A multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device and method, system includes: off-axis parabolic mirror, first light splitting piece, second light splitting piece, optical fiber module, target module, concave mirror, continuous attenuation piece, third light splitting piece, position detection module, photoelectric detector module.The device of the application has multiple working modes, including target simulation mode, optical fiber scanning mode, photoelectric detection mode and position detection mode, which can easily realize the laser performance parameters of the instrument system to be measured, the parallelism between the optical axes of the multi-channel optical system, and the measurement of the laser receiving optical axis of the instrument system to be measured, and the spot image can be obtained on the high-speed camera in real time, indicating the current optical axis position information.The device of the application has high integration, simple measurement method, high measurement accuracy, and can meet the multifunctional, efficient comprehensive testing of existing wide-band multi-optical channel system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical measurement instrument technology, and in particular relates to a multi-mode position detection and target simulation multiplexing test apparatus and test method. Background Technology

[0002] Today, new combat equipment platforms such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are playing an increasingly important role in warfare. They are fundamentally changing the way combat is conducted and profoundly influencing the model of modern warfare. Modern warfare has become a high-tech war of "non-contact" and "networked" operations. In unmanned weapon platforms, observation and aiming systems are often used to accurately locate and designate targets. Visible light or infrared imagers are used to track moving targets, while laser designators continuously measure the target's range at fixed pulse intervals to obtain parameters such as the target's speed, acceleration, and direction of motion. This guides the strike weapons on the unmanned weapon platform to accurately strike the target and complete the combat mission.

[0003] In complex real-world applications, single-sensor observation and aiming systems have limitations in information acquisition. To improve their information acquisition capabilities, modern advanced optoelectronic observation and aiming systems typically employ multiple sensing optical paths, such as laser and infrared sensors, to meet the needs of day and night, all-weather, and low-visibility weather conditions, and possess functions such as coordinate inversion and laser ranging. These systems often involve multiple spectral bands, and the spatial distribution of optical axes differs between different optical channels. The parallelism of each optical axis directly affects the accuracy of the observation and aiming system in acquiring target information. Therefore, accurately measuring the parallelism error of the optical axes of different optical paths helps improve the detection accuracy of the observation and aiming platform.

[0004] Traditional single-band optical axis consistency testing primarily utilizes collimators to observe the target plate for assembly and testing, requiring the entire optical axis to be within the collimator's aperture, which is significantly affected by equipment and site conditions. Furthermore, due to the complexity of modern advanced observation and aiming systems, observation and ranging often involve multiple spectral bands, with different spatial distributions of optical axes in different optical channels. Traditional single-band testing methods are no longer sufficient for multi-optical-channel, multi-axis situations. In addition, accurate testing of the laser pulse energy, peak power, pulse width, and pulse frequency of the observation and aiming system is also required. This is of great significance to end users and manufacturers, serving as an essential guarantee for the research, production, and maintenance of such equipment. Therefore, researching simple, high-precision testing devices and methods suitable for performance testing of multi-optical-channel observation and aiming systems has become a crucial research direction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the performance testing challenges of existing complex multi-optical-channel observation and aiming systems and to meet the multifunctional and integrated requirements of observation, aiming, ranging, and target simulation, this invention provides a multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device and method. This device can measure ranging laser pulse parameters and perform parallelism tests on optical axes such as visible light imaging optical axis, infrared imaging optical axis, laser ranging emission optical axis, and receiving optical axis, thus achieving multifunctional and efficient testing.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0007] The multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device described in this invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it consists of an off-axis parabolic mirror, a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, an optical fiber module, a target module, a concave mirror, a continuous attenuator, a third beam splitter, a position detection module, and a photodetector module;

[0008] Off-axis parabolic mirrors form an off-axis reflecting collimator, converging parallel light to the focal point;

[0009] The target module includes a rotating target wheel, a target, a light source, a target base plate, a motor, and a motor drive wheel, which images the target placed on the focal plane at infinity through an off-axis reflective collimator.

[0010] The fiber optic module consists of a fine-tuning device, an array of fiber optic bundles, a linear fiber optic bundle, a scanning light source, a smooth slider, and a guide rail, enabling point-by-point light scanning on the focal plane. The scanning light source can be connected to the laser emitted by the device under test via a coupling fiber, or it can be connected to other laser light sources via a fiber.

[0011] The position detection module consists of a high-speed camera and a photoelectric shutter. The high-speed camera is placed at the focal plane of the off-axis parabolic mirror to receive light from the target simulation module, the photoelectric detection module, the fiber optic scanning module and the off-axis parabolic mirror, indicating the current position of the optical axis.

[0012] The photodetector module includes pinhole and semiconductor photodetectors to detect the incident laser pulse energy, pulse frequency, and pulse width.

[0013] The multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device of the present invention has four working modes: photoelectric detection mode, position detection mode, target simulation mode, and fiber optic scanning mode;

[0014] In the position detection module, parallel incident light is converged by an off-axis parabolic mirror, then passes through the first beam splitter, the third beam splitter, a continuous attenuator, and the electronic shutter to reach the high-speed camera, where it presents a light spot. The position of the light spot on the high-speed camera can characterize the optical axis position information of the incident parallel light.

[0015] In the photoelectric detection module, the incident light is focused by an off-axis parabolic mirror, then passes through a first beam splitter, a third beam splitter, and a pinhole to reach a semiconductor photodetector. The semiconductor photodetector is connected to an external oscilloscope, which can then obtain information on the pulse energy, pulse width, and pulse frequency of the incident laser pulse. Simultaneously, the lens light from the third beam splitter passes through a continuous attenuator and an electronic shutter to reach a high-speed camera, obtaining the position information of the incident laser optical axis.

[0016] In target simulation mode, a wide-band beam emitted by the light source uniformly illuminates the target on the target wheel, with the target located on the focal plane of the off-axis parabolic mirror. The light passing through the target passes through the second beam splitter and the first beam splitter to reach the off-axis parabolic mirror, and then exits in parallel, imaging the target at infinity. Simultaneously, the light passing through the target passes through the second beam splitter and the first beam splitter to reach the concave mirror, is reflected, and then passes through the first beam splitter, the third beam splitter, a continuous attenuator, and the electronic shutter, forming a light spot image on the high-speed camera. This light spot represents the position information of the target's simulated emission optical axis.

[0017] In fiber scanning mode, the end face of the arrayed fiber bundle is located on the focal plane of the off-axis parabolic mirror. The light emitted from the fiber line reaches the off-axis parabolic mirror through the second and third beam splitters, and then exits in parallel. At the same time, the light emitted from the fiber passes through the second beam splitter, the first beam splitter, the concave mirror, the first beam splitter, the third beam splitter, the continuous attenuator, and the electronic shutter, forming a light spot on the high-speed camera. This light spot represents the position information of the optical axis of the fiber.

[0018] The multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device of this invention provides the following testing method for testing the laser pulse performance parameters of the device under test:

[0019] (1) Turn on the photoelectric detection mode and the position detection mode of the device of the present invention, that is, the photoelectric detection module and the position detection module participate in the operation;

[0020] (2) Adjust the position of the device under test so that the laser pulse emitted by it is incident parallel to the optical axis of the device of the present invention;

[0021] (3) Open the electronic shutter of the position detection module and adjust the continuous attenuator to make the light intensity entering the high-speed camera within a suitable range so as to obtain a clear point image.

[0022] (4) Fine-tune the position of the device under test so that the position of the spot on the high-speed camera is in the preset position. At this time, the incident laser pulse passes through the pinhole of the photoelectric detection module and reaches the semiconductor photoelectric detector.

[0023] (5) Connect the semiconductor photodetector and the external oscilloscope to obtain the pulse energy, pulse width and pulse frequency information of the incident laser pulse from the oscilloscope.

[0024] The multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device of the present invention includes the following method for calibrating the optical axis of the device under test:

[0025] (1) Open the target simulation mode of the device of the present invention, that is, the target module participates in the operation;

[0026] (2) Turn on the wideband light source of the target module, adjust the target wheel to select the target, so that the light passing through the target is reflected by the off-axis parabolic mirror and imaged at infinity.

[0027] (3) Adjust the relevant components of the device under test so that the reticle in the device under test is aligned with the infinity target image formed by the present invention, and complete the optical axis calibration;

[0028] The multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device of this invention can measure the parallelism of different optical axes of the device under test. Here, taking the measurement of the parallelism of the laser emission and visible light imaging optical axes of the device under test as an example, the test method is as follows:

[0029] (1) Open the target simulation mode and position detection module of the present invention, that is, the target module and the position detection module participate in the operation;

[0030] (2) Turn on the target module light source, adjust the target wheel to select the target, so that the target image is imaged at infinity through the off-axis parabolic mirror, and at the same time the target image is formed as a light spot image on the high-speed camera through the concave mirror.

[0031] (3) Open the visible light imaging optical axis of the device under test, adjust the device under test so that the crosshair of the visible light channel coincides with the target image, and record the position of the target image on the high-speed camera at the same time.

[0032] (4) Open the laser emission channel of the device under test, so that the emitted laser passes through the off-axis parabolic mirror, the first beam splitter, and the third beam splitter, and forms a laser spot on the high-speed camera, and record the position of the laser spot;

[0033] (5) Calculate the distance L between the target spot position and the laser spot position using the formula Δα=2arctan2 L f The angle between the laser emission optical axis and the visible light imaging optical axis can be obtained.

[0034] The multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device of the present invention provides the following testing method when measuring the laser receiving optical axis of the device under test:

[0035] (1) Turn on the fiber optic scanning mode and position detection module of the present invention, that is, the fiber optic scanning module and the position detection module participate in the operation; adjust the receiving optical axis of the device under test so that it is basically parallel to the optical axis of the device of the present invention.

[0036] (2) Turn on the fiber optic module scanning light source and let it illuminate the leftmost end of the online fiber bundle. At this time, the fiber in the upper left corner of the end face of the arrayed fiber bundle becomes bright and emits a spherical wave. The spherical wave is emitted in parallel through the off-axis parabolic mirror on one hand, and forms a light spot image on the high-speed camera through the concave mirror on the other hand. Record the position of the light spot on the high-speed camera and the light intensity information received by the device under test.

[0037] (3) Move the scanning light source along the guide rail to illuminate each fiber filament in the line-arranged fiber bundle in turn, and record the position of the light spot on the high-speed camera and the light intensity information received by the device under test.

[0038] (4) The position and light intensity information obtained by the fitting algorithm are processed to obtain the symmetry center position of the data, which is the laser receiving optical axis position of the device under test; combined with the aforementioned scheme for measuring the parallelism of different channels of the device under test, the parallelism between different optical axes and the laser receiving optical axis can be obtained.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0040] (1) The multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite test device of the present invention can meet the current comprehensive test of wide-band multi-channel optical systems, especially the integrated ranging function optoelectronic pod and observation and aiming system, which can conveniently measure the receiving optical axis of the device under test.

[0041] (2) This invention achieves integrated multi-functional measurement of photoelectric detection mode, fiber optic scanning mode, target simulation mode and position detection mode by making reasonable use of the measurement space through the spatial three-dimensional arrangement of the beam splitter; the device has high integration, simple measurement method and high measurement accuracy.

[0042] (3) The present invention can measure the laser pulse energy, pulse frequency and pulse width information of the device under test; can measure the parallelism of the transmitting and receiving optical axes of the device under test; can also measure the optical axis parallelism of a multi-channel optical system; at the same time, the device of the present invention covers the visible light and near-infrared bands and can be used for the calibration of each optical axis of a wide-band multi-channel optical system.

[0043] (4) The present invention adopts fiber optic scanning method and provides a method for obtaining accurate two-dimensional optical scanning through one-dimensional movement to realize laser receiving optical axis measurement of the device under test, thereby avoiding the problem of decreased measurement accuracy caused by unstable two-dimensional movement. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is an equivalent optical path diagram of a multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial distribution of a multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fiber optic scanning module and its motion according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the target module structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the position detection operation of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the photoelectric detection working mode of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection relationship between the array-arranged fiber bundles and the line-arranged fiber bundles of the present invention.

[0051] In the diagram: 1. Off-axis parabolic mirror; 2. First beam splitter; 3. Second beam splitter; 4. Fiber optic scanning module; 5. Target module; 6. Concave mirror; 7. Third beam splitter; 8. Continuous attenuator; 9. Position detection module; 10. Photodetector module; 41. Arrayed fiber bundle; 42. Fiber bundle; 43. Fiber filament; 44. Linear fiber bundle; 45. Light source slider; 46. Scanning light source; 47. Guide rail; 48. Fine-tuning mechanism; 51. Target base plate; 52. Target; 53. Target wheel; 54. Motor drive wheel; 55. Motor; 56. Broadband light source; 57. Light tube; 58. Through hole; 91. High-speed camera or four-quadrant detector; 92. Electronic shutter; 101. Pinhole; 102. Semiconductor photodetector; 103. External oscilloscope. Detailed implementation method:

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 1The equivalent optical path diagram of a multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite test device of the present invention is as follows: the off-axis parabolic mirror 1 reflects and converges the incident parallel light to the focal point; the first beam splitter 2 splits the incident light into two parts: transmission and reflection; the reflected light is split by the second beam splitter 3 and then reaches the fiber scanning module 4 and the target module 5 respectively; the transmitted light is split by the third beam splitter 7 and then reaches the position detection module 9 and the photoelectric detection module 10 respectively; the center of the concave mirror 6 coincides with the focal point of the off-axis parabolic mirror 1 and is located on the target surface in the target module 5, the end face of the arrayed fiber bundle 41 in the fiber scanning module 4, the pinhole 101 in the photoelectric detection module 10, and the CCD surface of the high-speed camera 91 in the position detection module 9.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a spatial distribution diagram of a multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device of the present invention. A motor 55 is mounted on a target base plate 51, and a motor drive wheel 54 is connected to the shaft of the motor 55. A target 52 is mounted on a target wheel 53, which is mounted on the target base plate 51 via bearings. A broadband light source 56 is opposite to the target 52 through a through hole 58. The target wheel 53 has eight target positions, allowing for the installation of eight different targets. The motor drive wheel 53 is connected to the target wheel 53 via gears and a synchronous belt. The splitting ratio of the first, second, and third beam splitters is 50R / 50T. The first beam splitter 2 is perpendicular to the xoy plane and forms a 45-degree angle with the optical axis. The second beam splitter 3 is parallel to the first beam splitter 2 and forms a 45-degree angle with the optical axis. The third beam splitter 7 rotates 45 degrees around the x-axis and forms a 45-degree angle with the xoy plane.

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fiber optic scanning module and its motion according to the present invention. One end of the fiber optic bundle 42 is an array-arranged fiber optic bundle 41, and the other end is a line-arranged fiber optic bundle 44. The array-arranged fiber optic bundle 41 is fixed on the fine-tuning mechanism 48. Each fiber filament in the array-arranged fiber optic bundle 41 corresponds one-to-one with the line-arranged fiber optic bundle 44. The light source slider 45 is mounted on the guide rail 47 and can move along the guide rail 47. The scanning light source 46 is fixed on the light source slider 45, and the light emitted by the scanning light source 46 is focused on the end face of the fiber filament in the line-arranged fiber optic bundle 44. The guide rail 47 is parallel to the end face of the line-arranged fiber optic bundle 44 to ensure that the scanning light source 46 always irradiates the end face of the fiber filament when it moves, and then conducts the light to the end face of the array-arranged fiber optic bundle 41. The scanning light source can be connected to different types of external lasers through optical fibers, or it can be coupled with the laser emitted by the device under test through optical fibers.

[0056] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the target module structure of the present invention. The light-transmitting hole 58 is located on the target base plate 51. The light emitted by the broadband light source 56 passes through the light-transmitting tube 57 and the through hole 58 to reach the target on the back side of the target base plate 51.

[0057] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the position detection operation of the present invention; by adjusting the continuous attenuator 8, the light intensity reaching the high-speed camera 91 is kept within a suitable range; the electronic shutter 92 remains closed when the position detection mode is not used, thereby protecting the high-speed camera 91.

[0058] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the photoelectric detection working mode of the present invention. The light focused on the pinhole 101 passes through the pinhole and shines on the semiconductor detector, and the generated electrical signal is displayed in the external oscilloscope 103; the semiconductor photodetector 102 is a device with a rise time of sub-nanosecond.

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the array-arranged fiber bundle and the line-arranged fiber bundle of the present invention. The array-arranged fiber bundle 41 is divided into four regions, and each region is arranged according to the array. The fiber with the corresponding number is selected from each region and arranged in the partition order to form the line-arranged fiber bundle 44. This ensures that the scanning light source will not affect the adjacent fiber during the movement process.

Claims

1. A multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite test device, comprising an off-axis parabolic mirror (1), a first beam splitter (2), a second beam splitter (3), an optical fiber scanning module (4), a target module (5), a concave mirror (6), a third beam splitter (7), a continuous attenuator (8), a position detection module (9), a photoelectric detection module (10), an array-arranged fiber bundle (41), an optical fiber bundle (42), an optical fiber filament (43), a line-arranged fiber bundle (44), a light source slider (45), a scanning light source (46), a guide rail (47), a fine-tuning mechanism (48), a target base plate (51), a target (52), a target wheel (53), a motor drive wheel (54), a motor (55), a broadband light source (56), a light tube (57), a through hole (58), a high-speed camera or a four-quadrant detector, an electronic shutter (92), a pinhole (101), and a semiconductor photoelectric detector (102); Its features are: The off-axis parabolic mirror (1) reflects and converges the incident parallel light to the focal point; the first beam splitter (2) splits the incident light into two parts: transmission and reflection. The reflected light is split by the second beam splitter (3) and then reaches the fiber scanning module (4) and the target module (5) respectively. The transmitted light is split by the third beam splitter (7) and then reaches the position detection module (9) and the photoelectric detection module (10) respectively. The center of the concave mirror (6) coincides with the focal point of the off-axis parabolic mirror (1). After being split by the first beam splitter (2), the second beam splitter (3) and the third beam splitter (7), the light is located on the target surface in the target module (5), the fiber end face of the fiber scanning module (4), the pinhole (101) of the photoelectric detection module (10), and the high-speed camera of the position detection module (9) respectively. The motor (55) is mounted on the target base plate (51), and the motor drive wheel (54) is connected to the shaft of the motor (55); the target (52) is mounted on the target wheel (53), and the target wheel (53) is mounted on the target base plate (51) through bearings; the broadband light source (56) is opposite to the target (52) through the through hole (58); there are 8 target positions on the target wheel (53), and 8 different targets (52) can be installed; the motor drive wheel (54) is connected to the target wheel (53) through gears and a synchronous belt; the first beam splitter (2) is perpendicular to the xoy plane and forms a 45-degree angle with the optical axis; the second beam splitter (3) is parallel to the first beam splitter (2) and forms a 45-degree angle with the optical axis; the third beam splitter (7) rotates 45 degrees around the x-axis and forms a 45-degree angle with the xoy plane; The center of the concave mirror (6) coincides with the focal point of the off-axis parabolic mirror (1), and is located on the target surface in the target module (5), the fiber end face of the fiber scanning module (4), the pinhole of the photoelectric detection module (10), and the CCD surface of the high-speed camera in the position detection module (9), respectively. The first beam splitter (2), the second beam splitter (3), and the third beam splitter (7) all have a splitting ratio of 50R / 50T; the first beam splitter (2) is perpendicular to the xoy plane and forms a 45-degree angle with the optical axis; the second beam splitter (3) is parallel to the first beam splitter and forms a 45-degree angle with the optical axis; the third beam splitter (7) is rotated 45 degrees around the x-axis and forms a 45-degree angle with the xoy plane. One end of the fiber bundle (42) is an array-arranged fiber bundle (41), and the other end is a line-arranged fiber bundle (44). The fiber connection relationship is as follows: the array-arranged fiber bundle (41) is divided into four regions, and each region is arranged according to the array. The fiber filaments with corresponding numbers are selected from each region and arranged in the partition order to form the line-arranged fiber bundle (44). This ensures that the scanning light source will not affect the adjacent fibers during the movement process.

2. The multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semiconductor photodetector employs a rise time on the order of sub-nanoseconds.

3. The multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The testing device has multiple operating modes: target simulation mode, fiber optic scanning mode, photoelectric detection mode, and position detection mode; In target simulation, fiber optic scanning, and photoelectric detection modes, a light spot image can be generated on the high-speed camera to indicate the current optical axis position in real time.

4. The multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scanning light source (46) can be connected to different types of external lasers via optical fiber, or it can be coupled with the laser emitted by the device under test via optical fiber.

5. The multi-mode position detection and target simulation composite testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The testing device can obtain the position of the laser receiving optical axis of the device under test through fiber optic scanning. The testing method is as follows: ① Turn on the fiber optic scanning mode and position detection module of the test device, that is, the fiber optic scanning module (4) and the position detection module (9) are engaged in operation; adjust the receiving optical axis of the device under test so that it is basically parallel to the optical axis of the test device; ② Turn on the scanning light source (46) in the fiber scanning module (4) and let it illuminate the leftmost end of the online fiber bundle. At this time, the fiber in the upper left corner of the end face of the arrayed fiber bundle becomes bright and emits a spherical wave. The spherical wave is emitted in parallel through the off-axis parabolic mirror (1) on the one hand, and forms a light spot image on the high-speed camera through the concave mirror (6) on the other hand. Record the position of the light spot on the high-speed camera and the light intensity information received by the device under test. ③ Move the scanning light source (46) along the guide rail to illuminate each fiber filament in the line-arranged fiber bundle (44) in turn, and record the position of the light spot on the high-speed camera and the light intensity information received by the device under test. ④ By processing the obtained position and light intensity information through the fitting algorithm, the position of the center of symmetry of the data is obtained. This position is the position of the laser receiving optical axis of the device under test. By combining the method of measuring the optical axis of different channels of the device under test, the parallelism between different optical axes and the laser receiving optical axis can be obtained.

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