UE Beam Management: A Combined Periodic and Event-Based Reporting Approach for the Trade-off Between Communication Overhead and UE Mobility

Abstract

This document relates to UE beam management: a combined periodic and event-based reporting method for tradeoffs between communication overhead and UE mobility. Apparatus, systems, and methods for a wireless device to perform a method comprising: performing one or more of periodic beam quality measurements and / or event-based beam quality measurements; determining a recommended beam quality measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more of the periodic beam quality measurements and / or the event-based beam quality measurements; and transmitting the recommended beam quality measurement configuration to a base station serving the UE. Furthermore, the UE can execute instructions received from the base station regarding the beam quality measurement configuration. The instructions may include instructions to activate, deactivate, and / or modify at least one beam quality measurement configuration. Moreover, the instructions may be based at least in part on the recommended beam quality measurement configuration.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application filed on November 9, 2018, with application number 201880072595.8, entitled "UE Beam Management: A Combined Periodic and Event-Based Reporting Method for Trade-offs in Communication Overhead and UE Mobility". Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to wireless devices, and more specifically to apparatus, systems, and methods for wireless devices to initiate beam management processes for next-generation radio access technologies. Background Technology

[0003] The use of wireless communication systems is growing rapidly. Furthermore, wireless communication technology has evolved from solely voice communication to also include the transmission of data (such as the internet and multimedia content). Therefore, improvements in this field are expected. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The implementation scheme relates to apparatus, systems, and methods for performing beam management processes for wireless devices and next-generation network nodes (e.g., fifth-generation new radio (5G NR) network nodes, also known as gNBs).

[0005] In some implementations, the user equipment (UE) may be configured to perform methods including: performing one or more of periodic beam quality measurements and / or event-based beam quality measurements; determining a recommended beam quality measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more of the periodic beam quality measurements and / or event-based beam quality measurements; and transmitting the recommended beam quality measurement configuration to a base station serving the UE. Furthermore, the UE may execute instructions received from the base station regarding the beam quality measurement configuration. These instructions may include instructions to activate, deactivate, and / or modify at least one beam quality measurement configuration. Moreover, the instructions may be based at least in part on the recommended beam quality measurement configuration.

[0006] The technologies described herein can be implemented in and / or used with a variety of different types of devices, including but not limited to any one of cellular phones, tablets, wearable computing devices, portable media players and various other computing devices.

[0007] The present invention is intended to provide a brief overview of some of the subjects described in this document. Therefore, it should be understood that the above features are merely illustrative and should not be construed as narrowing the scope or substance of the subjects described herein in any way. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subjects described herein will become apparent from the following detailed description, drawings, and claims. Attached Figure Description

[0008] A better understanding of the subject matter can be obtained by considering the following detailed description of the various embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0009] Figure 1 An example wireless communication system according to some implementation schemes is shown.

[0010] Figure 2 A base station (BS) communicating with a user equipment (UE) device is shown according to some implementation schemes.

[0011] Figure 3 Example block diagrams of a UE according to some implementation schemes are shown.

[0012] Figure 4 Example block diagrams of a BS according to some implementation schemes are shown.

[0013] Figure 5 An example block diagram of a cellular communication circuit according to some implementation schemes is shown.

[0014] Figure 6A An example of the connection between the EPC network, the LTE base station (eNB), and the 5G NR base station (gNB) is shown.

[0015] Figure 6B An example of the protocol stack used for eNB and gNB is shown.

[0016] Figure 7 This illustrates an example of how the beam management framework operates.

[0017] Figure 8A An example of the P2 beam management process is shown.

[0018] Figure 8B An example of the P3 beam management process is shown.

[0019] Figure 9A and Figure 9B An example illustrating the effect of UE motion on beam selection.

[0020] Figure 10A Examples of periodic beam management with UE feedback according to some implementation schemes are shown.

[0021] Figure 10B An example of an RRC measurement configuration for periodic beam quality reporting is shown according to some implementation schemes.

[0022] Figure 11A Examples of event-based beam management with UE feedback according to some implementation schemes are shown.

[0023] Figure 11BAn example of an RRC measurement event configuration for event-based beam quality reporting is shown according to some implementation schemes.

[0024] Figure 12 Examples of combined periodic and event-based beam management with UE feedback are shown according to some implementation schemes.

[0025] Figure 13 Examples of beam event detection according to some implementation schemes are shown.

[0026] Figure 14 A block diagram illustrating an example of a method for beam quality management according to some implementation schemes is shown.

[0027] Figure 15 A block diagram illustrating another example of a method for beam quality management according to some implementation schemes is shown.

[0028] While the features described herein may be subject to various modifications and alternatives, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings and described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the drawings and their detailed description are not intended to limit this document to the specific forms disclosed, but rather are intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the substance and scope of the subject matter as defined by the appended claims. Detailed Implementation

[0029] the term

[0030] The following is a glossary of terms used in this disclosure:

[0031] Memory media—any of various types of nontransitory memory devices or storage devices. The term "memory media" is intended to include mounting media such as CD-ROMs, floppy disks, or magnetic tape devices; computer system memory or random access memory such as DRAM, DDR RAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM, etc.; non-volatile memory such as flash memory, magnetic media, such as hard disk drives or optical storage devices; registers or other similar types of memory elements, etc. Memory media may also include other types of nontransitory memory or combinations thereof. Furthermore, memory media may reside in a first computer system executing a program, or may reside in a different second computer system connected to the first computer system via a network such as the Internet. In the latter case, the second computer system may provide program instructions to the first computer for execution. The term "memory media" may include two or more memory media that may reside in different locations on different computer systems, for example, connected via a network. Memory media may store program instructions (e.g., representing a computer program) that can be executed by one or more processors.

[0032] Carrier media—memory media as described above, and physical transmission media such as buses, networks, and / or other physical transmission media that transmit signals such as electrical signals, electromagnetic signals, or digital signals.

[0033] Programmable hardware elements—including a variety of hardware devices comprising multiple programmable functional blocks connected via programmable interconnects. Examples include FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays), PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices), FPOAs (Field-Programmable Object Arrays), and CPLDs (Complex PLDs). Programmable functional blocks can vary from fine-grained (combinatorial logic units or lookup tables) to coarse-grained (arithmetic logic units or processor cores). Programmable hardware elements may also be referred to as “configurable logic units.”

[0034] Computer system—any of all types of computing or processing systems, including personal computer systems (PCs), mainframe computer systems, workstations, network devices, internet devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), television systems, grid computing systems, or other devices or combinations thereof. In general, the term "computer system" can be broadly defined to encompass any device (or combination of devices) having at least one processor that executes instructions from a memory medium.

[0035] User equipment (UE) (or “UE device”) — any of various types of computer system devices that are mobile or portable and perform wireless communications. Examples of UE devices include mobile phones or smartphones (e.g., iPhone). TM Based on Android TM Telephones), portable gaming devices (e.g., Nintendo DS) TM PlayStation Portable TM Gameboy Advance TM iPhone TM ), laptops, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches, smart glasses), personal digital assistants, portable internet devices, music players, data storage devices, or other handheld devices, etc. Generally speaking, the term "UE" or "UE device" can be broadly defined as any electronic device, computing device, and / or telecommunications device (or combination of devices) that is portable to the user and capable of wireless communication.

[0036] Base station—The term “base station” has the full range of its common meaning and includes at least a wireless communication station that is installed in a fixed location and is used for communication as part of a wireless telephone system or radio system.

[0037] A processing element is a component or combination of components capable of performing the functions of a device such as a user equipment or cellular network device. A processing element may include, for example: a processor and associated memory, portions or circuitry of individual processor cores, an entire processor core, a processor array, circuitry such as an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit), programmable hardware components such as a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and any combination thereof.

[0038] A channel is a medium used to transmit information from a transmitter to a receiver. It should be noted that because the characteristics of the term "channel" can vary depending on the wireless protocol, the term "channel" as used herein should be considered in a standard manner consistent with the type of device to which the term is referenced. In some standards, channel width can be variable (e.g., depending on device capabilities, frequency band conditions, etc.). For example, LTE can support scalable channel bandwidths from 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz. In contrast, WLAN channels can be 22 MHz wide, while Bluetooth channels can be 1 MHz wide. Other protocols and standards may include different definitions of channels. Furthermore, some standards may define and use multiple types of channels, such as different channels for uplink or downlink and / or different channels for different purposes such as data, control information, etc.

[0039] The term “band” has the full range of its general meaning and includes at least a segment of spectrum (e.g., radio frequency spectrum) in which a channel is used or reserved for the same purpose.

[0040] Automatic—refers to actions or operations performed by a computer system (e.g., software executed by the computer system) or device (e.g., circuits, programmable hardware components, ASICs, etc.) without requiring direct user input to specify or perform the actions or operations. Therefore, the term "automatic" contrasts with actions performed or specified manually by the user, where the user provides input to directly perform the action. An automatic process can be initiated by user-provided input, but the subsequent actions performed "automatically" are not specified by the user; that is, they are not performed "manually," where the user specifies each action to be performed. For example, a user filling out a form by selecting each field and providing input specifying information (e.g., by typing information, selecting a checkbox, selecting a radio component, etc.) is considered manually filling out the form, even though the computer system must update the form in response to the user's actions. The form can be automatically filled out by a computer system (e.g., software executed on the computer system) which analyzes the fields of the form and fills it out without any user input specifying answers for the fields. As indicated above, the user can invoke the automatic filling of the form but does not participate in the actual filling of the form (e.g., the user does not manually specify answers for the fields, but they are completed automatically). This manual provides various examples of operations that are automatically performed in response to actions taken by the user.

[0041] Approximately—means a value close to the correct or precise value. For example, approximately can refer to a value within 1% to 10% of the precise (or expected) value. However, it should be noted that the actual threshold (or tolerance) can vary depending on the application. For example, in some implementations, “approximately” may mean within 0.1% of some specified or expected value, while in various other implementations, the threshold may be, for example, 2%, 3%, 5%, etc., depending on the expectations or requirements of the specific application.

[0042] Concurrency refers to the parallel execution or implementation of tasks, processes, or programs in a manner that at least partially overlaps. For example, concurrency can be achieved using “strong” or strict parallelism, where tasks are executed in parallel (at least partially) on corresponding computing elements; or using “weak parallelism,” where tasks are executed in an interleaved manner (e.g., by time multiplexing of execution threads).

[0043] Various components can be described as being "configured" to perform one or more tasks. In such contexts, "configured" is a broad expression generally meaning "having" a "structure" that performs one or more tasks during operation. Thus, a component can be configured to perform a task even when it is not currently performing one (e.g., a set of electrical conductors can be configured to electrically connect one module to another, even when the two modules are not connected). In some contexts, "configured" can be a broad description generally meaning a structure that "has a circuit system that performs one or more tasks during operation." Thus, a component can be configured to perform a task even when it is not currently switched on. Typically, the circuit forming the structure corresponding to "configured" can include hardware circuitry.

[0044] For ease of description, various components may be described as performing one or more tasks. Such descriptions should be interpreted as including the phrase "configured to". Statements describing a component as configured to perform one or more tasks are explicitly intended not to invoke the interpretation of 35 U.S.SC §112(f) for that component.

[0045] Figure 1 and Figure 2 —Communication System

[0046] Figure 1 A simplified exemplary wireless communication system according to some implementation schemes is shown. It should be noted that... Figure 1 The system described herein is merely one example of a possible system, and the features of this disclosure can be implemented in any of a variety of systems as needed.

[0047] As shown in the figure, the exemplary wireless communication system includes a base station 102A, which communicates with one or more user equipments 106A, 106B to 106N via a transmission medium. Each user equipment may be referred to herein as a "user equipment" (UE). Therefore, user equipment 106 is referred to as a UE or UE device.

[0048] Base station (BS) 102A may be a transceiver base station (BTS) or a cell site (cellular base station), and may include hardware for implementing wireless communication with UE 106A to UE 106N.

[0049] The communication area (or coverage area) of a base station can be referred to as a "cell". Base station 102A and UE 106 can be configured to communicate via a transmission medium using any of a variety of Radio Access Technologies (RATs), also known as wireless communication technologies or telecommunications standards, such as GSM, UMTS (associated with air interfaces such as WCDMA or TD-SCDMA), LTE, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), 5G New Radio (5G NR), HSPA, 3GPP2CDMA2000 (e.g., 1xRTT, 1xEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), etc. Note that if base station 102A is implemented in an LTE environment, its alternative location can be referred to as an "eNodeB" or "eNB". Note that if base station 102A is implemented in a 5G NR environment, its alternative location can be referred to as a "gNodeB" or "gNB".

[0050] As shown in the figure, base station 102A can also be configured to communicate with network 100 (e.g., in various possibilities, the core network of a cellular service provider, telecommunications networks such as the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), and / or the Internet). Therefore, base station 102A can facilitate communication between user equipments and / or between user equipments and network 100. Specifically, cellular base station 102A can provide UE 106 with various communication capabilities such as voice, SMS, and / or data services.

[0051] Base station 102A and other similar base stations (such as base stations 102B...102N) operating according to the same or different cellular communication standards can therefore be provided as a network of cells that can provide continuous or nearly continuous overlapping services to UE 106A-N and similar devices over a geographical area via one or more cellular communication standards.

[0052] Therefore, although base station 102A can act as such Figure 1 The diagram shows the "serving cell" of UEs 106A-N, but each UE 106 may also be able to receive signals (and possibly within its communication range) from one or more other cells (which may be provided by base stations 102B-N and / or any other base stations), which may be referred to as "neighboring cells". Such cells may also facilitate communication between user equipments and / or between user equipments and network 100. These cells may include "macro" cells, "micro" cells, "pecimen" cells, and / or any other cells of various other granularities providing service area size. For example, in Figure 1 Base stations 102A-B shown can be macro cells, while base station 102N can be a micro cell. Other configurations are also possible.

[0053] In some implementations, base station 102A may be a next-generation base station, such as a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station or a “gNB”. In some implementations, the gNB may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and / or to a new radio communication core (NRC) network. Furthermore, a gNB cell may include one or more transition and receive points (TRPs). Additionally, a UE capable of operating according to 5G NR may connect to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs.

[0054] It should be noted that UE 106 can communicate using multiple wireless communication standards. For example, in addition to at least one cellular communication protocol (e.g., GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces), LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR, HSPA, 3GPP2CDMA2000 (e.g., 1xRTT, 1xEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD, etc.), UE 106 can be configured to communicate using wireless networking (e.g., Wi-Fi) and / or peer-to-peer wireless communication protocols (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi peer-to-peer, etc.). If desired, UE 106 can also or alternatively be configured to communicate using one or more Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS, such as GPS or GLONASS), one or more mobile television broadcasting standards (e.g., ATSC-M / H or DVB-H), and / or any other wireless communication protocol. Other combinations of wireless communication standards (including more than two wireless communication standards) are also possible.

[0055] Figure 2 The illustration shows a user equipment 106 (e.g., one of devices 106A to 106N) communicating with base station 102 according to some embodiments. UE 106 can be a device with cellular communication capabilities, such as a mobile phone, handheld device, computer, or tablet computer, or virtually any type of wireless device.

[0056] UE 106 may include a processor configured to execute program instructions stored in memory. UE 106 may perform any of the method embodiments described herein by executing such stored instructions. Alternatively or additionally, UE 106 may include programmable hardware elements, such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) configured to perform any of the method embodiments described herein or any portion thereof.

[0057] UE 106 may include one or more antennas for communicating using one or more wireless communication protocols or technologies. In some embodiments, UE 106 may be configured to communicate using, for example, CDMA2000 (1xRTT, 1xEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD) or LTE using a single shared radio component and / or GSM or LTE using a single shared radio component. The shared radio component may be coupled to a single antenna or to multiple antennas (e.g., for MIMO) for performing wireless communication. Typically, the radio component may include any combination of baseband processor, analog radio frequency (RF) signal processing circuitry (e.g., including filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, etc.) or digital processing circuitry (e.g., for digital modulation and other digital processing). Similarly, the radio component may use the aforementioned hardware to implement one or more receive chains and transmit chains. For example, UE 106 may share one or more portions of the receive chain and / or transmit chain among various wireless communication technologies such as those discussed above.

[0058] In some implementations, UE 106 may include separate transmit and / or receive chains (e.g., including separate antennas and other radio components) for each wireless communication protocol configured to communicate therewith. As another possibility, UE 106 may include one or more radio components shared among multiple wireless communication protocols, as well as one or more radio components uniquely used by a single wireless communication protocol. For example, UE 106 may include shared radio components for communication using either LTE or 5G NR (or LTE or 1xRTT, or LTE or GSM), and separate radio components for communication using each of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Other configurations are also possible.

[0059] Figure 3 —UE block diagram

[0060] Figure 3 An exemplary simplified block diagram of a communication device 106 according to some embodiments is shown. It should be noted that... Figure 3The block diagram of the communication device is merely one example of possible communication devices. According to the implementation, among other devices, the communication device 106 may be a user equipment (UE) device, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device), a tablet computer, and / or a combination of devices. As shown, the communication device 106 may include a set of components 300 configured to perform core functions. For example, this set of components may be implemented as a system-on-a-chip (SOC), which may include portions for various purposes. Alternatively, the set of components 300 may be implemented as individual components or groups of components for various purposes. This set of components 300 may be (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) coupled to various other circuitry of the communication device 106.

[0061] For example, communication device 106 may include various types of memory (e.g., including NAND flash memory 310), input / output interfaces such as connector I / F 320 (e.g., for connection to a computer system; docking station; charging station; input devices such as microphone, camera, keyboard; output devices such as speaker; etc.), a display 360 that may be integrated with or external to communication device 106, and cellular communication circuitry 330 such as for 5G NR, LTE, GSM, etc., and short- to medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329 (e.g., Bluetooth). TM (and WLAN circuitry). In some embodiments, the communication device 106 may include wired communication circuitry (not shown), such as, for example, a network interface card for Ethernet.

[0062] Cellular communication circuitry 330 may be coupled (e.g., communicatively grounded; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas 335 and 336 shown. Short-to-medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329 may also be coupled (e.g., communicatively grounded; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas 337 and 338 shown. Alternatively, short-to-medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329 may be coupled (e.g., communicatively grounded; directly or indirectly) to antennas 337 and 338, or as an alternative, to antennas 335 and 336. Short-to-medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329 and / or cellular communication circuitry 330 may include multiple receive chains and / or multiple transmit chains for receiving and / or transmitting multiple spatial streams, such as in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) configuration.

[0063] In some embodiments, as further described below, the cellular communication circuit 330 may include dedicated receive chains for multiple RATs (including and / or coupled to (e.g., communication ground; directly or indirectly) dedicated processors and / or radio components) (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR). Furthermore, in some embodiments, the cellular communication circuit 330 may include a single transmit chain that can be switched between radio components dedicated to a particular RAT. For example, a first radio component may be dedicated to a first RAT, such as LTE, and can communicate with a dedicated receive chain and a transmit chain shared with additional radio components, such as a second radio component that may be dedicated to a second RAT (e.g., 5G NR) and can communicate with a dedicated receive chain and a shared transmit chain.

[0064] The communication device 106 may also include one or more user interface elements and / or be configured to be used with one or more user interface elements. User interface elements may include any of a variety of components such as a display 360 (which may be a touch screen display), a keyboard (which may be a separate keyboard or may be implemented as part of the touch screen display), a mouse, a microphone and / or a speaker, one or more cameras, one or more buttons, and / or any of a variety of other components capable of providing information to the user and / or receiving or interpreting user input.

[0065] The communication device 106 may also include one or more smart cards 345 with SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) functionality, such as one or more UICC cards (one or more general purpose integrated circuit cards) 345.

[0066] As shown in the figure, the SOC 300 may include a processor 302 and a display circuit 304. The processor executes program instructions for the communication device 106, and the display circuit performs graphics processing and provides display signals to the display 360. The processor 302 may also be coupled to a memory management unit (MMU) 340 (which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor 302 and translate those addresses into locations in memory (e.g., memory 306, read-only memory (ROM) 350, NAND flash memory 310)) and / or coupled to other circuitry or devices (such as the display circuit 304, short-range wireless communication circuitry 229, cellular communication circuitry 330, connector I / F 320, and / or display 360). The MMU 340 may be configured to perform memory protection and page table translation or setup. In some embodiments, the MMU 340 may be included as part of the processor 302.

[0067] As described above, the communication device 106 can be configured to communicate using wireless and / or wired communication circuits. The communication device 106 can be configured to perform methods including: performing one or more of periodic beam quality measurements and / or event-based beam quality measurements; determining a recommended beam quality measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more of the periodic beam quality measurements and / or event-based beam quality measurements; and transmitting the recommended beam quality measurement configuration to a base station serving the UE. Furthermore, the UE can execute instructions to receive beam quality measurement configurations from the base station. These instructions may include instructions to activate, deactivate, and / or modify at least one beam quality measurement configuration. Moreover, the instructions may be based at least in part on the recommended beam quality measurement configuration.

[0068] As described herein, communication device 106 may include hardware and software components for implementing the features described above for recommending beam quality measurement configurations. For example, by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium), processor 302 of communication device 106 may be configured to implement some or all of the features described herein. Alternatively (or in addition), processor 302 may be configured as a programmable hardware element such as an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) or as an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or in addition), in conjunction with one or more of other components 300, 304, 306, 310, 320, 329, 330, 340, 345, 350, 360, processor 302 of communication device 106 may be configured to implement some or all of the features described herein.

[0069] Furthermore, as described herein, processor 302 may include one or more processing elements. Therefore, processor 302 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) configured to perform the functions of processor 302. Additionally, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of one or more processors 302.

[0070] Furthermore, as described herein, both the cellular communication circuit 330 and the short-range wireless communication circuit 329 may include one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in the cellular communication circuit 330, and similarly, one or more processing elements may be included in the short-range wireless communication circuit 329. Therefore, the cellular communication circuit 330 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) configured to perform the functions of the cellular communication circuit 330. Furthermore, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of the cellular communication circuit 330. Similarly, the short-range wireless communication circuit 329 may include one or more ICs configured to perform the functions of the short-range wireless communication circuit 329. Furthermore, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of the short-range wireless communication circuit 329.

[0071] Figure 4 —Block diagram of a base station

[0072] Figure 4 An exemplary block diagram of a base station 102 according to some embodiments is shown. It should be noted that... Figure 4 The base station shown is merely one example of a possible base station. As illustrated, base station 102 may include a processor 404 capable of executing program instructions specific to base station 102. Processor 404 may also be coupled to a memory management unit (MMU) 440 or other circuitry or device, which may be configured to receive addresses from processor 404 and translate those addresses into locations in memory (e.g., memory 460 and read-only memory (ROM) 450).

[0073] Base station 102 may include at least one network port 470. Network port 470 may be configured to be coupled to a telephone network and provide access rights as described above. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The telephone network described herein includes multiple devices such as UE device 106.

[0074] Network port 470 (or an additional network port) may also be configured, or alternatively configured, to be coupled to a cellular network, such as the core network of a cellular service provider. The core network may provide mobility-related services and / or other services to multiple devices, such as UE device 106. In some cases, network port 470 may be coupled to a telephone network via the core network, and / or the core network may provide the telephone network (e.g., in other UE devices served by the cellular service provider).

[0075] In some implementations, base station 102 may be a next-generation base station, such as a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or “gNB”. In such implementations, base station 102 may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and / or to an NR core (NRC) network. Furthermore, base station 102 may be considered a 5G NR cell and may include one or more transition and receive points (TRPs). Additionally, UEs capable of operating according to 5G NR may connect to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs.

[0076] Base station 102 may include at least one antenna 434 and possibly multiple antennas. The at least one antenna 434 may be configured to function as a wireless transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with UE device 106 via radio component 430. Antenna 434 communicates with radio component 430 via communication link 432. Communication link 432 may be a receive link, a transmit link, or both. Radio component 430 may be configured to communicate via various wireless communication standards, including but not limited to 5G NR, LTE, LTE-A, GSM, UMTS, CDMA2000, Wi-Fi, etc.

[0077] Base station 102 can be configured to perform wireless communication using multiple wireless communication standards. In some cases, base station 102 may include multiple radio components that enable base station 102 to communicate according to multiple wireless communication technologies. For example, as one possibility, base station 102 may include an LTE radio component for performing communication according to LTE and a 5G NR radio component for performing communication according to 5G NR. In this case, base station 102 may be able to operate as both an LTE base station and a 5G NR base station. As another possibility, base station 102 may include a multimode radio component capable of performing communication according to any of multiple wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G NR and Wi-Fi, LTE and Wi-Fi, LTE and UMTS, LTE and CDMA2000, UMTS and GSM, etc.).

[0078] As further described herein, base station 102 may include hardware and software components for implementing or supporting embodiments of the features described herein. Processor 404 of base station 102 may be configured to implement or support some or all of the methods described herein, for example, by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively, processor 404 may be configured as a programmable hardware element such as a FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit), or a combination thereof. Alternatively (or in addition), in conjunction with one or more of other components 430, 432, 434, 440, 450, 460, 470, processor 404 of base station 102 may be configured to implement or support some or all of the features described herein.

[0079] Furthermore, as described herein, processor 404 may comprise one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in processor 404. Therefore, processor 404 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) configured to perform the functions of processor 404. Additionally, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of one or more processors 404.

[0080] Additionally, as described herein, the radio component 430 may comprise one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in the radio component 430. Therefore, the radio component 430 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) configured to perform the functions of the radio component 430. Furthermore, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of the radio component 430.

[0081] Figure 5 Block diagram of cellular communication circuit

[0082] Figure 5 An exemplary simplified block diagram of a cellular communication circuit according to some embodiments is shown. It should be noted that... Figure 5 The block diagram of the cellular communication circuit is merely one example of a possible cellular communication circuit. According to the implementation, the cellular communication circuit 330 may be included in a communication device such as the communication device 106 described above. As mentioned above, among other devices, the communication device 106 may be a user equipment (UE) device, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device), a tablet computer, and / or a combination of these devices.

[0083] Cellular communication circuit 330 may (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) be coupled to one or more antennas, such as ( Figure 3 Antennas 335a-335b and 336 are shown in the diagram. In some embodiments, the cellular communication circuit 330 may include dedicated receive chains for multiple RATs (including and / or coupled to (e.g., communication ground; directly or indirectly) dedicated processors and / or radio components) (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR). For example, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, the cellular communication circuit 330 may include a modem 510 and a modem 520. The modem 510 may be configured for communication according to a first RAT, such as LTE or LTE-A, and the modem 520 may be configured for communication according to a second RAT, such as 5G NR.

[0084] As shown, modem 510 may include one or more processors 512 and memory 516 communicating with processors 512. Modem 510 may communicate with radio frequency (RF) front end 530. RF front end 530 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, RF front end 530 may include receiver circuitry (RX) 532 and transmitter circuitry (TX) 534. In some embodiments, receiver circuitry 532 may communicate with downlink (DL) front end 550, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna 335a.

[0085] Similarly, modem 520 may include one or more processors 522 and memory 526 communicating with processor 522. Modem 520 may communicate with RF front end 540. RF front end 540 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, RF front end 540 may include receiving circuitry 542 and transmitting circuitry 544. In some embodiments, receiving circuitry 542 may communicate with DL front end 560, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna 335b.

[0086] In some implementations, switch 570 may couple transmitting circuitry 534 to uplink (UL) front-end 572. Additionally, switch 570 may couple transmitting circuitry 544 to UL front-end 572. UL front-end 572 may include circuitry for transmitting radio signals via antenna 336. Therefore, when cellular communication circuitry 330 receives an instruction to transmit according to a first RAT (e.g., supported by modem 510), switch 570 may be switched to a first state allowing modem 510 to transmit signals according to the first RAT (e.g., via a transmission chain including transmitting circuitry 534 and UL front-end 572). Similarly, when cellular communication circuitry 330 receives an instruction to transmit according to a second RAT (e.g., supported by modem 520), switch 570 may be switched to a second state allowing modem 520 to transmit signals according to the second RAT (e.g., via a transmission chain including transmitting circuitry 544 and UL front-end 572).

[0087] In some implementations, the cellular communication circuit 330 may be configured to perform a method including: performing one or more of periodic beam quality measurements and / or event-based beam quality measurements; determining a recommended beam quality measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more of the periodic beam quality measurements and / or event-based beam quality measurements; and transmitting the recommended beam quality measurement configuration to a base station serving the UE. Furthermore, the UE may execute instructions received from the base station regarding the beam quality measurement configuration. The instructions may include instructions to activate, deactivate, and / or modify at least one beam quality measurement configuration. Moreover, the instructions may be based at least in part on the recommended beam quality measurement configuration.

[0088] As described herein, modem 510 may include hardware and software components for implementing the features described above or for UL data used in time-division multiplexing NSA NR operation, as well as various other technologies described herein. For example, processor 512 may be configured to implement some or all of the features described herein by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium). Alternatively (or otherwise), processor 512 may be configured as a programmable hardware element such as a FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) or as an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or otherwise), processor 512 may be configured to implement some or all of the features described herein by combining with one or more of other components 530, 532, 534, 550, 570, 572, 335, and 336.

[0089] Furthermore, as described herein, processor 512 may include one or more processing elements. Therefore, processor 512 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) configured to perform the functions of processor 512. Additionally, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor 512.

[0090] As described herein, modem 520 may include hardware and software components for implementing the aforementioned features for recommending beam quality measurement configurations, as well as various other techniques described herein. For example, processor 522 may be configured to implement some or all of the features described herein by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or otherwise), processor 522 may be configured as a programmable hardware element such as an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) or as an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or additionally), processor 522 may be configured to implement some or all of the features described herein by combining one or more of other components 540, 542, 544, 550, 570, 572, 335, and 336.

[0091] Furthermore, as described herein, processor 522 may include one or more processing elements. Therefore, processor 522 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) configured to perform the functions of processor 522. Additionally, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor 522.

[0092] 5G NR architecture with LTE

[0093] In some specific implementations, fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication will initially be deployed concurrently with current wireless communication standards (e.g., LTE). For example, dual connectivity between LTE and the new 5G radio (5G NR or NR) has been designated as part of the initial deployment of NR. Therefore, as... Figures 6A to 6B As shown, the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network 600 can continue to communicate with the current LTE base station (e.g., eNB 602). Furthermore, eNB 602 can communicate with the 5G NR base station (e.g., gNB 604) and can transfer data between the EPC network 600 and gNB 604. Therefore, the EPC network 600 can be used (or reused), and gNB 604 can serve as additional capacity for user equipment, for example, to provide increased downlink throughput for the UE. In other words, LTE can be used for control plane signaling, and NR can be used for user plane signaling. Therefore, LTE can be used to establish connections to the network, and NR can be used for data services.

[0094] Figure 6B The proposed protocol stack for eNB 602 and gNB 604 is shown. As illustrated, eNB 602 may include a Media Access Control (MAC) layer 632 that interfaces with Radio Link Control (RLC) layers 622a-622b. RLC layer 622a may also interface with Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer 612a, and RLC layer 622b may interface with PDCP layer 612b. Similar to the dual connectivity specified in Advanced LTE Release 12, PDCP layer 612a may interface with EPC network 600 via Primary Cell Group (MCG) bearer, while PDCP layer 612b may interface with EPC network 600 via decoupling bearer.

[0095] Additionally, as shown in the figure, gNB 604 may include a MAC layer 634 that interfaces with RLC layers 624a-b. RLC layer 624a may interface with the PDCP layer 622b of eNB 602 via the X2 interface for information exchange and / or coordination (e.g., UE scheduling) between eNB 602 and gNB 604. Furthermore, RLC layer 624b may interface with PDCP layer 614. Similar to the dual connectivity specified in Advanced LTE Release 12, PDCP layer 614 may interface with EPC network 600 via a secondary cell group (SCG) bearer. Therefore, eNB 602 may be considered the primary node (MeNB), and gNB 604 may be considered the secondary node (SgNB). In some cases, it may be required that the UE maintain connectivity with both the MeNB and the SgNB. In such cases, the MeNB may be used to maintain Radio Resource Control (RRC) connectivity with the EPC, while the SgNB may be used for capacity (e.g., additional downlink and / or uplink throughput).

[0096] Beam management

[0097] In the current implementation of 5G New Radio (5G NR), the beam management framework includes a new radio base station (e.g., "gNB") that transmits periodic beam management channel state information (CSI) to user equipment ("UE"), and a UE that measures and reports the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the selected beam. The gNB can monitor any beam degradation and trigger various beam management processes, such as beam reselection at the gNB and / or beam reselection at the UE.

[0098] For example, Figure 7An example of the operation of the beam management framework is illustrated. As shown, gNB 702 may periodically or routinely transmit beam management channel state information (CSI) to user equipment equipment such as UE 706. Beam management CSI may include reference signals (RS) such as periodic CSI-RS (P-CSI-RS), semi-persistent CSI-RS (SP-CSI-RS), and / or synchronization signal blocks (SSBs), as well as other types of reference symbols. UE 702 may monitor / measure the RSRP of one or more beams and may report the RSRP to gNB 706. gNB 706 may, for example, monitor beam degradation based on the reported RSRP, and gNB 706 may trigger beam management procedures based on detected beam degradation, including aperiodic beam management procedures (such as P2 / P3 discussed below). In some cases, beam management procedures may be triggered if beam management CSI is insufficient to prevent degradation (e.g., exceeding a threshold). Such non-periodic beam management procedures can be UE-specific; for example, avoiding this would typically incur significant resource costs for the UE. Figure 7 As shown, during an exemplary beam management process, gNB 706 may transmit a series of beams (e.g., Tx beams) in a scan (or a series of scans) (such as TX beam scan cycles 710a-d), and may transmit RRC configuration information 730 related to beam management. UE 702 may detect one or more of the beams, may measure the strength (e.g., RSRP) or other characteristics of one or more beams, and may provide one or more reports 735a-b to gNB 702 based on one or more detections and / or one or more measurements.

[0099] For example, Figures 8A to 8B The corresponding beam management procedures, referred to as P2 and P3, are shown. Go to... Figure 8A The beam management process, referred to as P2, involves a gNB such as gNB 702 that uses a set of CSI resources 814a-d (CSI resource set or CRS) to transmit a series (e.g., scan) of beams 803 at different angles, such as narrow beams. As shown, a specific CSI resource can correspond to each beam, such that each beam uses a different CSI resource, and the total beam group uses a specific CRS. For example, a CRS resource set 812 including four resources 814a-d can be used for P2, such that different resources are used for each of the four beams. In other words, the CRS can be non-repeated, for example, repetition is disabled. The receiving UE 706 can use a single wide-receive (e.g., Rx) beam 804 during scanning. Based on the report provided by the UE 706, gNB 702 can select a Tx beam 830.

[0100] Go to Figure 8BIn contrast to P2, the beam management process referred to as P3 involves the UE, such as UE 706, performing a scan of the Rx beam 813 while the gNB 702 transmits a constant-width Tx beam 805. The gNB 702 may use a single CSI resource set during scan 813, for example, repeatable. The CRS may include a single resource 824 or multiple resources (e.g., in some cases, the CRS for P3 may include five resources). Based on measurements (e.g., RSRP) of the Tx beam 805 using different Rx beams, the UE may select the Rx beam 840.

[0101] It should be understood that other beam management procedures, such as those not shown herein, are known, including at least P1, U1, U2, and U3. As described above, P1 may include simultaneous scanning by both the gNB (e.g., the Tx beam) and the UE (e.g., the Rx beam). U1, U2, and U3 may correspond to procedures P1, P2, and P3, except that the roles may be reversed; for example, the UE may transmit the Tx beam, and the gNB may use the Rx beam for reception.

[0102] In addition to the common signal degradation that requires beam management processes, UE motion can affect beam quality and / or beam selection. Figure 9A and Figure 9B Examples illustrating the effect of UE motion on beam selection. For example, such as... Figure 9A As shown, when UE 706 is in the first position or orientation, UE 706 and gNB 702 can use the first pair of Tx beams 830 and Rx beams 840, respectively. Under given communication conditions, the first pair can produce good channel quality (e.g., high RSRP). As shown, the selected beams can avoid certain obstacles and may include reflections from objects to establish a communication path. [Go to...] Figure 9B This illustrates an instance where UE 706 may have moved or rotated, and therefore the first pair of Tx beams 830 and Rx beams 840 may no longer produce good channel quality. When using the first pair of Tx beams 830 and Rx beams 840, changes in the position or orientation of UE 706 relative to the communication environment can lead to channel degradation. Therefore, based on the movement of the UE, it may be desirable to select a new pair of beams.

[0103] Various observations are understandable. The behavior of the base station (e.g., eNB or gNB) can be predictable for the UE. For example, the gNB can transmit SSB and / or CSI according to a known (e.g., periodic) schedule. Changes in the desired beam (e.g., a pair of Tx and Rx beams) can be caused by changes in the UE such as movement, rotation, or obstruction (e.g., by the user's hand or body, or other surrounding objects). Therefore, the UE may be more aware than the gNB of what actions can be taken to mitigate such changes. For example, the UE can use radio measurements and / or other sensors (e.g., accelerometers, GNSS circuitry) to detect changes that may involve selecting a new beam pair. In contrast, the gNB may only be able to detect degradation, but not the factors that cause the degradation. Therefore, the UE may be better able to determine the cause of the degradation and choose an appropriate response. However, as currently shown, current beam management methods may not support signaling / reporting from the UE to assist the beam management process (e.g., initiating P2 and P3). Therefore, the gNB702 can rely on a trial-and-error approach to beam management, which can lead to costs in terms of power, resources, and delay. For example, in rotating... Figures 9A to 9B In the case of the UE shown, although gNB 702 can detect RSRP drop (e.g., based on a report from UE 706) and trigger P2 beam management procedure 801, P3 provides a better possibility of quickly selecting the appropriate beam pair.

[0104] Therefore, with the increasing prevalence of beamforming in 5G NR development, UE feedback on beam quality has become increasingly important. Specifically, periodic beam quality reports from UEs have agreed upon up to a maximum number of beams for signaling notification. However, for periodic beam reporting schemes, it may be necessary to balance communication overhead and link reliability benefits, including, for example, adjusting the reporting periodicity and / or measurement periodicity, as well as the possible channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) periodicity. Furthermore, for event-based measurement reporting schemes (which have been shown to effectively maintain good mobility service for LTE / UMTS), faster event reporting and actions may be required compared to LTE / UMTS due to the smaller measurement scale for the beam.

[0105] Therefore, in some embodiments, beam quality measurement reports from user equipment (UE) such as UE 106 may include periodic beam quality reports and / or event-based reports (e.g., non-periodic beam quality reports) (or may consist of periodic beam quality reports and / or event-based reports). In some embodiments, for periodic beam quality measurement reports, the UE may include (or have) the ability to provide feedback on recommended beam quality measurement configurations (e.g., reporting periodically). In other words, for periodic beam quality measurement reports, the UE (or the UE's processor) may be configured to provide feedback on recommended beam quality measurement configurations for beam management. In some embodiments, in response to feedback, base stations such as gNB 102 (and / or gNB 604) may modify, activate, and / or deactivate one or more beam quality measurement configurations. In other words, the base station may determine whether to modify, activate, and / or deactivate beam quality measurement configurations upon receiving feedback from the UE. In some embodiments, for event-based beam quality reports, the UE may optionally recommend certain (or specific) event reports to be activated. In other words, for event-based beam quality reporting, the UE (or its processor) can be configured to determine whether to recommend activating a specific event beam quality report. In some embodiments, the UE may also retain (or have) the option to recommend event beam management actions and event beam quality reports based on external information, such as from sensors on or included in the UE. In other words, the UE's modem (or radio component, or the radio component's processor, such as cellular communication circuitry 330) may receive information about the UE's state (e.g., movement, rotation, obstruction (e.g., blocking of antennas or beams)) via an object close to the UE (e.g., hand or body, user, or structure). In some embodiments, in response to a recommendation, a base station such as gNB 102 (and / or gNB 604) may modify, activate, and / or deactivate one or more beam quality measurement configurations. In other words, the base station may determine whether to modify, activate, and / or deactivate beam quality measurement configurations upon receiving a UE recommendation. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the base station may additionally or alternatively provide instructions for UE actions after receiving a UE recommendation.

[0106] In some implementations, for periodic beam quality measurement configuration feedback, a set of pre-selected candidate periodic beam quality report configurations can be set via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling between the UE (e.g., UE 106) and the base station (e.g., gNB 102 (and / or gNB 604)). In some implementations, the beam quality measurement reference may be (at least in part) based on CSI-RS and / or Synchronization Signal Block (SSB). It should be noted that in some implementations, for each measurement reference (e.g., SSB or CSI-RS), at most one configuration may be active. In some implementations, the beam quality report size (e.g., long / medium / short report) and / or beam quality measurement periodicity can be configured via RRC signaling between the UE and the base station. In some implementations, the default configuration can be signaled via RRC signaling between the UE and the base station.

[0107] In some implementations, the UE (or its radio / baseband processor, such as cellular circuitry 330) may be configured to (or be able to) feed back a recommended beam quality measurement configuration to the base station (e.g., via RRC signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) control element (CE), or short subframe transmission signaling of the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)). For example, periodicity may be selected from a pre-configured set (e.g., via RRC signaling) based (at least in part) on information available at the UE (e.g., Doppler shift / spread, motion detection, Layer 1 (L1) RSRP variation / trend). Alternatively, external information received at the UE's radio components (or baseband processor, such as cellular circuitry 330) from other sensors of the UE may be used to generate information, such as motion / rotation detection that the UE can use to determine the reporting periodicity. In some implementations, the UE may (e.g., via MAC CE) feed back the recommended periodicity to a beam quality measurement reference instead of (or alternatively) selecting from a candidate set of signaling notifications. In some implementations, the base station may (at least in part) determine the activation and / or deactivation of periodic beam quality measurement configurations based on UE feedback. It should be noted that in some implementations, at any given time, only one periodic beam quality reporting configuration may be active for each beam quality measurement reference (e.g., CSI-RS and / or SSB). In other words, at any given time, for each beam quality measurement reference (e.g., CSI-RS and / or SSB), at most one periodic beam quality reporting configuration may be active.

[0108] For example, such as Figure 10A As shown, UEs such as UE 106 can use periodic beam quality reports in configurations 1.b and 2.b respectively (e.g., as...). Figure 10BThe UE transmits periodic beam quality reports (e.g., reports 1010a-c) for the Beam Quality Measurement Reference CSI-RS and periodic beam quality reports (e.g., reports 1012a-b) for the Beam Quality Measurement Reference SSB (as described in the table above, on the uplink transmission). In some implementations, the beam quality report configuration may initially be signaled from the base station, for example, via RRC signaling. The UE may then (e.g., via MAC CE 1020) recommend activation of periodic beam quality report configurations 1.a and 2.a and / or recommend setting parameters associated with configurations 1.a and 2.a. In response, a base station such as gNB 102 (and / or gNB 604) may (e.g., at least in part based on a recommendation from the UE) determine, for example, via MAC CE 1030 transmitted to the UE on a downlink transmission, to activate periodic beam quality report configurations 1.a and 2.a and deactivate periodic beam quality report configurations 1.b and 2.b, and may transmit activation and deactivation indications via MAC CE 1030. Upon receiving MAC CE 1030 from the base station, the UE may then use periodic beam quality report configurations 1.a and 2.a to transmit periodic beam quality reports for beam quality measurement reference CSI-RS (e.g., reports 1014a-b) and periodic beam quality reports for beam quality measurement reference SSB (e.g., report 1016a), respectively.

[0109] In some implementations, for event-based beam quality reporting (e.g., aperiodic beam quality reporting), a UE such as UE 106 may optionally recommend certain (or specific) event reports to be activated. In other words, for event-based beam quality reporting, the UE (or its processor) may be configured to determine whether to recommend a specific event beam quality report to be activated. In some implementations, a set of pre-selected (or pre-configured) candidate beam event beam quality report configurations may be set (or initialized / configured) via RRC signaling between the UE and a base station such as gNB 102 (and / or gNB 604). For example, a beam quality report configuration may be associated with a specific event. Furthermore, a specific event may be characterized by associated parameters. Therefore, in some implementations, a specific event may be associated with more than one beam quality report configuration, at least in part, based on associated parameters. In some implementations, the associated parameters may include, but are not limited to, trigger thresholds and trigger time (TTT). In some implementations, the UE (or its processor / radio component, such as cellular communication circuitry 330) may be configured to provide feedback on recommended event beam quality reporting configurations based at least in part on external information, such as from sensors on (or included in) the UE. In other words, the UE's modem (or radio component, or the processor of the radio component, such as cellular communication circuitry 330) may receive information about the UE's state (e.g., movement, rotation, obstruction (e.g., blocking of antennas or beams)) via an object near the UE (e.g., hand or body, user, or structure), and the UE may make recommendations based on the received information. In some implementations, recommendations may be signaled via RRC signaling, MAC CE, and / or short PUCCH subframes. In some implementations, in response to a recommendation, the base station may modify, activate, and / or deactivate one or more beam quality measurement configurations based at least in part on the recommendation. In other words, the base station may determine whether to modify, activate, and / or deactivate beam quality measurement configurations upon receiving a recommendation from the UE. It should be noted that in some implementations, in addition to considering recommendations, the base station may also determine recommendations based on other factors, such as channel quality (measured by the base station) and / or periodic beam quality reports and / or recommendations received from the UE. In some implementations, communication between the base station and the UE may implicitly allow for effective response to UE mobility and / or prevent the UE itself from manipulating event reporting parameters on the UE side. Furthermore, in some implementations, the base station may additionally or alternatively provide instructions for UE actions after receiving a UE recommendation. In some implementations, the UE may include beam management actions recommended in event reports (e.g., based at least in part on information about the UE's state). For example, the UE may recommend beam management actions such as (but not limited to) UE receiver beam scanning, UE transmitter beam scanning, base station transmitter beam scanning, base station receiver beam scanning, and / or any combination thereof.

[0110] For example, such as Figure 11A As shown, a UE such as UE 106 can transmit an event report 1110 to a base station such as gNB 102 (and / or gNB 604) via RRC signaling (on the uplink transmission). The event report may optionally include a recommended action. Furthermore, the UE may, for example, send a recommendation 1120 via MAC CE to activate the event beam quality report configuration 3 (e.g., as...). Figure 11B It should be noted that in some implementations, a current (or active) event beam quality reporting configuration may not exist. Furthermore, it should be noted that in some implementations, the recommended (or configuration-related settings and / or a set of configuration-related parameters) may vary at least in part based on a measurement reference (e.g., SSB or CSI-RS). In response, the base station may (e.g., at least in part based on the UE's recommendation) determine the activation of event beam quality reporting configuration 3 and may transmit activation and deactivation indications via MAC CE 1130. Upon receiving MAC CE 1130 from the base station, the UE can then transmit a beam quality report using configuration 3. Additionally, the UE may later (via RRC signaling 1140) report the occurrence of event 3 and may optionally include the recommended action. Figure 11B The diagram also illustrates measurement event configurations 1, 2, and 3, as well as other possible events. For example, event 1 may be associated with a first TTT (e.g., TTT1) and a first threshold (e.g., threshold 1), event 2 may be associated with a second TTT (e.g., TTT 2) and a second threshold (e.g., threshold 2), and event 3 may be associated with a third TTT (e.g., TTT 3) and a third threshold (e.g., threshold 3). Furthermore, events 1 and 2 may be associated with an active state (or have an active state), and event 3 may be associated with an inactive state (or have an inactive state).

[0111] Figure 12The diagram illustrates signaling between a UE, such as UE 106, and a base station, such as gNB 102 (and / or gNB 604), according to some implementation schemes for both periodic beam quality reporting and event-based (e.g., non-periodic) beam quality reporting. As shown, the UE can use periodic beam quality reporting configurations 1.b and 2.b respectively to transmit periodic beam quality reports (e.g., reports 1210a-c) for beam quality measurement reference CSI-RS and periodic beam quality reports (e.g., reports 1212a-b) for beam quality measurement reference SSB (on uplink transmission). The UE can then (e.g., via MAC CE1220) recommend activating periodic beam quality reporting configurations 1.a and 2.a. In response, a base station such as gNB 102 (and / or gNB 604) may (e.g., at least in part based on the UE's recommendation) determine, for example, via MAC CE 1230 transmitted to the UE on a downlink transmission, to activate periodic beam quality report configurations 1.a and 2.a and deactivate periodic beam quality report configurations 1.b and 2.b, and may transmit activation and deactivation indications via MAC CE 1230. Upon receiving MAC CE 1230 from the base station, the UE may then transmit periodic beam quality reports (e.g., reports 1214a-b) for beam quality measurement reference CSI-RS and periodic beam quality reports (e.g., report 1216a) for beam quality measurement reference SSB, respectively, using periodic beam quality report configurations 1.a and 2.a. Furthermore, the UE may transmit event report 1211 to the base station via RRC signaling (on an uplink transmission). The event report may optionally include recommended actions. After sending event report 1211, the UE may, for example, transmit recommendation 1220 via MAC CE to activate event beam quality report configuration 3. In response, the base station may (e.g., based at least in part on the UE's recommendation) determine to activate event beam quality report configuration 3 and may transmit activation and deactivation instructions via MAC CE 1240.

[0112] In some implementations, beam event transmission may be achieved via MAC CE and / or via RRC signaling. In some implementations, the event may be specific to a beam quality measurement reference (e.g., CSI-RS and / or SSB). Furthermore, a trend of L1-RSRP change (e.g., instantaneous, substantially instantaneous, and / or over a specified time period) may be considered an event. In some implementations, the event may include: (1) the strongest beam in a set of monitored beam pairs is better than (or exceeds) a threshold; (2) the strongest beam in a set of monitored beam pairs is worse than (or below) a threshold; (3) all monitored beam pairs become weaker than a threshold (which may be considered a panic event); (4) adjacent beams are better than a threshold (TN) within a trigger time (TTT) period, where TN may differ between adjacent beam measurements based on CSI-RS configuration and general beam measurements based on SSB, and TTT may differ for different beam categories; (5) within a time lag TTT, the serving beam is worse than a first threshold (TH1) and adjacent beams exceed a second threshold (TH2) (e.g.) For example, optimal beam switching (discussed in more detail below); (6) the serving beam quality decreases continuously (or substantially continuously) in the last N1 configured measurement periods with a step size greater than T1, and the adjacent beam quality increases continuously (or substantially continuously) in the last N2 configured measurement periods with a step size greater than T2 (e.g., beam quality changes with trend detection, discussed in more detail below); and / or (7) asymmetric (e.g., not opposite to each other) UL and DL beams (e.g., based on the UL quality observed at the UE, which may include probe reference failure, random access failure, negative acknowledgment on the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and / or loss of real-time transport protocol on the UL).

[0113] For example, in some implementations, the event may include optimal beam switching, wherein within a time lag TTT, the serving beam is inferior to a first threshold (TH1) and the adjacent beam exceeds a second threshold (TH2). In some implementations, the adjacent beam may include beams configured by a base station such as gNB 106 for a UE, such as UE 106, to monitor according to CSI-RS. In some implementations, the adjacent beam may (also) include beams from SSB measurements, which may not be mandatory for the UE to perform. In some implementations, TH2 and TTT may differ for beams configured by the base station for the UE to monitor according to CSI-RS and for beams based on SSB measurements. It should be noted that, generally, TH2 may be higher and TTT longer for beams based on SSB measurements compared to beams based on CSI-RS measurements.

[0114] For example, an event may include a beam quality change with trend detection, wherein the serving beam quality decreases continuously (or substantially continuously) over the last N1 configured measurement periods with a step size greater than T1, and the adjacent beam quality increases continuously (or substantially continuously) over the last N2 configured measurement periods with a step size greater than T2. ​​It should be noted that in some embodiments, T1 and T2 may be the same (or different), and similarly, N1 and N2 may be the same (or different). In some embodiments, an event may be considered as multiple events; for example, the first event may be a decrease in the serving beam, and the second event may be an improvement in the adjacent beam. In some embodiments, the purpose of trend detection may be to trigger an early beam switching, so the N1 time measurement periodicity may be substantially less than the TTT in the optimal beam switching event described above. It should be noted that in some embodiments, an event may be combined with an optimal beam event having a separate beam quality measurement configuration.

[0115] For example, Figure 13 The diagram illustrates beam event detection according to some embodiments. As shown, the current beam 1304 may degrade rapidly at a first time point and slowly at a second time point. Furthermore, the adjacent beam 1302 may improve rapidly at the first time point and slowly at the second time point. Therefore, at the second time point, the optimal beam switching event 1320 can help detect and resolve slow beam changes with large variations, such as the difference in beam quality between beams 1302 and 1304. It should be noted that in this case, after beam 1302 has exceeded threshold TH2 and beam 1304 has fallen below threshold TH1, the triggering time can delay the switch from beam 1304 to beam 1302 for a period of time. However, the optimal beam switching event 1320 may not be ideal for rapid beam changes with small variations. Therefore, beam quality changes with a trend detection event 1310 can help detect and resolve rapid beam changes with low variations, such as those caused by UE mobility. It should be noted that in this case, a rapid degradation of the beam quality of beam 1304 (e.g., greater than T1) can be detected at multiple time points and can correspond to a rapid increase in the beam quality of beam 1302 (e.g., greater than T2) at the same time point, thereby triggering event 1310.

[0116] Figure 14 A block diagram illustrating an example of a method for beam quality management according to some implementation schemes is shown. Figure 14 The method shown can be used in conjunction with any of the systems or devices shown in the above figures, as well as other devices. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be executed concurrently in a different order than that shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be executed as needed. As shown, the method operates as follows.

[0117] At 1402, user equipment such as UE 106 (or the UE's circuitry, such as cellular communication circuitry 330) can perform beam quality measurements. Beam quality measurements can be performed according to one or more beam quality measurement configurations. In some embodiments, beam quality measurements can be performed using one or more reference signals (RS) received from a base station serving the UE (such as gNB 102 / 604) (or relative to such reference signals). The reference signals can be based at least in part on channel state information (CSI) (e.g., the reference signals may include periodic CSI-RS (P-CSI-RS) and / or semi-persistent CSI-RS (SP-CSI-RS)) and / or synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) and other types of reference symbols. In some embodiments, beam quality measurements can be performed periodically and / or in response to events (e.g., non-periodicly). In other words, the UE can perform beam quality measurements periodically and / or the UE can perform event-based beam quality measurements. In some implementations, the event that triggers the execution of event-based beam quality measurements may include any of the following: (by the UE or its circuitry) detecting that the strongest beam in a set of monitored beam pairs exceeds a threshold; (by the UE or its circuitry) detecting that the strongest beam in a set of monitored beam pairs falls below a threshold; (by the UE or its circuitry) detecting that all monitored beam pairs become weaker than a threshold; (by the UE or its circuitry) detecting that adjacent beams are better than a threshold (TN) during the TTT time; (by the UE or its circuitry) detecting that... If, within a time lag (TTT), the serving beam quality is inferior to a first threshold (TH1) and the adjacent beam quality exceeds a second threshold (TH2), the serving beam quality is detected to decrease continuously (or substantially continuously) in the last N1 configured measurement periods with a step size greater than T1, and the adjacent beam quality is detected to increase continuously (or substantially continuously) in the last N2 configured measurement periods with a step size greater than T2, and / or asymmetric (e.g., non-opposite) UL and DL beams are detected based on the UL quality observed at the UE (by the UE or the UE's circuitry).

[0118] At 1404, the UE (or its circuitry) may determine a recommended beam quality measurement configuration based at least in part on beam quality measurements. In some embodiments, the recommended beam quality measurement configuration may also be based at least in part on (or alternatively on) conditions at the UE. In other words, the recommended beam quality measurement configuration may be based at least in part on environmental conditions measured by the UE (or at the UE) (and / or fed back to the UE's circuitry, for example, via motion sensors included on the UE). For example, conditions related to beam quality management may include any of the following: detected Doppler shift, changes in Doppler spread, motion detection, rotation detection, changes in Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP), trends in L1-RSRP changes, and / or detection of obstruction of at least one antenna of the UE. In some embodiments, the recommended beam quality measurement configuration may include a periodic measurement configuration index and / or one of a set of measurement parameters associated with the recommended beam quality measurement configuration.

[0119] At position 1406, the UE (or its circuitry) may transmit a recommended beam quality measurement configuration to the base station serving the UE. In some embodiments, the UE may transmit the recommended beam quality measurement configuration via a Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE). In some embodiments, the UE may transmit the recommended beam quality measurement configuration via a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message. In some embodiments, the UE may transmit the recommended beam quality measurement configuration via a short format (e.g., according to 5G NR RAT) Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) frame or subframe.

[0120] At 1408, the UE may receive instructions from the base station regarding beam quality measurement configuration. In some embodiments, the instructions regarding beam quality measurement configuration may be at least partially based on recommendations received from the UE. In some embodiments, the instructions may include activating at least one beam quality measurement configuration, deactivating the at least one beam quality measurement configuration, and / or modifying the at least one beam quality measurement configuration.

[0121] Figure 15 A block diagram illustrating another example of a method for beam quality management according to some implementation schemes is shown. Figure 15 The method shown can be used in conjunction with any of the systems or devices shown in the above figures, as well as other devices. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be executed concurrently in a different order than that shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be executed as needed. As shown, the method operates as follows.

[0122] At 1502, a base station such as gNB 102 / 604 may receive a recommended beam quality measurement configuration from a user equipment device such as UE 106 served by that base station. The recommended beam quality measurement configuration may be at least partially based on beam quality measurements performed by the UE. In some embodiments, the UE may perform beam quality measurements according to one or more beam quality measurement configurations. In some embodiments, beam quality measurements may use one or more reference signals (RS) transmitted from the base station to the UE (or performed relative to such reference signals (RS)). The reference signals may be at least partially based on channel state information (CSI) (e.g., the reference signals may include periodic CSI-RS (P-CSI-RS) and / or semi-persistent CSI-RS (SP-CSI-RS)) and / or synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) and other types of reference symbols. In some embodiments, beam quality measurements may be performed periodically and / or in response to events (e.g., non-periodicly). In other words, the UE may perform beam quality measurements periodically and / or the UE may perform event-based beam quality measurements. In some implementations, the event that triggers the execution of event-based beam quality measurements may include any of the following: (by the UE or its circuitry) detecting that the strongest beam in a set of monitored beam pairs exceeds a threshold; (by the UE or its circuitry) detecting that the strongest beam in a set of monitored beam pairs falls below a threshold; (by the UE or its circuitry) detecting that all monitored beam pairs become weaker than a threshold; (by the UE or its circuitry) detecting that adjacent beams are better than a threshold (TN) during the TTT time; (by the UE or its circuitry) detecting that... If, within a time lag (TTT), the serving beam quality is inferior to a first threshold (TH1) and the adjacent beam quality exceeds a second threshold (TH2), the serving beam quality is detected to decrease continuously (or substantially continuously) in the last N1 configured measurement periods with a step size greater than T1, and the adjacent beam quality is detected to increase continuously (or substantially continuously) in the last N2 configured measurement periods with a step size greater than T2, and / or asymmetric (e.g., non-opposite) UL and DL beams are detected based on the UL quality observed at the UE (by the UE or the UE's circuitry).

[0123] In some implementations, the recommended beam quality measurement configuration may also be based at least in part on (or alternatively on) conditions at the UE. In other words, the recommended beam quality measurement configuration may be based at least in part on environmental conditions measured by the UE (or at the UE) (and / or fed back to the UE, for example, via circuitry included on the UE via motion sensors). For example, conditions related to beam quality management may include any of the following: detected Doppler shift, changes in Doppler spread, motion detection, rotation detection, changes in Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP), trends in L1-RSRP changes, and / or detection of obstruction to at least one antenna of the UE. In some implementations, the recommended beam quality measurement configuration may include a periodic measurement configuration index and / or one of a set of measurement parameters associated with the recommended beam quality measurement configuration.

[0124] In some implementations, the recommended beam quality measurement configuration may be received via a Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE). In some implementations, the recommended beam quality measurement configuration may be received via a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message. In some implementations, the recommended beam quality measurement configuration may be received via a short format (e.g., according to 5G NR RAT) Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) frame or subframe.

[0125] At point 1504, the base station may transmit instructions to the UE regarding beam quality measurement configuration. In some embodiments, the instructions regarding beam quality measurement configuration may be at least partially based on recommendations received from the UE. In some embodiments, the instructions may include activating at least one beam quality measurement configuration, deactivating the at least one beam quality measurement configuration, and / or modifying the at least one beam quality measurement configuration.

[0126] Other implementation plans

[0127] In some implementations, a user equipment (UE) (or the UE's baseband processor, processor, integrated circuit, and / or radio components, or devices associated with the UE) may perform a method comprising:

[0128] Perform one or more of periodic beam quality measurements and / or event-based beam quality measurements;

[0129] The recommended beam quality measurement configuration is determined at least in part based on one or more of periodic beam quality measurements and / or event-based beam quality measurements.

[0130] Transmit the recommended beam quality measurement configuration to the base station serving the UE; and

[0131] Receive instructions from the base station regarding beam quality measurement configurations, wherein these instructions include a first instruction for activating at least one beam quality measurement configuration, wherein these instructions are at least partially based on a recommended beam quality measurement configuration.

[0132] In some embodiments, these instructions may further include a second instruction for deactivating at least one beam quality measurement configuration. In some embodiments, the instructions may further include a third instruction for modifying at least one beam quality measurement configuration.

[0133] In some implementations, one or more of periodic beam quality measurements and / or event-based beam quality measurements may be performed relative to CSI-RS and / or SSB.

[0134] In some implementations, determining the recommended beam quality measurement configuration may also be based, at least in part, on conditions at the UE. In some implementations, these conditions may include at least one of the following (and / or any one of the following or any combination of all and / or the following):

[0135] Doppler shift;

[0136] Doppler extension;

[0137] Motion detection;

[0138] Rotation detection;

[0139] Changes in L1-RSRP;

[0140] The trend of L1-RSRP; and / or

[0141] Blocking the antenna of the UE.

[0142] In some implementations, transmitting the recommended beam quality measurement configuration may include transmitting the recommended beam quality measurement configuration via MACCE, short PUCCH, and / or RRC messages.

[0143] In some embodiments, one or more of periodic beam quality measurements and / or event-based beam quality measurements may be performed in response to the detection of an event. In some embodiments, the event may include at least one of the following (and / or any one of the following or any combination of all and / or the following):

[0144] A group of monitored beam pairs was detected to have the strongest beam in the link exceeding the threshold.

[0145] A group of monitored beam pairs was detected to have their strongest beam in the link drop below a threshold.

[0146] All monitored beam pairs were detected to be weaker than the threshold.

[0147] It was detected that the adjacent beam was better than the threshold (TN) within the TTT time.

[0148] It was detected that the serving beam was inferior to the first threshold (TH1) and the adjacent beam exceeded the second threshold (TH2) within the time lag TTT.

[0149] The serving beam quality was detected to decrease continuously (or substantially continuously) with a step size greater than T1 in the last N1 configured measurement periods, and the adjacent beam quality was detected to increase continuously (or substantially continuously) with a step size greater than T2 in the last N2 configured measurement periods; and / or

[0150] Based on the UL quality observed at the UE, asymmetric UL beams and DL beams were detected.

[0151] In some implementations, recommended beam quality measurement configurations may include one of the following (and / or any one of the following or all and / or any combination of the following):

[0152] Periodic measurement configuration index; and / or

[0153] A set of measurement parameters associated with the recommended beam quality measurement configuration.

[0154] In some implementations, a base station (or its baseband processor, processor, integrated circuit, and / or radio components, or devices associated with the base station) may perform a method comprising:

[0155] Receive a recommended beam quality measurement configuration from a user equipment (UE) served by a base station, wherein the recommended beam quality measurement configuration is based at least in part on one or more of periodic beam quality measurements and / or event-based beam quality measurements performed by the UE; and

[0156] Instructions are transmitted to the UE regarding beam quality measurement configurations, wherein these instructions include a first instruction for activating at least one beam quality measurement configuration, wherein these instructions are at least partially based on a recommended beam quality measurement configuration.

[0157] In some embodiments, these instructions may further include a second instruction for deactivating at least one beam quality measurement configuration. In some embodiments, the instructions may further include a third instruction for modifying at least one beam quality measurement configuration. In some embodiments, the beam quality measurement may be relative to CSI-RS and / or SSB.

[0158] In some implementations, it is recommended that the recommendations also be based at least in part on conditions at the UE. In some implementations, these conditions may include at least one of the following (and / or any one of the following or all and / or any combination of the following):

[0159] Doppler shift;

[0160] Doppler extension;

[0161] Motion detection;

[0162] Rotation detection;

[0163] Changes in L1-RSRP;

[0164] The trend of L1-RSRP; and / or

[0165] Blocking the antenna of the UE.

[0166] In some implementations, receiving the recommended beam quality measurement configuration may include receiving the recommended beam quality measurement configuration via MACCE, short PUCCH, and / or RRC messages.

[0167] In some implementations, recommended beam quality measurement configurations may include one of the following (and / or any one or all and / or any combination of the following):

[0168] Periodic measurement configuration index; and

[0169] A set of measurement parameters associated with the recommended beam quality measurement configuration.

[0170] Embodiments of this disclosure may be implemented in any of a variety of forms. For example, some embodiments may be implemented as computer-implemented methods, computer-readable storage media, or computer systems. Other embodiments may be implemented using one or more custom-designed hardware devices such as ASICs. Other embodiments may be implemented using one or more programmable hardware elements such as FPGAs.

[0171] In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be configured to store program instructions and / or data, wherein if the program instructions are executed by a computer system, the computer system performs a method, such as any method embodiment of the method embodiments described herein, or any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or any subset or combination of any such subset of any method embodiments described herein.

[0172] In some implementations, the device (e.g., UE 106) may be configured to include a processor (or a set of processors) and a memory medium, wherein the memory medium stores program instructions, and the processor is configured to read from and execute the program instructions from the memory medium, wherein the program instructions are executable to implement any of the various method implementations described herein (or any combination of the method implementations described herein, or any subset of any of the method implementations described herein, or any combination of such subsets). The device may be implemented in any of a variety of forms.

[0173] Although the above embodiments have been described in considerable detail, many variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the disclosure is fully understood. This disclosure is intended to render the following claims as encompassing all such variations and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for beam quality measurement configuration, comprising: Base station The user equipment (UE) served by the base station receives a recommended beam quality measurement configuration, wherein the recommended beam quality measurement configuration is determined at least in part based on one or more of periodic beam quality measurements and event-based beam quality measurements performed by the UE. as well as Send an instruction to the UE regarding the recommended beam quality measurement configuration, wherein the instruction includes a first instruction for activating at least one beam quality measurement configuration, wherein the instruction is at least partially based on the recommended beam quality measurement configuration.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the instructions further include a second instruction for deactivating at least one beam quality measurement configuration.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the instructions further include a second instruction for modifying at least one beam quality measurement configuration.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more periodic beam quality measurements and event-based beam quality measurements performed by the UE are for the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS).

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more periodic beam quality measurements and event-based beam quality measurements performed by the UE are for a synchronization signal block (SSB).

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the recommended beam quality measurement configuration is also based at least in part on conditions at the UE.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the condition at the UE includes at least one of the following: Doppler shift; Doppler extension; Motion detection; or Rotation detection.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the condition at the UE includes at least one of the following: Changes in L1-RSRP; The trend of L1-RSRP; or Blocking the antenna of the UE.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the recommended beam quality measurement configuration includes the base station receiving the recommended beam quality measurement configuration via a Medium Access Control (MAC) control element (CE).

10. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the recommended beam quality measurement configuration includes the base station receiving the recommended beam quality measurement configuration via a short physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) message.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the recommended beam quality measurement configuration includes the base station receiving the recommended beam quality measurement configuration via a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more periodic beam quality measurements and event-based beam quality measurements performed by the UE are in response to the detection of an event detected by the UE.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the event comprises at least one of the following: A group of monitored beam pairs was detected where the strongest beam in the link exceeded a first threshold; or The strongest beam in the monitored beam pair link was detected to have dropped below the second threshold.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the event includes detecting that all monitored beam pairs become weaker than a threshold.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the event comprises at least one of the following: The adjacent beam was detected to be better than the threshold during the trigger time TTT. It was detected that the serving beam was inferior to a first threshold and the adjacent beam exceeded a second threshold within the time lag TTT.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the event comprises at least one of the following: The serving beam quality is detected to continuously decrease in steps greater than a first threshold during the last first specified number of configured measurement periods, and the adjacent beam quality is detected to continuously increase in steps greater than a second threshold during the last second specified number of configured measurement periods; or Based on the uplink quality observed at the UE, asymmetric uplink and downlink beams were detected.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein the recommended beam quality measurement configuration includes a periodic measurement configuration index.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein the recommended beam quality measurement configuration includes a set of measurement parameters associated with the recommended beam quality measurement configuration.

19. A base station, comprising: At least one antenna; At least one radio component, wherein the at least one radio component is configured to perform cellular communication using at least one radio access technology (RAT); One or more processors, said one or more processors being coupled to said at least one radio component, wherein said one or more processors and said at least one radio component are configured to perform communication; The one or more processors are configured to cause the base station to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. A computer program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

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