A slow-release fish-attracting bottom bait and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a slow-release fish-attracting bottom bait and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fishing supplies. The present invention obtains a microbial flora polymer by fermenting and culturing microbial strains containing spore-forming bacilli or cocci, and then mixes the microbial flora polymer with a foaming agent and spices to obtain a slow-release fish-attracting bottom bait. The slow-release fish-attracting bottom bait can increase fish's feeding enthusiasm, enhance their appetite, speed up their feeding rate, and also reduce water pollution. Compared with traditional bottom baits, it is less soluble, less easily eaten by fish, and releases slowly, achieving the purpose of long-term and efficient fish luring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fishing supplies, and in particular to a slow-release fish-attracting bottom bait and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] "Baiting" is a term used in the fishing field, referring to the act of dropping a free-hanging bait into a fishing spot to improve fishing efficiency. Baiting plays a crucial role in wild fishing in vast expanses of water, as the quality of the bait is directly related to the profitability of fishing. With the increasing number of fishing enthusiasts, people's expectations for fishing bait are also increasing. Traditional baits are no longer sufficient, and the use of various new types of baits is gradually increasing. Currently, traditional baits on the market mostly consist of rice wine and bran cakes. Some take too long to form, some last too short, and some dissolve easily and are eaten by fish. These baits all have limitations and cannot effectively and long-term lure fish. Therefore, the development of new bottom baits is necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems in the prior art of fishing baits such as insufficient durability, easy eating by fish, and unsatisfactory baiting effect, the present invention provides a slow-release fish-attracting bottom bait and a preparation method thereof.

[0004] The preparation method of the slow-release fish-attracting bottom nesting material comprises the following steps:

[0005] S1. Microbial inoculation and cultivation: adding microbial strains and glucose to water at a mass ratio of 1:3 and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed solution A; adding ammonium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to water at a mass ratio of 3:2 to obtain a solution B; adding the solutions A and B to a microbial culture water tank for cultivation; and when the volume ratio of microbial flocs with a particle size of 100 μm or greater accounts for more than 50% of the total volume of the microbial flocs, adding flour 5 times the mass of the microbial strain and continuing the cultivation; the microbial strain comprises spore-forming bacilli or cocci;

[0006] S2. Preparing a microbial flora polymer: When the sedimentation ratio of the microbial flora flocs in the microbial culture water tank is greater than 20%, taking the raw water in the microbial culture water tank, letting it stand, and filtering it, and drying the filter residue to obtain a microbial flora polymer;

[0007] S3. Prepare the finished product: uniformly mix the microbial flora polymer, foaming agent and fragrance in a mass ratio of 7:2:1, extrude and mold, and then package to obtain the slow-release fish attractant bottom bait.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the microbial strains include calcoacetic acid Acinetobacter, Bacillus, high-efficiency flocculants, yeasts, micrococci and enzymes, and the viable bacteria content is ≥10 billion CFU / g.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the COD in the microorganism culture water tank is controlled to be 100-200 mg / L during the culture process.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the temperature of the microorganism culture water tank is controlled to be 25-35°C during the culture process.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the volume of the raw water taken in step S2 is 10% to 15% of the total volume of the raw water in the microorganism culture water tank.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the pH of the raw water in the microorganism culture water tank is 6.5-7.5, and the ammonia nitrogen is controlled to 2 mg / L.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, during the culturing process, braided biofilm carrier fillers are placed in the microorganism culture water tank, fixed at the upper and lower ends, and evenly distributed in the microorganism culture water tank at intervals of 10 cm.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, intermittent aeration is performed during the culture process, and the aeration rate is 20 L / min.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the filter residue is dried at 45-60° C. to a moisture content of 60-80%.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the foaming agent consists of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the flavoring comprises at least one of amino acids, betaine, and yeast extract.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention adopts microbial flora polymer as the main body of bottom nesting material. The appearance and texture of the finished microbial flora polymer are similar to those of traditional soil, which is yellowish brown to dark yellowish brown, has a certain moisture content, a moderate hardness and a certain elasticity. Compared with traditional nesting materials made of grains or bran cakes, it is not easy to dissolve in water, is not easy to be eaten by fish, has a stronger durability, and improves the enthusiasm of fish to eat. Combined with foaming agents and spices, the bottom nesting material is released slowly and the release is more sufficient and lasting, thereby attracting more fish to come and feed, achieving the purpose of long-term and efficient fish luring. (2) The microbial flora flocs in the present invention can be continuously produced as the microorganisms continue to grow and culture, thereby preparing microbial flora polymers, that is, after the microorganisms are cultured to maturity, the required raw materials such as microbial flora polymers can be continuously produced, with one-time investment and long-term output; the culture materials required to be added during the culture process are only flour and a small amount of other reagents, and the production cost is extremely low, and the fish luring effect of the slow-release fish luring bottom nesting material is long-term and efficient, with significant economic benefits; this is an advantage that other types of nesting materials do not have. (3) The present invention uses microbial strains. As the culture time increases, the supernatant of the raw water will gradually become clear and transparent, and the sedimentation rate of the microbial flocs will accelerate, which proves that the microbial flocs are constantly growing and gradually growing mature, and the ability to degrade organic matter in the water body is increased, and the sedimentation and adsorption effect on suspended solids is enhanced, that is, the water purification effect of the microbial flora is constantly strengthened. Therefore, compared with other nesting materials, it is safer and more environmentally friendly, and has the function of purifying water bodies. It can consume part of the organic pollutants in the water body, settle the suspended matter in the water body, make the water quality better, improve the living environment of fish, and promote ecological sustainable development. (4) The two components of the foaming agent in the present invention, sodium bicarbonate and citric acid, will generate sodium citrate and a large amount of carbon dioxide gas when they come into contact with water. Some of these carbon dioxide gases will adhere to the surface of the bottom nesting material, slowing down the sinking speed of the bottom nesting material in the water. Other unattached bubbles will carry the odor of the spices in the bottom nesting material and spread to a farther water body along the direction of the water flow. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some preferred embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Any equivalent transformations or substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the following embodiments without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The microbial strains in the following examples are aerobic bacteria sold by Henan Houkun Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The bacterial agent contains bacilli or cocci that can form spores (endospores), specifically including calcoacetic acid Acinetobacter, Bacillus, efficient flocculants, yeasts, micrococci and enzymes, and the viable bacterial content is ≥10 billion CFU / g.

[0021] The sedimentation ratio of microbial flocs is defined as the percentage of the volume of the settled flocs to the volume of the raw water after taking 1000 mL of raw water from a microbial culture tank undergoing aeration as a water sample using a measuring cylinder and letting it stand for 30 minutes.

[0022] The parts in the following examples are by mass unless otherwise specified.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a slow-release fish-attracting bottom nesting material, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1. Microbial inoculation and cultivation: Weigh 10 parts of microbial strains and 30 parts of glucose into 1000 parts of water, stir evenly, and let stand for 24 hours to obtain a mixed solution A; weigh 6 parts of ammonium sulfate and 4 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and dissolve them in 200 parts of water to obtain a solution B; add the mixed solution A and solution B into a 100L microbial culture water tank for microbial cultivation. Place braided biofilm carrier filler (specifications: Encrypted standard type, purchased from Henan Boxu Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.) is used as a carrier for microbial growth. Its upper and lower ends are fixed, spaced 10 cm apart and evenly distributed in the water tank. Under the filler, that is, at the bottom of the water tank, there are evenly distributed aeration heads, which are connected to the air pump outside the water tank. Add enough water to ensure that the microbial filler is submerged. When the ambient temperature is below 25 degrees Celsius, an electric heating rod should also be added to maintain the water temperature in the microbial culture tank at a constant 25°C. Add an appropriate amount of glucose every day according to the growth of microorganisms (the amount of glucose added is based on controlling the COD in the microbial culture tank at 140-160 mg / L). When the volume ratio of microbial flocs with a particle size of 100 μm or more accounts for more than 50% of all microbial flocs, 50 parts of flour are added as a carbon source to continue microbial culture. Add an appropriate amount of flour every day according to the growth of microorganisms (the amount of flour added is also based on controlling the COD in the microbial culture tank at 140-160 mg / L).

[0026] Specifically, the microbial culture tank maintains the following conditions: the raw water pH is controlled between 6.5 and 7.5, the water temperature is maintained at 25±2°C, and the ammonia nitrogen level is controlled at 2 mg / L. The air pump operates intermittently, on for 1.5 hours and off for 0.5 hours, with an aeration rate of 20 L / min. This cycle, automatically controlled by a timer, provides the dissolved oxygen required for microbial growth. During the microbial culture process, flour or glucose serves as the primary carbon source, ammonium sulfate as the nitrogen source, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate as the phosphorus source. These are dissolved in the required quantities and added to the microbial culture tank. Carbon source is added daily or every other day based on biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) measurements.

[0027] S2. Preparation of microbial aggregates: After 8-12 days of incubation, yellowish-brown to dark yellowish-brown suspended matter or flocs attached to the filler will appear in the microbial incubation tank. This represents the microbial flora. At this point, water sampling reveals small, mostly granular microbial flocs in the raw water. By the 20th to 30th day of incubation, the microbial growth matures, and a relatively abundant yellowish-brown flocculent material appears on the fiber composite filler in the incubator. The suspended yellowish-brown flocs in the raw water are clearly observed to increase in size and form clumps. When the sedimentation ratio of the microbial flocs in the microbial incubation tank exceeds 20%, 12 L of raw water (12% of the total volume of the raw water in the microbial incubation tank) is taken from the microbial incubation tank in step S1 and allowed to stand for 20 minutes. The yellowish-brown to dark yellowish-brown flocs at the bottom of the raw water represent the microbial flora. Filter the microbial flora flocs through gauze or a towel to obtain a yellowish-brown to dark yellowish-brown microbial aggregate resembling moist clay. The microbial polymer is collected and spread out on plastic wrap to form a thin cake layer (e.g., a round cake layer approximately 6 mm thick). This layer is then dried in an oven at 45°C until the moisture content reaches 70%, yielding the finished microbial polymer. During the drying process, a layer of absorbent paper may be placed on the cake surface to prevent cracking caused by excessive water loss relative to the interior.

[0028] S3. Weigh 20 parts of a foaming agent, 10 parts of a fragrance, and 70 parts of the microbial flora polymer from step S2, mix them, and stir them evenly. Extrude them into round or spherical shapes (e.g., round cakes or spheres) with a weight of 50 g per portion. Package them to obtain a finished slow-release fish attractant bait. The foaming agent is a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid in a mass ratio of 3:1, and the fragrance is an amino acid.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] The preparation method of the slow-release fish attracting bottom nest material provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in the embodiment, except that:

[0031] In step S1, the water temperature in the microorganism culture water tank is maintained at a constant 30°C, the amount of glucose added is based on controlling the COD in the microorganism culture water tank at 100-130 mg / L, and the amount of flour added is also based on controlling the COD in the microorganism culture water tank at 100-130 mg / L.

[0032] In step S2, 15 L of raw water (accounting for 15% of the total volume of the raw water in the microbial culture water tank) is collected from the microbial culture water tank in step S1 and allowed to settle for 15 minutes. The microbial polymer is collected and spread onto plastic wrap to form a thin layer. This layer is then dried in an oven at 55°C to a moisture content of 80%, yielding the finished microbial polymer.

[0033] The specification of the finished product of the slow-release fish attractant bottom bait in step S3 is 40g / portion, and the spice is betaine.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] The preparation method of the slow-release fish attracting bottom nest material provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in the embodiment, except that:

[0036] In step S1, the water temperature in the microorganism culture water tank is maintained at a constant 35°C, the amount of glucose added is based on controlling the COD in the microorganism culture water tank at 180-200 mg / L, and the amount of flour added is also based on controlling the COD in the microorganism culture water tank at 180-200 mg / L.

[0037] In step S2, 10 L of raw water (accounting for 10% of the total volume of the raw water in the microbial culture water tank) is collected from the microbial culture water tank in step S1 and allowed to settle for 10 minutes. The microbial polymer is collected and spread onto plastic wrap to form a thin layer. This layer is then dried in an oven at 60°C to a moisture content of 60%, yielding the finished microbial polymer.

[0038] The specification of the finished product of the slow-release fish attractant bottom bait in step S3 is 45g / portion, and the flavor is a mixture of amino acids and yeast paste in any mass ratio.

[0039] Fish attracting effect verification

[0040] Take one portion (50g) of the slow-release fish-attracting bottom bait prepared in Example 1 and 50g of each of three traditional common fishing baits (wine-making rice, miscellaneous grains, and bran cakes), conduct two tests respectively, and compare the fishing effects. Wine-making rice, miscellaneous grains, and bran cakes are commercially available. Test environment: In summer, the temperature is 25-32℃, and the bait is placed in a location with a similar water environment in the same river. A total of 8 groups of tests were conducted, and the fishing time for each test was 8h. The time of nesting, the duration of the nest, the total number of fish caught during the nesting period, and the total weight of the fish caught during the nesting period were counted, and the obtained data are shown in Table 1.

[0041] Table 1 Comparison of fishing effects with different baits

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] As can be seen from Table 1, the spawning time of the slow-release fish-attracting bottom bait prepared in Example 1 is about 0.5h, and the duration is about 7h. The spawning time is significantly shorter than that of bran cakes, and the duration of the nest is significantly longer than that of rice wine and miscellaneous grains. The number and total weight of fish caught in the same time are significantly higher than those of the other three baits, and the fish caught are larger in size, and the species are mainly grass carp, carp and flathead fish.

[0045] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. It will be apparent to anyone skilled in the art that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any simple equivalent variations and modifications made in accordance with the scope of protection of the present invention and the contents of the specification are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a slow-release fish-attracting bottom nesting material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Add microbial strains and glucose to water in a mass ratio of 1:3 and mix well to obtain a mixed solution A; add ammonium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to water in a mass ratio of 3:2 to prepare a solution B; add the solution A and the solution B to a microbial culture water tank for cultivation, and when the volume ratio of microbial flocs with a particle size of 100 μm or more accounts for more than 50% of the total volume of the microbial flocs, add flour 5 times the mass of the microbial strain and continue culturing; the microbial strains include calcoacetic acid Acinetobacter, Bacillus, high-efficiency flocculants, yeast, micrococcus and enzymes, and the viable bacterial content is ≥10 billion CFU / g; S2. When the sedimentation ratio of the microbial flora flocs in the microbial culture water tank is greater than 20%, the raw water in the microbial culture water tank is taken out and filtered after standing, and the filter residue is dried to obtain the microbial flora polymer; S3. Evenly mix the microbial flora polymer, foaming agent and spices in a mass ratio of 7:2:1, extrude and mold, and then package to obtain the slow-release fish attracting bottom bait.

2. The method for preparing the slow-release fish-attracting bottom nesting material according to claim 1, wherein In step S1, during the cultivation process, the COD in the microorganism cultivation water tank is controlled to be 100-200 mg / L; or / and in step S1, during the cultivation process, the temperature in the microorganism cultivation water tank is controlled to be 25-35°C.

3. The preparation method of the slow-release fish-attracting bottom nest material according to claim 1, wherein The volume of the raw water taken in step S2 is 10% to 15% of the total volume of the raw water in the microorganism culture water tank.

4. The method for preparing the slow-release fish-attracting bottom nesting material according to claim 1, wherein The pH of the raw water in the microbial culture water tank is 6.5-7.5, and the ammonia nitrogen is controlled at 2 mg / L.

5. The method for preparing the slow-release fish-attracting bottom nesting material according to claim 1, wherein In step S1, during the culture process, braided biofilm carrier fillers are placed in the microorganism culture water tank, the upper and lower ends of the braided biofilm carrier fillers are fixed, and the fillers are evenly distributed in the microorganism culture water tank at intervals of 10 cm.

6. The method for preparing the slow-release fish-attracting bottom nesting material according to claim 1, wherein In step S1, intermittent aeration is performed during the culture process, and the aeration volume is 20 L / min.

7. The method for preparing the slow-release fish-attracting bottom nesting material according to claim 1, wherein The filter residue is dried at 45-60° C. to a moisture content of 60-80%.

8. The method for preparing the slow-release fish-attracting bottom nesting material according to claim 1, wherein The foaming agent is composed of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid in a mass ratio of 3:1; or / and the flavor includes at least one of amino acid, betaine, and yeast extract.

9. The slow-release fish-attracting bottom nesting material prepared by the method for preparing the slow-release fish-attracting bottom nesting material according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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