A fast open slow close inflation valve for plasma disruption protection and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application provides a quick-opening and slow-closing inflation valve for plasma disruption protection and a use method thereof, which comprises the following components: a valve body, a working cavity, a back pressure cavity, an aluminum valve core, a working cavity sealing ring, a valve rod sealing ring, a barrier sealing ring, a high-voltage coil box, a flat coil, a high-voltage electrode, a working cavity air inlet valve, a pressure sensor, a back pressure cavity air inlet valve, a back pressure cavity air outlet valve, an outlet flange, a working cavity volume adjusting block, a working cavity air inlet pipe and a back pressure cavity air inlet pipe. The application realizes the complete release of the working gas in the working cavity by adopting a quick-opening and slow-closing working principle and accurately controlling the working gas pressure, so that the single inflation amount is accurately controllable in advance, and a more reliable impurity injection tool is provided for carrying out quantitative plasma disruption mitigation experiments.

Description

A quick-opening, slow-closing gas filling valve for plasma breakage protection and its usage method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of vacuum technology, high-pressure vessels, electromagnetic drive and magnetic confinement fusion, specifically a fast-opening and slow-closing gas filling valve for plasma rupture protection and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In tokamak discharge experiments, plasma breakup is difficult to avoid due to factors such as plasma control, magnetohydrodynamic instability, impurities, and high-energy escape particles. Especially in maintaining steady-state high-parameter plasma discharge—a key research area for achieving steady-state operation of tokamak fusion reactors—plasma breakup discharges can cause severe damage, such as large thermal loads on the first wall, strong mechanical stress, and large escape currents, even causing serious damage to the divertor target plate, first wall components, and even the entire device. Although the operating limits of different parameters in existing tokamak discharges have been thoroughly studied, and tokamaks can be controlled within a "safe operating" region to avoid breakup, some breakup is still unavoidable. Therefore, research on plasma breakup mitigation is necessary and crucial to avoid or reduce the damage caused by breakup to large devices under high-parameter conditions, and it is also one of the current focuses of tokamak plasma physics research.

[0003] Experimental studies have found that if a certain amount of impurity particles can be rapidly injected into the plasma before a rupture occurs, the harmfulness of the plasma rupture can be reduced to a minimum, thus protecting the device.

[0004] Due to the suddenness of plasma disruption, a fast-response impurity injection system is necessary to achieve rapid and precise impurity particle injection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention overcomes the technical problem that existing rapid inflation valves cannot accurately determine the amount of air introduced each time. By adopting a two-chamber structure and using a fast-opening and slow-closing working principle and precise control of the working air pressure, the complete release of the air pressure in the working chamber is achieved, thereby realizing precise control of the amount of air introduced each time. This provides a more reliable impurity injection tool for carrying out quantitative plasma fracture mitigation experiments.

[0006] This invention proposes a fast-opening, slow-closing inflation valve for plasma breakage protection, comprising a valve body, a working chamber, a back pressure chamber, an aluminum valve core, a working chamber sealing ring, a valve stem sealing ring, a barrier sealing ring, a high-voltage coil box, a flat coil, a high-voltage electrode, a working chamber inlet valve, a pressure sensor, a back pressure chamber inlet valve, a back pressure chamber outlet valve, an outlet flange, a working chamber volume adjustment block, a working chamber inlet pipe, and a back pressure chamber inlet pipe, among other components. The valve body consists of a working chamber and a back pressure chamber. The working chamber is connected to high-pressure gas via a working chamber inlet pipe and a working chamber inlet valve. The back pressure chamber is connected to a back pressure chamber inlet valve and a back pressure chamber outlet valve via a back pressure chamber inlet pipe. A valve stem sealing ring is installed on the valve stem of the aluminum valve core. The aluminum valve core runs through the working chamber and the back pressure chamber, and the two chambers are isolated by the valve stem sealing ring. An isolation flange sealing ring is located in the sealing ring grooves at the top and bottom of the high-voltage coil box. The high-voltage coil box is installed inside the back pressure chamber by screws. A pressure sensor is connected to the working chamber via a connecting pipe and can measure the gas pressure inside the working chamber. A working chamber volume adjustment block is installed inside the working chamber and can adjust the internal volume of the working chamber according to actual needs. One end of the high-voltage electrode is connected to the flat coil in the high-voltage coil box, and the other end is connected to a high-voltage pulse power supply.

[0007] The aluminum valve core has an "I" shaped structure, with a mushroom-shaped structure at the top, which is the electromagnetic force-bearing component, and a flat, smooth structure at the bottom, which is the outlet sealing surface of the quick valve. The valve stem in the middle of the valve core is designed with a two-layer O-ring sealing structure, which not only ensures the straightness of the valve core's movement, but also isolates the two chambers and prevents the gas in the two chambers from crossing each other.

[0008] The high-voltage coil box is made of G10 material and consists of two parts, upper and lower, located at the bottom of the mushroom-shaped valve core structure. The flat coil inside is wound with high-voltage enameled wire and is a single-layer flat coil. O-ring seals are installed on both the upper and lower sides of the coil box to isolate the working chamber and the back pressure chamber. When a pulse current is applied to the flat coil inside the high-voltage coil box, the valve core experiences a strong electromagnetic repulsion and moves towards the back pressure chamber, thus opening the valve.

[0009] The valve body consists of a working chamber and a back pressure chamber. The working air pressure inside the working chamber can be controlled by the air inlet valve of the working chamber, so the amount of gas in the working chamber can be precisely controlled. The back pressure chamber is filled with a certain amount of high-pressure gas through the air inlet valve of the back pressure chamber. The high-pressure gas will generate a downward thrust on the valve core, thereby achieving the closure of the valve core.

[0010] On the other hand, a method for using a fast-opening, slow-closing inflation valve for plasma breakage protection has been proposed in this field, and its operation steps are as follows:

[0011] (1) First, a certain amount of high-pressure gas is injected into the back pressure cavity through the back pressure cavity inlet valve. At this time, the valve core will move into the working cavity under the action of the high-pressure gas pressure and fit with the sealing ring at the bottom of the working cavity to achieve sealing. At the same time, the barrier sealing rings at the top and bottom of the high-voltage coil box also seal with the mushroom-shaped structure on the upper part of the valve core and the valve body, thereby achieving isolation between the two cavities and effectively preventing gas leakage between the two cavities.

[0012] (2) Then, a certain amount of high-pressure gas is injected into the working chamber through the working chamber inlet valve. The specific internal pressure can be measured in real time by a pressure sensor. Since there is a sealing ring between the two chambers, the working gas pressure will not leak into the back pressure chamber.

[0013] (3) Then, the high-pressure gas inside the back pressure chamber is released through the back pressure chamber vent valve. At this time, due to the pressure difference, the valve core is still in a sealed state and the gas will not leak.

[0014] (4) Finally, the high-voltage electrode is connected to the high-voltage pulse power supply. A high-voltage pulse current will be generated in the flat coil inside the high-voltage coil box. Therefore, the valve core will be subjected to a strong pulse electromagnetic force, and thus move towards the back pressure cavity. Since there is no pressure in the back pressure cavity and due to the friction of the valve stem sealing ring, the valve core will not automatically reset. Therefore, all the working gas inside the working cavity will be ejected from the outlet flange, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid and quantitative gas delivery.

[0015] This invention employs a two-chamber structure and utilizes a fast-opening, slow-closing working principle and precise control of the working gas pressure to achieve complete release of the working gas within the working chamber. This enables precise and controllable pre-filling of the gas volume, providing a more reliable impurity injection tool for conducting quantitative plasma fracture mitigation experiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] As shown in Figure 1, a fast-opening and slow-closing inflation valve for plasma breakage protection includes a valve body 17, a working chamber 7, a back pressure chamber 6, an aluminum valve core 12, a working chamber sealing ring 11, a valve stem sealing ring 10, an upper barrier sealing ring 8, a lower barrier sealing ring 9, a high-voltage coil box 13, a flat coil 14, a high-voltage electrode 5, a working chamber inlet valve 3, a pressure sensor 4, a back pressure chamber inlet valve 1, a back pressure chamber outlet valve 2, an outlet flange 19, a working chamber volume adjustment block 16, a working chamber inlet pipe 18, and a back pressure chamber inlet pipe 15. The valve body 17 consists of a working chamber 7 and a back pressure chamber 6. The working chamber 7 is connected to high-pressure gas through the working chamber inlet pipe 18 and the working chamber inlet valve 3. The back pressure chamber 6 is connected to the back pressure chamber inlet valve 1 and the back pressure chamber outlet valve 2 through the back pressure chamber inlet pipe 15. The valve stem sealing ring 10 is installed on the valve stem of the aluminum valve core 12. The aluminum valve core 12 runs through the working chamber 7 and the back pressure chamber 6, and the valve stem sealing ring 10 isolates the two chambers. The upper barrier sealing ring 8 and the lower isolation sealing ring 9 are also present. The sealing rings are located in the top and bottom grooves of the high-voltage coil box 13, respectively. The high-voltage coil box 13 is installed inside the back pressure cavity 6 by screws. The pressure sensor 4 is connected to the working cavity 7 through a connecting pipe and can measure the gas pressure inside the working cavity. The working cavity volume adjustment block 16 is installed inside the working cavity 7 and can adjust the internal volume of the working cavity 7 according to actual needs. One end of the high-voltage electrode 5 is connected to the flat coil 14 in the high-voltage coil box 13, and the other end is connected to the high-voltage pulse power supply. The aluminum valve core 12 has an "I" shaped structure. Its upper end has a mushroom-shaped structure, which is the electromagnetic force receiving component, and its lower end has a flat and smooth structure, which is the outlet sealing surface of the fast-opening and slow-closing inflation valve. The valve stem sealing ring 10 in the middle of the valve core has a two-layer O-ring sealing structure, which not only ensures the alignment of the valve core movement, but also isolates the two cavities and prevents the gas in the two cavities from crossing each other. The high-voltage coil box 13 is made of G10 material and consists of two parts, upper and lower, located at the bottom of the mushroom-shaped structure of the aluminum valve core 12. Inside, the flat coil 14 is wound with high-voltage enameled wire and is a single-layer flat coil. On both the upper and lower sides of the high-voltage coil box 13, O-rings (upper and lower) forming a sealing structure, effectively isolate the working chamber 7 from the back pressure chamber 6. When a pulse current is applied to the flat coil 14 inside the high-voltage coil box 13, the aluminum valve core 12 experiences a strong electromagnetic repulsion and moves towards the back pressure chamber 6, thus opening it.The valve body 17 consists of a working chamber 7 and a back pressure chamber 6. The working air pressure inside the working chamber can be controlled by the air inlet valve 3 of the working chamber, so the amount of gas in the working chamber can be precisely controlled. The back pressure chamber 6 is filled with a certain amount of high-pressure gas through the air inlet valve 1 of the back pressure chamber. The high-pressure gas will generate a downward thrust on the aluminum valve core 12, thereby achieving the closing of the aluminum valve core 12.

[0019] The implementation method of the present invention is as follows:

[0020] First, a certain amount of high-pressure gas is injected into the back pressure chamber 6 through the back pressure chamber inlet valve 1. At this time, the aluminum valve core 12 will move into the working chamber 7 under the action of the high-pressure gas pressure and fit with the working chamber sealing ring 11 at the bottom of the working chamber 7 to achieve a seal. At the same time, the upper barrier sealing ring 8 and the lower barrier sealing ring 9 at the top and bottom of the high-voltage coil box 13 also seal with the mushroom-shaped structure and the cavity on the upper part of the aluminum valve core 12, thereby achieving isolation between the two cavities and effectively preventing gas leakage between the two cavities.

[0021] Then, a certain amount of high-pressure gas is injected into the working chamber 7 through the working chamber inlet valve 3. The specific internal pressure can be measured in real time by the pressure sensor 4. Since there is a sealing ring between the two chambers, the working gas pressure will not leak into the back pressure chamber.

[0022] Next, the high-pressure gas inside the back pressure chamber 6 is released through the back pressure chamber vent valve 2. At this time, due to the pressure difference, the aluminum valve core 12 is still in a sealed state and the gas will not leak.

[0023] Finally, the high-voltage electrode 5 is connected to the high-voltage pulse power supply, and a high-voltage pulse current is generated in the flat coil 14 inside the high-voltage coil box 13. Therefore, the aluminum valve core 12 is subjected to a strong pulse electromagnetic force, which causes it to move towards the back pressure chamber 6. Since there is no pressure in the back pressure chamber 6 and due to the friction of the valve stem sealing ring 10, the aluminum valve core 12 will not automatically reset. Therefore, all the working gas inside the working chamber 7 will be ejected from the outlet flange 19, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid and quantitative gas delivery.

Claims

1. A quick-opening, slow-closing inflation valve for plasma breakage protection, comprising a valve body, a working chamber, a back pressure chamber, an aluminum valve core, a working chamber sealing ring, a valve stem sealing ring, a barrier sealing ring, a high-voltage coil box, a flat coil, a high-voltage electrode, a working chamber inlet valve, a pressure sensor, a back pressure chamber inlet valve, a back pressure chamber outlet valve, an outlet flange, a working chamber volume adjustment block, a working chamber inlet pipe, and a back pressure chamber inlet pipe, characterized in that: The valve body comprises a working chamber and a back pressure chamber. The working chamber is connected to high-pressure gas via a working chamber inlet pipe and a working chamber inlet valve. The back pressure chamber is connected to a back pressure chamber inlet valve and a back pressure chamber outlet valve via a back pressure chamber inlet pipe. A valve stem sealing ring is mounted on the valve stem of the aluminum valve core. The aluminum valve core penetrates both the working chamber and the back pressure chamber, isolating the two chambers via the valve stem sealing ring. A barrier sealing ring is located in the sealing ring grooves at the top and bottom of the high-voltage coil box. The high-voltage coil box is mounted inside the back pressure chamber by screws. The pressure sensor... The working chamber is connected to the connecting pipe for measuring the gas pressure inside the working chamber; the working chamber volume adjustment block is installed inside the working chamber to adjust the internal volume of the working chamber according to actual needs; one end of the high-voltage electrode is connected to the flat coil in the high-voltage coil box, and the other end is connected to the high-voltage pulse power supply; the aluminum valve core has an "I" shaped structure, the upper end of which is a mushroom-shaped structure and is an electromagnetic force-bearing component, while the lower end is a flat smooth structure and is the outlet sealing surface of the fast-opening and slow-closing inflation valve; the inflation valve usage method includes: (1) first, filling a certain amount of gas into the back pressure chamber through the back pressure chamber inlet valve. A certain amount of high-pressure gas is introduced, and the valve core moves into the working chamber under the pressure of the high-pressure gas and fits with the sealing ring at the bottom of the working chamber to achieve a seal. At the same time, the barrier sealing rings at the top and bottom of the high-voltage coil box also seal with the mushroom-shaped structure and the cavity on the upper part of the valve core, thereby achieving isolation between the two cavities and effectively preventing gas leakage between the two cavities; (2) Then, a certain amount of high-pressure gas is injected into the working chamber through the working chamber inlet valve. The specific internal pressure can be measured in real time by a pressure sensor. Since there is a sealing ring between the two cavities, the working gas pressure will not leak into the back pressure cavity; (3) Then, through the... The back pressure chamber vent valve releases the high pressure gas inside the back pressure chamber. At this time, due to the pressure difference, the valve core is still in a sealed state and the gas will not leak. (4) Finally, the high pressure electrode is connected to the high pressure pulse power supply. A high pressure pulse current will be generated in the flat coil inside the high pressure coil box. Therefore, the valve core will be subjected to a strong pulse electromagnetic force and move towards the back pressure chamber. Since there is no pressure in the back pressure chamber and due to the friction of the valve stem sealing ring, the valve core will not automatically reset. Therefore, all the working gas inside the working chamber will be ejected from the outlet flange, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid and quantitative gas delivery.

2. A quick-opening, slow-closing inflation valve for plasma breakage protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve stem sealing ring in the middle of the valve core has a double O-ring sealing structure, which not only ensures the straightness of the valve core's movement, but also isolates the two chambers and prevents the gas in the two chambers from mixing.

3. A quick-opening, slow-closing inflation valve for plasma breakage protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage coil box is made of G10 material and consists of two parts, upper and lower, located at the bottom of the mushroom-shaped structure of the valve core. The flat coil inside is made of high-voltage enameled wire and is a single-layer flat coil. The barrier sealing rings on the upper and lower sides of the coil box are O-ring sealing structures, which isolate the working chamber and the back pressure chamber. When a pulse current is applied to the flat coil inside the high-voltage coil box, the valve core will be subjected to a strong electromagnetic repulsion force and move towards the back pressure chamber, thereby opening it.

4. A quick-opening, slow-closing gas filling valve for plasma breakage protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve body consists of a working chamber and a back pressure chamber. The working air pressure inside the working chamber is controlled by the air inlet valve of the working chamber to achieve precise control of the amount of gas in the working chamber. The back pressure chamber is filled with a certain amount of high-pressure gas through the air inlet valve of the back pressure chamber. This high-pressure gas will generate a downward thrust on the valve core, thereby achieving the closure of the valve core.

Images