 134. The cascade tank 163 recovers condensate that has undergone phase change after being consumed from the steam consumption point. The supply pump 154 ​​and the regulating valve 155 regulate and supply the amount of boiler water from the cascade tank 153 to the auxiliary boiler 151.

[0133] In cases where the ship engine 10 is under heavy load, the heat received from the exhaust gas is high, and the steam required by the ship can be fully produced by the EGE 134. However, in cases where this is not the case, the fuel can be burned in the auxiliary boiler 161 itself to generate the required steam.

[0134] Then, the discharge section 170, as Figure 7 As shown, the system consists of a cleaning water tank 171, a water treatment device 173, and a mud storage tank 174. The cleaning water that meets the conditions for discharge outside the ship after passing through the water treatment device 173 can be discharged outside the ship. Solid emissions such as carbon soot that cannot meet the conditions for discharge outside the ship are independently stored in the mud storage tank 174. The cleaning water tank 171 stores the cleaning water discharged from the absorption tower 130. The water treatment device 173 has a turbidity-adjusting filtration unit and a neutralizing agent injection unit for pH adjustment, so that the cleaning water transferred from the cleaning water tank 171 by means of the transfer pump 172 meets the conditions for discharge outside the ship. The mud storage tank 174 separately stores solid emissions such as carbon soot.

[0135] On the other hand, as a neutralizing agent to meet the conditions for discharge from the ship, NaOH can be used, but assuming that all the substances discharged from the absorption tower 130 meet the conditions of acidity or alkalinity, a neutralizing agent that can neutralize these acids or alkalinities can be selected as needed.

[0136] On the other hand, a vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention may be provided with the aforementioned greenhouse gas emission reduction device.

[0137] Therefore, based on the aforementioned configuration of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device, by configuring the absorbent regeneration section into two or more stages to remove the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution remaining in the ammonia water, the concentration of ammonia water can be maintained at a predetermined level, thereby increasing the absorbent recovery rate. A pressurization system is used to prevent absorbent loss due to natural evaporation of high-concentration absorbent. The absorbent is converted into substances that do not harm the environment and separated for discharge or converted into useful substances for storage, thus meeting IMO greenhouse gas emission limits. The regeneration of NH3 minimizes the relatively expensive consumption of NH3, reduces the capacity of the filter's downstream section, and stores greenhouse gases in the naturally occurring carbonate form, enabling discharge at sea. This also removes SO2 remaining from the NH3 regeneration process. X The resulting side reactions minimize NH3 loss, ensuring that ammonia recovery is free of impurities.

[0138] If reference Figure 10The essence of another embodiment of the greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships of the present invention is that it includes an exhaust gas cooling section 110', an absorbent liquid manufacturing section 120', an absorption tower 130', and an absorbent liquid regeneration section. It utilizes clean water to cool the exhaust gas via heat exchange to prevent a decrease in the absorbent liquid concentration, adjusts the absorbent liquid concentration, and maintains the absorbent liquid concentration at a predetermined level to prevent low absorption performance. Specifically, the exhaust gas cooling section 110' cools the exhaust gas discharged from the ship's engine 10', the absorbent liquid manufacturing section 120' manufactures and supplies high-concentration CO2 absorbent liquid to the absorption tower 130', and the absorption tower 130' has a CO2 removal section 131'. The CO2 removal section 131' allows the exhaust gas cooled by the exhaust gas cooling section 110' to react with the absorbent liquid from the absorbent liquid manufacturing section 120'. The absorbent reaction in section 120' converts CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution to remove CO2. The absorbent regeneration section consists of a primary regeneration section 140' that reacts the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from absorption tower 130' with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution to regenerate the absorbent once, and a secondary regeneration section 150' that reacts the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution from the primary regeneration section 140' with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution to regenerate a high-concentration absorbent, which is then circulated back to absorption tower 130' for reuse as absorbent. By cooling the exhaust gas through heat exchange, the concentration of the absorbent is prevented from becoming low. By configuring the absorbent regeneration section into two or more sections, the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution remaining in the ammonia water is removed, thereby improving the absorbent recovery rate and preventing low greenhouse gas absorption performance.

[0139] Depending on the type and specifications (low-pressure engine or high-pressure engine) of the marine engine 10' used as the main engine or power generation engine, and the type of fuel supplied to the marine engine 10' (HFO, MDO, LNG, MGO, LSMGO (Low Sulphur Marine Gas Oil), ammonia, etc.), the absorption tower, in addition to the CO2 removal section, may optionally include NO removal. X Absorption section or SO X It is constituted by or wholly comprising an absorption section. Especially in the case of using LNG as fuel for ship engines, since there is no SO₂... X The amount generated does not require a separate SO configuration. X The absorption section, however, will produce trace amounts of SO when using low-sulfur oil. X Therefore, it is also possible to add equipment capable of simultaneously performing exhaust gas cooling and SO2 desulfurization. X SO2 dissolved and absorbed X Absorption section.

[0140] The following describes the case where LNG or low-sulfur oil is used as fuel for ship engines 10', and how NO is formed in the absorption tower through sequential stacking. X Examples of absorption sections, exhaust gas cooling sections, and CO2 removal sections are provided, but are not limited to these. As mentioned above, NO...X Absorption section and / or SO X Whether or not an absorption unit is equipped depends on the type of ship engine and fuel.

[0141] First, the exhaust gas cooling section 110' cools the exhaust gas discharged from the ship engine 10', lowering the exhaust gas temperature and allowing CO2 absorption by means of greenhouse gas absorbent liquid to proceed smoothly.

[0142] For example, the exhaust gas cooling section 110' can cool the exhaust gas discharged from the ship engine 10' by means of heat exchange with fresh water. Specifically, the fresh water supplied from the ship's internal cooling system 20' can be circulated in the heat exchange piping 111' surrounding the exhaust gas discharge pipe for which the exhaust gas flows, and the exhaust gas can be cooled to the temperature of 27°C to 33°C required by the CO2 removal section 131' by means of heat exchange with fresh water.

[0143] In other words, water cooling, which uses clean water to directly cool exhaust gas, results in a decrease in the concentration of the absorbent liquid and a low greenhouse gas absorption performance due to the direct introduction of clean water. Therefore, this situation can be improved by cooling the exhaust gas through heat exchange without direct contact with clean water, thus preventing the concentration of the absorbent liquid from decreasing and maintaining a low greenhouse gas absorption performance.

[0144] On the other hand, the exhaust gas cooling section 110' is illustrated by means of heat exchange with clean water, but various other cooling media and cooling methods can be applied.

[0145] Then, the absorbent manufacturing section 120' produces a high-concentration CO2 absorbent and supplies it to the absorption tower 130', as shown in [Chemical Formula 4] below, by reacting water with NH3 to produce a high-concentration ammonia solution (NH4HCO3(aq)) as the high-concentration CO2 absorbent, according to the absorbent circulation pipeline A' (see reference). Figure 10 The CO2 removal section 131' of the absorption tower 130' is supplied to the secondary absorbent storage tank 153'.

[0146] [Chemical Formula 4]

[0147]

[0148] Specifically, such as Figure 11 and Figure 13As shown, the absorbent manufacturing unit 120' may include: a clean water tank (not shown) storing clean water; a clean water regulating valve 121' regulating the supply of clean water from the clean water tank and supplying it to the ammonia tank 123'; an NH3 storage tank 122' storing high-pressure NH3; an ammonia tank 123' injecting NH3 supplied from the NH3 storage tank 122' into the clean water supplied by means of the clean water regulating valve 121' to prepare and store high-concentration ammonia; a pH sensor 124' measuring and monitoring the ammonia concentration in the ammonia tank 123'; and an ammonia supply pump 125' supplying high-concentration ammonia from the ammonia tank 123' to the secondary absorbent storage tank 153'.

[0149] The concentration of ammonia in the absorbent from the absorbent regeneration unit, which is located in the absorbent circulation pipeline A', changes as operation continues. For example, when NH3 is supplied to NO... X The absorption section 132' is used for absorption and removal, or NH3 passes through the absorption tower 130' and is discharged with the waste gas. When the concentration of ammonia water is low, the absorbent liquid production section 120' supplies high-concentration ammonia water to the absorbent liquid circulation pipeline A' (see reference). Figure 10 This compensates for the low ammonia concentration, thereby maintaining the ammonia concentration designed for the preset absorption performance.

[0150] On the other hand, at the same temperature, the partial pressure of NH3(g) is higher in high-concentration ammonia solution compared to low-concentration ammonia solution. Under atmospheric pressure, NH3 evaporates more easily, resulting in increased loss. Therefore, to store high-concentration ammonia solution without loss, the temperature should be lowered and the system should be operated under pressure to increase the solubility of NH3(g) and reduce the vapor pressure.

[0151] That is, in order to prevent the loss of NH3(g) by evaporation, compressed air at a predetermined pressure can be injected into the upper part of the ammonia water in the ammonia water tank 123' to maintain the pressure in the ammonia water tank 123' at a high pressure state and maintain the ammonia water concentration at a predetermined high concentration, for example, 50%wt of NH3.

[0152] For example, NH3 can be stored in a liquid state at -34°C and 8.5 bar, so 7 bar compressed air available on board can be used to maintain the internal pressure of ammonia tank 123' and store 50% concentration ammonia in ammonia tank 123'.

[0153] Additionally, a safety valve 123a' can be installed to prevent overpressure in the ammonia tank 123'.

[0154] Then, a CO2 removal section 131' is formed in the absorption tower 130', which reacts the exhaust gas cooled by means of the exhaust gas cooling section 110' with ammonia water, which is the absorbent initially supplied from the absorbent manufacturing section 120' and circulated according to the absorbent circulation pipeline A', as shown below [Chemical Formula 5], to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution (NH4HCO3(aq)) and remove CO2.

[0155] [Chemical Formula 5]

[0156]

[0157] Specifically, CO2 removal section 131' Figure 12 As shown, it may include: an ammonia injection nozzle 131a', which sprays ammonia water supplied from the secondary absorbent storage tank 153' towards the packing material 131b'; a packing material 131b', which brings the CO2 of the exhaust gas into contact with the ammonia water, which serves as the absorbent, thereby converting the CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq), which is an ammonium salt aqueous solution; and a cooling jacket. The jacket (not shown in the figure) is formed in multiple sections in each section of the absorption device filled with filler material 131b', cooling the heat generated by the CO2 absorption reaction; the water sprayer 131c' captures NH3 that is discharged to the outside without reacting with CO2; the demister plate 131d' is formed in a tortuous multi-plate shape, so that the ammonia water sprayed by the ammonia water spray nozzle 131a' returns to the filler material 131b'; the partition wall 131e' is formed so that the ammonia water passing through the filler material 131b' does not flow back to SO2. X Absorption section; and cutting plate 131f', the cutting plate 131f' being in the shape of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet surrounded by partition wall 131e'.

[0158] Among them, the cooling jacket can cool to 30°C to 50°C, where the material transfer is most efficient, so that the CO2 absorption rate is maintained at a certain level while preventing NH3 from being vaporized and lost.

[0159] On the other hand, the CO2 removal section 131' can be designed in various forms to increase the contact area between the exhaust gas and NH3 while operating within the allowable pressure drop of the exhaust pipe required by engine specifications. For example, the packing material 131b' can be composed of multi-stage distillation tower packing designed to increase the contact area per unit volume. Considering the contact area per unit area, gas pressure drop, and wind speed, a suitable design can be selected. Figure 15 The packing material of the distillation column in the absorption process shown is, for example... Figure 16As shown, the ammonia spray nozzle 131a' can be configured as a ladder pipe (a) or a spray (b).

[0160] In addition, a solution redistributor (not shown in the figure) can be formed between the packing material of the distillation column to prevent channeling by allowing ammonia water to pass downward through the packing material 131b' and exhaust gas to pass upward through the packing material 131b' to make them come into contact with each other.

[0161] In addition, the demister plate 131d' causes the scattered ammonia water to adhere to the tortuous multi-plate, increasing the size of the droplets, which then drain towards the filling material 131b' by their own weight.

[0162] On the other hand, as mentioned earlier, the ship engine 10' is based on the premise of using LNG or low-sulfur fuel as fuel. When using LNG as fuel, there is no SO₂. X The amount of SO2 produced, but in the case of ship engines 10' using low-sulfur oil as fuel, because the exhaust gas may contain SO2. X The 130' absorption tower can also be equipped with SO X Absorption section.

[0163] For example, although not illustrated separately, SO X The absorption section can also dissolve and remove SO₂ while reacting and cooling the exhaust gas from the ship's engine 10' with seawater. X The CO2 removal unit 131' can remove SO2. X The cooled exhaust gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing section 120' to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution, thereby absorbing and removing CO2.

[0164] Additionally, as mentioned earlier, the absorption tower 130' may also include a section for absorbing and removing NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship engine 10'. X NO X The absorption section 132' cools and removes NOx from the exhaust gas by means of the exhaust gas cooling section 110', and reacts the cooled exhaust gas with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing section 120' to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

[0165] That is, NO is formed by stacking layers in the absorption tower 130'. X The absorption section 132' and the CO2 removal section 131' can sequentially absorb and remove NO from the exhaust gas. X and CO2, wherein the NO X The absorption section 132' absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine 10'. X The CO2 removal unit 131' removes NO. XThe cooled exhaust gas reacts with ammonia water supplied from the absorbent manufacturing section 120' to convert CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq) and remove CO2.

[0166] Therefore, the CO2 removal section 131' can be made possible by using NO as a pre-treatment unit. X Absorption section 132' removes NO X The waste gas reacts with ammonia water; during the CO2 removal process, no NO reaction occurs. X The resulting side reactions can minimize the occurrence of impurities and obtain NH4HCO3 with fewer impurities in subsequent processes.

[0167] The absorption tower 130' may include a CO2 removal unit 131' and an NO removal unit 132'. X The absorption section 132' and the EGE 133' described later can be composed of individual modules to achieve modular combination, or they can be integrated in a single tower form. The absorption tower 130' itself can also be composed of a single tower or a group of multiple towers.

[0168] Specifically, NO X The absorber 132' serves as an SCR (Selective Catalyst Reactor), such as Figure 12 As shown, regenerated NH3 can be directly supplied from the primary regeneration section 140' of the absorbent regeneration unit via a blower 132a' or a compressor and an NH3 injection nozzle 132b' to absorb NO. X When the NH3 supplied by the NH3 injection nozzle 132b' is insufficient, the urea water (UREA) in the urea water storage tank 132c' can be supplied through the urea water supply pump 132d' and the urea water injection nozzle 132e' to compensate for the loss or deficiency.

[0169] On the other hand, if urea water is decomposed, NH3 and CO2 are produced, so it is recommended to directly supply NH3 to reduce CO2 generation.

[0170] On the other hand, the absorption tower 130' may also include an EGE (Exhaust Gas Economizer) 133, said EGE in NO X An absorption section 132' is formed between the exhaust gas cooling section 110, allowing the waste heat from the exhaust gas from the ship engine 10' to exchange heat with the boiler water.

[0171] Then, the absorbent regeneration section can regenerate NH3, which is returned to absorber 130 for reuse as CO2 absorbent. This allows CO2 to be stored or discharged off-site as CaCO3(s) or MgCO3(s) carbonates, or the regenerated NH3 can be supplied to NO.X Absorption section 132' absorbs NO X .

[0172] That is, the absorbent regeneration section consists of a primary regeneration section 140' where the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the CO2 absorption tower 130' reacts with the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution to regenerate the absorbent for the first time, and a secondary regeneration section 150' where the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution from the primary regeneration section 140' reacts with the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution to regenerate the high-concentration absorbent for the second time, and is circulated back to the absorption tower 130' for reuse as absorbent. This improves the recovery rate of the absorbent and maintains a predetermined concentration, effectively preventing the absorption performance from being low when the ammonia concentration is low.

[0173] Specifically, the absorbent regeneration section, such as Figure 13 As shown, it may include: a storage tank 141', which stores an aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide; a primary regeneration section 140', which consists of a mixing tank 142' and a primary filter 143', wherein the mixing tank 142' mixes the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower and the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution from the storage tank 141' with a stirrer to generate NH3(g) and carbonate as shown below [Chemical Formula 6], and the primary filter 143' absorbs the solution and precipitate from the mixing tank 142' to separate carbonate and ammonia water (or water); and a secondary regeneration section 150', which consists of a primary absorbent storage tank 151', a secondary filter 152', a secondary absorbent storage tank 153', and an ammonia water circulation system. The system comprises a circulating pump 154', wherein the primary absorbent storage tank 151' stores ammonia water separated by means of a primary filter 143' and unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution remaining after not reacting with the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, allowing the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution and unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution from the storage tank 141' to react again; the secondary filter 152' absorbs the solution and precipitate from the primary absorbent storage tank 151' to separate carbonates and high-concentration ammonia water and is designed to correspond to the capacity of the primary absorbent storage tank 151'; the secondary absorbent storage tank 153' stores high-concentration ammonia water separated by means of the secondary filter 152'; and the ammonia water circulation pump 154' draws and circulates ammonia water from the secondary absorbent storage tank 153' to the CO2 removal section 131' of the absorption tower 130'.

[0174] [Chemical Formula 6]

[0175]

[0176] The storage capacity of the primary absorbent storage tank 151' is designed to be more than three times the capacity of the absorbent in the circulating absorbent tower 130' and the absorbent regeneration section of the circulating absorbent pipeline A'. Compared with the capacity of the circulating absorbent, it has a relatively large capacity, which can increase the residence time of the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution in the primary absorbent storage tank 151' and fully ensure the reaction time, thereby converting the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution into carbonate as much as possible.

[0177] Therefore, the concentration of ammonia water can be maintained at a predetermined level by re-reacting the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution remaining in the ammonia water in the primary absorbent storage tank 151'.

[0178] That is, due to the influence of reaction rate and ammonia evaporation, the aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide changes constantly as it passes through the filter in mixing tank 142'. If the carbonate formation is not completed, a large amount of unreacted ammonium salt solution remains in the ammonia water, which can reduce the CO2 absorption rate. Therefore, a large-capacity primary absorbent storage tank 151' is designed to allow sufficient reaction time. By passing the solution through the secondary filter 152' again, the ammonia water recovery rate can be improved, and the concentration of ammonia water can be maintained at a predetermined level to enable it to function as an effective absorbent.

[0179] Additionally, the NH3(g) generated in mixing tank 142' can be supplied to the CO2 removal section 131' of absorption tower 130' to remove CO2, or supplied to NO. X Absorption section 132' removes NO X .

[0180] On the other hand, the primary absorbent storage tank 151' may include: an agitator 151a' that agitates and reacts the aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide and the aqueous solution of unreacted ammonium salt; and a pH sensor 151b' that measures the degree of reaction by the agitator 151a'.

[0181] In addition, the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution stored in storage tank 141' can be Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2 generated by reacting water with CaO or MgO respectively.

[0182] Furthermore, when the concentration of ammonia circulating along the absorbent circulation pipeline A' is low, the generation of (NH4)2CO3 [Chemical Formula 5] decreases, and the CO2 emission increases. When the ammonia concentration is high, excessive CO2 absorption leads to an increase in carbonate production beyond what is needed. Therefore, the ammonia concentration should be maintained within an appropriate range to ensure that the CO2 absorption performance of the absorber tower 130' is not low. For this purpose, the ammonia concentration can be designed to be adjusted to 12% based on mass standards, but this is not a limitation and can be changed according to the operating conditions.

[0183] Alternatively, it may include an additional storage tank (not shown in the figure) that stores carbonates (CaCO3(s) or MgCO3(s)) separated by primary filter 143' and secondary filter 152' and capable of being discharged at sea in a slurry state or in a solid state after being transferred to a dryer, or may discharge them overboard without storage. As an example of primary filter 143' and secondary filter 152', a diaphragm filter suitable for separating sediments caused by high-pressure solids transfer can be used.

[0184] In addition, the ammonia circulation pump 154' can be a centrifugal pump type pump, so that a large amount of ammonia water can circulate along the absorbent circulation pipeline A'.

[0185] On the other hand, the ammonia or clean water separated by means of primary filter 143' and secondary filter 152' can be supplied to secondary absorbent storage tank 153', or the excess clean water generated by mixing tank 142' relative to the total circulating clean water can be stored in clean water tank (not shown in the figure) and reused when the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution in storage tank 141' is generated, which can save clean water.

[0186] Therefore, by using only relatively inexpensive metal oxides (CaO or MgO) or aqueous solutions of divalent metal hydroxides (Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2), no additional water is needed, the ammonia concentration remains unchanged, and the capacity of the primary filter 143' and the secondary filter 152' can be reduced, thus decreasing the cost of NH3 regeneration. In other words, theoretically, by consuming only metal oxides and using only NH3 and clean water, CO2 removal costs can be significantly reduced.

[0187] Then, the steam generation section 160' as follows Figure 14 As shown, the system comprises an auxiliary boiler 161', a boiler water circulation pump 162', a cascade tank 163', a supply pump 164', and a regulating valve 165', generating and supplying steam required for the ship's internal heating equipment. The auxiliary boiler 161' receives a mixture of steam and saturated water that has undergone heat exchange by passing through EGE 133'. The steam is separated by a steam drum (not shown) and supplied to the steam consumption point. The boiler water circulation pump 162' circulates boiler water from the auxiliary boiler 161' to EGE 133'. The cascade tank 163' recovers condensate that has undergone phase change after being consumed from the steam consumption point. The supply pump 164' and the regulating valve 165' regulate and supply the amount of boiler water from the cascade tank 163' to the auxiliary boiler 161'.

[0188] In cases where the ship engine 10' is under heavy load, it can receive a large amount of heat from the exhaust gas, and the steam required by the ship can be fully produced through the EGE 133'. However, in cases where this is not the case, the required steam can also be produced by burning fuel in the auxiliary boiler 161' itself.

[0189] On the other hand, a ship according to another embodiment of the present invention can be provided as a ship equipped with the greenhouse gas emission reduction device mentioned above.

[0190] Therefore, based on the aforementioned configuration of the ship's greenhouse gas emission reduction device, by using heat exchange to cool the exhaust gas and prevent the absorbent concentration from becoming too low, by employing a pressurization system to prevent absorbent loss due to the natural evaporation of NH3 in the high-concentration absorbent, by configuring the absorbent regeneration section into two or more stages to remove the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution remaining in the ammonia water, the concentration of ammonia water can be maintained at a predetermined level, thereby improving the absorbent recovery rate. This prevents low greenhouse gas absorption performance, converts the gases into substances that do not harm the environment and separates them for discharge or converts them into useful substances for storage, in order to meet IMO greenhouse gas emission limits. Regenerating NH3 minimizes the relatively expensive consumption of NH3, reduces the capacity of the filter's downstream section, and stores greenhouse gases in the naturally occurring carbonate form, enabling discharge at sea. It also removes NO remaining during NH3 regeneration. X or SO X The resulting side reactions minimize NH3 loss, ensuring that ammonia recovery is free of impurities.

[0191] The present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications or other embodiments belonging to the same scope as the present invention can be implemented by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship, comprising: Seawater supply department, which supplies seawater; An absorbent manufacturing unit that manufactures and supplies high-concentration CO2 absorbent; An absorption tower having a CO2 removal section, wherein exhaust gas from a ship engine reacts with and cools seawater supplied from a seawater supply section, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with absorbent from an absorbent production section to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution, thereby removing CO2; and The absorbent regeneration section comprises a primary regeneration section that regenerates the absorbent by reacting the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, and a secondary regeneration section that regenerates the high-concentration absorbent by reacting the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution from the primary regeneration section with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, and then recirculates and supplies the high-concentration absorbent back to the absorption tower for reuse as absorbent. The absorbent is ammonia.

2. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The absorbent regeneration section includes: Storage tank, wherein the storage tank stores the aqueous solution of the divalent metal hydroxide; A primary regeneration unit, comprising a mixing tank and a primary filter, wherein the mixing tank agitates the ammonium salt aqueous solution and the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower to generate NH3(g) and carbonate, and the primary filter absorbs the solution and precipitate from the mixing tank to separate the carbonate; and The secondary regeneration unit comprises a primary absorbent storage tank, a secondary filter, and a secondary absorbent storage tank. The primary absorbent storage tank stores ammonia or unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution separated by the primary filter, allowing the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution and unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution in the storage tank to react again. The secondary filter absorbs the solution and precipitate from the primary absorbent storage tank to separate carbonates and high-concentration ammonia. The secondary absorbent storage tank stores the high-concentration ammonia separated by the secondary filter.

3. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 2, characterized in that, The storage capacity of the primary absorbent storage tank is more than three times the capacity of the absorbent circulating in the absorption tower and the absorbent regeneration section.

4. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 2, characterized in that, The primary absorbent storage tank includes: a stirrer that stirs and reacts the aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide and the aqueous solution of ammonia or unreacted ammonium salt separated by the primary filter; and a pH sensor that measures the degree of reaction by the stirrer.

5. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 2, characterized in that, The divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the storage tank is Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2 generated by reacting water with CaO or MgO.

6. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ammonia or purified water separated by the secondary filter is supplied to the secondary absorbent storage tank, or the excess purified water generated by the mixing tank relative to the total circulating purified water is stored in the purified water tank and reused when the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution is generated in the storage tank.

7. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The absorption tower also includes SO X The absorption section, the SO X The absorption section reacts the exhaust gases from the ship's engine with seawater supplied from the seawater supply section, cooling the SO₂ while simultaneously reducing its concentration. X Dissolve, remove The CO2 removal unit removes SO2. X The exhaust gas reacts with and is cooled by the seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

8. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The absorption tower also includes a function to absorb and remove NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine. X NO X Absorption section The CO2 removal unit removes NO. X The exhaust gas reacts with and is cooled by the seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit, and the cooled exhaust gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

9. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The absorption tower is formed by stacking NO in sequence. X Absorption section, SO X The absorption section and the CO2 removal section, wherein the NO X The absorption section absorbs and removes NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine. X The SO X The absorption section removes NO. X The exhaust gas reacts with and is cooled by seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit, dissolving and removing SO₂. X The CO2 removal unit removes SO2. X The waste gas reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing unit to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

10. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The NH3 regenerated by means of the absorbent regeneration section is returned to the absorption tower to be converted into absorbent for reuse. The NO X The absorption section supplies NH3, which is regenerated by means of the absorbent regeneration section, and uses the NH3 to absorb NO. X Alternatively, use urea solution to absorb NO. X .

11. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 7 or 9, characterized in that, The seawater supply unit includes: Seawater pump, which receives seawater from outside the ship via an underwater suction tank and pumps it into the SO2. X An absorption section; and a seawater regulating valve, which adjusts the supply of seawater from the seawater pump to the SO2 based on the amount of waste gas. X The amount of seawater ejected from the absorption section.

12. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 2, characterized in that, The absorbent manufacturing unit includes: A clean water tank, wherein the clean water tank stores clean water; A clean water regulating valve supplies clean water from the clean water tank; NH3 storage facility, which stores high-pressure NH3; An ammonia tank sprays NH3 supplied from the NH3 storage tank into clean water supplied by means of the clean water regulating valve to prepare and store high-concentration ammonia water as an absorbent. A pH sensor is used to measure the concentration of ammonia in the ammonia tank; and An ammonia supply pump supplies ammonia from the ammonia tank to the secondary absorbent storage tank.

13. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 12, characterized in that, It also includes an ammonia circulation pump, which circulates ammonia from the secondary absorbent storage tank to the absorption tower.

14. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 7 or 9, characterized in that, The SO X The absorption section includes: A multi-segment seawater jet nozzle, wherein the seawater jet nozzle sprays seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit downwards; and The exhaust gas inlet pipe is in the form of a partition wall or a cut-off plate in the form of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet pipe, so that the cleaning water does not flow back.

15. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 14, characterized in that, At the lower part of the seawater jet nozzle, a porous upper plate is formed in multiple sections. The porous upper plate forms a flow path for the exhaust gas to pass through, so that the seawater comes into contact with the exhaust gas.

16. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 14, characterized in that, At the lower part of the seawater jet nozzle, an absorption device filled with a material that allows seawater to contact the exhaust gas is formed, thereby dissolving SO₂ in the seawater. X .

17. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, The CO2 removal unit includes: An ammonia injection nozzle sprays absorbent supplied from the absorbent regeneration unit downwards. A filling material that allows CO2 to come into contact with ammonia water, which serves as the absorbent, thereby converting CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq). A cooling sleeve is formed in multiple sections in each section of the absorption device filled with the filling material to cool the heat generated by the CO2 removal reaction; A water sprayer that captures NH3 that has not reacted with CO2 and is released to the outside; The demisting plate is formed in a tortuous multi-plate shape, which causes the ammonia water to return towards the filling material; A partition wall, wherein the partition wall is formed to prevent backflow of ammonia; and A cutting plate, which is in the form of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet surrounded by the partition wall.

18. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 17, characterized in that, The packing material consists of multi-segment distillation column packing designed to increase the contact area per unit volume. A solution redistributor is formed between the packing material of the distillation column.

19. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 9, characterized in that, The absorption tower also includes EGE, which is present in the NO... X The absorption section and the SO X The absorption sections are formed to allow the waste heat from the ship's engine to exchange heat with the boiler water.

20. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a discharge section, which consists of a cleaning water tank, a water treatment device, and a mud storage tank. The cleaning water tank stores the cleaning water discharged from the absorption tower. The water treatment device has a turbidity-adjusting filtration unit and a neutralizing agent injection unit for pH adjustment, so that the cleaning water transferred to the cleaning water tank by means of a transfer pump meets the conditions for discharge off-board. The mud storage tank separately stores solid discharge materials.

21. A ship equipped with a greenhouse gas emission reduction device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

22. A greenhouse gas emission reduction device for a ship, comprising: An exhaust gas cooling unit that cools the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine; An absorbent manufacturing unit that manufactures and supplies high-concentration CO2 absorbent; An absorption tower having a CO2 removal section, wherein the CO2 removal section reacts waste gas cooled by means of the waste gas cooling section with absorbent from the absorbent production section to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and thereby remove CO2; and The absorbent regeneration section comprises a primary regeneration section that regenerates the absorbent by reacting the ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, and a secondary regeneration section that regenerates a high-concentration absorbent by reacting the unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution from the primary regeneration section with a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution, and then recycles the absorbent back to the absorption tower for reuse. The absorbent is ammonia.

23. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 22, characterized in that, The ship's engine uses LNG or low-sulfur oil as fuel.

24. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 22, characterized in that, The exhaust gas cooling section utilizes heat exchange piping surrounding the exhaust gas discharge pipe to circulate clean water supplied from the ship's internal cooling system, cooling the exhaust gas to a temperature of 27°C to 33°C.

25. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 22, characterized in that, The absorbent regeneration section includes: Storage tank, wherein the storage tank stores the aqueous solution of the divalent metal hydroxide; A primary regeneration section, comprising a mixing tank and a primary filter, wherein the mixing tank agitates an ammonium salt aqueous solution discharged from the absorption tower and a divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution from the storage tank to generate NH3(g) and carbonate; the primary filter absorbs the solution and precipitate from the mixing tank to separate the carbonate; and The secondary regeneration section comprises a primary absorbent storage tank, a secondary filter, and a secondary absorbent storage tank. The primary absorbent storage tank stores ammonia or unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution separated by the primary filter, allowing the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution and unreacted ammonium salt aqueous solution in the storage tank to react again. The secondary filter absorbs the solution and precipitate from the primary absorbent storage tank to separate carbonates and high-concentration ammonia. The secondary absorbent storage tank stores the high-concentration ammonia separated by the secondary filter.

26. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 25, characterized in that, The storage capacity of the primary absorbent storage tank is more than three times the absorbent capacity that circulates through the absorbent circulation pipeline between the absorbent tower and the absorbent regeneration section.

27. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 25, characterized in that, The primary absorbent storage tank includes: a stirrer that agitates and reacts an aqueous solution of divalent metal hydroxide and an aqueous solution of ammonia or unreacted ammonium salt separated by the primary filter from the storage tank; and a pH sensor that measures the degree of reaction by the stirrer.

28. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 25, characterized in that, The divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the storage tank is Ca(OH)2 or Mg(OH)2 generated by reacting water with CaO or MgO.

29. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 25, characterized in that, The ammonia or purified water separated by the secondary filter is supplied to the secondary absorbent storage tank, or the excess purified water generated by the mixing tank relative to the total circulating purified water is stored in the purified water tank and reused when the divalent metal hydroxide aqueous solution is generated in the storage tank.

30. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 22, characterized in that, The absorption tower also includes a function to absorb and remove NO from the exhaust gas emitted from the ship's engine. X NO X Absorption section The CO2 removal unit removes the NO. X The exhaust gas, cooled by the exhaust gas cooling section, reacts with the absorbent from the absorbent manufacturing section to convert CO2 into an ammonium salt aqueous solution and remove CO2.

31. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 30, characterized in that, The absorbent regeneration section regenerates the NH3 and returns it to the absorption tower for reuse as absorbent. The NO X The absorption section absorbs NO using NH3 supplied from the absorbent regeneration section. X Alternatively, urea solution can be used to absorb and remove NO. X .

32. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 25, characterized in that, The absorbent manufacturing unit includes: A clean water tank, wherein the clean water tank stores clean water; A clean water regulating valve that regulates the supply of clean water from the clean water tank; NH3 storage facility, which stores high-pressure NH3; An ammonia tank sprays NH3 supplied from the NH3 storage tank into clean water supplied by means of the clean water regulating valve to prepare and store high-concentration ammonia water as an absorbent. A pH sensor is used to measure the concentration of ammonia in the ammonia tank; and An ammonia supply pump supplies ammonia from the ammonia tank to the secondary absorbent storage tank.

33. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 32, characterized in that, It also includes an ammonia circulation pump, which circulates ammonia from the secondary absorbent storage tank to the absorption tower.

34. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 22, characterized in that, The CO2 removal unit includes: An ammonia injection nozzle sprays absorbent supplied from the absorbent regeneration unit downwards. A filling material that allows CO2 to come into contact with ammonia water, which serves as the absorbent, thereby converting CO2 into NH4HCO3(aq). A cooling sleeve is formed in multiple sections in each section of the absorption device filled with the filling material to cool the heat generated by the CO2 removal reaction; A water sprayer that captures NH3 that has not reacted with CO2 and is released to the outside; The demisting plate is formed in a tortuous multi-plate shape, which causes the ammonia water to return towards the filling material; A partition wall, wherein the partition wall is formed to prevent leakage of ammonia water; and A cutting plate, which is in the form of an umbrella covering the exhaust gas inlet surrounded by the partition wall.

35. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 34, characterized in that, The packing material consists of multi-segment distillation column packing designed to increase the contact area per unit volume. A solution redistributor is formed between the packing material of the distillation column.

36. The greenhouse gas emission reduction device for ships according to claim 30, characterized in that, The absorption tower also includes EGE, which is present in the NO... X An absorption section is formed between the exhaust gas cooling section and the exhaust gas cooling section, so that the waste heat from the exhaust gas of the ship engine exchanges heat with the boiler water.

37. A ship equipped with a greenhouse gas emission reduction device as described in any one of claims 22 to 36.

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