A semi-active vibration isolation bearing and vibration isolation system

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of vibration control, and particularly relates to a semi-active type isolation bearing and isolation system. The application comprises a first energy dissipation part and a second energy dissipation part, both of which comprise a lower bearing plate and an upper bearing plate matched with the lower bearing plate through an arc-shaped guide surface. The upper bearing plate of the first energy dissipation part and the lower bearing plate of the second energy dissipation part form an integral part. A pivot is pivotally connected to the upper plate surface of the lower bearing plate. A bevel gear segment is arranged on the shaft body of the pivot. An arc-shaped bevel gear is fixed to the lower plate surface of the upper bearing plate. The diameter of the arc-shaped bevel gear is consistent with the diameter of the arc-shaped guide surface. The pivot rotation power is selectively provided by a driving power source at the pivot end and the arc-shaped bevel gear. The pivot axes of the two energy dissipation parts are perpendicular to each other. The application has the passive isolation function and the active isolation effect, thereby realizing the sensitivity of the reaction time and the controllability of the vibration response, and finally achieving the vibration reduction and control purposes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vibration control technology, specifically relating to a semi-active seismic isolation bearing and seismic isolation system. Background Technology

[0002] Large-span stadium roofs have complex shapes and are characterized by light weight, high flexibility, and low damping. However, when subjected to strong winds or seismic loads, the roof may bear significant tensile and shear forces, leading to inconsistent deformation, excessive displacement, and stress concentration. These phenomena can cause the roof to tear or crack, thus affecting the stability and safety of the structure. Simultaneously, the operation of powered machinery generates vibrations, which are transmitted to the foundation through the supports, causing vibrations in surrounding structures or equipment and generating noise. Clearly, for precision electronic equipment, these external vibrations can affect its accuracy and reduce its lifespan. Currently, using seismic isolation bearings to reduce or eliminate the influence of external and internal factors on the structure itself is an effective measure, as described in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN115387493A, entitled "A Microporous Polyurethane Elastomer and Steel Plate Laminated Seismic Isolation Bearing and Its Manufacturing Method," and Chinese Patent Publication No. CN108487049A, entitled "A Seismic Isolation Bearing." Clearly, as the above structure shows, current seismic isolation bearings are mainly based on "passive" seismic isolation, that is, they dissipate vibration energy by utilizing the elastic deformation and hysteretic motion of the bearings. This approach has drawbacks such as delayed response time and uncontrollable vibration response, and can no longer meet the needs of practical engineering. Therefore, it urgently needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a semi-active seismic isolation bearing that has both passive and active seismic isolation functions, thereby achieving sensitive response time and controllable vibration response, and ultimately achieving the purpose of vibration reduction and control.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A semi-active seismic isolation bearing, characterized in that it includes a first energy dissipation section and a second energy dissipation section located above the first energy dissipation section. Both energy dissipation sections include a lower support plate and an upper support plate that fits onto the lower support plate via an arc-shaped guide surface. The upper support plate of the first energy dissipation section and the lower support plate of the second energy dissipation section form an integral piece, wherein:

[0006] A rotating shaft is rotatably fitted on the upper surface of the lower support plate, and a helical gear section is provided on the shaft body. A bow-shaped helical gear is fixed on the lower surface of the upper support plate. The diameter of the bow-shaped helical gear is the same as the diameter of the arc-shaped guide surface, and the axis of the bow-shaped helical gear is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft while being parallel to the axis of the arc-shaped guide surface. The rotational power of the rotating shaft is provided by either the active power source located at the shaft end or the bow-shaped helical gear. The axes of the rotating shafts of the two energy-consuming parts are perpendicular to each other.

[0007] Preferably, both the lower support plate and the upper support plate are square grooves with the same groove length direction and their groove openings facing each other; the two side groove walls of the lower support plate are concave in the vertical direction to form the arc-shaped guide surface, and the two side groove walls of the upper support plate are provided with mating ends in the vertical direction. The arc-shaped guide surface and the mating end form a sliding guide fit; a sealing plate is arranged at the groove end of the lower support plate, the axis of rotation is parallel to the length direction of the lower support plate, and after passing through the sealing plate, it forms a power fit with the active power source.

[0008] Preferably, an outward flange is arranged at the arc-shaped guide surface, so that the cross-sectional shape of the arc-shaped guide surface is "7" shaped, and an inward flange is provided at the mating end and is inserted into the arc-shaped guide surface from the outside to the inside.

[0009] Preferably, the lower support plate has a snap-fit ​​base in the groove for supporting the rotating shaft at two points. The snap-fit ​​base is provided with a semi-circular snap-fit, so that the snap-fit ​​base and the semi-circular snap-fit ​​are engaged to form a mounting seat through which the rotating shaft can pass. One snap-fit ​​base and one semi-circular snap-fit ​​are engaged to form a set of support components. There are two sets of support components, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the helical gear segment.

[0010] Preferably, the two ends of the arc-shaped guide surface are provided with limiting protrusions to limit the sliding range of the upper support plate.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes a third energy-consuming part; the third energy-consuming part includes a ball joint housing fixed to the upper surface of the upper support plate of the second energy-consuming part and a ball head spherically hinged in the ball joint housing, with a connecting rod extending radially from the ball head for fixing the upper structure; along the vertical direction, a spherical polytetrafluoroethylene plate and a high-temperature vulcanized rubber body are arranged sequentially between the ball head and the ball joint housing.

[0012] Preferably, the high-temperature vulcanized rubber body is embedded with a steel wire mesh.

[0013] Preferably, the active power source is an electric motor, and the semi-active vibration isolation bearing also includes an energy storage component with a battery; when the rotational power of the shaft comes from the helical gear, the active power source stores electrical energy in the battery through magnetoelectricity; the battery provides working power for the active power source.

[0014] Preferably, the seismic isolation system utilizes a semi-active seismic isolation bearing, characterized in that: each semi-active seismic isolation bearing is distributedly installed between the superstructure and the substructure; each semi-active seismic isolation bearing is equipped with a controller to control the active power source within the corresponding semi-active seismic isolation bearing to generate active action; each semi-active seismic isolation bearing is also equipped with a data acquisition sensor, which collects the current position and status of the semi-active seismic isolation bearing and communicates with the controller via a network, enabling each semi-active seismic isolation bearing to determine its own action state based on its current position and the current status of the surrounding bearings, thereby achieving distributed control.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0016] Unlike traditional passively controlled seismic isolation bearings, this invention employs a design approach that combines active and passive control. During operation, passive control is the primary mode; active control is only activated when the structural dynamic response begins to exceed limits, thus achieving both sensitive response time and controllable vibration response. More specifically, during operation, the meshing of the rotating shaft and the helical gear allows for both forward and reverse rotation. In passive control, the upper support plate actively applies force to the lower support plate's rotating shaft, and the arc-shaped guide surface ensures damping and control effects; in this case, the helical gear can be considered the active power source. In active control, the addition of an active power source enables the lower support plate's rotating shaft to actively apply force to the upper support plate, thereby actively adjusting its damping and stiffness in real time during operation to ensure effective damping and control, resulting in significant performance.

[0017] It can be seen that the present invention has good overall integrity and high stability, and the manufacturing process is simple and the installation and operation are convenient. By changing the action mode in real time to adjust its own damping and stiffness, it can effectively achieve the purpose of vibration reduction and control. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the coordination state of the first or second energy-consuming part.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the helical gear and the shaft.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper support plate;

[0022] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the third energy-consuming part of the ball joint.

[0023] The actual correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in this invention is as follows:

[0024] A - First energy-consuming section; B - Second energy-consuming section; C - Third energy-consuming section;

[0025] 10-Lower support plate; 11-Arc-shaped guide surface; 11a-Outward flange; 12-Limiting protrusion;

[0026] 20 - Upper support plate; 21 - Mating end; 21a - Inner flange; 22 - Bow-shaped helical gear;

[0027] 31-Shaft; 32-Active power source; 33-Snap-on base; 34-Semi-circular snap-on; 35-Helical gear segment;

[0028] 41-Spherical hinge housing; 42-Ball head; 43-Connecting rod; 44-Spherical polytetrafluoroethylene sheet; 45-High-temperature vulcanized rubber body. Detailed Implementation

[0029] For ease of understanding, this section combines... Figure 1-6 The specific structure and operation of the present invention are further described below:

[0030] Unlike traditional passive seismic isolation bearings, this invention also has active control functions. It can adjust its own damping and stiffness in real time through a controller, thereby achieving vibration reduction and control. It has good overall integrity, high stability, and simple manufacturing process and convenient installation and operation.

[0031] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following specific embodiments:

[0032] like Figure 1-3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention includes a first energy-consuming part A that is interconnected and offset by 90 degrees from each other, and a second energy-consuming part B located above the first energy-consuming part A. A third energy-consuming part C is also disposed above the second energy-consuming part B. During operation, as... Figure 3 As shown, the bottom surface of the first energy-consuming part A is fixed to the lower structure, and the top surface of the third energy-consuming part C is fixed to the upper structure, thereby forming a support structure.

[0033] In the design, the first energy-consuming part A and the second energy-consuming part B have identical structures, differing only in that they are offset by 90 degrees. More specifically: as Figure 3-4 As shown, both the first energy-consuming part A and the second energy-consuming part B consist of an upper support plate 20, a lower support plate 10, a helical gear 22, a rotating shaft 31, a semi-circular buckle 34, a buckle base 33, a limiting protrusion 12, and a motor serving as the active power source 32. In actual assembly, as... Figure 5As shown, the helical gear 22 is located at the bottom of the groove of the upper support plate 20, and the helical gear 22 and the bottom of the groove of the upper support plate 20 are welded together. The snap-fit ​​base 33 is located at the bottom of the groove of the lower support plate 10, and the snap-fit ​​base 33 and the lower support plate 10 are welded together; at the same time, a bearing-like mounting structure is formed between the semi-circular snap-fit ​​34 and the snap-fit ​​base 33, thereby... Figure 4 The rotating shaft 31 is mounted on the lower support plate 10. In addition, a motor is provided on the sealing plate at the slot of the lower support plate 10, and the lower support plate 10 is connected to the motor by bolts; then the motor is connected to the rotating shaft 31, and a helical gear section 35 is provided in the middle section of the rotating shaft 31.

[0034] During installation, the upper support plate 20 and the lower support plate 10 are as follows: Figure 1-3 The slots shown are opposite each other. The two slot walls of the upper support plate 20 protrude downwards and are recessed inwards to form mating ends 21 with inward flanges 21a, while the two slot walls of the lower support plate 10 are recessed and outwardly flanged to form arc-shaped guide surfaces 11 with outward flanges 11a. The mating ends 21 shown in Figure 5 are connected to the... Figure 4 The meshing and sliding fit of the arc-shaped guide surface 11 shown enables the relative sliding function between the upper support plate 20 and the lower support plate 10. At the same time, the meshing of the arc-shaped helical gear 22 and the helical gear segment 35 provides a power source for the relative sliding of the upper support plate 20 and the lower support plate 10, whether actively or passively.

[0035] When the upper support plate 20 and the lower support plate 10 are passively sliding, that is, when the present invention is in a passive control state, the dynamic response of the support structure is small. The relative sliding of the support plates at the first energy-consuming part A and the second energy-consuming part B will drive the rotating shaft 31 to move and cut the magnetic lines of force at the motor. Using the principle of magnetization, the motor can convert the mechanical energy generated by the external load into electrical energy and store it in the battery of the energy storage component to provide working power for the subsequent active control mode.

[0036] Of course, to improve the operational reliability of this invention, such as Figure 3-4 As shown, both ends of the groove wall of the lower support plate 10 are provided with limiting protrusions 12 to limit the maximum relative displacement between the upper support plate 20 and the lower support plate 10.

[0037] Based on the above structure, such as Figure 1-2 and Figure 6 As shown, the third energy-consuming part C of the present invention is a ball joint structure, including a ball joint shell 41, a high-temperature vulcanized rubber body 45, a spherical polytetrafluoroethylene plate 44, and a ball head 42 connected to a steel column or connecting rod 43. During assembly, the ball joint shell 41 has no bottom and is located above the second energy-consuming part B; the two are connected by welding. Figure 6As shown, the ball head 42 is located inside the ball hinge housing 41. Between the ball hinge housing 41 and the ball head 42, a spherical polytetrafluoroethylene plate 44 and a high-temperature vulcanized rubber body 45 are arranged in sequence. The high-temperature vulcanized rubber body 45 is embedded with steel wire mesh.

[0038] The presence of the third energy-dissipating section C ensures that the bottom and upper structures of the invention remain parallel or at a specific angle after assembly and during operation, preventing stress concentration at the invention site and achieving vibration isolation. Simultaneously, the high-temperature vulcanized rubber body 45 incorporated in the third energy-dissipating section C aims to dissipate vertical loads through deformation. Thus, the cross-arrangement of the first energy-dissipating section A and the second energy-dissipating section B can offset horizontal loads from any direction. Combined with the ball-joint structure of the high-temperature vulcanized rubber body 45, this forms a three-stage energy-dissipating assembly, giving the invention triaxial seismic resistance.

[0039] Furthermore, this invention can also employ a distributed control mode, where each semi-active seismic isolation bearing is equipped with a controller. These controllers communicate via a network, such as Ethernet or a wireless network. In this way, the data acquisition sensors on each semi-active seismic isolation bearing can determine how to actively move based on their own position and the state of surrounding bearings. The advantage of this method is that it enables highly distributed control, eliminating the need for a centralized controller, thereby improving system reliability and robustness, and offering great flexibility and convenience in use.

[0040] Therefore, the overall advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0041] 1) When the entire structure is subjected to a small horizontal load, since the directions of movement of the first energy dissipation part A and the second energy dissipation part B are perpendicular to each other, as can be seen from the planar vector, the present invention can move in any direction within the realization plane. Through the height difference between the first energy dissipation part A and the second energy dissipation part B during movement, kinetic energy can be converted into potential energy to achieve the purpose of passive damping and passive control.

[0042] 2) When the entire structure is subjected to a large horizontal load, the motor adopts different operating conditions according to the purpose and vibration isolation requirements of the present invention.

[0043] Working condition 1: To solve the problem of excessive displacement of the superstructure, the motor in the area with the larger displacement can be controlled to run in the opposite direction of the external load to reduce the displacement of the superstructure.

[0044] Working condition 2: To solve the resonance problem, control the motor to apply power in the opposite direction of the rotational tendency, change the rigidity and damping of the invention, and thus change the structural resonance characteristics.

[0045] Working condition 3: To solve the problem of uneven stress or vertical swaying of the upper structure, all motors of the first energy-consuming part A and all motors of the second energy-consuming part B are controlled to run synchronously. In this way, the relative displacement of the top of all supports, that is, the top of the connecting rod 43, is zero, thereby achieving the vibration isolation effect of the upper structure.

[0046] 3) When the entire structure is subjected to vertical loads, the high-temperature vulcanized rubber body 45 in the ball joint structure of this invention can absorb and dissipate a portion of the vertical impact through shear deformation. At the same time, the working state of the first energy dissipation part A and the second energy dissipation part B can change the load direction and perform hysteretic motion in a specific direction to dissipate energy, which enables this invention to have good vibration isolation effect in the vertical direction as well.

[0047] Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, but also includes the same or similar structures that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0048] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0049] The technologies, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A semi-active vibration isolation bearing, characterized by: The energy dissipation device comprises a first energy dissipation part (A) and a second energy dissipation part (B) above the first energy dissipation part (A), both of which comprise a lower support plate (10) and an upper support plate (20) matched with the lower support plate (10) through an arc-shaped guide surface (11), the upper support plate (20) of the first energy dissipation part (A) and the lower support plate (10) of the second energy dissipation part (B) form an integral piece, wherein: The upper plate surface of the lower support plate (10) is rotationally matched with a rotating shaft (31), the shaft body of the rotating shaft (31) is provided with a helical gear segment (35), the lower plate surface of the upper support plate (20) is fixed with an arc-shaped helical gear (22), the diameter of the arc-shaped helical gear (22) is consistent with the diameter of the arc-shaped guide surface (11), and the axis of the arc-shaped helical gear (22) is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft (31) while being parallel to the axis of the arc-shaped guide surface (11); the rotation power of the rotating shaft (31) is selectively provided by a driving power source (32) at the shaft end of the rotating shaft (31) and the arc-shaped helical gear (22); the axes of the rotating shafts (31) of the two energy dissipation parts are perpendicular to each other; The lower support plate (10) and the upper support plate (20) are both in the shape of a square groove with the same direction of the groove length and the groove openings opposite to each other; the two side groove walls of the lower support plate (10) are recessed in the vertical direction and form the arc-shaped guide surface (11), the two side groove walls of the upper support plate (20) are provided with matching ends (21) in the vertical direction, and the arc-shaped guide surface (11) and the matching ends (21) form a sliding guide matching; the groove end of the lower support plate (10) is arranged with an enclosing plate, the axis of the rotating shaft (31) is parallel to the length direction of the lower support plate (10) and penetrates through the enclosing plate to form a power matching with the driving power source (32).

2. The semi-active vibration isolation mount of claim 1, wherein: The arc-shaped guide surface (11) is arranged with an everted edge (11a), so that the cross-sectional shape of the arc-shaped guide surface (11) is in the shape of "7", and the matching end (21) is provided with an inverted edge (21a) and is clamped into the arc-shaped guide surface (11) from the outside to the inside.

3. The semi-active vibration isolation mount of claim 1, wherein: The groove cavity of the lower support plate (10) is provided with a buckle base (33) for supporting the rotating shaft (31) at two points, the buckle base (33) is arranged with a semicircular buckle (34), so that the buckle base (33) and the semicircular buckle (34) form a mounting seat through which the shaft body of the rotating shaft (31) passes; one buckle base (33) and one semicircular buckle (34) form a support assembly, and there are two support assemblies arranged at the two ends of the helical gear segment (35).

4. The semi-active vibration isolation mount according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: The two ends of the arc-shaped guide surface (11) are arranged with limiting protrusions (12) for limiting the sliding action amplitude of the upper support plate (20).

5. The semi-active vibration isolation mount according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: It further comprises a third energy dissipation part (C); the third energy dissipation part (C) comprises a spherical hinge shell (41) fixed to the upper surface of the upper support plate (20) of the second energy dissipation part (B) and a spherical head (42) spherically hinged in the spherical hinge shell (41), and the spherical head (42) is radially extended with a connecting rod (43) for fixing the upper structure; in the vertical direction, the spherical head (42) and the spherical hinge shell (41) are sequentially arranged with a spherical polytetrafluoroethylene plate (44) and a high-temperature vulcanized rubber body (45).

6. The semi-active vibration isolation mount of claim 5, wherein: The high-temperature vulcanized rubber body (45) is embedded with a steel wire mesh.

7. The semi-active vibration isolation mount according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: The active power source (32) is an electric motor, and the semi-active vibration isolation bearing further comprises an electricity storage assembly with a battery; when the rotary power of the rotating shaft (31) comes from the arcuate bevel gear (22), the active power source (32) stores electric energy into the battery in a magnetic electricity generation manner; and the battery provides working power for the active power source (32).

8. A seismic isolation system employing a semi-active seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized by: The semi-active vibration isolation bearings are distributedly arranged between the upper structure and the lower structure, each of the semi-active vibration isolation bearings is equipped with a controller, so as to control the active power source (32) in the corresponding semi-active vibration isolation bearing to generate active action; and each of the semi-active vibration isolation bearings is further equipped with a collection sensor, the collection sensor collects the current position and state of the semi-active vibration isolation bearing and performs network communication with the controller, so that each semi-active vibration isolation bearing can determine its action state according to its current position and the current state of the surrounding bearings, thereby achieving the distributed control purpose.

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