A highly efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas

Abstract

The present invention proposes an efficient restoration method for epiphytic vegetation on bare rocks in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, and belongs to the technical field of rocky desertification control. The restoration steps include: (1) terrain analysis and classification; (2) preparation of planting substrates; (3) laying and connection of planting devices; (4) vegetation selection and planting; (5) management and maintenance. The method includes classification analysis of bare rock terrain in peak forest depressions, and rational use of different planting substrates and different epiphytic plant species to achieve the purpose of vegetation restoration in difficult terrain in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. The method of the present invention can effectively utilize natural resources, improve the hydrological conditions in peak forest depressions, reduce soil erosion, and increase the organic matter content and water retention capacity of bare rock surfaces. It has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, and significant effect, and provides an effective way for vegetation restoration in peak forest depressions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vegetation restoration in difficult areas, and in particular to a high-efficiency restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. Background Art

[0002] The karst area in my country accounts for about 1 / 3 of the country's land area. Among them, the southwestern exposed karst area is one of the three largest carbonate rock continuous distribution areas in the world, showing peak forests, peak clusters, depressions, canyons and other landforms. These landforms constitute unique microhabitats for many organisms. Rocky desertification is an evolutionary process similar to desertification landscape caused by excessive human interference in the fragile karst habitat, resulting in vegetation degradation, soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, and decline in land productivity. It is an extreme form of land degradation in karst areas. The ecosystem in karst karst areas is fragile, with low soil fertility and low vegetation coverage. It is prone to ecological problems such as rocky desertification and soil erosion, and it is difficult to control. Peak forest refers to a terrain composed of some stone peaks separated by a flat bedrock surface often covered with thin loose sediments. The stone peaks are discretely distributed on a flat or slightly undulating ground. The distance between the stone peaks is different. They are usually sparsely distributed, and the individual stone peaks are steeper. There is external water inflow, and there is an obvious drainage system in the middle or edge of the ground.

[0003] Vegetation restoration of bare rock in rocky desertification refers to the restoration of vegetation coverage on the surface of exposed carbonate rocks in karst areas through measures such as artificial afforestation, closed-mountain afforestation, and grassland construction, improving soil quality and hydrological conditions, and enhancing the function and stability of the ecosystem. The principle of vegetation restoration of bare rock in rocky desertification is to use the physical process of carbonate rock weathering into soil in situ and the biological regulation of carbonate rock dissolution by plant roots to form a soil weathering crust of a certain thickness and quality, providing a basis for vegetation growth. At the same time, by increasing vegetation coverage, reducing surface temperature and evaporation, increasing rainfall infiltration rate and soil moisture content, and improving microclimate conditions and hydrological cycle processes. Vegetation restoration of bare rock in rocky desertification is an important part of my country's ecological civilization construction, and is of great significance for preventing land degradation, protecting water resources security, and promoting regional sustainable development.

[0004] At present, scholars at home and abroad have conducted a lot of research on land management in karst desertification areas, and a lot of experience has been accumulated in the desertification management model in the southwest region. There is an "artificial grass planting and livestock breeding model" in mild desertification areas, a "Guizhou Huajiang Dingtan model" in moderate desertification areas, and a "Guangxi Mashan Nong La model" in severe desertification areas. From the perspective of benefits, there are rural circular economy ecological industry development models and trinity models dominated by economic benefits; closed-mountain forest protection and closed-mountain afforestation models dominated by ecological benefits, and ecological engineering technology management models. At present, the desertification management in karst areas is mainly based on vegetation planting and restoration. Vegetation restoration can be carried out in different ways, such as artificial afforestation, closed-mountain afforestation, and three-dimensional agriculture. Closed-mountain afforestation is a way to restore secondary forests or primary forests in karst mountains by natural regeneration or assisted regeneration. Closed-mountain afforestation requires scientific demarcation of the closed-mountain range and the formulation of reasonable closed-mountain deadlines and management measures. Application No. CN108713363A discloses a method for planting forest, shrub and grass vegetation in karst desertification areas. The method selects species based on the changes in community type, structure, composition and species characteristics and soil conditions in the karst desertification areas, in order to solve the problems of ecosystem degradation, low biodiversity and soil erosion in desertification areas. However, the technology has the following problems: 1. The invention has a long cycle from analyzing community structure to vegetation restoration, and the results are slow and time-consuming; 2. The invention requires a lot of manpower and material resources; 3. The invention is not combined with reality and cannot be used for bare rock vegetation restoration. Application No. CN107333543A A method for ecological restoration of rocky desertification promotes soil development by changing soil structure, promotes the growth of other organisms, and improves the biodiversity of the rocky desertification ecological environment. However, this technology has the following problems: 1. It requires a lot of manpower and material resources and is time-consuming. The initial algae cultivation takes more than a month and the operation is cumbersome. In the initial stage of planting, continuous micro-spraying for 15 days is required before vegetation can be planted, which requires huge management costs; 2. The vegetation selected for this invention is evergreen trees and evergreen shrubs, based on the soil formation rate of algae and the soil environment required for tree planting; 3. This invention does not take into account the differences in micro-topography of rocky desertification, and cannot achieve fine restoration, which belongs to extensive restoration. Application No. CN102656973B discloses a method for controlling rocky desertification and restoring its ecosystem, which uses soil and water conservation technology and artificial succession establishment technology to achieve rocky desertification restoration. However, this technology has the following problems: 1. The soil and water conservation technology mentioned in this invention requires the terrain to be transformed into fish scale pits and slopes to be terraced, but the actual rocky desertification surface is complex and has exposed rocks, so the feasibility of this technology is low and may cause further degradation; 2. The artificial succession establishment technology mentioned in this invention requires 1-5 years to complete the restoration, which is time-consuming and requires large investment, and cannot achieve a win-win situation in ecological and economic benefits; 3. This invention does not involve different treatment methods for different surfaces and is not suitable for bare rock surfaces.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention proposes a high-efficiency restoration technology for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. By analyzing the bare rock terrain of peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, water-holding planting substrates of different substrates are configured, vegetation suitable for different terrain microhabitats is selected, and the organic matter content and water retention capacity of the bare rock surface are increased by mosses and ferns, thereby providing basic conditions for subsequent vegetation restoration and alleviating the limiting factors of soil moisture and nutrients; then native plants with bare rock epiphytic ability suitable for rocky desertification areas are planted to increase the vegetation coverage rate of peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, improve the survival rate and diffusion ability of epiphytes, and promote vegetation diversity and stability. Compared with existing rocky desertification control technologies, the present invention has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, and significant effect. It can improve the landscape aesthetics and ecological service value of karst areas, promote local social and economic development, and provide an effective way to restore vegetation in rocky desertification areas. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently repairing epiphytic vegetation on bare rock in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, in order to address the difficulties in restoring vegetation on bare rock terrain in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, which threatens the ecological security of the karst region in southwestern my country and restricts social and economic development, so as to solve the problems of low vegetation coverage and low survival rate of planted vegetation on bare rock in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, reduce the cost of restoration, planting and subsequent management of epiphytic vegetation on bare rock in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, and simplify the bare rock vegetation restoration process in related rocky desertification areas.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a highly efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Terrain analysis and arrangement: The bare rock terrain in the peak forest depression in the rocky desertification area includes: sunny slope stone surface, shady slope stone surface, flat land, bare rock depression and bare rock convex land; bare rock is divided into small-size bare rock, medium-size bare rock and large-size bare rock according to particle size; scattered stones and dangerous rock bodies are removed;

[0009] (2) Preparation of planting medium:

[0010] A planting matrix 1 suitable for sunny sloping stone surface, flat land and bare rock convex land in step (1): by weight, comprising: 28-32 parts of sphagnum moss, 18-22 parts of sawdust, 8-12 parts of pine phosphate, and 8-12 parts of perlite; the perlite is disinfected with 0.1wt% potassium permanganate solution before use;

[0011] The second planting matrix suitable for the stone surface of the sloping land or the bare rock depression in step (1) comprises, by weight, 28 to 32 parts of sphagnum moss, 8 to 12 parts of pine phosphorus, 8 to 12 parts of pine needles, and 8 to 12 parts of vermiculite; before use, the vermiculite is pre-treated with an acid solution having a pH value of 5.5 to 6.5;

[0012] (3) Laying and connecting planting devices: sterilizing the planting substrate 1 and the planting substrate 2 respectively, and then putting the sterilized planting substrate 1 and the planting substrate 2 into planting bags respectively to obtain the planting substrate 1 planting bag and the planting substrate 2 planting bag; laying the planting substrate 1 planting bag and the planting substrate 2 planting bag respectively according to the terrain classification, and connecting the planting bags to each other;

[0013] (4) Vegetation selection and planting: Select vegetation with different living habits and suitable for growing in rocky desertification areas, and plant them in planting bags with planting substrates of one type and two types of planting substrates.

[0014] In the planting bag, water the newly planted vegetation; the vegetation selected for planting includes ferns and mosses;

[0015] (5) Management and maintenance: water regularly, fertilize regularly, prevent and control pests and diseases in a timely manner, and replant regularly; the regular fertilization process is as follows: in the initial stage of vegetation planting: apply 15%:15%:15% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the vegetation growth period: apply 20%:20%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the flowering period: apply 20%:10%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; apply once every 15 to 20 days, pour it into the planting medium and irrigate it thoroughly or spray it on the front and back of the vegetation leaves.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (1), the sunny slope stone surface is strongly irradiated by the sun, has low reflectivity and high absorption rate, and is prone to high temperature, resulting in large water evaporation, low soil fertility and water holding capacity, few vegetation on bare rocks, and serious soil erosion, which belongs to strongly weathered bare rocks; the shady slope stone surface has soft solar radiation, moist soil, relatively low temperature, less water evaporation, higher soil fertility and water holding capacity, and the density of vegetation on bare rocks is higher than that on sunny slopes, which belongs to weakly weathered bare rocks; the flat land climate conditions are The conditions are balanced, the soil water holding capacity is general, and it belongs to moderately weathered bare rock; the bare rock depression receives the least light, the soil water holding capacity is the highest, and the density of epiphytic vegetation is the highest, which belongs to weakly weathered bare rock; the bare rock convex area is severely weathered, with strong solar radiation, low reflectivity, high absorption rate, lowest water holding capacity, serious soil and water loss, and the lowest vegetation density, which belongs to strongly weathered bare rock; small-size bare rock refers to particle size 0-30cm, medium-size bare rock refers to particle size 30-50cm, and large-size bare rock refers to particle size above 50cm.

[0017] Furthermore, the planting matrix 1 in step (2) comprises, by weight, 30 to 32 parts of sphagnum moss, 20 to 22 parts of sawdust, 10 to 12 parts of pine phosphate, and 10 to 12 parts of perlite; after the perlite is disinfected with a 0.1wt% potassium permanganate solution, it is also necessary to rinse the perlite with clean water.

[0018] Furthermore, after the sphagnum moss in step (2) is fully moistened and absorbs water, the pH value is 5-6; the size of the sawdust is 3-7 mm; the particle size of the pine phosphate is 1-3 cm, and the pH value is 6.5-7; the particle size of the perlite is 3-5 mm, the porosity is 93%, and the bulk density is 0.16 g / cm 3 , water-gas ratio is 1:1.04, and pH value is 6.3.

[0019] Furthermore, 5 to 7 parts by weight of peat soil and 1 to 2 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose are added to the planting medium 1 in step (2).

[0020] Furthermore, the second planting matrix comprises, by weight, 30 to 32 parts of sphagnum moss, 10 to 12 parts of pine phosphate, 10 to 12 parts of pine needles, and 10 to 12 parts of vermiculite.

[0021] Furthermore, the pretreatment method of the vermiculite is: 1) soaking the vermiculite in an acid solution with a pH value of 5.5 to 6.5 for 3 to 5 hours, taking it out, and obtaining acid-leached vermiculite; 2) putting the acid-leached vermiculite into a polyacid solution and soaking it at 50 to 60° C. for 45 to 50 minutes; the polyacid solution includes, by weight, 100 parts of water, 10 to 12 parts of glacial acetic acid, and 1 to 3 parts of hydrochloric acid.

[0022] Furthermore, the planting bag in step (3) is a mesh bag formed by sewing two layers together, the lower layer is a non-woven fabric, and the upper layer is a diamond mesh sunshade net, and the mesh bag is used to fill the planting matrix; specifically, the upper diamond mesh sunshade net has a specification of 65cm×65cm, and the diamond specifications are: side length of 3cm, angles of 45°, 45°, 135° and 135°; the lower non-woven fabric has a specification of 60cm×60cm, and two sides are sewn with double-strand No. 203 sewing thread on three sides, and an opening is reserved for filling the planting matrix.

[0023] Furthermore, in the step (4), the non-woven fabric surface of the planting bag is firstly infiltrated with water containing moss and fern spores; the sunny slope stone surface and bare rock convex land use two kinds of fern spores, namely Nephrolepis cordifolia and Pellaea nitidula; the shady slope stone surface and bare rock concave land use moss and fern spores, namely Adiantum capillus and Erythrodontium julaceum; the flat land uses four kinds of spores, namely Nephrolepis cordifolia, Pellaeanitidula, Adiantum capillus and Erythrodontium julaceum; the sunny slope stone surface bare rock is highly weathered, and Dendrobium harveyanum, Dendrobium lohohense and Cymbidium sclerophyllum are planted. mannii); Dendrobium harveyanum is planted on bare rocks with small and medium grain sizes, and Dendrobium lohohense and Cymbidium mannii are planted on bare rocks with large grain sizes; Dendrobium officinale, Pleione bulbocodioides, Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera and Sedum sarmentosum are planted on the sunny slopes with weak weathering; Dendrobium officinale is planted on bare rocks with small grain sizes, Pleione bulbocodioides is planted on bare rocks with medium grain sizes, and Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera and Sedum sarmentosum are planted on bare rocks with large grain sizes. sarmentosum); the bare rock on the flat ground has a moderate weathering degree, and is planted with Dendrobium harveyanum, Dendrobium officinale, Dendrobium lohohense, Cymbidium mannii, and Pleione bulbocodioides;Dendrobium harveyanum, Dendrobium officinale and Pleione bulbocodioides are planted on bare rocks with small and medium grain sizes, and Dendrobium lohohense, Cymbidium mannii and Begonia grandis are planted on bare rocks with large grain sizes. The weathering degree of bare rock in bare rock depression is weak, and Cymbidium mannii, Pleione bulbocodioides, Begonia grandis, Saxifragastolonifera and Sedum sarmentosum are planted. Cymbidiummannii is planted on bare rocks with small grain sizes, Pleione bulbocodioides is planted on bare rocks with medium grain sizes, and Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera and Sedum sarmentosum; Dendrobium officinale, Dendrobium lohohense and Cymbidium mannii are planted on bare rock with strong weathering degree; Dendrobium officinale is planted on bare rock with small and medium grain size, and Dendrobium lohohense and Cymbidium mannii are planted on bare rock with large grain size. ;

[0024] Furthermore, in step (5), 600-800 times diluted 50% carbendazim with added indoleacetic acid and jasmonic acid is applied on the stone surface of the sloping land facing away from the sun and the bare rock depression; wherein the added amount of indoleacetic acid is 10-12 mg / L, and the added amount of jasmonic acid is 4-7 mg / L.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. The present invention divides the bare rock in the peak forest depression in the rocky desertification area into sunny slope, leeward slope, flat land, concave land and convex land according to the light intensity, topography, degree of bare rock weathering, soil water holding capacity and vegetation coverage rate, and divides the bare rock into three types of small particle size, medium particle size and large particle size according to the bare rock particle size, so as to achieve scientific and precise restoration according to local conditions, effectively improve the soil quality and hydrological conditions of the peak forest depression, increase the vegetation coverage rate and biodiversity, and significantly improve the function and stability of the ecosystem.

[0027] 2. Use fern and moss spores on the planting bags to promote soil formation, increase the soil formation rate, increase the organic matter content and water retention capacity of the bare rock surface, provide basic conditions for subsequent vegetation restoration, alleviate the limiting factors of soil moisture and nutrients, increase soil fertility and structural stability, and effectively improve the vegetation bare rock epiphytic effect; use environmentally friendly materials and equipment, with a wide range of raw materials, and retain the original vegetation to the greatest extent during the planting process, effectively reducing the damage to the original environment during the restoration process; use high water-holding matrix to effectively increase soil water retention.

[0028] 3. Select different substrates and different vegetation according to different terrains to effectively utilize natural resources; for sunny sloping stone surfaces, flat land and bare rock convex land, use a planting substrate composed of sphagnum moss, sawdust, pine phosphorus and perlite. Peat soil and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose are also added to the substrate to increase the water retention and root strengthening of the substrate, effectively increasing the stress resistance and survival rate of vegetation. Perlite is disinfected with potassium permanganate solution before use to prevent perlite from carrying diseases and reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests; for sunny sloping stone surfaces and bare rock concave land, use a planting substrate composed of water moss, sawdust, pine phosphorus and perlite. The second planting matrix is ​​composed of moss, pine phosphorus, pine needles and vermiculite. The composition ratio of the second planting matrix is ​​reasonably controlled. The matrix is ​​also added with 50% carbendazim dilution of indoleacetic acid and jasmonic acid, which can effectively prevent the matrix from mildewing in a relatively dark and humid environment, and at the same time cure the spots of the single garlic orchid and the hard-leaved orchid. The vermiculite is pre-treated with acid solution before use. The pre-treatment method of the vermiculite also includes soaking the acid-soaked vermiculite in a polyacid solution, so that the obtained vermiculite contains some polyacids, which can further prevent the matrix from mildewing and effectively increase the survival rate and aesthetics of the vegetation.

[0029] 4. Choose vegetation with different living habits and suitable for growing in rocky desertification areas. Plant Dendrobium sparse flower, Cymbidium cymbidium and Cymbidium sclerophyllum on sunny slopes. The roots of Dendrobium sparse flower can wrap around small-sized bare rocks. Cymbidium cymbidium and Cymbidium sclerophyllum have deep roots and can penetrate into the cracks of bare rocks, releasing acidic chemicals to dissolve minerals in the rocks and promote soil formation. Plant Dendrobium officinale, Cymbidium solani, Begonia, Saxifraga and Creeping Pen Grass on shady slopes. The roots of Dendrobium officinale can wrap around small-sized bare rocks. The organic acids and polyphenols secreted by the roots of Saxifrage and Begonia can produce chemical erosion and physical damage to the surface of bare rocks, and can decompose large-sized bare rocks into medium-sized and small-sized bare rocks; Dendrobium sparse flower, Dendrobium officinale, Cymbidium cymbidium, Cymbidium sclerophyllum, and Cymbidium solani are planted on flat land. The selected plants have deep roots and can pass through the cracks of harder rocks and invade deep soil or rocks, releasing acidic chemicals to dissolve minerals in the rocks. The roots of sclerophyllum and sclerophyllum are deep-rooted, and their roots can penetrate the cracks in the rocks, wrap around small and medium-sized bare rocks, and promote the decomposition of bare rocks. The organic acids and polyphenols secreted by the roots of sclerophyllum and begonia can produce chemical erosion and physical slope damage on the surface of bare rocks, and can decompose large-sized bare rocks into small and medium-sized bare rocks; Dendrobium officinale, Cymbidium cymbidium, and sclerophyllum are planted in convex areas. The selected plants have deep roots, and their roots can penetrate and wrap around bare rocks, release acidic chemicals to dissolve minerals in rocks, and promote soil formation; different vegetation is selected for different terrains, and the selected vegetation can fully adapt to the characteristics of the terrain environment, improve the survival rate and diffusion ability of vegetation, reduce the risk of pests and diseases, effectively prevent soil erosion, reduce soil and water loss, effectively improve the current situation of few epiphytic vegetation on bare rocks and serious soil and water loss, and increase biodiversity and stability.

[0030] 5. The present invention provides a high-efficiency restoration technology for vegetation epiphytic on bare rocks in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. The restoration operation steps are simple and fast, which greatly shortens the restoration process of the rocky desertification ecological environment and achieves high-efficiency restoration. The substrate is easy to obtain and the configuration method is simple, which can reduce the restoration cost and save manpower and material resources. The later maintenance is scientific and the management cost is low. Watering is done regularly, and fertilization is arranged reasonably according to the growth period of the vegetation, which increases the effect of vegetation root epiphyticism, helps the vegetation roots to be epiphytic on the planting substrate, and increases the vegetation survival rate. The selected vegetation is ornamental, the landscape is formed quickly, and the restoration effect is significant, which can improve the landscape aesthetics and ecological service value of the rocky desertification karst area. The results are stable and controllable, the vegetation can be harvested, and some vegetation has extremely high medicinal value, which can increase the income level of local people, improve the quality of life, and create economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The invention is a schematic structural diagram of a planting matrix, a planting bag, for a highly efficient method for repairing bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an example application of the high-efficiency restoration method of bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas of the present invention in peak forest depressions and concave land terrain.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an example application of the high-efficiency restoration method of bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas of the present invention in the sunny slope terrain of peak forest depressions.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the original vegetation degradation process.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the original bare rock in the peak forest depression.

[0036] Figure 6 The figure is a repair effect diagram using the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following embodiments may help those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but shall not limit the present invention in any way.

[0038] The present invention discloses a highly efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. The structures of the planting matrix one planting bag and the planting matrix two planting bags and the method for loading the planting matrix are the same. The specific structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, sphagnum moss is placed at the bottom of planting bag 1 and planting bag 2, and the remaining components except sphagnum moss are mixed evenly and then placed on top of the sphagnum moss to form planting bags for planting various vegetation, with sphagnum moss at the bottom and other components at the top. Fern and moss spores are used on the planting bags to promote soil formation and increase the organic matter content and water retention capacity of the bare rock surface.

[0039] The present invention provides a highly efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. In step (5) management and maintenance, regular watering specifically refers to: watering once every week in the early stage of planting to ensure the survival rate of the vegetation; the subsequent watering intervals can be gradually lengthened.

[0040] The invention discloses a highly efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. In the management and maintenance of step (5), if conditions such as manpower permit, winter fertilizer can be added to planting substrate one planting bag and planting substrate two planting bag in mid-November each year to store nutrients for vegetation during the winter, which can effectively improve the survival rate of vegetation during the winter. The winter fertilizer includes, by weight, 50 to 60 parts of peanut bran, 150 to 180 parts of decomposed pig and cow manure, 30 to 40 parts of bean cake, and 3 to 5 parts of superphosphate. In the early stage of planting, winter fertilizer can also be added to planting substrate one planting bag and planting substrate two planting bag to provide more nutrients for preparation.

[0041] The present invention discloses a highly efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. In step (5), in the management and maintenance, the method of applying N, P, and K water-soluble fertilizers at each stage is specifically as follows: 1g of N, P, and K water-soluble fertilizers are mixed with 2L of water, applied once every 15-20 days, poured into the planting matrix and thoroughly irrigated or sprayed on the front and back sides of the vegetation leaves.

[0042] The invention discloses a high-efficiency restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. After the sphagnum moss in step (2) is fully moistened and absorbs water, the pH value is 5-6; the size of sawdust is 3-7 mm; the particle size of pine phosphate is 1-3 cm and the pH value is 6.5-7; the particle size of perlite is 3-5 mm, the porosity is 93%, and the bulk density is 0.16 g / cm 3 , water-gas ratio is 1:1.04, pH value is 6.3; vermiculite particle size is 3-5mm, porosity is 95%, bulk density is 0.15g / cm 3 .

[0043] The present invention discloses a highly efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. The acid solution in the following embodiments is a sulfuric acid solution, and the acid in the acid solution may also be other acids except glacial acetic acid and hydrochloric acid.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] An efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, specifically: Figure 2 As shown, the steps include:

[0046] 1. Investigate and analyze the bare rock terrain of the rocky desertification peak forest depression in Du'an Yao Autonomous County, Hechi, Guangxi. The depression is less exposed to sunlight, has the highest soil water holding capacity, and has the highest density of epiphytic vegetation. It is suitable for planting species that prefer warm and humid conditions and tolerate shade. Before planting, remove scattered stones and dangerous rock bodies in the depression, protect the native vegetation during the process, and make reasonable use of stone cracks, stone caves, and stone troughs.

[0047] 2. Preparation of planting matrix. According to the terrain analysis, select planting matrix 2; Planting matrix 2: by weight, including: 30 parts of sphagnum moss, 10 parts of pine phosphorus, 10 parts of pine needles, and 10 parts of vermiculite; Vermiculite is pretreated before use, and the pretreatment method is: soak the vermiculite in an acid solution with a pH value of 6 for 4 hours, take it out, and obtain acid-soaked vermiculite; Planting matrix bagging method: first fill in the sphagnum moss that has fully absorbed water, and then disinfect and mix other matrices and put them into the planting bag.

[0048] 3. Laying and connecting the planting device, put the planting matrix into the planting bag, lay the planting bag according to the concave terrain, use steel nails, polypropylene resin packing tape and gaskets to connect each planting bag, a total of 21 planting bags are used; the planting bag is a mesh bag sewn together by the upper and lower layers, the lower layer is non-woven fabric, and the upper layer is a diamond mesh shade net, and the mesh bag is used to fill the planting matrix; the specifications of the upper diamond mesh shade net are 65cm×65cm, and the diamond specifications are: side length is 3cm, angles are 45°, 45°, 135° and 135°; the lower layer of non-woven fabric is 60cm×60cm, and two sides are sewn with double-strand No. 203 sewing thread on three sides, and an opening is reserved for filling the planting matrix; specifically, use 4cm steel nails to fix the polypropylene resin packing tape and the planting bag and fix them to the rock surface, the width of the packing tape is 2.5cm, and each planting bag uses 8 steel nails, and a 1.5cm×1.5cm packing tape gasket is added between the steel nails and the packing tape.

[0049] 4. Vegetation selection and planting: The depression receives the least sunlight, has the highest soil water holding capacity, and has the highest density of epiphytic vegetation. Vegetation that is shade-tolerant, waterlogged, and has rock-growing ability should be selected. The spores of two fern mosses that are waterlogged but not light-tolerant, Adiantum capillus and Erythrodontium julaceum, are selected. Five types of vegetation are selected, including Cymbidium mannii, Pleione bulbocodioides, Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera, and Sedum sarmentosum. Cymbidium mannii is planted on small-sized bare rocks, Pleione bulbocodioides is planted on medium-sized bare rocks, and Begonia grandis and Saxifraga stolonifera are planted on large-sized bare rocks. stolonifera) and Sedum sarmentosum. The planting time is chosen in spring, from the spring equinox to the Qingming Festival. The plants are selected to be strong, with large roots and thick stems and no diseases or insect pests. Before planting, the non-woven fabric surface of the planting bag is soaked with spore water. The vegetation is planted in the substrate through the diamond mesh. 3-5 plants are divided into a clump, and the planting density is 10×10cm. The vegetation with a large inclination angle planted on the edge of the concave land is fixed with sutures.

[0050] 5. Management and maintenance: water the plants once after planting, then water them once every other week, fertilize them regularly, and pay attention to pest and disease control such as gray mold, brown spot, scale insects and aphids. The prevention and control methods include increasing humidity, reducing nitrogen fertilizers and manually spraying pesticides to enhance the stress resistance and adaptability of vegetation; regularly supplement planting substrates and plants in the later stage; the regular fertilization process is: in the early stage of vegetation planting: apply 15%:15%:15% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the vegetation growth period (4 weeks after planting): apply 20%:20%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the flowering period (when flower buds appear): apply 20%:10%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; apply once every 18 days, water the planting substrate thoroughly or spray it on the front and back of the vegetation leaves.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] An efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, specifically: Figure 2 As shown, the steps include:

[0053] 1. Investigate and analyze the bare rock terrain of the rocky desertification peak forest depression in Du'an Yao Autonomous County, Hechi, Guangxi. The depression is less exposed to sunlight, has the highest soil water holding capacity, and has the highest density of epiphytic vegetation. It is suitable for planting species that prefer warm and humid conditions and tolerate shade. Before planting, remove scattered stones and dangerous rock bodies in the depression, protect the native vegetation during the process, and make reasonable use of stone cracks, stone caves, and stone troughs.

[0054] 2. Preparation of planting matrix. According to the terrain analysis, select planting matrix 2; planting matrix 2: by weight, including: 28 parts of sphagnum moss, 8 parts of pine phosphorus, 8 parts of pine needles, and 8 parts of vermiculite; the vermiculite is pre-treated before use, and the pre-treatment method is as follows: 1) the vermiculite is soaked in an acid solution with a pH value of 5.5 for 3 hours, and then taken out to obtain acid-soaked vermiculite; 2) the acid-soaked vermiculite is placed in a polyacid solution and soaked at 50° C. for 45 minutes; the polyacid solution includes, by weight, 100 parts of water, 10 parts of glacial acetic acid, and 1 part of hydrochloric acid; planting matrix bagging method: first fill in the sphagnum moss that has fully absorbed water, and then sterilize and mix other matrices and put them into the planting bag.

[0055] 3. Laying and connecting the planting device, put the planting matrix into the planting bag, lay the planting bag according to the concave terrain, use steel nails, polypropylene resin packing tape and gaskets to connect each planting bag, a total of 21 planting bags are used; the planting bag is a mesh bag sewn together by the upper and lower layers, the lower layer is non-woven fabric, and the upper layer is a diamond mesh shade net, and the mesh bag is used to fill the planting matrix; the specifications of the upper diamond mesh shade net are 65cm×65cm, and the diamond specifications are: side length is 3cm, angles are 45°, 45°, 135° and 135°; the lower layer of non-woven fabric is 60cm×60cm, and two sides are sewn with double-strand No. 203 sewing thread on three sides, and an opening is reserved for filling the planting matrix; specifically, use 4cm steel nails to fix the polypropylene resin packing tape and the planting bag and fix them to the rock surface, the width of the packing tape is 2.5cm, and each planting bag uses 8 steel nails, and a 1.5cm×1.5cm packing tape gasket is added between the steel nails and the packing tape.

[0056] 4. Vegetation selection and planting: depressions receive the least sunlight, have the highest soil water holding capacity, and have the highest density of epiphytic vegetation. Vegetation that is shade-tolerant, waterlogged-tolerant, and has the ability to grow on rocks should be selected. Two types of fern moss spores that are waterlogged-tolerant but not light-tolerant, Adiantum capillus and Erythrodontium julaceum, are selected; five types of vegetation, Cymbidium mannii, Pleione bulbocodioides, Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera, and Sedum sarmentosum, are selected. Cymbidium mannii is planted on small-sized bare rocks, Pleione bulbocodioides is planted on medium-sized bare rocks, and Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera, and Sedum sarmentosum are planted on large-sized bare rocks. The planting time is chosen in spring, from the vernal equinox to Qingming Festival. The plants should be selected as seedlings with strong growth, large roots, thick stems and no diseases or insect pests. Before planting, the non-woven fabric surface of the planting bag is soaked with spore water. The vegetation is planted in the substrate through the diamond mesh holes. 3-5 plants are divided into a clump. The planting density is 10×10cm. Vegetation with a large inclination angle planted on the edge of the depression is fixed with sutures.

[0057] 5. Management and maintenance: water the plants once after planting, then water them once every week, fertilize them regularly, and pay attention to pest and disease control such as gray mold, brown spot, scale insects and aphids. The prevention and control methods include increasing humidity, reducing nitrogen fertilizers and manually spraying pesticides to enhance the stress resistance and adaptability of vegetation; regularly supplement planting substrates and plants in the later stage; the regular fertilization process is: in the early stage of vegetation planting: apply 15%:15%:15% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the vegetation growth period (4 weeks after planting): apply 20%:20%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the flowering period (when flower buds appear): apply 20%:10%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; apply once every 15 days, water the planting substrate thoroughly or spray it on the front and back of the vegetation leaves. The depressions were treated with a 600-fold solution of 50% carbendazim with indoleacetic acid and jasmonic acid added, once every half a month; the amount of indoleacetic acid added was 10 mg / L and the amount of jasmonic acid added was 4 mg / L.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] An efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, specifically: Figure 2 As shown, the steps include:

[0060] 1. Investigate and analyze the bare rock terrain of the rocky desertification peak forest depression in Du'an Yao Autonomous County, Hechi, Guangxi. The depression is less exposed to sunlight, has the highest soil water holding capacity, and has the highest density of epiphytic vegetation. It is suitable for planting species that prefer warm and humid conditions and tolerate shade. Before planting, remove scattered stones and dangerous rock bodies in the depression, protect the native vegetation during the process, and make reasonable use of stone cracks, stone caves, and stone troughs.

[0061] 2. Preparation of planting matrix. According to the terrain analysis, select planting matrix 2; planting matrix 2: by weight, including: 32 parts of sphagnum moss, 12 parts of pine phosphorus, 12 parts of pine needles, and 12 parts of vermiculite; the vermiculite is pre-treated before use, and the pre-treatment method is as follows: 1) the vermiculite is soaked in an acid solution with a pH value of 6.5 for 5 hours, and then taken out to obtain acid-soaked vermiculite; 2) the acid-soaked vermiculite is placed in a polyacid solution and soaked at 60° C. for 50 minutes; the polyacid solution includes, by weight, 100 parts of water, 12 parts of glacial acetic acid, and 3 parts of hydrochloric acid; planting matrix bagging method: first fill in the sphagnum moss that has fully absorbed water, and then sterilize and mix other matrices and put them into the planting bag.

[0062] 3. Laying and connecting the planting device, put the planting matrix into the planting bag, lay the planting bag according to the concave terrain, use steel nails, polypropylene resin packing tape and gaskets to connect each planting bag, a total of 21 planting bags are used; the planting bag is a mesh bag sewn together by the upper and lower layers, the lower layer is non-woven fabric, and the upper layer is a diamond mesh shade net, and the mesh bag is used to fill the planting matrix; the specifications of the upper diamond mesh shade net are 65cm×65cm, and the diamond specifications are: side length is 3cm, angles are 45°, 45°, 135° and 135°; the lower layer of non-woven fabric is 60cm×60cm, and two sides are sewn with double-strand No. 203 sewing thread on three sides, and an opening is reserved for filling the planting matrix; specifically, use 4cm steel nails to fix the polypropylene resin packing tape and the planting bag and fix them to the rock surface, the width of the packing tape is 2.5cm, and each planting bag uses 8 steel nails, and a 1.5cm×1.5cm packing tape gasket is added between the steel nails and the packing tape.

[0063] 4. Vegetation selection and planting: The depression receives the least sunlight, has the highest soil water holding capacity, and has the highest density of epiphytic vegetation. Vegetation that is shade-tolerant, waterlogged, and has rock-growing ability should be selected. The spores of two fern mosses that are waterlogged but not light-tolerant, Adiantum capillus and Erythrodontium julaceum, are selected. Five types of vegetation are selected, including Cymbidium mannii, Pleione bulbocodioides, Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera, and Sedum sarmentosum. Cymbidium mannii is planted on small-sized bare rocks, Pleione bulbocodioides is planted on medium-sized bare rocks, and Begonia grandis and Saxifraga stolonifera are planted on large-sized bare rocks. stolonifera) and Sedum sarmentosum. The planting time is chosen in spring, from the spring equinox to the Qingming Festival. The plants are selected to be strong, with large roots and thick stems and no diseases or insect pests. Before planting, the non-woven fabric surface of the planting bag is soaked with spore water. The vegetation is planted in the substrate through the diamond mesh. 3-5 plants are divided into a clump, and the planting density is 10×10cm. The vegetation with a large inclination angle planted on the edge of the concave land is fixed with sutures.

[0064] 5. Management and maintenance: water the plants once after planting, then water them once every week, fertilize them regularly, and pay attention to pest and disease control such as gray mold, brown spot, scale insects and aphids. The prevention and control methods include increasing humidity, reducing nitrogen fertilizers and manually spraying pesticides to enhance the stress resistance and adaptability of vegetation; regularly supplement planting substrates and plants in the later stage; the regular fertilization process is: in the early stage of vegetation planting: apply 15%:15%:15% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the vegetation growth period (4 weeks after planting): apply 20%:20%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the flowering period (when flower buds appear): apply 20%:10%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; apply once every 20 days, water the planting substrate thoroughly or spray it on the front and back of the vegetation leaves. The depressions were treated with 800 times diluted 50% carbendazim with indoleacetic acid and jasmonic acid added, with a frequency of once every half a month; the amount of indoleacetic acid added was 12 mg / L and the amount of jasmonic acid added was 7 mg / L.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] An efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, specifically: Figure 2 As shown, the steps include:

[0067] 1. Investigate and analyze the bare rock terrain of the rocky desertification peak forest depression in Du'an Yao Autonomous County, Hechi, Guangxi. The depression is less exposed to sunlight, has the highest soil water holding capacity, and has the highest density of epiphytic vegetation. It is suitable for planting species that prefer warm and humid conditions and tolerate shade. Before planting, remove scattered stones and dangerous rock bodies in the depression, protect the native vegetation during the process, and make reasonable use of stone cracks, stone caves, and stone troughs.

[0068] 2. Preparation of planting matrix: According to the terrain analysis, select planting matrix 2; planting matrix 2: by weight, including: 30 parts of sphagnum moss, 10 parts of pine phosphorus, 10 parts of pine needles, and 10 parts of vermiculite; the vermiculite is pre-treated before use, and the pre-treatment method is as follows: 1) the vermiculite is soaked in an acid solution with a pH value of 6 for 4 hours, and then taken out to obtain acid-soaked vermiculite; 2) the acid-soaked vermiculite is placed in a polyacid solution and soaked at 55° C. for 47 minutes; the polyacid solution includes, by weight, 100 parts of water, 11 parts of glacial acetic acid, and 2 parts of hydrochloric acid; planting matrix bagging method: first fill in the sphagnum moss that has fully absorbed water, and then sterilize and mix other matrices and put them into the planting bag.

[0069] 3. Laying and connecting the planting device, put the planting matrix into the planting bag, lay the planting bag according to the concave terrain, use steel nails, polypropylene resin packing tape and gaskets to connect each planting bag, a total of 21 planting bags are used; the planting bag is a mesh bag sewn together by the upper and lower layers, the lower layer is non-woven fabric, and the upper layer is a diamond mesh shade net, and the mesh bag is used to fill the planting matrix; the specifications of the upper diamond mesh shade net are 65cm×65cm, and the diamond specifications are: side length is 3cm, angles are 45°, 45°, 135° and 135°; the lower layer of non-woven fabric is 60cm×60cm, and two sides are sewn with double-strand No. 203 sewing thread on three sides, and an opening is reserved for filling the planting matrix; specifically, use 4cm steel nails to fix the polypropylene resin packing tape and the planting bag and fix them to the rock surface, the width of the packing tape is 2.5cm, and each planting bag uses 8 steel nails, and a 1.5cm×1.5cm packing tape gasket is added between the steel nails and the packing tape.

[0070] 4. Vegetation selection and planting: The depression receives the least sunlight, has the highest soil water holding capacity, and has the highest density of epiphytic vegetation. Vegetation that is shade-tolerant, waterlogged, and has rock-growing ability should be selected. The spores of two fern mosses that are waterlogged but not light-tolerant, Adiantum capillus and Erythrodontium julaceum, are selected. Five types of vegetation are selected, including Cymbidium mannii, Pleione bulbocodioides, Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera, and Sedum sarmentosum. Cymbidium mannii is planted on small-sized bare rocks, Pleione bulbocodioides is planted on medium-sized bare rocks, and Begonia grandis and Saxifraga stolonifera are planted on large-sized bare rocks. stolonifera) and Sedum sarmentosum. The planting time is chosen in spring, from the spring equinox to the Qingming Festival. The plants are selected to be strong, with large roots and thick stems and no diseases or insect pests. Before planting, the non-woven fabric surface of the planting bag is soaked with spore water. The vegetation is planted in the substrate through the diamond mesh. 3-5 plants are divided into a clump, and the planting density is 10×10cm. The vegetation with a large inclination angle planted on the edge of the concave land is fixed with sutures.

[0071] 5. Management and maintenance: water the plants once after planting, then water them once every other week, fertilize them regularly, and pay attention to pest and disease control such as gray mold, brown spot, scale insects and aphids. The prevention and control methods include increasing humidity, reducing nitrogen fertilizers and manually spraying pesticides to enhance the stress resistance and adaptability of vegetation; regularly supplement planting substrates and plants in the later stage; the regular fertilization process is: in the early stage of vegetation planting: apply 15%:15%:15% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the vegetation growth period (4 weeks after planting): apply 20%:20%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the flowering period (when flower buds appear): apply 20%:10%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; apply once every 18 days, water the planting substrate thoroughly or spray it on the front and back of the vegetation leaves. The depressions were treated with a 700-fold solution of 50% carbendazim with indoleacetic acid and jasmonic acid added, once every half a month; the amount of indoleacetic acid added was 11 mg / L and the amount of jasmonic acid added was 5 mg / L.

[0072] Example 5

[0073] An efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, specifically: Figure 2 As shown, the steps include:

[0074] 1. Investigate and analyze the bare rock terrain of the rocky desertification peak forest depression in Du'an Yao Autonomous County, Hechi, Guangxi. The depression is less exposed to sunlight, has the highest soil water holding capacity, and has the highest density of epiphytic vegetation. It is suitable for planting species that prefer warm and humid conditions and tolerate shade. Before planting, remove scattered stones and dangerous rock bodies in the depression, protect the native vegetation during the process, and make reasonable use of stone cracks, stone caves, and stone troughs.

[0075] 2. Preparation of planting matrix. According to the terrain analysis, select planting matrix 2; Planting matrix 2: by weight, including: 30 parts of sphagnum moss, 10 parts of pine phosphorus, 10 parts of pine needles, and 10 parts of vermiculite; Vermiculite is pretreated before use, and the pretreatment method is as follows: 1) Soak the vermiculite in an acid solution with a pH value of 6 for 4 hours, take it out, and obtain acid-soaked vermiculite; Planting matrix bagging method: first fill in the sphagnum moss that has fully absorbed water, and then disinfect and mix other matrices and put them into the planting bag.

[0076] 3. Laying and connecting the planting device, put the planting matrix into the planting bag, lay the planting bag according to the concave terrain, use steel nails, polypropylene resin packing tape and gaskets to connect each planting bag, a total of 21 planting bags are used; the planting bag is a mesh bag sewn together by the upper and lower layers, the lower layer is non-woven fabric, and the upper layer is a diamond mesh shade net, and the mesh bag is used to fill the planting matrix; the specifications of the upper diamond mesh shade net are 65cm×65cm, and the diamond specifications are: side length is 3cm, angles are 45°, 45°, 135° and 135°; the lower layer of non-woven fabric is 60cm×60cm, and two sides are sewn with double-strand No. 203 sewing thread on three sides, and an opening is reserved for filling the planting matrix; specifically, use 4cm steel nails to fix the polypropylene resin packing tape and the planting bag and fix them to the rock surface, the width of the packing tape is 2.5cm, and each planting bag uses 8 steel nails, and a 1.5cm×1.5cm packing tape gasket is added between the steel nails and the packing tape.

[0077] 4. Vegetation selection and planting: The depression receives the least sunlight, has the highest soil water holding capacity, and has the highest density of epiphytic vegetation. Vegetation that is shade-tolerant, waterlogged, and has rock-growing ability should be selected. The spores of two fern mosses that are waterlogged but not light-tolerant, Adiantum capillus and Erythrodontium julaceum, are selected. Five types of vegetation are selected, including Cymbidium mannii, Pleione bulbocodioides, Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera, and Sedum sarmentosum. Cymbidium mannii is planted on small-sized bare rocks, Pleione bulbocodioides is planted on medium-sized bare rocks, and Begonia grandis and Saxifraga stolonifera are planted on large-sized bare rocks. stolonifera) and Sedum sarmentosum. The planting time is chosen in spring, from the spring equinox to the Qingming Festival. The plants are selected to be strong, with large roots and thick stems and no diseases or insect pests. Before planting, the non-woven fabric surface of the planting bag is soaked with spore water. The vegetation is planted in the substrate through the diamond mesh. 3-5 plants are divided into a clump, and the planting density is 10×10cm. The vegetation with a large inclination angle planted on the edge of the concave land is fixed with sutures.

[0078] 5. Management and maintenance: water the plants once after planting, then water them once every other week, fertilize them regularly, and pay attention to pest and disease control such as gray mold, brown spot, scale insects and aphids. The prevention and control methods include increasing humidity, reducing nitrogen fertilizers and manually spraying pesticides to enhance the stress resistance and adaptability of vegetation; regularly supplement planting substrates and plants in the later stage; the regular fertilization process is: in the early stage of vegetation planting: apply 15%:15%:15% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the vegetation growth period (4 weeks after planting): apply 20%:20%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the flowering period (when flower buds appear): apply 20%:10%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; apply once every 18 days, water the planting substrate thoroughly or spray it on the front and back of the vegetation leaves. The depressions were treated with a 700-fold solution of 50% carbendazim with indoleacetic acid and jasmonic acid added, once every half a month; the amount of indoleacetic acid added was 11 mg / L and the amount of jasmonic acid added was 5 mg / L.

[0079] Example 6

[0080] An efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, specifically: Figure 2 As shown, the steps include:

[0081] 1. Investigate and analyze the bare rock terrain of the rocky desertification peak forest depression in Du'an Yao Autonomous County, Hechi, Guangxi. The depression is less exposed to sunlight, has the highest soil water holding capacity, and has the highest density of epiphytic vegetation. It is suitable for planting species that prefer warm and humid conditions and tolerate shade. Before planting, remove scattered stones and dangerous rock bodies in the depression, protect the native vegetation during the process, and make reasonable use of stone cracks, stone caves, and stone troughs.

[0082] 2. Preparation of planting matrix: According to the terrain analysis, select planting matrix 2; planting matrix 2: by weight, including: 30 parts of sphagnum moss, 10 parts of pine phosphorus, 10 parts of pine needles, and 10 parts of vermiculite; the vermiculite is pre-treated before use, and the pre-treatment method is as follows: 1) the vermiculite is soaked in an acid solution with a pH value of 6 for 4 hours, and then taken out to obtain acid-soaked vermiculite; 2) the acid-soaked vermiculite is placed in a polyacid solution and soaked at 55° C. for 47 minutes; the polyacid solution includes, by weight, 100 parts of water, 11 parts of glacial acetic acid, and 2 parts of hydrochloric acid; planting matrix bagging method: first fill in the sphagnum moss that has fully absorbed water, and then sterilize and mix other matrices and put them into the planting bag.

[0083] 3. Laying and connecting the planting device, put the planting matrix into the planting bag, lay the planting bag according to the concave terrain, use steel nails, polypropylene resin packing tape and gaskets to connect each planting bag, a total of 21 planting bags are used; the planting bag is a mesh bag sewn together by the upper and lower layers, the lower layer is non-woven fabric, and the upper layer is a diamond mesh shade net, and the mesh bag is used to fill the planting matrix; the specifications of the upper diamond mesh shade net are 65cm×65cm, and the diamond specifications are: side length is 3cm, angles are 45°, 45°, 135° and 135°; the lower layer of non-woven fabric is 60cm×60cm, and two sides are sewn with double-strand No. 203 sewing thread on three sides, and an opening is reserved for filling the planting matrix; specifically, use 4cm steel nails to fix the polypropylene resin packing tape and the planting bag and fix them to the rock surface, the width of the packing tape is 2.5cm, and each planting bag uses 8 steel nails, and a 1.5cm×1.5cm packing tape gasket is added between the steel nails and the packing tape.

[0084] 4. Vegetation selection and planting: The depression receives the least sunlight, has the highest soil water holding capacity, and has the highest density of epiphytic vegetation. Vegetation that is shade-tolerant, waterlogged, and has rock-growing ability should be selected. The spores of two fern mosses that are waterlogged but not light-tolerant, Adiantum capillus and Erythrodontium julaceum, are selected. Five types of vegetation are selected, including Cymbidium mannii, Pleione bulbocodioides, Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera, and Sedum sarmentosum. Cymbidium mannii is planted on small-sized bare rocks, Pleione bulbocodioides is planted on medium-sized bare rocks, and Begonia grandis and Saxifraga stolonifera are planted on large-sized bare rocks. stolonifera) and Sedum sarmentosum. The planting time is chosen in spring, from the spring equinox to the Qingming Festival. The plants are selected to be strong, with large roots and thick stems and no diseases or insect pests. Before planting, the non-woven fabric surface of the planting bag is soaked with spore water. The vegetation is planted in the substrate through the diamond mesh. 3-5 plants are divided into a clump, and the planting density is 10×10cm. The vegetation with a large inclination angle planted on the edge of the concave land is fixed with sutures.

[0085] 5. Management and maintenance: water the plants once after planting, then water them once every other week, fertilize them regularly, and pay attention to pest and disease control such as gray mold, brown spot, scale insects and aphids. The prevention and control methods include increasing humidity, reducing nitrogen fertilizers and manually spraying pesticides to enhance the stress resistance and adaptability of vegetation; regularly supplement planting substrates and plants in the later stage; the regular fertilization process is: in the early stage of vegetation planting: apply 15%:15%:15% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the vegetation growth period (4 weeks after planting): apply 20%:20%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the flowering period (when flower buds appear): apply 20%:10%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; apply once every 18 days, water the planting substrate thoroughly or spray it on the front and back of the vegetation leaves.

[0086] Embodiment 7:

[0087] An efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, specifically: Figure 3 As shown, the steps include:

[0088] 1. Investigate and analyze the bare rock terrain of the rocky desertification peak forest depression in Du'an Yao Autonomous County, Hechi City, Guangxi. This mountain faces the sun and is a sunny slope area with strong light intensity, low vegetation density, and rapid soil moisture loss. This area is suitable for planting drought-resistant and barren-resistant vegetation. Before planting, scattered stones and dangerous rock bodies on the sunny slope should be removed. During the process, the native vegetation should be protected, and stone cracks, stone caves, and stone troughs should be reasonably utilized.

[0089] 2. Selection of planting matrix: According to terrain analysis, select the first planting matrix, planting matrix one: by weight, including: 30 parts of sphagnum moss, 20 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of pine phosphate, 10 parts of perlite, 6 parts of peat soil, and 2 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; after disinfecting the perlite with 0.1wt% potassium permanganate solution, it is also necessary to rinse the perlite with clean water; planting matrix bagging method: first fill in the sphagnum moss that has fully absorbed water, and then disinfect and mix other matrices and put them into the planting bag.

[0090] 3. Laying and connecting the planting device, put the planting matrix into the planting bag, lay the planting bag according to the slope terrain, use steel nails, polypropylene resin strapping and gaskets to connect each planting bag, and use a total of 32 planting bags. The planting bag is a mesh bag made of two layers, the lower layer is non-woven fabric, and the upper layer is a diamond mesh sunshade net, which is used to fill the planting matrix; the upper diamond mesh sunshade net has a specification of 65cm×65cm, and the diamond specifications are: side length of 3cm, angles of 45°, 45°, 135° and 135°; the lower non-woven fabric has a specification of 60cm×60cm, and two sides are sewn with double-strand No. 203 sewing thread on three sides, and an opening is reserved for filling the planting matrix; specifically, use 4cm steel nails to fix the polypropylene resin strapping and planting bag and fix them on the rock surface, the strapping width is 2.5cm, and each planting bag uses 8 steel nails, and a 1.5cm×1.5cm strapping gasket is added between the steel nails and the strapping.

[0091] 4. Vegetation selection and planting: The sunny slope area is subject to strong solar radiation, low reflectivity, high absorption rate, and prone to high temperature, resulting in large water evaporation, low soil fertility and water holding capacity, few epiphytic vegetation on bare rocks, and easy loss of water and soil; two fern spores, Nephrolepis cordifolia and Pellaea nitidula, were selected. Both ferns are drought-resistant and can survive under strong light; three types of vegetation, Dendrobium harveyanum, Dendrobium lohohense and Cymbidium mannii, were selected. Dendrobium harveyanum was planted on bare rocks with small and medium grain sizes, and Dendrobium lohohense and Cymbidium mannii were planted on bare rocks with large grain sizes. The planting time is chosen in spring, from the Spring Equinox to Qingming Festival. The plants should be selected as seedlings with strong growth, large roots and thick stems, and no diseases or insect pests. Before planting, the non-woven fabric surface of the planting bag is soaked with spore water, and the vegetation is planted in the substrate through the diamond mesh holes. 3-5 plants are divided into a clump, and the planting density is 10×10cm.

[0092] 5. Management and maintenance: water the plants once after planting, then water them once every week, fertilize them regularly, and pay attention to pest and disease control such as gray mold, brown spot, scale insects and aphids. The prevention and control methods include increasing humidity, reducing nitrogen fertilizers and manually spraying pesticides to enhance the stress resistance and adaptability of vegetation; regularly supplement planting substrates and plants in the later stage; the regular fertilization process is: in the early stage of vegetation planting: apply 15%:15%:15% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the vegetation growth period (4 weeks after planting): apply 20%:20%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the flowering period (when flower buds appear): apply 20%:10%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; apply once every 15 days, water the planting substrate thoroughly or spray it on the front and back of the vegetation leaves.

[0093] Embodiment 8:

[0094] An efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, specifically: Figure 3 As shown, the steps include:

[0095] 1. Investigate and analyze the bare rock terrain of the rocky desertification peak forest depression in Du'an Yao Autonomous County, Hechi City, Guangxi. This mountain faces the sun and is a sunny slope area with strong light intensity, low vegetation density, and rapid soil moisture loss. This area is suitable for planting drought-resistant and barren-resistant vegetation. Before planting, scattered stones and dangerous rock bodies on the sunny slope should be removed. During the process, the native vegetation should be protected, and stone cracks, stone caves, and stone troughs should be reasonably utilized.

[0096] 2. Selection of planting matrix: According to terrain analysis, the first planting matrix is ​​selected. Planting matrix one: by weight, it includes: 30 parts of sphagnum moss, 20 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of pine phosphate, and 10 parts of perlite; after disinfecting the perlite with 0.1wt% potassium permanganate solution, it is also necessary to rinse the perlite with clean water; Planting matrix bagging method: first fill in the sphagnum moss that has fully absorbed water, and then disinfect and mix other matrices and put them into the planting bag.

[0097] 3. Laying and connecting the planting device, put the planting matrix into the planting bag, lay the planting bag according to the slope terrain, use steel nails, polypropylene resin strapping and gaskets to connect each planting bag, and use a total of 32 planting bags. The planting bag is a mesh bag made of two layers, the lower layer is non-woven fabric, and the upper layer is a diamond mesh sunshade net, which is used to fill the planting matrix; the upper diamond mesh sunshade net has a specification of 65cm×65cm, and the diamond specifications are: side length of 3cm, angles of 45°, 45°, 135° and 135°; the lower non-woven fabric has a specification of 60cm×60cm, and two sides are sewn with double-strand No. 203 sewing thread on three sides, and an opening is reserved for filling the planting matrix; specifically, use 4cm steel nails to fix the polypropylene resin strapping and planting bag and fix them on the rock surface, the strapping width is 2.5cm, and each planting bag uses 8 steel nails, and a 1.5cm×1.5cm strapping gasket is added between the steel nails and the strapping.

[0098] 4. Vegetation selection and planting: The sunny slope area is subject to strong solar radiation, low reflectivity, high absorption rate, and prone to high temperature, resulting in large water evaporation, low soil fertility and water holding capacity, few epiphytic vegetation on bare rocks, and easy loss of water and soil; two fern spores, Nephrolepis cordifolia and Pellaea nitidula, were selected. Both ferns are drought-resistant and can survive under strong light; three types of vegetation, Dendrobium harveyanum, Dendrobium lohohense and Cymbidium mannii, were selected. Dendrobium harveyanum was planted on bare rocks with small and medium grain sizes, and Dendrobium lohohense and Cymbidium mannii were planted on bare rocks with large grain sizes. The planting time is chosen in spring, from the Spring Equinox to Qingming Festival. The plants should be selected as seedlings with strong growth, large roots and thick stems, and no diseases or insect pests. Before planting, the non-woven fabric surface of the planting bag is soaked with spore water, and the vegetation is planted in the substrate through the diamond mesh holes. 3-5 plants are divided into a clump, and the planting density is 10×10cm.

[0099] 5. Management and maintenance: water the plants once after planting, then water them once every week, fertilize them regularly, and pay attention to pest and disease control such as gray mold, brown spot, scale insects and aphids. The prevention and control methods include increasing humidity, reducing nitrogen fertilizers and manually spraying pesticides to enhance the stress resistance and adaptability of vegetation; regularly supplement planting substrates and plants in the later stage; the regular fertilization process is: in the early stage of vegetation planting: apply 15%:15%:15% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the vegetation growth period (4 weeks after planting): apply 20%:20%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the flowering period (when flower buds appear): apply 20%:10%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; apply once every 15 days, water the planting substrate thoroughly or spray it on the front and back of the vegetation leaves.

[0100] Comparative Example 1

[0101] A highly efficient restoration method for epiphytic vegetation on bare rocks in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. A depression with little sunlight and a sunny slope are found in bare rocks in rocky peak forest depressions in Du'an Yao Autonomous County, Hechi City, Guangxi Province. Two fern moss spores, Adiantum capillus and Erythrodontium julaceum, which are waterlogged-resistant but light-intolerant, are selected in the depression. Five vegetation types, Cymbidium mannii, Pleione bulbocodioides, Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera and Sedumsarmentosum, are selected as vegetation. Cymbidium mannii is planted on bare rocks with small grain size, Pleione bulbocodioides is planted on bare rocks with medium grain size, and Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera and Sedumsarmentosum are planted on bare rocks with large grain size. stolonifera) and Sedum sarmentosum. Nephrolepis cordifolia and Pellaea nitidula were selected for the sunny slope area. Both ferns are drought-resistant and can survive under strong light. Dendrobium harveyanum, Dendrobium lohohense and Cymbidium mannii were selected for vegetation. Dendrobium harveyanum was planted in small- and medium-sized bare rocks, and Dendrobium lohohense and Cymbidium mannii were planted in large-sized bare rocks. The difference from Example 1 is that planting matrix 1 is used in the concave land, and planting matrix 2 is used in the sunny slope area; the management and maintenance methods are the same as those in Example 1.

[0102] Comparative Example 2

[0103] A highly efficient restoration method for epiphytic vegetation on bare rocks in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. A depression with little sunlight and a sunny slope are found in bare rocks in rocky peak forest depressions in Du'an Yao Autonomous County, Hechi City, Guangxi Province. Two fern moss spores, Adiantum capillus and Erythrodontium julaceum, which are waterlogged-resistant but light-intolerant, are selected in the depression. Five vegetation types, Cymbidium mannii, Pleione bulbocodioides, Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera and Sedumsarmentosum, are selected as vegetation. Cymbidium mannii is planted on bare rocks with small grain size, Pleione bulbocodioides is planted on bare rocks with medium grain size, and Begonia grandis, Saxifraga stolonifera and Sedumsarmentosum are planted on bare rocks with large grain size. In the sunny slope area, spores of two types of ferns, Nephrolepis cordifolia and Pellaea nitidula, were selected. Both ferns are drought-tolerant and can survive under strong light. Three types of vegetation, Dendrobium harveyanum, Dendrobium lohohense and Cymbidium mannii, were selected. Dendrobium harveyanum was planted on small- and medium-sized bare rocks, while Dendrobium lohohense and Cymbidium mannii were planted on large-sized bare rocks. The difference from Example 1 is that conventional planting matrix is ​​used in both the concave area and the sunny slope area. The conventional planting matrix includes, by weight, 60 parts of coconut bran, 40 parts of loam, 20 parts of edible fungus residue, 30 parts of straw powder, and 20 parts of perlite; the management and maintenance methods are the same as those in Example 1.

[0104] The repair conditions of the above-mentioned embodiments 1-8 and the comparative example are statistically analyzed, and the statistical results are shown in the following Tables 1 and 2.

[0105] Table 1

[0106]

[0107] Table 2

[0108]

[0109] Table 1 and Table 2 show the survival of various vegetation. The survival is only the initial effect. The subsequent growth and reproduction of surviving vegetation can better reflect the restoration situation. Comparing the growth of vegetation 2 years after restoration, we can see Figure 6It can be seen that the use of the method of the present invention for restoration can make the growth of various vegetation more vigorous, the effect more significant, and the landscape formation faster. It can be seen from the restoration situation of the above embodiments that the present invention divides the bare rock of the peak forest depression in the rocky desertification area into sunny slopes, shady slopes, flat land, concave land and convex land according to the light intensity, topography, degree of bare rock weathering, soil water holding capacity and vegetation coverage rate, so as to achieve scientific and precise restoration in accordance with local conditions, effectively improve the soil quality and hydrological conditions of the peak forest depression, increase vegetation coverage and biodiversity, and significantly improve the function and stability of the ecosystem. Fern and moss spores are used on the planting bags to promote soil formation, increase the soil formation rate, increase the organic matter content and water retention capacity of the bare rock surface, provide basic conditions for subsequent vegetation restoration, alleviate the limiting factors of soil moisture and nutrients, increase soil fertility and structural stability, and effectively improve the effect of vegetation on bare rock epiphyses; the use of environmentally friendly materials and devices, the source of raw materials is wide, the planting process retains the original vegetation to the greatest extent, and effectively reduces the damage to the original environment during the restoration process; the use of high water holding matrix effectively increases the soil water holding capacity. Different substrates and different vegetation are selected according to different terrains to effectively utilize natural resources; for sunny sloping stone surfaces, flat land and bare rock convex land, a planting substrate composed of sphagnum moss, sawdust, pine phosphorus and perlite is used. Peat soil and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose are also added to the substrate to increase the water retention and root strengthening of the substrate, effectively increasing the stress resistance and survival rate of vegetation. Perlite is disinfected with potassium permanganate solution before use to prevent perlite from carrying diseases and reduce the occurrence of vegetation diseases and insect pests; for sunny sloping stone surfaces and bare rock depressions, sphagnum moss is used. The second planting matrix is ​​composed of pine phosphorus, pine needles and vermiculite. The composition ratio of the second planting matrix is ​​reasonably controlled. The matrix is ​​also added with 50% carbendazim dilution of indoleacetic acid and jasmonic acid, which can effectively prevent the matrix from mildewing in a relatively dark and humid environment, and at the same time cure the spots of the single garlic orchid and the hard-leaved orchid. The vermiculite is pre-treated with acid solution before use. The pre-treatment method of the vermiculite also includes soaking the acid-soaked vermiculite in a polyacid solution, so that the obtained vermiculite contains some polyacids, which can further prevent the matrix from mildewing and effectively increase the survival rate and aesthetics of the vegetation.Select vegetation with different living habits and suitable for growing in rocky desertification areas. Plant Dendrobium sparse flower, Cymbidium cymbidium and Cymbidium sclerophyllum on sunny slopes. The roots of Dendrobium sparse flower can wrap around small-sized bare rocks. Cymbidium cymbidium and Cymbidium sclerophyllum have deep roots, which can penetrate into the cracks of bare rocks, release acidic chemicals to dissolve minerals in rocks, and promote soil formation; plant Dendrobium officinale, Orchid solani, Begonia, Saxifraga and Orchidaceae on shady slopes. The roots of Dendrobium officinale can wrap around small-sized bare rocks and increase the decomposition rate of bare rocks. The organic acids and polyphenols secreted by the roots of Saxifraga and Begonia can produce chemical erosion and physical slope damage on the surface of bare rocks, and can decompose large-sized bare rocks into small and medium-sized bare rocks; plant Dendrobium sparse flower, Dendrobium officinale, Cymbidium cymbidium, Cymbidium sclerophyllum and Orchid solani on flat land. The selected plants have deep roots, which can pass through the cracks of harder rocks and invade deep soil or rocks, releasing acidic chemicals to dissolve minerals in rocks. , accelerating the decomposition of bare rock into soil; planting sclerophyllum, garlic orchid, begonia, saxifrage and creeping grass in depressions. Sclerophyllum and garlic orchid have deep root systems, and their roots can pass through the cracks in the rocks, wrap around small and medium-sized bare rocks, and promote the decomposition of bare rocks. The organic acids and polyphenols secreted by the roots of saxifrage and begonia can produce chemical erosion and physical slope damage on the surface of bare rocks, and can decompose large-sized bare rocks into small and medium-sized bare rocks; planting Dendrobium officinale, Cymbidium cymbidium and sclerophyllum in convex areas. The selected plants have deep root systems, and their roots can penetrate and wrap around bare rocks, release acidic chemicals to dissolve minerals in rocks, and promote soil formation; different vegetation is selected for different terrains, and the selected vegetation can fully adapt to the characteristics of the terrain environment, improve the survival rate and diffusion ability of vegetation, reduce the risk of pests and diseases, effectively prevent soil erosion, reduce soil and water loss, effectively improve the current situation of few epiphytic vegetation on bare rocks and serious soil and water loss, and increase biodiversity and stability. The invention discloses a high-efficiency restoration technology for vegetation epiphytic on bare rocks in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. The restoration operation steps are simple and fast, and the restoration process of the rocky desertification ecological environment is greatly shortened, so as to achieve high-efficiency restoration. The substrate is easy to obtain and the configuration method is simple, so the restoration cost can be reduced and manpower and material resources can be saved. The later maintenance is scientific and the management cost is low. Watering is performed regularly and fertilization is reasonably arranged according to the growth period of the vegetation, so as to increase the epiphytic effect of the vegetation roots, help the vegetation roots to be epiphytic on the planting substrate, and increase the vegetation survival rate. The selected vegetation is ornamental, the landscape is formed quickly, the restoration effect is remarkable, and the landscape aesthetics and ecological service value of the rocky desertification karst area can be improved. The results are stable and controllable, the vegetation can be harvested, and some of the vegetation has extremely high medicinal value, which can increase the income level of local people, improve the quality of life, and create economic benefits.

[0110] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient restoration method for bare rock epiphytic vegetation in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas. It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) Terrain analysis and arrangement: The bare rock terrain in the peak forest depression in the rocky desertification area includes: rock surface on the sunny slope, rock surface on the leeward slope, flat land, bare rock depression and bare rock convex land; bare rock can be divided into small-size bare rock, medium-size bare rock and large-size bare rock according to its particle size; scattered stones and dangerous rock bodies should be removed; (2) Preparation of planting medium: The planting matrix 1 suitable for the sunny sloping stone surface, flat land and bare rock convex land in step (1) comprises, by weight: 28-32 parts of sphagnum moss, 18-22 parts of sawdust, 8-12 parts of pine phosphate and 8-12 parts of perlite; the perlite is disinfected with 0.1wt% potassium permanganate solution before use; The second planting matrix suitable for the stone surface of the sloping land and the bare rock depression in step (1) includes, by weight, 28 to 32 parts of sphagnum moss, 8 to 12 parts of pine phosphorus, 8 to 12 parts of pine needles, and 8 to 12 parts of vermiculite. Before the vermiculite is used, it is pre-treated with an acid solution with a pH value of 5.5 to 6.5, and the pre-treatment method is as follows: 1) the vermiculite is soaked in an acid solution with a pH value of 5.5 to 6.5 for 3 to 5 hours, and then taken out to obtain acid-soaked vermiculite; 2) the acid-soaked vermiculite is placed in a polyacid solution and soaked at 50 to 60° C. for 45 to 50 minutes; the polyacid solution includes, by weight, 100 parts of water, 10 to 12 parts of glacial acetic acid, and 1 to 3 parts of hydrochloric acid; (3) Laying and connecting planting devices: sterilizing the planting substrate 1 and the planting substrate 2 respectively, and then putting the sterilized planting substrate 1 and the planting substrate 2 into planting bags respectively to obtain the planting substrate 1 planting bag and the planting substrate 2 planting bag; laying the planting substrate 1 planting bag and the planting substrate 2 planting bag respectively according to the terrain classification, and connecting the planting bags to each other; (4) Vegetation selection and planting: Select vegetation with different living habits and suitable for growing in rocky desertification areas, and plant them in planting medium 1 planting bags and planting medium 2 planting bags respectively, and water the newly planted vegetation; the selected vegetation includes ferns and mosses; (5) Management and maintenance: water and fertilize regularly, prevent and control pests and diseases in a timely manner, and replant regularly; the regular fertilization process is as follows: in the early stage of vegetation planting: apply 15%:15%:15% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the vegetation growth period: apply 20%:20%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; in the flowering period: apply 20%:10%:20% N, P, K water-soluble fertilizers; apply once every 15 to 20 days, pour it into the planting medium or spray it on the front and back of the vegetation leaves; In step (2), 5 to 7 parts by weight of peat soil and 1 to 2 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose are further added to the planting medium 1; In the step (5), 600-800 times of 50% carbendazim diluted with indoleacetic acid and jasmonic acid is applied to the stone surface of the sloping land away from the sun and the bare rock depression; wherein the amount of indoleacetic acid added is 10-12 mg / L, and the amount of jasmonic acid added is 4-7 mg / L.

2. According to claim 1, a highly efficient restoration method for vegetation epiphytic on bare rocks in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas, It is characterized in that In step (1), the stone surface of the sunny slope is strongly irradiated by the sun, has low reflectivity and high absorption rate, and is prone to high temperature, resulting in large water evaporation, low soil fertility and water holding capacity, few vegetation on bare rocks, and serious soil erosion, which is a strongly weathered bare rock; the stone surface of the shady slope is subjected to soft solar radiation, moist soil, relatively low temperature, less water evaporation, higher soil fertility and water holding capacity, and a higher density of vegetation on bare rocks than that on sunny slopes, which is a weakly weathered bare rock; the climatic conditions on the flat land are uniform. The soil water holding capacity is average, which belongs to moderately weathered bare rock; the bare rock depression receives the least sunlight, the soil water holding capacity is the highest, and the density of epiphytic vegetation is the highest, which belongs to weakly weathered bare rock; the bare rock convex area is severely weathered, with strong solar radiation, low reflectivity, high absorption rate, lowest water holding capacity, serious soil and water loss, and the lowest vegetation density, which belongs to strongly weathered bare rock; small-size bare rock refers to particle size 0-30cm, medium-size bare rock refers to particle size 30-50cm, and large-size bare rock refers to particle size above 50cm.

3. The highly efficient restoration method for vegetation epiphytic on bare rocks in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The planting matrix 1 in step (2) comprises, by weight, 30-32 parts of sphagnum moss, 20-22 parts of sawdust, 10-12 parts of pine phosphate, and 10-12 parts of perlite; after the perlite is disinfected with a 0.1wt% potassium permanganate solution, it is also necessary to rinse the perlite with clean water.

4. The highly efficient restoration method for vegetation epiphytic on bare rocks in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas according to claim 1, It is characterized in that After the sphagnum moss in step (2) is fully moistened and absorbs water, the pH value is 5-6; the size of the sawdust is 3-7 mm; the particle size of the pine phosphate is 1-3 cm, and the pH value is 6.5-7; the particle size of the perlite is 3-5 mm, the porosity is 93%, and the bulk density is 0.16 g / cm 3 , water-gas ratio is 1:1.04, and pH value is 6.

3.

5. The highly efficient restoration method for vegetation epiphytic on bare rocks in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The second planting matrix comprises, by weight, 30 to 32 parts of sphagnum moss, 10 to 12 parts of pine phosphate, 10 to 12 parts of pine needles, and 10 to 12 parts of vermiculite.

6. The highly efficient restoration method for vegetation epiphytic on bare rocks in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The planting bag in step (3) is a mesh bag formed by sewing two layers together, the lower layer is a non-woven fabric, and the upper layer is a rhombus mesh sunshade net, and the mesh bag is used to fill the planting matrix; specifically, the upper rhombus mesh sunshade net has a specification of 65cm×65cm, and the rhombus specifications are: side length of 3cm, angles of 45°, 45°, 135° and 135°; the lower non-woven fabric has a specification of 60cm×60cm, and is sewn on three sides with double-strand No. 203 sewing thread on both sides, and an opening is reserved for filling the planting matrix.

7. The highly efficient restoration method for vegetation epiphytic on bare rocks in peak forest depressions in rocky desertification areas according to claim 2, It is characterized in that In the step (4), the non-woven fabric surface of the planting bag is first soaked with water containing moss and fern spores, and the spores of two kinds of ferns, Nephrolepis and Cyperus, are used on the sunny slope stone surface and bare rock convex land; the spores of Adiantum and Trichoderma paniculata are used on the shady slope stone surface and bare rock concave land; the spores of four kinds of ferns, Adiantum, Trichoderma paniculata, Adiantum and Trichoderma paniculata, are used on the flat land; the bare rock on the sunny slope stone surface is highly weathered, and Dendrobium sparse flower, Cymbidium cymbidium and Cymbidium sclerophyllum are planted; the bare rock of small and medium particle size is planted with Dendrobium sparse flower, and Cymbidium cymbidium and Cymbidium sclerophyllum are planted with large particle size bare rock; the stone surface on the shady slope is weakly weathered, and Dendrobium officinale, Cymbidium uniflorum, Begonia, Saxifrage and Scutellaria ovata are planted; the bare rock of small particle size is planted with Dendrobium officinale, Cymbidium uniflorum, Begonia, Saxifrage and Scutellaria ovata are planted; the bare rock of medium particle size is planted with Dendrobium officinale, Cymbidium uniflorum, Begonia, Saxifrage and Scutellaria ovata are planted Garlic orchid, begonia, saxifrage and creeping grass are planted on large-grained bare rocks; the weathering degree of bare rocks on flat ground is moderate, and Dendrobium sparse flower, Dendrobium officinale, Cymbidium cymbidium, Sclerophyllum and Solitary garlic orchid are planted; Dendrobium sparse flower, Dendrobium officinale and Solitary garlic orchid are planted on small- and medium-grained bare rocks, and Cymbidium cymbidium and Sclerophyllum are planted on large-grained bare rocks; the weathering degree of bare rocks in bare rock depressions is weak, and Sclerophyllum, Solitary garlic orchid, begonia, saxifrage and creeping grass are planted; Sclerophyllum is planted on small-grained bare rocks, Cymbidium cymbidium is planted on medium-grained bare rocks, and Begonia, Saxifralum and Crepitous grass are planted on large-grained bare rocks; the weathering degree of bare rocks convex areas is strong, and Dendrobium officinale, Cymbidium cymbidium and Sclerophyllum are planted; Dendrobium officinale is planted on small- and medium-grained bare rocks, and Cymbidium cymbidium and Sclerophyllum are planted on large-grained bare rocks.

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