A herbicidal composition for controlling resistant weeds and its application

Abstract

The present invention provides a herbicidal composition for controlling resistant weeds and its application. The herbicidal composition comprises a pesticide, clofopyralid, and an adjuvant, sijiling. The herbicidal composition is used for controlling quinclorac-resistant Echinochloa weeds in rice fields, exhibits excellent control effect of quinclorac-resistant Echinochloa weeds, can significantly reduce the dosage of the pesticide, and reduces the cost of chemical control; other resistant Echinochloa weeds and some broadleaf weeds in the rice fields are also controlled, and has basically no effect on the safety of rice.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of plant protection, and specifically relates to a herbicidal composition for controlling resistant weeds and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rice is a widely planted crop around the world and one of the most important food crops. Its output is second only to corn and wheat. About half of the world's population relies on rice as their staple food. According to statistics, in 2020, my country's total rice planting area was 30.076 million hectares, and the total rice output was 211.86 million tons, accounting for 25.76% of the country's total grain planting area and 31.64% of the country's total grain output, respectively.

[0003] Echinochloa is the most common weed in my country's major rice-producing areas. According to research, depending on the different management modes of rice fields, the occurrence of Echinochloa alone can lead to a rice yield loss rate of 21%-79%. Chemical control is currently the main way to control weeds in rice fields. The main stem and leaf herbicides used to control rice fields include dichloroquine, penoxsulam, bispyribac-sodium and metamifop-sodium, but due to continuous and single use, Echinochloa has developed resistance to these agents, especially dichloroquine, which is the most serious. At present, there have been a large number of reports on the resistance of Echinochloa weeds to dichloroquine in Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang and other places, and some Echinochloa weeds resistant to dichloroquine have developed cross-resistance to dichloroquinoline, and a small number of populations have developed multi-resistance to herbicides such as penoxsulam, bispyribac-sodium, and metamifop. Therefore, it is very difficult to control Echinochloa weeds resistant to dichloroquine in the field.

[0004] Sijiling is a silicone surfactant that has strong wetting, penetration, draping and fixation properties for waxy leaf crops. Therefore, in the prior art, Sijiling is mainly used as a special adjuvant for forest and aircraft insect control. Cloflupyralid is an auxin herbicide and is currently mainly used to control barnyard weeds and various broadleaf weeds in rice fields. Tests have shown that cloflupyralid has a good control effect on barnyard weeds resistant to quinclorac acid, and the registered dosage is 18-36g ai / hm 2 , but the disadvantage is that it is not safe for rice before the 4-leaf stage, resulting in a large leaf age of Echinochloa weeds when the drug is used, and the control effect is poor. Long-term and large-scale use will cause a series of problems such as pesticide damage to adjacent broad-leaved crops, pesticide residues, and environmental pollution. This leads to the need to pay attention to reducing the dosage when using clofopyralid to control resistant Echinochloa weeds and broad-leaved weeds in rice fields. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a new herbicide composition for controlling resistant weeds. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a herbicidal composition for controlling resistant weeds, which is used for controlling resistant weeds in rice fields while reducing the amount of pesticides used.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present invention is: a herbicidal composition for controlling resistant weeds, comprising a pesticide clofopyralid and an adjuvant sijiling.

[0007] It is further preferred that in the herbicidal composition, the dosage of the chlorpyrifos is 0.015% to 0.105% of the dosage of the drug clofopyralid.

[0008] It is further preferred that the dosage of the Sijiling is 0.03% to 0.09% of the dosage of the drug clopidogrel.

[0009] In the present invention, the dosage of Sijiling is preferably 0.06% to 0.09% of the dosage of the pharmaceutical agent. The dosage of Sijiling is more preferably 0.09% of the dosage of the pharmaceutical agent.

[0010] The present invention also provides an application of the herbicidal composition in controlling resistant weeds, wherein the resistant weeds include Echinochloa weeds and broadleaf weeds.

[0011] It is further preferred that the herbicidal composition is used for controlling quinclorac-resistant Echinochloa weeds in rice fields.

[0012] In the present invention, it is further preferred that the method for using the herbicidal composition is to use the herbicidal composition to treat the stems and leaves of weeds and rice after the rice reaches the 4-leaf stage.

[0013] The present invention is further preferably used in a method of using the herbicidal composition, after rice is at the 4-leaf stage and Echinochloa weeds are at the 4-5-leaf stage, using the herbicidal composition to treat stems and leaves of weeds and rice by spraying.

[0014] The present invention is further preferred that the dosage of the adjuvant Sijiling in the herbicidal composition is 0.09% of the dosage of the agent, and the dosage of the agent clofopyralid is ≥4.5 g ai / hm 2 When the herbicidal composition is used, the control effect of the herbicidal composition on weeds of the genus Echinochloa against quinclorac is ≥90%.

[0015] The present invention is further preferred, that is, when the dosage of the adjuvant Sijiling is 0.09% of the dosage of the herbicidal composition, the required dosage of clofopyralid is reduced by 75% to 87.5% compared with the recommended dosage, which is equivalent to the control effect of using only the recommended dosage of the agent clofopyralid.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The herbicidal composition comprising clopyralid and quinclorac-butyl provided by the present invention has a significant control effect on quinclorac-resistant Echinochloa weeds.

[0018] (2) The herbicidal composition of the present invention can achieve the purpose of reducing the amount of the pesticide clofopyralid while controlling resistant weeds, thereby reducing the cost of chemical control.

[0019] (3) The herbicidal composition provided by the present invention can also control other resistant Echinochloa weeds and most broad-leaved weeds in rice fields, thereby reducing the number of times the drug is used.

[0020] (4) The herbicidal composition provided by the present invention has no significant effect on the safety of rice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The growth conditions of Echinochloa weeds after being treated with the herbicidal composition of different Sijiling dosages in Example 1 are shown.

[0022] Figure 2 The growth conditions of Echinochloa weeds after being treated with the herbicidal composition of different clofopyralid dosages in Example 2 are shown in FIG. Figure 2 The numbers on the bid plate are the dosage of the drug per mu.

[0023] Figure 3 The figure shows the growth of rice after being treated with the herbicidal composition of different clofopyralid dosages in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0026] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0027] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present application description and examples are exemplary only.

[0028] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This example is used to detect the synergistic effect of different doses of the adjuvant Sijiling on the control of clofopyralid-butyl against quinclorac-resistant Echinochloa weeds.

[0031] This example is an indoor experiment, which was conducted at the Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences from December 2022 to February 2023.

[0032] Test agent: 3% clopidogrel EC (Corteva Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.), recommended dose is 18-36 g a.i. / hm 2 ;

[0033] Test adjuvant: Sijiling (Xingnong Co., Ltd.);

[0034] Test weeds: Echinochloa spp. (resistant to quinclorac, its GR 50 The value is 1923.1g ai / hm 2 , the relative resistance multiple is 75.8, and the seeds were collected from Songjiang District, Shanghai in October 2020).

[0035] In the experiment of this embodiment, 1 blank group and 8 test groups 1-1 to 1-8 were set. No agent was used in the blank group for treatment, and each test group was treated with a herbicidal composition of different composition compared with the blank group, wherein the herbicidal composition was composed of a mixture of clofopyralid and chlorpyrifos, wherein the dosage of clofopyralid in the test groups 1-1 to 1-8 was: 3.6 g ai / hm 2 The dosages of the adjuvant Sijiling were: 0, 0.015%, 0.03%, 0.045%, 0.06%, 0.075%, 0.09% and 0.105% of the dosage of clofopyralid respectively.

[0036] This example uses an indoor whole plant bioassay method for determination, and the specific process is as follows:

[0037] Prepare a mixed soil with a soil-fertilizer ratio of 2:1, a pH of 6.3, an organic matter content of 1.5%, and no herbicides have been used. Put the mixed soil in a small plastic box with a size of 7×7×7cm and a hole at the bottom, and add water to saturation. Select full and dormant resistant Echinochloa weed seeds, sow them according to the standard of 20 seeds per small plastic box, cover them with a layer of fine soil after sowing, and then place them in a solar-controlled greenhouse for growth. The temperature is set to 30°C for light and 25°C for darkness, and the photoperiod is 14:10h (L:D). After the resistant Echinochloa weeds emerge neatly, they are transplanted, and each pot is transplanted to 12 plants. After transplanting, continue to cultivate, and wait until the resistant Echinochloa weeds grow to the 4-leaf stage, and use different compositions of herbicidal compositions to spray the stems and leaves of each test group on January 20, 2023. The spray application was carried out using the HCL2000 walking bio-test spray table produced by Hengchuangli Intelligent Equipment Technology (Kunshan) Co., Ltd. The spray height was 35 cm, the walking speed was 240 mm / s, and the water consumption was 450 L / hm 2 Conversion; After spraying, let it stand for 12 hours to dry naturally, and then continue to grow in a solar greenhouse.

[0038] After 21 days of drug application, the fresh weight of quinclorac-resistant Echinochloa weeds in each plastic pot was measured and recorded, and the fresh weight inhibition rate was calculated. The fresh weight inhibition rate = (blank fresh weight - treatment fresh weight) / blank group fresh weight × 100%. The test results are shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 As shown, Table 1 shows the fresh weight inhibition rate of each test group. Figure 1 Shown are the occurrence of Echinochloa weeds in the control group and each test group, wherein from left to right are the control group and test groups 1-1 to 1-8, respectively.

[0039] Table 1 Effect of different doses of herbicidal combinations on controlling quinclorac-resistant Echinochloa weeds

[0040]

[0041] Note: Lowercase letters “a–f” represent significant differences at the 0.05 level using the Duncan multiple range method of SPSS software.

[0042] Combined with the test results in Table 1 and Figure 1The growth of Echinochloa weeds in the middle shows that under the conditions of the present embodiment, only the use of the agent clofopyralid does not show the inhibitory effect of resistant quinclorac acid Echinochloa weeds. When the dosage of the auxiliary agent clofopyralid is 0.015-0.105% of the dosage of clofopyralid, the herbicidal composition of each test group shows a significant effect of preventing and killing resistant quinclorac acid Echinochloa weeds, and as the dosage of the auxiliary agent clofopyralid increases, the fresh weight mass inhibition rate of the herbicidal composition against resistant quinclorac acid Echinochloa weeds increases significantly. In the present embodiment, the corresponding dosage of clofopyralid when the fresh weight mass inhibition rate is the highest is 0.09% and 0.105%. Taking into account the cost of chemical control, under indoor conditions, the optimal dosage of clofopyralid is preferably 0.09% of the dosage of clofopyralid.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This example is used to detect the effect of herbicidal compositions containing different dosages of clofopyralid on controlling quinclorac-resistant Echinochloa weeds.

[0045] The experimental process of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: in this embodiment, there are 8 control groups 2-1 to 2-8 and 8 test groups 2-9 to 2-16, and both the control group 2-1 and the test group 2-9 are blank groups without any drug. Among them, only the drug clofopyralid is used in the control group, and the dosage of clofopyralid is 0, 0.5625, 1.125, 2.25, 4.5, 9, 18, 36 g ai / hm 2 The herbicidal composition of four seasons and clofopyralid was used in all the test groups, and the dosage of four seasons in each herbicidal composition was 0.09% of the dosage of clofopyralid. The dosages of clofopyralid were also 0, 0.5625, 1.125, 2.25, 4.5, 9, 18, and 36 g ai / hm 2 The fresh weight of quinclorac-resistant Echinochloa weeds in each plastic pot was detected and recorded 21 days after the drug was applied, and the fresh weight inhibition rate was calculated.

[0046] Fresh weight inhibition rate = (blank fresh weight - treatment fresh weight) / blank fresh weight × 100%

[0047] The Logistic curve fitting equation provided by the drm function of the R software "drc" package was used to calculate the dose value (GR) of herbicides and adjuvants to achieve 50% inhibition rate of fresh weight of Echinochloa resistant weeds (GR) 50 ) and 90% dose value (GR 90 ).

[0048] The test results are shown in Table 2-3 and Figure 2 As shown, Table 2 and Table 3 respectively show the fresh weight inhibition rate of Echinochloa weeds in the control group and the test group. Figure 2 Shown is the generation of Echinochloa weeds in each control group and test group, wherein the upper 8 groups are the control group using only the herbicide clofopyralid, and the lower 8 groups are the test groups using the herbicide combination, and the dosage of clofopyralid in the control group and the test group increases from left to right.

[0049] Table 2 Effect of different doses of clofopyralid on controlling quinclorac-resistant Echinochloa weeds

[0050]

[0051] Table 3 Effect of different doses of herbicidal combinations on controlling quinclorac-resistant Echinochloa weeds

[0052]

[0053] In the above experiments, the treatment was calculated, the control group: GR 50 =3.17,GR 90 =26.52, P value <0.05; experimental group: GR 50 =1.16,GR 90 =4.21, P value <0.05.

[0054] It should be noted that the "P value" is based on the "LL.3()" logistic curve model provided by the drm function of the "drc" package of R software. The GR50 value is calculated to obtain the parameters of the validity of the reaction model. P < 0.05 indicates that the data significantly conforms to the logistic model. The lowercase letters "a-h" are the significant differences between the experimental groups "2-1" to "2-16" at the 0.05 level using the SPSS software Duncan new multiple range method.

[0055] Combined with the test results in Tables 2 and 3 and Figure 2 From the growth of barnyard weeds in each group, it can be seen that the adjuvant Sijiling itself has no inhibitory effect on quinclorac-resistant barnyard weeds, but when the best synergistic dose of the adjuvant Sijiling for cloflupyridin-butyl is 0.09%, changing the dose of cloflupyridin-butyl, the adjuvant Sijiling has a more obvious reduction effect on the control of cloflupyridin-butyl resistant barnyard weeds. In addition, by comparing the fresh weight inhibition rate of different treatments of cloflupyridin-butyl on barnyard weeds resistant to quinclorac-butyl, it was found that the herbicide composition was cloflupyridin-butyl 4.5g ai / hm 2 When the dosage of clofopyralid was 0.09%, the inhibition rate was 90.39%, which was comparable to the minimum recommended dosage (18 g ai / hm 2 ) and the highest recommended dose (36 g ai / hm 2) had no significant difference in inhibition rate between 89.33% and 91.40%. Therefore, under indoor conditions, adding the best synergistic dose of the adjuvant Sijiling reduced the recommended dose of clofopyralid by 75%–87.5%. 50 and GR 90 The results showed that at the optimal synergistic dose of the adjuvant Sijilin, clofopyralid was effective against quinclorac acid-treated Echinochloa spp. 50 and GR 90 The values ​​were significantly lower than those without additives, only 1.16 g ai / hm 2 and 4.21 g ai / hm 2 , are far below the recommended dose. Therefore, according to the results of indoor bioassays, clopidogrel 4.5g ai / hm 2 , which is 25% of the recommended low dose (18g ai / hm 2 ) Adding 0.09% of Sijiling to spray the stems and leaves can effectively control the weeds of the genus Echinochloa that are resistant to quinclorac, and the effect of the recommended dosage can be achieved.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] This example also uses an indoor test to detect the effect of the mixed use of Sijiling and clofopyralid on the safety of rice. The indoor experiment was conducted from January 2023 to February 2023 at the Institute of Ecological Environment Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0058] Test agent: 3% clofopyralid EC (Corteva Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.)

[0059] Test adjuvant: Sijiling (Xingnong Co., Ltd.)

[0060] Test crop: Hujing 137.

[0061] In this embodiment, a total of 7 test groups 3-1 to 3-7 were set up, and the dosages of the herbicidal composition agent clofopyralid in each test group were 0, 9, 18, 36, 72, 144, and 288 g ai / hm respectively. 2 The amount of the adjuvant Sijiling added is 0.09% of the dosage of the agent, and the herbicidal composition is a mixture of clofopyralid and the adjuvant Sijiling. The specific test process is:

[0062] Prepare a mixed soil with a soil-fertilizer ratio of 2:1, a pH of 6.3, an organic matter content of 1.5%, and no herbicides have been used. Put the mixed soil in a small plastic box with a size of 10cm×10cm×8.5cm and a hole at the bottom, and add water to saturation. Select full rice seeds, sow them according to the standard of 15 seeds per small plastic box, cover them with a layer of fine soil after sowing, and then grow them in a solar greenhouse, with the temperature set to 30°C for light, 25°C for darkness, and a photoperiod of 14:10h (L:D). After the rice seedlings emerge neatly, they are fixed, and each pot is fixed to 12 plants. After the seedlings are fixed, continue to cultivate, and when the rice grows to the 4.5-leaf stage, use different compositions of herbicidal compositions to spray the stems and leaves of each test group. The spray was carried out using the HCL2000 walking bioassay spray table produced by Hengchuangli Intelligent Equipment Technology (Kunshan) Co., Ltd. The spray height was 35 cm, the walking speed was 240 mm / s, and the water consumption was converted to 450 L / hm2; after spraying, the rice was left to dry naturally for 12 hours, and then continued to grow in a solar greenhouse. 21 days after the drug was applied, the above-ground parts of the rice in each treatment were cut off, the fresh weight was weighed, the fresh weight inhibition rate was calculated, and the fresh weight of the rice in each treatment was analyzed for significant differences using SPSS software. Among them:

[0063] Fresh weight inhibition rate = (blank fresh weight - treatment fresh weight) / blank fresh weight × 100%

[0064] Selectivity Index = GR 10 (Rice) / GR 90 (quinclorac-resistant Echinochloa weeds).

[0065] The results of each test group in this example are shown in Table 4 and Figure 3 Table 4 shows the effects of the different compositions of the herbicidal compositions in each test group on the fresh weight of rice seedlings at the 4.5 leaf stage. Figure 3 The growth conditions of rice in each test group are shown, and the dosage of clofopyralid in the herbicidal compositions used increases gradually from left to right.

[0066] Table 4 Effects of different dosage ratios of herbicidal compositions on fresh weight of rice seedlings at 4.5 leaf stage

[0067]

[0068] In this embodiment, GR is obtained by processing and calculation. 10(水稻) =22.70, P value <0.05, selectivity index =5.39.

[0069] It should be noted that the "P value" is based on the "LL.3()" logistic curve model provided by the drm function of the "drc" package of R software. 10 and GR 50The values ​​were used to obtain the parameters of the validity of the response model, and P < 0.05 indicated that the data significantly conformed to the Logistic model. Lowercase letters "a-c" were used to indicate the significant differences at the 0.05 level using the Duncan new multiple range method of SPSS software.

[0070] From Table 4 and Figure 3 It can be seen that cloflupyridine ester at 9, 18, 36g ai / hm 2 After the rice was treated with 0.09% of the adjuvant Sijiling at three doses, there was no significant difference in the fresh weight of the rice compared with the control group 3-1 without adding the agent and adjuvant, and the inhibition rate of the fresh weight was between ±5%; and in the experiment of this embodiment, after adding 0.09% of the adjuvant Sijiling, clofopyralid had a significant effect on the GR of rice. 10 The value is 22.70, the selectivity index of Echinochloa spp. resistant to quinclorac is 5.39, and the selectivity index is > 2. Therefore, under indoor conditions, when the dosage of clofopyralid does not exceed the recommended dosage, the adjuvant Sijiling mixed with clofopyralid has no effect on the safety of rice.

[0071] In summary, the herbicidal composition of the mixed agent of clofopyralid and the auxiliary agent of four seasons in the present invention shows an excellent resistance effect against quinclorac acid-resistant barnyard weeds, and under the action of four seasons, the use amount of the agent of clofopyralid can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing the cost of chemical control; in addition, the herbicidal composition using the auxiliary agent four seasons mixed with clofopyralid has no obvious effect on the safety of rice under the condition of not exceeding the conventional recommended dosage of the agent. This provides a new chemical control method for controlling resistant weeds in rice fields.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An application of a herbicidal composition for controlling quinclorac-resistant Echinochloa weeds in rice fields, characterized in that: The herbicidal composition comprises clofopyralid and sijiling, and sijiling is purchased from Xingnong Co., Ltd.; the amount of sijiling added to the herbicidal composition is 0.045% or 0.09% of the clofopyralid liquid, and the dosage of clofopyralid is 4.5-9.0 g ai / hm 2 ; The method for using the herbicidal composition is to use the herbicidal composition to treat the stems and leaves of weeds and rice by spraying after the rice is in the 4-leaf stage and the Echinochloa weeds are in the 4-5-leaf stage.

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