A hydrogenation catalyst and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hydrogenation catalyst and a preparation method thereof, which relates to the technical field of catalyst preparation, and comprises the following steps: step S1, preparation of a substrate; step S2, surface modification; step S3, loading; and step S4, compounding. The hydrogenation catalyst has higher catalytic activity, higher raw material conversion rate and selectivity, and more suitable cost performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of catalyst preparation, and in particular to a hydrogenation catalyst and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Catalytic hydrogenation is the most basic and simple reaction in organic catalytic reactions. It is also the most extensive and in-depth reaction studied in catalytic science and is widely used in industrial production and scientific experiments. The core of catalytic hydrogenation lies in the hydrogenation catalyst, which plays a key role in improving the reaction conversion rate and yield.

[0003] Hydrogenation catalyst refers to the catalyst used when a compound is added with hydrogen. Commonly used ones include metal catalysts of transition metal elements of Group VIII, metal oxide or sulfide catalysts, complex catalysts, and generally aluminum oxide carriers. These existing catalysts have more or less defects such as single type, high price, poor hydrogenation activity, and selectivity and conversion rate that need to be further improved. For example, Chinese invention patent document CN101531568B discloses a preparation method of dimethyl adipate hydrogenation catalyst: a mesoporous silica carrier and an aqueous solution containing copper salt are stirred, microwave evaporated, microwave dried and roasted to obtain a hydrogenation catalyst. The inventive method uses microwave treatment catalysts, which cannot be used on a large scale in industrial applications. In addition, when the catalyst is used in the hydrogenation reaction of dimethyl adipate, the raw material conversion rate is about 90%, and the product selectivity is less than 90%.

[0004] It can be seen that the development of a hydrogenation catalyst and its preparation method with higher catalytic activity, higher raw material conversion rate and selectivity, and more suitable cost-effectiveness meets market demand, has broad market value and application prospects, and is of great significance to promoting the further improvement of catalytic hydrogenation technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogenation catalyst with higher catalytic activity, higher raw material conversion rate and selectivity, and more suitable cost performance and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1, preparation of a matrix: disperse a molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, a nickel source, a tungsten source, a manganese source, a zinc source and a tellurium source in ethylene glycol, stir evenly, slowly add sodium acetate, and vigorously stir for 2 hours, then transfer the mixture to a hydrothermal reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, and react at 190-210° C. for 15-20 hours; take out the reactor, and after the reaction system is cooled, wash it repeatedly with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, then dry it in a vacuum drying oven at 65-85° C. overnight, and finally heat it to 500-650° C. at 3-5° C. / min in a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature, and then keep it at this temperature for 8-12 hours and then cool it naturally to obtain a matrix;

[0008] Step S2, surface modification: the substrate prepared in step S1 is dispersed in ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and pyrimidine are added thereto, reacted at 50-60° C. for 3-5 hours, and then the ethanol is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a surface-modified substrate;

[0009] Step S3, loading: adding the surface-modified substrate and chloroplatinic acid into water, stirring and reacting at 60-80°C for 4-6 hours, then adding the reducing agent NaBH4, stirring and reacting at 90-98°C for 3-5 hours, centrifuging and placing in an oven at 85-95°C to dry to constant weight;

[0010] Step S4, compounding: uniformly mix the loaded substrate prepared in step S3, the silane coupling agent KH560, and the metal-organic framework material with amino groups to obtain a hydrogenation catalyst.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, nickel source, tungsten source, manganese source, zinc source, tellurium source, ethylene glycol and sodium acetate in step S1 is 0.5:(0.03-0.05):0.2:0.1:1:0.8:0.01:(25-35):(5-7).

[0012] Preferably, the molybdenum source is at least one of molybdenum nitrate and molybdenum chloride; the nickel source is at least one of nickel nitrate and nickel chloride; the tungsten source is tungsten nitrate; the manganese source is at least one of manganese chloride and manganese nitrate; the zinc source is at least one of zinc nitrate and zinc chloride; and the tellurium source is tellurium tetrachloride.

[0013] Preferably, the mass ratio of the substrate, ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and pyrimidine in step S2 is 1:(3-5):0.3:0.12.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of the surface-modified substrate, chloroplatinic acid, water, and reducing agent NaBH4 in step S3 is 1:(0.05-0.1):(3-5):(0.2-0.4).

[0015] Preferably, in step S4, the mass ratio of the loaded substrate, the silane coupling agent KH560, and the amino-containing metal-organic framework material is 1:(0.08-0.12):0.2.

[0016] Preferably, there is no special requirement for the source of the metal-organic framework material with amino groups. In one embodiment of the present invention, the metal-organic framework material with amino groups is prepared according to the method of Example 1 in Chinese invention patent document CN108927010B.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogenation catalyst prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing the hydrogenation catalyst.

[0018] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The hydrogenation catalyst disclosed in the present invention can be produced by conventional equipment and production lines, without the need for complicated process and large and expensive special equipment. It requires little capital investment, consumes little energy, is easy to operate, has high preparation efficiency and finished product qualification rate, is suitable for continuous large-scale production, and has high promotion and application value.

[0020] (2) The hydrogenation catalyst disclosed in the present invention is prepared by hydrothermal reaction, and contains molybdenum, fluorine, phosphorus, nitrogen, nickel, tungsten, manganese, zinc and tellurium elements, which cooperate with each other to improve the hydrogenation catalytic activity, make the raw material conversion rate and selectivity more sufficient, and have a more suitable cost performance. By controlling the preparation process, a porous structure can be formed, thereby increasing the specific surface area.

[0021] (3) The hydrogenation catalyst disclosed in the present invention can improve the loading uniformity and stability by first modifying the substrate surface and then loading it, and then introducing the chloroplatinic acid structure and reducing it during loading, thereby further improving the catalytic activity of the hydrogenation catalyst, effectively reducing the platinum content, and further improving the performance ratio. The introduced organic pyrimidine salt structure can improve the solubility of the catalyst in the reactant, so that the catalyst can be evenly dispersed in the reaction system, cooperate with other catalyst active components, improve the catalytic efficiency of the catalytic hydrogenation reaction, and improve the catalytic effect.

[0022] (4) The hydrogenation catalyst disclosed in the present invention has a metal-organic framework material with amino groups on the catalyst surface, which cooperates with other active components of the catalyst to further improve the hydrogenation catalytic activity, thereby making the raw material conversion rate and selectivity higher. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations. Example 1

[0024] A method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst comprises the following steps:

[0025] Step S1, preparation of a matrix: disperse a molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, a nickel source, a tungsten source, a manganese source, a zinc source and a tellurium source in ethylene glycol, stir evenly, slowly add sodium acetate, and vigorously stir for 2 hours, then transfer the mixture to a hydrothermal reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, and react at 190°C for 15 hours; take out the reactor, and after the reaction system is cooled, wash it repeatedly with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, then dry it in a vacuum drying oven at 65°C overnight, and finally heat it to 500°C at 3°C / min under a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature, and then keep it at this temperature for 8 hours and then cool it naturally to obtain a matrix;

[0026] Step S2, surface modification: the substrate prepared in step S1 is dispersed in ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and pyrimidine are added thereto, reacted at 50° C. for 3 hours, and then the ethanol is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a surface-modified substrate;

[0027] Step S3, loading: adding the surface-modified substrate and chloroplatinic acid into water, stirring and reacting at 60°C for 4 hours, then adding the reducing agent NaBH4, stirring and reacting at 90°C for 3 hours, centrifuging and placing in an oven at 85°C to dry to constant weight;

[0028] Step S4, compounding: uniformly mix the loaded substrate prepared in step S3, the silane coupling agent KH560, and the metal-organic framework material with amino groups to obtain a hydrogenation catalyst.

[0029] The mass ratio of the molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, nickel source, tungsten source, manganese source, zinc source, tellurium source, ethylene glycol, and sodium acetate in step S1 is 0.5:0.03:0.2:0.1:1:0.8:0.01:25:5; the molybdenum source is molybdenum nitrate; the nickel source is nickel nitrate; the tungsten source is tungsten nitrate; the manganese source is manganese chloride; the zinc source is zinc nitrate; and the tellurium source is tellurium tetrachloride.

[0030] The mass ratio of the substrate, ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and pyrimidine in step S2 is 1:3:0.3:0.12; the mass ratio of the surface-modified substrate, chloroplatinic acid, water and reducing agent NaBH4 in step S3 is 1:0.05:3:0.2; the mass ratio of the loaded substrate, silane coupling agent KH560 and amino-containing metal-organic framework material in step S4 is 1:0.08:0.2; the amino-containing metal-organic framework material is prepared according to the method of Example 1 in Chinese invention patent document CN108927010B.

[0031] A hydrogenation catalyst prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing the hydrogenation catalyst. Example 2

[0032] A method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst comprises the following steps:

[0033] Step S1, preparation of a matrix: disperse a molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, a nickel source, a tungsten source, a manganese source, a zinc source and a tellurium source in ethylene glycol, stir evenly, slowly add sodium acetate, and vigorously stir for 2 hours, then transfer the mixture to a hydrothermal reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, and react at 195°C for 16 hours; take out the reactor, and after the reaction system is cooled, wash it repeatedly with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, then dry it in a vacuum drying oven at 70°C overnight, and finally heat it to 550°C at 3.5°C / min under a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature, and then keep it at this temperature for 9 hours and then cool it naturally to obtain a matrix;

[0034] Step S2, surface modification: the substrate prepared in step S1 is dispersed in ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and pyrimidine are added thereto, and the reaction is carried out at 53° C. for 3.5 hours, and then the ethanol is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a surface-modified substrate;

[0035] Step S3, loading: adding the surface-modified substrate and chloroplatinic acid into water, stirring and reacting at 65°C for 4.5 hours, then adding the reducing agent NaBH4, stirring and reacting at 93°C for 3.5 hours, centrifuging and drying in an oven at 87°C to constant weight;

[0036] Step S4, compounding: uniformly mix the loaded substrate prepared in step S3, the silane coupling agent KH560, and the metal-organic framework material with amino groups to obtain a hydrogenation catalyst.

[0037] The mass ratio of the molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, nickel source, tungsten source, manganese source, zinc source, tellurium source, ethylene glycol, and sodium acetate in step S1 is 0.5:0.035:0.2:0.1:1:0.8:0.01:27:5.5; the molybdenum source is molybdenum chloride; the nickel source is nickel chloride; the tungsten source is tungsten nitrate; the manganese source is manganese nitrate; the zinc source is zinc chloride; the tellurium source is tellurium tetrachloride; the mass ratio of the matrix, ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, and pyrimidine in step S2 is 1:1. :3.5:0.3:0.12; the mass ratio of the surface-modified substrate, chloroplatinic acid, water, and reducing agent NaBH4 in step S3 is 1:0.07:3.5:0.25; the mass ratio of the loaded substrate, silane coupling agent KH560, and amino-containing metal-organic framework material in step S4 is 1:0.09:0.2; the amino-containing metal-organic framework material is prepared according to the method of Example 1 in Chinese invention patent document CN108927010B.

[0038] A hydrogenation catalyst prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing the hydrogenation catalyst. Example 3

[0039] A method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst comprises the following steps:

[0040] Step S1, preparation of a matrix: disperse a molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, a nickel source, a tungsten source, a manganese source, a zinc source and a tellurium source in ethylene glycol, stir evenly, slowly add sodium acetate, and vigorously stir for 2 hours, then transfer the mixture to a hydrothermal reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, and react at 200°C for 18 hours; take out the reactor, and after the reaction system is cooled, wash it repeatedly with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, then dry it in a vacuum drying oven at 75°C overnight, and finally heat it to 580°C at 4°C / min under a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature, and then keep it at this temperature for 10 hours and then cool it naturally to obtain a matrix;

[0041] Step S2, surface modification: the substrate prepared in step S1 is dispersed in ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and pyrimidine are added thereto, reacted at 55° C. for 4 hours, and then the ethanol is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a surface-modified substrate;

[0042] Step S3, loading: adding the surface-modified substrate and chloroplatinic acid into water, stirring and reacting at 70°C for 5 hours, then adding the reducing agent NaBH4, stirring and reacting at 95°C for 4 hours, centrifuging and drying in an oven at 90°C to constant weight;

[0043] Step S4, compounding: uniformly mix the loaded substrate prepared in step S3, the silane coupling agent KH560, and the metal-organic framework material with amino groups to obtain a hydrogenation catalyst.

[0044] The mass ratio of the molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, nickel source, tungsten source, manganese source, zinc source, tellurium source, ethylene glycol, and sodium acetate in step S1 is 0.5:0.04:0.2:0.1:1:0.8:0.01:30:6; the molybdenum source is molybdenum nitrate; the nickel source is nickel nitrate; the tungsten source is tungsten nitrate; the manganese source is manganese nitrate; the zinc source is zinc nitrate; the tellurium source is tellurium tetrachloride; the mass ratio of the substrate, ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, and pyrimidine in step S2 is 0.5:0.04:0.2:0.1:1:0.8:0.01:30:6; the molybdenum source is molybdenum nitrate; the nickel source is nickel nitrate; the tungsten source is tungsten nitrate; the manganese source is manganese nitrate; the zinc source is zinc nitrate; the tellurium source is tellurium tetrachloride; The mass ratio of the surface-modified substrate, chloroplatinic acid, water, and reducing agent NaBH4 in step S3 is 1:0.08:4:0.3; the mass ratio of the loaded substrate, silane coupling agent KH560, and amino-containing metal-organic framework material in step S4 is 1:0.1:0.2; the amino-containing metal-organic framework material is prepared according to the method of Example 1 in Chinese invention patent document CN108927010B.

[0045] A hydrogenation catalyst prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing the hydrogenation catalyst. Example 4

[0046] A method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst comprises the following steps:

[0047] Step S1, preparation of the matrix: disperse the molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, nickel source, tungsten source, manganese source, zinc source and tellurium source in ethylene glycol, stir evenly, slowly add sodium acetate, and vigorously stir for 2 hours, then transfer the mixture to a hydrothermal reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, and react at 205°C for 19 hours; take out the reactor, wash repeatedly with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol after the reaction system is cooled, then dry in a vacuum drying oven at 80°C overnight, and finally heat at room temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere at a rate of 4.5°C / min to 630°C, and then keep at this temperature for 11 hours and cool naturally to obtain the matrix;

[0048] Step S2, surface modification: the substrate prepared in step S1 is dispersed in ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and pyrimidine are added thereto, reacted at 58° C. for 4.5 hours, and then the ethanol is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a surface-modified substrate;

[0049] Step S3, loading: adding the surface-modified substrate and chloroplatinic acid into water, stirring and reacting at 75°C for 5.5 hours, then adding the reducing agent NaBH4, stirring and reacting at 96°C for 4.5 hours, centrifuging and drying in an oven at 93°C to constant weight;

[0050] Step S4, compounding: uniformly mix the loaded substrate prepared in step S3, the silane coupling agent KH560, and the metal-organic framework material with amino groups to obtain a hydrogenation catalyst.

[0051] The mass ratio of the molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, nickel source, tungsten source, manganese source, zinc source, tellurium source, ethylene glycol and sodium acetate in step S1 is 0.5:0.045:0.2:0.1:1:0.8:0.01:33:6.5; the molybdenum source is a mixture of molybdenum nitrate and molybdenum chloride in a mass ratio of 1:2; the nickel source is a mixture of nickel nitrate and nickel chloride in a mass ratio of 3:5; the tungsten source is tungsten nitrate; the manganese source is a mixture of manganese chloride and manganese nitrate in a mass ratio of 1:3; the zinc source is a mixture of zinc nitrate and zinc chloride in a mass ratio of 1:3; and the tellurium source is tellurium tetrachloride.

[0052] The mass ratio of the substrate, ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and pyrimidine in step S2 is 1:4.5:0.3:0.12; the mass ratio of the surface-modified substrate, chloroplatinic acid, water and reducing agent NaBH4 in step S3 is 1:0.09:4.5:0.35; the mass ratio of the loaded substrate, silane coupling agent KH560 and amino-containing metal-organic framework material in step S4 is 1:0.11:0.2; the amino-containing metal-organic framework material is prepared according to the method of Example 1 in Chinese invention patent document CN108927010B.

[0053] A hydrogenation catalyst prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing the hydrogenation catalyst. Example 5

[0054] A method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst comprises the following steps:

[0055] Step S1, preparation of a matrix: disperse a molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, a nickel source, a tungsten source, a manganese source, a zinc source and a tellurium source in ethylene glycol, stir evenly, slowly add sodium acetate, and vigorously stir for 2 hours, then transfer the mixture to a hydrothermal reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, and react at 210°C for 20 hours; take out the reactor, and after the reaction system is cooled, wash it repeatedly with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, then dry it in a vacuum drying oven at 85°C overnight, and finally heat it to 650°C at 5°C / min under a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature, and then keep it at this temperature for 12 hours and then cool it naturally to obtain a matrix;

[0056] Step S2, surface modification: the substrate prepared in step S1 is dispersed in ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and pyrimidine are added thereto, reacted at 60° C. for 5 hours, and then the ethanol is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a surface-modified substrate;

[0057] Step S3, loading: adding the surface-modified substrate and chloroplatinic acid into water, stirring and reacting at 80°C for 6 hours, then adding the reducing agent NaBH4, stirring and reacting at 98°C for 5 hours, centrifuging and placing in an oven at 95°C to dry to constant weight;

[0058] Step S4, compounding: uniformly mix the loaded substrate prepared in step S3, the silane coupling agent KH560, and the metal-organic framework material with amino groups to obtain a hydrogenation catalyst.

[0059] The mass ratio of the molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, nickel source, tungsten source, manganese source, zinc source, tellurium source, ethylene glycol, and sodium acetate in step S1 is 0.5:0.05:0.2:0.1:1:0.8:0.01:35:7; the molybdenum source is molybdenum nitrate; the nickel source is nickel chloride; the tungsten source is tungsten nitrate; the manganese source is manganese nitrate; the zinc source is zinc nitrate; the tellurium source is tellurium tetrachloride; the mass ratio of the substrate, ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, and pyrimidine in step S2 is 0.5:0.05:0.2:0.1:1:0.8:0.01:35:7; the molybdenum source is molybdenum nitrate; the nickel source is nickel chloride; the tungsten source is tungsten nitrate; the manganese source is manganese nitrate; the zinc source is zinc nitrate; the tellurium source is tellurium tetrachloride; The mass ratio of the surface-modified substrate, chloroplatinic acid, water, and reducing agent NaBH4 in step S3 is 1:0.1:5:0.4; the mass ratio of the loaded substrate, silane coupling agent KH560, and amino-containing metal-organic framework material in step S4 is 1:0.12:0.2; the amino-containing metal-organic framework material is prepared according to the method of Example 1 in Chinese invention patent document CN108927010B.

[0060] A hydrogenation catalyst prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing the hydrogenation catalyst.

[0061] Comparative Example 1

[0062] A hydrogenation catalyst is substantially the same as that of Example 1, except that ammonium hexafluorophosphate is not added, and step S4 and compounding are not performed.

[0063] Comparative Example 2

[0064] A hydrogenation catalyst is substantially the same as Example 1, except that no tellurium source is added, step S2 and surface modification are omitted, and a substrate is used in step S3 to replace the surface-modified substrate.

[0065] In order to further illustrate the beneficial technical effects of the hydrogenation catalysts prepared in each embodiment of the present invention, the catalytic effect performance test was performed on the hydrogenation catalysts prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2. The test results are shown in Table 1. The test method is as follows: The catalytic effect performance test was performed on an ester hydrogenation evaluation device, using dimethyl adipate and hydrogen as raw materials. The raw material was 99.9% dimethyl adipate by mass fraction, and the reaction was carried out at a temperature of 200°C, a pressure of 5 MPa, a molar ratio of hydrogen to dimethyl adipate of 170, and a volume space velocity of dimethyl adipate of 0.3 h. -1 The evaluation was conducted under the conditions of . The conversion rate of dimethyl adipate and the selectivity of the product 1,6-hexanediol were used as the evaluation criteria. The conversion rate of dimethyl adipate = (consumption of dimethyl adipate / feed amount of dimethyl adipate) × 100%, and the selectivity of 1,6-hexanediol = (production amount of 1,6-hexanediol / molecular weight of 1,6-hexanediol) × (molecular weight of dimethyl adipate / consumption of dimethyl adipate) × 100%.

[0066] Table 1

[0067] project Conversion rate of dimethyl adipate 1,6-Hexanediol selectivity unit % % Example 1 99.0 98.4 Example 2 99.2 98.7 Example 3 99.3 98.9 Example 4 99.5 99.0 Example 5 99.8 99.4 Comparative Example 1 97.6 95.3 Comparative Example 2 96.2 94.8

[0068] As can be seen from Table 1, the hydrogenation catalyst disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention has better catalytic hydrogenation effect and better selectivity than the comparative example product; the addition of ammonium hexafluorophosphate and tellurium source, and the setting of the composite and surface modification steps are beneficial to improving the above performance.

[0069] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1, preparation of a matrix: disperse a molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, a nickel source, a tungsten source, a manganese source, a zinc source and a tellurium source in ethylene glycol, stir evenly, slowly add sodium acetate, and vigorously stir for 2 hours, then transfer the mixture to a hydrothermal reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, and react at 190-210° C. for 15-20 hours; take out the reactor, and after the reaction system is cooled, wash it repeatedly with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, then dry it in a vacuum drying oven at 65-85° C. overnight, and finally heat it to 500-650° C. at 3-5° C. / min in a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature, and then keep it at this temperature for 8-12 hours and then cool it naturally to obtain a matrix; Step S2, surface modification: the substrate prepared in step S1 is dispersed in ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and pyrimidine are added thereto, and after reacting at 50-60° C. for 3-5 hours, the ethanol is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a surface-modified substrate; Step S3, loading: adding the surface-modified substrate and chloroplatinic acid into water, stirring and reacting at 60-80°C for 4-6 hours, adding reducing agent NaBH4, stirring and reacting at 90-98°C for 3-5 hours, centrifuging and drying in an oven at 85-95°C to constant weight; Step S4, compounding: uniformly mix the loaded substrate prepared in step S3, the silane coupling agent KH560, and the metal-organic framework material with amino groups to obtain a hydrogenation catalyst.

2. The method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the molybdenum source, ammonium hexafluorophosphate, nickel source, tungsten source, manganese source, zinc source, tellurium source, ethylene glycol and sodium acetate in step S1 is 0.5:(0.03-0.05):0.2:0.1:1:0.8:0.01:(25-35):(5-7).

3. The method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molybdenum source is at least one of molybdenum nitrate and molybdenum chloride; the nickel source is at least one of nickel nitrate and nickel chloride.

4. The method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tungsten source is tungsten nitrate; the manganese source is at least one of manganese chloride and manganese nitrate; the zinc source is at least one of zinc nitrate and zinc chloride; and the tellurium source is tellurium tetrachloride.

5. The method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the substrate, ethanol, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and pyrimidine in step S2 is 1:(3-5):0.3:0.

12.

6. The method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the surface-modified substrate, chloroplatinic acid, water, and reducing agent NaBH4 in step S3 is 1:(0.05-0.1):(3-5):(0.2-0.4).

7. The method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the loaded substrate, the silane coupling agent KH560, and the amino-containing metal-organic framework material in step S4 is 1:(0.08-0.12):0.

2.

8. A hydrogenation catalyst prepared by the method for preparing a hydrogenation catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 7.