Fish swimming ability measuring device and testing method

Abstract

The present invention provides a device and method for measuring fish swimming ability. The test pool includes a water outlet area, a test area, and a drainage area. The water outlet area is connected to multiple outlet pipes. The test area includes at least two groups of fish interceptors, each equipped with multiple liftable mesh panels that form a fish interception wall. A measurement rack is provided between adjacent fish interceptors, and the measurement rack is equipped with a monitoring device. The test pool bottom is made of fully transparent glass, or an observation tank is provided at the bottom of the test area, with glass above the observation tank and multiple first cameras installed inside the observation tank. A movable monitoring shed is also provided above the test pool, with multiple second cameras installed inside the monitoring shed. The overall testing device is well-structured and can test the swimming ability of various fish schools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fish experiments, in particular to a device for measuring fish swimming ability and a testing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Swimming, as the primary means by which fish escape, migrate, reproduce, and feed, provides a fundamental guarantee for their survival, growth, and reproduction, and is therefore of great ecological significance. In recent years, the construction of numerous water conservancy projects has blocked fish migration pathways, altered river flow patterns, and severely impacted the survival and reproduction of many fish species. Against this backdrop, the construction of fishways and other facilities during water conservancy projects has become increasingly important and is receiving increasing attention. Research on fish swimming ability is crucial for fishway design, providing essential data and reference for the conservation, development, and utilization of fish species.

[0003] The rapid development of water conservancy projects has disrupted river connectivity and blocked fish migration pathways. As a crucial engineering compensation and mitigation measure, fish passages are subject to increasingly stringent design and construction requirements. The rational and scientific design of water flow rates is crucial for their efficient operation. A small number of researchers have independently developed devices to measure fish swimming ability, but these devices often suffer from issues such as an inability to operate at low speeds, numerous vortices and blind spots within the swimming tubes, and surface ripples that hinder behavioral observation of test fish. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a fish swimming ability measuring device and a testing method thereof, so as to solve the common problems of other fish swimming ability measuring devices, such as the inability to achieve low-speed operation, the presence of many vortices and dead corners in the swimming tube, and the ripples on the water surface making it difficult to observe the behavior of the test fish.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts a technical solution: a device for measuring fish swimming ability, comprising a test pool including a water outlet area, a test area, and a drainage area, wherein the water outlet area is connected to a plurality of outlet pipes, the test area includes at least two sets of fish intercepting frames, each of which is provided with a plurality of liftable mesh panels, the plurality of mesh panels forming a fish intercepting wall, and a measuring frame provided between adjacent fish intercepting frames, wherein the measuring frame is provided with a monitoring device;

[0006] The bottom of the test pool is fully transparent glass, or an observation slot is provided at the bottom of the test area, glass is provided above the observation slot, and multiple first cameras are provided inside the observation slot;

[0007] There is also a movable monitoring shed above the test pool, which is equipped with multiple second cameras.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, a voltage barrier is provided on one side of the measuring frame, and the voltage barrier includes a mounting crossbar, the ends of which are fixed on the measuring frame, or the ends of which are fixed on the test pool, and a plurality of positive poles and at least one negative pole are provided below the mounting crossbar, and the positive poles and the negative poles are arranged to form a voltage fish barrier wall;

[0009] The positive pole and the negative pole are electrically connected to the positive and negative cables installed inside the crossbar, and the cables are electrically connected to the voltage box.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, a plurality of partitions are provided on the water outlet area, the water outlet pipe is provided between adjacent partitions, and an electric valve is provided on the water outlet pipe;

[0011] 5-8 baffles form the water outlet control area. 5-8 baffles are set on both sides of the water outlet area. There is a gap between the two groups of water outlet control areas to form vortex and dead corner areas.

[0012] A concave trough body is provided at the end of the water outlet area, and the lower end of the water outlet pipe is close to the bottom of the concave trough body.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the fish stopper includes a first fish stopper and a second fish stopper, the measuring frame is arranged between the first fish stopper and the second fish stopper, and both ends of the first fish stopper and the second fish stopper are slidably connected to both sides of the testing pool.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the first fish intercepting frame includes a first sliding walkway, a plurality of mesh panels are provided on one side of the first sliding walkway, and a slide groove is further provided on the first sliding walkway, and the mesh panels are slidably connected to the slide groove;

[0015] The lower end of the mesh plate is close to the bottom of the test pool and there is a distance between them;

[0016] A fixing pin is provided on the first sliding walkway. The fixing pin passes through one side of the first sliding walkway and the mesh plate, and the fixing pin fixes the position of the mesh plate.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, both ends of the measuring frame are slidably connected to the test pool, the measuring frame includes a second sliding walkway, a first driving motor is provided on one side of the second sliding walkway, the first driving motor is provided with a gear, and the test pool is provided with a first rack, and the gear of the first driving motor is meshed with the first rack;

[0018] The measuring frame is provided with a measuring instrument mounting frame, and the measuring instrument mounting frame is provided with a water flow velocity measuring instrument, a temperature sensor, a water quality sensor and a voltage measuring device;

[0019] The measuring instrument mounting frame is connected to the measuring frame in a horizontal and vertical sliding manner.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring instrument mounting frame includes a first sliding plate, the first sliding plate is connected to the second sliding walkway in a transverse sliding manner, the second sliding walkway is provided with a third rack, the third driving motor on the first sliding plate is provided with a gear, and the gear of the third driving motor is meshed with the third rack;

[0021] A second sliding plate is provided on the first sliding plate, the second sliding plate is connected to the first sliding plate in an up-and-down sliding manner, a second rack is provided on the first sliding plate, and a gear of the second driving motor on the first sliding plate is meshed with the second rack;

[0022] A locking frame is provided on the second sliding plate, and a water flow velocity measuring instrument, a temperature sensor, a water quality sensor and a voltage measuring device are provided on the locking frame.

[0023] In the preferred embodiment, a truss is provided above the test pool, and the monitoring shed is connected to a traveling device on the truss;

[0024] The outer ring of the monitoring shed is equipped with multiple blackout curtains, and the rollers of the blackout curtains are connected to the winding motor;

[0025] There are also multiple fish lights inside the monitoring shed, and multiple second cameras are installed on one side of the fish lights.

[0026] In the preferred embodiment, a partition wall is provided between the drainage area and the test area, a plurality of drainage gates are provided on the partition wall, the drainage gates are slidably connected to the partition wall, the gate motor on the partition wall is connected to the gear box, the gear box drives the screw to rotate, the drainage gate is provided with a driving arm, and the driving arm is threadedly connected to the screw;

[0027] The drainage pipe of the drainage area is connected to the filter tank, and the filter tank is connected to the outlet pipe through a water pump.

[0028] The method includes:

[0029] S1. The monitoring computer controls some electric valves to open and some outlet pipes to inject water into the test pool. When the water level inside the test pool reaches the preset height, the drainage gate is opened to start synchronous drainage. During the drainage process, the water level inside the test pool is maintained at a high level.

[0030] S2: Lower all the mesh panels of the first and second fish interceptors to form a mesh wall, place the tested fish into the test area, and control the multiple outlet pipes to start discharging water. At the same time, the drainage gates start to drain water synchronously to control the water flow rate inside the test area.

[0031] Multiple water outlet pipes flow out from the spaced positions of the baffles, which can control the water flow rate at different positions in the test area;

[0032] S3. The water velocity meter on the measuring frame monitors the water velocity inside the test area. The measuring frame drives the water velocity meter to measure the water velocity at different depths and different positions, and also measures the temperature at different positions;

[0033] S4, the second camera on the monitoring shed and the first camera at the bottom of the observation tank observe the fish inside the test area;

[0034] S5. Push the second fish interceptor toward the water outlet area. The second fish interceptor drives the fish in the test area toward the water outlet area. The second camera on the monitoring shed and the first camera at the bottom of the observation tank observe and record the driven fish in the test area.

[0035] S6. Based on the changes in the position of the fish school, the monitoring booth turns on the fish lights to observe the fish attracting effect of the fish lights in the test area and uses a spectrometer to record the wavelength and brightness of the fish lights.

[0036] S7. The voltage box supplies power to the positive pole and negative pole of the voltage barrier to form a circuit. By increasing and decreasing the voltage, it is observed whether the voltage drives away or attracts the fish school, and the voltage value is recorded and counted.

[0037] The present invention provides a device for measuring the swimming ability of fish and a testing method thereof. A zoning method is adopted to realize the water flow speed in different environments. The partitions in the drainage area form different water outlet methods, so that the water flow at various positions in the test area forms a simulated river channel, and the fish school is controlled in the test area. The fish school inside the test area is monitored by a monitoring device to test the swimming ability of the fish school. The overall testing device has a perfect structure and can test the swimming ability of various different fish schools. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0039] Figure 1 It is the overall structural diagram of the measuring device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the overall system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a distribution structure diagram of the outlet area test area and the drainage area of ​​the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the fish blocking frame of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the measuring frame of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the measuring instrument mounting frame installed from the left side of the measuring frame of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the measuring instrument mounting frame as viewed from the right side of the measuring frame of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the drainage gate of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of the monitoring shed of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: test pool 1; water outlet area 101; test area 102; drainage area 103; observation trough 104; partition 105; first fish interceptor 2; first sliding walkway 201; mesh plate 202; chute 203; fixing pin 204; voltage interceptor 3; mounting crossbar 301; positive pole 302; negative pole 303; first rack 304; measuring frame 4; second sliding walkway 401; water velocity measuring instrument 402; first drive motor 403; second fish interceptor 5; drainage gate 6; screw 601; gate motor 602; gear box 603; Driving arm 604; monitoring shed 7; blackout curtain 701; winding motor 702; fish lamp 703; second camera 704; walkway 8; water outlet pipe 9; electric valve 10; truss 11; walking device 12; monitoring computer 13; voltage box 14; first camera 15; glass 16; water pump 17; filter tank 18; measuring instrument mounting bracket 19; first sliding plate 1901; second sliding plate 1902; second driving motor 1903; second rack 1904; third driving motor 1905; third rack 1906; locking bracket 1907. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] Example 1

[0050] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a device for measuring fish swimming ability, the test pool 1 includes a water outlet area 101, a test area 102 and a drainage area 103, the water outlet area 101 is connected to multiple outlet pipes 9, the test area 102 includes at least two groups of fish blocking frames, the fish blocking frames are provided with multiple liftable mesh panels 202, multiple mesh panels 202 form a fish blocking net wall, a measuring frame 4 is provided between adjacent fish blocking frames, and the measuring frame 4 is provided with a monitoring device; the bottom of the test pool 1 is fully transparent glass, or an observation groove 104 is provided at the bottom of the test area 102, glass 16 is provided above the observation groove 104, and multiple first cameras 15 are provided inside the observation groove 104; a movable monitoring shed 7 is also provided above the test pool 1, and multiple second cameras 704 are provided inside the monitoring shed 7. A zoning method is used to achieve water flow speeds in different environments. The partitions 105 of the drainage area 103 form different water outlet methods, so that the water flow at various positions of the test area 102 forms a simulated river channel, and the fish are controlled in the test area 102. The reason monitoring equipment monitors the fish inside the test area 102 to test the swimming ability of the fish.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, a voltage barrier 3 is provided on one side of the measurement frame 4. The voltage barrier 3 includes a mounting crossbar 301, with both ends fixed to the measurement frame 4 or to the test tank 1. Below the mounting crossbar 301 are multiple positive poles 302 and at least one negative pole 303. The positive poles 302 and negative poles 303 are arranged to form a voltage fish barrier. The positive poles 302 and negative poles 303 are electrically connected to positive and negative cables within the mounting crossbar 301, which are electrically connected to the voltage box 14. The voltage box 14 supplies power to the positive poles 302 and negative poles 303 of the voltage barrier 3, forming a circuit. By increasing and decreasing the voltage, the voltage is observed to determine whether it repels or attracts fish. The voltage values ​​are recorded and statistically analyzed.

[0052] In the preferred embodiment, a plurality of partitions 105 are provided on the water outlet area 101 , the water outlet pipe 9 is provided between adjacent partitions 105 , and an electric valve 10 is provided on the water outlet pipe 9 ; the electric valve 10 controls the closing and opening of the water outlet pipe 9 .

[0053] 5-8 baffles 105 form a water outlet control area, and 5-8 baffles 105 are separately arranged on both sides of the water outlet area 101. There is a gap between the two groups of water outlet control areas, and the gap forms a vortex and a dead angle area; Figure 1 and 3 The 5-8 baffles 105 shown constitute the water outlet control area. The 5-8 baffles 105 are separately arranged on both sides of the water outlet area 101. There is a gap between the two groups of water outlet control areas. The water flow forms a backflow at the gap position and reaches the vortex and dead corner area.

[0054] The end of the water outlet area 101 is provided with a concave trough, and the lower end of the water outlet pipe 9 is close to the bottom of the concave trough, which has the effect of buffering the water flow.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the fish stopper comprises a first fish stopper 2 and a second fish stopper 5 , the measuring frame 4 is arranged between the first fish stopper 2 and the second fish stopper 5 , and both ends of the first fish stopper 2 and the second fish stopper 5 are slidably connected to both sides of the test pool 1 .

[0056] In the preferred embodiment, the first fish intercepting frame 2 includes a first sliding walkway 201, a plurality of mesh panels 202 are provided on one side of the first sliding walkway 201, and a slide groove 203 is further provided on the first sliding walkway 201, and the mesh panels 202 are slidably connected to the slide groove 203;

[0057] The lower end of the mesh plate 202 is close to the bottom of the test pool 1 and there is a distance between them;

[0058] The first sliding walkway 201 is provided with a fixing pin 204 that passes through one side of the first sliding walkway 201 and the mesh panels 202, securing the mesh panels 202 in place. The mesh panels 202 of the first and second fish interceptors 2 and 5 are lowered to form a net wall. Test fish are placed into the test area 102. The monitoring computer 13 controls the multiple outlet pipes 9 to begin discharging water, while the drainage gates 6 simultaneously begin draining water, controlling the water flow rate within the test area 102.

[0059] Multiple water outlet pipes 9 flow out from the spaced positions of the partition 105, which can control the water flow rate at different positions of the test area 102;

[0060] The water velocity measuring instrument 402 on the measuring frame 4 monitors the water velocity inside the test area 102. The measuring instrument mounting frame 19 drives the water velocity measuring instrument 402 to measure the water velocity at different depths and different positions, and also measures the temperature at different positions.

[0061] The second camera 704 on the monitoring shed 7 and the first camera 15 at the bottom of the observation tank 104 observe the fish inside the test area 102;

[0062] The second fish intercepting frame 5 is pushed forward toward the water outlet area 101 , and the second fish intercepting frame 5 drives the fish in the test area 102 toward the water outlet area 101 . The second camera 704 on the monitoring shed 7 and the first camera 15 at the bottom of the observation tank 104 observe and record the driven fish in the test area 102 .

[0063] In the preferred embodiment, both ends of the measuring frame 4 are slidably connected to the test pool 1. The measuring frame 4 includes a second sliding walkway 401. A first driving motor 403 is provided on one side of the second sliding walkway 401. A gear is provided on the first driving motor 403. A first rack 304 is provided on the test pool 1. The gear of the first driving motor 403 is engaged with the first rack 304. The measuring frame 4 can automatically slide on the test pool 1 to test data in different position areas.

[0064] The measuring frame 4 is provided with a measuring instrument mounting frame 19, and the measuring instrument mounting frame 19 is provided with a water flow velocity measuring instrument 402, a temperature sensor, a water quality sensor and a voltage measuring device;

[0065] The measuring instrument mounting frame 19 is connected to the measuring frame 4 in a horizontal and vertical sliding manner.

[0066] In the preferred embodiment, the measuring instrument mounting frame 19 includes a first sliding plate 1901, which is laterally slidably connected to the second sliding walkway 401. The second sliding walkway 401 is provided with a third rack 1906. The third drive motor 1905 on the first sliding plate 1901 is provided with a gear, and the gear of the third drive motor 1905 is meshed with the third rack 1906.

[0067] A second sliding plate 1902 is provided on the first sliding plate 1901 , and the second sliding plate 1902 is slidably connected to the first sliding plate 1901 in an upward and downward manner. A second rack 1904 is provided on the first sliding plate 1901 , and a gear of a second driving motor 1903 on the first sliding plate 1901 is engaged with the second rack 1904 ;

[0068] A locking frame 1907 is provided on the second sliding plate 1902 , and the water flow velocity measuring instrument 402 , the temperature sensor, the water quality sensor and the voltage measuring device are provided on the locking frame 1907 .

[0069] like Figure 5-7 In the structure shown, the measuring instrument mounting bracket 19 can slide horizontally and vertically on the measuring bracket 4, so as to facilitate the water flow velocity measuring instrument 402, temperature sensor, water quality sensor and voltage measuring device to measure data at different positions.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, a truss 11 is provided above the test pool 1 , and the monitoring shed 7 is connected to a walking device 12 on the truss 11 ; the monitoring shed 7 can move laterally according to the position of the fish school.

[0071] The outer ring of the monitoring shed 7 is provided with a plurality of light-shielding curtains 701 , the rollers of which are connected to a reel-up motor 702 ; the light-shielding curtains 701 are used to block the lights at other positions.

[0072] A plurality of fish lights 703 are further provided inside the monitoring shed 7 , and a plurality of second cameras 704 are further provided on one side of the fish lights 703 .

[0073] In the preferred embodiment, a partition wall is provided between the drainage area 103 and the test area 102, and a plurality of drainage gates 6 are provided on the partition wall. The drainage gates 6 are slidably connected to the partition wall. The gate motor 602 on the partition wall is connected to the gear box 603, and the gear box 603 drives the screw 601 to rotate. The drainage gate 6 is provided with a driving arm 604, and the driving arm 604 is threadedly connected to the screw 601.

[0074] The drainage pipe of the drainage area 103 is connected to the filter pool 18, and the filter pool 18 is connected to the outlet pipe 9 through the water pump 17. The technical feature of recycling water is adopted to save water.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] Further illustrate with reference to Example 1, Figure 1-9 In the structure shown, the monitoring computer 13 controls part of the electric valve 10 to open, and part of the outlet pipe 9 to inject water into the test pool 1. When the water level inside the test pool 1 reaches a preset height, the drain gate 6 is opened to start synchronous drainage. During the drainage process, the water level inside the test pool 1 is maintained at a high level.

[0077] The mesh panels 202 of the first and second fish intercepting frames 2 and 5 are all lowered to form a mesh wall, and the fish to be tested are placed into the test area 102. The monitoring computer 13 controls the multiple outlet pipes 9 to start discharging water, and the drainage gates 6 start to drain water synchronously, thereby controlling the water flow rate inside the test area 102.

[0078] Multiple water outlet pipes 9 flow out from the spaced positions of the partition 105, which can control the water flow rate at different positions of the test area 102;

[0079] The water velocity measuring instrument 402 on the measuring frame 4 monitors the water velocity inside the test area 102. The measuring instrument mounting frame 19 drives the water velocity measuring instrument 402 to measure the water velocity at different depths and different positions, and also measures the temperature at different positions.

[0080] The second camera 704 on the monitoring shed 7 and the first camera 15 at the bottom of the observation tank 104 observe the fish inside the test area 102;

[0081] The second fish interceptor 5 is pushed forward toward the water outlet area 101. The second fish interceptor 5 drives the fish in the test area 102 toward the water outlet area 101. The second camera 704 on the monitoring shed 7 and the first camera 15 at the bottom of the observation tank 104 observe and record the driven fish in the test area 102.

[0082] The monitoring booth 7 turns on the fish light 703 according to the position change of the fish school, observes the fish light 703 inside the test area 102 to attract the fish school, and uses a spectrometer to record the wavelength and brightness of the fish light 703;

[0083] The voltage box 14 supplies power to the positive pole 302 and the negative pole 303 of the voltage barrier 3 to form a loop. By increasing and decreasing the voltage, it is observed whether the voltage drives away or attracts the fish school, and the voltage value is recorded and counted.

[0084] 1. Select target fish

[0085] The target fish must be free of visible damage. The size range of the target fish should be consistent with the size range of fish used in the fish passage facility (0.3m-1.0m). For each indicator of fish swimming ability (e.g., sensory swimming speed), 10 to 100 fish should be used.

[0086] 2. Test fish swimming ability

[0087] Utilize a specific water tank device to test the swimming ability of fish, such as the induced swimming speed of fish. Use a camera to record the entire test process. The monitoring computer 13 controls multiple outlet pipes 9 to start water discharge, and the drain gate 6 starts to drain water synchronously at the same time, controls the water flow speed inside the test area 102, and gradually increases the flow speed until all the fish heads are facing the drainage area 103 (i.e., countercurrent movement), and then the water flow speed is adjusted to 0. Then, a water flow speed in the direction opposite to the above-mentioned water flow speed will be generated, and the flow speed will be increased every 5 seconds with a speed increment of 0.01m / s until all the fish heads are facing the drainage area 103 (i.e., countercurrent movement). Utilize video recording to analyze the time when each fish turns around, and you can know the swimming speed of each fish when it turns around, which is the induced swimming speed of each fish.

[0088] 3. Create a data analysis chart of fish swimming ability

[0089] Sort the swimming ability (sensing swimming speed) test results of each fish (SPx, SP is the swimming ability of the fish, x is the corresponding specific test index) from small to large (N is the total number of fish, n is the ranking of a certain fish). Make a scatter plot with (SPx, n / N) of each fish as the coordinate (such as Figure 1 Then, a linear equation y%=f(SPx) is fitted (the function f can be a straight line equation or a curve equation, SPx is the horizontal coordinate, and y% is the vertical coordinate).

[0090] 4. Design water flow velocity of fish passage facilities

[0091] When the design value of the water flow velocity in the fish passage facility is required to meet the swimming ability of y% of fish, the SPx value corresponding to the y% swimming speed test value on the vertical coordinate of the above data graph is used as the swimming ability characteristic value and as the design value of the minimum water flow velocity in the fish passage facility.

[0092] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be the technical solutions set forth in the claims, including equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the technical solutions set forth in the claims. In other words, equivalent alternatives and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the swimming ability of fish, characterized by: The test pool (1) includes a water outlet area (101), a test area (102) and a drainage area (103), wherein the water outlet area (101) is connected to a plurality of water outlet pipes (9), and the test area (102) includes at least two groups of fish intercepting frames, wherein the fish intercepting frames are provided with a plurality of lifting net plates (202), wherein the plurality of net plates (202) form a fish intercepting net wall, and a measuring frame (4) is provided between adjacent fish intercepting frames, and a monitoring device is provided on the measuring frame (4); The bottom of the test pool (1) is made of fully transparent glass, or an observation slot (104) is provided at the bottom of the test area (102), a glass (16) is provided above the observation slot (104), and a plurality of first cameras (15) are provided inside the observation slot (104); A movable monitoring shed (7) is also provided above the test pool (1), and a plurality of second cameras (704) are provided inside the monitoring shed (7); A plurality of partitions (105) are provided on the water outlet area (101), a water outlet pipe (9) is provided between adjacent partitions (105), and an electric valve (10) is provided on the water outlet pipe (9); 5-8 baffles (105) form a water outlet control area, and the 5-8 baffles (105) are separately arranged on both sides of the water outlet area (101), and a gap is left between the two groups of water outlet control areas, and the gap forms a vortex and a dead angle area; A concave trough is provided at the end of the water outlet area (101), and the lower end of the water outlet pipe (9) is close to the bottom of the concave trough; The fish blocking frame comprises a first fish blocking frame (2) and a second fish blocking frame (5), the measuring frame (4) is arranged between the first fish blocking frame (2) and the second fish blocking frame (5), and both ends of the first fish blocking frame (2) and the second fish blocking frame (5) are slidably connected to both sides of the test pool (1); The first fish intercepting frame (2) includes a first sliding walkway (201), a plurality of mesh panels (202) are provided on one side of the first sliding walkway (201), and a slide groove (203) is further provided on the first sliding walkway (201), and the mesh panels (202) are slidably connected to the slide groove (203); The lower end of the mesh plate (202) is close to the bottom of the test pool (1) and a distance is left; A fixing pin (204) is provided on the first sliding walkway (201), and the fixing pin (204) passes through one side of the first sliding walkway (201) and the mesh plate (202), and the fixing pin (204) fixes the position of the mesh plate (202).

2. The device for measuring the swimming ability of fish according to claim 1, wherein: A voltage barrier (3) is provided on one side of the measuring frame (4), and the voltage barrier (3) includes a mounting crossbar (301), both ends of the mounting crossbar (301) are fixed on the measuring frame (4), or both ends are fixed on the test pool (1), and a plurality of positive poles (302) and at least one negative pole (303) are provided below the mounting crossbar (301), and the positive poles (302) and the negative poles (303) are arranged to form a voltage fish barrier; The positive pole (302) and the negative pole (303) are electrically connected to the positive and negative cables inside the mounting crossbar (301), and the cables are electrically connected to the voltage box (14).

3. The device for measuring the swimming ability of fish according to claim 2, wherein: The two ends of the measuring frame (4) are slidably connected to the test pool (1), and the measuring frame (4) includes a second sliding walkway (401). A first driving motor (403) is provided on one side of the second sliding walkway (401), a gear is provided on the first driving motor (403), and a first rack (304) is provided on the test pool (1), and the gear of the first driving motor (403) is meshed with the first rack (304); A measuring instrument mounting frame (19) is provided on the measuring frame (4), and a water flow velocity measuring instrument (402), a temperature sensor, a water quality sensor and a voltage measuring device are provided on the measuring instrument mounting frame (19); The measuring instrument mounting frame (19) is connected to the measuring frame (4) in a horizontal and vertical sliding manner.

4. The device for measuring the swimming ability of fish according to claim 3, wherein: The measuring instrument mounting frame (19) includes a first sliding plate (1901), the first sliding plate (1901) is connected to the second sliding walkway (401) in a transverse sliding manner, the second sliding walkway (401) is provided with a third rack (1906), the third driving motor (1905) on the first sliding plate (1901) is provided with a gear, and the gear of the third driving motor (1905) is engaged with the third rack (1906); A second sliding plate (1902) is provided on the first sliding plate (1901), the second sliding plate (1902) is connected to the first sliding plate (1901) in an up-and-down sliding manner, a second rack (1904) is provided on the first sliding plate (1901), and a gear of a second driving motor (1903) on the first sliding plate (1901) is engaged with the second rack (1904); A locking frame (1907) is provided on the second sliding plate (1902), and a water flow velocity measuring instrument (402), a temperature sensor, a water quality sensor and a voltage measuring device are provided on the locking frame (1907).

5. The device for measuring the swimming ability of fish according to claim 4, wherein: A truss (11) is provided above the test pool (1), and the monitoring shed (7) is connected to a walking device (12) on the truss (11); The outer ring of the monitoring shed (7) is provided with a plurality of light-shielding curtains (701), and the rollers of the light-shielding curtains (701) are connected to the winding motor (702); A plurality of fish lights (703) are further provided inside the monitoring shed (7), and a plurality of second cameras (704) are further provided on one side of the fish lights (703).

6. A device for measuring the swimming ability of fish according to claim 5, characterized in that: A partition wall is provided between the drainage area (103) and the test area (102), and a plurality of drainage gates (6) are provided on the partition wall. The drainage gates (6) are slidably connected to the partition wall. A gate motor (602) on the partition wall is connected to a gear box (603). The gear box (603) drives the screw (601) to rotate. A driving arm (604) is provided on the drainage gate (6), and the driving arm (604) is threadedly connected to the screw (601). The drainage pipe of the drainage area (103) is connected to the filter pool (18), and the filter pool (18) is connected to the outlet pipe (9) through the water pump (17).

7. The method for testing a device for measuring the swimming ability of fish according to claim 6, wherein: The method includes: S1, the monitoring computer (13) controls part of the electric valve (10) to open, and part of the outlet pipe (9) to inject water into the test pool (1). When the water level in the test pool (1) reaches a preset height, the drainage gate (6) is opened to start synchronous drainage. During the drainage process, the water level in the test pool (1) is maintained. S2, lowering all the mesh panels (202) of the first fish blocking frame (2) and the second fish blocking frame (5) to form a mesh wall, placing the fish to be tested into the test area (102), and controlling the monitoring computer (13) to control the multiple water outlet pipes (9) to start discharging water, while the drainage gate (6) starts to drain water synchronously, thereby controlling the water flow speed inside the test area (102); Multiple water outlet pipes (9) flow out from spaced locations of the partition (105), and the water flow rate at different locations of the test area (102) can be controlled; S3, the water flow velocity measuring instrument (402) on the measuring frame (4) monitors the water flow velocity inside the test area (102), and the measuring instrument mounting frame (19) drives the water flow velocity measuring instrument (402) to measure the water flow velocity at different depths and different positions, and also measures the temperature at different positions; S4, the second camera (704) on the monitoring shed (7) and the first camera (15) at the bottom of the observation tank (104) observe the fish inside the test area (102); S5, pushing the second fish intercepting frame (5) forward toward the water outlet area (101), the second fish intercepting frame (5) drives the fish in the test area (102) toward the water outlet area (101), and the second camera (704) on the monitoring shed (7) and the first camera (15) at the bottom of the observation tank (104) observe and record the driven fish in the test area (102); S6, the monitoring shed (7) turns on the fish light (703) according to the position change of the fish school, observes the fish light (703) inside the test area (102) and the effect of attracting the fish school, and uses a spectrometer to record the wavelength and brightness of the fish light (703); S7, the voltage box (14) supplies power to the positive pole (302) and the negative pole (303) of the voltage barrier (3) to form a circuit, and by increasing and decreasing the voltage, observe whether the voltage drives away or attracts the fish school, and record the voltage value, and perform statistics on the value.

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