Pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device for unmanned power cabin of deep-diving platform and nitrogen inerting method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device and nitrogen inerting method for an unmanned power cabin of a deep-diving platform. The device fully utilizes the rib space to divide the underwater platform cabin space into multiple enclosed areas. By setting a movable plate to move back and forth, the volume of the different enclosed areas can be expanded and compressed, thereby changing the air pressure within the area. A valve is then used to accurately control the gas flow direction, thereby achieving gas balance and exchange within the cabin. The present invention fully considers the integrated and intensive design of the device, reducing the occupation of limited and valuable space within the cabin. The same device can simultaneously achieve both cabin pressure regulation and supplementary inerting functions, effectively resolving equipment failure and fire safety issues caused by the emission of hydrogen and oxygen-containing exhaust gases from the unmanned power cabins of large and medium-sized underwater platforms, which can lead to increased cabin pressure and increased oxygen concentration within the cabin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea manned equipment, in particular to a pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device for an unmanned power cabin of a deep-diving platform and a nitrogen inerting method. Background Art

[0002] With the proposal and implementation of the strategy of building a strong maritime nation, human activities in the ocean are becoming more frequent, and the demand for underwater marine scientific research, exploration and collection of resources, especially in the deep sea, is becoming increasingly urgent. Deep-sea underwater platforms have come into being, and the mission requirements are becoming increasingly complex.

[0003] Deep-diving underwater platforms are transitioning from miniaturization to medium-to-large-scale. These platforms typically consist of both manned and unmanned cabins. The unmanned cabins primarily serve as power compartments, housing a densely packed array of equipment. These cabins carry significant fire loads and pose significant fire safety challenges. In particular, some deep-diving platforms utilize fuel cells as their power source. However, fuel cell operation inevitably releases incompletely reacted, flammable, and combustion-supporting exhaust gases into the cabin, significantly increasing the risk of combustion and explosion within the cabin. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems of equipment failure and fire safety caused by the emission of hydrogen- and oxygen-containing exhaust gases from the unmanned power cabins of the above-mentioned large and medium-sized underwater platforms, which lead to increased cabin pressure and increased oxygen concentration in the cabin, the applicant provides a pressure-regulating and nitrogen-supplementing device and a nitrogen inerting method for the unmanned power cabin of a large diving platform, thereby completing the design of the entire device. The rib space is fully utilized to divide the underwater platform cabin space into multiple enclosed areas. By setting movable plates to move back and forth, the spatial volume of different enclosed areas can be expanded and compressed, thereby changing the air pressure inside the area. The valve is then used to accurately control the gas flow direction, thereby achieving gas balance and exchange inside the cabin.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device for an unmanned power cabin of a deep-diving platform comprises an outer pressure-resistant shell in a hollow thin-walled cylindrical structure, an inner shell having the same structure as the outer pressure-resistant shell is arranged inside the outer pressure-resistant shell, a first annular rib, a second annular rib and a third annular rib are sequentially arranged between the outer wall surface of the inner shell and the inner wall surface of the outer pressure-resistant shell in the radial direction from one end to the other, the second annular rib is located in the middle, the space between the outer pressure-resistant shell, the inner shell, the second annular rib and the first annular rib is a nitrogen area, and the space between the outer pressure-resistant shell, the inner shell, the second annular rib and the third annular rib is an air area The air extraction baffle is located in the air area, and contacts the outer pressure-resistant shell and the inner shell after passing through the sealing ring, dividing the air area into two areas, the front and the rear. The gas between the two areas is not connected; the gas injection baffle is located in the nitrogen area, and contacts the outer pressure-resistant shell and the inner shell after passing through the sealing ring, dividing the nitrogen area into two areas, the front and the rear. The gas between the two areas is not connected; the two ends of the No. 2 annular rib are respectively welded with an air injection bearing and an air extraction bearing, and the outer ring of the air injection bearing is fixedly installed with an air injection driving gear, and the outer ring of the air extraction bearing is fixedly installed with an air extraction driving gear;

[0007] It also includes a double ratchet mechanism, the inner ratchet disc is in the center position, a pair of inner ratchet pawls are provided on the inner ratchet disc, the outer ratchet disc is matched with the outer ratchet disc, the outer ratchet disc is provided with inner teeth matching the inner ratchet pawls, the outer ratchet disc is provided with an outer ratchet pawl, the outer ring of the outer ratchet disc is matched with the air extraction driven gear, and the inner ring of the air extraction driven gear is provided with a toothed structure matching the outer ratchet pawls;

[0008] One end of the gas injection active gear is meshed with the gas injection driven gear, and the other end is meshed with the gas injection driving gear. One end of the gas injection screw is fixed to the inner ratchet disk by welding, and the other end is fixed in the bearing seat of the No. 1 annular rib through a bearing. At the same time, the gas injection screw and the gas injection driven gear are connected by a flat key transmission, and the gas injection screw and the gas injection movable baffle are connected by a ball screw nut. When the gas injection screw rotates, the gas injection movable baffle moves axially;

[0009] One end of the vacuum driving gear is engaged with the vacuum driven gear, and the other end is engaged with the vacuum driving gear. One end of the vacuum screw is fixed to the outer ratchet disk by welding, and the other end is fixed in the bearing seat of the third annular rib through a bearing. The vacuum screw is connected to the vacuum movable baffle through a ball screw nut. When the vacuum screw rotates, the vacuum movable baffle moves axially.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0011] The structures of the No. 1 annular rib, the No. 2 annular rib and the No. 3 annular rib are the same, and are all annular structures.

[0012] The first annular rib, the second annular rib and the third annular rib are all connected to the outer pressure-resistant shell and the inner shell by welding.

[0013] The cross-sectional shapes of the No. 1 circular rib, the No. 2 circular rib and the No. 3 circular rib are all "T"-shaped.

[0014] An air extraction drive motor and an air injection drive motor are symmetrically arranged on the second annular rib. The output end of the air extraction drive motor is connected to the air extraction drive gear, and the output end of the air injection drive motor is connected to the air injection drive gear.

[0015] The nitrogen area and the air area are both connected to the cabin through air pipes, and the air pipes are installed on the inner shell.

[0016] Install a low-pressure one-way valve on the air pipe.

[0017] A nitrogen inerting method for a pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device of an unmanned power cabin of a deep-diving platform includes the following operations:

[0018] The exhaust gas is discharged, and the cabin air pressure is obtained by real-time monitoring through air pressure sensors at different positions in the cabin. When the value reaches the set safety value upper limit, the exhaust drive motor is activated, and the exhaust drive motor drives the exhaust active gear to rotate through the exhaust drive gear, and finally drives the three exhaust driven gears distributed at equal angles along the radial direction of the rib to rotate. The exhaust driven gear rotates clockwise, and the action of the outer ratchet pawl pushes the outer ratchet disk to rotate clockwise. Since the outer ratchet disk is welded and fixed to the exhaust screw, the exhaust screw rotates, thereby driving the exhaust movable baffle to move forward. At the same time, the clockwise rotation of the outer ratchet disk does not drive the inner ratchet disk to rotate because it is opposite to the pushing direction of the inner ratchet pawl, and the air injection screw does not move; the rotation of the exhaust screw drives the exhaust movable baffle to move forward along the axial direction, and the space in the rear air area expands, which reduces the internal pressure. At this time, the pressurized gas in the cabin enters the rear air area through the low-pressure one-way valve, thereby reducing the cabin air pressure; when the cabin pressure is normal, the exhaust drive motor can be shut down;

[0019] When the above work is completed, the air injection drive motor is activated, and the air injection drive motor drives the air injection active gear to rotate through the air injection drive gear, and finally drives the three air injection driven gears distributed at equal angles along the radial direction of the rib to rotate clockwise. The air injection driven gear drives the air injection screw to rotate clockwise through a flat key. At the same time, one end of the air injection screw is welded and fixedly connected to the inner ratchet plate, so that the inner ratchet plate rotates clockwise and drives the inner ratchet pawl to push the outer ratchet plate to rotate. Since the outer ratchet plate is welded and fixedly connected to the air extraction screw, it drives the air extraction screw to rotate, and the clockwise rotation of the outer ratchet plate does not drive the air extraction driven gear to rotate because it is opposite to the pushing direction of the outer ratchet pawl, thereby achieving the same speed rotation of the air extraction screw, air injection screw, and air injection driven gear. The movement of the driven gear for exhaust gas is decoupled while the movement of the driven gear for exhaust gas does not rotate, and the exhaust screw and the air injection screw maintain the same rotation rate, driving the exhaust baffle and the air injection baffle to move linearly forward at the same rate, so that the rear air area is expanded while the front nitrogen area is compressed. The expansion of the rear air area causes the internal air pressure to decrease, so that the gas in the cabin enters the rear air area again through the low-pressure one-way valve, while the compression of the front nitrogen area causes the internal pressure to increase, so that the internal nitrogen is injected into the cabin through the low-pressure one-way valve. Since the exhaust baffle and the air injection baffle have the same linear motion rate, the exhaust rate and the nitrogen injection rate are also consistent, so the pressure in the cabin does not change, and finally the nitrogen replenishment and inerting are completed under the condition that the gas pressure in the cabin remains unchanged.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] The present invention has a compact structure, reasonable structure, and easy operation. It focuses on the fire safety protection problem of the unmanned power cabin of a deep-sea underwater platform, and focuses on solving two problems. First, the problem of increased cabin pressure caused by the frequent and irregular discharge of hydrogen and oxygen exhaust gases into the enclosed space cabin by similar fuel cell systems during operation. If the excessive cabin pressure is not eliminated, it will affect the normal operation of precision equipment; second, the problem of increased oxygen concentration in the cabin caused by the emission of oxygen in the exhaust gas. Usually, due to the characteristics of long-term unattended enclosed power cabins and the high fire hazard, nitrogen is injected and purged into the cabin before the platform is launched to create an inerting environment for the entire cabin to suppress fire or explosion from the source. However, the emission of oxygen in the exhaust gas destroys the inerting environment and even turns the enclosed cabin into an oxygen-rich environment, greatly increasing the risk of fire, combustion and explosion. If the underwater platform frequently surfaces to re-depressurize and inert the cabin due to the problem of fuel cell exhaust gas emissions, the time and economic costs are too high, affecting the execution of the mission. At the same time, for some special long-term underwater resident operation tasks, the underwater platform does not have the conditions to surface regularly.

[0022] The present invention realizes the functions of regulating the air pressure in the unmanned power cabin and replenishing nitrogen to maintain the inert atmosphere without the need for the platform to surface. Since it is applicable to underwater platforms with great diving depths, the internal layout space and energy supply of the unmanned power cabin are extremely limited. The present invention fully considers these constraints in its design.

[0023] The present invention fully considers the integrated and intensive design of the device, reduces the occupation of limited and valuable space in the cabin, and can simultaneously realize the two functions of cabin pressure regulation and supplementary inerting by using the same set of devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is an isometric half-section schematic diagram of the cabin pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the division of the cabin rib space into functional areas according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the air extraction and injection transmission mechanism of the cabin pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the composition of the double ratchet mechanism of the cabin pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is the layout diagram of the drive motor of the cabin pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Full cross-sectional view along section AA.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Full cross-sectional view along section BB.

[0031] Including: 1. Outer pressure hull; 2. Inner hull; 3. Annular rib No. 1; 4. Annular rib No. 2; 5. Annular rib No. 3; 6. Air extraction baffle; 7. Air injection baffle; 8. Air extraction screw; 9. Air injection screw; 10. Low-pressure one-way valve; 11. Air extraction bearing; 12. Air injection bearing; 13. Air extraction driving gear; 14. Air injection driving gear; 15. Air injection driven gear; 16. Double ratchet mechanism; 17. Air extraction drive motor; 18. Air injection drive motor; 19. Air extraction drive gear; 20. Air injection drive gear;

[0032] 1601. Inner ratchet plate; 1602. Inner ratchet pawl; 1603. Outer ratchet plate; 1604. Outer ratchet pawl; 1605. Exhaust driven gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, the pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device for the unmanned power cabin of a deep-diving platform of this embodiment includes an outer pressure-resistant shell 1 with a hollow thin-walled cylindrical structure. An inner shell 2 with the same structure as the outer pressure shell 1 is provided inside the outer pressure shell 1. A first annular rib 3, a second annular rib 4 and a third annular rib 5 are sequentially installed between the outer wall surface of the inner shell 2 and the inner wall surface of the outer pressure shell 1 in the radial direction from one end to the other. The second annular rib 4 is located in the middle position. The space between the outer pressure shell 1, the inner shell 2, the second annular rib 4 and the first annular rib 3 is a nitrogen area, and the space between the outer pressure shell 1, the inner shell 2, the second annular rib 4 and the third annular rib 5 is an air area. The air extraction baffle 6 is located in the air area. After passing through the sealing ring, the air extraction baffle 6 contacts the outer pressure-resistant shell 1 and the inner shell 2, dividing the air area into two front and rear areas. The gas between the front and rear areas is not connected; the air injection baffle 7 is located in the nitrogen area. After passing through the sealing ring, the air injection baffle 7 contacts the outer pressure-resistant shell 1 and the inner shell 2, dividing the nitrogen area into two front and rear areas. The gas between the front and rear areas is not connected; the two ends of the No. 2 annular rib 4 are respectively welded with an air injection bearing 12 and an air extraction bearing 11. The outer ring of the air injection bearing 12 is fixedly mounted with an air injection driving gear 14, and the outer ring of the air extraction bearing 11 is fixedly mounted with an air extraction driving gear 13;

[0035] The double ratchet mechanism 16 is further comprised of an inner ratchet disc 1601, which is in the center position and is provided with a pair of inner ratchet pawls 1602. An outer ratchet disc 1603 is mounted on the outside of the inner ratchet disc 1601, and the outer ratchet disc 1603 is provided with inner teeth matching the inner ratchet pawls 1602. An outer ratchet pawl 1604 is mounted on the outside of the outer ratchet disc 1603. An air extraction driven gear 1605 is mounted on the outer ring of the outer ratchet disc 1603, and the inner ring of the air extraction driven gear 1605 is provided with a toothed structure matching the outer ratchet pawl 1604.

[0036] One end of the gas injection active gear 14 is meshed with the gas injection driven gear 15, and the other end is meshed with the gas injection drive gear 20. One end of the gas injection screw 9 is fixed to the inner ratchet disk 1601 by welding, and the other end is fixed to the bearing seat of the first annular rib 3 through a bearing. At the same time, the gas injection screw 9 and the gas injection driven gear 15 are connected by a flat key transmission. The gas injection screw 9 is connected to the gas injection movable baffle 7 by a ball screw nut. When the gas injection screw 9 rotates, the gas injection movable baffle 7 moves axially.

[0037] One end of the vacuum driving gear 13 is engaged with the vacuum driven gear 1605, and the other end is engaged with the vacuum driving gear 19. One end of the vacuum screw 8 is fixed to the outer ratchet disk 1603 by welding, and the other end is fixed to the bearing seat of the No. 3 annular rib 5 through a bearing. The vacuum screw 8 is connected to the vacuum movable baffle 6 through a ball screw nut. When the vacuum screw 8 rotates, the vacuum movable baffle 6 moves axially.

[0038] The structures of the first annular rib 3 , the second annular rib 4 and the third annular rib 5 are the same, and are all annular structures.

[0039] The first annular rib 3 , the second annular rib 4 and the third annular rib 5 are all connected to the outer pressure hull 1 and the inner hull 2 ​​by welding.

[0040] The cross-sectional shapes of the first annular rib 3 , the second annular rib 4 and the third annular rib 5 are all “T”-shaped.

[0041] An exhaust drive motor 17 and an injection drive motor 18 are symmetrically arranged on the second annular rib 4 . The output end of the exhaust drive motor 17 is connected to the exhaust drive gear 19 , and the output end of the injection drive motor 18 is connected to the injection drive gear 20 .

[0042] Both the nitrogen area and the air area are connected to the cabin through air pipes, and the air pipes are installed on the inner shell 2.

[0043] A low-pressure one-way valve 10 is installed on the air pipe.

[0044] The nitrogen inerting method of the pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device of the unmanned power cabin of a deep-diving platform according to claim 7 of this embodiment includes the following operation process:

[0045] As the exhaust gas is discharged, the cabin pressure is monitored in real time by air pressure sensors at different positions in the cabin. When the value reaches the set upper limit of the safety value, the exhaust drive motor 17 is activated. The exhaust drive motor 17 drives the exhaust active gear 13 to rotate through the exhaust drive gear 19, and finally drives the three exhaust driven gears 1605 distributed at equal angles along the radial direction of the rib to rotate. The exhaust driven gear 1605 rotates clockwise. Due to the action of the outer ratchet pawl 1604, the outer ratchet disc 1603 is pushed to rotate clockwise. Since the outer ratchet disc 1603 is welded and fixed to the exhaust screw 8, the exhaust is The screw 8 rotates, thereby driving the air extraction movable baffle 6 to move forward. At the same time, the clockwise rotation of the outer ratchet disc 1603 does not drive the inner ratchet disc 1601 to rotate because it is in the opposite direction of the pushing direction of the inner ratchet pawl 1602, and the air injection screw 9 does not move; the rotation of the air extraction screw 8 drives the air extraction movable baffle 6 to move forward along the axial direction, and the space in the rear air area expands, thereby reducing the internal pressure. At this time, the pressurized gas in the cabin enters the rear air area through the low-pressure one-way valve 10, thereby reducing the air pressure in the cabin; when the cabin pressure is normal, the air extraction drive motor 17 can be turned off;

[0046] When the above work is completed, the gas injection drive motor 18 is activated, and the gas injection drive motor 18 drives the gas injection active gear 14 to rotate through the gas injection drive gear 20, and finally drives the three gas injection driven gears 15 distributed at equal angles along the radial direction of the rib to rotate clockwise. The gas injection driven gear 15 drives the gas injection screw 9 to rotate clockwise through a flat key. At the same time, one end of the gas injection screw 9 is welded and fixedly connected to the inner ratchet plate 1601, so that the inner ratchet plate 1601 rotates clockwise and drives the inner ratchet pawl 1602 to push the outer ratchet plate 1603 to rotate. Since the outer ratchet plate 1603 is welded and fixedly connected to the exhaust screw 8, it drives the exhaust screw 8 to rotate, and the clockwise rotation of the outer ratchet plate 1603 does not drive the exhaust driven gear 1605 to rotate because it is opposite to the pushing direction of the outer ratchet pawl 1604, thereby realizing the exhaust screw 8 The actions of the air injection screw 9 and the air injection driven gear 15 rotating at the same speed while the air extraction driven gear 1605 does not rotate are decoupled, and the air extraction screw 8 and the air injection screw 9 maintain the same rotation rate, driving the air extraction movable baffle 6 and the air injection movable baffle 7 to move forward linearly at the same rate, so that the rear air area is expanded while the front nitrogen area is compressed. The expansion of the rear air area causes the internal air pressure to decrease, so that the gas in the cabin enters the rear air area again through the low-pressure one-way valve 10, and the compression of the front nitrogen area causes the internal pressure to increase, so that the internal nitrogen is injected into the cabin through the low-pressure one-way valve 10. Since the linear motion rates of the air extraction movable baffle 6 and the air injection movable baffle 7 are the same, the air extraction rate and the nitrogen injection rate are also consistent, so the pressure in the cabin does not change, and finally nitrogen replenishment and inerting are completed under the condition that the gas pressure in the cabin remains unchanged.

[0047] like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, the specific structure and function of the pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device for the unmanned power cabin of the deep-diving platform of the present invention are as follows:

[0048] It mainly includes an outer pressure-resistant shell 1, an inner shell 2, annular rib No. 1 3, annular rib No. 2 4, annular rib No. 3 5, an air extraction baffle 6, an air injection baffle 7, an air extraction screw 8, an air injection screw 9, a low-pressure one-way valve 10, an air extraction bearing 11, an air injection bearing 12, an air extraction active gear 13, an air injection active gear 14, an air injection driven gear 15, a double ratchet mechanism 16, an air extraction drive motor 17, an air injection drive motor 18, an air extraction drive gear 19, an air injection drive gear 20, etc.

[0049] The double ratchet mechanism 16 includes an inner ratchet disc 1601 , an inner ratchet pawl 1602 , an outer ratchet disc 1603 , an outer ratchet pawl 1604 , and an air extraction driven gear 1605 .

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the outer pressure shell 1, the inner shell 2, the first annular rib 3, the second annular rib 4, and the third annular rib 5 divide the entire rib space into two closed areas, wherein the space between the outer pressure shell 1, the inner shell 2, the second annular rib 4, and the third annular rib 5 is the air area, and the space between the outer pressure shell 1, the inner shell 2, the second annular rib 4, and the first annular rib 3 is the nitrogen area. The air extraction movable baffle 6 is located in the air area. After passing through the sealing ring, it contacts the outer pressure shell 1 and the inner shell 2, dividing the air area into the front and rear areas. The gas between the front and rear areas is not connected. The gas injection movable baffle 7 is located in the nitrogen area. After passing through the sealing ring, it contacts the outer pressure shell 1 and the inner shell 2, dividing the nitrogen area into the front and rear areas. The gas between the front and rear areas is not connected.

[0051] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown, the exhaust bearing 11 and the gas injection bearing 12 are both welded to the second annular rib 4. The exhaust driving gear 13 and the gas injection driving gear 14 are welded to the outer bearing rings of the exhaust bearing 11 and the gas injection bearing 12, respectively. One end of the exhaust driving gear 13 meshes with the exhaust driven gear 1605, and the other end meshes with the exhaust drive gear 19. One end of the gas injection driving gear 14 meshes with the gas injection driven gear 15, and the other end meshes with the gas injection drive gear 20. One end of the exhaust screw 8 is welded to the outer ratchet disk 1603 in the double ratchet mechanism 16, and the other end is fixed to the bearing seat of the third annular rib 5 via a bearing. The exhaust screw 8 is connected to the exhaust movable baffle 6 via a ball screw nut. When the exhaust screw 8 rotates, the exhaust movable baffle 6 can move axially. One end of the gas injection screw 9 is welded to the inner ratchet disc 1601 in the double ratchet mechanism 16. The other end is fixed to the bearing seat of the first annular rib 3 via a bearing. The gas injection screw 9 is connected to the gas injection driven gear 15 via a flat key transmission. The gas injection screw 9 is connected to the gas injection movable baffle 7 via a ball screw nut, allowing the gas injection movable baffle 7 to move axially when the gas injection screw 9 rotates. The low-pressure check valve 10 is connected to the inner housing 2 via an air pipe.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the exhaust drive motor 17 and the injection drive motor 18 are sealed and fixed on the second annular rib 4 and are arranged opposite to the rib. The output shaft of the exhaust drive motor 17 is fixedly connected to the exhaust drive gear 19, and the output shaft of the injection drive motor 18 is fixedly connected to the injection drive gear 20.

[0053] The specific implementation is as follows: Before launching, large and medium-sized underwater platforms complete initial nitrogen injection inerting due to the long-term unmanned operation of the power compartment, the high combustion load, and the high fire risk. This means that the oxygen concentration in the power compartment is kept to a low level before launching. However, as the platform navigates, fuel cell systems, such as fuel cells, continuously discharge exhaust gases containing hydrogen and oxygen into the compartment, causing the compartment to increase pressure and destroy the inerting atmosphere. This activates the pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishment device. This pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishment device includes two sequential operation processes:

[0054] Process 1: Used to address the issue of increased cabin pressure caused by excess gas discharge. Specifically, as exhaust gas is discharged, the cabin air pressure is monitored in real time by air pressure sensors located at various locations within the cabin. When this value reaches the set safety upper limit, the exhaust drive motor 17 is activated. This drives the exhaust drive gear 13 via the exhaust drive gear 19, ultimately driving the three exhaust driven gears 1605, which are distributed at equal angles along the rib's radial direction. The clockwise rotation of the exhaust driven gear 1605, due to the action of the outer ratchet pawl 1604, pushes the outer ratchet disc 1603 clockwise. Because the outer ratchet disc 1603 is welded to the exhaust screw 8, it rotates the exhaust screw 8, thereby driving the exhaust movable baffle 6 forward. Simultaneously, the clockwise rotation of the outer ratchet disc 1603, because it is in the opposite direction of the pushing direction of the inner ratchet pawl 1602, does not drive the inner ratchet disc 1601 to rotate, and the gas injection screw 9 does not move. The rotation of the exhaust screw 8 drives the exhaust baffle 6 forward along the axial direction, expanding the rear air area and reducing the internal pressure. Pressurized air in the cabin then flows into the rear air area through the low-pressure check valve 10, thereby reducing the cabin pressure. This process continues until the cabin pressure sensor detects normal cabin pressure, at which point the exhaust drive motor 17 is shut down.

[0055] Process 2: It is used to solve the problem of inert environment damage caused by oxygen discharge in the cabin. When process 1 is completed, the gas injection drive motor 18 is activated, and the gas injection drive motor 18 drives the gas injection active gear 14 to rotate through the gas injection drive gear 20, and finally drives the three gas injection driven gears 15 distributed at equal angles along the radial direction of the rib to rotate clockwise. The gas injection driven gear 15 drives the gas injection screw 9 to rotate clockwise through a flat key. At the same time, one end of the gas injection screw 9 is welded and fixed to the inner ratchet disk 1601, so that the inner ratchet disk 1601 rotates clockwise and drives the inner ratchet pawl 1602 to push the outer ratchet disk 1603 to rotate. Since the outer ratchet disk 1603 is welded to the exhaust screw 8 The outer ratchet disc 1603 rotates clockwise, which is opposite to the pushing direction of the outer ratchet pawl 1604 and does not drive the exhaust driven gear 1605 to rotate. This achieves the decoupling of the exhaust screw 8, the injection screw 9, and the injection driven gear 15 rotating at the same speed while the exhaust driven gear 1605 does not rotate. The exhaust screw 8 and the injection screw 9 maintain the same rotation speed, driving the exhaust movable baffle 6 and the injection movable baffle 7 to move forward at the same speed, thus achieving the expansion of the rear air area and the compression of the front nitrogen area. The expansion of the rear air area causes the internal air pressure to decrease, causing the gas in the cabin to enter the rear air area again through the low-pressure one-way valve 10, while the compression of the front nitrogen area causes the internal pressure to increase, causing the internal nitrogen to be injected into the cabin through the low-pressure one-way valve 10. Since the linear motion speeds of the air extraction baffle 6 and the air injection baffle 7 are the same, the air extraction rate and the nitrogen injection rate are also consistent, so the pressure in the cabin does not change, and nitrogen replenishment and inerting are finally completed under the condition that the gas pressure in the cabin remains unchanged.

[0056] Only three ribs are used for illustration, but the device is actually scalable and can be applied in underwater platforms with rib structures.

[0057] The advantages of this device are:

[0058] (1) The cabin pressurization and fire safety issues caused by exhaust gas discharge from unmanned cabins of large and medium-sized underwater platforms have not received much attention in the industry and there is no solution. This paper innovatively proposes a solution to maintain stable cabin pressure and inert atmosphere after the discharge of oxygen-containing exhaust gas from the enclosed cabins of large and medium-sized underwater platforms. The rib space is used to divide the cabin space of the underwater platform into multiple enclosed areas. By setting up movable panels to move back and forth, the volume of the different enclosed areas can be expanded and compressed, thereby changing the air pressure inside the area. Then, valves are used to accurately control the gas flow direction, thereby achieving gas balance and exchange inside the cabin.

[0059] (2) The capacity of underwater platform cabins is very limited. This invention fully utilizes the inter-rib space of large and medium-sized underwater platforms. This inter-rib space has a large volume, but due to its unique shape, it is not easy to arrange other cabin equipment, so it is often overlooked, resulting in wasted space. If the same volume is achieved through the traditional arrangement of gas cylinders and air pumps, it would occupy a large amount of valuable cabin space and consume energy. However, in this invention, all components are arranged between the ribs, which can greatly reduce the cost of cabin space.

[0060] (3) The present invention fully considers the intensive and compact design, and can simultaneously realize the two functions of exhausting and equalizing the pressure when the cabin is pressurized and injecting nitrogen to inertate while maintaining the cabin pressure unchanged by using the same set of equipment. The present invention cleverly adopts the double ratchet method to realize transmission decoupling in the mechanism design, such as Figure 4 As shown, clockwise rotation of the exhaust driven gear 1605 can drive the outer ratchet plate 1603 to rotate clockwise, but will not rotate the inner ratchet plate 1601. This allows the exhaust screw 8 to rotate and the exhaust movable baffle to move linearly without affecting the gas injection screw 9 and the gas injection movable baffle. Clockwise rotation of the inner ratchet plate 1601 can also drive the outer ratchet plate 1603 to rotate clockwise, but will not rotate the exhaust driven gear 1605. This ensures that when the gas injection screw 9 rotates and the gas injection movable baffle moves linearly, the exhaust screw 8 and the exhaust movable baffle rotate and move in the same direction and speed, and no tooth interference between the exhaust driven gear 1605 and the exhaust driving gear 13 occurs.

[0061] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any modifications may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device for an unmanned power cabin of a deep-diving platform, characterized by: The invention comprises an outer pressure-resistant shell (1) having a hollow thin-walled cylindrical structure, wherein an inner shell (2) having the same structure as the outer pressure-resistant shell (1) is provided inside the outer pressure-resistant shell (1), and a first annular rib (3), a second annular rib (4) and a third annular rib (5) are sequentially installed between the outer wall surface of the inner shell (2) and the inner wall surface of the outer pressure-resistant shell (1) in the radial direction from one end to the other end, and the second annular rib (4) is located in the middle position. The space between the outer pressure-resistant shell (1), the inner shell (2), the second annular rib (4) and the first annular rib (3) is a nitrogen area, and the space between the outer pressure-resistant shell (1), the inner shell (2), the second annular rib (4) and the third annular rib (5) is an air area. The air extraction movable baffle ( 6) Located in the air area, the air extraction movable baffle (6) contacts the outer pressure-resistant shell (1) and the inner shell (2) after passing through the sealing ring, and divides the air area into two areas, front and rear, and the gas between the two areas is not connected; the air injection movable baffle (7) is located in the nitrogen area, and contacts the outer pressure-resistant shell (1) and the inner shell (2) after passing through the sealing ring, and divides the nitrogen area into two areas, front and rear, and the gas between the two areas is not connected; the two ends of the No. 2 annular rib (4) are respectively welded with an air injection bearing (12) and an air extraction bearing (11), the outer ring of the air injection bearing (12) is fixedly mounted with an air injection driving gear (14), and the outer ring of the air extraction bearing (11) is fixedly mounted with an air extraction driving gear (13); The invention also includes a double ratchet mechanism (16), wherein the inner ratchet disc (1601) is in a central position, a pair of inner ratchet pawls (1602) are provided on the inner ratchet disc (1601), an outer ratchet disc (1603) is mounted on the outside of the inner ratchet disc (1601), the outer ratchet disc (1603) is provided with inner teeth matching the inner ratchet pawls (1602), an outer ratchet pawl (1604) is mounted on the outside of the outer ratchet disc (1603), an air extraction driven gear (1605) is mounted on the outer ring of the outer ratchet disc (1603), and the inner ring of the air extraction driven gear (1605) is provided with a toothed structure matching the outer ratchet pawl (1604); One end of the gas injection active gear (14) is meshed with the gas injection driven gear (15), and the other end is meshed with the gas injection driving gear (20). One end of the gas injection screw (9) is fixed to the inner ratchet disc (1601) by welding, and the other end is fixed to the bearing seat of the No. 1 annular rib (3) through a bearing. At the same time, the gas injection screw (9) and the gas injection driven gear (15) are connected by a flat key transmission. The gas injection screw (9) and the gas injection movable baffle (7) are connected by a ball screw nut. When the gas injection screw (9) rotates, the gas injection movable baffle (7) moves axially. One end of the vacuum driving gear (13) is meshed with the vacuum driven gear (1605), and the other end is meshed with the vacuum driving gear (19). One end of the vacuum lead screw (8) is fixed to the outer ratchet disc (1603) by welding, and the other end is fixed to the bearing seat of the third annular rib (5) through a bearing. The vacuum lead screw (8) is connected to the vacuum movable baffle (6) through a ball screw nut. When the vacuum lead screw (8) rotates, the vacuum movable baffle (6) moves axially.

2. The pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device for the unmanned power cabin of a deep-diving platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first annular rib (3), the second annular rib (4) and the third annular rib (5) have the same structure and are all annular in shape.

3. The pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device for the unmanned power cabin of a deep-diving platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first annular rib (3), the second annular rib (4), and the third annular rib (5) are all connected to the outer pressure-resistant shell (1) and the inner shell (2) by welding.

4. The pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device for the unmanned power cabin of a deep-diving platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shapes of the first annular rib (3), the second annular rib (4) and the third annular rib (5) are all "T"-shaped.

5. The pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device for the unmanned power cabin of a deep-diving platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air extraction drive motor (17) and an air injection drive motor (18) are symmetrically arranged on the second annular rib (4), the output end of the air extraction drive motor (17) is connected to the air extraction drive gear (19), and the output end of the air injection drive motor (18) is connected to the air injection drive gear (20).

6. The pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device for the unmanned power cabin of a deep-diving platform according to claim 5, characterized in that: The nitrogen area and the air area are both connected to the cabin through air pipes, and the air pipes are installed on the inner shell (2).

7. The pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device for the unmanned power cabin of a deep-diving platform according to claim 6, characterized in that: A low-pressure one-way valve (10) is installed on the air pipe.

8. A nitrogen inerting method for a pressure regulating and nitrogen replenishing device for an unmanned power compartment of a deep-diving platform according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following operations are included: As the exhaust gas is discharged, the cabin pressure is monitored in real time by air pressure sensors at different positions in the cabin. When the value reaches the upper limit of the set safety value, the exhaust drive motor (17) is activated. The exhaust drive motor (17) drives the exhaust active gear (13) to rotate through the exhaust drive gear (19), and finally drives the three exhaust driven gears (1605) distributed at equal angles along the radial direction of the rib to rotate. The exhaust driven gear (1605) rotates clockwise, and due to the action of the outer ratchet pawl (1604), the outer ratchet disc (1603) is pushed to rotate clockwise. Since the outer ratchet disc (1603) is welded and fixed to the exhaust screw (8), the exhaust is The screw (8) rotates, thereby driving the air extraction movable baffle (6) to move forward. At the same time, the clockwise rotation of the outer ratchet disc (1603) does not drive the inner ratchet disc (1601) to rotate because it is in the opposite direction to the pushing direction of the inner ratchet pawl (1602), and the air injection screw (9) does not move. The rotation of the air extraction screw (8) drives the air extraction movable baffle (6) to move forward along the axial direction, and the space in the rear air area is expanded, so that the internal pressure is reduced. At this time, the pressurized gas in the cabin enters the rear air area through the low-pressure one-way valve (10), thereby achieving the effect of reducing the air pressure in the cabin. When the cabin pressure is normal, the air extraction drive motor (17) can be turned off. When the above work is completed, the air injection drive motor (18) is activated, and the air injection drive motor (18) drives the air injection active gear (14) to rotate through the air injection drive gear (20), and finally drives the three air injection driven gears (15) distributed at equal angles along the radial direction of the rib to rotate clockwise. The air injection driven gear (15) drives the air injection screw (9) to rotate clockwise through a flat key. At the same time, one end of the air injection screw (9) is welded and fixedly connected to the inner ratchet disk (1601), so that the inner ratchet disk (1601) rotates clockwise and drives the inner ratchet pawl (1602) to push the outer ratchet disk (1603) to rotate. Since the outer ratchet disk (1603) is welded and fixedly connected to the air extraction screw (8), it drives the air extraction screw (8) to rotate, and the clockwise rotation of the outer ratchet disk (1603) does not drive the air extraction driven gear (1605) to rotate because it is opposite to the pushing direction of the outer ratchet pawl (1604), thereby achieving The action decoupling of the exhaust screw (8), the injection screw (9), and the injection driven gear (15) rotating at the same speed while the exhaust driven gear (1605) does not rotate is achieved, and the exhaust screw (8) and the injection screw (9) maintain the same rotation speed, driving the exhaust movable baffle (6) and the injection movable baffle (7) to move forward linearly at the same speed, thereby achieving the expansion of the rear air area and the compression of the front nitrogen area. The expansion of the rear air area causes the internal air pressure to decrease, so that the gas in the cabin enters the rear air area again through the low-pressure one-way valve (10), while the compression of the front nitrogen area causes the internal pressure to increase, so that the internal nitrogen is injected into the cabin through the low-pressure one-way valve (10). Since the exhaust movable baffle (6) and the injection movable baffle (7) have the same linear motion speed, the exhaust rate and the nitrogen injection rate are also consistent, so the pressure in the cabin does not change, and finally nitrogen replenishment and inerting are completed under the condition that the gas pressure in the cabin remains unchanged.

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