A thread chip breaking machining method and system based on a numerical control system

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of thread chip breaking technology, specifically providing a thread chip breaking method and system based on a CNC system. The method includes: setting thread chip breaking parameters according to actual machining requirements; calculating the starting position of thread cutting, the depth of cut for each layer, and the tool path; cyclically starting the CNC system and calling the thread chip breaking function via G-code, setting the X-axis as the depth of cut direction and the Z-axis as the tool path, and performing layered thread cutting to achieve thread chip breaking. By optimizing the process and algorithm, changing the X-axis tool advance and retraction to perform layer-by-layer cutting, with each layer's depth of cut decreasing, creates "empty tools" between layers and "stress brittle points" in the chips, thus achieving thread chip breaking. While achieving thread chip breaking, it does not affect machining accuracy and efficiency, and the on-site machining application results are excellent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thread chip breaking technology, and more specifically, to a thread chip breaking method and system based on a CNC system. Background Technology

[0002] During CNC machining, especially in the turning of metals with good plasticity, long, ribbon-like chips are easily generated, which can become entangled on the cutting tool, workpiece, and machine tool components, severely affecting tool life and scratching the surface of the machined workpiece. Furthermore, with the continuous development of automation technology, automated loading and unloading using lathes with gantry robots or automata has become commonplace, and these long, ribbon-like chips directly hinder the normal loading and unloading of the robots, affecting automated production. Therefore, in line with current development trends, developing chip-breaking technology for CNC machining is extremely important. While conventional chip-breaking technology is quite mature, more complex thread chip-breaking technologies are still relatively rare.

[0003] Ensuring thread machining accuracy without compromising efficiency, while simultaneously achieving chip breaking, has long been a challenge for efficient automated machining, hindering the development of lathe automation. Given this background and current situation, there is an urgent need to develop a high-efficiency, high-precision thread chip breaking technology to address the current predicament in automated production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the technical problem in existing technologies where it is difficult to simultaneously achieve both thread chip breaking technology and efficient automated machining.

[0005] This invention provides a thread chip breaking method based on a CNC system, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, set the thread chip breaking machining parameters according to actual machining requirements;

[0007] S2 calculates the starting position, depth of cut per layer, and feed path for thread cutting;

[0008] S3, after the CNC system is started in a cycle, the thread chip breaking function is called through G code. The X-axis is set as the cutting depth direction and the Z-axis is set as the tool path to perform layered thread cutting to achieve thread chip breaking.

[0009] Preferably, the thread chip breaking machining parameters in S1 include:

[0010] (1) Target position for thread machining;

[0011] (2) The maximum chip depth and radius of a single layer decrease with each layer, with a minimum of 0.1 mm;

[0012] (3) Thread depth and radius;

[0013] (4) Thread lead;

[0014] (5) The maximum retraction radius of the jump cutter decreases with each layer;

[0015] (6) Tapered thread parameters, the radius difference between the X-axis coordinate of the starting point and the X-axis coordinate of the end point of the thread;

[0016] (7) Thread unwinding method, unwinding angle, and unwinding distance.

[0017] Preferably, the thread chip breaking method is applicable to both straight thread chip breaking and tapered thread chip breaking.

[0018] Preferably, S3 specifically includes: performing layer-by-layer cutting by changing the feed and retraction of the tool in the X-axis direction, with the cutting depth decreasing in each layer, forming "empty tool" between layers and "stress brittle points" in the chips to achieve thread chip breaking.

[0019] Preferably, the calculation method for the starting position in step S2 is as follows:

[0020] X+2D-2E

[0021] Where X is the thread root depth, D is the thread depth, and E is the maximum cutting depth of a single layer.

[0022] Preferably, the method for calculating the cutting depth of each layer in S2 is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, E i Let E0 be the cutting depth of the i-th layer, E0 be the radius of the maximum cutting depth of a single layer, and n be the number of feeds.

[0025] Preferably, each cutting process in S2 includes two actions:

[0026] When the number of feeds n is odd:

[0027] When the X-axis fluctuates by 2q, the Z-axis increment changes by 2f, and the pitch is f, the G-code is:

[0028] G32 U[2q]W[2f]F[f];

[0029] G32 U[-2q]W[2f]F[f];

[0030] When the number of feeds n is even:

[0031] When the X-axis fluctuates by q, the Z-axis increment changes by f, and the pitch is f, the G-code is:

[0032] G32 U[q]W[f]F[f];

[0033] G32 U[-q]W[f]F[f].

[0034] Preferably, S3 specifically includes:

[0035] The G1084 command is used to call the matching thread chip breaking fixed cycle for layered thread chip breaking machining. The command is G1084 X_Z_E_D_F_(Q_)(I_).

[0036] Where X is the thread root depth; Z is the target position; E is the maximum cutting depth radius of a single layer, decreasing layer by layer, with a minimum of 0.1mm; D is the thread depth and radius; F is the lead; Q is an optional value, the maximum retraction distance radius of the cutter, decreasing layer by layer; I is the tapered thread parameter, the difference in radius between the starting point X and the end point X of the thread, usually a negative value with a sign, in mm.

[0037] Preferably, S3 specifically includes:

[0038] When using tailing, fill in 1 for NC parameter 000349 (trigonometric function selection, 0: radians, 1: angles). At this time, the system's internal trigonometric functions are calculated in the form of angles.

[0039] The present invention also provides a thread chip breaking machining system based on a CNC system, the system being used to implement the thread chip breaking machining method based on a CNC system as described above, comprising:

[0040] The parameter setting module is used to set the thread chip breaking machining parameters according to actual machining requirements;

[0041] The toolpath calculation module is used to calculate the starting position, depth of cut for each layer, and tool path for thread cutting.

[0042] The machining module is used to call the thread chip breaking function via G-code after the CNC system is started in cycles. The X-axis is set as the cutting depth direction and the Z-axis is set as the tool path to perform layered thread cutting to achieve thread chip breaking.

[0043] Beneficial Effects: This invention provides a thread chip breaking machining method and system based on a CNC system. The method includes: setting thread chip breaking machining parameters according to actual machining requirements; calculating the starting position of thread cutting, the depth of cut for each layer, and the tool path; cyclically starting the CNC system and calling the thread chip breaking function via G-code, setting the X-axis as the depth of cut direction and the Z-axis as the tool path, and performing layered thread cutting to achieve thread chip breaking. By optimizing the process and algorithm, changing the X-axis tool advance and retraction to perform layer-by-layer cutting, with each layer's depth of cut decreasing, forming "empty tools" between layers and "stress brittle points" in the chips, thread chip breaking is achieved. While achieving thread chip breaking, machining accuracy and efficiency are not affected, and the on-site machining application results are excellent. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This invention provides a schematic diagram of a thread chip breaking machining method based on a CNC system.

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the layered thread chip breaking process provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 The tapered thread machining dimension drawing provided for this invention;

[0047] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of "empty blades" between layers;

[0048] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a possible electronic device provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a possible computer-readable storage medium provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a thread chip breaking machining method based on a CNC system, comprising the following steps:

[0052] S1. Set the thread chip breaking machining parameters according to actual machining requirements; the following key information needs to be clarified when setting the thread chip breaking machining parameters:

[0053] (1) Target position for thread machining;

[0054] (2) The maximum chip depth and radius of a single layer decrease with each layer, with a minimum of 0.1 mm;

[0055] (3) Thread depth and radius;

[0056] (4) Thread lead;

[0057] (5) The maximum retraction radius of the switch blade decreases with each layer (optional);

[0058] (6) Tapered thread parameters, radius difference between the starting point X and the end point X of the thread;

[0059] (7) Thread unwinding method, unwinding angle, and unwinding distance.

[0060] S2 calculates the starting position, depth of cut per layer, and feed path for thread cutting;

[0061] S3, after the CNC system is started in a cycle, the thread chip breaking function is called through G code. The X-axis is set as the cutting depth direction and the Z-axis is set as the tool path to perform layered thread cutting to achieve thread chip breaking.

[0062] Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, the starting position is affected by the thread root depth X, thread depth D, and maximum single-layer cutting depth E. The calculation formula is X + 2D - 2E (diameter programmed X). The maximum chip breaking depth of the layered thread is E, and the depth of each layer is... All units are in mm. Among them, E i Let E0 be the cutting depth of the i-th layer, E0 be the radius of the maximum cutting depth of a single layer, and n be the number of feeds.

[0063] Each cutting process in S2 involves two actions:

[0064] When the number of cuts n is odd;

[0065] The X-direction fluctuation is 2q, the Z-increment change is 2f, and the pitch is f.

[0066] G32 U[2q]W[2f]F[f];

[0067] G32 U[-2q]W[2f]F[f].

[0068] When the number of feeds n is even;

[0069] The X-direction fluctuation is q, the Z-increment change is f, and the pitch is f:

[0070] G32 U[q]W[f]F[f];

[0071] G32 U[-q]W[f]F[f].

[0072] Figure 2 The diagram shows a tapered thread. The taper I should be the difference between the X-coordinate of the starting position (point B) and the X-coordinate of the thread end point (point E), marked with a symbol. The diagram shows the X-coordinate difference between points B and E. Point C is the effective thread end point. Point E is the intersection of the extension of line BC and the end point DE. DE is parallel to the X-axis, meaning that when there is no unraveling, points C and E coincide.

[0073] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0074] This invention provides a thread chip breaking machining method based on a CNC system. By optimizing the process and algorithm, the feed and retraction of the tool in the X direction are changed to perform layer-by-layer cutting, with the depth of cut decreasing in each layer, forming "empty tool" between layers and "stress brittle points" in the chips to achieve thread chip breaking.

[0075] This invention is highly practical, achieving chip breaking of threads without affecting machining accuracy and efficiency, and has good results in field processing applications.

[0076] To more clearly illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this invention, in conjunction with the appendix... Figure 3 The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments. In this embodiment, the machined thread is ZM60×2, and the workpiece dimensions are shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 The G-code for thread machining on this workpiece is as follows:

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] Analysis of the principle of thread chip breaking:

[0080] Reason 1: In layered thread machining, the depth of cut decreases with each layer. Due to the different spacing between layers, "empty cuts" may occur.

[0081] Reason 2: Interlayer lamination during turning results in inconsistent thickness of accumulated material, leading to stress "brittle points";

[0082] When the pitch changes by a factor of 2, the main factor affecting chip breakage is reason 1, with a chip breakage frequency of 4f; when the pitch changes by a factor of 1, the main factor affecting chip breakage is reason 2, with a chip breakage frequency of 1f to 2f.

[0083] Therefore, to achieve thread breakage in this invention, an interlayer "empty cut" is necessary, meaning the cutting depth values ​​of a single-pitch deep cut and a double-pitch shallow cut must intersect; this is a necessary condition. The corresponding schematic diagram for the "empty cut" is attached. Figure 4 .

[0084] Instructions for use in thread chip breaking machining:

[0085] By calling the G1084 command (standard calling method) and matching the thread chip breaking fixed cycle, layered thread chip breaking can be performed using the G1084 method.

[0086] Command format: G1084 X_Z_E_D_F_(Q_)(I_)

[0087] The meanings of each parameter are as follows:

[0088]

[0089] The parameters are defined as follows:

[0090] (1) Tail removal is affected by three user macro parameters: 54019, 54010, 54011. See the table above for explanation.

[0091] (2) The tool retraction amount Q can be left as a default value, which is 7 / 12E. If it is an external thread and Q is defined, the tool retraction distance can be customized.

[0092] (3) The starting position is calculated based on the given X, D, and E;

[0093] (4) When using tail retraction, parameter 000349 must be changed to angle system.

[0094] (5) E / D / Q / I are all radius values.

[0095] This invention also provides a thread chip breaking system based on a CNC system, the system being used to implement the thread chip breaking method based on a CNC system as described above, including:

[0096] The parameter setting module is used to set the thread chip breaking machining parameters according to actual machining requirements;

[0097] The toolpath calculation module is used to calculate the starting position, depth of cut for each layer, and tool path for thread cutting.

[0098] The machining module is used to call the thread chip breaking function via G-code after the CNC system is started in cycles. The X-axis is set as the cutting depth direction and the Z-axis is set as the tool path to perform layered thread cutting to achieve thread chip breaking.

[0099] Please see Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the electronic device provided in this invention. For example... Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory 1310, a processor 1320, and a computer program 1311 stored in the memory 1310 and executable on the processor 1320. When the processor 1320 executes the computer program 1311, it performs the following steps: S1, setting thread chip breaking processing parameters according to actual processing requirements;

[0100] S2 calculates the starting position, depth of cut per layer, and feed path for thread cutting;

[0101] S3, after the CNC system is started in a cycle, the thread chip breaking function is called through G code. The X-axis is set as the cutting depth direction and the Z-axis is set as the tool path to perform layered thread cutting to achieve thread chip breaking.

[0102] Please see Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a computer-readable storage medium provided by the present invention. (See diagram below.) Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium 1400, on which a computer program 1411 is stored. When the computer program 1411 is executed by a processor, it performs the following steps: S1, setting the thread chip breaking machining parameters according to actual machining requirements;

[0103] S2 calculates the starting position, depth of cut per layer, and feed path for thread cutting;

[0104] S3, after the CNC system is started in a cycle, the thread chip breaking function is called through G code. The X-axis is set as the cutting depth direction and the Z-axis is set as the tool path to perform layered thread cutting to achieve thread chip breaking.

[0105] It should be noted that the descriptions of each embodiment in the above embodiments have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0106] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0107] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0108] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0109] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0110] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0111] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A thread chip breaking machining method based on a numerical control system, characterized by, Includes the following steps: S1, set the thread chip breaking machining parameters according to actual machining requirements; S2 calculates the starting position, depth of cut per layer, and feed path for thread cutting; The calculation method for the starting position is as follows: X+2D-2E Where X is the thread root depth, D is the thread depth, and E is the maximum cutting depth of a single layer; The method for calculating the cutting depth of each layer is as follows: ； in, Let i be the cutting depth of the i-th layer. is the radius of the maximum cutting depth in a single layer, and n is the number of infeeds; Each layer of the cutting process involves two actions: When the number of feeds n is odd: Then, when the X-axis fluctuates by 2q, the Z-axis increment changes by 2f, and the pitch is f, the G-code is: G32 U[2q] W[2f] F[f]; G32 U[-2q] W[2f] F[f]; When the number of feeds n is even: Then, when the X-axis fluctuates by q, the Z-axis increment changes by f, and the pitch is f, the G-code is: G32 U[q] W[f] F[f]; G32 U[-q] W[f] F[f]; S3, after the CNC system is started in a cycle, the thread chip breaking function is called through G code. The X-axis is set as the cutting depth direction and the Z-axis is set as the tool path to perform layered thread cutting to achieve thread chip breaking.

2. The thread chip breaking method based on a CNC system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thread chip breaking machining parameters in S1 include: (1) Target position for thread machining; (2) The maximum chip depth and radius of a single layer decrease layer by layer, with a minimum of 0.1 mm; (3) Thread depth and radius; (4) Thread lead; (5) The maximum retraction radius of the switch blade decreases with each layer; (6) Tapered thread parameters, the radius difference between the X-axis coordinate of the starting point and the X-axis coordinate of the end point of the thread; (7) Thread unwinding method, unwinding angle, and unwinding distance.

3. The thread chip breaking method based on a CNC system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The described chip breaking method is applicable to both straight thread chip breaking and tapered thread chip breaking.

4. The thread chip breaking method based on a CNC system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Specifically, S3 includes: performing layer-by-layer cutting by changing the feed and retraction of the tool in the X-axis direction, with the cutting depth decreasing in each layer, forming "empty tool" between layers and "stress brittle points" in the chips to achieve thread chip breaking.

5. The thread chip breaking method based on a CNC system according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 specifically includes: The G1084 instruction is used to call the matching thread chip breaking fixed cycle for layered thread chip breaking machining. The instruction is G1084X_Z_E_D_F_(Q_)(I_). Where X is the thread root depth; Z is the target position; E is the maximum cutting depth radius of a single layer, decreasing layer by layer, with a minimum of 0.1mm; D is the thread depth and radius; F is the lead; Q is an optional value, the maximum retraction distance radius of the cutter, decreasing layer by layer; I is the tapered thread parameter, the difference in radius between the starting point X and the end point X of the thread, usually a negative value with a sign, in mm.

6. The thread chip breaking method based on a CNC system according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 specifically includes: When using tail retraction, modify the parameters of the CNC system so that the internal trigonometric functions are calculated in terms of angles.

7. A thread chip breaking machining system based on a CNC system, characterized in that, The system is used to implement the thread chip breaking machining method based on a CNC system as described in any one of claims 1-6, including: The parameter setting module is used to set the thread chip breaking machining parameters according to actual machining requirements; The toolpath calculation module is used to calculate the starting position, depth of cut for each layer, and tool path for thread cutting. The machining module is used to call the thread chip breaking function via G-code after the CNC system is started in cycles. The X-axis is set as the cutting depth direction and the Z-axis is set as the tool path to perform layered thread cutting to achieve thread chip breaking.

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