Antenna assembly decoupling structure

Abstract

This invention discloses an antenna assembly decoupling structure, comprising: an antenna assembly and a slot structure; the antenna assembly includes a first antenna and a second antenna; wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are coupled to form a coupling corresponding to a first microstrip mode; the slot structure includes a first slot introduced in the first antenna and a second slot introduced in the second antenna, used to generate a first slot mode, thereby decoupling the antenna assembly through the cancellation between the coupling corresponding to the first slot mode and the coupling corresponding to the first microstrip mode; wherein the coupling corresponding to the first slot mode refers to the mutual coupling between the first slot and the second slot, and the electric field of the first slot mode in the far field is orthogonal to the electric field of the first microstrip mode in the far field. This invention reduces the coupling between the antennas in the antenna assembly without requiring connection to other structures, preventing structural parameters such as the profile height and footprint of the antenna assembly from limiting application scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a decoupling structure for an antenna assembly. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology, the number of mobile communication users and terminal devices has exploded, giving rise to a large number of applications with higher transmission rate requirements, such as cloud computing, edge computing, the Internet of Things, and autonomous driving. These demands urgently require 5G mobile communication to provide faster transmission rates. As communication theory has evolved, the channel capacity of traditional single-channel communication is gradually approaching the limit of Shannon's theorem. To further improve data transmission rates, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology has been widely developed and applied. To meet the ever-increasing demand for transmission rates, the number of antenna elements in MIMO systems is increasing, and the spacing between elements is decreasing, making the mutual coupling problem between MIMO antennas more prominent. One characteristic of MIMO antennas is that multiple antennas operate in the same frequency band. Due to the limited space between antennas, two MIMO antennas will inevitably induce each other, resulting in strong electromagnetic mutual coupling. Mutual coupling has several negative impacts on the performance of MIMO antennas: First, it reduces antenna efficiency because some of the coupled energy entering the other antenna port is consumed by the port's load. Second, mutual coupling alters the antenna impedance, affecting amplifier linearity and, for array scanning antennas, the dynamic standing wave ratio (VSWR). Third, some energy is scattered into free space by the other antenna, affecting the antenna's radiation pattern and spatial correlation. Ultimately, these effects reduce the overall throughput and data transmission rate of the communication system.

[0003] Currently, there are five main known decoupling techniques: 1) Adding a band-stop structure between antennas, such as using a metamaterial structure to create a band-stop notch structure between two antennas, blocking the propagation of coupled electromagnetic waves between the antennas, thereby reducing coupling; 2) Introducing a decoupling network behind the antenna port, transforming the antenna design problem into a circuit design problem; 3) Loading parasitic elements near the antennas, which are usually resonant structures that induce a new coupling path between the two antennas, achieving coupling cancellation; 4) Introducing a neutralization line between two coupled antennas to reduce coupling; 5) Achieving self-decoupling by adjusting the antenna's own position and structure. Although these methods help improve the isolation between two antennas, introducing additional decoupling structures increases the overall system profile height, footprint, or manufacturing difficulty. Furthermore, decoupling methods based on the self-decoupling principle are either only applicable to scenarios arranged along the E-plane or cannot meet the requirements of low-profile applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an antenna assembly decoupling structure that achieves decoupling between antennas without additional connection to other components or structures, thus avoiding limitations imposed on application scenarios by structural parameters such as the cross-sectional height and footprint of the antenna assembly.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna assembly decoupling structure, comprising: an antenna assembly and a slot structure;

[0006] The antenna assembly includes a first antenna and a second antenna; wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are coupled to each other to form a coupling corresponding to a first microstrip mode;

[0007] The slot structure includes a first slot introduced in the first antenna and a second slot introduced in the second antenna, used to generate a first slot mode to decouple the antenna assembly by canceling out the coupling corresponding to the first slot mode and the coupling corresponding to the first microstrip mode; wherein, the coupling corresponding to the first slot mode means that the first slot and the second slot are coupled to each other, and the electric field of the first slot mode in the far field is orthogonal to the electric field of the first microstrip mode in the far field.

[0008] By implementing embodiments of the present invention, a first slot mode is generated by introducing a first slot in the first antenna and a second slot in the second antenna. The electric field of the first slot mode in the far field is orthogonal to the electric field of the first microstrip mode in the far field. This coupling, through the coupling corresponding to the first slot mode, cancels the coupling between the first antenna and the second antenna, thereby achieving decoupling between antennas in the antenna assembly without requiring any additional connecting components or structures. Furthermore, by creating a slot in each of the first and second antennas for decoupling, the cross-sectional height, footprint, and manufacturing difficulty of the first and second antennas in the antenna assembly do not increase due to decoupling, thus expanding the application scenarios of the antenna assembly.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the arrangement of the first antenna and the second antenna includes arranging them along the E-plane and arranging them along the H-plane;

[0010] Wherein, the E-plane arrangement refers to the first antenna and the second antenna being arranged along the plane where the electric field is located, and the H-plane arrangement refers to the first antenna and the second antenna being arranged along the plane where the magnetic field is located.

[0011] In implementing the preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is no limitation on the antenna arrangement in the antenna assembly. The antenna assembly can be applied not only to scenarios where it is arranged along the plane where the electric field is located, but also to scenarios where it is arranged along the plane where the magnetic field is located.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the first antenna and the second antenna operate in the same frequency band.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first antenna and the second antenna in the antenna assembly can operate in the same frequency band, and the mutual coupling between the first antenna and the second antenna can be resolved without affecting the matching performance of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0014] As a preferred option, both the first antenna and the second antenna are microstrip antennas.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a microstrip antenna is used, which can reduce the overall weight of the device. Furthermore, the microstrip antenna has a low profile and can conform to the carrier to meet the application requirements of low profile decoupling.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the antenna assembly decoupling structure further includes a coupling capacitor structure;

[0017] The antenna assembly further includes a third antenna and a fourth antenna; wherein the first antenna is coupled to the second antenna, the third antenna and the fourth antenna respectively, the second antenna is coupled to the third antenna and the fourth antenna respectively, and the third antenna is coupled to the fourth antenna to form a coupling corresponding to the second microstrip mode;

[0018] The slot structure further includes a third slot introduced in the third antenna and a fourth slot introduced in the fourth antenna, used to generate a second slot mode, so as to control the coupling corresponding to the second microstrip mode through the coupling corresponding to the second slot mode and the coupling capacitor structure, thereby achieving decoupling of the antenna components; wherein, the coupling corresponding to the second slot mode means that the first slot is coupled to the second slot, the third slot and the fourth slot respectively, the second slot is coupled to the third slot and the fourth slot respectively, and the third slot is coupled to the fourth slot;

[0019] The coupling capacitor structure includes a first capacitor structure, a second capacitor structure, a third capacitor structure, and a fourth capacitor structure; wherein the first capacitor structure is disposed at the end of the first gap, the second capacitor structure is disposed at the end of the second gap, the third capacitor structure is disposed at the end of the third gap, and the fourth capacitor structure is disposed at the end of the fourth gap.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a radiating slot is introduced in each antenna of the antenna assembly, and an additional capacitor structure is introduced at the end of the slot to isolate the coupled antennas in the antenna assembly at the desired frequency, thereby resolving the mutual coupling between the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna and the fourth antenna in the antenna assembly.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna are arranged in a 2×2 two-dimensional array.

[0022] A preferred embodiment of the present invention arranges the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna into a 2×2 two-dimensional array, which can be applied to 2×2 antenna array scenarios.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna operate in the same frequency band.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna in the antenna assembly can operate in the same frequency band, thereby resolving the mutual coupling of the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna without affecting their matching performance.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment, the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna are all microstrip antennas.

[0026] A preferred embodiment of the present invention employs a microstrip antenna that is small in size, lightweight, and has a low profile. The antenna assembly formed by this method can solve the problem of antenna mutual coupling while meeting the application requirements of low profile decoupling. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an antenna assembly decoupling structure having a first antenna and a second antenna arranged along the E-plane, according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 : A top view of an antenna assembly decoupling structure having a first antenna and a second antenna arranged along the E-plane, provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of simulation measurement results for an antenna assembly with a decoupling structure of a first antenna and a second antenna arranged along the E-plane, provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an antenna assembly decoupling structure having a first antenna and a second antenna arranged along the H-plane, according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a top view of an antenna assembly decoupling structure having a first antenna and a second antenna arranged along the H-plane, according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of simulation measurement results for an antenna assembly with a decoupling structure of a first antenna and a second antenna arranged along the H-plane, provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an antenna assembly decoupling structure with a 2×2 two-dimensional array antenna provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 : A top view of an antenna assembly decoupling structure with a 2×2 two-dimensional array antenna provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation measurement results of an antenna assembly decoupling structure with a 2×2 two-dimensional array antenna provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The following is a three-dimensional schematic diagram and a top view of an antenna assembly decoupling structure having a first antenna and a second antenna arranged along the E-plane, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The structure includes an antenna assembly and a slot structure, as detailed below:

[0039] Antenna assembly, including a first antenna 110 and a second antenna 120.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120 are arranged along the E-plane.

[0041] Here, E-plane arrangement refers to the arrangement of the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120 along the plane where the electric field is located.

[0042] It should be noted that, please refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides an antenna assembly decoupling structure having a first antenna and a second antenna arranged along the E-plane, further comprising a dielectric substrate 130 and a metal ground plane 140. In the current antenna assembly decoupling structure, the antenna assembly, dielectric substrate 130, and metal ground plane 140 are stacked sequentially from top to bottom.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, both the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120 are microstrip antennas. Each microstrip antenna is a metal patch antenna.

[0044] It should be noted that the first antenna 110 has a feed point 111, and the second antenna 120 has a feed point 121.

[0045] The first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120 are coupled to form a coupling corresponding to the first microstrip mode.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120 are symmetrical about the center line of the dielectric substrate 130 or the metal ground plane 140 along the gy direction.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120 can operate in the same frequency band. In this case, the antenna assembly decoupling structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is adopted. By introducing a radiating gap in each microstrip antenna, the mutual coupling phenomenon of the two mutually coupled microstrip antennas in the desired frequency band can be reduced without affecting the matching performance of the two mutually coupled microstrip antennas in the antenna assembly. As an example, the same frequency band can be the N79 band (4.8GHz–5GHz).

[0048] The slot structure includes a first slot 112 introduced in the first antenna 110 and a second slot 122 introduced in the second antenna 120, which are used to generate a first slot mode and form a dual-radiation mode with the first microstrip mode. This is to achieve decoupling of the antenna components by canceling out the coupling between the coupling corresponding to the first slot mode and the coupling corresponding to the first microstrip mode, thereby reducing the mutual coupling between the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120.

[0049] The coupling corresponding to the first slot mode refers to the mutual coupling between the first slot and the second slot, and the electric field of the first slot mode in the far field is orthogonal to the electric field of the first microstrip mode in the far field.

[0050] In this embodiment, both the first slot 112 and the second slot 122 are radiating slots. In practical applications, the position, size, and shape of the first slot 112 and the second slot 122 can be adjusted to achieve good isolation between the coupled antennas at the desired frequency.

[0051] Additionally, please refer to Figure 3 (a) shows the S-parameters obtained from simulations before (Coupled) the introduction of the first slot mode decoupling in two microstrip antennas arranged along the E-plane, and the S-parameters obtained from simulations after (Decoupled) the introduction of the first slot mode decoupling in two microstrip antennas arranged along the E-plane; please refer to Figure 3 (b) shows the simulated S-parameters obtained after introducing the first slot mode for decoupling in two microstrip antennas arranged along the E-plane, and the measured S-parameters obtained after introducing the first slot mode for decoupling in two microstrip antennas arranged along the E-plane. This scheme studies the problem of multiple antenna elements, considering how to reduce the mutual coupling between multiple antennas. Introducing the slot mode to achieve decoupling reduces the coupling between individual antennas within the desired frequency band, while maintaining large radiation (i.e., a small reflection coefficient S11) and simultaneously reducing S21 within the frequency band, i.e., the coupling between multiple ports.

[0052] Observation shows that, Figure 3 (b) shows a high degree of agreement between the measured and simulated curves, indicating that the measurement and simulation results are relatively consistent. When using an SMA interface for feeding each microstrip antenna, a reference... Figure 1 and Figure 2 Before decoupling the antenna assembly decoupling structure, the in-band coupling of the N78 was approximately in the range of -13dB to -18dB, while using the reference... Figure 1 and Figure 2 After decoupling the antenna assembly decoupling structure, its coupling was reduced to the range of -20dB to -35dB, achieving a better decoupling effect. Furthermore, the matching S11 was also improved compared to before decoupling.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0054] This invention provides a decoupling structure for an antenna assembly. The first and second antennas in the assembly are arranged along the plane of the electric field, satisfying the application requirements of antenna arrangements along the E-plane. By introducing a first slot in the first antenna and a second slot in the second antenna, a first slot mode is generated. The electric field of the first slot mode in the far field is orthogonal to the electric field of the first microstrip mode in the far field. This coupling through the first slot mode cancels the coupling between the first and second antennas, thus achieving decoupling between the antennas in the antenna assembly without adding any additional connecting components or structures. Furthermore, by creating a slot on each of the first and second antennas for decoupling, the cross-sectional height, footprint, and manufacturing difficulty of the first and second antennas in the antenna assembly do not increase due to decoupling, thereby expanding the application scenarios of the antenna assembly.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The following is a three-dimensional schematic diagram and a top view of an antenna assembly decoupling structure having a first antenna and a second antenna arranged along the H-plane, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The structure includes an antenna assembly and a slot structure, as detailed below:

[0057] The antenna assembly includes a first antenna 210 and a second antenna 220.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, the first antenna 210 and the second antenna 220 are arranged along the H-plane.

[0059] H-plane arrangement refers to the arrangement of the first antenna 210 and the second antenna 220 along the plane of the magnetic field.

[0060] It should be noted that, please refer to Figure 4 The present invention provides an antenna assembly decoupling structure having a first antenna and a second antenna arranged along the H-plane, further comprising a dielectric substrate 230 and a metal ground plane 240. In the current antenna assembly decoupling structure, the antenna assembly, dielectric substrate 230, and metal ground plane 240 are stacked sequentially from top to bottom.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, both the first antenna 210 and the second antenna 220 are microstrip antennas. Each microstrip antenna is a metal patch antenna.

[0062] It should be noted that the first antenna 210 has a feed point 211, and the second antenna 220 has a feed point 221.

[0063] The first antenna 210 and the second antenna 220 are coupled to form a coupling corresponding to the first microstrip mode.

[0064] In this embodiment, the first antenna 210 and the second antenna 220 are symmetrical about the center line of the dielectric substrate 230 or the metal ground plane 240 along the gx direction.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment, the first antenna 210 and the second antenna 220 can operate in the same frequency band. In this case, the antenna assembly decoupling structure provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention is adopted. By introducing a radiating gap in each microstrip antenna, the mutual coupling phenomenon of the two mutually coupled microstrip antennas in the desired frequency band can be reduced without affecting the matching performance of the two mutually coupled microstrip antennas in the antenna assembly. As an example, the same frequency band can be the N79 band (4.8GHz–5GHz).

[0066] The slot structure includes a first slot 212 introduced in the first antenna 210 and a second slot 222 introduced in the second antenna 220, which are used to generate a first slot mode and form a dual-radiation mode with the first microstrip mode. This is to achieve decoupling of the antenna components by canceling out the coupling corresponding to the first slot mode and the coupling corresponding to the first microstrip mode, thereby reducing the mutual coupling between the first antenna 210 and the second antenna 220.

[0067] The coupling corresponding to the first slot mode refers to the mutual coupling between the first slot and the second slot, and the electric field of the first slot mode in the far field is orthogonal to the electric field of the first microstrip mode in the far field.

[0068] In this embodiment, both the first slot 212 and the second slot 222 are radiating slots. In practical applications, the position, size, and shape of the first slot 212 and the second slot 222 can be adjusted to achieve good isolation between the coupled antennas at the desired frequency.

[0069] Additionally, please refer to Figure 6 (a) shows the S-parameters obtained from simulations before (Coupled) the introduction of the first slot mode decoupling in two microstrip antennas arranged along the H-plane, and the S-parameters obtained from simulations after (Decoupled) the introduction of the first slot mode decoupling in two microstrip antennas arranged along the H-plane; please refer to Figure 6(b) shows the simulated S-parameters obtained after introducing the first slot mode for decoupling in two microstrip antennas arranged along the H-plane, and the measured S-parameters obtained after introducing the first slot mode for decoupling in two microstrip antennas arranged along the H-plane. This scheme studies the problem of multiple antenna elements, considering how to reduce the mutual coupling between multiple antennas. Introducing the slot mode to achieve decoupling reduces the coupling between individual antennas within the desired frequency band, while maintaining large radiation (i.e., a small reflection coefficient S11) and simultaneously reducing S21 within the frequency band, i.e., the coupling between multiple ports.

[0070] Observation shows that, Figure 6 (b) The fit between the measured curve and the simulated curve Figure 3 (b) is even higher, indicating a further improvement in the consistency between the measurement and simulation results. Furthermore, with SMA interface feeding on each microstrip antenna, a reference... Figure 4 and Figure 5 Before decoupling the antenna assembly decoupling structure, the in-band coupling of the N78 was approximately on the order of -7dB, while using the reference... Figure 4 and Figure 5 After decoupling the antenna assembly decoupling structure, the entire passband of N79 is below -18dB, achieving a better decoupling effect. At the same time, the in-band matching S11 of N78 is better than -8dB.

[0071] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0072] This invention provides a decoupling structure for an antenna assembly. The first and second antennas in the assembly are arranged along the plane of the magnetic field, satisfying the application requirements of antenna arrangements along the H-plane. By introducing a first slot in the first antenna and a second slot in the second antenna, a first slot mode is generated. The electric field of this first slot mode in the far field is orthogonal to the electric field of the first microstrip mode in the far field. This coupling through the first slot mode cancels the coupling between the first and second antennas, thus achieving decoupling between the antennas in the antenna assembly without requiring any additional connecting components or structures. Furthermore, by creating a slot on each of the first and second antennas for decoupling, the cross-sectional height, footprint, and manufacturing difficulty of the first and second antennas in the antenna assembly do not increase due to decoupling, thereby expanding the application scenarios of the antenna assembly.

[0073] Example 3:

[0074] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8The following is a three-dimensional schematic diagram and top view of an antenna assembly decoupling structure with a 2×2 two-dimensional array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The structure includes an antenna assembly, a slot structure, and a coupling capacitor structure, as detailed below:

[0075] The antenna assembly includes a first antenna 310, a second antenna 320, a third antenna 330, and a fourth antenna 340.

[0076] As a preferred embodiment, the first antenna 310, the second antenna 320, the third antenna 330 and the fourth antenna 340 are arranged in a 2×2 two-dimensional array.

[0077] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first antenna 310 and the second antenna 320 are arranged along the H-plane, the first antenna 310 and the third antenna 330 are arranged along the E-plane, the fourth antenna 340 and the second antenna 320 are arranged along the E-plane, and the fourth antenna 340 and the third antenna 330 are arranged along the H-plane.

[0078] H-plane arrangement refers to the first antenna 310 and the second antenna 320 being arranged along the plane containing the magnetic field, while E-plane arrangement refers to the first antenna 310 and the second antenna 320 being arranged along the plane containing the electric field.

[0079] It should be noted that, please refer to Figure 7 The present invention provides an antenna assembly decoupling structure with a 2×2 two-dimensional array antenna, which further includes a dielectric substrate 350 and a metal ground plane 360. In the current antenna assembly decoupling structure, the antenna assembly, dielectric substrate 350, and metal ground plane 360 ​​are stacked sequentially from top to bottom.

[0080] As a preferred option, the first antenna 310, the second antenna 320, the third antenna 330, and the fourth antenna 340 are all microstrip antennas. Each microstrip antenna is a metal patch antenna.

[0081] The first antenna 310 is coupled to the second antenna 320, the third antenna 330 and the fourth antenna 340 respectively. The second antenna 320 is coupled to the third antenna 330 and the fourth antenna 340 respectively. The third antenna 330 is coupled to the fourth antenna 340 to form the coupling corresponding to the second microstrip mode.

[0082] In this embodiment, the first antenna 310 and the second antenna 320 are symmetrical about the center line of the dielectric substrate 350 or the metal ground plane 360 ​​along the gx direction; the first antenna 310 and the third antenna 330 are symmetrical about the center line of the dielectric substrate 350 or the metal ground plane 360 ​​along the gy direction; the fourth antenna 340 and the second antenna 320 are symmetrical about the center line of the dielectric substrate 350 or the metal ground plane 360 ​​along the gy direction; and the fourth antenna 340 and the third antenna 330 are symmetrical about the center line of the dielectric substrate 350 or the metal ground plane 360 ​​along the gx direction.

[0083] As a preferred embodiment, the first antenna 310, the second antenna 320, the third antenna 330, and the fourth antenna 340 can operate in the same frequency band. In this case, the antenna assembly decoupling structure provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention is adopted. By introducing a radiating gap in each microstrip antenna, the mutual coupling phenomenon of the antenna assembly in the desired frequency band can be reduced without affecting the matching performance of the four mutually coupled microstrip antennas in the antenna assembly. As an example, the same frequency band can be the N79 band (4.8GHz–5GHz).

[0084] The slot structure, including a first slot 312 introduced in the first antenna 310, a second slot 322 introduced in the second antenna 320, a third slot 332 introduced in the third antenna 330, and a fourth slot 342 introduced in the fourth antenna 340, is used to generate a second slot mode, which forms a dual-radiation mode with the second microstrip mode. By adjusting the coupling capacitor structure and the slot structure, the three types of coupling—E-plane, H-plane, and diagonal—are jointly controlled, that is, the coupling corresponding to the second microstrip mode is controlled, so that any two microstrip antennas in the 2×2 two-dimensional array can be decoupled, thereby achieving decoupling of the antenna components.

[0085] The coupling corresponding to the second gap mode refers to the pairwise coupling between the first gap 312, the second gap 322, the third gap 332 and the fourth gap 342, that is, the first gap 312 is coupled to the second gap 322, the third gap 332 and the fourth gap 342 respectively, the second gap 322 is coupled to the third gap 332 and the fourth gap 342 respectively, and the third gap 332 is coupled to the fourth gap 342.

[0086] In this embodiment, the first slit 312, the second slit 322, the third slit 332 and the fourth slit 342 are all radial slits.

[0087] The coupling capacitor structure includes a first capacitor structure 313, a second capacitor structure 323, a third capacitor structure 333, and a fourth capacitor structure 343.

[0088] It should be noted that the ends of each slot will extend out of the original microstrip antenna area, forming a capacitor structure in the H-plane.

[0089] The first capacitor structure 313 is disposed at the end of the first gap 312, the second capacitor structure 323 is disposed at the end of the second gap 322, the third capacitor structure 333 is disposed at the end of the third gap 332, and the fourth capacitor structure 343 is disposed at the end of the fourth gap 342.

[0090] In practical applications, the position, size, and shape of each slot in the slot structure and each capacitor in the coupling capacitor structure can be adjusted to achieve good isolation between the coupled antennas at the desired frequency.

[0091] Additionally, please refer to Figure 9 (a) The S-parameters obtained from simulation before introducing the second slot mode decoupling for four microstrip antennas arranged in a 2×2 two-dimensional array (Coupled), and the S-parameters obtained from simulation using... Figure 7 and Figure 8 The S-parameters are obtained from simulations after decoupling the antenna assembly decoupled structure; please refer to... Figure 9 (b) is adopted Figure 7 and Figure 8 The S-parameters obtained by simulation after decoupling the antenna component decoupling structure, and the S-parameters obtained by using... Figure 7 and Figure 8 The S-parameters are obtained by measuring the decoupled structure of the antenna assembly.

[0092] Observation shows that, Figure 9 (b) shows a high degree of agreement between the measured and simulated curves, indicating good consistency between the measurement and simulation results. Furthermore, when using an SMA interface for feeding each microstrip antenna, the... Figure 7 and Figure 8 Before decoupling the antenna assembly decoupling structure, the H-plane coupling within the N78 band was approximately -7dB, the E-plane coupling was approximately -25dB, and the diagonal coupling was approximately -18 to -21dB. Figure 7 and Figure 8 After decoupling the antenna assembly decoupling structure, the H-plane coupling of the entire N79 passband is below -18dB, the E-plane coupling is below -22dB, and the diagonal coupling is below -22dB, achieving excellent decoupling. At the same time, the N78 in-band matching S11 is better than -7.5dB.

[0093] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0094] This invention provides an antenna assembly decoupling structure, which introduces a radiating slot in each antenna of the antenna assembly and introduces an additional capacitor structure at the end of the slot to isolate the coupled antennas in the antenna assembly at the desired frequency, thereby solving the mutual coupling between the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna and the fourth antenna in the antenna assembly.

[0095] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention for those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A decoupling structure for an antenna assembly, characterized in that, include: Antenna components and slot structures; The antenna assembly includes a first antenna and a second antenna; wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are coupled to each other to form a coupling corresponding to a first microstrip mode; The slot structure includes a first slot introduced in the first antenna and a second slot introduced in the second antenna, used to generate a first slot mode to decouple the antenna assembly by canceling out the coupling corresponding to the first slot mode and the coupling corresponding to the first microstrip mode; wherein, the coupling corresponding to the first slot mode means that the first slot and the second slot are coupled to each other, and the electric field of the first slot mode in the far field is orthogonal to the electric field of the first microstrip mode in the far field.

2. The antenna assembly decoupling structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The arrangement of the first antenna and the second antenna includes arranging them along the E-plane and arranging them along the H-plane; Wherein, the E-plane arrangement refers to the first antenna and the second antenna being arranged along the plane where the electric field is located, and the H-plane arrangement refers to the first antenna and the second antenna being arranged along the plane where the magnetic field is located.

3. The antenna assembly decoupling structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first antenna and the second antenna operate in the same frequency band.

4. The antenna assembly decoupling structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first antenna and the second antenna are microstrip antennas.

5. The antenna assembly decoupling structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes coupling capacitor structures; The antenna assembly further includes a third antenna and a fourth antenna; wherein the first antenna is coupled to the second antenna, the third antenna and the fourth antenna respectively, the second antenna is coupled to the third antenna and the fourth antenna respectively, and the third antenna is coupled to the fourth antenna to form a coupling corresponding to the second microstrip mode; The slot structure further includes a third slot introduced in the third antenna and a fourth slot introduced in the fourth antenna, used to generate a second slot mode, so as to control the coupling corresponding to the second microstrip mode through the coupling corresponding to the second slot mode and the coupling capacitor structure, thereby achieving decoupling of the antenna components; wherein, the coupling corresponding to the second slot mode means that the first slot is coupled to the second slot, the third slot and the fourth slot respectively, the second slot is coupled to the third slot and the fourth slot respectively, and the third slot is coupled to the fourth slot; The coupling capacitor structure includes a first capacitor structure, a second capacitor structure, a third capacitor structure, and a fourth capacitor structure; wherein the first capacitor structure is disposed at the end of the first gap, the second capacitor structure is disposed at the end of the second gap, the third capacitor structure is disposed at the end of the third gap, and the fourth capacitor structure is disposed at the end of the fourth gap.

6. The antenna assembly decoupling structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna are arranged in a 2×2 two-dimensional array.

7. The antenna assembly decoupling structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna operate in the same frequency band.

8. The antenna assembly decoupling structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna are all microstrip antennas.

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