A method for repairing an ecological corridor of a navigable river

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of navigation river ecological corridor repair method, comprising: S1: the navigation river ecological corridor is divided into river ecological space and bank area ecological space;S2: the river ecological space is divided into navigation area, riparian wetland and flood area transversely, and the bank area ecological space is divided into bank area passage buffer zone and ecological system service and protection zone;S3: the river ecological space is divided into river biodiversity protection zone and river ecological maintenance zone longitudinally, and the bank area ecological space is divided into seven categories such as forestland ecological system service and protection zone;S4: in riparian wetland, ecological revetment is set in drawdown area, and a variety of aquatic plant communities are set in the transverse direction in coastal shoal area and nearshore floodplain area;In bank area passage buffer zone, a variety of terrestrial plant community protection belts are set;In ecological system service and protection zone, a variety of plant community protection belts are set.The repair method can make the navigation river ecological corridor meet multiple functional requirements.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of river ecology, and in particular to a method for repairing a navigable river ecological corridor. BACKGROUND

[0002] River corridors are one of the main types of ecological corridors and are a key component of ecological networks, with multiple natural functions such as material and energy exchange, flood control, biodiversity protection, water purification, pollution interception, and soil erosion prevention, as well as multiple social functions such as water-friendly leisure, heritage protection, tourism and health care, and industrial development. In the context of the ongoing urbanization process in China, which has led to the disappearance of some natural habitats, the fragmentation of regional ecosystems, and a decrease in biodiversity, only by strengthening the construction of ecological corridors such as river corridors and building ecological networks with a small amount of ecological land can the contradiction between urbanization construction and industrial and agricultural development and ecological protection land be alleviated, and the safety of regional ecosystems can be ensured.

[0003] Navigable river ecological corridors are ecological space regions formed by river channels and their riparian zones, bank zones, and other areas. The ecological space of a navigable river ecological corridor can be divided into river channels, floodplains, and highland edge transition zones in the horizontal direction, generally exhibits a deep pool-shoal sequence in the vertical direction, and has layered physical habitats and biological communities in the vertical direction. However, due to the fact that the construction of navigable river ecological corridors is still in its infancy in China, there is a lack of in-depth research on the ecological function zoning of navigable river ecological corridors, leading to the fact that the developed zoning ecological protection schemes are often not very reasonable, and the navigable river ecological corridors cannot simultaneously meet multiple functional requirements such as flood control, water supply, biodiversity protection, navigation, tourism, aquaculture, water conservation protection, and soil conservation. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for repairing a navigable river ecological corridor that can meet multiple functional requirements.

[0005] The present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a method for repairing a navigable river ecological corridor, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: The river channel and floodplain in the navigable river ecological corridor located below the average flood level line are designated as river ecological space, and the bank zone forest and grassland above the average flood level line and the forest land, green land, and wetland adjacent to the river channel are designated as bank ecological space;

[0008] S2: transversely divide the river ecological space, the central area of the river is designated as the navigation area, the area outside the navigation area on both sides of the river, within the multi-year average flood level line is designated as the riparian wetland area, the area within the dam of the river with embankment and the area within the multi-year average flood level line at other locations is designated as the flood discharge area; transversely divide the bank ecological space, the forest and grass belt coverage area above the average flood level line and the area with forest and grass belt construction conditions is designated as the bank passage buffer zone, the forest land, green land and wetland adjacent to the bank passage buffer zone is designated as the ecosystem service and protection area;

[0009] S3: longitudinally divide the river ecological space, the river section with river beach and floodplain and the river section with river beach and floodplain construction conditions is divided into the river biodiversity protection area, the river section outside the river biodiversity protection area is divided into the river ecological maintenance area; longitudinally divide the bank ecological space, according to the different land use types within 1 km from the river bank, the bank passage buffer zone of the bank ecological space is divided into seven types of forest land ecosystem service and protection area, wetland ecosystem service and protection area, green land ecosystem service and protection area, agricultural ecological environment maintenance area, human settlement environment maintenance area, water conservation area and non-ecological utilization area, the ecosystem service and protection area of the bank ecological space is divided into three types of forest land ecosystem service and protection area, wetland ecosystem service and protection area, green land ecosystem service and protection area;

[0010] S4: in the riparian wetland area, the river biodiversity protection area is transversely divided into drawdown area, near-shore shoal area, near-shore floodplain area and far-shore deep water area from the bank to the water, the river ecological maintenance area is divided into drawdown area, near-shore shoal area and far-shore deep water area, an ecological revetment is arranged in the drawdown area, the corresponding underwater topography is shaped and the aquatic plant community is constructed in the near-shore shoal area and the near-shore floodplain area, the drawdown structure is arranged in the near-shore floodplain area of the river biodiversity protection area and the near-shore shoal area of the river ecological maintenance area; the corresponding terrestrial plant community protection belt, ecological purification facilities and leisure and tourism facilities are arranged in the bank passage buffer zone according to the longitudinal partition type; the corresponding plant community protection belt, ecological purification facilities and leisure and tourism facilities are arranged in the ecosystem service and protection area according to the longitudinal partition type.

[0011] Preferably, in step S4, in the riparian wetland area, the drawdown area is the bank area between the multi-year average flood level line and the normal water level line, the slope type or vertical type ecological revetment is arranged at the position of the embankment river section in the drawdown area, and the shrub vegetation revetment is arranged at other positions.

[0012] Preferably, in step S4, the near-shore shallow area is the river beach area with water depth less than 1m, and the underwater terrain is shaped in a gentle slope or step form from the bank to the water along the horizontal direction, and the emergent plant community, floating leaf plant community and submerged plant community are arranged in the corresponding elevation area; the near-shore floodplain area is the river floodplain area with water depth less than 1.5m, and the deep pool-shallow pool alternate terrain is shaped along the horizontal direction, and the emergent plant community and submerged or floating leaf plant community are arranged in the corresponding elevation area.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, the wave dissipation structure arranged in the near-shore floodplain area of the river biodiversity protection area and the near-shore shallow area of the river ecological maintenance area is a row of piles, a stone cage or a rockfill.

[0014] Preferably, in step S4, in the woodland ecosystem service and protection area, the community protection belt of trees, shrubs and herbs, trees and herbs or shrubs and herbs is arranged in the bank area channel buffer area; and the forest belt mainly composed of trees, interspersed with shrubs and herbs is arranged in the ecosystem service and protection area.

[0015] Preferably, in step S4, in the wetland ecosystem service and protection area, the community protection belt of wet-tolerant trees and shrubs and wetland herbs is arranged in the bank area channel buffer area; and the community protection belt of trees and shrubs, wetland, emergent, floating leaf and submerged plants is shaped in a river or lake pit wetland with a gentle slope or step terrain from the bank to the water along the horizontal direction in the corresponding elevation area.

[0016] Preferably, in step S4, in the green space ecosystem service and protection area, the ornamental community protection belt of trees and shrubs combined with the leisure and tour facilities in the area is arranged in the bank area channel buffer area; and the ornamental community protection belt of trees, shrubs and herbs, trees and herbs, shrubs and herbs or herbs is arranged in the ecosystem service and protection area, and the leisure and tour facilities and the ecological purification facilities are constructed between the arranged ornamental community protection belts.

[0017] Preferably, in step S4, in the agricultural ecological environment maintenance area in the bank area channel buffer area, the community protection belt of trees, shrubs and herbs and the ecological purification facilities such as ecological interception ditch, ecological purification pond and artificial wetland are arranged.

[0018] Preferably, in step S4, in the human settlement environment maintenance area in the bank area channel buffer area, the leisure and tour facilities are arranged in the water-friendly leisure function main section to form the ornamental vegetation green belt, the green hedge isolation belt is arranged in the protection function main section, and the ecological purification facilities such as ecological interception ditch, ecological detention pool, rain garden and artificial wetland are arranged on both sides of the road.

[0019] Preferably, in step S4, the water conservation area section in the riparian corridor buffer zone is provided with a protection belt of trees, shrubs and grasses and a bio-retention belt.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The application innovatively proposes a scheme for horizontal and vertical ecological space function zoning of a navigable river ecological corridor for the first time, divides five types of horizontal ecological function zones, including a navigable zone, a riparian wetland zone, a flood discharge zone, a riparian corridor buffer zone, an ecological system service and protection zone, two types of vertical ecological function zones of a river ecological space, including a river biodiversity protection zone and a river ecological maintenance zone, and seven types of vertical ecological function zones of a riparian ecological space, including a forest ecological system service and protection zone, a wetland ecological system service and protection zone, a green land ecological system service and protection zone, an agricultural ecological environment maintenance zone, a human settlement environment maintenance zone, a water conservation zone and a non-ecological utilization zone, solves the problem of how to functionally zone the ecological space of a river ecological corridor, provides a theoretical basis and method guidance for the layout of the ecological space of a river corridor, and makes the ecological restoration of the river corridor more scientific and targeted.

[0022] In addition, the restoration method of the navigable river ecological corridor of the application sets an ecological revetment in the drawdown area of the riparian wetland zone, builds a healthy river water ecological system in the near-shore shoal area and the near-shore floodplain area of the riparian wetland zone through underwater topography shaping and aquatic plant community construction, sets a riparian zone topography and plant community, a hydrophilic leisure facility and an ecological purification facility that are adapted to the environment in the riparian corridor buffer zone and the ecological system service and protection zone, can fully exert the multiple functions of the river ecological corridor, including biodiversity protection, ecological purification, soil and water conservation, water conservation, ecological landscape, leisure and recreation, and realizes the maximization of the ecological, environmental and social values of the river ecological corridor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The specific embodiments of the application will be further described in detail below. These embodiments are only used to illustrate the application, and are not limiting to the application.

[0024] In the description of the application, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting to the application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] In addition, in the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specified.

[0027] The embodiment provides a method for repairing an ecological corridor of a navigable river, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1: The river channel and the floodplain below the average flood level line in the ecological corridor of the navigable river are divided into a river ecological space, and the woodland and grassland area above the average flood level line and the woodland, green land and wetland adjacent to the river channel are divided into a shore ecological space;

[0029] S2: The river ecological space is divided horizontally, the central area of the river channel is divided into a navigation area, the area outside the navigation area on both sides of the river channel and within the average annual flood level line is divided into a riparian wetland area, the area within the dam of the river channel with a dam and the area within the average annual flood level line at other positions are divided into a flood discharge area; the shore ecological space is divided horizontally, the woodland and grassland coverage area above the average flood level line and the area with conditions for constructing the woodland and grassland are divided into a shore passage buffer area, and the woodland, green land and wetland adjacent to the shore passage buffer area are divided into an ecological system service and protection area;

[0030] S3: The river ecological space is divided longitudinally, the river section with the river beach and the floodplain and the river section with the condition for constructing the river beach and the floodplain are divided into a river biodiversity protection area, and the river section outside the river biodiversity protection area is divided into a river ecological maintenance area; the shore ecological space is divided longitudinally, according to the different land use types within 1km from the river bank, the shore passage buffer area of the shore ecological space is divided into seven types of woodland ecological system service and protection area, wetland ecological system service and protection area, green land ecological system service and protection area, agricultural ecological environment maintenance area, human settlement environment maintenance area, water source conservation area and non-ecological utilization area, and the ecological system service and protection area of the shore ecological space is divided into three types of woodland ecological system service and protection area, wetland ecological system service and protection area and green land ecological system service and protection area;

[0031] S4: in the riparian wetland, the riverway biodiversity protection zone is divided into drawdown area, near-shore shoal area, near-shore floodplain area and far-shore deep water area from the bank to the water, the riverway ecological maintenance zone is divided into drawdown area, near-shore shoal area and far-shore deep water area, and an ecological revetment is arranged in the drawdown area, the corresponding underwater topography is shaped and the aquatic plant community is constructed in the near-shore shoal area and the near-shore floodplain area along the transverse direction, and the wave dissipation structure is arranged in the near-shore floodplain area of the riverway biodiversity protection zone and the near-shore shoal area of the riverway ecological maintenance zone; the corresponding terrestrial plant community protection belt, ecological purification facilities and leisure and touring facilities are arranged in the bank area passage buffer zone according to the longitudinal partition type; the corresponding plant community protection belt, ecological purification facilities and leisure and touring facilities are arranged in the ecosystem service and protection zone according to the longitudinal partition type.

[0032] It should be noted that the specific width of the navigable area is determined according to the corresponding navigable area width of the channel grade specified in the mandatory national standard "Inland Waterway Navigation Standard", and the dominant function of this area is navigation and water transportation; the dominant function of the riparian wetland area is wetland biodiversity protection and ecological purification; the coverage of the flood discharge area includes the navigable area and the riparian wetland area, and the dominant function is flood discharge and drainage; the dominant function of the bank area passage buffer zone is biological exchange and migration, interception and purification of non-point source pollution, and water-friendly leisure; the dominant function of the ecosystem service and protection zone is biodiversity protection, ecological landscape, leisure and recreation, non-point source pollution reduction, ecological purification, etc.

[0033] At the same time, the dominant function of the riverway biodiversity protection zone is riverway biodiversity protection and important node of ecological purification; the dominant function of the riverway ecological maintenance zone is water transportation and flood discharge, water-borne biological migration channel, water quality maintenance, shipping, etc.

[0034] In addition, the forest ecosystem service and protection zone is a bank section within a range of 1km from a bank of a river, a land use type of the bank section is mainly forest land, and a dominant function is forest biodiversity protection and ecological landscape; the wetland ecosystem service and protection zone is a bank section within a range of 1km from a bank of a river, a land use type of the bank section is mainly small and micro wetlands such as rivers and lakes, and a dominant function is maintaining wetland biodiversity protection, ecological purification, and water-friendly leisure; the green land ecosystem service and protection zone is a bank section within a range of 1km from a bank of a river, a land use type of the bank section is mainly park green land, and a dominant function is ecological landscape, leisure and recreation, green land biodiversity protection, and reduction of non-point source pollution; the agricultural ecological environment maintenance zone is a bank section within a range of 1km from a bank of a river, a land use type of the bank section is mainly farmland and fish pond land, and a dominant function is reduction of agricultural non-point source pollution and agricultural biodiversity protection; the human settlement environment maintenance zone is a bank section within a range of 1km from a bank of a river, a land use type of the bank section is mainly urban residential land, rural residential land, commercial and service land, industrial park land, public management and public service land, and a dominant function is human settlement environment maintenance and water-friendly leisure; and the water source conservation zone is a bank section within a range of 1km from a bank of a river, a land use type of the bank section is mainly road protection forest belt, wasteland, and other land with unclear purpose, and a dominant function is water source conservation and soil and water conservation; and the non-ecological utilization zone is a bank section within a range of 1km from a bank of a river, a land use type of the bank section is mainly special land types such as port and wharf, pipeline, road and bridge, and working storage land, and has no ecological function requirement.

[0035] The application innovatively proposes a transverse and longitudinal ecological space function zoning scheme of the navigable river ecological corridor for the first time, divides five types of transverse ecological function zones including a navigable zone, a riparian wetland zone, a flood discharge zone, a bank area channel buffer zone, and an ecological system service and protection zone, two types of river ecological space longitudinal ecological function zones including a river biodiversity protection zone and a river ecological maintenance zone, and seven types of bank area ecological space longitudinal ecological function zones including a forest ecosystem service and protection zone, a wetland ecosystem service and protection zone, a green land ecosystem service and protection zone, an agricultural ecological environment maintenance zone, a human settlement environment maintenance zone, a water source conservation zone, and a non-ecological utilization zone, solves the problem of how to functionally zone the ecological space of the river ecological corridor, provides a theoretical basis and method guidance for the ecological space layout of the river corridor, and makes the ecological restoration of the river corridor more scientific and targeted.

[0036] Preferably, in the embodiment, the navigable river ecological corridor is a space within a maximum outer envelope line of a total management range line of the river and adjacent forest land, green land and wetland.

[0037] It should be noted that the management range line of the river and adjacent forest land, green land and wetland includes an ecological red line, a city blue line, a river management range line, a dike management range line, a land buffer zone range line, and a riparian green land planning range line.

[0038] Preferably, in step S4, in the riparian wetland area, the drawdown zone is the riparian zone between the multi-year average flood level and the normal water level, and the slope-type or vertical-type ecological revetment is arranged at the location of the embankment river section, and the arbor-shrub vegetation revetment is arranged at other locations.

[0039] Preferably, in the embodiment, the slope-type ecological revetment can be selected from the revetment combined with the vegetation revetment, wood pile, riprap or stone cage protection foot, perforated precast block revetment, ecological concrete revetment, ecological bag revetment, and net mat type revetment; and the vertical-type ecological revetment can be selected from the dry masonry revetment, stone cage revetment, and perforated precast block revetment.

[0040] Preferably, in step S4, in the riparian wetland area, the near-shore shoal area is the river beach area with a water depth of 1 m or less, and the underwater terrain is shaped in a gentle slope or step type from the shore to the water along the transverse direction, and the emergent plant community, floating leaf plant community and submerged plant community are arranged at the corresponding elevation area; and the near-shore floodplain area is the river floodplain area with a water depth of 1.5 m or less, and the deep pool-shoal alternate terrain is shaped along the transverse direction, and the emergent plant community and submerged or floating leaf plant community are arranged at the corresponding elevation area.

[0041] Preferably, in the embodiment, in the near-shore shoal area in the riparian wetland area, the emergent plant community is arranged in the area with a water depth of 0.5 m or less; the floating leaf plant community is arranged in the area with a water depth of 0.3 m to 1.0 m; and the submerged plant community is arranged in the area with a water depth of 0.5 m to 1.0 m.

[0042] Preferably, in the embodiment, in the near-shore floodplain area in the riparian wetland area, the deep pool terrain has a water depth of 1.0 m to 2.0 m, the shoal terrain has a water depth of 0 m to 1.0 m, the emergent plant community is arranged in the area with a water depth of 0.5 m or less, the floating leaf plant community is arranged in the area with a water depth of 0.3 m to 1.0 m, and the submerged plant community is arranged in the area with a water depth of 0.5 m to 1.0 m.

[0043] Preferably, in step S4, the wave dissipation structure arranged at the river center side of the near-shore floodplain area in the river biodiversity protection zone and the near-shore shoal area in the river ecological maintenance zone is a row pile, stone cage or rock pile.

[0044] It should be noted that the form of the aquatic plant community structure arranged in the near-shore shoal area in the river ecological maintenance zone of the riparian wetland area is not absolute, and can be determined according to the width, height and length of the river beach area, such as: only the gentle slope or step type structure of the emergent plant community and floating leaf plant community, or only the emergent plant community.

[0045] Preferably, in step S4, in the forest ecosystem service and protection zone, a tree, shrub and herb community protection belt is arranged in the riparian corridor buffer zone; and a forest belt mainly composed of trees, interspersed with shrubs and herbs is arranged in the ecosystem service and protection zone to play the functions of biological habitat migration, soil and water conservation, and interception and purification of non-point source pollution.

[0046] Specifically, in the present embodiment, in the forest ecosystem service and protection zone, different-width, staggered mixed forest, pure forest, grassland and other plant community protection belts are constructed as needed in the forest ecosystem service and protection zone, and a multi-layer structure of trees, shrubs and herbs is formed in the vertical space to meet the habitat and feeding needs of different birds, mammals and reptiles.

[0047] Preferably, in step S4, in the wetland ecosystem service and protection zone, a wet-tolerant tree and shrub and wetland herb community protection belt is arranged in the riparian corridor buffer zone; and a river, lake and pond wetland with a gentle or stepped terrain is shaped in the ecosystem service and protection zone, and a tree and shrub, wetland, emergent, floating leaf and submerged plant community protection belt is arranged transversely from the bank to the water in the corresponding elevation area to play the functions of biological habitat migration, soil and water conservation, and interception and purification of non-point source pollution.

[0048] Preferably, in step S4, in the green space ecosystem service and protection zone, an ornamental tree and shrub and flower and herb community protection belt combined with the recreational facilities in the area is arranged in the riparian corridor buffer zone to play the functions of ecological landscape, water-friendly recreation and biological habitat migration; and an ornamental tree, shrub and herb, tree and herb, shrub and herb or herb community protection belt is arranged in the ecosystem service and protection zone, and recreational facilities such as footpaths, plank roads, water-friendly platforms, small squares, landscape ornaments and ecological purification facilities such as sunken green spaces, rainwater gardens, artificial wetlands, ecological interception ditches and ecological retention ponds are constructed between the arranged ornamental community protection belts to fully play the functions of ecological landscape, recreational tourism, green space biodiversity protection, rainwater retention, and non-point source pollution reduction.

[0049] Preferably, in step S4, in the agricultural ecological environment maintenance zone in the riparian corridor buffer zone, a tree, shrub and herb community protection belt and ecological purification facilities such as ecological interception ditches, ecological purification ponds and artificial wetlands are arranged.

[0050] Preferably, in the present embodiment, in the agricultural ecological environment maintenance zone in the riparian corridor buffer zone, a tree, shrub and herb, tree and herb or shrub and herb community protection belt with a width of more than 25 m is constructed on the water side, an ecological interception ditch is constructed using the original drainage ditch on both sides of the agricultural land and the road, and an ecological purification pond and an artificial wetland are constructed using the waste gas fish pond and other open spaces to play the functions of agricultural non-point source pollution interception and purification, biological habitat migration and soil and water conservation.

[0051] Preferably, in step S4, in the human habitat maintenance section in the bank area channel buffer zone, leisure and viewing facilities are arranged in the hydrophilic leisure function-based section to observe the ornamental vegetation green belt, and a hedge isolation belt is arranged in the protection function-based section.

[0052] Preferably, in the embodiment, in the human habitat maintenance section in the bank area channel buffer zone, an ornamental plant community green belt of trees, shrubs and flowers is constructed in the hydrophilic leisure section in combination with leisure and viewing facilities (such as footpaths, trestle roads, hydrophilic platforms, small squares, landscape ornaments, etc.) to play the functions of ecological landscape, hydrophilic leisure and biological habitat migration; a hedge isolation plant community protection belt of shrubs and trees is constructed in the protection section to play the functions of river protection, water and soil conservation, interception and purification of non-point source pollution and hydrophilicity; and ecological purification facilities such as ecological interception ditches, ecological storage pools, rainwater gardens and artificial wetlands are arranged on both sides of the road to play the functions of rainwater storage, reduction of non-point source pollution and ecological landscape.

[0053] Preferably, in step S4, in the water source conservation section in the bank area channel buffer zone, a tree-shrub-grass vegetation protection belt and a biological retention belt are arranged.

[0054] Preferably, in the embodiment, in the water source conservation section in the bank area channel buffer zone, a plant community protection belt mainly of trees and shrubs is constructed on the water side to reduce riverbank erosion, conserve water and soil, increase biodiversity and provide habitats for wild animals; a plant community protection belt mainly of herbs and trees and shrubs is constructed on the land side to play the function of pollutant interception and purification; and a biological retention belt is constructed using drainage ditches on both sides of the coastal road for surface runoff storage and pollution purification.

[0055] The method for repairing the navigable river ecological corridor of the present application proposes a design of ecological repair schemes for each functional section of the navigable river ecological corridor mainly based on horizontal functional zoning and supplemented by vertical functional zoning, and proposes a generally applicable technical scheme for the ecological space protection and repair of the navigable river ecological corridor, which has strong technical guidance and operability.

[0056] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, several improvements and replacements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for restoring an ecological corridor of a navigable river, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: The river channel and floodplain below the average flood level line in the ecological corridor of the navigable river are defined as the river channel ecological space, and the woodland and grassland above the average flood level line and the woodland, green land and wetland adjacent to the river channel are defined as the bank ecological space; S2: The river channel ecological space is divided horizontally, the central area of the river channel is defined as the navigation area, the area outside the navigation area on both sides of the river channel within the multi-year average flood level line is defined as the riparian wetland area, the area within the dam of the dammed river channel and the area within the multi-year average flood level line at other positions is defined as the flood discharge area; the bank ecological space is divided horizontally, the woodland and grassland coverage area above the average flood level line and the area with the conditions for building the woodland and grassland are defined as the bank passage buffer zone, and the woodland, green land and wetland adjacent to the bank passage buffer zone are defined as the ecosystem service and protection area; S3: The river channel ecological space is divided longitudinally, the river section with the river bank and floodplain and the river section with the conditions for building the river bank and floodplain are divided into the river channel biodiversity protection area, and the river section outside the river channel biodiversity protection area is divided into the river channel ecological maintenance area; the bank ecological space is divided longitudinally, according to the different land use types within 1 km from the bank, the bank passage buffer zone of the bank ecological space is divided into seven types of woodland ecosystem service and protection area, wetland ecosystem service and protection area, green land ecosystem service and protection area, agricultural ecological environment maintenance area, human settlement environment maintenance area, water conservation area and non-ecological utilization area, and the ecosystem service and protection area of the bank ecological space is divided into three types of woodland ecosystem service and protection area, wetland ecosystem service and protection area and green land ecosystem service and protection area; S4: In the riparian wetland area, the river channel biodiversity protection area is divided horizontally from the bank to the water into the drawdown area, the near-shore shallow beach area, the near-shore floodplain area and the far-shore deep water area, the river channel ecological maintenance area is divided into the drawdown area, the near-shore shallow beach area and the far-shore deep water area, the ecological revetment is arranged in the drawdown area, the corresponding underwater topography is shaped and the aquatic plant community is constructed in the near-shore shallow beach area and the near-shore floodplain area, and the wave dissipation structure is arranged in the near-shore floodplain area of the river channel biodiversity protection area and the near-shore shallow beach area of the river channel ecological maintenance area; the corresponding terrestrial plant community protection belt, ecological purification facilities and leisure and tourism facilities are arranged in the bank passage buffer zone according to the longitudinal partition type; the corresponding plant community protection belt, ecological purification facilities and leisure and tourism facilities are arranged in the ecosystem service and protection area according to the longitudinal partition type.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step S4, in the riparian wetland area, the drawdown area is the bank area between the multi-year average flood level line and the normal water level line, the slope type or vertical type ecological revetment is arranged at the dammed river section position in the drawdown area, and the shrub vegetation revetment is arranged at other positions.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S4, in the riparian wetland, the near-shore shoal area is the river beach area with water depth less than 1m, and the underwater terrain is shaped in a gentle slope or step form from the bank to the water, and the emergent plant community, floating leaf plant community and submerged plant community are arranged in the corresponding elevation area; the near-shore floodplain area is the river floodplain area with water depth less than 1.5m, and the alternate terrain of deep pool-shoal is shaped in the horizontal direction, and the emergent plant community and submerged or floating leaf plant community are arranged in the corresponding elevation area.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S4, the wave dissipation structure arranged in the near-shore floodplain area of the river biodiversity protection area and the river center of the ecological maintenance area is a row of piles, a stone cage or a rock pile.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S4, in the forest ecosystem service and protection area, the community protection belt of trees, shrubs and herbs, trees and herbs or shrubs and herbs is arranged in the bank channel buffer area; and the forest belt mainly composed of trees, interspersed with shrubs and herbs is arranged in the ecosystem service and protection area.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S4, in the wetland ecosystem service and protection area, the community protection belt of wet-tolerant trees and shrubs and wetland herbs is arranged in the bank channel buffer area; and the river and lake pond wetland with a gentle slope or step terrain is shaped, and the community protection belt of trees and shrubs, wetland, emergent, floating leaf and submerged plants is arranged in the corresponding elevation area from the bank to the water.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S4, in the green space ecosystem service and protection area, the ornamental community protection belt of trees and shrubs combined with the leisure and tourism facilities in the area is arranged in the bank channel buffer area; and the ornamental community protection belt of trees, shrubs and herbs, trees and herbs, shrubs and herbs or herbs is arranged in the ecosystem service and protection area, and the leisure and tourism facilities and ecological purification facilities are constructed between the arranged ornamental community protection belts.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S4, in the agricultural ecological environment maintenance area in the bank channel buffer area, the community protection belt of trees, shrubs and herbs and the ecological purification facilities of ecological interception ditch, ecological purification pond and artificial wetland are arranged.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S4, in the human settlement environment maintenance area in the bank channel buffer area, the leisure and tourism facilities are arranged in the ornamental vegetation green belt in the section mainly with hydrophilic leisure function, the green hedge isolation belt is arranged in the section mainly with protection function, and the ecological purification facilities of ecological interception ditch, ecological detention tank, rain garden and artificial wetland are arranged on both sides of the road.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S4, in the water source conservation area in the bank channel buffer area, the tree-shrub-herb vegetation protection belt and the biological retention belt are arranged.