Substation fault diagnosis method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The present invention discloses a substation fault diagnosis method, device, electronic device, and storage medium. The method first maintains the original optical fiber link, collects optical signals before and after the device to be detected, and preliminarily determines the target device and abnormal items that have failed. The optical fiber link is then contacted, and a detection signal is sent to the target device via a signal transceiver module. The optical signal after passing through the target device is then collected, and the abnormal fault location of the target device can be analyzed. Combined with the abnormal items, the fault type of the target device can be analyzed. This simplifies the link fault location process, resulting in a simple and efficient workflow, eliminating the need for external manufacturer processing and facilitating operator operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of substation operation and maintenance, and in particular to a substation fault diagnosis method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the domestic power system and the continuous advancement of the digital power grid, in order to meet the power development needs of the new era, smart substations based on the IEC-61850 protocol have emerged, which is the main theme of the future development of the substation in the field of power substations. However, the smart substation has only been in operation for more than ten years from its early implementation to its current implementation, and there is an obvious gap in the relevant operation and maintenance technology. Among them, the link problem of the smart substation targeted by the present invention is one of the important reasons for the current failure of smart stations. The accident rate is high but the fault elimination rate is low, and the fault location and fault elimination takes a long time. The main reason for this situation is that compared with traditional substations, the optical fiber links between the various devices in the smart substation replace the traditional cable wiring method to transmit the information of the entire station. Once a fault occurs, it will seriously affect the signal transmission and normal protection operation, and seriously affect the safety of the power system.

[0003] However, it is currently very difficult to locate link faults in smart stations, the work process is very cumbersome, the relevant secondary operation and maintenance personnel have not yet fully mastered the new models and technologies, and the corresponding efficient operation and maintenance inspection technology has not yet been formed. In most cases, it still needs to rely on external manufacturers for processing, which is a major pain point in the daily operation and maintenance of smart stations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a transformer substation fault diagnosis method to solve the problem of transformer substation fault diagnosis.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a substation fault diagnosis method, which is applied to a substation fault diagnosis device. The substation fault diagnosis device includes a signal transceiver module, which is communicatively connected to a device in the substation via an optical fiber link. The number of devices is multiple. During normal operation, the devices transmit optical signals in the substation via the optical fiber link. The substation fault diagnosis method includes:

[0006] When a fault occurs in the substation, the signal transceiver module collects the first optical signal and the second optical signal before and after the device to be detected;

[0007] respectively analyzing the first optical signal and the second optical signal to obtain first message data and second message data;

[0008] Determining a target device having a fault and an abnormal item based on the first optical signal, the second optical signal, the first message data, and the second message data, wherein the abnormal item includes an optical signal abnormality and a message abnormality;

[0009] Release the optical fiber link of the target device, send a third optical signal to the target device through the signal transceiver module, and collect a fourth optical signal output by the target device;

[0010] respectively analyzing the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal to obtain third message data and fourth message data;

[0011] Determine a fault type of the target device based on the third optical signal, the fourth optical signal, the third message data, the fourth message data, and the abnormal item, where the fault type includes at least one of a fiber link failure, a logical link failure, an optical module failure, and a device failure itself.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a substation fault diagnosis device, comprising:

[0013] The first signal acquisition module is used to collect the first optical signal and the second optical signal before and after the device to be detected when a fault occurs in the substation;

[0014] a first message acquisition module, configured to parse the first optical signal and the second optical signal to obtain first message data and second message data respectively;

[0015] a fault location and determination module, configured to determine a target device having a fault and abnormal items based on the first optical signal, the second optical signal, the first message data, and the second message data, wherein the abnormal items include optical signal abnormalities and message abnormalities;

[0016] a second signal acquisition module, configured to release the optical fiber link of the target device, send a third optical signal to the target device via the signal transceiver module, and acquire a fourth optical signal output by the target device;

[0017] a second message acquisition module, configured to parse the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal to obtain third message data and fourth message data respectively;

[0018] A fault type determination module is used to determine the fault type of the target device based on the third optical signal, the fourth optical signal, the third message data, the fourth message data and the abnormal item, wherein the fault type includes at least one of a fiber link failure, a logical link failure, an optical module failure and a device failure itself.

[0019] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0020] at least one processor; and

[0021] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0022] The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the substation fault diagnosis method according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0023] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the substation fault diagnosis method described in the first aspect of the present invention when executed.

[0024] An embodiment of the present invention provides a substation fault diagnosis method. When a fault occurs in the substation, a first optical signal and a second optical signal passing through a device to be detected are collected through a signal transceiver module, and the first optical signal and the second optical signal are respectively analyzed to obtain first message data and second message data; based on the first optical signal, the second optical signal, the first message data and the second message data, the target device where the fault occurs and the abnormal items are determined, and the abnormal items include optical signal abnormalities and message abnormalities; then, the optical fiber link of the target device is released, and a third optical signal is sent to the target device through the signal transceiver module, and a fourth optical signal output by the target device is collected, and the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal are respectively analyzed to obtain third message data and fourth message data; based on the third optical signal, the fourth optical signal, the third message data, the fourth message data and the abnormal items, the fault type of the target device is determined, and the fault type includes at least one of optical fiber link failure, logical link failure, optical module failure and device failure itself.

[0025] The advantage of this embodiment is that it first maintains the original optical fiber link, collects optical signals before and after the device to be tested, and preliminarily identifies the target device and abnormal items. Then, the optical fiber link is opened, and a detection signal is sent to the target device via the signal transceiver module. The optical signal after passing through the target device is then collected, and the abnormal fault of the target device can be analyzed. Combined with the abnormal items, the fault type of the target device can be analyzed. This simplifies the link fault location process, making the workflow simple and efficient, eliminating the need for external manufacturers to handle, and facilitating operator operation.

[0026] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a substation fault diagnosis method provided by the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a substation fault diagnosis device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a substation fault diagnosis method provided by the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a substation fault diagnosis device provided by the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a substation fault diagnosis device provided by the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a substation fault diagnosis method provided in Example 1 of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to substation fault diagnosis. The method can be performed by a substation fault diagnosis device. The substation fault diagnosis device can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software. The substation fault diagnosis device can be configured in an electronic device.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure when the substation fault diagnosis device detects equipment. There are multiple devices 2, and two adjacent devices 2 are linked by optical fiber links. Under the coordination of network operations, communication protocols and network management software, a system of resource sharing and information transmission is implemented to realize the transmission of optical signals in the devices 2. The power station fault diagnosis device 1 includes a signal transceiver module 11, which is also connected to the device through optical fiber. The signal transceiver module 11 is provided with multiple transceiver ports to collect optical signals from the device 2 and send optical signals to the device 2.

[0038] Each device is equipped with an optical module, which is a photoelectric conversion module. Its function is to convert the device's electrical signals into optical signals, and vice versa, so that they can be transmitted through optical fibers. The optical fibers connecting the devices transmit optical signals. After the optical signal sent by the previous device reaches the current device, the optical module converts the optical signal into an electrical signal for the current device to use. The current device can also use the optical module to convert the electrical signal into an optical signal and then transmit the optical signal to the next device via optical fiber.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the substation fault diagnosis method includes:

[0040] S101. When a fault occurs in a substation, a signal transceiver module collects a first optical signal and a second optical signal before and after passing through a device to be detected.

[0041] The device under test is a device that may have a fault. The fault range can be determined using other testing equipment in advance, and the devices within the fault range can then be used as the device under test. For example, a fiber link test device can be used to detect the fault point where the fiber link is broken, and the area surrounding the two fault points can be used as the fault range.

[0042] When a substation fault occurs, the signal transceiver module can collect the first and second optical signals before and after passing through the device under test. Specifically, the first optical signal is collected at the signal input of the device under test, and the second optical signal is collected at the signal output of the device under test. The degree of change in the optical signal as it passes through the device under test can be determined based on the first and second optical signals. This degree of change can be used as a basis for diagnosing the specific device fault.

[0043] S102: Analyze the first optical signal and the second optical signal respectively to obtain first message data and second message data.

[0044] The substation fault diagnosis device analyzes the optical signals received and collected by the signal transceiver module, effectively identifies the optical parameters such as the wavelength and optical power of the optical signal, and analyzes the specific information of the optical signal to form message data.

[0045] Specifically, the substation fault diagnosis device can be provided with a special optical signal analysis tool to analyze the optical signal to obtain message data, which includes information such as the protocol header, message type, message length, and message entity.

[0046] S103: Determine a faulty target device and abnormal items based on the first optical signal, the second optical signal, the first message data, and the second message data.

[0047] Abnormal items include optical signal abnormalities and message abnormalities.

[0048] For optical signals, by comparing the first and second optical signals, we can first determine whether the optical signal can be received; second, determine whether the device under test outputs the second optical signal when the first optical signal is input; and third, determine whether the optical signal loss during transmission meets the preset optical attenuation requirements. If these conditions are met, the optical signal is normal; otherwise, there is an optical signal anomaly.

[0049] Optical attenuation is unavoidable during optical propagation. The main factors contributing to optical fiber attenuation include intrinsic fiber optics, bending, squeezing, impurities, unevenness, and splicing. Therefore, it's difficult for the first and second optical signals to maintain consistency. However, under normal transmission conditions, the first and second optical signals should meet preset optical attenuation requirements. For example, the ratio of the light intensities of the first and second optical signals should meet the preset optical attenuation requirement.

[0050] For message data, by comparing the first message data and the second message data, on the one hand, it can be determined whether the device to be tested outputs the second message data when the first message data is input into the device to be tested. On the other hand, it can be determined whether the message data can be transmitted correctly during the transmission process. If so, the message is normal; otherwise, there is a message abnormality.

[0051] Optical signal comparison generally involves comparing characteristic parameters such as light intensity, wavelength, and optical power. Message comparison typically involves comparing message length, content, and format. This can help prevent abnormal frame loss and message errors. Because this information cannot be directly obtained from optical signals and requires analysis of message data, the results must be derived by parsing the optical signal to obtain the message data, which is then compared to obtain the results.

[0052] When an optical signal or message anomaly occurs, the device to be detected can be used as a target device with a fault, that is, the target device can be screened out from the devices to be detected. Generally speaking, each time a substation fault occurs, the number of faulty target devices is small, for example, 1-2.

[0053] S104: Release the optical fiber link of the target device, send a third optical signal to the target device through the signal transceiver module, and collect a fourth optical signal output by the target device.

[0054] The target device is originally connected layer by layer through optical fiber links. In order to obtain more fault diagnosis information, the optical fiber link of the target device is contacted, that is, the original optical fiber connected to the target device is disconnected.

[0055] The signal transceiver module not only collects signals but also transmits them. It modulates a specific optical signal, the third optical signal, and transmits it to the target device via optical fiber. It then collects the fourth optical signal output by the target device. This fourth optical signal is the output signal after transmission through the target device. This entire process simulates the transmission of optical signals through the target device when the optical link is properly connected, enabling diagnosis of the target device's internal conditions.

[0056] Specifically, the substation fault diagnosis device sets the wavelength, optical power, etc. of the optical signal and simulates the link transmission signal within the substation, generates a specified optical signal, i.e., the third optical signal, through a high-power laser, and sends it to the specified device to be detected through the optical fiber link through the specified sending port of the signal transceiver module.

[0057] S105 : Analyze the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal respectively to obtain third message data and fourth message data.

[0058] Similarly, a specialized optical signal analysis tool can be used to analyze the optical signal to obtain the message data.

[0059] S106: Determine a fault type of the target device according to the third optical signal, the fourth optical signal, the third message data, the fourth message data, and the abnormal item.

[0060] The fault type includes at least one of a fiber link fault, a logical link fault, an optical module fault, and a device fault.

[0061] For optical signals, by comparing the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal, on the one hand, it can be determined whether the device to be detected outputs the fourth optical signal when the third optical signal is input into the device to be detected. On the other hand, it can be determined whether the loss of the optical signal during the transmission process meets the preset optical attenuation requirement. If so, the optical signal is normal; otherwise, there is an optical signal abnormality.

[0062] For message data, by comparing the first message data and the second message data, on the one hand, it can be determined whether the device to be tested outputs the fourth message data when the third message data is input into the device to be tested. On the other hand, it can be determined whether the message data can be transmitted correctly during the transmission process. If so, the message is normal; otherwise, there is a message abnormality.

[0063] The entire process of obtaining the third and fourth optical signals simulates the transmission of optical signals in the target device when the optical fiber link is normally connected, thereby diagnosing the internal conditions of the target device.

[0064] The target device is already a faulty device, that is, at least one abnormal item exists, including optical signal abnormality and message abnormality.

[0065] Fiber optic (communication) links are divided into logical links and physical links. The physical link is composed of media, and the logical link has the ability to control data transmission. The logical link is a data link established by a virtual circuit. Data can only be transmitted on the logical link, and the physical link is the basis for the formation of the logical link.

[0066] If the abnormal item is an optical signal abnormality, it indicates that there is a fault in the physical link of the target device. When comparing the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal, if the optical signal is normal at this time, since the optical signal abnormality existed when the optical fiber link was not released, and it returned to normal after the optical fiber link was released, it indicates that there is a fault in the optical fiber link connected to the target device; if the optical signal is abnormal at this time, it indicates that the fault is not related to the connected optical fiber link, but that there is an abnormality in the optical-to-electrical signal conversion process or the electrical-to-optical signal conversion process of the target device, that is, there is an optical module fault in the target device.

[0067] The message is obtained according to the communication protocol, that is, the logical link determines the transmission status of the message. If the only abnormal item is the message abnormality, it means that the logical link of the target device is faulty. When comparing the third message data and the fourth message data, if the message is normal at this time, it only means that the logical link of the original optical fiber link is faulty, that is, the logical link configuration is faulty. If the message is still abnormal at this time, it only means that the original optical fiber link is normal, and the target device has a device fault itself.

[0068] If a fiber optic link fails, for example, if the fiber optic link is disconnected, optical signals cannot be transmitted.

[0069] The device itself fails, for example, the device crashes, resulting in the inability to receive or transmit optical signals.

[0070] To avoid ambiguity, it's important to note that optical modules are a module within the target equipment, but optical module failure is a typical problem in substation troubleshooting. Therefore, it's presented separately, distinguished from other failures, to align with technicians' understanding and operational practices. Specifically, equipment failures are categorized as optical module failures and device failures. Device failures are defined as any other equipment failure other than optical module failures.

[0071] An embodiment of the present invention provides a substation fault diagnosis method. When a fault occurs in the substation, a first optical signal and a second optical signal passing through a device to be detected are collected by a signal transceiver module, and the first optical signal and the second optical signal are respectively analyzed to obtain first message data and second message data; based on the first optical signal, the second optical signal, the first message data and the second message data, the target device where the fault occurs and abnormal items are determined, and the abnormal items include optical signal abnormalities and message abnormalities; the optical fiber link of the target device is released, and a third optical signal is sent to the target device through the signal transceiver module, and a fourth optical signal output by the target device is collected, and the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal are respectively analyzed to obtain third message data and fourth message data; based on the third optical signal, the fourth optical signal, the third message data, the fourth message data and the abnormal items, the fault type of the target device is determined, and the fault type includes at least one of optical fiber link failure, logical link failure, optical module failure and device failure itself.

[0072] The advantage of this embodiment is that it first maintains the original optical fiber link, collects optical signals before and after the device to be tested, and preliminarily identifies the target device and abnormal items. Then, the optical fiber link is opened, and a detection signal is sent to the target device via the signal transceiver module. The optical signal after passing through the target device is then collected, and the abnormal fault of the target device can be analyzed. Combined with the abnormal items, the fault type of the target device can be analyzed. This simplifies the link fault location process, making the workflow simple and efficient, eliminating the need for external manufacturers to handle, and facilitating operator operation.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a substation fault diagnosis method provided by the second embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention is optimized based on the above-mentioned first embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, the substation fault diagnosis method includes:

[0075] S301. When a fault occurs in a substation, obtain fault data of the substation.

[0076] The substation is equipped with a fault database, which collects data through the intelligent recording device and stores it in the fault database, collecting the alarm signals, link information, abnormal messages, etc. Figure 4 The substation fault diagnosis device includes a signal transceiver module 11, a data import module 12, an information analysis module 13 and a fault diagnosis module 14. The signal transceiver module 11, the data import module 12 and the fault diagnosis module 14 are connected to the information analysis module 13 respectively.

[0077] Specifically, the data import module 12 can import the secondary system basic data files of the existing substation, such as the station-wide SCD (Substation Configuration Description) file and the ICD (IED Capability Description) file. The information analysis module 13 can analyze the actual configuration of the secondary circuit in the station, such as the link connection configuration between relay protection devices and the logical connection between each virtual terminal, to achieve visualization of the secondary circuit and correspondence between virtual and real circuits.

[0078] The SCD file is a model file that aggregates all IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Devices) in a substation, and the ICD file is an IED capability description file provided by the IED manufacturer.

[0079] S302: Determine the fault range and estimate the initial fault type based on the fault data.

[0080] Determining the fault scope based on fault data is relatively easy. For example, each device can provide feedback or have a signal light whose color correlates with whether it is receiving a light signal. The fault scope can be determined based on the feedback signal or the information displayed by the signal light. This step allows for a preliminary diagnosis of the fault type and narrows down the fault detection range.

[0081] Based on the current fault data, the fault type can be preliminarily diagnosed according to the message data, optical information and fault type analysis data collected historically in the background fault database, that is, the initial fault type can be estimated.

[0082] S303: Determine whether the initial fault type is a fiber link fault.

[0083] If not, proceed to S304. If the optical fiber link fault can be directly determined, since optical signals cannot be transmitted when the optical fiber link fails, and a normal optical fiber link is a prerequisite for optical signal transmission, it is not necessary to check for other faults when the optical fiber link is determined to be abnormal. In other words, the optical fiber fault is a physical fault, so collecting optical signals and capturing packets is not necessary.

[0084] It should be noted that the initial fault type may not be determined, and in this case, S304 is still executed. That is, as long as the initial fault type is not a fiber link fault, S304 can be executed.

[0085] S304: The device within the fault range is used as a device to be detected, and a communication connection is established between the device to be detected and the signal transceiver module.

[0086] If the initial fault type is not a fiber link failure, the device within the fault range can be used as the device to be tested in preparation for fault diagnosis. A communication connection is then established between the device to be tested and the signal transceiver module. The device to be tested is connected to the transceiver port of the signal transceiver module via optical fiber. A signal light is provided at the transceiver port on the signal transceiver module. The color of the light indicates whether the connection is normal. For example, a normal connection is indicated by a green light, while an abnormal connection is indicated by a red light.

[0087] S305 : Collect the first optical signal and the second optical signal before and after passing through the device to be detected by a signal transceiver module.

[0088] S306: Analyze the first optical signal and the second optical signal respectively to obtain first message data and second message data.

[0089] S307: Determine the target device with the fault and the abnormal item according to the first optical signal, the second optical signal, the first message data, and the second message data.

[0090] Abnormal items include optical signal abnormalities and message abnormalities.

[0091] Specifically, it can be determined whether the characteristic quantities of the first optical signal and the second optical signal meet the preset optical attenuation requirements; the characteristic quantities of the optical signals include wavelength, optical intensity and optical power.

[0092] If not, determine that the device to be detected is a target device with a fault, and determine that the abnormal item is an optical signal abnormality; if so, judge whether the second message data is normal based on the first message data; when the second message data is abnormal, determine that the device to be detected is a target device with a fault, and determine that the abnormal item is a message abnormality.

[0093] Determining whether the characteristic quantities of the first optical signal and the second optical signal meet the preset optical attenuation requirement includes: determining a preset optical attenuation range of the characteristic quantity for each characteristic quantity in the first optical signal and the second optical signal; calculating a ratio of the characteristic quantity in the second optical signal to the characteristic quantity of the first optical signal to obtain an optical attenuation value; and determining the preset optical attenuation requirement when the optical attenuation value is within the preset optical attenuation range.

[0094] Preferably, the data comparison in this example is implemented using a multi-strategy cuckoo algorithm written in Python.

[0095] S308 : Release the optical fiber link of the target device, send the third optical signal to the target device through the signal transceiver module, and collect the fourth optical signal output by the target device.

[0096] S309 , respectively analyzing the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal to obtain third message data and fourth message data.

[0097] S310: Determine a fault type of the target device according to the third optical signal, the fourth optical signal, the third message data, the fourth message data, and the abnormal item.

[0098] The fault type includes at least one of a fiber link fault, a logical link fault, an optical module fault, and a device fault.

[0099] Specifically, when the abnormal item is an optical signal abnormality, determine whether the characteristic quantities of the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal meet the preset optical attenuation requirements; if so, determine that the fault type of the target device is a fiber link failure; if not, determine that the fault type of the target device is an optical module failure; when the abnormal item is a message abnormality, determine whether the fourth message data is normal based on the third message data; if so, determine that the fault type of the target device is a logical link failure; if not, determine that the fault type of the target device is a device failure itself.

[0100] S311. Determine the serial number corresponding to the target device.

[0101] Each target device corresponds to a number, which is equivalent to the identity information of the target device.

[0102] S312: Determine a fault handling method based on the fault type and a preset fault handling strategy.

[0103] S313: Generate a fault diagnosis report based on the number, fault type, and fault handling method corresponding to the target device.

[0104] The substation fault diagnosis device utilizes various results from the information analysis module, such as message data inconsistencies, combined with the device's database of typical faults to diagnose the cause of the fault, locate the fault point, and provide common troubleshooting methods. This ultimately generates a corresponding fault diagnosis report, which can be exported as an Excel file using a USB flash drive to facilitate ledger compilation and fault analysis. Common troubleshooting methods include replacing optical fibers or optical modules, and updating the download logic link configuration.

[0105] On the one hand, it is convenient for operating personnel to carry out maintenance directly according to the fault diagnosis report, thereby improving maintenance efficiency. On the other hand, the fault diagnosis report can continue to be stored in the fault database, which is convenient for future retrieval of fault data and improvement of maintenance methods.

[0106] The advantage of this embodiment is that before using the substation diagnostic device for diagnosis, the fault range is first determined to narrow the scope of the equipment to be detected, and the fault type is preliminarily estimated based on historical data to avoid wasting detection resources. During the detection process, the original optical fiber link is first maintained, and the optical signals before and after the equipment to be detected are collected to preliminarily determine the target device and abnormal items that have failed. Then, the optical fiber link is contacted, and the signal transceiver module is used to send a detection signal to the target device. The optical signal after passing through the target device is then collected. The abnormal fault location of the target device can also be analyzed. Combined with the abnormal items, the fault type of the target device can be analyzed. This simplifies the link fault location process, and the workflow is simple and efficient. It does not require the help of external manufacturers, making it easy for staff to operate.

[0107] Example 3

[0108] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a substation fault diagnosis device provided by the third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the substation fault diagnosis device includes:

[0109] The first signal acquisition module 501 is used to collect the first optical signal and the second optical signal before and after the device to be detected when a fault occurs in the substation;

[0110] A first message acquisition module 502 is configured to parse the first optical signal and the second optical signal to obtain first message data and second message data respectively;

[0111] a fault location and determination module 503, configured to determine a target device having a fault and abnormal items based on the first optical signal, the second optical signal, the first message data, and the second message data, wherein the abnormal items include optical signal abnormalities and message abnormalities;

[0112] a second signal acquisition module 504, configured to release the optical fiber link of the target device, send a third optical signal to the target device via the signal transceiver module, and acquire a fourth optical signal output by the target device;

[0113] The second message acquisition module 505 is used to parse the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal to obtain third message data and fourth message data respectively;

[0114] The fault type determination module 506 is used to determine the fault type of the target device based on the third optical signal, the fourth optical signal, the third message data, the fourth message data and the abnormal item, and the fault type includes at least one of a fiber link failure, a logical link failure, an optical module failure and a device failure itself.

[0115] It should be noted that Figure 5The substation fault diagnosis device shown is a module diagram given according to its functions. Its modules may be Figure 2 、 Figure 4 The modules included in the substation fault diagnosis device shown have the same or partially the same functions.

[0116] In an optional embodiment, the substation fault diagnosis device further includes:

[0117] Fault data acquisition module, used to obtain fault data of the substation;

[0118] An initial positioning and estimation module, configured to determine a fault range and estimate an initial fault type based on the fault data;

[0119] A fault type determination module is used to determine whether the initial fault type is an optical fiber link fault; if not, the content executed by the device to be detected determination module is executed;

[0120] The device to be detected determining module is used to select a device within the fault range as a device to be detected, and establish a communication connection between the device to be detected and the signal transceiver module.

[0121] In an optional embodiment, the fault location and determination module 503 includes:

[0122] The optical signal judgment submodule is used to judge whether the characteristic quantities of the first optical signal and the second optical signal meet the preset optical attenuation requirements; if not, the content executed by the target device determination submodule is executed; if yes, the content executed by the message data judgment submodule is executed

[0123] a target device determination submodule, configured to determine that the device to be detected is a target device with a fault, and to determine that the abnormal item is an optical signal abnormality;

[0124] a message data judgment submodule, configured to judge whether the second message data is normal based on the first message data;

[0125] The message abnormality determination submodule is used to determine that the device to be detected is a target device with a fault when the second message data is abnormal, and to determine that the abnormal item is a message abnormality.

[0126] In an optional embodiment, the characteristic quantities of the optical signal include wavelength, light intensity and light power.

[0127] In an optional embodiment, the optical signal determination submodule includes:

[0128] an optical attenuation range determining unit, configured to determine, for each characteristic quantity in the first optical signal and the second optical signal, a preset optical attenuation range of the characteristic quantity;

[0129] an optical attenuation value calculation unit, configured to calculate a ratio of a characteristic quantity in the second optical signal to a characteristic quantity in the first optical signal to obtain an optical attenuation value;

[0130] The light attenuation compliance unit is configured to determine a preset light attenuation requirement when the light attenuation value is within a preset light attenuation range.

[0131] In an optional embodiment, the fault type determination module 506 includes:

[0132] an optical attenuation requirement judgment submodule, configured to, when the abnormal item is an optical signal abnormality, determine whether the characteristic quantities of the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal meet a preset optical attenuation requirement; if so, execute the content executed by the optical fiber link fault determination submodule; if not, execute the content executed by the optical module fault determination submodule;

[0133] an optical module fault determination submodule, configured to determine that the fault type of the target device is an optical module fault;

[0134] An optical fiber link fault determination submodule, configured to determine that the fault type of the target device is an optical fiber link fault;

[0135] a message judgment submodule, configured to, when the abnormal item is a message abnormality, determine whether the fourth message data is normal based on the third message data, and if so, execute the content executed by the logical link fault determination submodule; if not, execute the content executed by the device self fault determination submodule;

[0136] a logical link failure determination submodule, configured to determine that the failure type of the target device is a logical link failure;

[0137] The device fault determination submodule is configured to determine that the fault type of the target device is a device fault.

[0138] In an optional embodiment, the substation fault diagnosis device further includes:

[0139] A device number determination module, configured to determine a number corresponding to the target device;

[0140] A fault handling method determination module is used to determine a fault handling method according to the fault type and a preset fault handling strategy;

[0141] The fault diagnosis report generating module is used to generate a fault diagnosis report according to the number corresponding to the target device, the fault type and the fault handling method.

[0142] The substation fault diagnosis device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can execute the substation fault diagnosis method provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0143] Example 4

[0144] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an electronic device 40 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0145] like Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device 40 includes at least one processor 41 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 42, a random access memory (RAM) 43, etc., which is communicatively connected to the at least one processor 41. The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the processor 41 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 42 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 48 into the random access memory (RAM) 43. Various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 40 can also be stored in the RAM 43. The processor 41, ROM 42, and RAM 43 are connected to each other via a bus 44. An input / output (I / O) interface 45 is also connected to the bus 44.

[0146] Multiple components in the electronic device 40 are connected to the I / O interface 45, including an input unit 46, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 47, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 48, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 49, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 49 allows the electronic device 40 to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0147] Processor 41 can be any general-purpose and / or specialized processing component with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 41 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various specialized artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 41 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the substation fault diagnosis method.

[0148] In some embodiments, the substation fault diagnosis method may be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 48. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on electronic device 40 via ROM 42 and / or communication unit 49. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 43 and executed by processor 41, one or more steps of the substation fault diagnosis method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 41 may be configured to execute the substation fault diagnosis method in any other suitable manner (e.g., via firmware).

[0149] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-chip systems (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include being implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpreted on a programmable system that includes at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0150] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0151] In the context of the present invention, computer-readable storage media can be tangible media that can contain or store a computer program for use with an instruction execution system, device or equipment or used in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. Computer-readable storage media can include but are not limited to electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, computer-readable storage media can be machine-readable signal media. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media can include electrical connections based on one or more lines, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memories (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0152] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0153] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0154] A computing system may include clients and servers. The clients and servers are typically remote from each other and typically interact via a communication network. This client-server relationship arises through computer programs running on the respective computers, creating a client-server relationship. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host. This server is a hosting product within the cloud computing service ecosystem that addresses the management difficulties and limited scalability of traditional physical hosting and VPS services.

[0155] It should be understood that the various forms of the processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved. This is not limited herein.

[0156] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A substation fault diagnosis method, characterized in that: Applied to a substation fault diagnosis device, the substation fault diagnosis device includes a signal transceiver module, the signal transceiver module is communicatively connected to multiple devices in the substation via an optical fiber link. During normal operation, the device transmits optical signals in the substation via the optical fiber link. The substation fault diagnosis method includes: When a fault occurs in the substation, the signal transceiver module collects the first optical signal and the second optical signal before and after the device to be detected; respectively analyzing the first optical signal and the second optical signal to obtain first message data and second message data; Determining a target device having a fault and an abnormal item based on the first optical signal, the second optical signal, the first message data, and the second message data, wherein the abnormal item includes an optical signal abnormality and a message abnormality; Release the optical fiber link of the target device, send a third optical signal to the target device through the signal transceiver module, and collect a fourth optical signal output by the target device; respectively analyzing the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal to obtain third message data and fourth message data; Determine a fault type of the target device based on the third optical signal, the fourth optical signal, the third message data, the fourth message data, and the abnormal item, where the fault type includes at least one of a fiber link failure, a logical link failure, an optical module failure, and a device failure itself.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein Before collecting the first optical signal and the second optical signal before and after passing through the device to be detected by the signal transceiver module, the method further includes: Obtain fault data of substations; determining a fault scope and estimating an initial fault type based on the fault data; Determining whether the initial fault type is an optical fiber link failure; If not, the device within the fault range is used as the device to be detected, and a communication connection is established between the device to be detected and the signal transceiver module.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining, based on the first optical signal, the second optical signal, the first message data, and the second message data, of a faulty target device and an abnormal item includes: Determining whether the characteristic quantities of the first optical signal and the second optical signal meet preset optical attenuation requirements; If not, determining that the device to be detected is a target device with a fault, and determining that the abnormal item is an optical signal abnormality; If so, determining whether the second message data is normal according to the first message data; When the second message data is abnormal, the device to be detected is determined to be a target device with a fault, and the abnormal item is determined to be a message abnormality.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein The characteristic quantities of the optical signal include wavelength, light intensity and light power.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein The determining whether the characteristic quantities of the first optical signal and the second optical signal meet a preset optical attenuation requirement includes: For each characteristic quantity in the first optical signal and the second optical signal, determining a preset optical attenuation range of the characteristic quantity; Calculating a ratio of a characteristic quantity in the second optical signal to a characteristic quantity in the first optical signal to obtain an optical attenuation value; When the light attenuation value is within the preset light attenuation range, the preset light attenuation requirement is determined.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining, based on the third optical signal, the fourth optical signal, the third message data, the fourth message data, and the abnormal item, a fault type of the target device includes: When the abnormal item is an optical signal abnormality, determining whether the characteristic quantities of the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal meet a preset optical attenuation requirement; If so, determining that the fault type of the target device is a fiber link failure; If not, determining that the fault type of the target device is an optical module fault; When the abnormal item is a message abnormality, judging whether the fourth message data is normal based on the third message data, If so, determining that the failure type of the target device is a logical link failure; If not, it is determined that the fault type of the target device is a fault of the device itself.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: Also includes: Determine the serial number corresponding to the target device; Determine a fault handling method based on the fault type and a preset fault handling strategy; Generate a fault diagnosis report based on the number corresponding to the target device, the fault type and the fault handling method.

8. A substation fault diagnosis device, characterized in that: include: The first signal acquisition module is used to collect the first optical signal and the second optical signal before and after the device to be detected when a fault occurs in the substation; a first message acquisition module, configured to parse the first optical signal and the second optical signal to obtain first message data and second message data respectively; a fault location and determination module, configured to determine a target device having a fault and abnormal items based on the first optical signal, the second optical signal, the first message data, and the second message data, wherein the abnormal items include optical signal abnormalities and message abnormalities; a second signal acquisition module, configured to release the optical fiber link of the target device, send a third optical signal to the target device via the signal transceiver module, and acquire a fourth optical signal output by the target device; a second message acquisition module, configured to parse the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal to obtain third message data and fourth message data respectively; A fault type determination module is used to determine the fault type of the target device based on the third optical signal, the fourth optical signal, the third message data, the fourth message data and the abnormal item, wherein the fault type includes at least one of a fiber link failure, a logical link failure, an optical module failure and a device failure itself.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor. The computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the substation fault diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the substation fault diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executed.

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