Plasmonic device and method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application relates to a kind of plasmonic devices, comprising first electrode, second electrode and electrolyte, the first electrode, second electrode and electrolyte form electrochemical cell, a plurality of dispersed distribution nucleation sites are arranged on the second electrode, the nucleation site is core-shell structure;When charging, metal ions in electrolyte are deposited and grown on the core-shell structure to form plasmonic structure.The plasmonic device in the application precisely controls the size of metal nanoparticle deposition or deintercalation by adjusting current density and regulating time, and then determines the color displayed, and the response time of color conversion is between 25-100 ms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a plasmon device and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of optics. Background Art

[0002] As an important component of information technology, display has become an important pillar of the information industry. The various technologies currently being developed, such as liquid crystal display, organic light emitting display, quantum dot display, and light emitting diode display, have all led to significant development in the field of display technology.

[0003] But currently the resolution of these display technologies is still limited by the diffraction limit, and energy consumption is also a problem.

[0004] The surface plasmon effect has a unique localized light field effect in subwavelength space that breaks the diffraction limit and has been widely used in many fields. Its spectral characteristics are affected by the metal material and size and have wide-spectrum adjustability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to combine the plasmon effect with optical display technology, the present invention provides a plasmon device that controls the plasmon effect through an electrochemical cell, thereby controlling the color range of the display and achieving high-resolution color control.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a plasmon device comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and an electrolyte, wherein the first electrode, the second electrode, and the electrolyte form an electrochemical cell, wherein the second electrode is provided with a plurality of dispersed nucleation sites, wherein the nucleation sites are a core-shell structure, and as the electrochemical cell is charged or discharged, alkali metal ions in the electrolyte are deposited on or stripped from the core-shell structure, causing the size of the alkali metal particles to change. The design of the nanocore-shell structure in the present invention enables the electrochemical cell to operate rapidly under high current conditions, and during the charge and discharge process, the shape and size of the nanoparticles change due to the deposition and deintercalation of alkali metal ions, thereby causing changes in the output plasmon spectrum. This property can be rapidly controlled by controlling the external current intensity and time.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the second electrode includes a conductive substrate, the core-shell structure is distributed on the conductive substrate, the core-shell structure includes dielectric particles and a metal layer coated on the dielectric particles, the metal layer fully or partially wraps the dielectric particles, preferably fully wraps them, and electron transfer is achieved using the conductive substrate. After the metal ions in the solution obtain electrons, they are deposited and grow on the core-shell structure.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the nucleation site satisfies one or a combination of the following:

[0009] - arrayed on the second electrode;

[0010] - the distance between the nucleation sites is 10-2000nm;

[0011] - the size of each core-shell structure at the nucleation sites is the same or different;

[0012] By adjusting the distribution, size and distance of the core-shell structure, the displayed color and resolution can be controlled.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the medium particles satisfy one or a combination of the following:

[0014] - the medium particles are magnesium fluoride, silicon dioxide or silicon nitride or polystyrene, and the medium particles are nanoscale particles;

[0015] - the medium particles are spherical particles with a diameter of 100-2000nm. The stability of the chemical and physical properties of the medium particles is conducive to the stability of the optical display performance. The medium particles in this size range can achieve full spectrum control in the visible light range.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the metal layer deposited on the medium particles satisfies one or a combination of the following:

[0017] - the metal layer is a noble metal, and the metal layer material is selected from one or more of Au, Ag and Cu, and the chemical properties are stable, which is conducive to prolonging the service life of the plasmonic device;

[0018] - the thickness of the metal layer is 10-100nm. Below this thickness, the layer film is uneven, which is not conducive to electron transmission. Above this thickness, it will lead to dendrites.

[0019] As a preferred solution, the plasmonic device in the application includes a substrate, the substrate includes a first region and a second region, the first region is provided with the first electrode, and the second region is provided with the second electrode. The substrate is not conductive. By dividing the regions to set the first electrode and the second electrode, on the one hand, the electrodes can be prevented from being connected, and on the other hand, the preparation of the electrodes is facilitated.

[0020] As a preferred solution, the first electrode is LiFePO4, and the electrolyte is a lithium-containing solution;

[0021] During the charging process of the electrochemical cell, the electrode reaction is:

[0022] First electrode: LiFePO4→Li 1-x FePO4+xLi + +xe -

[0023] Second electrode: xLi + +xe - → xLi;

[0024] With the extension of charging time, alkali metal particles at the nucleation sites of the second electrode gradually grow larger, realizing color change based on plasmonic effect.

[0025] During discharging, the electrode reaction is:

[0026] First electrode: Li 1-x FePO4+xLi + +xe - → LiFePO4

[0027] Second electrode: xLi-xe - → xLi +

[0028] With the extension of discharging time, alkali metal particles at the nucleation sites of the second electrode gradually decrease, realizing color change based on plasmonic effect.

[0029] As a preferred solution, the first electrode is LiFePO4, and the electrolyte is a lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) solution, specifically 1M LiTFSI dissolved in 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) and dimethoxyethane (DME) with a mixed volume ratio of 1:1, and the mass fraction of the additive lithium nitrate (LiNO3) in the solution is 1%. During the charging process of the electrochemical cell, the electrode reaction is:

[0030] First electrode: LiFePO4→ Li 1-x FePO4+xLi + +xe -

[0031] Second electrode: xLi + +xe - → xLi;

[0032] During discharging, the electrode reaction is:

[0033] First electrode: Li 1-x FePO4+xLi + +xe - → LiFePO4

[0034] Second electrode: xLi-xe - → xLi + .

[0035] As a preferred solution, the preparation method of the second electrode is:

[0036] Depositing array-distributed medium particles on a substrate;

[0037] The magnetic control sputtering is used to form a metal layer with a set thickness on the medium particles to form a core-shell structure.

[0038] The substrate is a dielectric layer.

[0039] In another aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a plasmonic device, comprising the following steps: setting a first electrode, wherein the first electrode is a positive electrode material;

[0040] Preparation of a second electrode: a. depositing an array of medium particles on a substrate, and b. coating or plating a metal layer;

[0041] Encapsulating the first electrode, the second electrode and an electrolyte; and connecting the first electrode and the second electrode to a power supply.

[0042] As a preferred solution, the size of the medium particles in the preparation method is 100-2000 nm, and the metal layer is prepared by plating a film on the medium particles through a magnetic control sputtering technology. The substrate is a conductive material.

[0043] The application has the following beneficial effects: the core-shell structure increases the deposition and peeling of metal particles, improves the growth rate of particles, and shortens the color conversion time of a display system.

[0044] The core-shell structure enables the positioning growth of metal particles, prevents the agglomeration of metal particles, and reduces the formation of dendrites.

[0045] The core-shell structure enables the electrochemical cell to withstand a large current, thereby accelerating the deintercalation and deposition process of metal nanoparticles in the electrochemical charging and discharging process, reducing the display conversion time, and the current density is between 0 mA / cm 2 -20 mA / cm 2 ;

[0046] The core-shell structure not only adjusts the surface properties of the inner layer medium particles, changes the surface charge density, surface activity, functional groups, reactivity, biocompatibility, good adjustability, stability and dispersibility, but also endows the inner core medium particles with the super-hydrophobic properties, catalytic activity, electrical properties, biological and medical properties and optical properties of the outer shell through a special gradient structure.

[0047] The color dynamic range of the plasmonic device in the application is in the range of 400-850 nm, covering the visible light region, and the half-peak width of the reflection valley is 40-70 nm, and the color resolution is obvious.

[0048] The plasmonic device in the application can precisely control the size of metal nanoparticle deposition or deintercalation by adjusting the current density and the control time, and then determine the color of the display, and the response time of the color conversion is between 25-100 ms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 Structure diagram of the plasmonic device in the application;

[0050] Figure 2 Structure diagram of the second electrode in the application;

[0051] Figure 3(a) is a spectrum reflectivity map of the plasmonic device in Example 1 with deposition time;

[0052] Figure 3(b) is an electron microscope map of the plasmonic device in Example 1 at different stages;

[0053] Figure 4 Spectrum reflectivity map of the plasmonic device in Example 2;

[0054] Figure 5 Spectrum reflectivity map of the plasmonic device in Example 3;

[0055] Figure 6 Spectrum reflectivity map of the plasmonic device in Example 4;

[0056] Figure 1, substrate, 2, first electrode, 3, electrolyte, 4, conductive substrate, 5, core-shell structure, 501, core, 502, shell, 503, alkali metal particles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The application will be further explained in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the application is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0058] The plasmonic device in the application is used for image display, and realizes the regulation of plasmonic structure by adopting an electrochemical system to realize the regulation of color display, comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and an electrolyte, the first electrode is the positive electrode of an electrochemical cell, the second electrode is the negative electrode, the electrochemical cell can be an alkali metal battery, such as a lithium battery, a sodium battery, and can also be a non-alkali metal battery, such as a magnesium battery, a zinc battery, a silver battery and the like, preferably an alkali metal battery, because the alkali metal transmission characteristic is closer to the ideal free electron gas model, and the interband transition loss is smaller, so that the adoption of alkali metal effectively reduces the optical loss of plasmonic material, at the same time, the alkali metal has high local light field capacity, in terms of energy, the alkali metal such as metal lithium and metal sodium has high mass specific capacity and the lowest electrochemical potential, and is a good energy carrier. The first electrode of the electrochemical cell releases alkali metal ions into the electrolyte when charging, and the alkali metal ions obtain electrons at the second electrode and deposit; when discharging, the alkali metal of the second electrode is stripped, forming alkali metal ions into the electrolyte, and the alkali metal ions are embedded into the first electrode. With the deposition and stripping of the alkali metal at the second electrode, the size of the alkali metal particles changes, the resonance peak position of the plasmon appears to shift, and different colors are presented, realizing dynamic display of multiple colors.

[0059] The device in the application can be assembled into a whole structure, that is, a substrate is provided, the substrate has no conductivity, the substrate comprises a first region and a second region, the two regions are not connected, a first electrode is provided at the first region, and a second electrode is provided at the second region, the first electrode is a positive electrode material, which can be a positive electrode material of a lithium battery, a positive electrode material of a sodium battery or a positive electrode material of a potassium battery, preferably a lithium battery, and specifically can be lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary material (such as lithium nickel cobalt manganate, lithium nickel cobalt aluminate); the specific structure can be a sheet body, the positive electrode material is coated on the first region of the substrate to form a first electrode sheet, and the positive electrode material can also be loaded on a porous network matrix, and then the porous network matrix is fixed on the substrate, which can increase the contact area of the positive electrode material and the electrolyte, realize uniform embedding and de-embedding, and stable electrochemical properties.

[0060] The electrolyte is an alkali metal salt solution, if it is a lithium battery, the electrolyte can be lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), specifically 1M LiTFSI dissolved in a solvent composed of DOL and DME, wherein the volume ratio of DOL and DME is 1:1, and an additive LiNO3 is added to the solution, and the mass fraction is 1%. The organic solution not only provides a transmission channel for the lithium ion battery, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the reaction, but also has stable chemical properties and is not easy to react with the electrode.

[0061] The second electrode is a negative electrode material, preferably a conductive substrate is provided at the second region, and more preferably a conductive metal layer is coated at the second region, and more preferably the conductive metal layer is a combination of one or more of tungsten, nickel, tin, copper, gold, silver, platinum, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and the coating thickness is 5 nm to 900 μm, which can be 5 nm, 10 nm, 20 nm, 100 μm, 500 μm, or 900 μm. Within this thickness range, the conductive metal layer can achieve electron transport, so that the negative electrode material can gain or lose electrons on the substrate, and can also prevent surface roughness caused by the conductive metal layer being too thick, thereby triggering lithium dendrites. The conductive substrate of the second electrode is provided with a plurality of nucleation sites, which are the positions of alkali metal particle deposition. After the alkali metal ions gain electrons, they are deposited at the nucleation sites. The nucleation sites exist in an array or non-array form on the conductive substrate. In order to show uniformity, an array distribution is preferred. The nucleation sites can include one, two or more arrays. The distribution periods of different arrays are different. Different arrays can be used to control color resolution or color gamut. The nucleation sites are realized by a core-shell structure, specifically, a medium particle is used as the core, and a metal layer is coated outside the medium particle to form a shell. The metal layer is preferably a noble metal layer with stable chemical properties, and the material can be Au, Ag, Cu, etc. The nucleation sites are formed by the core-shell structure, so that the alkali metal ions are deposited on the core-shell structure. The color reaction is controlled by the distribution and size of the core-shell structure. Since the nucleation sites have an initial size, the alkali metal ions are deposited based on the initial size, which can achieve rapid deposition and change, realize dynamic control of wide-band color, and has a wide color gamut. Under the action of a large current, the electrochemical performance remains stable, uniform deposition and particle growth are achieved, dendrites are prevented, and the service life of the device is extended.

[0062] The core-shell structure is formed by depositing dielectric particles on the conductive substrate, which can be one of magnesium fluoride, silicon dioxide or silicon nitride. The dielectric particles are nanoscale particles, which can be spherical, columnar or irregular in shape, preferably spherical. The size of the spherical nanoparticles is 100-2000 nm. The shape and size of each dielectric particle can be the same or different, and can be 100 nm, 200 nm, 300 nm, 1000 nm or 2000 nm. The size of the dielectric particles is set in combination with the color conversion time of the display system, the required bearing current, and the color development range. The size of the dielectric particles between different arrays can be the same or different. Different sizes can display different colors in different areas to achieve multi-color display. To ensure the resolution in display technology, that is, the distance between two displayed pixels, that is, the distance between the dielectric particles is controlled to be 10-2000 nm. Preferably, a noble metal layer is deposited on the dielectric particles by magnetron sputtering technology. Specifically, a magnetron sputtering coating instrument is used, the power is set to 50 W, the gas flow meter is set to 4, and the coating time is controlled to be 5-20 min. Finally, a metal film of 10-100 nm is obtained. After magnetron sputtering is completed, not only a noble metal layer is formed on the dielectric particles, but also a noble metal layer is formed on the exposed area of the conductive substrate. The thickness of the noble metal layer is preferably 10-100 nm. A metal layer with a thickness lower than this will not be able to wrap the entire dielectric particle to form a core-shell structure. A higher thickness will significantly reduce the distance between the nanoparticle spheres, thereby sharply reducing the regulating effect of the distance between the array micro-nano structures. At the same time, the thickness of the coating has an impact on the regulation of the plasmonic resonance wavelength. The shell layer of the core-shell structure not only adjusts the surface properties of the nanoparticles, such as surface charge density, surface activity, functional groups, reactivity, biocompatibility, good adjustability, stability and dispersibility, but also imparts the nanoparticles with super-hydrophobic properties, catalytic activity, electrical properties, biological and medical properties, and optical properties of the shell material through a special gradient structure. The combination of the inner core and the shell realizes the coordination of chemical properties, physical properties and electrical properties. The local electromagnetic field around the metal nanostructure can cause enhancement of the Raman signal, which is called surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The new generation of Raman technology, the nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy technology of the core-shell structure of the present application, overcomes the material limitations and the generality of SERS morphology. The core-shell structure can uniformly distribute the electric field strength under a large current and the ion distribution in the electrolyte, effectively suppresses the dendrite growth caused by uneven electric field or ion distribution, provides more surface active sites, enhances the surface oxidation-reduction reaction and optimizes the charge transfer ability, makes the electric field of each point on the substrate more uniform, helps ion diffusion, prevents direct growth of dendrites and destroys battery performance.

[0063] The plasmonic device in the application as a display system, the time of spectrum regulation is shortened, the color response is fast, the surface plasmon characteristics of alkali metal particles in the electrochemical reaction process are used to realize spectrum regulation, the characteristics are closely related to the morphology and size of the deposited nanoparticles, the core-shell structure can make the alkali metal particles be deposited on the core-shell structure directly, and the time of particle deposition to a certain size is shortened.

[0064] The extinction spectrum corresponding to different sizes of color tone is used in the plasmonic device in the application as a display system, so the color domain of reflection is obtained, therefore, the range of spectrum and the half-peak width are also important standards for measuring the advantages and disadvantages of display technology, the smaller the half-peak width is, the purer the color of emitted light is, the color dynamic adjustable range of the display system in the application is in the range of 400-850 nm, most of the visible light region is covered, and the half-peak width of the reflection valley is in the range of 40-70 nm, the color resolution is obvious.

[0065] The electrochemical regulation technology in the application can tolerate large current, thereby accelerating the deintercalation and deposition process of metal nanoparticles in the electrochemical charging and discharging process, reducing the display conversion time, and the current density is between 0 mA / cm 2 -20 mA / cm 2 .

[0066] The electrochemical regulation technology can accurately regulate the size of metal nanoparticles deposition or deintercalation by adjusting the current density and regulation time, and then determine the color of display, and the response time of color conversion is between 25-100 ms.

[0067] The following is further described in the form of specific embodiments.

[0068] Embodiment 1

[0069] As Figure 1 , a plasmonic device, lithium battery is used to realize plasmonic effect, and then realize optical regulation, the device comprises a substrate 1, a first electrode 2, an electrolyte and a second electrode, the substrate 1 is SiO2 glass, the first electrode 2 is arranged in the first area of the substrate, the second electrode is arranged in the second area of the substrate 1, the first electrode 2 and the second electrode are arranged on the same side of the substrate, after the first electrode 2 and the second electrode are arranged, the electrodes are packaged, and an injection port is reserved for injecting electrolyte. When charging, the first electrode 2 and the second electrode are connected to an external power supply through wires.

[0070] The first electrode 2 in the embodiment is LiFePO4, the electrolyte is LiTFSI, specifically, 1M LiTFSI is dissolved in a solvent composed of DOL and DME, the volume ratio of DOL and DME is 1:1, an additive LiNO3 is added dropwise to the solution, and the mass fraction is 1%. The structure of the second electrode is as Figure 2As shown, including conductive substrate 4, core-shell structure 5, conductive substrate 4 is tungsten, the thickness is 100nm-1um, the tungsten layer of this thickness on the one hand guarantees the conductivity of the conductive substrate 4, on the other hand can totally reflect light, avoid light transmission. On the conductive substrate 4 deposited array of spherical nanoparticles as the core of the core-shell structure 501, the diameter of the spherical nanoparticles is 120nm, the spacing between the spherical nanoparticle array is 50nm, the material of the spherical nanoparticles is silicon dioxide, a layer of Cu film is plated on the spherical nanoparticle array as the shell of the core-shell structure 502 by controlled sputtering, the thickness of the Cu film is 30nm, the alkali metal particles 503 are deposited on the core-shell structure.

[0071] When charging, the reaction occurring in the electrochemical cell is

[0072] First electrode: LiFePO4→Li 1-x FePO4+xLi + +xe -

[0073] Second electrode: xLi + +xe - →xLi

[0074] When discharging, the reaction occurring in the electrochemical cell is:

[0075] First electrode: Li 1-x FePO4+xLi + +xe - →LiFePO4

[0076] Second electrode: xLi-xe - →xLi +

[0077] The light is directly vertically irradiated to the negative electrode of the battery, the external circuit is controlled by using an electrochemical workstation, after applying a constant current, the assembled flat plate lithium battery will undergo charging and discharging process, the current density is set to 4mA / cm 2The reflected signal was simultaneously measured using Morph software. The reflected signal was received by a fiber optic spectrometer in the visible light band (400-800 nm). A selected area was observed under a 50× microscope magnification. A pure W substrate under the same conditions was used as a reference sample for the reflected signal. The test results are shown in Figure 3. Figure 3(a) shows that as time changes, lithium ion deintercalation and deposition occur inside the lithium battery. Lithium ions begin to deposit on the SiO2 core. Due to the different sizes of the deposits, different reflection spectra are displayed, thus showing different colors. It can be seen that when time is 0, there is almost no deposition and no obvious reflection valley. Then, as the reaction proceeds rapidly, the resonance wavelength begins to drift from around 560nm to around 710nm, realizing dynamic regulation of color. Figure 3(b) shows the electron microscope images of lithium ions deposited on the SiO2 balls. From top to bottom, they are the electron microscope images of the initial state, the intermediate state (deposition time 1.52s), and the final state (deposition time 1.75s). It can be seen that as time changes during the charging process, the deposition of lithium particles into lithium metal nanoparticles gradually increases.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] A plasmonic device uses a lithium battery to achieve the plasmon effect, thereby enabling optical control. The device includes a substrate, a first electrode, an electrolyte, and a second electrode. The substrate is SiO2 glass. The first electrode is disposed in a first region of the substrate, and the second electrode is disposed in a second region of the substrate. The first and second electrodes are placed on the same side of the substrate. After the first and second electrodes are disposed, the electrodes are packaged, and a liquid injection port is reserved for injecting electrolyte. During charging, the first and second electrodes are connected to an external power source via wires.

[0080] In this embodiment, the first electrode is LiFePO4, and the electrolyte is LiTFSI, specifically 1M LiTFSI dissolved in a solvent consisting of DOL and DME, wherein the volume ratio of DOL and DME is 1:1, and an additive LiNO3 is added dropwise to the solution with a mass fraction of 1%. The second electrode structure is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the core-shell structure 5 includes a conductive substrate 4 and a core-shell structure. The conductive substrate 4 is made of tungsten metal with a thickness of 100nm-1um. This tungsten layer ensures the conductivity of the conductive substrate and fully reflects light, preventing light transmission. An array of spherical nanoparticles is deposited on the conductive substrate as the core 501 of the core-shell structure. The spherical nanoparticles have a diameter of 100nm and a spacing of 50nm between the nanoparticles. The spherical nanoparticles are made of silicon dioxide. A layer of Cu film is deposited on the spherical nanoparticle array via sputtering to form the shell 502 of the core-shell structure. The Cu film has a thickness of 100nm.

[0081] When charging, the reaction that occurs in the electrochemical cell is

[0082] First electrode: LiFeP04→ Li 1-x FeP04+xLi + +xe -

[0083] Second electrode: xLi + +xe - →xLi

[0084] During discharging, the electrode reaction is:

[0085] First electrode: Li 1-x FeP04+xLi + +xe - → LiFeP04

[0086] Second electrode: xLi-xe - →xLi +

[0087] The light is directly vertically irradiated to the negative electrode of the battery, and the charging and discharging process of the assembled flat plate lithium battery is carried out after a constant current is applied, and the current density is set to 4 mA / cm 2 At the same time, the reflection signal is measured by using the Morph software. The reflection signal is received by the fiber spectrometer, the test wavelength band is the visible light (400-800 nm) band, the selected area is observed by using the 50x magnification microscope, and the pure W substrate under the same environment is selected as the reference sample of the reflection signal. The test result is as Figure 4 shown. Figure 4 The radius of the SiO2 ball is 100 nm, the spacing between the SiO2 balls in the array is 50 nm, the thickness of the deposited Cu film is 100 nm, and the radius of the deposited lithium nanoparticle is 120 nm. Through simulation analysis, it can be obtained that the spectrum has a resonance peak near 550 nm at this time, and the color display is blue through RGB color matching.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] The difference from example 2 is that the spacing between the spherical nanometer spherical particles (SiO2 balls) in the core-shell structure is 80 nm. Through simulation analysis, it can be obtained that when the radius of the deposited lithium nanoparticle is 120 nm, the spectrum is as shown in Figure 5 , and the spectrum has a resonance peak near 630 nm, and the color display is green through RGB color matching.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] The difference from example 2 is that the spacing between the spherical nanometer spherical particles (SiO2 balls) in the core-shell structure is 50 nm. Through simulation analysis, it can be obtained that when the radius of the deposited lithium nanoparticle is 30 nm, the spectrum is as shown inFigure 6 It can be seen that in the spectral range of 400-800 nm, a resonance peak appears at 500 nm, and the corresponding reflected spectrum at this time shows purple by ColorTell color tool.

[0092] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments only illustrate one or more embodiments of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plasmon device, characterized in that: The device comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and an electrolyte, wherein the first electrode, the second electrode and the electrolyte form an electrochemical cell, and a plurality of dispersed nucleation sites are provided on the second electrode, wherein the nucleation sites are a core-shell structure; The core-shell structure includes dielectric particles and a metal layer coated on the dielectric particles; the metal layer fully or partially wraps the dielectric particles; During charging, metal ions in the electrolyte are deposited and grown on the core-shell structure to form a plasmon structure; The color dynamic range of the plasmon device is 400-850nm.

2. The plasmon device according to claim 1, wherein: The second electrode includes a conductive substrate, and the core-shell structure is distributed on the conductive substrate.

3. The plasmon device according to claim 1, wherein: The nucleation site satisfies one or a combination of the following: — array distribution on the second electrode; - The spacing between the nucleation sites is 10 to 2000 nm; - The sizes of the core-shell structures at the nucleation sites are the same or different.

4. The plasmon device according to claim 2, wherein: The media particles satisfy one or more of the following combinations: - The medium particles are magnesium fluoride, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride or polystyrene, and the medium particles are nano-scale particles; —The medium particles are spherical particles with a diameter of 100 to 2000 nm.

5. The plasmon device according to claim 2, wherein: The metal layer satisfies one or both of the following conditions: - the metal layer material is selected from one or more of Au, Ag, and Cu; - The thickness of the metal layer is 10 to 100 nm.

6. The plasmon device according to claim 1, wherein: The method comprises a substrate, wherein the substrate comprises a first region and a second region, the first region is provided with the first electrode, the second region is provided with the second electrode, and the substrate is non-conductive; The electrochemical cell is an alkali metal cell, and during charging, the alkali metal ions are deposited and grow at the nucleation sites to form metal particles; During discharge, the metal particles peel off and reduce in size.

7. The plasmon device according to claim 1, wherein: The first electrode is LiFePO4, and the electrolyte is a lithium-containing solution; The electrode reactions during the charging process of an electrochemical cell are: First electrode: LiFePO4→Li 1-x FePO4+xLi + +xe - Second electrode: xLi + +xe - →xLi; As the charging time increases, the alkali metal particles at the nucleation sites of the second electrode gradually grow larger, achieving color change based on the plasmon effect; The electrode reaction during the discharge process is: First electrode: Li 1-x FePO4+xLi + +xe - →LiFePO4 Second electrode: xLi-xe - →xLi + As the discharge time increases, the alkali metal particles at the nucleation site of the second electrode gradually decrease in size, achieving color change based on the plasmon effect.

8. The plasmon device according to claim 1, wherein: The preparation method of the second electrode is: providing a conductive base layer on the substrate; Depositing dielectric particles distributed in an array on the conductive substrate; A metal layer of a set thickness is magnetron sputtered to form a core-shell structure with the dielectric particles.

9. A method for preparing a plasmon device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Setting a first electrode: the first electrode is a positive electrode material; Prepare the second electrode: a) depositing dielectric particles distributed in an array on a substrate, b) coating or plating a metal layer; The first electrode, the second electrode and the electrolyte are encapsulated.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The size of the medium particles is 100 to 2000 nm; The metal layer is formed by coating the dielectric particles with a magnetron sputtering technique; The substrate is a conductive material.

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