Online automatic testing machine for the strength of hollow shafts of transmission shafts

Abstract

The online automatic testing machine for the strength of the hollow shaft of the transmission shaft includes a frame, a transportation mechanism, a testing mechanism, a feeding mechanism, an online automatic control system, and a horizontal double guide rail. The testing mechanism includes a testing power input end, a testing power output end, a testing support mechanism, and an NG material channel. The testing power input end and the testing power output end are respectively provided with ports for connecting with the workpiece. The testing support mechanism is fixedly connected to the horizontal double guide rail when working. The feeding mechanism is placed on the right side of the workbench. The main body of the transportation mechanism includes a crossbeam, a longitudinal beam, a sliding frame and a transportation power mechanism. The crossbeam is placed above the feeding mechanism and the testing mechanism. The sliding frame is slidably connected to the single guide rail A and the single guide rail B on the crossbeam, and is also slidably connected to the vertical double guide rail on the longitudinal beam. The online automatic control system includes a controller and testing components and actuators arranged on relevant parts of the testing machine. The online automatic testing of the strength of the hollow shaft of the transmission shaft of a car by the present invention can ensure quality, save manpower and increase efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to strength detection equipment, in particular to an online automatic detection machine for the strength of a hollow shaft of a car transmission shaft. Background Art

[0002] The constant velocity universal joint drive shaft of a car consists of a fixed end section, an intermediate shaft, and a movable end section. The fixed end section consists of an outer ring, an inner ring (equipped with internal splines and retaining ring grooves on the splines), a cage, steel balls, a rubber cover, grease, and a clamp; the movable end section consists of an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve (equipped with internal splines and retaining ring grooves on the splines), a cage, steel balls, a sleeve, a rubber cover, grease, and a clamp; the intermediate shaft, which usually includes a solid left shaft and a hollow right shaft, is an important safety component in the drive shaft. External splines are provided at both ends of the intermediate shaft, and the splines are provided with retaining ring grooves. The splines at both ends of the intermediate shaft are connected to the internal splines of the inner ring in the fixed end section and the internal splines of the inner sleeve in the movable end section via elastic retaining rings, and then connected to the fixed and movable end sections. The strength of the intermediate shaft is crucial to the assembly performance of the drive shaft, especially the hollow shaft with a special structure. It is made of solid shaft heads at both ends and a hollow tube in the middle through friction welding, and the shaft heads at both ends are subjected to medium-frequency quenching and tempering. If there are problems with the welding quality, the strength or rigidity of the hollow tube itself is problematic or cracked, or there are quality problems with the shaft head quenching, it will lead to low strength of the drive shaft assembly, insufficient torsional rigidity or breakage. In severe cases, the vehicle or people may be damaged, leading to customer complaints and recalls, causing huge losses to the company. Traditionally, the strength testing method for hollow drive shafts involved random laboratory testing, testing a specific percentage of the same batch. Testing each hollow shaft took 20 minutes, requiring one person on both the day and night shifts. This was not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also, crucially, it failed to fully verify the strength of the hollow shafts. Any unsatisfactory hollow shafts identified during random testing necessitated disassembly of the assembled drive shafts and 100% laboratory testing of these components. This not only reduced assembly efficiency but also resulted in the loss of accessories such as clamps, retaining rings, steel balls, grease, sheaths, and rubber covers from the fixed and movable sections. This resulted in significant waste of materials and increased production costs. If unsatisfactory drive shafts were shipped to OEMs for installation, customer complaints would likely ensue. Even more serious, this could result in vehicle damage, fatalities, and recalls, resulting in significant losses for the company. Therefore, upgrading testing methods beyond the existing laboratory random testing method became a critical need for companies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an online automatic detection machine for the strength of a hollow shaft of a transmission shaft, which can automatically detect the strength of the hollow shaft of the transmission shaft online, ensure quality, save manpower and increase efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: an online automatic testing machine for the strength of a hollow shaft of a transmission shaft, the technical structure includes a frame, a conveying mechanism, a testing mechanism, a feeding mechanism, and an online automatic control system. A work table is fixedly installed on the frame, and a horizontal double guide rail is fixedly installed on the work table. The testing mechanism includes a testing power input end, a testing power output end, a testing support mechanism, and an NG material channel. The NG material channel is fixedly connected to the work table at the rear side of the work table, the testing power input end is fixedly connected to the work table, and the testing power output end is fixedly connected to the horizontal double guide rail when working. The testing power input end and the testing power output end are respectively provided with ports for connecting to the workpiece, and the two ports are opposite to each other. The testing support mechanism is fixedly connected to the horizontal double guide rail on the work table when working, the feeding mechanism is placed on the right side of the work table, and the conveying mechanism body It includes a crossbeam, a longitudinal beam, a sliding frame and a transport power mechanism. The crossbeam is fixedly connected to the frame and is placed above the feeding mechanism and the detection mechanism. The crossbeam is provided with a single guide rail A and a single guide rail B, and the longitudinal beam is provided with a vertical double guide rail. The sliding frame is slidably connected to the single guide rail A and the single guide rail B on the crossbeam, and is also slidably connected to the vertical double guide rail on the longitudinal beam. The online automatic control system includes a controller and detection components and actuators provided on various relevant parts of the detection machine. The signal input end of the controller is electrically connected to the signal output end of each detection component through a signal line, and the signal output end of the controller is electrically connected to the signal input end of each actuator through a signal line. The controller is installed in an electrical cabinet, and the electrical cabinet is equipped with an audible and visual alarm and a touch screen connected to the controller. The touch screen is provided with a start button and an emergency stop switch.

[0005] The detection power input end in the detection mechanism includes a servo motor C, a cycloidal pinwheel reducer, and a clamp body A. The rotating end of the servo motor C is fixedly connected to the clamp body A through the cycloidal pinwheel reducer. The detection power output end includes a clamp body B and a torque sensor. The clamp body B is fixedly connected to the torque sensor. The ports connected to the workpiece are: clamp body A and clamp body B. The clamp body A is provided with an internal spline A that is movably connected to one end of the hollow shaft. The clamp body B is provided with an internal spline B that is movably connected to the other end of the hollow shaft. The two ports of clamp body A and clamp body B are opposite to each other; the detection support mechanism includes cylinder B, cylinder C, cylinder D, cylinder E, inclined unloading rack A, inclined unloading rack B, double V-shaped bracket A, double V-shaped bracket B, U-shaped bracket A, U-shaped bracket B, bracket A, bracket B, bracket C, bracket D, screw, bearing seat A, bearing seat B, worm gear reducer, wherein brackets A, B, C, and D are connected to the horizontal double guide rail slider through a guide rail slider. The rail is fixedly connected when working. The fixed end of cylinder B is fixedly connected to bracket A, and the telescopic end is fixedly connected to bracket B. The fixed end of cylinder C is fixedly connected to bracket C, and the telescopic end is fixedly connected to the inclined unloading rack A. Bracket C is fixedly equipped with a double V-shaped bracket A and a U-shaped bracket A; the fixed end of cylinder D is fixedly connected to bracket D, and the telescopic end is fixedly connected to the inclined unloading rack B. Bracket D is fixedly equipped with a double V-shaped bracket B, and the bottom of the groove of the double V-shaped bracket B is fixedly equipped with a sensor C. The fixed end of cylinder E is fixedly connected to bracket D, and the telescopic end is fixedly connected to the inclined unloading rack A. The end is fixedly connected to the U-shaped bracket B, and the detection power output end is fixedly connected to the bracket B through the torque sensor. A nut is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bracket B. One end of the screw installed in the nut is rotatably connected to the bearing seat A, and the other end is rotatably connected to the bearing seat B and fixedly connected to the output end of the worm gear reducer. The bearing seat A, bearing seat B, and worm gear reducer are fixedly mounted on the workbench. When the screw rotates, the nut carries the bracket B to move on the screw. Its function is to adjust the position of the bracket B to adapt to workpieces of different lengths.

[0006] The feeding mechanism includes a feeding frame, a feeding support plate, a baffle, a cylinder A, a sloped top plate, a sensor A, a sensor B, and a groove-shaped positioning block, wherein the feeding support plate is fixedly connected to the feeding frame, the baffle is fixedly connected to the feeding support plate, the fixed end of the cylinder A is fixedly connected to the feeding frame, the telescopic end of the cylinder A is fixedly connected to the sloped top plate, a slot is opened on the feeding support plate, the sloped top plate is opposite to the slot in the feeding frame, and can move up and down through the slot when active, two groove-shaped positioning blocks are fixedly mounted on the frame, the sensor B is fixedly mounted in the groove of the groove-shaped positioning block, the sensor A is fixedly mounted on the frame, and its position is opposite to the slot, the feeding support plate and the groove-shaped positioning block are both at a certain angle to the horizontal plane, so that the intermediate shaft can roll downward under the action of its own gravity.

[0007] The crossbeam in the transport mechanism is fixed with a rack A under it, a single guide rail A is fixed in front of it, a single guide rail B is fixed on the top of it, a hard limit screw A and a limit switch A are fixed at the left end of the crossbeam, and a hard limit screw B and a limit switch B are fixed at the right end of the crossbeam; a vertical double guide rail is fixed at the back of the longitudinal beam, a rack B is fixed on the left side of the longitudinal beam, and a bracket E is fixed at the lower end of the longitudinal beam; the sliding frame is slidably connected to the single guide rail A and the single guide rail B through the guide rail slider, and is slidably connected to the vertical double guide rail of the longitudinal beam through the guide rail slider, and the transport power mechanism includes a servo motor A, a servo motor B, a rotary cylinder, a clamping cylinder A, a clamping cylinder Tightening cylinder B, bracket E, bracket F, wherein the fixed end of the servo motor A is fixedly connected to the sliding frame, the rotating end of the servo motor A is fixedly connected to the gear A through a planetary reducer, the gear A is meshed with the rack A, the fixed end of the servo motor B is fixedly connected to the sliding frame, the rotating end of the servo motor B is fixedly connected to the gear B through a planetary reducer, and the gear B is meshed with the rack B; the bracket E is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the rotating cylinder, the rotating end of the rotating cylinder is fixedly connected to the bracket F through a coupling, the bottom of the bracket F is fixedly connected to the fixed ends of the clamping cylinder A and the clamping cylinder B, and the telescopic ends of the clamping cylinder A and the clamping cylinder B are respectively fixedly connected to the clamping jaws A and B.

[0008] The strength testing principle of the present invention is as follows: Before the strength test, the torque sensor is first manually calibrated: one end of a standard torque calibration instrument is connected to spline chuck A, and the other end is connected to spline chuck B. The servo motor C is then started. The actual torque value will be displayed on the torque calibration instrument, and the torque value of the torque sensor will be displayed on the touch screen. The actual torque value on the calibration instrument is compared with the torque value on the touch screen. If there is a discrepancy, the touch screen is adjusted to ensure that the displayed value on the touch screen is consistent with the actual value and saved. The next step is to set the starting torque value and torque limit value of the hollow shaft, as well as the torsion angle limit value. The starting torque value is the starting point for torsion angle measurement. Press the start button in automatic mode, and the handling mechanism places the hollow shaft on the double V-shaped brackets A and B. When the sensor C on the double V-shaped bracket B detects the presence of a workpiece, the cylinder B pushes the bracket B and the clamp body B on it forward, and the inner cone B of the spline chuck B in the clamp body B pushes the hollow shaft to the left and contacts the inner cone A of the spline chuck A in the clamp body A, and maintains contact under the action of the strong spring. The servo motor C starts and drives the spline chuck A in the clamp body A to rotate at the set speed through the cycloid pinwheel reducer. When the torque is less than the torque starting value, it means that the outer splines at both ends of the hollow shaft have not entered the inner spline A of the spline chuck A or the inner spline B of the spline chuck B, then the servo The motor continues to rotate until the external splines A and external splines B at both ends of the hollow shaft enter the internal splines A of the spline chuck A and the internal splines B of the spline chuck B. The torque value will gradually increase. When the torque value reaches the set torque starting value, the torsion angle begins to be measured. When the torsion angle does not reach the limit value, the torque reaches the limit value, indicating that the strength and torsional stiffness of the hollow shaft are qualified. The torque and torsion angle curves are displayed on the touch screen and saved. The conveying mechanism sends the qualified hollow shaft to the feed end of the next process; when the torsion angle reaches the limit value, the torque does not reach the limit value, indicating that the torsional stiffness of the hollow shaft is unqualified. The sound and light alarm prompts, and the NG inclined unloading racks A and B transport the unqualified hollow shaft to the NG material channel.

[0009] The advantages of the present invention are: by setting the torque starting value and limit value of the hollow shaft and the limit value of the torsion angle, qualified hollow shafts can be automatically separated from unqualified products after testing, ensuring that the strength and stiffness of the hollow shafts transferred to the next process are 100% qualified, and at the same time, the qualified rate of each batch of workpieces can be statistically calculated, which is convenient for statistical analysis and rectification; in the past, it was necessary to manually go to the laboratory to conduct strength sampling tests on hollow shafts, which was not only labor-intensive, inefficient, high in labor costs, and difficult to ensure quality, but also posed a risk of assembling unqualified products and also a risk of sending unqualified products to the main manufacturers and customers. The present invention replaces the manual labor force sampling method of going to the laboratory for strength testing, liberates labor, reduces the labor intensity of operators, ensures 100% qualified product quality, avoids the risk of being subject to claims and recalls, avoids the waste of disassembling unqualified workpieces after assembly, and improves production efficiency. The cycle time of single-piece automatic strength testing is 30 seconds, and the efficiency of single-piece testing is increased by 40 times (the original manual laboratory strength testing cycle is 20 minutes), saving 2 people and saving 200,000 yuan in labor costs annually. It liberates laboratory experimental equipment, increases customer satisfaction, and enhances the core competitiveness of the enterprise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the online automatic detection machine for the strength of the hollow shaft of the transmission shaft of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 It is a left-side structural diagram after removing the electrical cabinet.

[0012] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the right side structure after removing the electrical cabinet.

[0013] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Middle AA section view.

[0014] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the top view structure.

[0015] Figure 6 It is a left-side perspective structural diagram after removing the electrical cabinet.

[0016] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from the right side after removing the electrical cabinet.

[0017] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of the transport mechanism from the center left.

[0018] Figure 9 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of the transport mechanism from above.

[0019] Figure 10 yes Figure 6 Center left view of the transport mechanism.

[0020] Figure 11 yes Figure 7 A magnified three-dimensional view of the loading mechanism.

[0021] Figure 12 yes Figure 7 Center right perspective enlarged view of the transport mechanism.

[0022] Figure 13 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of part I of the central detection mechanism.

[0023] Figure 14 It is a connection relationship block diagram of the automatic control system.

[0024] ( Figure 1 (in) 1 transport mechanism, 2 detection mechanism, 3 loading mechanism, 4 electrical cabinet; ( Figure 2 (center) 5 longitudinal beam, 6 rack B, 7 gear B, 8 servo motor B, 9 rack A, 10 gear A, 14 servo motor A; ( Figure 5 11 sensor C; ( Figure 4 (in) 12 internal spline A, 13 internal cone A, 82 servo motor C, 15 cycloid pinwheel reducer, 16 spline chuck A, 17 clamp body A, 18 external spline A, 19 detection power input end, 20 detection power output end, 21 external spline B, 22 internal cone B, 23 spline chuck B, 24 sliding sleeve, 25 internal spline B, 26 clamp body B, 27 strong spring, 28 torque sensor; Figure 6 (middle) 29 vertical double guide rail, 30 NG material channel, 31 single guide rail B, 32 crossbeam, 33 limit switch B, 34 hard limit screw B, 35 single guide rail A, 36 hollow shaft, 37 limit switch A, 38 hard limit screw A, 39 sliding frame; ( Figure 7 (in Chinese) 40 worm gear reducer, 41 bearing seat B, 42 horizontal double guide rail, 43 cylinder B, 44 bracket A, 45 bracket B, 46 frame, 47 work table, 48 lead screw, 49 grooved positioning block, 50 sensor B, 51 baffle, 52 notch, 53 loading frame, 54 loading support plate, 55 inclined top plate, 56 cylinder A, 57 sensor A; ( Figure 12 (center) 58 clamping jaw B, 59 clamping cylinder B, 60 clamping jaw A, 61 clamping cylinder A, 62 bracket F, 63 coupling, 64 rotating cylinder, 65 bracket E; ( Figure 13 (middle) 66 bearing seat A, 67 U-shaped bracket A, 68 bracket C, 69 double V-shaped bracket A, 70 bracket D, 71 double V-shaped bracket B, 72 cylinder E, 73 U-shaped bracket B, 74 inclined unloading rack B, 75 cylinder D, 76 inclined unloading rack A, 77 cylinder C; ( Figure 1 (middle) 78 emergency stop switch, 79 start button, 80 touch screen, 81 sound and light alarm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] This invention provides an online automatic testing machine for the strength of hollow drive shafts. At the press of a button, a handling mechanism places the hollow shaft onto double V-shaped brackets A and B. When sensor C on double V-bracket B detects the presence of a workpiece, cylinder B activates, pushing the hollow shaft through a transmission component. The two ends of the hollow shaft are spline-connected to the detection power input and output terminals, respectively. Servo motor C then activates, driving splined chuck A within clamping body A via a cycloidal pinwheel reducer to rotate at a set speed. This test measures the strength and torsional stiffness of the hollow shaft. When the measured actual value reaches the set value, the product is qualified, displayed on the touch screen, and saved. The handling mechanism then transfers the qualified hollow shaft to the next process. If the strength and torsional stiffness of the hollow shaft fail, an audible and visual alarm sounds, and the unqualified hollow shaft is transported to the NG material channel. The entire process is completed automatically. Automatic testing improves production efficiency, ensures product quality, and achieves a 100% pass rate.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The online automatic testing machine for the strength of the hollow shaft of the transmission shaft has a frame 46, a transport mechanism 1, a testing mechanism 2, a feeding mechanism 3, and an online automatic control system. A work table 47 is fixedly installed on the frame, and a horizontal double guide rail 42 is fixedly installed on the work table. The testing mechanism includes a testing power input end 19, a testing power output end 20, a testing support mechanism, and an NG material channel 30. The NG material channel 30 is fixedly connected to the work table at the rear side of the work table, the testing power input end 19 is fixedly connected to the work table, and the testing power output end 20 is fixedly connected to the horizontal double guide rail 42 when working. The testing power input end and the testing power output end are respectively provided with ports for connecting to the workpiece, and the two ports are opposite. The testing support mechanism is fixedly connected to the horizontal double guide rail 42 on the work table when working. The feeding mechanism is placed on the right side of the work table. The main body of the transport mechanism includes a crossbeam 3 2. Longitudinal beam 5, sliding frame 39 and transport power mechanism, the crossbeam is fixedly connected to the frame and placed above the feeding mechanism and the detection mechanism, the crossbeam is provided with a single guide rail A35 and a single guide rail B31, the longitudinal beam is provided with a vertical double guide rail 29, the sliding frame 39 is slidably connected to the single guide rail A and the single guide rail B on the crossbeam, and is also slidably connected to the vertical double guide rail on the longitudinal beam, the online automatic control system includes a controller and detection components and actuators provided on various relevant parts of this detection machine, the signal input end of the controller and the signal output end of each detection component are electrically connected through a signal line, the signal output end of the controller and the signal input end of each actuator are electrically connected through a signal line, the controller is installed in the electrical cabinet 4, the electrical cabinet is equipped with an audible and visual alarm 81 and a touch screen 80 connected to the controller, the touch screen is provided with a start button 79 and an emergency stop switch 78. The touch screen is the human-machine interface of the controller. The touch screen can be installed on the surface of the electrical cabinet or on the rack, which is convenient for on-site staff to operate. Staff can control the operation of the entire machine or adjust various parameters on the touch screen, and display the working status of the online automatic detection machine for the strength of the hollow shaft of the transmission shaft.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] On the basis of the structure of Example 1, the detection power input end 19 described in the present invention has a servo motor C82, a cycloidal pinwheel reducer 15, and a clamp body A17. A spline chuck A16 is provided inside the clamp body A. The spline chuck A is fixedly connected to the clamp body A. An internal spline A12 and an inner conical surface A13 are provided inside the spline chuck A. The internal spline A12 of the spline chuck A and the external spline A18 at one end of the hollow shaft 36 (workpiece) are clearance fit. The spline chuck A is fixedly connected to the clamp body A. The rotating end of the servo motor C82 is fixedly connected to the clamp body A17 through the cycloidal pinwheel reducer 15, and the detection power input end is fixedly connected to the worktable. The cycloidal pinwheel reducer 15 is a commonly used gear reducer. The driving force of the prime mover is transmitted to the shaft, and the shaft drives the cycloidal pinwheel and the gear to rotate, thereby improving the transmission ratio. The detection power output end 20 has a clamping body B26 and a torque sensor 28. The clamping body B is fixedly connected to the torque sensor. A spline chuck B23, a sleeve 24, and a strong spring 27 are provided inside the clamping body B. An internal spline B25 and an inner conical surface B22 are provided inside the spline chuck B. The spline chuck B is fixedly connected to the sleeve. The sleeve is slidingly connected to the clamping body B through a key. The strong spring is elastically connected to the sleeve. The detection power output end is fixedly connected to the bracket B45 through the torque sensor 28. The bracket B is connected to the horizontal double guide rail 42 through a guide rail slider. The internal spline B25 of the spline chuck B is clearance-matched with the external spline B21 at the other end of the hollow shaft 36 (workpiece). The detection support mechanism comprises a cylinder B43, a cylinder C77, a cylinder D75, a cylinder E72, an inclined unloading rack A76, an inclined unloading rack B74, a double V-shaped bracket A69, a double V-shaped bracket B71, a U-shaped bracket A67, a U-shaped bracket B73, a bracket A44, a bracket B45, a bracket C68, a bracket D70, a screw 48, a bearing seat A66, a bearing seat B41, a worm gear reducer 40, the bracket A44 is connected to the horizontal double guide rail through a guide rail slider, the bracket A44 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the cylinder B43, and the telescopic end of the cylinder B43 is fixedly connected to the bracket B45; the bracket C68 is connected to the fixed end of the cylinder B43; ... It is connected to the horizontal double guide rail through the guide rail slider, and the double V-shaped bracket A69 and the U-shaped bracket A67 are fixed on the bracket C68. The fixed end of the cylinder C77 is fixedly connected to the bracket C68, and the telescopic end of the cylinder C is fixedly connected to the inclined unloading rack A76; the bracket D70 is connected to the horizontal double guide rail through the guide rail slider, the double V-shaped bracket B71 is fixedly installed on the bracket D, and the sensor C11 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the groove of the double V-shaped bracket B, the fixed end of the cylinder D75 is fixedly connected to the bracket D, the telescopic end of the cylinder D is fixedly connected to the inclined unloading rack B74, the fixed end of the cylinder E72 is fixedly connected to the bracket D70, and the telescopic end of the cylinder E is fixedly connected to the U-shaped bracket B73.When the bolts on the guide rail slider are loosened, brackets A, B, C, and D are slidably connected to the horizontal double guide rails. When the bolts on the guide rail slider are tightened, brackets A, B, C, and D are fixedly connected to the horizontal double guide rails. By loosening and tightening the bolts on the guide rail slider, the position of each bracket can be easily adjusted to suit hollow shafts of different lengths; the bearing seat A66, the bearing seat B41, and the worm gear reducer 40 are all fixedly connected to the workbench 47, and the lead screw 48 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat A at one end and the other end through the nut fixed to the bottom of the bracket B45. It is rotatably connected to the bearing seat B and fixedly connected to the output end of the worm gear reducer 40. Since the bracket B is relatively heavy, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the bracket B to suit hollow shafts of different lengths, the position of the bracket B can be conveniently adjusted by driving the lead screw through the nut under the bracket B through the worm gear reducer; the worm gear mechanism selected by the present invention is the existing technology, which is used to transmit motion and power between two staggered shafts. The characteristics of the worm gear are: a large transmission ratio can be obtained, the structure is compact; the transmission is smooth and the noise is small; and it has self-locking properties.

[0030] Example 3

[0031] Based on the structure of Example 1, the feeding mechanism 3 described in the present invention has a feeding frame 53, a feeding support plate 54, a baffle 51, a cylinder A56, a sloped top plate 55, a sensor A57, a sensor B50, and a grooved positioning block 49. The feeding support plate is fixedly connected to the feeding frame, the baffle is fixedly connected to the feeding support plate, the fixed end of cylinder A is fixedly connected to the feeding frame, and the telescopic end of cylinder A is fixedly connected to the sloped top plate. A notch 52 is provided on the feeding support plate, and the sloped top plate is opposite to the notch in the feeding frame, and the sloped top plate moves up and down through the notch. Two grooved positioning blocks are fixedly mounted on the frame, sensor B is fixedly mounted in the groove of the grooved positioning block, and sensor A is fixedly mounted on the frame, and its position is opposite to the notch. The feeding support plate and the grooved positioning block are both at a certain angle to the horizontal plane to facilitate the downward rolling of the intermediate shaft under the action of its own gravity.

[0032] Example 4

[0033] Based on the structure of Example 1, the transport mechanism 1 of the present invention comprises a crossbeam 32, a longitudinal beam 5, a sliding frame 39, a bracket E65, and a bracket F62. The crossbeam is fixedly connected to the frame 46. A rack A9 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the crossbeam, a single guide rail A35 is fixedly mounted on the front of the crossbeam, and a single guide rail B31 is fixedly mounted on the top of the crossbeam. A hard limit screw A38 and a limit switch A37 are fixedly mounted on the left end of the crossbeam, and a hard limit screw B34 and a limit switch B33 are fixedly mounted on the right end of the crossbeam. A vertical double guide rail 29 is fixedly installed on the back of the longitudinal beam, a rack B6 is fixedly installed on the left side of the longitudinal beam, and a bracket E65 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the longitudinal beam; the sliding frame 39 is slidingly connected to the single guide rail A35 and the single guide rail B31 through the guide rail slider, and is slidingly connected to the vertical double guide rail of the longitudinal beam through the guide rail slider. The fixed end of the servo motor A14 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame, and the rotating end of the servo motor A is fixedly connected to the gear A10 through the planetary reducer, and the gear A10 is meshed with the rack A9. The fixed end of the servo motor B8 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame, the rotating end of the servo motor B is fixedly connected to the gear B7 through the planetary reducer, and the gear B is meshed with the rack B; the bracket E65 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the rotating cylinder 64, and the rotating end of the rotating cylinder is fixedly connected to the bracket F62 through the coupling 63. The bottom of the bracket F is fixedly connected to the fixed ends of the clamping cylinder A61 and the clamping cylinder B59, and the telescopic ends of the clamping cylinder A and the clamping cylinder B are respectively fixedly connected to the clamping claw A60 and the clamping claw B58.

[0034] During operation, press the start button 79 in automatic mode to place the hollow shaft 36 (workpiece) on the loading pallet 54. Under the action of the workpiece's own gravity, the workpiece rolls along the loading pallet to the top of the slot 52 and is stopped by the baffle 51. When the sensor A57 detects the presence of a workpiece, the cylinder A56 drives the inclined top plate 55 to move upward through the slot 52, and supports the workpiece on the slot-shaped positioning block 49. Under the action of its own gravity, the workpiece rolls into the groove along the upper end surface of the slot-shaped positioning block. The sensor B50 detects the presence of a workpiece. The servo motor A14 in the conveying mechanism 1 drives the gear A10 to rotate on the rack A9 through the planetary reducer, driving the longitudinal beam 5 to move to the right along the single guide rail A35 and the single guide rail B31. When the limit switch B33 senses the longitudinal beam, the rotating cylinder 64 drives the bracket F62 to rotate 90 degrees through the coupling 63, and the servo motor B8 drives the gear B7 through the planetary reducer. It rotates on rack B6, driving the longitudinal beam downward to the set position. At this time, the center of clamping jaw A60 coincides with the center of the hollow shaft on the grooved positioning block. The telescopic end of clamping cylinder A61 drives clamping jaw A60 to clamp the hollow shaft. Servo motor B8 drives gear B to rotate on rack B6 through the planetary reducer, driving the longitudinal beam upward to the set position. Rotating cylinder 64 drives bracket F62 to rotate 90 degrees through coupling 63. Servo motor B drives gear B7 to rotate on rack B through the planetary reducer, driving the longitudinal beam downward to the set position. Servo motor B drives gear B to rotate on rack B through the planetary reducer, driving the longitudinal beam downward to the set position. The telescopic end of clamping cylinder A61 drives clamping jaw A to release the hollow shaft and place the hollow shaft into the front V-groove of double V-shaped brackets A and B. Servo motor B drives gear B to rotate on rack B6 through the planetary reducer.The longitudinal beam is driven to move upward to the set position. When the sensor C11 on the double V-shaped bracket B71 detects a workpiece, the cylinder B43 pushes the bracket B45 and the clamp body B26 on it forward. The inner conical surface B22 of the spline chuck B23 in the clamp body B pushes the hollow shaft to move to the left and contacts the inner conical surface A13 of the spline chuck A16 in the clamp body A17. The contact is maintained under the action of the strong spring 27. The servo motor C is started and drives the spline chuck A in the clamp body A to rotate at the set speed through the cycloid pinwheel reducer. When the torque is less than the torque starting value, it means that the outer splines at both ends of the hollow shaft have not entered the inner splines A12 of the spline chuck A or the inner splines B25 of the spline chuck B, then the servo motor C Continue to rotate until the external splines A18 and external splines B21 at both ends of the hollow shaft enter the internal splines A of the spline chuck A and the internal splines B of the spline chuck B, the torque value will gradually increase, and when the torque value reaches the set torque starting value, the torsion angle begins to be measured. When the torsion angle does not reach the limit value, the torque reaches the limit value, indicating that the strength and torsional stiffness of the hollow shaft are qualified. The torque and torsion angle curves are displayed on the touch screen 80 and saved. The telescopic end of the cylinder B43 drives the bracket B45 and the clamp body B on it to retreat, and the strong spring pushes the hollow shaft outward. Synchronously, the U-shaped bracket A67 blocks the step of the hollow shaft to ensure that the external spline B of the hollow shaft is completely withdrawn from the internal spline B. At the same time, to ensure that the external spline A of the hollow shaft is completely The hollow shaft is completely withdrawn from the inner spline A, and the telescopic end of cylinder E72 drives the U-shaped bracket B73 to move to the right. Since the U-shaped bracket B is at the step of the hollow shaft, the hollow shaft can be completely withdrawn from the outer spline A and the inner spline A. The telescopic ends of cylinders C77 and cylinder D75 simultaneously drive the inclined unloading rack A76 and the inclined unloading rack 74 to rise, and lift the hollow shaft. The hollow shaft rolls downward along the inclined surfaces of the inclined unloading racks A and B. Cylinders C and D delay until the hollow shaft is directly above the V-groove behind the double V-shaped brackets A69 and B. The telescopic ends of cylinders C and D drive the inclined unloading racks A and B to descend to their original positions, and the hollow shaft falls into the V-groove behind the double V-shaped brackets A and B. The telescopic end of cylinder E returns to its original position, and the servo motor Machine B drives gear B on rack B6 through the planetary reducer, driving the longitudinal beam downward to the set position. The telescopic end of the clamping cylinder B59 drives the clamping claw B58 to clamp the hollow shaft in the V-groove behind the double V-shaped brackets A and B. The servo motor B drives gear B on rack B through the planetary reducer, driving the longitudinal beam upward to the set position. The servo motor A drives gear A10 on rack A9 through the planetary reducer, driving the longitudinal beam to the left along guide rails A and B. When the limit switch A37 senses the longitudinal beam, the rotary cylinder drives bracket F to rotate 90 degrees through coupling 63. The servo motor B drives gear B on rack B through the planetary reducer, driving the longitudinal beam downward to the set position.The telescopic end of the clamping cylinder B drives the clamping claw B58 to release the hollow shaft and place it at the feeding end of the next process. The servo motor B drives the gear B to rotate on the rack B through the planetary reducer, driving the longitudinal beam to move upward to the set position. The rotary cylinder drives the bracket F to rotate 90 degrees through the coupling. The servo motor A drives the gear A to rotate on the rack A through the planetary reducer, driving the longitudinal beam to move to the right along the guide rails A and B. When the limit switch B33 senses the longitudinal beam, the rotary cylinder drives the bracket F to rotate 90 degrees through the coupling. The servo motor B drives the gear B to rotate on the rack B through the planetary reducer, driving the longitudinal beam to move downward to the set position, and the clamping cylinder is closed. The telescopic end of cylinder A61 drives clamping jaw A to clamp the hollow shaft on slotted positioning block 49, starting the next cycle. When the torsion angle reaches the limit, the torque does not reach the limit, indicating that the hollow shaft's torsional stiffness fails the test. Sound and light alarm 81 indicates this. The telescopic ends of cylinders C77 and D75 simultaneously raise inclined unloading racks A76 and B74, lifting the hollow shaft. The hollow shaft rolls down along the inclined surfaces of inclined unloading racks A and B into the NG channel. The telescopic ends of cylinders C and D drive inclined unloading racks A and B back to their original positions.

[0035] The main functions of the servo motors A, B, and C are to precisely control the rotation angle, convert the rotational motion into linear motion, and transmit power, with the characteristics of high precision, reversibility, and high efficiency.

Claims

1. Online automatic testing machine for the strength of hollow shaft of transmission shaft, characterized by: The invention comprises a frame (46), a transport mechanism (1), a detection mechanism (2), a feeding mechanism (3), and an online automatic control system. A work table (47) is fixedly mounted on the frame, a horizontal double guide rail (42) is fixedly mounted on the work table, the detection mechanism comprises a detection power input end (19), a detection power output end (20), a detection support mechanism, and an NG material channel (30). The NG material channel (30) is fixedly connected to the work table at the rear side of the work table, the detection power input end (19) is fixedly connected to the work table, the detection power output end (20) is fixedly connected to the horizontal double guide rail when working, the detection power input end and the detection power output end are respectively provided with ports connected to the workpiece, and the two ports are opposite to each other. The support mechanism is fixedly connected to the horizontal double guide rail on the workbench plate when working. The feeding mechanism is placed on the right side of the workbench. The main body of the transport mechanism includes a crossbeam (32), a longitudinal beam (5), a sliding frame (39) and a transport power mechanism. The crossbeam is fixedly connected to the frame and is placed above the feeding mechanism and the detection mechanism. A single guide rail A (35) and a single guide rail B (31) are provided on the crossbeam. A vertical double guide rail (29) is provided on the longitudinal beam. The sliding frame is slidably connected to the single guide rail A and the single guide rail B on the crossbeam, and is also slidably connected to the vertical double guide rail on the longitudinal beam. The online automatic control system includes a controller and detection components and actuators provided at relevant parts of the detection machine. The signal input end of the controller is electrically connected to the signal output end of each detection component through a signal line, and the signal output end of the controller is electrically connected to the signal input end of each actuator through a signal line. The controller is installed in an electrical cabinet, and the electrical cabinet is equipped with an audible and visual alarm (81) and a touch screen (80) connected to the controller. The touch screen is provided with a start button (79) and an emergency stop switch (78). The detection power input end (19) in the detection mechanism includes a servo motor C (82 ), a cycloid pinwheel reducer (15), a clamp body A (17), the rotating end of the servo motor C is fixedly connected to the clamp body A through the cycloid pinwheel reducer, the detection power output end (20), including the clamp body B (26), a torque sensor (28), the clamp body B is fixedly connected to the torque sensor, the ports connected to the workpiece are: the clamp body A (17) and the clamp body B (26), the clamp body A is provided with an internal spline A (12) movably connected to one end of the hollow shaft, the clamp body B is provided with an internal spline B (25) movably connected to the other end of the hollow shaft, and the two ports of the clamp body A and the clamp body B are opposite;The detection support mechanism includes a cylinder B (43), a cylinder C (77), a cylinder D (75), a cylinder E (72), an inclined unloading rack A (76), an inclined unloading rack B (74), a double V-shaped bracket A (69), a double V-shaped bracket B (71), a U-shaped bracket A (67), a U-shaped bracket B (73), a bracket A (44), a bracket B (45), a bracket C (68), a bracket D (70), a screw (48), a bearing seat A (66), a bearing seat B (41 ), worm gear reducer (40), wherein brackets A, B, C, and D are fixedly connected to the horizontal double guide rails through guide rail sliders during operation, the fixed end of cylinder B (43) is fixedly connected to bracket A, and the telescopic end is fixedly connected to bracket B, the fixed end of cylinder C (77) is fixedly connected to bracket C, and the telescopic end is fixedly connected to the inclined unloading rack A, and bracket C is fixedly equipped with a double V-shaped bracket A (69) and a U-shaped bracket A (67); the fixed end of cylinder D (75) is fixedly connected to bracket D, and the telescopic end is fixedly connected to the inclined unloading rack B, A double V-shaped bracket B (71) is fixed on bracket D, and a sensor C (11) is fixed on the bottom of the groove of the double V-shaped bracket B. The fixed end of the cylinder E (72) is fixed to bracket D, and the telescopic end is fixed to U-shaped bracket B (73). The detection power output end is fixed to bracket B through a torque sensor. A nut is fixed under bracket B. One end of the screw installed in the nut is connected to the bearing seat A for rotation, and the other end is connected to the bearing seat B for rotation and fixed to the output end of the worm gear reducer. The bearing seat A, the bearing seat B, and the worm gear reducer are fixed on the workbench. When the screw rotates, the nut moves with the bracket B on the screw, and the function is to adjust the position of the bracket B to adapt to workpieces of different lengths.

2. The online automatic testing machine for the strength of a hollow transmission shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism comprises a feeding frame (53), a feeding support plate (54), a baffle (51), a cylinder A (56), an inclined top plate (55), a sensor A (57), a sensor B (50), and a groove-shaped positioning block (49), wherein the feeding support plate is fixedly connected to the feeding frame, the baffle is fixedly connected to the feeding support plate, the fixed end of the cylinder A is fixedly connected to the feeding frame, the telescopic end of the cylinder A is fixedly connected to the inclined top plate, a notch (52) is opened on the feeding support plate, the inclined top plate is opposite to the notch in the feeding frame, and can move up and down through the notch when active, two groove-shaped positioning blocks are fixedly mounted on the frame, the sensor B is fixedly mounted in the groove of the groove-shaped positioning block, the sensor A is fixedly mounted on the frame, and its position is opposite to the notch, the feeding support plate and the groove-shaped positioning block are both at a certain angle to the horizontal plane, so that the hollow shaft of the transmission shaft can roll downward under the action of its own gravity.

3. The online automatic testing machine for the strength of a hollow transmission shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport mechanism comprises a rack A (9) fixedly mounted below the crossbeam, a single guide rail A (35) fixedly mounted in front of the crossbeam, a single guide rail B (31) fixedly mounted above the crossbeam, a hard limit screw A (38) and a limit switch A (37) fixedly mounted on the left end of the crossbeam, and a hard limit screw B (34) and a limit switch B (33) fixedly mounted on the right end of the crossbeam; a vertical double guide rail (29) fixedly mounted behind the longitudinal beam, a rack B (6) fixedly mounted on the left side of the longitudinal beam, and a bracket E (65) fixedly mounted at the lower end of the longitudinal beam; the sliding frame (39) is slidably connected to the single guide rail A and the single guide rail B through the guide rail slider, and is slidably connected to the vertical double guide rail of the longitudinal beam through the guide rail slider; the transport power mechanism comprises a servo motor A (14), a servo motor B (8), a rotary cylinder (64), a clamping cylinder A (61), a clamping cylinder Tightening cylinder B (59), bracket E (65), bracket F (62), wherein the fixed end of servo motor A (14) is fixedly connected to the sliding frame, the rotating end of servo motor A is fixedly connected to gear A (10) through a planetary reducer, gear A is meshed with rack A, the fixed end of servo motor B (8) is fixedly connected to the sliding frame, the rotating end of servo motor B is fixedly connected to gear B (7) through a planetary reducer, and gear B is meshed with rack B (6); the bracket E is fixedly connected to the fixed end of rotating cylinder (64), the rotating end of rotating cylinder is fixedly connected to bracket F (62) through a coupling (63), the bottom of bracket F is fixedly connected to the fixed ends of clamping cylinder A (61) and clamping cylinder B (59), and the telescopic ends of clamping cylinder A and clamping cylinder B are respectively fixedly connected to clamping claw A (60) and clamping claw B (58).

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