An experimental device for automatic adjustment of rake head posture

Abstract

This invention discloses an experimental device for automatically adjusting the attitude of a rake head. The device comprises a water tank, an adjustment platform, a lifting platform, and a rake head structure. The water tank is a rectangular frame with an open top and observation windows on the sides. The adjustment platform is mounted at the bottom of the water tank, and the lifting platform is mounted on the water tank, with the bottom connected to the rake head structure. The rake head structure is placed close to the lifting platform for simulation experiments. The experimental device for automatically adjusting the attitude of a rake head can adjust the inclination of the simulation platform as required to simulate terrain changes. The device automatically adjusts the height of the rake head and the angle of the movable cover based on feedback from a pressure sensor to determine the appropriate suction gap height, thereby helping researchers analyze the impact of undulating terrain on the characteristics of an adjustable attitude rake head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses an experimental device for automatically adjusting the posture of a drag head, belonging to the technical field of dredging. Background Art

[0002] Trailing suction hopper dredgers (LSDs) are among the most widely used vessels in the dredging industry. They operate by digging and sucking up soil using an underwater drag head. The underwater terrain is highly uneven and undulating. Failure to adjust the drag head in time to this complex and changing terrain can significantly impact work efficiency. The California drag head, consisting of a fixed suction chamber and two independently movable hoods, is highly adaptable to the undulating mud surface. To investigate the suction performance of this type of drag head under undulating mud conditions and its adjustment strategy in response to surface changes, an experimental device is urgently needed that can both adjust the drag head's posture and simulate changes in the underwater terrain. However, such experimental devices are currently in short supply. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above shortcomings, the present invention designs an experimental device that can adjust the terrain as required and can autonomously sense and automatically adjust the posture of the rake head. Using this device, the performance of the posture-adjustable rake head under conditions of undulating terrain can be explored.

[0004] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0005] An experimental device for automatic adjustment of a rake head posture, comprising a water tank, an adjustment platform, a lifting platform and a rake head structure;

[0006] The main body of the water tank is in the shape of a rectangular frame with an open top and an observation window on the side; the adjustment platform is arranged at the bottom of the water tank, the lifting platform is mounted on the water tank, the bottom is connected to the rake head structure, and the rake head structure is close to the lifting platform for simulation experiments.

[0007] Preferably, the above-mentioned adjustment platform includes a simulation platform, a universal damping ball hinge, an electric push rod and a fixed base plate; there are three electric push rods, which are arranged in a triangular relationship, with the bottom connected to the fixed base plate and the top connected to the simulation platform through a universal damping ball hinge; the inclination angle and height of the simulation platform are adjusted by the extension and retraction of the three electric push rods to simulate the ups and downs of the terrain, and the angle changes are fed back through the inclination sensor; the universal damping ball hinge consists of two parts: a ball head damping and a pan-tilt joint, the screw at one end of the ball head damping is connected to the electric push rod, and one end of the pan-tilt joint is connected to the simulation platform through a thread; the simulation platform is composed of a flat plate, which can be replaced with other structural forms according to experimental needs to realize two-phase flow suction experiments in muddy and sandy environments.

[0008] Preferably, the above-mentioned lifting platform includes an operating platform, a lifting motor, a coupling, a guide slide and a lifting slider; the operating platform is placed on the frame at the open end of the water tank, and both sides are tightened and fixed with bolts to prevent the platform from moving and flipping; the guide slider includes a transmission screw and a guide rail; the lifting motor is fixedly installed on the upper part of the operating platform through a steel structure, and is connected to the screw in the guide slide by a coupling to realize transmission; the lifting slider cooperates with the transmission screw of the guide slide through an internal thread, and cooperates with the guide rail of the guide slide through a guide groove, and the lifting and lowering of the lifting slider is realized under the drive of the transmission screw.

[0009] Preferably, the above-mentioned rake head structure includes a model rake head, a reducing flange, a connecting block and a pressure sensor; the model rake head includes a rake head body, a movable cover, a hydraulic telescopic rod and a pressure measuring short tube; there are two movable covers, each of which is equipped with a hydraulic telescopic rod and two pressure measuring short tubes; one end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is hinged to the rake head body, and the other end is hinged to the movable cover. By controlling the extension and contraction amount of the hydraulic telescopic rod, the opening of the movable cover is adjusted, thereby changing the suction gap height of the rake head suction port relative to the simulation platform; the pressure measuring short tube is arranged at the front and rear of the movable cover and welded with glue for connecting the pressure sensor; the inlet diameter of the lower side of the reducing flange is the same as the outlet diameter of the rake head model, and the upper outlet is the same as the diameter of the suction pipe. By changing the inlet diameter of the lower side of the reducing flange, it can adapt to model rake heads of different sizes; the upper end of the connecting block is fixed to the lifting slider by bolts, and the lower end is connected to the reducing flange, and moves up and down under the drive of the lifting slider.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting block is formed by welding an L-shaped metal block and an elbow flange, the outlet diameter of the elbow flange matches the outlet diameter of the reducing flange, and the lower part of the L-shaped metal block is welded to the elbow flange.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] This invention provides an experimental device for automatically adjusting the attitude of a drag head. The device can adjust the inclination of a simulated platform as required to simulate terrain changes. Using feedback from a pressure sensor, the device automatically adjusts the drag head height and the angle of the movable cover to find the appropriate suction gap height. This helps researchers analyze the impact of undulating terrain on the characteristics of an attitude-adjustable drag head. This platform can be used to develop drag heads with autonomous adjustment capabilities, achieving unmanned and automated operation, and providing a foundation for improving the intelligence of drag suction operations.

[0013] Furthermore, by fixing the sand storage structure on the simulation platform, the characteristics of the drag head's sediment suction can be studied. Furthermore, the device allows for the study of factors affecting the drag head's suction performance by varying parameters such as the drag head's suction power, suction slot height, and bottom material conditions. This provides an experimental basis for numerical simulation analysis and quantitatively analyzes the impact of key parameters on the drag head's suction characteristics, hoping to provide a reference for dredging projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment platform of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the lifting platform structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a rake head of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 Make the simulation platform control principle diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the drag head posture adjustment principle. Implementation Method

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, an experimental device for automatic adjustment of the drag head posture includes a water tank 1, an adjustment platform 2, a lifting platform 3 and a drag head structure 4;

[0022] The main body of the water tank 1 is a rectangular frame with an open upper end and an observation window on the side; the adjustment platform 2 is set at the bottom of the water tank 1, and the lifting platform 3 is erected on the water tank 1, with the bottom connected to the rake head structure 4, and the rake head structure 4 is close to the lifting platform 3 for simulation experiments.

[0023] Preferably, if Figure 2 As shown, the above-mentioned adjustment platform 2 includes a simulation platform 2-1, a universal damping ball hinge 2-2, an electric push rod 2-3 and a fixed base plate 2-4; there are three electric push rods 2-3, which are arranged in a triangular relationship, with the bottom connected to the fixed base plate 2-4 and the top connected to the simulation platform 2-1 through the universal damping ball hinge 2-2; the inclination angle and height of the simulation platform 2-1 are adjusted by the extension and retraction of the three electric push rods 2-3 to simulate the undulations of the terrain, and the angle changes are fed back through the inclination sensor 2-1-1; the universal damping ball hinge 2-2 consists of two parts, a ball head damping 2-2-1 and a pan-tilt joint 2-2-2, a screw at one end of the ball head damping 2-2-1 is connected to the electric push rod 2-3, and one end of the pan-tilt joint 2-2-2 is connected to the simulation platform 2-1 through a thread; the simulation platform 2-1 is composed of a flat plate, which can be replaced with other structural forms according to experimental needs to realize two-phase flow suction experiments in muddy and sandy environments.

[0024] Preferably, if Figure 3As shown, the above-mentioned lifting platform 3 includes an operating platform 3-1, a lifting motor 3-2, a coupling 3-3, a guide slide 3-4 and a lifting slider 3-5; the operating platform 3-1 is placed on the frame at the open end of the water tank 1, and both sides are tightened and fixed with bolts to prevent the platform from moving and turning over; the guide slider 3-4 includes a transmission screw 3-4-1 and a guide rail 3-4-2; the lifting motor 3-2 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the operating platform 3-1 through a steel structure, and is connected to the screw in the guide slide 3-4 by a coupling 3-3 to realize transmission; the lifting slider 3-5 cooperates with the transmission screw 3-4-1 of the guide slide 3-4 through an internal thread, and cooperates with the guide rail 3-4-2 of the guide slide 3-4 through a guide groove, and the lifting and lowering of the lifting slider 3-5 is realized under the drive of the transmission screw 3-4-1.

[0025] Preferably, if Figure 4 As shown, the drag head structure 4 includes a model drag head 4-1, a reducing flange 4-2, a connecting block 4-3 and a pressure sensor 4-4; the model drag head 4-1 includes a drag head body 4-1-1, a movable cover 4-1-2, a hydraulic telescopic rod 4-1-3 and a pressure short tube 4-1-4; there are two movable covers 4-1-2, each of which is equipped with a hydraulic telescopic rod 4-1-3 and two pressure short tubes 4-1-4; one end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 4-1-3 is hinged to the drag head body 4-1-1, and the other end is hinged to the movable cover 4-1-2. By controlling the extension and contraction of the hydraulic telescopic rod 4-1-3, the movable cover 4-1-2 is adjusted. The opening of the cover 4-1-2 can change the suction gap height of the suction port of the rake head relative to the simulation platform 2-1; the pressure measuring short tube 4-1-4 is set at the front and rear of the movable cover 4-1-2, and is welded with glue to connect the pressure measuring sensor 4-4; the lower inlet diameter of the reducing flange 4-2 is the same as the outlet diameter of the rake head model, and the upper outlet is the same as the diameter of the suction pipe. By changing the lower inlet diameter of the reducing flange 4-2, it can adapt to model rake heads of different sizes; the upper end of the connecting block 4-3 is fixed to the lifting slider 3-5 by bolts, and the lower end is connected to the reducing flange 4-2, and moves up and down under the drive of the lifting slider 3-5.

[0026] Preferably, the connecting block 4-3 is formed by welding an L-shaped metal block and an elbow flange, the elbow flange matches the outlet diameter of the reducing flange 4-2, and the lower part of the L-shaped metal block is welded to the elbow flange.

[0027] Control principle of experimental device

[0028] The experimental device of the present invention can be controlled and data transmitted through a PLC system, and the PLC system is connected to a terminal monitoring screen, which can be a touch screen or a computer. The specific experimental process is as follows: Figure 5As shown, the terrain angle to be simulated is input through the terminal detection screen, which is converted into the height of each of the three electric push rods through model calculation. The height value is then transmitted to each electric push rod through the PLC to control the electric push rods. The inclination angle of the simulation platform is measured by the inclination sensor and then fed back to the PLC system. By comparing it with the set value, it is determined whether the requirement is met. If the difference is large, the adjustment is continued. At the same time, Figure 6 As shown, the pressure sensor measures the pressure at the front and rear of each movable cover and feeds it back to the monitoring system. The monitoring system determines the suction angle and front and rear inclination angle of the left and right movable covers relative to the simulation platform based on the pressure value, and accordingly issues adjustment instructions to the hydraulic telescopic rods on the lifting platform and the model rake head, thereby adjusting the height of the model rake head and the inclination angle of the left and right movable covers. The adjustment result is obtained in real time through the pressure feedback value until the target position is adjusted.

[0029] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for automatic adjustment of the rake head posture, characterized in that It includes a water tank (1), an adjustment platform (2), a lifting platform (3) and a rake head structure (4); The main body of the water tank (1) is in the shape of a rectangular frame, with an open top and an observation window on the side. The adjustment platform (2) is arranged at the bottom of the water tank (1), and the lifting platform (3) is erected on the water tank (1). The bottom is connected to the rake head structure (4), and the rake head structure (4) is close to the lifting platform (3) for the simulation experiment. The adjustment platform (2) comprises a simulation platform (2-1), a universal damping ball hinge (2-2), an electric push rod (2-3) and a fixed base plate (2-4); the electric push rods (2-3) are three and arranged in a triangular relationship, with the bottom connected to the fixed base plate (2-4) and the top connected to the simulation platform (2-1) via the universal damping ball hinge (2-2); the inclination angle and height of the simulation platform (2-1) are adjusted by extending and retracting the three electric push rods (2-3) to simulate the undulating changes of the terrain, and Angle changes are fed back through the inclination sensor (2-1-1); the universal damping ball hinge (2-2) is composed of two parts: a ball head damping (2-2-1) and a pan-tilt joint (2-2-2); a screw at one end of the ball head damping (2-2-1) is connected to an electric push rod (2-3), and one end of the pan-tilt joint (2-2-2) is connected to a simulation platform (2-1) through a thread; the simulation platform (2-1) is composed of a flat plate and can be replaced with other structural forms according to experimental needs to realize a two-phase flow suction experiment in a sediment environment; The lifting platform (3) includes an operating platform (3-1), a lifting motor (3-2), a coupling (3-3), a guide slide (3-4) and a lifting slider (3-5); the operating platform (3-1) is placed on the frame at the open end of the water tank (1), and is fastened with bolts on both sides to prevent the platform from moving and turning over; the guide slide (3-4) includes a transmission screw (3-4-1) and a guide rail (3-4-2); the lifting motor (3-2) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the operating platform (3-1) through a steel structure, and is connected to the screw in the guide slide (3-4) through a coupling (3-3) to achieve transmission; the lifting slider (3-5) cooperates with the transmission screw (3-4-1) of the guide slide (3-4) through an internal thread, and cooperates with the guide rail (3-4-2) of the guide slide (3-4) through a guide groove, and the lifting slider (3-5) is driven by the transmission screw (3-4-1) to achieve the rise and fall of the lifting slider (3-5); The drag head structure (4) comprises a model drag head (4-1), a reducing flange (4-2), a connecting block (4-3) and a pressure sensor (4-4); the model drag head (4-1) comprises a drag head body (4-1-1), a movable cover (4-1-2), a hydraulic telescopic rod (4-1-3) and a pressure short tube (4-1-4); there are two movable covers (4-1-2), and each movable cover (4-1-2) is equipped with a hydraulic telescopic rod (4-1-3) and two pressure short tubes (4-1-4); one end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (4-1-3) is hinged to the drag head body (4-1-1), and the other end is hinged to the movable cover (4-1-2), and the extension and contraction of the hydraulic telescopic rod (4-1-3) is controlled. The movable cover (4-1-2) is adjusted to adjust the opening of the movable cover (4-1-2), thereby changing the suction gap height of the suction port edge of the rake head relative to the simulation platform (2-1); the pressure measuring short tube (4-1-4) is arranged at the front and rear of the movable cover (4-1-2), bonded by glue, and used to connect the pressure measuring sensor (4-4); the lower inlet diameter of the reducing flange (4-2) is the same as the outlet diameter of the model rake head, and the upper outlet is the same as the diameter of the suction pipe. By changing the lower inlet diameter of the reducing flange (4-2), it can adapt to model rake heads of different sizes; the upper end of the connecting block (4-3) is fixed to the lifting slider (3-5) by bolts, and the lower end is connected to the reducing flange (4-2), and is moved up and down under the drive of the lifting slider (3-5).

2. The experimental device for automatic adjustment of the rake head posture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting block (4-3) is formed by welding an L-shaped metal block and a pipe elbow flange. The pipe elbow flange matches the outlet diameter of the reducing flange (4-2). The lower portion of the L-shaped metal block is welded to the pipe elbow flange.

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