A geotechnical survey system based on pressure compensation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a geotechnical survey system based on pressure compensation, comprising a base, a drill rod, a lifting device for driving the drill rod to move up and down, and a rotating device for driving the drill rod to rotate about the axis of the drill rod to drill a sample. The geotechnical survey system based on pressure compensation also includes a pressure compensation device, wherein a first water outlet is provided at the lower end of the drill rod. The pressure compensation device includes a water tank and a water pump device. The water tank is provided with water. When the lifting device drives the drill rod carrying the sample upward, the water pump device delivers water in the water tank to the first water outlet. The first water outlet outputs water to the lower side of the sample to increase the pressure on the lower side of the sample and prevent the sample from falling out of the lower end of the drill rod. The present invention has a pressure compensation function, and the sample is not easily sucked out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical investigation, and in particular to a geotechnical investigation system based on pressure compensation. Background Art

[0002] In engineering construction, the structure and properties of rock and soil determine its bearing capacity. Before construction, sampling and analyzing rock and soil through surveying and sampling devices are essential. By testing and analyzing the sampled rock and soil, we can understand the nature of the base geology. If we cannot accurately survey and reveal the geological problems in the project, it will have a significant impact on the engineering quality of the entire project.

[0003] In engineering construction, it is necessary to extract rock and soil samples through a geotechnical survey system, and then the operator analyzes the properties of the rock and soil based on the samples. The existing geotechnical survey system includes a drill rod, a lifting device, and a rotating device. When extracting samples in the existing geotechnical survey system, the rotating device drives the drill rod to rotate. Under the action of the lifting device, the drill rod moves downward close to the surface of the rock and soil and drills into the rock and soil. During this process, the sample enters the drill rod. When drilling to a preset depth, the rotating device stops rotating, and then the lifting device drives the drill rod carrying the sample inside to be pulled upward from the rock and soil. The operator knocks on the drill rod, causing the sample in the drill rod to fall from the lower end of the drill rod.

[0004] When the drill rod of the existing geotechnical survey system is pulled upward, a negative pressure space is easily formed between the lower end of the drill rod and the bottom of the borehole. As the drill rod continues to be pulled upward, the pressure in the negative pressure space further decreases. If the pressure in the negative pressure space is too low, the sample in the drill rod will be sucked downward out of the drill rod, resulting in the loss of the sample and affecting the geotechnical survey. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the shortcomings of existing geotechnical survey systems that do not have a pressure compensation function and samples are easily sucked out, the present invention proposes a geotechnical survey system based on pressure compensation, which has a pressure compensation function and samples are not easily sucked out.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A geotechnical survey system based on pressure compensation includes a base, a drill rod, a lifting device for driving the drill rod to move up and down, and a rotating device for driving the drill rod to rotate around the axis of the drill rod to drill samples. The geotechnical survey system based on pressure compensation also includes a pressure compensation device. A first water outlet is provided at the lower end of the drill rod. The pressure compensation device includes a water tank and a water pump device. Water is provided in the water tank. When the lifting device drives the drill rod carrying the sample inside to move upward, the water pump device transports the water in the water tank to the first water outlet. The first water outlet outputs water to the lower side of the sample to increase the pressure on the lower side of the sample and prevent the sample from falling out of the lower end of the drill rod.

[0008] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, when the present application is drilling rock and soil to extract samples, when the drill rod is lifted, water is delivered to the lower end of the drill rod to increase the pressure on the lower side of the sample, thereby preventing the sample from being sucked out. Specifically, the base is placed where the sample needs to be extracted, the rotating device drives the drill rod to rotate around the axis of the drill rod, and the lifting device drives the drill rod to move downward and drill into the rock and soil, and the sample enters the drill rod. After drilling to a preset depth, the rotating device stops running, and the drill rod is slowly lifted up by the lifting device. When the drill rod moves upward, the sample moves upward under the friction of the inner wall of the drill rod and is disconnected from the rock and soil at the bottom of the borehole. The separation of the sample from the bottom of the borehole causes a negative pressure space to form on the lower side of the sample. The water pump device discharges the water in the water tank to the lower side of the sample through the first water outlet to increase the pressure on the lower side of the sample and prevent the sample from falling out of the lower end of the drill rod. After that, as the drill rod continues to move upward, the negative pressure space gradually increases, and the water pump device continuously inputs water into the negative pressure space, so that the negative pressure space is always basically filled with water, thereby preventing the pressure in the negative pressure space from being too low, and then preventing the sample from being sucked out. When the drill rod is pulled out of the rock and soil, the water pump device stops running, the operator takes the sample out of the drill rod, and then sends the sample for analysis.

[0009] As an implementation method, the drill rod includes a pipe body, the lower end of the pipe body is fixedly connected to a plurality of downwardly extending drill teeth along the circumferential direction, and an avoidance space is formed between the drill teeth. The outer side of the lower end of the pipe body is provided with a plurality of downwardly opening chutes, and a water spray plate is slidably connected in the chutes. The avoidance space is located on the lower side of the water spray plate so that the water spray plate slides downward along the chutes. A first water channel is provided in the water spray plate, the upper end of the first water channel penetrates to the inner side of the water spray plate and forms a first water inlet, the lower side of the first water channel penetrates to the inner side of the water spray plate and forms a first water outlet, and the pipe body A second water channel is provided inside the wall, and the lower end of the second water channel extends to the bottom of the chute and forms a second water outlet. The second water outlet is provided between the first water inlet and the first water outlet. When the lifting device drives the drill rod carrying the sample inside to move upward, the water spray plate slides relative to the chute under the friction force of the rock and soil, and the first water inlet moves to the second water outlet to connect the first water channel and the second water channel. The first water outlet moves to the avoidance space, and the water pump device transports the water in the water tank to the lower side of the sample through the second water channel and the first water channel.

[0010] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, when the present application is initially used, the water spray plate abuts against the upper end of the chute and is located as a whole in the chute, thereby preventing the rock and soil from damaging the water spray plate during drilling. The outer side of the water spray plate is flush with the outer wall of the tube body, thereby preventing the water spray plate from hindering the drilling of the drill rod. There is a certain damping between the water spray plate and the chute, so that the water spray plate will not slide down under the action of gravity. The base is placed where the sample needs to be extracted, and the rotating device drives the drill rod to rotate around the axis of the drill rod. The lifting device drives the drill rod to move downward and drill into the rock and soil. The setting of the drill teeth facilitates cutting of the rock and soil, thereby facilitating the drill rod to drill downward, and then facilitates the sample to enter the tube body. After drilling to a preset depth, the rotating device stops running, and the drill rod is slowly lifted up by the lifting device. Under the action of the friction between the rock and soil and the water spray plate, when the drill rod moves upward, the water spray plate and the rock and soil remain basically stationary, the chute moves upward, and the water spray plate and the chute slide relative to each other. The lower end of the water spray plate enters the avoidance space, and the first water outlet moves to the avoidance space so that the water output by the first water outlet is discharged to the lower side of the sample. The first water inlet and the second water outlet are connected. At this time, the sample moves upward under the action of the friction force of the inner wall of the tube body and is disconnected from the rock and soil at the bottom of the borehole. The separation of the sample and the bottom of the borehole causes a negative pressure space to be formed on the lower side of the sample. The water pump device discharges the water in the water tank to the lower side of the sample through the second water channel, the second water outlet, the first water inlet, and the first water outlet to increase the pressure on the lower side of the sample to prevent the sample from falling out of the lower end of the drill rod. After that, as the drill rod continues to move upward, the drill rod drives the water spray plate to overcome the friction of the rock and soil and move upward. The negative pressure space gradually increases, and the water pump device continuously inputs water into the negative pressure space, so that the negative pressure space is always basically full of water, thereby preventing the pressure in the negative pressure space from being too low, and then preventing the sample from being sucked out. When the drill rod is pulled out of the rock and soil, the water pump device stops running, the operator takes the sample out of the drill rod, and then sends the sample for analysis.

[0011] Furthermore, a top plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, and the lifting device includes a first motor arranged on the top plate, the first motor is connected to a screw rod extending vertically, a lifting seat is arranged between the top plate and the base, the screw rod passes through the lifting seat and is threadedly connected to the lifting seat, the tube body passes through the lifting seat and is rotatably connected to the lifting seat, and the tube body is axially fixed on the lifting seat.

[0012] Through the above arrangement, the drilling rod can be lifted and lowered. Specifically, when the pipe body is axially fixed on the lifting seat, the lifting seat and the pipe body will move up and down synchronously. When the first motor drives the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod and the lifting seat rotate relative to each other, and the lifting seat will move up or down along the axis of the screw rod. At this time, the lifting seat will drive the pipe body to move up or down.

[0013] Furthermore, an annular protrusion is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tube body, and an annular groove is provided within the lifting base. The annular protrusion is rotatably connected within the annular groove. A first thrust bearing is provided between the annular protrusion and the upper side of the annular groove, and a second thrust bearing is provided between the annular protrusion and the lower side of the annular groove. Both the first and second thrust bearings are sleeved onto the tube body. This arrangement ensures axial fixation of the tube body on the lifting base and reduces rotational resistance of the tube body.

[0014] Furthermore, the rotation device includes a second motor mounted on the lifting base. A gear ring is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tube body. The second motor is connected to a drive gear, which meshes with the gear ring. This arrangement enables the drill rod to rotate. Specifically, the second motor drives the drill rod to rotate via the drive gear and gear ring.

[0015] Furthermore, a partition is fixedly connected to the middle of the tube body, and the partition divides the space in the tube body into a water storage space located on the upper side of the partition and a sampling space located on the lower side of the partition. The water pump device includes a piston slidably connected to the water storage space, a piston rod fixedly connected to the upper side of the piston, the upper end of the piston rod is rotatably connected to the top plate, the upper end of the tube body is fixedly connected to the end plate, the piston rod passes through the end plate and is slidably connected to the end plate, a lubrication water chamber is formed between the piston and the end plate, and a compensation water chamber is formed between the piston and the partition, the lubrication water chamber is connected to the water tank through a first water pipe, the first water pipe is provided with a first one-way valve facing the compensation water chamber, the compensation water chamber is connected to the water tank through a second water pipe, and the second water pipe is provided with a one-way valve facing the compensation water chamber. The second one-way valve in the chamber is connected to the second water channel. The compensating water chamber and the lubricating water chamber are both connected to the second water channel. A third one-way valve facing outward from the lubricating water chamber is provided between the lubricating water chamber and the second water channel. A fourth one-way valve facing outward from the compensating water chamber is provided between the compensating water chamber and the second water channel. The spray plate is also provided with a third water channel that runs through both the inside and outside of the spray plate. The inner end of the third water channel is connected to the second water outlet. When the drill rod moves downward, the end plate moves downward, the volume of the lubricating water chamber decreases, and the volume of the compensating water chamber increases. Water in the lubricating water chamber passes through the second and third water channels and is sprayed outward from the spray plate to reduce the rotational resistance of the drill rod. Water in the water tank passes through the second water pipe and the second one-way valve and enters the compensating water chamber. Through the above arrangement, automatic lubrication during drilling and automatic pressure compensation when the drill rod is lifted are achieved.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer end of the third water channel is inclined upward, and an inclined surface is provided on the upper side of the outer end of the third water channel to expand the opening of the outer end of the third water channel to prevent the third water channel from being blocked.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper end sleeve of the pipe body is provided with a first water collecting sleeve, and the middle sleeve of the pipe body is provided with a second water collecting sleeve. The first water collecting sleeve and the second water collecting sleeve are both rotatably connected to the pipe body. The first water collecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the lifting seat through a first connecting rod, and the second water collecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the lifting seat through a second connecting rod. A first annular water trough is provided on the inner side of the first water collecting sleeve, and a first joint is fixedly connected to one side of the first water collecting sleeve. The first water pipe and the first joint are connected. A first through hole is provided at the upper end of the pipe body, and the water tank is connected to the lubrication water chamber through the first water pipe, the first joint, the first annular water trough, the first through hole.

[0018] A second annular water trough is provided on the inner side of the second water collection sleeve. A second connector is fixedly connected to one side of the second water collection sleeve, and the second connector is connected to the second water pipe. A second through-hole is provided in the partition plate, and the second through-hole is connected to the second annular water trough. The water tank is connected to the compensating water chamber via the second water pipe, the second connector, the second annular water trough, and the second through-hole. This arrangement achieves a stable connection between the water tank and the lubrication water chamber, and also between the water tank and the compensating water chamber.

[0019] Furthermore, guide grooves are provided on opposite sides of the chute along its width, the guide grooves extending vertically. Guide bars are fixedly connected to opposite sides of the water spray plate, and the guide bars are slidably connected within the guide grooves. This arrangement allows the water spray plate to slide stably along the chute, and the inner side of the water spray plate fits closely to the bottom of the chute, thereby preventing rock and soil from entering between the water spray plate and the bottom of the chute, and also preventing water leakage between the water spray plate and the bottom of the chute.

[0020] Furthermore, a limit hole is provided at the bottom of the chute, and a limit protrusion is fixedly connected to the inner side of the water spray plate. When the limit protrusion abuts the lower side of the limit hole, the first water inlet and the second water outlet are connected. This arrangement effectively limits the position of the water spray plate and restricts its sliding range. When the drill rod is raised, when the limit protrusion abuts the lower side of the limit hole, the relative sliding between the water spray plate and the chute automatically stops, and the first water inlet and the second water outlet are connected.

[0021] Furthermore, a tee is fixedly connected to the lower side of the top plate, and the tee includes an input end, a first output end, and a second output end. The input end is connected to a water pump, and the first output end is connected to the water tank through a third water pipe. The piston rod is configured as a square tube, and the upper end of the square tube is connected to the second output end through a rotary joint. A plug is fixedly connected to the lower side of the piston, and a first water washing channel is provided in the piston. The upper end of the first water washing channel is connected to the lower end of the square tube, and the lower end of the first water washing channel passes through the lower end of the plug. The lower end of the first water washing channel is fixedly connected with a flange extending inward, and a first water stop is provided in the first water washing channel. A first spring for pressing the first water stop down on the flange is provided in the first water washing channel, and a water sink is provided at the lower end of the plug. , a slot is provided on the upper side of the partition, the cross section of the slot is adapted to the plug, a pin for pushing the first water retaining member is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slot, a second water retaining member is slidably connected in the slot, the pin passes through the second water retaining member and is slidably connected to the second water retaining member, the bottom of the slot is connected to the second water retaining member through a second spring, a second water washing channel is provided in the partition, the lower end of the second water washing channel passes through the lower side of the partition, the second water washing channel is connected to the sampling space, the upper end of the second water washing channel extends to the inner wall of the slot and is provided on the lower side of the second water retaining member, when the piston and the partition are in contact, the plug is inserted into the slot, the pin pushes the first water retaining member, and the square tube is connected through the first water washing channel, the water tank, the second water washing channel and the sampling space. The above arrangement facilitates sample removal, and also facilitates cleaning of the chute and replenishment of the water tank. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a geotechnical investigation system based on pressure compensation according to an embodiment.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point C.

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point D.

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the lower end of the drill pipe.

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the drill rod of the geotechnical investigation system based on pressure compensation according to an embodiment when it moves downward.

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 7Enlarged view of point E.

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point F.

[0031] Figure 10 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point G.

[0032] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the upward movement of the drill rod of the geotechnical investigation system based on pressure compensation according to an embodiment.

[0033] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of H.

[0034] Figure 13 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of point J.

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the water pump in operation.

[0036] Figure 15 for Figure 14 Enlarged view of K.

[0037] Figure 16 for Figure 14 Enlarged view of L. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] See also Figures 1 to 16A geotechnical investigation system based on pressure compensation includes a base 11, a drill rod 12, a lifting device 13 for driving the drill rod 12 to move up and down, and a rotating device 14 for driving the drill rod 12 to rotate around the axis of the drill rod 12 to drill a sample 21. The geotechnical investigation system based on pressure compensation also includes a pressure compensation device. The drill rod 12 includes a pipe body 121. The lower end of the pipe body 121 is fixedly connected to a plurality of downwardly extending drill teeth 122 along the circumferential direction. The drill teeth 122 form an avoidance space. The outer side of the lower end of the body 121 is provided with a plurality of downward opening chutes 1211, and the chutes are slidably connected to the water spray plate 123. The avoidance space is located at the lower side of the water spray plate 123 so that the water spray plate 123 can slide downward along the chutes 1211. A first water channel 1231 is provided in the water spray plate 123. The upper end of the first water channel 1231 penetrates the inner side of the water spray plate 123 and forms a first water inlet 1232. The lower side of the first water channel 1231 penetrates the inner side of the water spray plate 123 and forms a first Water outlet 1233, a second water channel 1212 is provided inside the wall of the tube body 121, the lower end of the second water channel 1212 extends to the bottom of the chute 1211 and forms a second water outlet 1213, the second water outlet 1213 is provided between the first water inlet 1232 and the first water outlet 1233, the pressure compensation device includes a water tank 151 and a water pump device, water is provided in the water tank 151, when the lifting device 13 drives the drill rod 12 carrying the sample 21 inside to move upward, water is sprayed Under the action of the friction force of the rock and soil, the plate 123 slides relative to the slide 1211, and the first water inlet 1232 moves to the second water outlet 1213 to connect the first water channel 1231 and the second water channel 1212. The first water outlet 1233 moves to the avoidance space, and the water pump device transports the water in the water tank 151 to the lower side of the sample 21 through the second water channel 1212 and the first water channel 1231 to increase the pressure on the lower side of the sample 21 to prevent the sample 21 from falling out of the lower end of the drill rod 12.

[0040] Through the above arrangement, when drilling rock and soil to extract the sample 21, the present application will deliver water to the lower end of the drill rod 12 when the drill rod 12 is lifted to increase the pressure on the lower side of the sample 21, thereby preventing the sample 21 from being sucked out. Specifically, initially, the water spray plate 123 abuts against the upper end of the chute 1211 and is entirely located in the chute 1211, thereby preventing the rock and soil from damaging the water spray plate 123 during drilling. Figure 2The outer side of the water spray plate 123 is flush with the outer wall of the tube body 121, thereby preventing the water spray plate 123 from obstructing the drilling of the drill rod 12. There is a certain damping between the water spray plate 123 and the slide 1211, so that the water spray plate 123 will not slide down under the action of gravity. The base 11 is placed where the sample 21 needs to be extracted. The rotating device 14 drives the drill rod 12 to rotate around the axis of the drill rod 12. The lifting device 13 drives the drill rod 12 to move downward and drill into the rock and soil. The setting of the drill teeth 122 facilitates cutting of the rock and soil, thereby facilitating the downward drilling of the drill rod 12 and, in turn, facilitating the sample 21 to enter the tube body 121. After drilling to the preset depth, the rotating device 14 stops running, and under the action of the lifting device 13, the drill rod 12 is slowly lifted up, see Figure 13 Under the action of the friction between the rock and soil and the water spray plate 123, when the drill rod moves upward, the water spray plate 123 and the rock and soil remain basically stationary, the chute moves upward, and the water spray plate 123 and the chute slide relatively, and the lower end of the water spray plate 123 enters the avoidance space, and the first water outlet 1233 moves to the avoidance space, so that the water output by the first water outlet 1233 is discharged to the lower side of the sample 21, and the first water inlet 1232 and the second water outlet 1213 are connected. At this time, the sample 21 moves upward under the action of the friction of the inner wall of the tube body 121 and is disconnected from the rock and soil at the bottom of the drill hole. Figure 13 The separation of sample 21 from the bottom of the borehole creates a negative pressure space beneath sample 21. The water pump assembly discharges water from water tank 151 through second water channel 1212, second water outlet 1213, first water inlet 1232, and first water outlet 1233 toward the underside of sample 21, increasing the pressure beneath sample 21 and preventing it from falling out of the lower end of drill rod 12. As drill rod 12 continues to move upward, it drives water spray plate 123 upward, overcoming the friction of the rock and soil. The negative pressure space gradually increases, and the water pump assembly continuously pumps water into the negative pressure space, ensuring that it remains substantially filled with water. This prevents the pressure in the negative pressure space from dropping too low, thereby preventing sample 21 from being sucked out. Once drill rod 12 is pulled out of the rock and soil, the water pump assembly stops operating, and the operator removes sample 21 from drill rod 12 before sending it for analysis.

[0041] As an implementation method, the upper side of the base 11 is fixedly connected to a top plate 16, and the lifting device 13 includes a first motor 131 arranged on the top plate 16, and the first motor 131 is connected to a screw rod 132 extending vertically. A lifting seat 133 is provided between the top plate 16 and the base 11, and the screw rod 132 passes through the lifting seat 133 and is threadedly connected to the lifting seat 133. The tube body 121 passes through the lifting seat 133 and is rotatably connected to the lifting seat 133, and the tube body 121 is axially fixed on the lifting seat 133.

[0042] Through the above arrangement, the lifting and lowering of the drill rod 12 is achieved. Specifically, when the pipe body 121 is axially fixed on the lifting seat 133, the lifting seat 133 and the pipe body 121 will move up and down synchronously. When the first motor 131 drives the screw rod 132 to rotate, the screw rod 132 and the lifting seat 133 rotate relative to each other, and the lifting seat 133 will move upward or downward along the axis of the screw rod 132. At this time, the lifting seat 133 will drive the pipe body 121 to move upward or downward.

[0043] As an implementation method, an annular protrusion 124 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tube body 121, and an annular groove 1331 is provided in the lifting seat 133. The annular protrusion 124 is rotatably connected in the annular groove 1331. A first thrust bearing 125 is provided between the upper side of the annular protrusion 124 and the annular groove 1331, and a second thrust bearing 126 is provided between the lower side of the annular protrusion 124 and the annular groove 1331. The first thrust bearing 125 and the second thrust bearing 126 are both sleeved on the tube body 121.

[0044] Through the above arrangement, the tube body 121 is axially fixed on the lifting seat 133 , and the rotational resistance of the tube body 121 is reduced.

[0045] As an implementation method, the rotating device 14 includes a second motor 141 arranged on the lifting seat 133, a gear ring 142 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tube body 121, and the second motor 141 is connected to a driving gear 143, and the driving gear 143 is meshed with the gear ring 142.

[0046] Through the above arrangement, the rotation of the drill rod 12 is achieved. Specifically, the second motor 141 drives the drill rod 12 to rotate via the driving gear 143 and the gear ring 142 .

[0047] As an implementation method, a partition 127 is fixedly connected to the middle of the tube body 121, and the partition 127 divides the space in the tube body 121 into a water storage space located on the upper side of the partition 127 and a sampling space 102 located on the lower side of the partition 127. The water pump device includes a piston 1521 slidably connected to the water storage space, a piston rod 1522 fixedly connected to the upper side of the piston 1521, the upper end of the piston rod 1522 is rotatably connected to the top plate 16, and the upper end of the tube body 121 is fixedly connected to the end plate 128. The rod 1522 passes through the end plate 128 and is slidably connected to the end plate 128. A lubricating water chamber 103 is formed between the piston 1521 and the end plate 128. A compensating water chamber 104 is formed between the piston 1521 and the partition 127. The lubricating water chamber 103 is connected to the water tank 151 through a first water pipe 153. The first water pipe 153 is provided with a first one-way valve 1531 toward the compensating water chamber 104. The compensating water chamber 104 is connected to the water tank 151 through a second water pipe 154. The second water pipe 154 is provided with a first one-way valve 1531 toward the compensating water chamber 104. A second one-way valve 1541 is provided to the compensation water chamber 104. The compensation water chamber 104 and the lubrication water chamber 103 are both connected to the second water channel 1212. A third one-way valve 155 is provided between the lubrication water chamber 103 and the second water channel 1212, facing the outside of the lubrication water chamber 103. A fourth one-way valve 156 is provided between the compensation water chamber 104 and the second water channel 1212, facing the outside of the compensation water chamber 104. The water spray plate 123 is also provided with a third water channel 123 that runs through both the inside and outside of the water spray plate 123. 4. The inner end of the third water channel 1234 is connected to the second water outlet 1213. When the drill rod 12 moves downward, the end plate 128 moves downward, the volume of the lubricating water chamber 103 decreases, and the volume of the compensating water chamber 104 increases. The water in the lubricating water chamber 103 passes through the second water channel 1212 and the third water channel 1234 and is sprayed outward from the water spray plate 123 to reduce the rotational resistance of the drill rod 12. The water in the water tank 151 passes through the second water pipe 154 and the second one-way valve 1541 and enters the compensating water chamber 104.

[0048] The above arrangement realizes automatic lubrication during drilling and automatic pressure compensation when the drill rod 12 is lifted. Specifically, initially, when the water spray plate 123 is located at the upper end of the chute 1211, the second water outlet 1213 is connected to the inner end of the third water channel 1234. Figures 7 to 10When the drill rod 12 is drilling downward, the piston 1521 moves in the tube body 121, the volume of the lubricating water chamber 103 decreases, and the volume of the compensating water chamber 104 increases. When the volume of the lubricating water chamber 103 decreases, the water in the lubricating water chamber 103 is output to the outside of the water spray plate 123 through the third one-way valve 155, the second water channel 1212, the second water outlet 1213, and the third water channel 1234. When the drill rod 12 is drilling downward, the water can wet the inner wall of the borehole, thereby reducing the rotational resistance of the drill rod 12. In addition, when the drill rod 12 moves from top to bottom, the inner wall of the borehole is basically All of them are moistened, which helps to cool the drill rod 12 and makes the performance of the drill rod 12 more stable. In addition, the piston rod 1522 in the present application is located on the upper side of the piston 1521. The piston rod 1522 occupies a certain space in the lubricating water chamber 103, thereby reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the lubricating water chamber 103. During the process of the drill rod 12 drilling downward, the volume of the lubricating water chamber 103 decreases at a slower rate, that is, the water out of the lubricating water chamber 103 is relatively slow. The water out of the lubricating water chamber 103 is mainly used to lubricate the inner wall of the borehole. Because the pressure in the borehole is relatively high, if the water outflow is fast, it will affect the drilling resistance of the drill rod 12. When the volume of the compensation water chamber 104 increases, the water in the water tank 151 passes through the second water pipe 154 and the second one-way valve 1541 and enters the compensation water chamber 104 to replenish the water in the compensation water chamber 104. The water in the compensation water chamber 104 is used for pressure compensation. When the drill rod 12 drills to the preset depth, the rotating device 14 stops running, see Figure 11 and Figure 12 and Figure 13 The lifting device 13 drives the lifting seat 133 upward, which in turn drives the drill rod 12 upward. The drill rod 12 carries the sample 21 therein upward. Under the action of the friction force of the rock and soil, the water spray plate 123 and the chute 1211 slide relative to each other. When the first water inlet 1232 and the second water outlet 1213 are connected, the water spray plate 123 stops sliding in the chute 1211, and the water spray plate 123 and the drill rod 12 move upward synchronously. When the drill rod 12 moves upward, the volume of the compensating water chamber 104 decreases, while the volume of the lubricating water chamber 103 increases. When the volume of the compensating water chamber 104 decreases, the water in the compensating water chamber 104 passes through the fourth one-way valve 156, the second water channel 1212, and the first water channel 1231 and is output to the lower side of the sample 21. Figure 13, compensates for the pressure of the negative pressure space on the lower side of the sample 21, thereby preventing the pressure of the negative pressure space from being too low, and preventing the sample 21 from being sucked out of the negative pressure space. In the present application, the cross-section of the compensation water chamber 104 is substantially equal to the cross-section of the negative pressure space, so the rate at which the volume of the negative pressure space increases is substantially equal to the rate at which the volume of the compensation water chamber 104 decreases. When the drill rod 12 moves upward, the rate at which water enters the negative pressure space always matches the rate at which the volume of the negative pressure space increases, thereby making the pressure in the negative pressure space relatively stable, preventing the sample 21 in the drill rod 12 from falling due to changes in pressure. When the volume of the lubricating water chamber 103 increases, the water in the water tank 151 enters the lubricating water chamber 103 through the first water pipe 153 and the first one-way valve 1531 to replenish the water in the lubricating water chamber 103 for the next lubrication.

[0049] As an implementation method, the outer end of the third water channel 1234 is tilted upward, and a slope 1235 is provided on the upper side of the outer end of the third water channel 1234 to expand the opening of the outer end of the third water channel 1234 to prevent the third water channel 1234 from being blocked.

[0050] As an implementation method, the upper end sleeve of the pipe body 121 is provided with a first water collecting sleeve 1214, and the middle sleeve of the pipe body 121 is provided with a second water collecting sleeve 1215. The first water collecting sleeve 1214 and the second water collecting sleeve 1215 are both rotatably connected to the pipe body 121. The first water collecting sleeve 1214 is fixedly connected to the lifting seat 133 through the first connecting rod 12141, and the second water collecting sleeve 1215 is fixedly connected to the lifting seat 133 through the second connecting rod 12151. A first annular water trough 12142 is provided on the inner side of the water collecting sleeve 1214, a first joint 12143 is fixedly connected to one side of the first water collecting sleeve 1214, the first water pipe 153 is connected to the first joint 12143, a first through hole 12144 is provided at the upper end of the tube body 121, and the water tank 151 is connected to the lubrication water chamber 103 through the first water pipe 153, the first joint 12143, the first annular water trough 12142, the first through hole 12144.

[0051] A second annular water trough 12152 is provided on the inner side of the second water collecting sleeve 1215, and a second joint 12153 is fixedly connected to one side of the second water collecting sleeve 1215, and the second joint 12153 is connected to the second water pipe 154. A second through hole 12154 is provided in the partition 127, and the second through hole 12154 is communicated with the second annular water trough 12152. The water tank 151 is connected to the compensating water chamber 104 through the second water pipe 154, the second joint 12153, the second annular water trough 12152, the second through hole 12154 and the compensating water chamber 104.

[0052] The above arrangement achieves a stable connection between the water tank 151 and the lubricating water chamber 103, and also achieves a stable connection between the water tank 151 and the compensating water chamber 104. Specifically, when the drill rod 12 rotates, the drill rod 12 and the first water collecting sleeve 1214 rotate relative to each other, and the drill rod 12 and the second water collecting sleeve 1215 rotate relative to each other, and the first through-hole 12144 moves along the first annular water groove 12142. Since the first annular water groove 12142 is annular, the first through-hole 12144 is always connected to the first annular water groove 12142. That is, the water tank 151 is always connected to the lubricating water chamber 103 through the first water pipe 153, the first joint 12143, the first annular water groove 12142, and the first through-hole 12144. Similarly, the water tank 151 is always connected to the compensating water chamber 104 through the second water pipe 154, the second joint 12153, the second annular water groove 12152, and the second through-hole 12154. Specifically, when the drill rod 12 moves downward, the water in the water tank 151 passes through the second water pipe 154, the second joint 12153, the second annular water groove 12152, and the second through hole 12154 into the compensation water chamber 104, and when the drill rod 12 moves upward, the water in the water tank 151 passes through the first water pipe 153, the first joint 12143, the first annular water groove 12142, and the first through hole 12144 into the lubrication water chamber 103.

[0053] As an implementation method, guide grooves 1216 are provided on opposite sides of the chute 1211 along the width direction. The guide grooves 1216 extend vertically. Guide bars 1236 are fixedly connected to opposite sides of the water spray plate 123. The guide bars 1236 are slidably connected within the guide grooves 1216. This arrangement allows the water spray plate 123 to slide stably along the chute 1211, and the inner side of the water spray plate 123 fits closely to the bottom of the chute 1211, thereby preventing rock and soil from entering between the water spray plate 123 and the bottom of the chute 1211, and also preventing water leakage between the water spray plate 123 and the bottom of the chute 1211.

[0054] As an implementation method, a limiting hole 1217 is set at the bottom of the slide 1211, and the inner side of the water spray plate 123 is fixedly connected to the limiting protrusion 1237. When the limiting protrusion 1237 abuts the lower side of the limiting hole 1217, the first water inlet 1232 and the second water outlet 1213 are connected.

[0055] The above arrangement limits the position of the water spray plate 123 and restricts the sliding range of the water spray plate 123. When the drill rod 12 is lifted, when the limiting protrusion 1237 abuts against the lower side of the limiting hole 1217, the relative sliding between the water spray plate 123 and the chute 1211 automatically stops, and the first water inlet 1232 and the second water outlet 1213 are connected.

[0056] As an implementation method, the lower side of the top plate 16 is fixedly connected to a tee 17, which includes an input end 171, a first output end 172, and a second output end 173. The input end 171 is connected to a water pump 174, and the first output end 172 is connected to the water tank 151 through a third water pipe 175. The piston rod 1522 is configured as a square tube, and the upper end of the square tube is connected to the second output end 173 through a rotary joint 176. The lower side of the piston 1521 is fixedly connected to a plug 157, and the piston 1521 is provided with a first water washing channel 15 23, the upper end of the first water washing channel 1523 is connected to the lower end of the square tube, the lower end of the first water washing channel 1523 passes through the lower end of the plug 157, the lower end of the first water washing channel 1523 is fixedly connected with a flange 1524 extending inward, a first water retaining member 1525 is provided in the first water washing channel 1523, and a first spring 1526 for pressing the first water retaining member 1525 down on the flange 1524 is provided in the first water washing channel 1523, a water trough 1528 is provided at the lower end of the plug 157, and the upper side of the partition 127 is fixedly connected with a flange 1524 extending inward. A slot 1271 is provided, the cross section of the slot 1271 is adapted to the plug 157, the bottom of the slot 1271 is fixedly connected with a pin 1272 for pushing the first water retaining member 1525, a second water retaining member 1273 is slidably connected in the slot 1271, the pin 1272 passes through the second water retaining member 1273 and is slidably connected to the second water retaining member 1273, the bottom of the slot 1271 is connected to the second water retaining member 1273 through a second spring 1274, and a second water washing channel 1275 is provided in the partition 127. The lower end of the channel 1275 passes through the lower side of the partition 127, the second water washing channel 1275 is connected to the sampling space 102, the upper end of the second water washing channel 1275 extends to the inner wall of the slot 1271 and is arranged on the lower side of the second water stop 1273. When the piston 1521 and the partition 127 are in contact, the plug 157 is inserted into the slot 1271, and the ejector pin 1272 pushes the first water stop 1525. The square tube is connected to the sampling space 102 through the first water washing channel 1523, the water trough 1528, the second water washing channel 1275.

[0057] The above arrangement facilitates the removal of the sample 21, the cleaning of the chute 1211, and the replenishment of the water tank 151. Specifically, when the piston 1521 and the partition 127 are not in contact, the first water retaining member 1525 is pressed against the flange 1524 under the action of the first spring 1526. Figure 8 At this time, the water in the lubricating water chamber 103 and the water in the compensating water chamber 104 are not connected, so when the drill rod 12 moves upward or downward, the piston 1521 can stably squeeze out the water in the compensating water chamber 104 or the lubricating water chamber 103. Figure 9, the second water stopper 1273 is located at the upper end of the slot 1271, thereby blocking the lower end of the compensation water chamber 104 and preventing the water in the compensation water chamber 104 from leaking downward into the sampling space 102. In addition, when the drill rod 12 is rotating, the piston rod 1522 and the drill rod 12 rotate synchronously, and the piston rod 1522 is connected to the tee 17 through the rotary joint 176, thereby achieving communication between the piston rod 1522 and the tee 17. After the drill rod 12 is pulled out of the borehole, the lifting device 13 continues to slowly lift the drill rod 12 until the piston 1521 abuts against the partition 127. At this time, the plug 157 is inserted into the slot 1271, see Figure 14 and Figure 15 and Figure 16 , the ejector pin 1272 pushes the first water retaining member 1525, the first water retaining member 1525 and the flange 1524 are disengaged, the first spring 1526 is compressed, the second water retaining member 1273 is pushed downward by the plug 157, the second spring 1274 is compressed, and the water tank 1528 is connected to the second water washing channel 1275. Figure 15 When the water pump 174 is running, the water pump 174 outputs water to the input end 171 of the tee 17, and a part of the water is discharged to the water tank 151 through the first output end 172 and the third water pipe 175, and the water in the water tank 151 is replenished. The other part of the water is discharged to the sampling space 102 through the second output end 173, the square tube, the first water washing channel 1523, the water tank 1528, and the second water washing channel 1275. At this time, the pressure at the upper end of the sample 21 becomes larger, and the sample 21 is discharged from the lower end of the drill rod 12. Compared with the traditional sampling method, the present application does not need to knock on the tube body 121 when sampling from the drill rod 12, which effectively protects the drill rod 12. In addition, after the sample 21 is discharged, the lower end of the drill rod 12 is blocked by hand. At this time, the water in the sampling space 102 will be discharged outward through the limiting hole 1217, see Figure 16 , thereby facilitating the cleaning of the chute 1211.

[0058] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all such improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geotechnical survey system based on pressure compensation, characterized in that: The drill rod comprises a base, a drill rod, a lifting device for driving the drill rod to move up and down, and a rotating device for driving the drill rod to rotate around the axis of the drill rod to drill samples. The geotechnical exploration system based on pressure compensation also comprises a pressure compensation device. A first water outlet is provided at the lower end of the drill rod. The pressure compensation device comprises a water tank and a water pump device. Water is provided in the water tank. When the lifting device drives the drill rod carrying the sample inside to move upward, the water pump device transports the water in the water tank to the first water outlet. The first water outlet outputs water to the lower side of the sample to increase the pressure on the lower side of the sample to prevent the sample from falling out of the lower end of the drill rod. The drill rod comprises a pipe body. The lower end of the pipe body is fixedly connected to a plurality of downwardly extending drill teeth along the circumferential direction. Avoidance space is formed between the drill teeth. A plurality of downward-opening slide grooves are provided on the outer side of the lower end of the pipe body. A water spray plate is slidably connected in the slide groove. The escape space is located at the lower side of the water spray plate so that the water spray plate slides downward along the chute, and a first water channel is provided in the water spray plate, the upper end of the first water channel passes through the inner side of the water spray plate and forms a first water inlet, the lower side of the first water channel passes through the inner side of the water spray plate and forms a first water outlet, and a second water channel is provided inside the wall of the pipe body, the lower end of the second water channel extends to the bottom of the chute and forms a second water outlet, and the second water outlet is provided between the first water inlet and the first water outlet. When the lifting device drives the drill rod carrying the sample inside to move upward, the water spray plate slides relative to the chute under the friction force of the rock and soil, and the first water inlet moves to the second water outlet to connect the first water channel and the second water channel. The first water outlet moves to the avoidance space, and the water pump device transports the water in the water tank to the lower side of the sample through the second water channel and the first water channel.

2. A geotechnical survey system based on pressure compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A top plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, and the lifting device includes a first motor arranged on the top plate, the first motor is connected to a screw rod extending vertically, a lifting seat is provided between the top plate and the base, the screw rod passes through the lifting seat and is threadedly connected to the lifting seat, the tube body passes through the lifting seat and is rotatably connected to the lifting seat, and the tube body is axially fixed on the lifting seat.

3. A geotechnical survey system based on pressure compensation according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular protrusion is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tube body, an annular groove is provided in the lifting seat, the annular protrusion is rotatably connected in the annular groove, a first thrust bearing is provided between the annular protrusion and the upper side of the annular groove, and a second thrust bearing is provided between the annular protrusion and the lower side of the annular groove.

4. The geotechnical survey system based on pressure compensation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating device includes a second motor arranged on the lifting seat, a gear ring is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tube body, and the second motor is connected to a driving gear, and the driving gear is meshed with the gear ring.

5. The geotechnical survey system based on pressure compensation according to claim 2, characterized in that: A partition is fixedly connected to the middle part of the tube body, and the partition divides the space in the tube body into a water storage space located on the upper side of the partition and a sampling space located on the lower side of the partition. The water pump device includes a piston slidably connected to the water storage space, a piston rod fixedly connected to the upper side of the piston, the upper end of the piston rod is rotatably connected to the top plate, the upper end of the tube body is fixedly connected to an end plate, the piston rod passes through the end plate and is slidably connected to the end plate, a lubrication water chamber is formed between the piston and the end plate, and a compensation water chamber is formed between the piston and the partition, the lubrication water chamber is connected to the water tank through a first water pipe, the first water pipe is provided with a first one-way valve facing the compensation water chamber, the compensation water chamber is connected to the water tank through a second water pipe, and the second water pipe is provided with a valve facing the compensation water chamber. A second one-way valve, the compensating water chamber and the lubricating water chamber are both connected to the second water channel, a third one-way valve facing the outside of the lubricating water chamber is arranged between the lubricating water chamber and the second water channel, and a fourth one-way valve facing the outside of the compensating water chamber is arranged between the compensating water chamber and the second water channel. The water spray plate is also provided with a third water channel running through the inside and outside of the water spray plate, and the inner end of the third water channel is connected to the second water outlet. When the drill rod moves downward, the end plate moves downward, the volume of the lubricating water chamber decreases, and the volume of the compensating water chamber increases. The water in the lubricating water chamber passes through the second water channel and the third water channel and is sprayed to the outside of the water spray plate to reduce the rotational resistance of the drill rod. The water in the water tank enters the compensating water chamber through the second water pipe and the second one-way valve.

6. A geotechnical investigation system based on pressure compensation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer end of the third water channel is inclined upward, and an inclined surface is provided on the upper side of the outer end of the third water channel to expand the opening of the outer end of the third water channel to prevent the third water channel from being blocked.

7. The geotechnical investigation system based on pressure compensation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end sleeve of the pipe body is provided with a first water collecting sleeve, and the middle sleeve of the pipe body is provided with a second water collecting sleeve. The first water collecting sleeve and the second water collecting sleeve are both rotatably connected to the pipe body. The first water collecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the lifting seat through a first connecting rod, and the second water collecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the lifting seat through a second connecting rod. A first annular water trough is provided on the inner side of the first water collecting sleeve, a first joint is fixedly connected to one side of the first water collecting sleeve, the first water pipe is connected to the first joint, a first through hole is provided at the upper end of the pipe body, and the water tank is connected to the lubrication water chamber through the first water pipe, the first joint, the first annular water trough, the first through hole; A second annular water trough is provided on the inner side of the second water collecting sleeve, a second joint is fixedly connected to one side of the second water collecting sleeve, the second joint is connected to the second water pipe, a second through hole is provided in the partition, the second through hole is communicated with the second annular water trough, and the water tank is connected to the compensation water chamber through the second water pipe, the second joint, the second annular water trough, the second through hole.

8. The geotechnical investigation system based on pressure compensation according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting hole is provided at the bottom of the chute, and a limiting protrusion is fixedly connected to the inner side of the water spray plate. When the limiting protrusion abuts against the lower side of the limiting hole, the first water inlet and the second water outlet are connected.

9. The geotechnical investigation system based on pressure compensation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower side of the top plate is fixedly connected with a tee, and the tee includes an input end, a first output end, and a second output end, the input end is connected to a water pump, the first output end is connected to the water tank through a third water pipe, the piston rod is configured as a square tube, the upper end of the square tube is connected to the second output end through a rotary joint, the lower side of the piston is fixedly connected with a plug, a first water washing channel is provided in the piston, the upper end of the first water washing channel is connected to the lower end of the square tube, the lower end of the first water washing channel passes through the lower end of the plug, the lower end of the first water washing channel is fixedly connected with a flange extending inward, a first water stop is provided in the first water washing channel, a first spring for pressing the first water stop down on the flange is provided in the first water washing channel, a water trough is provided at the lower end of the plug, and a plug is provided on the upper side of the partition. The groove, the cross-section of the slot is adapted to the plug, the bottom of the slot is fixedly connected with a pin for pushing the first water stop, and a second water stop is slidably connected in the slot, the pin passes through the second water stop and is slidably connected to the second water stop, the bottom of the slot is connected to the second water stop through a second spring, a second water washing channel is provided in the partition, the lower end of the second water washing channel passes through the lower side of the partition, the second water washing channel is connected to the sampling space, the upper end of the second water washing channel extends to the inner wall of the slot and is provided on the lower side of the second water stop, when the piston and the partition are abutted, the plug is inserted into the slot, the pin pushes the first water stop, and the square tube is connected through the first water washing channel, the water slot, the second water washing channel and the sampling space.

Images