A soil tillage device for vegetable planting

Abstract

The present invention discloses a soil tillage device for vegetable planting. Among them, the soil turning plow knife is fixedly connected to the head of the installation frame and is used to turn up the soil and vegetable residual roots and stems and convey them to the soil breaking and screening component; the soil breaking and screening component is arranged behind the soil turning plow knife and is used to break up the lumpy soil and screen it to the backfilling component; the root and stem crushing component is arranged behind the soil breaking and screening component and is used to collect and crush the vegetable residual roots and stems; the shallow burial component is connected to the downstream end of the root and stem crushing component and is used to spread the crushed vegetable residual roots and stems into the soil; the backfilling component is arranged below the soil breaking and screening component, and the backfilling component is used to backfill the broken soil above the broken vegetable residual roots and stems. It can fully crush and shallowly bury the vegetable residual parts, can break and cover the lumpy soil with the vegetable residual parts, ensure the full fermentation of organic fertilizer in the soil, can quickly complete the tillage of the field for planting vegetables, and shorten the time for soil restoration of the field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production machinery and equipment, in particular to a soil tillage device for vegetable planting. Background Art

[0002] After the planting, picking and harvesting of vegetables, some of their roots, stems, leaves, branches and other parts will remain in the soil. For example, the branches, stems, leaves and roots of vegetables such as eggplant, tomato, zucchini and beans will remain in the fields. The roots of cabbage and Chinese cabbage will remain in the fields, while the stems and leaves of potatoes and sweet potatoes will be scattered in the fields. As the roots of vegetables grow in and out of the surrounding soil, the soil will become severely clumped.

[0003] When plowing the land, traditional tillage devices have difficulty in breaking up the remaining roots, stems, branches, and leaves in the land and burying them directly in the soil layer, which affects the decay efficiency of the remaining plant parts and makes it difficult to effectively utilize the organic matter therein, affecting the subsequent vegetable planting effect. It will also cause the efficiency of the tillage device to be significantly reduced when plowing the land with vegetable residues. Due to the presence of plant residues, it is easy to have uneven fertilization, which prolongs the soil repair time. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a soil tillage device for vegetable planting, which can fully crush and shallowly bury the residual parts of vegetables, can crush the agglomerated soil to cover the residual parts of vegetables, ensure that the organic fertilizer is fully fermented in the soil, can quickly complete the tillage of the field where vegetables are planted, and shorten the time for field soil repair.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: a soil tillage device for vegetable planting, which is matched with a tractor and includes a mounting frame and a soil tillage plow, a soil breaking and screening assembly, a backfill assembly, a root and stem crushing assembly, and a shallow burial assembly matched with the mounting frame. The mounting frame is matched with the rear of the tractor, the soil tillage plow is fixed to the head of the mounting frame, and the soil tillage plow is used to turn up the soil and the residual roots and stems of vegetables and transport them to the soil breaking and screening assembly, the soil breaking and screening assembly is arranged behind the soil tillage plow, and the soil breaking and screening assembly is used to crush the agglomerated soil and screen it to the backfill assembly, the root and stem crushing assembly is arranged behind the soil breaking and screening assembly, and the root and stem crushing assembly is used to collect the residual roots and stems of vegetables for crushing, the shallow burial assembly is connected to the downstream end of the root and stem crushing assembly, and the shallow burial assembly is used to spread the crushed residual roots and stems of vegetables into the land, the backfill assembly is arranged below the soil breaking and screening assembly, and the backfill assembly is used to backfill the crushed soil above the crushed residual roots and stems of vegetables.

[0006] In some of these embodiments, to ensure that the soil-turning plow blade, soil-breaking and screening assembly, backfilling assembly, follow-up crushing assembly, and shallow burial assembly can be stably installed on the installation frame, the following technical solutions regarding the installation frame are provided.

[0007] The installation frame includes a connection seat, a processing box, a support frame, and a traction frame. The soil-turning plow blade is fixedly connected to the head of the connection seat, and the processing box is fixedly connected to the tail of the connection seat. The soil-breaking and screening assembly, backfilling assembly, and root and stem crushing assembly are all installed in the processing box in a matching manner. The support frame is fixedly connected to the tail of the processing box, and a support wheel is rotatably installed at the upper bottom of the support frame. The traction frame is fixedly connected to the connection seat, and the traction frame is hinged to the tail of the tractor.

[0008] In some of these embodiments, to ensure that the soil-turning plow blade can effectively act on the soil, shovel up and collect the shallow soil and the accompanying vegetable residual roots and stems, and transfer them to the processing box, the following technical solutions are provided.

[0009] The soil-turning plow blade includes a soil-shoveling section, a diversion section, and a connection section that are fixedly connected to each other from bottom to top. The soil-shoveling section is obliquely inserted into the soil. The diversion section is arranged as a diversion slope with a convex outer side and a concave inner side. The connection section extends towards the side of the processing box. The soil-turning plow blade includes two rows, front and back, fixedly connected to the connection seat, and the front-row soil-turning plow blades and the back-row soil-turning plow blades are arranged staggeredly.

[0010] In some of these embodiments, to ensure that the soil-breaking and screening assembly can be stably installed in the processing box, and after crushing and screening the caked soil in the processing box, it can also ensure that the roots, stems, and residual leaves of the vegetables are transmitted to the root and stem crushing assembly, the following technical solutions for the soil-breaking and screening assembly are provided.

[0011] The soil-breaking and screening assembly includes a screening plate, an extrusion fixed seat, an extrusion sliding seat, and a driving shaft. The screening plate is obliquely fixedly connected to the processing box. The root and stem crushing assembly is arranged on the downstream side of the screening plate, and the backfilling assembly is arranged on the lower side of the screening plate. The extrusion fixed seat includes multiple groups that are evenly fixedly connected to the screening plate and arranged in the same straight-line direction. The extrusion sliding seat includes multiple groups that are evenly arranged on the screening plate, and the extrusion sliding seat and the extrusion fixed seat are arranged at intervals and are slidably connected. A guide post is fixedly connected to each extrusion sliding seat. The driving shaft is rotatably installed in the processing box, and multiple groups of closed guide grooves are formed on the driving shaft. The guide post and the closed guide groove are slidably combined.

[0012] In some of these embodiments, to ensure that the backfilling assembly can effectively collect the soil screened by the screening plate, discharge the collected soil from below the processing box, and backfill it into the empty space shoveled away by the soil-turning plow blade, the following technical solutions are provided.

[0013] The backfill component includes a diversion plate, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the treatment tank and arranged obliquely. A discharge opening is formed in the bottom of the treatment tank, and the discharge opening is arranged on the downstream side of the diversion plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, to ensure that the root and stem crushing component can effectively collect the residual roots, stems, and leaves of vegetables passing through the soil-breaking and screening component and quickly crush each residual part of the vegetables, the following technical solutions regarding the root and stem crushing component are provided.

[0015] A crushing cavity is formed in the treatment tank on the downstream side of the screening plate. The root and stem crushing component is installed in the crushing cavity. The root and stem crushing component includes crushing rollers, a mounting shaft, and spiral conveying blades. The crushing rollers include two groups arranged side by side and rotatably installed at the top of the crushing cavity. Transmission gears that mesh with each other are fixedly connected to the ends of the two groups of crushing rollers. The mounting shaft is rotatably installed at the bottom of the crushing cavity. The spiral conveying blades include two groups wound around the periphery of the mounting shaft and fixedly connected to the mounting shaft. The spiral directions of the two groups of spiral conveying blades are arranged in opposite directions. The shallow burial component is arranged on both sides of the bottom of the crushing cavity.

[0016] In some embodiments, to ensure that the shallow burial component and the root and stem crushing component cooperate to output the crushed vegetable residues to the dug field and evenly spread the vegetable residues, the following technical solutions regarding the shallow burial component are provided.

[0017] The shallow burial component includes a transmission pipeline and a spreading baffle. The transmission pipeline includes two groups respectively connected to both sides of the bottom of the crushing cavity. The upstream end of the transmission pipeline is in communication with both sides of the crushing cavity. The downstream end of the transmission pipeline is arranged obliquely downward and extends between the soil-turning plow blades and the discharge opening. The spreading baffle is set in a V-shaped structure and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the treatment tank, and the spreading baffle is arranged between the downstream end of the transmission pipeline and the discharge opening.

[0018] In some embodiments, to ensure the stable operation of the drive shaft in the soil-breaking and screening component, the crushing rollers and the mounting shaft in the root and stem crushing component, so as to drive the normal operation of the soil-breaking and screening component and the root and stem crushing component and complete their designed functions, the following technical solutions are provided.

[0019] A reduction motor is also fixedly connected to the top of the treatment tank. A first pulley is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the reduction motor. A second pulley, a third pulley, and a fourth pulley are fixedly connected to the drive shaft and arranged outside the treatment tank. Power transmission is achieved between the first pulley and the second pulley through a belt. A fifth pulley is fixedly connected to one of the crushing rollers and arranged outside the treatment tank. Power transmission is achieved between the third pulley and the fifth pulley through a belt. A sixth pulley is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting shaft and arranged outside the treatment tank. Power transmission is achieved between the fourth pulley and the sixth pulley through a belt.

[0020] In some of these implementations, during the process of soil tillage, in order to facilitate synchronous fertilization and drug addition to improve soil fertility, the following technical solutions are also provided.

[0021] A fertilizer storage box is fixed above the treatment box. The fertilizer storage box is arranged at the top of the crushing cavity, and a plurality of groups of flow control valves extending into the inner side of the crushing cavity are uniformly installed at the bottom of the fertilizer storage box.

[0022] Advantages of the present invention: When the tractor pulls the installation frame and the assembled components to move forward, the soil turning plow blade shovels up the shallow soil in the field and the residual components of vegetables and transfers them to the soil breaking and screening component. The soil breaking and screening component breaks the caked soil and ensures the normal passage of the residual components of vegetables. The broken soil is screened into the backfilling component for soil backfilling. After the residual components of vegetables are broken by the root and stem breaking component, they are spread evenly in the field by the shallow burial component, and then the broken soil is backfilled onto the broken residual components of vegetables by the backfilling component. It can fully break and shallowly bury the residual components of vegetables and apply them as fertilizers for the next vegetable planting period. It can break the caked soil and cover the residual components of vegetables to ensure the full fermentation of organic fertilizers in the soil. As for the overall tillage device, it can quickly complete the tillage of the field where vegetables are planted and shorten the time for soil restoration of the field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the invention;

[0024] Figure 2 For the Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective;

[0025] Figure 3 For the Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure from yet another perspective;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a layout and structure pattern diagram of the soil turning plow blade;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the installation frame;

[0028] Figure 6 For the Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shallow burial component and the connecting frame;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fertilizer storage box;

[0031] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the power connection of the reduction motor and each component;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the soil-breaking screening component, the backfill component, and the root and stem crushing component are installed in a processing box.

[0033] In the figure: 11 connecting seat, 111 supporting rod, 12 processing box, 121 dust cover, 122 processing port, 123 discharging port, 124 crushing chamber, 13 supporting frame, 131 supporting wheel, 14 traction frame, 141 hydraulic telescopic cylinder, 15 connecting frame, 2 soil plow blade, 21 shovel section, 22 diversion section, 23 connecting section, 31 screening plate, 32 extrusion fixed seat, 33 extrusion slide, 331 guide column, 34 driving shaft, 341 closed guide groove, 342 second pulley, 343 third pulley, 344 fourth pulley, 35 guide strip, 41 guide plate, 51 crushing roller, 511 transmission gear, 512 fifth pulley, 52 mounting shaft, 521 sixth pulley, 53 spiral conveying blade, 61 transmission pipeline, 62 paving baffle, 7 reduction motor, 71 first pulley, 8 fertilizer storage box, 81 flow control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] See also Figure 1-10 , and combined with the following embodiments, the technical solution of the present application, the working principle of the various components and the beneficial effects compared with the existing related equipment are explained. Example

[0036] A soil tillage device for vegetable planting is matched with a tractor and comprises a mounting frame and a soil tillage plow 2 matched with the mounting frame, a soil breaking and screening component, a backfill component, a root and stem crushing component, and a shallow burial component.

[0037] The mounting frame is connected to the rear of the tractor, the soil-turning plow 2 is fixed to the head of the mounting frame, and the soil-turning plow 2 is used to turn up the soil and residual vegetable roots and stems and transport them to the soil-breaking and screening assembly, the soil-breaking and screening assembly is arranged behind the soil-turning plow 2, and the soil-breaking and screening assembly is used to crush the agglomerated soil and screen it to the backfill assembly, the root and stem crushing assembly is arranged behind the soil-breaking and screening assembly, and the root and stem crushing assembly is used to collect the residual vegetable roots and stems for crushing, the shallow buried assembly is connected to the downstream end of the root and stem crushing assembly, and the shallow buried assembly is used to spread the crushed residual vegetable roots and stems into the land, the backfill assembly is arranged below the soil-breaking and screening assembly, and the backfill assembly is used to backfill the crushed soil above the crushed residual vegetable roots and stems.

[0038] After the planting, picking and harvesting of vegetables, some of their roots, stems, leaves, branches and other parts will remain in the soil. For example, the branches, stems, leaves and roots of vegetables such as eggplant, tomato, zucchini and beans will remain in the fields. The roots of cabbage and Chinese cabbage will remain in the fields, while the stems and leaves of potatoes and sweet potatoes will be scattered in the fields. As the roots of vegetables grow in and out of the surrounding soil, the soil will become severely clumped.

[0039] When the tractor pulls the mounting frame and the assembled components forward, due to the structural design of the soil-turning plow 2, the shallow soil in the field and the residual components such as roots, stems and leaves of vegetables can be shoveled up and transferred to the soil-breaking screening component. The soil-breaking screening component can ensure the normal passage of the residual components of vegetables when breaking the agglomerated soil. The crushed soil can be screened into the backfill component for soil backfilling. After the residual components of the vegetables are crushed by the root and stem crushing component, they are evenly spread into the field by the shallow burying component, and then the backfill component backfills the crushed soil onto the crushed residual components of the vegetables. After the soil is processed by the tilling device, the residual components of the vegetables can be fully crushed and shallowly buried, and used as fertilizer in the next vegetable planting period. The agglomerated soil can be crushed to cover the residual components of the vegetables, ensuring that the organic fertilizer is fully fermented in the soil.

[0040] The coordinated operation of the soil plow blade 2, the soil breaking and screening component, the backfill component, the root and stem crushing component, and the shallow burial component can quickly complete the plowing of the field where vegetables are planted and shorten the time for repairing the field soil. Example

[0041] In order to ensure that the soil plow 2, soil breaking and screening assembly, backfill assembly, follow-up crushing assembly, and shallow buried assembly can be stably installed on the mounting frame, the following technical solution for mounting the frame is provided.

[0042] The installation frame includes a connecting seat 11, a processing box 12, a support frame 13, and a traction frame 14. The soil-turning plow blade 2 is fixedly connected to the head of the connecting seat 11, the processing box 12 is fixedly connected to the tail of the connecting seat 11, the soil-breaking and screening assembly, the backfilling assembly, and the root and stem crushing assembly are all installed in the processing box 12 in a supporting manner. The support frame 13 is fixedly connected to the tail of the processing box 12, and a support wheel 131 is rotatably installed at the upper bottom of the support frame 13. The traction frame 14 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 11, and the traction frame 14 is hinged to the tail of the tractor.

[0043] To facilitate controlling the angle of the tillage device to turn up and down, one end of a hydraulic telescopic cylinder 141 is also hinged to the head of the traction frame 14, and the other end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 141 is also hinged to the tail of the tractor. When controlling the contraction movement of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 141, it can drive the installation frame and all components thereon to turn up as a whole, so that the tillage device is disengaged from the ground contact. When the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 141 extends, it can drive the installation frame and all components thereon to turn down as a whole, and then the tillage device contacts the land. During the process of the tractor driving the tillage device to move forward, it acts with the drive motor to drive the soil-turning plow blade 2, the soil-breaking and screening assembly, the backfilling assembly, the root and stem crushing assembly, and the shallow burial assembly to operate to complete the tillage work of the vegetable planting soil.

[0044] To ensure that the connecting seat 11 can be stably connected to the soil-turning plow blade 2, and further ensure the stability of the soil-turning plow blade 2 during operation and when rolling up the soil, a support rod arranged obliquely downward is fixedly connected to the front side of the connecting seat 11, and the other end of the support rod is welded to the soil-turning plow blade 2. During the process of the soil-turning plow blade 2 moving forward synchronously with the installation frame and the tractor, the support rod can stably support the soil-turning plow blade 2.

[0045] To ensure that the surface soil and vegetable residual roots collected by the soil-turning plow blade 2 can effectively enter the processing box 12 and be effectively processed by the soil-breaking and screening assembly and the root and stem crushing assembly assembled in the processing box 12, and to avoid dust scattering during the processing, a dust-proof cover 121 is installed on the top of the processing box 12, and a processing through-port 122 is opened at the head of the processing box 12. Embodiment

[0046] To ensure that the soil-turning plow blade 2 can effectively act on the soil, shovel up and collect the shallow soil and the accompanying vegetable residual roots and transfer them to the processing box 12, the following technical solutions are provided.

[0047] The soil-turning plow blade 2 includes a soil-shoveling section 21, a diversion section 22, and a connecting section 23 that are fixedly connected to each other from bottom to top. The soil-shoveling section 21 is obliquely inserted into the soil. The diversion section 22 is set as a diversion slope with a convex outer side and a concave inner side. The connecting section 23 extends towards the side of the processing box 12. The soil-turning plow blade 2 includes two rows, front and back, fixedly connected to the connecting seat 11, and the front row of soil-turning plow blades 2 and the back row of soil-turning plow blades 2 are arranged staggeredly.

[0048] The soil-shoveling section 21 is in the shape of a sharp blade, which can insert into the soil to turn the soil over. During the overall forward movement of the tillage device, the continuously turned soil, as well as the residual roots and leaves of vegetables mixed in it, will push the previously turned soil, roots, and leaves into the diversion section 22, and then enter the treatment box 12 through the connection section 23.

[0049] Two rows of soil-turning plow blades 2 are provided, and the rear row of soil-turning plow blades 2 is installed at the gap between two adjacent groups of the front row of soil-turning plow blades 2, maintaining a staggered arrangement, which can turn over all the soil, roots, and residual leaves on the path of the tractor and transport them to the inside of the treatment box 12. Embodiment

[0050] To ensure that the soil-breaking and screening component can be stably installed in the treatment box 12, and after breaking and screening the caked soil in the treatment box 12, it can also ensure that the residual roots, stems, and leaves of vegetables are transported to the root and stem crushing component. The following technical solution of the soil-breaking and screening component is provided.

[0051] The soil-breaking and screening component includes a screening plate 31, an extrusion fixed seat 32, an extrusion sliding seat 33, and a driving shaft 34. The screening plate 31 is fixedly connected obliquely to the treatment box 12. The root and stem crushing component is arranged on the downstream side of the screening plate 31, and the backfilling component is arranged on the lower side of the screening plate 31. The extrusion fixed seat 32 includes multiple groups evenly fixedly connected to the screening plate 31 and arranged in the same straight line direction. The extrusion sliding seat 33 includes multiple groups evenly arranged on the screening plate 31, and the extrusion sliding seat 33 and the extrusion fixed seat 32 are arranged at intervals. The extrusion sliding seat 33 is slidably connected to the extrusion fixed seat 32. A guide post 331 is fixedly connected to each extrusion sliding seat 33. The driving shaft 34 is rotatably installed in the treatment box 12, and multiple groups of closed guide grooves 341 are formed on the driving shaft 34. The guide post 331 is slidably combined with the closed guide grooves 341.

[0052] When the driving shaft 34 rotates, the closed guide grooves 341 on it will rotate accordingly, which can drive the guide post 331 to reciprocate within the stroke range of the closed guide grooves 341, and then make the extrusion sliding seat 33 reciprocate between two adjacent groups of extrusion fixed seats 32. When the caked soil, residual roots, stems, and leaves of vegetables move downward along the obliquely arranged screening plate 31 and pass through the extrusion sliding seat 33 and the extrusion fixed seat 32, the reciprocating extrusion sliding seat 33 can break up the caked soil, while the residual roots, stems, and leaves of vegetables will not be broken by the interaction between the extrusion sliding seat 33 and the extrusion fixed seat 32 due to their high water content and the toughness of plant fibers.

[0053] The screening plate 31 can screen out the small soil particles in the treatment box 12 and the soil broken by the extrusion fixed seat 32 and the extrusion sliding seat 33 and let them leak down to the backfilling component, while the residual roots, stems, and leaves of vegetables fall into the root and stem crushing component from the downstream side of the screening plate 31 for crushing treatment.

[0054] To ensure that the screening plate 31 can screen the soil as completely as possible into the backfilling assembly, a bulge is provided on the downstream side of the screening plate 31, which can effectively intercept the soil and extend the acting time on the screening plate 31.

[0055] To ensure that the extrusion sliding seat 33 and the extrusion fixed seat 32 can be stably combined in a relatively sliding manner, a guide groove is provided at the top of the extrusion fixed seat 32, and a guide bar 35 that is slidably nested with the guide groove is connected to the top of each extrusion sliding seat 33 to ensure the stable combination of the two.

[0056] To ensure that the backfilling assembly can effectively collect the soil screened by the screening plate 31 and discharge the collected soil from below the treatment tank 12 and backfill it into the empty space shoveled by the soil-turning plow blade 2, the following technical solutions are provided.

[0057] The backfilling assembly includes a diversion plate 41, the diversion plate 41 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the treatment tank 12 and is arranged obliquely, a discharge opening 123 is provided at the bottom of the treatment tank 12, and the discharge opening 123 is arranged on the downstream side of the diversion plate 41.

[0058] The small-particle soil screened by the screening plate 31 is collected in the diversion plate 41 and flows along the diversion plate 41 to the downstream end, and is discharged through the discharge opening 123 and then backfilled into the empty space where the soil has been shoveled by the soil-turning plow blade 2, and the vegetable residual roots, stems, and leaves previously scattered and spread evenly by the shallow-burial assembly are landfilled to achieve the purpose of backfilling the soil. Embodiment

[0059] To ensure that the root and stem crushing assembly can effectively collect the vegetable residual roots, stems, and leaves passing through the soil-breaking and screening assembly and quickly crush each residual part of the vegetables, the following technical solutions regarding the root and stem crushing assembly are provided.

[0060] A crushing chamber 124 is provided in the treatment tank 12 and is arranged on the downstream side of the screening plate 31. The root and stem crushing assembly is installed in the crushing chamber 124. The root and stem crushing assembly includes crushing rollers 51, a mounting shaft 52, and spiral conveying blades 53. The crushing rollers 51 include two groups arranged side by side and rotatably installed at the top of the crushing chamber 124. Transmission gears 511 that mesh with each other are fixedly connected to the ends of the two groups of crushing rollers 51. The mounting shaft 52 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the crushing chamber 124. The spiral conveying blades 53 include two groups wound around the periphery of the mounting shaft 52 and fixedly connected to the mounting shaft 52. The spiral directions of the two groups of spiral conveying blades 53 are arranged in opposite directions. The shallow-burial assembly is arranged on both sides of the bottom of the crushing chamber 124.

[0061] The vegetable residue components passing through the soil-breaking and screening assembly enter the crushing chamber 124 through the protrusions on the screening plate 31 under the impetus of the subsequent soil and vegetable residue components. The two groups of crushing rollers 51 rotate in opposite directions under the action of the transmission gears 511, thereby crushing vegetable residue roots, stems, branches, residual leaves, etc. and dropping them to the bottom of the crushing chamber 124. When the mounting shaft 52 and the spiral conveyor blades 53 thereon rotate, the crushed vegetable residue components are transferred to both sides of the crushing chamber 124 and enter the shallow burial assembly, and the shallow burial assembly inputs the crushed vegetable residue into the field and spreads it evenly.

[0062] To ensure that the shallow burial assembly cooperates with the root and stem crushing assembly to output the crushed vegetable residue to the dug field and spread the vegetable residue evenly, the following technical solutions for the shallow burial assembly are provided.

[0063] The shallow burial assembly includes a transmission pipeline 61 and a spreading baffle 62. The transmission pipeline 61 includes two groups respectively connected to both sides of the bottom of the crushing chamber 124. The upstream end of the transmission pipeline 61 is kept in communication with both sides of the crushing chamber 124. The downstream end of the transmission pipeline 61 is arranged obliquely downward and extends between the soil-turning plow blade 2 and the discharge opening 123. The spreading baffle 62 is arranged in a V-shaped structure and fixedly connected to the bottom of the treatment box 12, and the spreading baffle 62 is arranged between the downstream end of the transmission pipeline 61 and the discharge opening 123.

[0064] Through the action of the mounting shaft 52 and the spiral conveyor blades 53 thereon, the crushed vegetable residue components in the crushing chamber 124 can be transported to the transmission pipelines 61 on both sides, and then discharged from the downstream end of the transmission pipeline 61 and transported to both sides of the soil-turning plow blade 2. Then, the two vegetable residue components are leveled by the passing spreading baffle 62. Since the spreading baffle 62 is arranged in a V-shaped structure, the vegetable residue on both sides can be spread evenly towards the center, ensuring that the crushed vegetable residue components are evenly spread in the field where the surface soil has been shoveled off.

[0065] To ensure that the transmission pipeline 61 and the spreading baffle 62 can be stably installed on both sides and the bottom of the treatment box 12, a connecting frame 15 is also fixedly connected to the bottom of the treatment box 12, and the transmission pipeline 61 and the spreading baffle 62 are both fixedly connected to the connecting frame 15. Embodiment

[0066] To ensure the stable operation of the drive shaft 34 in the soil-breaking and screening assembly, the crushing rollers 51 and the mounting shaft 52 in the root and stem crushing assembly, so as to drive the normal operation of the soil-breaking and screening assembly and the root and stem crushing assembly and complete their designed functions, the following technical solutions are provided.

[0067] A speed reduction motor 7 is also fixedly connected to the top of the processing box 12. A first pulley 71 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the speed reduction motor 7. Second pulleys 342, third pulleys 343, and fourth pulleys 344 arranged outside the processing box 12 are fixedly connected to the drive shaft 34. Power transmission is achieved between the first pulley 71 and the second pulley 342 through a belt. A fifth pulley 512 arranged outside the processing box 12 is fixedly connected to one set of crushing rollers 51. Power transmission is achieved between the third pulley 343 and the fifth pulley 512 through a belt. A sixth pulley 521 arranged outside the processing box 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting shaft 52. Power transmission is achieved between the fourth pulley 344 and the sixth pulley 521 through a belt.

[0068] When the speed reduction motor 7 operates, power is output from its supporting rotating shaft and drives the first pulley 71 to rotate. Due to the combination of the first pulley 71 and the second pulley 342, the drive shaft 34 and the second pulley 342, third pulley 343, and fourth pulley 344 assembled thereon can be driven to rotate synchronously, while ensuring that the drive shaft 34 drives the soil-breaking and screening assembly to operate stably. Due to the combination of the third pulley 343 and the fifth pulley 512, the associated crushing rollers 51 can be driven to rotate stably. Furthermore, through the cooperation of the two sets of transmission gears 511, the two sets of crushing rollers 51 can be ensured to rotate synchronously and in opposite directions to quickly cut and crush the plant residual components passing through the two sets of crushing rollers 51. Due to the combination of the fourth pulley 344 and the sixth pulley 521, the mounting shaft 52 and the two sets of spiral conveying blades 53 thereon can be driven to rotate synchronously, and then the vegetable residues after crushing treatment are transferred to both sides of the crushing cavity 124. Embodiment

[0069] In addition to the above embodiments using the speed reduction motor 7 as the power source for the soil-breaking and screening assembly and the root and stem crushing assembly, the engine assembled on the tractor can also be used as the power source to replace the speed reduction motor 7.

[0070] A vertical connecting shaft and a horizontal connecting shaft are assembled above the processing box 12 and are vertically distributed. Power transmission between the vertical connecting shaft and the horizontal connecting shaft is achieved through tapered gears that mesh with each other. The vertical connecting shaft is connected to the output shaft of the tractor engine through a universal joint to achieve power transmission. The horizontal connecting shaft is equivalent to the rotating shaft of the speed reduction motor 7. A first pulley 71 is assembled on the horizontal connecting shaft. The same as the above embodiment, power transmission is achieved between the first pulley 71 and the second pulley 342 on the drive shaft 34 through a belt. Thus, the output power of the tractor engine can be used to drive the soil-breaking and screening assembly and the root and stem crushing assembly to operate. Embodiment

[0071] During the process of soil tillage, in order to facilitate synchronous fertilization and drug addition to improve soil fertility, the following technical solutions are also provided.

[0072] Above the processing box 12, a fertilizer storage box 8 is fixedly installed. The fertilizer storage box 8 is arranged at the top of the crushing chamber 124, and a plurality of groups of flow control valves 81 extending into the inner side of the crushing chamber 124 are evenly installed at the bottom of the fertilizer storage box 8.

[0073] The fertilizer stored in the fertilizer storage box 8 can be transported into the crushing chamber 124 according to a certain amount through the flow control valve 81. The fertilizer evenly input into the crushing chamber 124 is mixed with the vegetables for reference, and after being crushed by the crushing roller 51, it is transported to the fields through the shallow burial component.

[0074] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0075] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to the embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A soil tillage device for vegetable planting, which is matched with a tractor and connected to the tractor, comprises a mounting frame and a soil tillage plow (2) matched with the mounting frame, a soil breaking and screening assembly, a backfill assembly, a root and stem crushing assembly, and a shallow burial assembly, wherein the mounting frame is matched with the rear of the tractor, the soil tillage plow (2) is fixedly connected to the head of the mounting frame, and the soil tillage plow (2) is used to turn up soil and residual vegetable roots and stems and transport them to the soil breaking and screening assembly, the soil breaking and screening assembly is arranged behind the soil tillage plow (2), and the soil breaking and screening assembly is used to crush agglomerated soil and screen it to the backfill assembly, the root and stem crushing assembly is arranged behind the soil breaking and screening assembly, and the root and stem crushing assembly is used to collect residual vegetable roots and stems for crushing, the shallow burial assembly is connected to the downstream end of the root and stem crushing assembly, and the shallow burial assembly is used to spread the crushed residual vegetable roots and stems into the soil, the backfill assembly is arranged below the soil breaking and screening assembly, and the backfill assembly is used to backfill the crushed soil above the crushed residual vegetable roots and stems; The soil plow (2) comprises a soil shoveling section (21), a diversion section (22), and a connecting section (23) which are fixedly connected to each other from bottom to top; the soil shoveling section (21) is inserted obliquely into the soil; and the diversion section (22) is configured as a diversion slope with a convex outer side and a concave inner side. The soil-breaking screening assembly comprises a screening plate (31), an extrusion fixed seat (32), an extrusion slide seat (33), and a drive shaft (34); the extrusion fixed seat (32) comprises a plurality of groups uniformly fixed to the screening plate (31) and arranged in the same straight line direction; the extrusion slide seat (33) comprises a plurality of groups uniformly arranged on the screening plate (31); the extrusion slide seat (33) and the extrusion fixed seat (32) are arranged alternately; the extrusion slide seat (33) and the extrusion fixed seat (32) are slidably connected; each extrusion slide seat (33) A guide column (331) is fixedly connected to each of the guide columns (331), and a driving shaft (34) is rotatably installed in the processing box (12). A plurality of closed guide grooves (341) are provided on the driving shaft (34). The guide columns (331) and the closed guide grooves (341) are slidably assembled. When the driving shaft (34) rotates, the closed guide grooves (341) thereon operate accordingly, and can drive the guide columns (331) to reciprocate within the travel range of the closed guide grooves (341). The reciprocating extrusion slide (33) can break up the agglomerated soil.

2. The soil tillage device for vegetable planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting frame comprises a connecting seat (11), a processing box (12), a supporting frame (13), and a traction frame (14); the soil-turning plow blade (2) is fixedly connected to the head of the connecting seat (11); the processing box (12) is fixedly connected to the rear of the connecting seat (11); the soil-breaking screening assembly, the backfilling assembly, and the root and stem crushing assembly are all installed in the processing box (12); the supporting frame (13) is fixedly connected to the rear of the processing box (12); a supporting wheel (131) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the supporting frame (13); the traction frame (14) is fixedly connected to the connecting seat (11), and the traction frame (14) is hinged to the rear of the tractor.

3. A soil tillage device for vegetable planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting section (23) extends and is arranged towards the side of the processing box (12); the soil-turning plow blades (2) include two rows fixedly connected to the connecting seat (11), and the front-row soil-turning plow blades (2) and the rear-row soil-turning plow blades (2) are arranged staggeredly.

4. The soil tillage device for vegetable planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screening plate (31) is fixedly connected to the processing box (12) obliquely. The root crushing assembly is arranged on the downstream side of the screening plate (31), and the backfilling assembly is arranged on the lower side of the screening plate (31).

5. The soil tillage device for vegetable planting according to claim 4, wherein: The backfilling assembly includes a diversion plate (41). The diversion plate (41) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the processing box (12) and is arranged obliquely. A discharge through-hole (123) is formed in the bottom of the processing box (12), and the discharge through-hole (123) is arranged on the downstream side of the diversion plate (41).

6. The soil tillage device for vegetable planting according to claim 4, characterized in that: A crushing cavity (124) is formed in the processing box (12) on the downstream side of the screening plate (31). The root crushing assembly is installed in the crushing cavity (124) in a matching manner. The root crushing assembly includes crushing rollers (51), mounting shafts (52), and spiral conveying blades (53). The crushing rollers (51) include two groups arranged side by side and rotatably installed at the top of the crushing cavity (124). Transmission gears (511) that mesh with each other are fixedly connected to the ends of the two groups of crushing rollers (51). The mounting shafts (52) are rotatably installed at the bottom of the crushing cavity (124). The spiral conveying blades (53) include two groups wound around the periphery of the mounting shafts (52) and fixedly connected to the mounting shafts (52). The spiral directions of the two groups of spiral conveying blades (53) are arranged in opposite directions. The shallow burial assembly is arranged on both sides of the bottom of the crushing cavity (124).

7. The soil tillage device for vegetable planting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shallow burial assembly includes transmission pipes (61) and spreading baffles (62). The transmission pipes (61) include two groups respectively connected to both sides of the bottom of the crushing cavity (124). The upstream ends of the transmission pipes (61) are communicated with both sides of the crushing cavity (124). The downstream ends of the transmission pipes (61) are arranged obliquely downward and extend between the soil-turning plow blades (2) and the discharge through-hole (123). The spreading baffle (62) is arranged in a V-shaped structure and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the processing box (12), and the spreading baffle (62) is arranged between the downstream end of the transmission pipe (61) and the discharge through-hole (123).

8. A soil tillage device for vegetable planting according to claim 6, characterized in that: A reduction motor (7) is also fixedly connected to the top of the processing box (12). A first pulley (71) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the reduction motor (7). A second pulley (342), a third pulley (343), and a fourth pulley (344) are fixedly connected to the driving shaft (34) and are arranged outside the processing box (12). Power transmission is achieved between the first pulley (71) and the second pulley (342) through a belt. A fifth pulley (512) is fixedly connected to one of the groups of crushing rollers (51) and is arranged outside the processing box (12). Power transmission is achieved between the third pulley (343) and the fifth pulley (512) through a belt. One end of the mounting shaft (52) is fixedly connected to a sixth pulley (521) arranged outside the processing box (12). Power transmission is achieved between the fourth pulley (344) and the sixth pulley (521) through a belt.

9. The soil tillage device for vegetable planting according to claim 6, characterized in that: Above the processing box (12), a fertilizer storage box (8) is fixed. The fertilizer storage box (8) is arranged at the top of the crushing cavity (124). A plurality of groups of flow control valves (81) extending into the inner side of the crushing cavity (124) are uniformly installed at the bottom of the fertilizer storage box (8).

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