A device for assessing microbial diversity indicators using aquatic sediments.

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of biodiversity research equipment, specifically relating to a device for assessing microbial diversity indicators using aquatic sediments. It includes a sampling tube and a branch pipe connected to the sampling tube, a positioning plate located at the lower end of the branch pipe, a positioning foot and a sampling end located at the lower end of the positioning plate and perpendicular to the ground. The positioning plate contains a sampling channel connected to the sampling end, which is sequentially connected to the branch pipe and the sampling tube to form a sediment channel. The side wall of the sampling tube is equipped with at least two sets of sampling power mechanisms. Each sampling power mechanism includes a mounting box, an L-shaped air passage located within the mounting box and connected to the inside of the sampling tube, a motor located at the upper end of the mounting box, and a first screw coaxially arranged with the motor's output end. This invention, through the cooperation of the sampling power mechanism and the transmission mechanism, can create negative pressure within the sediment channel by starting the motor to draw samples, while simultaneously driving the positioning foot to move downwards to position the device on the bottom of the water, achieving two goals at once.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of biodiversity research equipment, specifically relating to a device for assessing microbial biodiversity indicators using aquatic sediments. Background Technology

[0002] Microorganisms, as key participants in the material cycle and energy flow of lake ecosystems, have a close relationship with the regional environment and play a crucial role in the nitrogen and phosphorus cycle of water bodies. Therefore, research on microorganisms, especially those in lake sediments, is of great significance, and microbial diversity analysis is one of the fundamental aspects of this research. Many research methods exist both domestically and internationally for studying microbial diversity in sediments, broadly including: traditional microbial plate culture methods; microbial microplate identification and analysis methods; microbial fatty acid analysis methods; and molecular biology methods.

[0003] Prior to research on microbial diversity, random sampling was mostly used for sediments in lakes. However, the following problems often arose during the actual sampling process:

[0004] (1) Sampling locations are randomly selected. If the sample groups are small, the results of the diversity analysis will be random.

[0005] (2) The thickness of sediments in the water bodies varies in different sampling areas, and the types of microorganisms in the sediments at different thicknesses are different, making it more difficult to sample sediments of different thicknesses. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus for assessing microbial diversity indicators using aquatic sediments, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:

[0008] An apparatus for assessing microbial diversity indicators using aquatic sediments includes a sampling tube and a branch pipe connected to the sampling tube, a positioning plate located at the lower end of the branch pipe, a positioning foot and a sampling end located at the lower end of the positioning plate and perpendicular to the ground, wherein the positioning plate has a sampling channel connected to the sampling end, and the sampling channel is sequentially connected to the branch pipe and the sampling tube to form a sediment channel.

[0009] The sampling tube sidewall is provided with no less than two sets of sampling power mechanisms. The sampling power mechanism includes a mounting box, an L-shaped air passage located in the mounting box and communicating with the inside of the sampling tube, a motor located at the upper end of the mounting box, a first screw coaxially arranged with the output end of the motor, and a C-shaped connecting plate screwed to the first screw and moving up and down. The end of the C-shaped connecting plate away from the first screw extends into the L-shaped air passage and is fixedly connected to a piston plate.

[0010] When the motor is working, the first screw rotates and drives the piston plate to move within the L-shaped air passage, creating a negative pressure within the sediment channel to achieve sampling.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, a connecting shaft is coaxially provided at the lower end of the first screw, and a first gear is provided at the end of the connecting shaft. A transmission mechanism connected to the first gear is provided on the upper surface of the positioning disk. The transmission mechanism includes a ring gear and a second gear meshing with the outer end of the ring gear. The first gear meshes with the inner ring of the ring gear.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, the lower end of the second gear is fixedly connected to a second screw, and the upper end of the positioning foot is threadedly connected to the lower end of the second screw.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, the sampling end includes a sampling column arranged parallel to the positioning foot, a sampling port provided on the side wall of the sampling column, and a protective cover sleeved on the sampling column; the lower end of the C-shaped connecting plate is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, and the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the protective cover.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, a sleeve is provided between the mounting box and the upper end face of the positioning plate, and the connecting rod and the connecting shaft are both located inside the sleeve.

[0015] As a further optimization of the present invention, the branch pipe is provided with an annular portion parallel to the positioning plate, the annular portion is provided with a limiting hole for the sleeve to pass through and an annular air cavity communicating with the branch pipe, and an annular level is embedded in the upper end face of the annular portion.

[0016] As a further optimization of the present invention, the number of the sampling end and the positioning foot corresponds to the number of the sampling power mechanism, and the length of the positioning foot is greater than the length of the sampling end.

[0017] As a further optimization of the present invention, the sampling ports located on the sampling columns are at different positions.

[0018] As a further optimization of the present invention, the upper end of the sampling tube is provided with a tube cover, and the side of the tube cover is provided with a handle.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] 1) In this invention, by cooperating the sampling power mechanism and the transmission mechanism, a negative pressure can be formed in the sediment channel to absorb the sample by starting the motor. At the same time, the positioning foot can be driven to move down to achieve the positioning of the device at the bottom of the water, which achieves two goals at once.

[0021] 2) In this invention, the annular part not only limits the sleeve and prevents the device from tilting due to water flow when it is running underwater for a long time, but its internal annular air cavity can also increase the gas path of the sediment channel and delay the formation of negative pressure.

[0022] 3) In this invention, the device is more stable at the bottom of the water when sampling by using no less than two sets of positioning ends; no less than two sets of sampling ends can realize the sampling of multiple sets of samples, improving the comprehensiveness of the analysis results; the sampling port is located at different positions of the sampling end to realize the sampling of bottom sediments of different thicknesses. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting cylinder and the annular component in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling power mechanism in this invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the annular portion in this invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the transmission mechanism and the positioning disk in this invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sampling end and positioning foot of the positioning disk in this invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Sampling cylinder; 2. Cylinder cover; 3. Positioning plate; 4. Transmission mechanism; 5. Sampling power mechanism; 6. Positioning foot; 7. Sampling end; 8. Annular part; 9. Annular level; 10. Sleeve; 11. Branch pipe; 12. Sampling channel; 21. Handle; 41. Ring gear; 42. First gear; 43. Second gear; 44. Second screw; 51. Mounting box; 52. L-shaped air passage; 53. Motor; 54. First screw; 55. C-shaped connecting plate; 56. Connecting rod; 57. Coupling shaft; 71. Sampling port; 72. Protective cover; 81. Limiting hole; 82. Annular air chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the above-described contents.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an apparatus for assessing microbial diversity indicators using aquatic sediments, including a sampling tube 1 and a branch pipe 11 connected to the sampling tube 1, a positioning plate 3 located at the lower end of the branch pipe 11, a positioning foot 6 located at the lower end of the positioning plate 3 and perpendicular to the ground, and a sampling end 7. By inserting the positioning foot 6 and the sampling end 7 into the bottom of the water body to be tested, sediments at the bottom of the water body are extracted through the sampling end 7. The positioning plate 3 is provided with a sampling channel 12 connected to the sampling end 7. The sampling channel 12 is connected to the branch pipe 11 and the sampling tube 1 in sequence to form a sediment channel.

[0033] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the side wall of the sampling tube 1 is provided with no less than two sets of sampling power mechanisms 5. The sampling power mechanism 5 includes a mounting box 51, an L-shaped air passage 52 located in the mounting box 51 and communicating with the interior of the sampling tube 1, a motor 53 located at the upper end of the mounting box 51, a first screw 54 coaxially arranged with the output end of the motor 53, and a C-shaped connecting plate 55 screwed to the first screw 54 and moving up and down. The end of the C-shaped connecting plate 55 away from the first screw 54 extends into the L-shaped air passage 52 and is fixedly connected to a piston plate.

[0034] When the motor 53 is working, the motor 53 drives the first screw 54 to rotate. Since the C-shaped connecting plate 55 and the first screw 53 are connected by threads, the rotation of the first screw 54 will drive the piston plate to move in the L-shaped air passage 52, so that negative pressure is formed in the sediment passage to achieve sampling.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a connecting shaft 57 is coaxially provided at the lower end of the first screw 54, and a first gear 42 is provided at the end of the connecting shaft 57. A transmission mechanism 4 connected to the first gear 42 is provided on the upper surface of the positioning disk 3. The transmission mechanism 4 includes a ring gear 41 and a second gear 43 that meshes with the outer end of the ring gear 41. The first gear 42 meshes with the inner ring of the ring gear 41.

[0036] In this invention, the rotation of the first screw 54 synchronously drives the linkage 57 to rotate. Due to the transmission mechanism 4, this in turn drives the second gear 43 to rotate. The lower end of the second gear 43 is fixedly connected to the second screw 44, and the upper end of the positioning foot 6 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the second screw 44. Figure 6 A limiting sleeve is provided between the positioning foot 6 and the lower end face of the positioning disk 3 to prevent the positioning foot 6 from rotating synchronously when the second screw 44 rotates. In this invention, the second screw 44 will only drive the positioning foot 6 to move down, that is, the motor 53 drives the positioning foot 6 to move down to the bottom of the water to achieve positioning of the device.

[0037] In this invention, starting the motor 53 can create negative pressure in the sediment channel to absorb samples, and at the same time drive the positioning foot 6 to move down to position the device at the bottom of the water, achieving two goals at once.

[0038] Furthermore, the sampling end 7 includes a sampling column arranged parallel to the positioning foot 6, a sampling port 71 located on the side wall of the sampling column, and a protective cover 72 sleeved on the sampling column. The protective cover 72 can prevent foreign objects or debris from entering the sampling port 71 before the device takes samples, which would interfere with the sampling results. A connecting rod 56 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the C-shaped connecting plate 55, and the lower end of the connecting rod 56 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the protective cover 72.

[0039] In this invention, by starting the motor 53, the C-shaped connecting plate 55 drives the piston plate to move within the L-shaped air passage 52, creating a negative pressure in the sediment passage to achieve sampling. At the same time, the C-shaped connecting plate 55 also drives the protective cover 72 to move upward via the connecting rod 56, exposing the sampling port 71 for further sampling.

[0040] To further improve the stability of connecting rod 56 and connecting shaft 57 when running underwater, a sleeve 10 is provided between the mounting box 51 and the upper end face of the positioning plate 3, and both connecting rod 56 and connecting shaft 57 are located inside the sleeve 10.

[0041] To further limit the sleeve 10, the branch pipe 11 is provided with an annular part 8 parallel to the positioning plate 3. The annular part 8 is provided with a limiting hole 81 for the sleeve 10 to pass through, and an annular air cavity 82 communicating with the branch pipe 11. An annular level 9 is embedded in the upper end face of the annular part 8.

[0042] In this invention, by setting an annular air cavity 82 inside the annular part 8 and connecting the annular air cavity 82 to the branch pipe 11, the device will perform three actions simultaneously when the motor 53 is started: first, negative pressure will gradually be generated in the L-shaped air channel 52; second, the positioning foot 6 will gradually move down under the drive of the second screw 44 to achieve positioning; and third, the protective cover 72 will gradually move up to expose the sampling port 71. However, sampling cannot be performed when the sampling port 71 is not fully exposed and the positioning foot 6 is not fully inserted into the ground. The setting of the annular air cavity 82 in this invention can increase the sediment channel path, making the formation of negative pressure in the sediment channel slower. Negative pressure will not be fully formed before the positioning foot 6 is extended and the protective cover 72 is moved up. Therefore, the setting of the annular part 8 can not only limit the sleeve 10 and prevent the device from tilting due to water flow when it is running underwater for a long time, but the annular air cavity 82 inside can also increase the gas path of the sediment channel and delay the formation of negative pressure.

[0043] In addition, the ring-type level 9 in this invention can help staff determine whether the entire device is sampling vertically downwards.

[0044] Furthermore, the number of sampling ends 7 and positioning feet 6 corresponds to the number of sampling power mechanisms 5, and the length of positioning feet 6 is greater than the length of sampling ends 7.

[0045] Furthermore, the sampling ports 71 located on the sampling column are in different positions, which facilitates the device to sample sediments of different thicknesses at the bottom of the water, making the sample more abundant.

[0046] Furthermore, the upper end of the sampling tube 1 is provided with a tube cover 2, and the side of the tube cover 2 is provided with a handle 21. When using the device, the staff can hold the handle 21 and dive to the bottom of the water, start the motor 53 and operate the handle 21 to aim at the sampling position on the bottom of the water to achieve accurate sampling.

[0047] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for assessing microbial diversity indicators using aquatic sediments, characterized in that: It includes a sampling tube (1) and a branch pipe (11) connected to the sampling tube (1), a positioning plate (3) located at the lower end of the branch pipe (11), a positioning foot (6) located at the lower end of the positioning plate (3) and perpendicular to the ground, and a sampling end (7). The positioning plate (3) is provided with a sampling channel (12) connected to the sampling end (7). The sampling channel (12) is connected to the branch pipe (11) and the sampling tube (1) in sequence to form a sediment channel. The sampling tube (1) has at least two sets of sampling power mechanisms (5) on its side wall. The sampling power mechanism (5) includes a mounting box (51), an L-shaped air passage (52) located in the mounting box (51) and communicating with the inside of the sampling tube (1), a motor (53) located at the upper end of the mounting box (51), a first screw (54) coaxially connected to the output end of the motor (53), and a C-shaped connecting plate (55) screwed to the first screw (54) and moving up and down. The end of the C-shaped connecting plate (55) away from the first screw (54) extends into the L-shaped air passage (52) and a piston plate is fixedly connected to this end. When the motor (53) is working, the first screw (54) rotates and drives the piston plate to move in the L-shaped air passage (52), so that a negative pressure is formed in the sediment passage to achieve sampling; The sampling end (7) includes a sampling column arranged parallel to the positioning foot (6), a sampling port (71) located on the side wall of the sampling column, and a protective cover (72) sleeved on the outside of the sampling column; the lower end of the C-shaped connecting plate (55) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (56), and the lower end of the connecting rod (56) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the protective cover (72).

2. The apparatus for assessing microbial diversity indicators using aquatic sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the first screw (54) is coaxially connected to a connecting shaft (57), and the end of the connecting shaft (57) is provided with a first gear (42). The upper surface of the positioning disk (3) is provided with a transmission mechanism (4) connected to the first gear (42). The transmission mechanism (4) includes a ring gear (41) and a second gear (43) meshing with the outer end of the ring gear (41). The first gear (42) meshes with the inner ring of the ring gear (41). The transmission mechanism (4) is used to drive the second gear (43) to rotate.

3. The apparatus for assessing microbial diversity indicators using aquatic sediments according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the second gear (43) is fixedly connected to the second screw (44), and the upper end of the positioning foot (6) is threadedly connected to the lower end of the second screw (44).

4. The apparatus for assessing microbial diversity indicators using aquatic sediments according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sleeve (10) is provided between the upper end face of the mounting box (51) and the positioning plate (3), and the connecting rod (56) and the connecting shaft (57) are both located inside the sleeve (10).

5. The apparatus for assessing microbial diversity indicators using aquatic sediments according to claim 4, characterized in that: The branch pipe (11) is provided with an annular part (8) parallel to the positioning plate (3). The annular part (8) is provided with a limiting hole (81) for the sleeve (10) to pass through, and an annular air cavity (82) communicating with the branch pipe (11). An annular level (9) is embedded on the upper end face of the annular part (8).

6. The apparatus for assessing microbial diversity indicators using aquatic sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the sampling end (7) and the positioning foot (6) corresponds to the number of the sampling power mechanism (5), and the length of the positioning foot (6) is greater than the length of the sampling end (7).

7. The apparatus for assessing microbial diversity indicators using aquatic sediments according to claim 6, characterized in that: The height positions of several sampling ports (71) located on the sampling column are different from each other.

8. The apparatus for assessing microbial diversity indicators using aquatic sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling tube (1) is provided with a tube cover (2) at the upper end, and a handle (21) is provided on the side of the tube cover (2).

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