A classification gradient grouting anchor injection integrated device and a method for using the same

Abstract

The application discloses a classification gradient grouting anchor injection integrated device and a use method thereof, and belongs to the field of underground engineering support such as a roadway and a tunnel. The device comprises a grouting anchor rod, a grouting pipe integrated device and a grouting system. The grouting anchor rod is uniformly arranged with annular grout blocking plugs in the circumferential direction along an axis, and can be used for regional segmentation of surrounding rock and an anchor hole. The grouting pipe integrated device is arranged in the grouting anchor rod to realize sectional grouting. Different grouting pools are arranged in the grouting system, and a multistage controllable pressure gas is injected into the grouting pool by using a multistage pressurized gas pump to realize classification grouting of organic and inorganic slurries. The grouting pipe integrated device is deeply arranged in the grouting anchor rod, different grouting pipes connected with the grouting system can be combined, and gradient grouting of different particle size slurries with low, medium and high pressures is completed by cooperation of the grouting system. The application has the advantages of low, medium and high pressure gradient grouting, local sectional grouting, various functions, reasonable structure and high economic efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an integrated anchor-grouting device for classified gradient grouting and its application method, belonging to the field of underground engineering support such as roadways and tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Grouting reinforcement is a geotechnical modification technology that primarily utilizes grouting materials to fill fissures or pores in underground engineering structures such as roadways, tunnels, and culverts. This creates a grout-filled rock mass with a certain strength and seepage prevention function, thereby enhancing the strength and stability of weak and fractured surrounding rock and achieving both reinforcement and seepage prevention. This reinforcement method is widely used in fields such as mines, subways, tunnels, and water conservancy projects. It has advantages such as convenient construction, short construction time, and significant effects, playing a crucial role in improving the stability and safety of underground engineering projects.

[0003] At present, the main methods for reinforcing weak surrounding rock are sleeve valve grouting and grouting pipe grouting, which can achieve a certain grouting reinforcement effect, but also expose many defects and problems. First, in practical engineering, the type of grout is usually selected based on the size of the crack opening. However, the crack opening varies in different surrounding rock areas, necessitating categorized grouting. (Currently, there are three commonly used grouting materials: cement grout, which is inexpensive and widely available, but can only be injected into cracks larger than 0.1 mm; ultrafine cement grout, which has significant improvements and can be injected into cracks larger than 0.01 mm, but sets slowly; and chemical grout, which is non-viscous and can penetrate cracks of various opening sizes, and sets quickly, but is expensive and mostly toxic, causing environmental pollution. Different particle sizes of grout materials are injected into cracks of different opening sizes to match the particle size of the grout material with the crack opening size, ensuring that the grout can be injected into the crack and improving the grouting effect.) However, the type of grout used in existing grouting methods remains unchanged throughout the grouting process, making categorized grouting impossible. Second, the flow direction and location of the grout after injection cannot be effectively controlled, i.e., for localized cracks... Precise grouting and reinforcement cannot be carried out on fractured surrounding rock, resulting in an expansion of the grouting area, waste of grouting materials, and increased construction costs, which necessitates segmented grouting. Third, in actual engineering, it has been found that even within the same surrounding rock area, the fissure opening is not uniform. This requires the use of organic-inorganic grouting materials (slurries) of different particle sizes at the same location. At the same time, to ensure the grouting effect, the grouting pressure needs to be dynamically adjusted so that the slurry can be injected into fissures of different openings. This requires a gradient grouting process with low-medium-high pressure slurries of different particle sizes, but existing grouting methods are difficult to meet these requirements. Fourth, when a two-component grout is selected, the slurry is pre-mixed outdoors before injection. Although the two-component grout is uniformly mixed, premature mixing will reduce the fluidity of the slurry. Fifth, anchor bolts (cables) are often used to support the surrounding rock in underground engineering. However, whether grouting is done before or after installing anchor bolts (cables), the entire process is very cumbersome. Taking prestressed grouting anchor cables as an example, the entire construction process includes drilling, cleaning the hole, installing the anchor cable, grouting, installing the anchor, tensioning the anchor cable, and sealing the hole with grout. The process is complex and consumes a lot of manpower and resources.

[0004] Therefore, based on the aforementioned technical problems, there is an urgent need to develop a grouting and anchoring device that can perform classified grouting, segmented grouting, and gradient grouting, as well as its application method, to accurately repair surrounding rock fissures and reinforce broken surrounding rock. This device should also be able to mix the grout on-site to ensure good fluidity, and simplify the process, allowing anchoring and grouting operations to be performed simultaneously. In other words, a grouting and anchoring device integrating classified grouting, segmented grouting, gradient grouting, and on-site mixing functions is needed to solve existing engineering and technical problems and achieve integrated "anchoring-grouting" operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical Problem: The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an integrated anchoring and grouting device and its usage method for classified gradient grouting. It can not only realize classified grouting, segmented grouting, and gradient grouting to accurately repair surrounding rock fissures and reinforce broken surrounding rock, but also mix the grout on-site to ensure its good fluidity. Furthermore, it can simplify the process and enable anchoring and grouting operations to be carried out simultaneously.

[0006] Technical solution: The present invention provides an integrated anchor-grouting device for classified gradient grouting, comprising a grouting anchor rod, the tail end of which is connected to an anti-slip nut and a tray via a threaded connection, the remaining part of the grouting anchor rod being a perforated tube structure, and an integrated grouting pipe device inside the grouting anchor rod for controlling the segmented grouting of the perforated tube structure. The integrated grouting pipe device has a distance scale along its outer periphery along the axis for determining the corresponding position of the integrated grouting pipe device pushed into the grouting anchor rod, and its tail end is connected to a grouting system.

[0007] The grouting anchor rod is a hollow rod structure with an axial through hole inside. The end of the grouting anchor rod is equipped with a sealing plug. Multiple grouting holes communicating with the internal through hole are opened at equal intervals on the side wall of the grouting anchor rod. Multiple annular grout-blocking plugs are spaced apart on the outside of the grouting anchor rod. The size of the annular grout-blocking plugs matches the anchor hole. Multiple annular grout-blocking plugs divide and isolate the space between the anchor hole and the grouting anchor rod.

[0008] The grouting pipe integrated device is installed inside the through hole of the grouting anchor rod and can slide back and forth within the through hole as needed. The grouting pipe integrated device includes a bundled tube with dimensions matching the through hole size of the grouting anchor rod. The bundled tube is a porous hollow rod body with four independent pipe through holes axially opened inside the bundled tube (including gas injection hole, cement grout injection hole, ultrafine cement grout injection hole, and chemical grout injection hole). The end of the bundled tube and the grout-blocking body are matched with the through hole size of the grouting anchor rod, thereby ensuring that the material injected from the pipe through holes of the bundled tube is confined between the bundled tube end and the grout-blocking body, and enters the space between the anchor hole and the grouting anchor rod through the grouting hole on the grouting anchor rod between the bundled tube end and the grout-blocking body. Since the space between the anchor hole and the grouting anchor rod is separated by an annular grout-blocking plug, segmented grouting in the anchor hole is ensured.

[0009] Furthermore, each section of the grouting anchor has 3 to 5 grouting holes evenly arranged. Each grouting hole has threads on its wall, and a one-way check valve A can be installed by twisting through its threads as needed to prevent grout backflow.

[0010] Furthermore, the grouting system includes a cement grouting tank, an ultrafine cement grouting tank, a chemical grouting tank, and a multi-stage pressurized air pump. The output port of the multi-stage pressurized air pump is connected to the cement grouting tank, the ultrafine cement grouting tank, and the chemical grouting tank respectively through three air injection pipes to provide air pressure. The output port of the multi-stage pressurized air pump is also directly connected to the gas injection hole on the bundle tube through an air conduit. The outlet of the cement grouting tank is connected to the cement grouting hole on the bundle tube through a cement grouting conduit. The ultrafine cement grouting tank is connected to the ultrafine cement grouting hole on the bundle tube through an ultrafine cement grouting conduit. The chemical grouting tank is connected to the chemical grouting hole on the bundle tube through a chemical grouting conduit. One-way check valves B are installed at the grout injection ports of the cement grouting hole, the ultrafine cement grouting hole, and the chemical grouting hole to prevent grout from entering other grouting holes during selective grout injection.

[0011] Furthermore, the air injection pipes connected to the multi-stage pressurized air pumps, the cement slurry injection tank, the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank, and the chemical slurry injection tank are equipped with on / off shut-off valves.

[0012] Furthermore, the cement slurry injection tank and the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank are equipped with spiral agitators to instantly mix water and cement / ultrafine cement into slurry on-site, which helps to control the slurry ratio in real time. The bottom of the cement slurry injection tank and the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank is equipped with a motor housing, and the bottom of the spiral agitator has a built-in drive shaft, which passes through the bottom of the cement slurry injection tank and the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank and is connected to the motor housing. The cement slurry injection tank, the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank and the chemical slurry injection tank are all connected with removable sealing caps by threads to maintain airtightness. Thus, after the entry of multi-stage controllable pressure gas, a low-medium-high pressure is formed in the tank, which causes the slurry to flow out and diffuse.

[0013] Furthermore, the motor housing is a rectangular structure with two motors installed inside. These motors drive the spiral agitators in the cement slurry injection tank and the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank via a rotating drive shaft. The motor housing is equipped with a motor switch to control the opening and closing of the two motors.

[0014] The cement grouting conduit, ultrafine cement grouting conduit, and chemical grouting conduit are all equipped with a grout stop valve and a pressure flow meter at their respective connections to the cement grouting pool, ultrafine cement grouting pool, and chemical grouting pool. The pressure flow meter monitors the grouting pressure and grout flow rate in each type of grouting conduit in real time.

[0015] Furthermore, one-way check valve A and one-way check valve B have the same structure, both including a threaded sleeve and a circular stop plate. One end of the threaded sleeve is slidably connected to a stainless steel valve core at the center via a planar tripod. The stainless steel valve core passes through one end of the planar tripod and is connected to the center of the circular stop plate. The other end of the stainless steel valve core is equipped with a nut, and a spring is provided between the nut and the planar tripod. When slurry is injected, the slurry squeezes the circular stop plate to form pressure. At this time, the circular stop plate pulls the stainless steel valve core to squeeze the spring. The spring is compressed by force, and then the circular stop plate and the threaded sleeve are separated, forming an opening, and the slurry flows out and diffuses.

[0016] Furthermore, n-1 annular grout-blocking plugs are provided, dividing the anchor holes into region I, region II, region III, and region n (n≥4) according to the annular grout-blocking plugs. When it is detected that most of the cracks in a certain region divided by the annular grout-blocking plugs are large cracks, cement grout is selected to grout and reinforce that region. At this time, the grouting pipe integrated device is pushed into the corresponding position in the grouting anchor according to the distance scale arranged around it. The corresponding air stop valve and grout stop valve in the grouting system are opened, and the large cracks can be grouted and reinforced, forming a large crack in the region. Cement grout binder; similarly, when a medium-sized crack is detected in any area, i.e., the crack opening meets the standard for reinforcement with ultrafine cement grout, ultrafine cement grout should be selected for grouting reinforcement of that area. At this time, the grouting pipe integrated device is pushed into the corresponding position in the grouting anchor, and the corresponding air stop valve and grout stop valve in the grouting system are opened, so that the medium-sized crack can be grouted to form an ultrafine cement grout binder; similarly, when a small crack is detected in a certain area, chemical grout is injected to form an ultrafine cement grout binder in that area.

[0017] A method for using a graded gradient grouting integrated anchoring and injection device includes the following steps:

[0018] Drill anchor holes at pre-marked locations in the surrounding rock, then install one-way check valve A in the grouting hole of the grouting anchor rod, and install annular grout-blocking plugs at reasonable intervals around the outer wall of the grouting anchor rod; after the above work is completed, push the grouting anchor rod into the anchor hole;

[0019] Then, the cement grout injection pipe, ultrafine cement grout injection pipe, chemical grout injection pipe and air pipe are pushed into the corresponding injection holes of the bundle tube, and a one-way check valve B is installed at the injection port at the end of the bundle tube; after the above work is completed, the grouting pipe integrated device is pushed into the grouting anchor.

[0020] Then, cement and ultrafine cement are added to the cement slurry injection tank and ultrafine cement slurry injection tank respectively. The motor is started by the motor switch on the motor box, which drives the spiral agitator. The spiral agitator thoroughly mixes the cement, ultrafine cement and water, and stirs the two slurries evenly. The spiral agitator is kept in drive to maintain the good fluidity of the cement slurry and ultrafine cement slurry. The water and cement / ultrafine cement are mixed into slurry on site in real time, which helps to control the slurry ratio in real time. Finally, the chemical slurry is injected into the chemical slurry injection tank, and the sealing cover is installed in each injection tank. After the above work is completed, the multi-stage pressurized air pump is started to carry out grouting reinforcement. After the injected slurry has cemented, the tray and anti-slip screw nut are installed sequentially on the part of the grouting anchor rod exposed outside the anchor hole.

[0021] In the actual grouting process, when it is detected that a part of the crack in a certain area divided by the annular grout plug is a large crack, cement grout should be selected to grout and reinforce that part of the area. At this time, the grouting pipe integrated device is pushed into the corresponding position in the grouting anchor according to the distance scale arranged around the axis, and the corresponding switch air stop valve and switch grout stop valve in the grouting system are opened.

[0022] A multi-stage pressurized air pump is activated to inject multi-stage controllable pressure gas into the cement grout injection tank. Under low-medium-high pressure, the cement grout enters the corresponding cement grout injection hole of the bundle tube through the cement grout injection conduit. At the injection port, it is injected into the grouting anchor rod through the one-way check valve B. The cement grout is blocked by the grout in the hollow channel of the grouting anchor rod, forming an isolation space, and then is injected out from the injection holes set around the grouting anchor rod. During this process, the multi-stage controllable pressure gas is blown out through the gas injection hole, which can clean the grouting anchor rod and the one-way check valve A. The residual grout serves to clean and tidy the area. Similarly, when a medium-sized crack is detected in part I (i.e., the crack opening meets the standard for reinforcement with ultrafine cement grout), ultrafine cement grout should be selected to reinforce part I. At this time, the grouting pipe integrated device is pushed into the corresponding position in the grouting anchor, and the corresponding air stop valve and grout stop valve in the grouting system are opened to reinforce the medium-sized crack. When a small crack is detected in a certain area, the above method is repeated to inject chemical grout to reinforce the small crack.

[0023] If it is detected that the crack opening is uneven in a certain area divided by the annular grout plug in the anchor hole, including large cracks, medium cracks, and small cracks, and the crack opening decreases from the surface of the anchor hole to the depth of the surrounding rock, then chemical grout should be injected first. Chemical grout is non-viscous and flows without constraint. Then, ultrafine cement grout should be injected, and finally cement grout should be injected. This grouting process achieves gradient grouting: open the air stop valve and grout stop valve corresponding to the chemical grout injection tank, start the multi-stage pressurized air pump, and adjust the pressure through the motor switch to make the chemical grout fill the small cracks in the interior as much as possible under medium to high pressure. After the chemical grout is injected, close the air stop valve and grout stop valve corresponding to the chemical grout injection tank, open the air stop valve and grout stop valve corresponding to the ultrafine cement grout injection tank, and inject ultrafine cement grout to seal the medium cracks in the area by adjusting the pressure. After the ultrafine cement grout is injected, inject cement grout to seal the large cracks in the area according to the above steps.

[0024] Beneficial Effects: Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, this invention combines the functions of on-site real-time grout mixing and segmented grouting, classified grouting, and gradient grouting for precise repair of surrounding rock fissures, reinforcement of fractured surrounding rock, and simultaneous anchoring and grouting operations. It overcomes the shortcomings of existing grouting methods, such as the single grouting category, the inability to accurately reinforce surrounding rock due to grout loss after large-scale grouting, and the inability to perform gradient grouting for fissures of varying opening sizes. It utilizes annular grout-blocking plugs to segment the surrounding rock and anchor holes, achieving segmented grouting; the grouting system incorporates different grouting pools, and multi-stage pressurized air pumps inject multi-stage controllable pressure gas into different grouting pools to achieve classified grouting of organic-inorganic grouts; and the grouting pipe integration device combines different grouting pipes connected to the grouting system, enabling gradient grouting of grouts of different particle sizes from low to medium to high pressure through the coordinated operation of the grouting system. The device integrates multiple functions, solving the problems of limited grouting types in existing grouting methods, ineffective grouting for cracks of different opening sizes, and the difficulty of accurately reinforcing surrounding rock and repairing cracks with poor rock reinforcement effects in existing grouting methods. It achieves integrated "anchoring-grouting" operations. This invention has a simple structure, stable function, and simple procedures, which can greatly improve work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor hole in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting method of the integrated anchor-grouting device for classified gradient grouting in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the integrated anchoring and grouting device for classified gradient grouting in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4(a) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the grouting pipe integrated device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4(b) is a schematic diagram of the end cross-section of the grouting pipe integrated device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5(a) is a top view of the grouting system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5(b) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the grouting system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the grouting system and grouting pipe integrated device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7(a) is a front view of the one-way check valve (AB) in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7(b) is a front view of the opening of the one-way check valve (AB) in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7(c) is a left view of the one-way check valve (AB) in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the spiral stirrer in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1-surrounding rock, 2-grouting anchor bolt, 3-anti-slip threaded nut, 4-pallet, 5-anchor hole, 6-thread, 7-annular grout-blocking plug, 8-grouting hole, 9-one-way check valve A, 10-sealing plug, 11-grouting pipe integrated device, 12-tube bundle, 13-tube bundle end, 14-end shaft, 15-grout-blocking body, 16-large fracture, 17-medium fracture, 18-small fracture, 19-gas injection hole, 20-cement grouting hole, 21-ultra-fine cement grouting hole, 22-chemical grouting hole, 23-stainless steel valve core, 24-spring, 25-circular stop plate, 26-planar triangular support, 27-cement grout bonding 28-Chemical grout binder, 29-Ultra-fine cement grout binder, 30-Grouting system, 31-Cement grout injection tank, 32-Ultra-fine cement grout injection tank, 33-Chemical grout injection tank, 34-Multi-stage pressurized air pump, 35-Air injection pipe, 36-Spiral agitator, 37-Switch stop valve, 38-Pressure flow meter, 39-Motor box, 40-Motor switch, 41-Air duct, 42-Cement grout injection duct, 43-Ultra-fine cement grout injection duct, 44-Chemical grout injection duct, 45-Sealing cap, 46-Drive shaft, 47-Switch stop valve, 48-One-way check valve B, 49-Threaded sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings:

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention discloses an integrated anchor-grouting device for graded gradient grouting, comprising a grouting anchor rod 2. The tail end of the grouting anchor rod 2 is threadedly connected to an anti-slip nut 3 and a tray 4. The remaining portion of the grouting anchor rod 2 is a perforated tube structure. An integrated grouting pipe device 11 is provided inside the grouting anchor rod 2 to control the segmented grout discharge from the perforated tube structure. The grouting pipe device 11 has distance scales along its outer periphery along its axis, used to push the integrated grouting pipe device 11 to the corresponding position in the grouting anchor rod 2. Its tail end is connected to a grouting system 30. The grouting anchor rod 2 is a hollow rod structure with an axially oriented through hole inside. A sealing plug 10 is provided at the end of the grouting anchor rod 2. Multiple grouting holes 8, communicating with the internal through hole, are evenly spaced on the side wall of the grouting anchor rod 2. Multiple annular grout-blocking plugs 7 are spaced apart on the outer side of the grouting anchor rod 2. The size of the annular grout-blocking plugs 7 matches the anchor hole 5, and the multiple annular grout-blocking plugs 7 partition and isolate the space between the anchor hole 5 and the grouting anchor rod 2.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the annular grout-blocking plug 7 has n-1 units, dividing the anchor hole 5 into region I, region II, region III, and region n (n≥4) according to the annular grout-blocking plug 7; when a large crack 16 is detected in part of region III, cement grout should be selected to reinforce part of region III by grouting. At this time, the grouting pipe integrated device 11 can be pushed into the corresponding position in the grouting anchor rod 2 according to the distance scale arranged around it, and the corresponding switch air stop valve 47 in the grouting system 30 is opened. By switching the grout stop valve 37, grouting reinforcement can be carried out on the large crack 16. Similarly, when the crack in part I is detected to be a medium crack 17, that is, the crack opening meets the standard for reinforcement with ultrafine cement grout, ultrafine cement grout should be selected to reinforce part I with grout. At this time, the grouting pipe integrated device 11 can be pushed into the corresponding position in the grouting anchor rod 2, and the corresponding switch air stop valve 47 and switch grout stop valve 37 in the grouting system 30 can be opened to reinforce the medium crack 17 with grout.

[0041] As shown in Figures 4(a) and 4(b), the grouting pipe integrated device 11 is installed inside the through hole of the grouting anchor 2 and can slide back and forth within the through hole of the grouting anchor 2 as needed. The grouting pipe integrated device 11 includes a bundled tube 12 whose size matches the through hole size of the grouting anchor 2. The bundled tube 12 is a porous hollow rod body, and four independent pipe through holes are axially opened inside the bundled tube 12, including a gas injection hole 19, a cement grout injection hole 20, an ultrafine cement grout injection hole 21, and a chemical grout injection hole 22. One end of the grouting anchor rod 2 is connected to a grout-blocking body 15 via an end shaft 14. The grout-blocking body 15 matches the size of the through hole in the grouting anchor rod 2, thereby ensuring that the material injected from the pipe through hole of the bundle tube 12 is confined between the port of the bundle tube 12 and the grout-blocking body 15, and enters the space between the anchor hole 5 and the grouting anchor rod 2 through the grouting hole 8 on the grouting anchor rod 2 between the port of the bundle tube 12 and the grout-blocking body 15. Since the space between the anchor hole 5 and the grouting anchor rod 2 is separated by an annular grout-blocking plug 7, segmented grouting in the anchor hole 5 is ensured.

[0042] As shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b), the grouting system 30 includes a cement slurry grouting tank 31, an ultrafine cement slurry grouting tank 32, a chemical slurry grouting tank 33, and a multi-stage pressurized air pump 34. The output port of the multi-stage pressurized air pump 34 is connected to the cement slurry grouting tank 31, the ultrafine cement slurry grouting tank 32, and the chemical slurry grouting tank 33 respectively via three air injection pipes, providing air pressure. The output port of the multi-stage pressurized air pump 34 is also directly connected to the gas injection hole 19 on the bundle tube 12 via an air conduit 41. The outlet of the cement slurry grouting tank 31 is connected to the cement slurry injection hole 19 via a cement slurry injection pipe 41. The grouting conduit 42 is connected to the cement grouting hole 20 on the bundle tube 12. The ultrafine cement grouting pool 32 is connected to the ultrafine cement grouting hole 21 on the bundle tube 12 through the ultrafine cement grouting conduit 43. The chemical grouting pool 33 is connected to the chemical grouting hole 22 on the bundle tube 12 through the chemical grouting conduit 44. One-way check valves B48 are installed at the grouting inlets of the cement grouting hole 20, the ultrafine cement grouting hole 21, and the chemical grouting hole 22. The purpose is to prevent the grout from entering other grouting holes during grouting.

[0043] The motor housing 39 is a rectangular structure located at the bottom of the grouting system 30. It houses two motors that drive the spiral agitators 36 in the cement grouting tank 31 and the ultrafine cement grouting tank 32 via a rotary drive shaft 46. The motor housing 39 is equipped with a motor switch 40 to control the on / off operation of the two motors. The cement grouting conduit 42, ultrafine cement grouting conduit 43, and chemical grouting conduit 44 are respectively connected to the cement grouting tank 31, ultrafine cement grouting tank 32, and chemical grouting tank 33, and each is equipped with a grout stop valve 37 and a pressure flow meter 38. The pressure flow meter 38 can monitor the grouting pressure and grout flow rate in each type of grouting conduit in real time.

[0044] As shown in Figures 7(a), 7(b), and 7(c), both the one-way check valve A9 and the one-way check valve B48 are composed of a threaded sleeve 49, a stainless steel valve core 23, a spring 24, a flat tripod 26, and a circular baffle 25. The threaded sleeve 49 is installed on the corresponding structure by threaded twisting, and the flat tripod 26 is inherent on one side. The stainless steel valve core 23 passes sequentially through the spring 23 and the flat tripod 26 and is connected to the circular baffle 25. When the slurry is injected, the slurry compresses the circular baffle 25 to form pressure. At this time, the circular baffle 25 pulls the stainless steel valve core 23 to compress the spring 24. The spring 24 is compressed, and the circular baffle 25 is pulled away from the threaded sleeve 49 to form an opening, allowing the slurry to flow out and diffuse.

[0045] like Figure 8 As shown, the cement slurry injection tank 31 and the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank 32 are equipped with spiral agitators 36 to instantly mix water and cement (ultrafine cement) into slurry on-site, which helps to control the slurry mix ratio in real time. The spiral agitator 36 has a built-in drive shaft 46 at its bottom, which passes through the bottom of the cement slurry injection tank 31 and the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank 32 and is connected to the motor housing 39.

Claims

1. A grouting and anchoring integrated device for classified gradient grouting, characterized in that: The grouting anchor (2) is connected to an anti-slip nut (3) and a tray (4) by a thread (6) at its tail end. The rest of the grouting anchor (2) is a perforated tube structure. The grouting anchor (2) is equipped with a grouting pipe integrated device (11) to control the grouting of the perforated tube structure in sections. The grouting pipe integrated device (11) has a distance scale along its outer periphery along the axis to determine the corresponding position of the grouting pipe integrated device (11) in the grouting anchor (2). Its tail end is connected to a grouting system (30). The grouting anchor (2) is a hollow rod structure. The grouting anchor (2) has an axial through hole inside. The end of the grouting anchor (2) is provided with a sealing plug (10). The side wall of the grouting anchor (2) has multiple grouting holes (8) that communicate with the internal through hole at equal intervals. The outer side of the grouting anchor (2) is provided with multiple annular grout-blocking plugs (7) at intervals. The size of the annular grout-blocking plugs (7) matches the anchor hole (5). The multiple annular grout-blocking plugs (7) divide the space between the anchor hole (5) and the grouting anchor (2) into zones. The grouting pipe integrated device (11) is installed in the through hole of the grouting anchor rod (2) and can slide back and forth in the through hole of the grouting anchor rod (2) as needed. The grouting pipe integrated device (11) includes a bundle tube (12) whose size matches the through hole size of the grouting anchor rod (2). The bundle tube (12) is a porous hollow rod body. Four independent pipe through holes are axially opened in the bundle tube (12), including a gas injection hole (19), a cement grout injection hole (20), an ultrafine cement grout injection hole (21), and a chemical grout injection hole (22). The end of the bundle tube (12) that extends into the through hole of the grouting anchor rod (2) is the bundle tube end (13). The end of the tube (13) is connected to a grout-blocking body (15) via an end shaft (14). The grout-blocking body (15) matches the size of the through hole in the grouting anchor (2), thereby ensuring that the material injected from the through hole of the tube (12) is confined between the end of the tube (13) and the grout-blocking body (15), and enters the space between the anchor hole (5) and the grouting anchor (2) through the grouting hole (8) on the grouting anchor (2) between the end of the tube (13) and the grout-blocking body (15). Since the space between the anchor hole (5) and the grouting anchor (2) is separated by an annular grout-blocking plug (7), segmented grouting in the anchor hole (5) is ensured.

2. The integrated anchoring and grouting device for classified gradient grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting anchor (2) has 3 to 5 grouting holes (8) evenly arranged on each section. Each grouting hole (8) has a thread on its wall. A one-way check valve A (9) can be installed by twisting through its thread as needed to prevent grout backflow.

3. The integrated anchoring and grouting device for classified gradient grouting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grouting system (30) includes a cement grouting tank (31), an ultrafine cement grouting tank (32), a chemical grouting tank (33), and a multi-stage pressurized air pump (34). The output port of the multi-stage pressurized air pump (34) is connected to the cement grouting tank (31), the ultrafine cement grouting tank (32), and the chemical grouting tank (33) respectively through three air injection pipes to provide air pressure. The output port of the multi-stage pressurized air pump (34) is also directly connected to the gas injection hole (19) on the bundle tube (12) through the air conduit (41). The outlet of the cement grouting tank (31) is connected to the bundle tube (12) through the cement grouting conduit (42). The cement grout injection hole (20) on the tube (12) is connected, the ultrafine cement grout injection tank (32) is connected to the ultrafine cement grout injection hole (21) on the bundle tube (12) through the ultrafine cement grout injection conduit (43), and the chemical grout injection tank (33) is connected to the chemical grout injection hole (22) on the bundle tube (12) through the chemical grout injection conduit (44). The cement grout injection hole (20), the ultrafine cement grout injection hole (21) and the chemical grout injection hole (22) are all equipped with a one-way check valve B (48) at the grout injection port. The purpose is to prevent the grout from entering other injection holes when the grout is injected.

4. The integrated anchoring and grouting device for classified gradient grouting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multi-stage pressurized air pump (34) is connected to the air injection pipe (35) of the cement slurry injection tank (31), the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank (32) and the chemical slurry injection tank (33) respectively, and the air injection pipe (35) is equipped with a switch stop valve (47).

5. The integrated anchoring and grouting device for classified gradient grouting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cement slurry injection tank (31) and the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank (32) are equipped with a spiral agitator (36) to instantly mix water and cement / ultrafine cement into slurry on site, which helps to control the slurry ratio in real time. The bottom of the cement slurry injection tank (31) and the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank (32) is equipped with a motor box (39). The bottom of the spiral agitator (36) has a built-in drive shaft (46). The drive shaft (46) passes through the bottom of the cement slurry injection tank (31) and the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank (32) and is connected to the motor box (39). The cement slurry injection tank (31), the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank (32) and the chemical slurry injection tank (33) are all connected with a removable sealing cover (45) by thread to maintain airtightness. After the multi-level controllable pressure gas enters, a low-medium-high pressure is formed in the tank, so that the slurry flows out and diffuses.

6. The integrated anchoring and grouting device for classified gradient grouting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The motor housing (39) is a rectangular structure with two motors installed inside. The spiral agitator (36) in the cement slurry injection tank (31) and the ultrafine cement slurry injection tank (32) is driven by the rotating drive shaft (46). The motor housing (39) is equipped with a motor switch (40) to control the opening and closing of the two motors. The cement grouting conduit (42), ultrafine cement grouting conduit (43) and chemical grouting conduit (44) are respectively equipped with a grout stop valve (37) and a pressure flow meter (38) at the connection points with the cement grouting pool (31), ultrafine cement grouting pool (32) and chemical grouting pool (33). The pressure flow meter (38) monitors the grouting pressure and grout flow in the various grouting conduits in real time.

7. The integrated anchoring and grouting device for classified gradient grouting according to claim 6, characterized in that: One-way check valve A (9) and one-way check valve B (48) have the same structure, both including a threaded sleeve (49) and a circular stop plate (25). One end of the threaded sleeve (49) is slidably connected to a stainless steel valve core (23) at the center through a planar tripod (26). The stainless steel valve core (23) passes through the planar tripod (26) and is connected to the center of the circular stop plate (25). The other end of the stainless steel valve core (23) is provided with a nut, and a spring (24) is provided between the nut and the planar tripod (26). When the slurry is injected, the slurry squeezes the circular stop plate (25) to form pressure. At this time, the circular stop plate (25) pulls the stainless steel valve core (23) to squeeze the spring (24). The spring (24) is compressed by force, and then the circular stop plate (25) and the threaded sleeve (49) are separated to form an opening, and the slurry flows out and diffuses.

8. The integrated anchoring and grouting device for classified gradient grouting according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are n-1 annular grout-blocking plugs (7). The anchor hole (5) is divided into region I, region II, region III and region n (n≥4) according to the annular grout-blocking plugs (7). When it is detected that most of the cracks in a certain region divided by the annular grout-blocking plugs (7) are large cracks (16), cement grout is selected to reinforce the region. At this time, the grouting pipe integrated device (11) is pushed into the corresponding position in the grouting anchor rod (2) according to the distance scale arranged around it. The corresponding switch stop valve (47) and switch stop grout valve (37) in the grouting system (30) are opened, and the large cracks (16) can be reinforced by grouting. Cement grout is formed in the region. Grout cement body (27); Similarly, when a medium crack (17) is detected in any area, that is, the crack opening meets the standard for reinforcement by injecting ultrafine cement grout, ultrafine cement grout should be selected to reinforce the area by grouting. At this time, the grouting pipe integrated device (11) is pushed into the corresponding position in the grouting anchor (2), and the corresponding switch stop valve (47) and switch stop grout valve (37) in the grouting system (30) are opened, so that the medium crack (17) can be grouted to form an ultrafine cement grout cement body (29); Similarly, when a small crack (18) is detected in a certain area, chemical grout is injected to form a chemical grout cement body (28) in the area.

9. A method of using the integrated anchoring and grouting device for classified gradient grouting as described in claim 8, characterized in that... The steps are as follows: Drill anchor holes (5) at the pre-marked position in the surrounding rock (1), then install one-way stop valve A (9) in the grouting hole (8) of the grouting anchor (2), and install annular grout-blocking plugs (7) at reasonable intervals along the axis of the grouting anchor (2) on its outer wall; after the above work is completed, push the grouting anchor (2) into the anchor hole (5); Then, the cement grout injection conduit (42), ultrafine cement grout injection conduit (43), chemical grout injection conduit (44) and air conduit (41) are pushed into the corresponding injection holes of the bundle tube (12), and a one-way check valve B (48) is installed at the injection port at the end of the bundle tube (12); after the above work is completed, the grouting pipe integrated device (11) is pushed into the grouting anchor (2); Then, cement and ultrafine cement are added to the cement slurry injection tank (31) and ultrafine cement slurry injection tank (32) respectively. The motor is started by the motor switch (40) on the motor box (39), which drives the spiral mixer (36). The spiral mixer (36) will mix the cement, ultrafine cement and water thoroughly and stir the two slurries evenly. The spiral mixer (36) is kept in driving state to maintain the good fluidity of the cement slurry and ultrafine cement slurry. The water and cement / ultrafine cement are immediately mixed into slurry on site, which helps to control the slurry ratio in real time. Finally, the chemical slurry is injected into the chemical slurry injection tank (33), and the sealing cover (45) is installed on the injection tank respectively. After the above work is completed, the multi-stage pressurized air pump (34) is started to carry out grouting reinforcement. After the injected slurry is cemented, the tray (4) and anti-slip screw nut (3) are installed in sequence on the part of the grouting anchor (2) exposed outside the anchor hole (5). In the actual grouting process, when a large crack (16) is detected in a certain area divided by the annular grout plug (7), cement grout should be selected to reinforce that part. At this time, the grouting pipe integrated device (11) is pushed into the corresponding position in the grouting anchor (2) according to the distance scale arranged along the axis around the body. The corresponding switch stop valve (47) and switch stop grout valve (37) in the grouting system (30) are opened; the multi-stage pressurized air pump ( 34) Inject multi-stage controllable pressure gas into the cement grout injection tank (31). Under low-medium-high pressure, the cement grout enters the cement grout injection hole (20) corresponding to the bundle tube (12) through the cement grout injection conduit (42). At the injection port, it is injected into the grouting anchor (2) through the one-way check valve B (48). The cement grout is blocked by the grout (15) in the hollow channel of the grouting anchor (2) to form an isolation space, and then the grout is released from the grouting anchor (2) around the body. The grout is injected into the grouting hole (8) and forms a cement grout cement body (27) in the corresponding section. During this process, multi-stage controllable pressure gas is blown out through the gas injection hole (19), which can clean the residual grout of the grouting anchor (2) and the one-way stop valve A (9), and play a role in cleaning. Similarly, when any area is detected to be a medium crack (17), it is determined that the crack opening meets the standard for reinforcing with ultrafine cement grout. Ultrafine cement grout should be selected to reinforce the area. At this time, the grouting pipe integrated device (11) is pushed into the corresponding position in the grouting anchor (2), and the corresponding switch stop valve (47) and switch stop grout valve (37) in the grouting system (30) are opened. The medium crack (17) can be reinforced by grouting to form an ultrafine cement grout cement body (29). When a certain area is detected to be a small crack (18), the above method is repeated to inject chemical grout to reinforce the small crack. If it is detected that the crack opening is uneven in a certain area divided by the annular grout plug (7) of the anchor hole (5), including large cracks (16), medium cracks (17), and small cracks (18), and the crack opening decreases from the surface of the anchor hole (5) to the depth of the surrounding rock (1), then chemical grout should be injected first. Chemical grout is non-viscous and flows without constraint. Then ultrafine cement grout should be injected, and finally cement grout should be injected. Gradient grouting is achieved by using this grouting process: open the switch stop valve (47) and switch stop valve (37) corresponding to the chemical grout injection pool (33), start the multi-stage pressurized air pump (34), and drive the motor (39) The pressure is controlled by the motor switch (40) of the chemical grouting tank (33) so that the chemical grout can fill the small cracks (18) inside as much as possible under medium-high pressure. After the chemical grout is injected, the air stop valve (47) and the grout stop valve (37) corresponding to the chemical grouting tank (33) are closed, and the air stop valve (47) and the grout stop valve (37) corresponding to the ultrafine cement grouting tank (32) are opened. The medium cracks (17) in the ultrafine cement grouting area are injected by controlling the pressure. After the ultrafine cement grout is injected, the large cracks (16) in the cement grouting area are injected according to the above steps.

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