A tractor-mounted transplanting machine and a working method thereof

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of tractor transplanting machine and its working method, belong to agricultural transplanting technical field.The existing transplanting machine cannot carry out hole forming, fertilization, watering and transplanting simultaneously.The problems are solved.It includes seedling tray frame, transplanting boat, water injection mechanism, hole forming mechanism, fertilization mechanism, frame body and drive wheel, seedling tray frame is installed on the frame body, the head of frame body is provided with fertilization mechanism, water tank is arranged between seedling tray frame and fertilization mechanism, water tank is installed on the frame body, water injection mechanism and hole forming mechanism are sequentially installed at the bottom of frame body, water injection mechanism is connected with water tank, hole forming mechanism is arranged below fertilization mechanism, transplanting boat is installed at the tail of frame body, drive wheel is installed at the center position of frame body bottom.It is mainly used for tobacco seedling transplanting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural transplanting technology, and in particular relates to a traction transplanter and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of society and economy and the improvement of agricultural technology, crop transplanting technology is an important method to increase crop yield. The development of transplanting machinery is a means to solve problems such as labor shortages, tight transplanting time, and high labor intensity. The development of seedling transplanting machinery is receiving increasing attention. Currently, there are two main types of transplanting machinery: duckbill transplanters and chain clamp transplanters. Duckbill transplanters are suitable for transplanting potted seedlings, while chain clamp transplanters involve processes such as trenching, seedling placement, soil covering, straightening, and compaction. They are not suitable for transplanting soft bare-root seedlings. Furthermore, neither of these two types of transplanters can simultaneously perform hole preparation, fertilization, watering, and transplanting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a traction transplanter and its working method to solve the problem that existing transplanters cannot simultaneously perform hole preparation, fertilization, watering and transplanting.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A towed transplanter, connected to a towing device, includes a seedling tray frame, a transplanting boat, a watering mechanism, a hole-forming mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, a frame body, and drive wheels. The seedling tray frame is mounted on the frame body. The fertilizing mechanism is installed at the head of the frame body. A water tank is provided between the seedling tray frame and the fertilizing mechanism and is mounted on the frame body. The watering mechanism and the hole-forming mechanism are sequentially installed at the bottom of the frame body. The watering mechanism is connected to the water tank. The hole-forming mechanism is located below the fertilizing mechanism. The transplanting boat is installed at the tail of the frame body. Drive wheels are installed at the center of the bottom of the frame body.

[0006] Furthermore, the head of the frame is evenly distributed with multiple fertilization mechanisms, and each fertilization mechanism is provided with a hole-forming mechanism below it.

[0007] Furthermore, the cavity-forming mechanism includes a cavity-forming shovel, a crankshaft, a connecting rod, a parallel connecting rod, an output chain, and an output shaft. The output shaft is mounted on the frame and is connected to the crankshaft via the output chain. One end of the parallel connecting rod is mounted on the frame and connected to the crankshaft. The other end of the connecting rod is connected to the end of the parallel connecting rod away from the frame. The cavity-forming shovel is connected to the parallel connecting rod.

[0008] Furthermore, a positioning plate is installed at the end of the crankshaft, and the positioning plate is provided with a positioning groove, which is connected to the positioning rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the end face of the cavity-forming shovel is evenly distributed with multiple adjustment holes, and the cavity-forming shovel is fixed to the connector of the parallel connecting rod by adjusting bolts passing through the adjustment holes.

[0010] Furthermore, the fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizer box, a fertilization shaft, and a lower fertilizer pipe. The lower fertilizer pipe is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box, and the fertilizer box is installed on top of the frame. The fertilization shaft is connected to the crank shaft via a first chain drive, and the fertilization shaft is connected to the fertilizer applicator inside the fertilizer box.

[0011] Furthermore, the water injection mechanism includes a camshaft, a connecting component, a cam, a linkage assembly, a shut-off valve, and a push rod. The camshaft is connected to the crankshaft via a second chain drive. The cam is mounted on the camshaft and contacts the connecting component. One end of the linkage assembly is connected to the connecting component, and the other end of the linkage assembly is connected to the push rod. The push rod is connected to the bottom end of the shut-off valve, and the shut-off valve is installed at the outlet end of the water tank's outlet pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, a crescent plate is mounted on the side end of the cam.

[0013] Furthermore, the transplanter boat is provided in three parts, one of which is hinged to the second connecting plate, and the other two transplanter boats are both hinged to the first connecting plate. One end of the first connecting plate is hinged to one end of the second connecting plate, and the second connecting plate and the first connecting plate are both installed at the rear of the frame.

[0014] Furthermore, a method for operating a traction transplanter includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Connect the transplanter to the traction device;

[0016] Step 2: Activate the pit-forming mechanism, and use the pit-forming shovel to cyclically press down and push forward on the ridge to form pits;

[0017] Step 3: While the pit is being formed, fertilizer is applied into the pit using a fertilization device;

[0018] Step 4: The transplanter continues to move forward, injecting water into the planting holes via the water injection mechanism:

[0019] Step 5: The workers sit inside the transplanting boat, take the seedlings from the seedling trays, and then transplant them.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. This invention can realize four functions—hole formation, fertilization, watering, and transplanting—through a hole-forming mechanism, a fertilization mechanism, and a watering mechanism.

[0022] 2. This invention allows for simultaneous operation of three rows, with hole preparation, watering, fertilization, and transplanting completed concurrently. The operation is stable, resulting in a high seedling survival rate and high work efficiency.

[0023] 3. The hole-forming shovel of the present invention is provided with an adjustment hole, which can adjust the height of the hole-forming shovel according to the ridge height so that the hole reaches the required depth.

[0024] 4. This invention achieves intermittent opening and closing of the shut-off valve through the reciprocating motion of the push rod, thereby achieving precise water injection into the pit. Furthermore, the water injection volume can be adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the crescent plate on the cam. The less overlap between the crescent plate and the cam, the greater the water injection volume, and vice versa. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a traction transplanter according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a side view of a traction transplanter according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity-forming mechanism;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilization mechanism;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cavity-forming mechanism and the water injection mechanism;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the water injection mechanism;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the cam and the crescent plate.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a top view of a traction transplanter;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the positioning plate and the positioning rod.

[0035] 1-Seedling tray frame, 2-Transplanting boat, 3-Watering mechanism, 4-Hole-forming mechanism, 5-Fertilizing mechanism, 6-Frame body, 7-Drive wheel, 8-Crankshaft, 9-Connecting rod, 10-Parallel connecting rod, 11-Output chain, 12-Output shaft, 13-Fertilizer box, 14-Fertilizing shaft, 15-Lower fertilizer pipe, 16-Camshaft, 17-Connecting component, 18-Cam, 19-Linkage assembly, 20-Shut-off valve, 21-Top rod, 22-Adjusting hole, 23-Hole-forming shovel, 24-Crescent plate, 25-First connecting plate, 26-Second connecting plate, 27-Positioning rod, 28-Positioning disc. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0037] Specific Implementation Method 1: The transplanter in this embodiment and the following embodiments is used for transplanting tobacco seedlings. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1-6 This embodiment describes a traction transplanter, which is connected to a traction device. It includes a seedling tray frame 1, a transplanting boat 2, a watering mechanism 3, a hole-forming mechanism 4, a fertilizing mechanism 5, a frame body 6, and drive wheels 7. The seedling tray frame 1 is mounted on the frame body 6. The fertilizing mechanism 5 is mounted at the head of the frame body 6. A water tank is provided between the seedling tray frame 1 and the fertilizing mechanism 5, and the water tank is mounted on the frame body 6. The watering mechanism 3 and the hole-forming mechanism 4 are sequentially mounted at the bottom of the frame body 6. The watering mechanism 3 is connected to the water tank. The hole-forming mechanism 4 is located below the fertilizing mechanism 5. The transplanting boat 2 is mounted at the tail of the frame body 6. Drive wheels 7 are mounted at the center of the bottom of the frame body 6.

[0038] During operation, the transplanter is connected to the traction equipment, and the hole-forming mechanism 4 is activated. The hole-forming shovel 23 performs a cyclic pressing and forward pushing action on the ridge to form holes. At the same time as forming holes, fertilizer is put into the holes through the fertilization mechanism 5. The transplanter continues to move forward, and water is injected into the holes through the water injection mechanism 3. The operator sits in the transplanting boat 2, takes the seedlings from the seedling tray 1, and then transplants them.

[0039] Furthermore, the head of the frame 6 is evenly distributed with multiple fertilization mechanisms 5, and each fertilization mechanism 5 is provided with a hole-forming mechanism 4 below it. The hole-forming mechanism 4 includes a hole-forming shovel 23, a crankshaft 8, a connecting rod 9, a parallel connecting rod 10, an output chain 11, and an output shaft 12. The output shaft 12 is mounted on the frame 6, and the output shaft 12 is connected to the crankshaft 8 through the output chain 11. One end of the parallel connecting rod 10 is mounted on the frame 6, one end of the connecting rod 9 is connected to the crankshaft 8, and the other end of the connecting rod 9 is connected to the end of the parallel connecting rod 10 away from the frame 6. The hole-forming shovel 23 is connected to the parallel connecting rod 10.

[0040] The tobacco field is ridged and the planting holes are made in three rows with a spacing of about 500mm between holes. The crankshaft 8 drives the hole-making shovel 23 to press down and push forward on the ridge in a cyclical manner, forming a hole with a width of 150mm and a depth of 150mm. A mound of soil about 100mm high is formed at the front and sides of the hole to raise the distance between the mulch film and the tobacco seedlings, expanding the growth space of the tobacco seedlings during the mulching period. The three rows are operated at the same time, and the hole making, watering, fertilization and transplanting are completed simultaneously. The work is stable, the seedling survival rate is high and the work efficiency is high.

[0041] In this embodiment, the power source is the tractor pulling the transplanter wheels to rotate. Power is taken from one wheel of the transplanter and transmitted to the output shaft 12 through the right-angle gearbox. The output shaft 12 transmits the power to the crankshaft 8 through the output chain 11. The crankshaft 8 then transmits the power to the fertilizer shaft 14 and the camshaft 16 that drives the watering action through the chain drive.

[0042] Specific Implementation Method Two: See Figure 9 In this embodiment, a positioning plate 28 is installed at the end of the crankshaft 8. The positioning plate 28 is provided with a positioning groove, which is connected to the positioning rod 27. When the transplanter is being transported, the clutch must be disengaged. The hole-forming shovel 23 is then raised to a high position using the rocker arm, and the positioning rod 27 is inserted into the positioning groove of the positioning plate 28. This ensures that the hole-forming shovel 23 does not contact the ground during the transport of the transplanter, thus preventing wear on the hole-forming shovel 23 when the transplanter is moving.

[0043] Specific implementation method three: See Figure 5 In this embodiment, the end face of the pit-forming shovel 23 is evenly distributed with multiple adjustment holes 22. The pit-forming shovel 23 is fixed to the connector of the parallel connecting rod 10 by adjusting bolts passing through the adjustment holes 22. Thus, the height of the pit-forming shovel 23 can be adjusted according to the ridging height so that the pit reaches the required depth.

[0044] Detailed Implementation Method Four: See [link] Figure 4In this embodiment, the fertilization mechanism 5 includes a fertilizer box 13, a fertilization shaft 14, and a lower fertilizer pipe 15. The lower fertilizer pipe 15 is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box 13. The fertilizer box 13 is installed above the frame 6. The fertilization shaft 14 is connected to the crank shaft 8 via a first chain drive. The fertilization shaft 14 is connected to the fertilizer applicator inside the fertilizer box 13. By rotating the crank shaft 8, the fertilization shaft 14 is rotated via the first chain drive, thereby driving the fertilizer applicator to work and apply fertilizer to the pit at a fixed point.

[0045] Specific implementation method five: See Figure 5-6 This embodiment describes the water injection mechanism 3, which includes a camshaft 16, a connecting component 17, a cam 18, a linkage assembly 19, a shut-off valve 20, and a push rod 21. The camshaft 16 is connected to the crankshaft 8 via a second chain drive. The cam 18 is mounted on the camshaft 16 and contacts the connecting component 17. One end of the linkage assembly 19 is connected to the connecting component 17, and the other end is connected to the push rod 21. The push rod 21 is connected to the bottom end of the shut-off valve 20. The shut-off valve 20 is installed at the outlet end of the water tank's outlet pipe. The crankshaft 8 rotates, and the second chain drive drives the camshaft 16 to rotate, which in turn causes the cam 18 to rotate. The cam 18 pushes the connecting component 17 and the linkage assembly 19 to move up and down reciprocally, thereby causing the push rod 21 to move up and down reciprocally, achieving intermittent opening and closing of the shut-off valve 20, thus achieving precise water injection into the pit.

[0046] Specific implementation method six: See Figure 7 In this embodiment, a crescent plate 24 is installed on the side of the cam 18. The water injection volume can be adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the crescent plate 24 on the cam 18. The less overlap between the cam 18 and the crescent plate 24, the greater the water injection volume, and vice versa.

[0047] Detailed implementation method seven: See Figure 8 In this embodiment, three transplanter boats 2 are provided. One transplanter boat 2 is hinged to the second connecting plate 26, and the other two transplanter boats 2 are both hinged to the first connecting plate 25. One end of the first connecting plate 25 is hinged to one end of the second connecting plate 26. The second connecting plate 26 and the first connecting plate 25 are both installed at the rear of the frame 6. During transportation, in order to reduce the width, one side of the transplanter boat 2 can be flipped and folded through the second connecting plate 26 and locked with a wire rope, thereby saving transportation space. Then, the other two transplanter boats 2 can be folded relative to the first connecting plate 25, reducing the length of the transplanter boat in the transportation state.

[0048] Detailed Implementation Method Eight: See also Figure 1-2 This embodiment describes a method for operating a traction transplanter, which includes the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Connect the transplanter to the traction device;

[0050] Step 2: Activate the pit-forming mechanism 4, and use the pit-forming shovel 23 to perform a cyclical downward and forward pushing action on the ridge to form pits;

[0051] Step 3: While the pit is being formed, fertilizer is applied into the pit using the fertilizer application mechanism 5;

[0052] Step 4: The transplanter continues to move forward, and water is injected into the planting holes via the water injection mechanism 3:

[0053] Step 5: The operator sits in the transplanting boat 2, takes the seedlings from the seedling tray 1, and then transplants them.

[0054] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A traction transplanter, wherein the transplanter is connected to a traction device, characterized in that: The system includes a seedling tray frame (1), a transplanting boat (2), a watering mechanism (3), a planting hole formation mechanism (4), a fertilization mechanism (5), a frame (6), and drive wheels (7). The seedling tray frame (1) is mounted on the frame (6). The fertilization mechanism (5) is mounted on the head of the frame (6). A water tank is provided between the seedling tray frame (1) and the fertilization mechanism (5). The water tank is mounted on the frame (6). The watering mechanism (3) and the planting hole formation mechanism (4) are sequentially mounted on the bottom of the frame (6). The water tank is connected, the hole-forming mechanism (4) is located below the fertilizer application mechanism (5), the transplanting boat (2) is installed at the tail of the frame (6), and a drive wheel (7) is installed at the center of the bottom of the frame (6). The hole-forming mechanism (4) includes a hole-forming shovel (23), a crankshaft (8), a connecting rod (9), a parallel connecting rod (10), an output chain (11), and an output shaft (12). The output shaft (12) is installed on the frame (6), and the output shaft (12) and the crankshaft (8) are connected by the output chain (11). 1) Transmission connection: One end of the parallel connecting rod (10) is mounted on the frame (6), one end of the connecting rod (9) is connected to the crankshaft (8), and the other end of the connecting rod (9) is connected to the end of the parallel connecting rod (10) away from the frame (6). The shovel (23) is connected to the parallel connecting rod (10). The water injection mechanism (3) includes a camshaft (16), a connecting component (17), a cam (18), a linkage assembly (19), a shut-off valve (20), and a push rod (21). The camshaft (16) and The crankshaft (8) is connected by a second chain drive. The cam (18) is mounted on the camshaft (16). The cam (18) is in contact with the connecting part (17). One end of the linkage assembly (19) is connected to the connecting part (17). The other end of the linkage assembly (19) is connected to the push rod (21). The push rod (21) is connected to the bottom end of the shut-off valve (20). The shut-off valve (20) is installed at the outlet end of the water tank's outlet pipe. A crescent plate (24) is installed on the side end of the cam (18).

2. The traction transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head of the frame (6) is evenly distributed with multiple fertilization mechanisms (5), and each fertilization mechanism (5) is provided with a hole-forming mechanism (4) below it.

3. A traction transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crankshaft (8) is equipped with a positioning plate (28) at its end. The positioning plate (28) has a positioning groove, which is connected to the positioning rod (27).

4. A traction transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end face of the hole-forming shovel (23) is evenly distributed with multiple adjustment holes (22), and the hole-forming shovel (23) is fixed to the connector of the parallel connecting rod (10) by adjusting bolts passing through the adjustment holes (22).

5. A traction transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization mechanism (5) includes a fertilizer box (13), a fertilization shaft (14), and a lower fertilizer pipe (15). The lower fertilizer pipe (15) is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box (13). The fertilizer box (13) is installed above the frame (6). The fertilization shaft (14) is connected to the crank shaft (8) via a first chain drive. The fertilization shaft (14) is connected to the fertilizer applicator inside the fertilizer box (13).

6. A traction transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transplanting boat (2) is provided in three parts. One transplanting boat (2) is hinged to the second connecting plate (26), and the other two transplanting boats (2) are hinged to the first connecting plate (25). One end of the first connecting plate (25) is hinged to one end of the second connecting plate (26). The second connecting plate (26) and the first connecting plate (25) are both installed at the tail of the frame (6).

7. A method for operating a traction transplanter as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Connect the transplanter to the traction device; Step 2: Start the pit-forming mechanism (4), and use the pit-forming shovel (23) to perform cyclic pressing and forward pushing operations on the ridge to form pits; Step 3: While the pit is being formed, fertilizer is applied into the pit using the fertilization mechanism (5); Step 4: The transplanter continues to move forward and injects water into the pits through the water injection mechanism (3); Step 5: The operator sits in the transplanting boat (2), takes the seedlings from the seedling tray (1), and then transplants them.

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