A switch machine installation structure and installation method thereof

Abstract

The present application discloses a switch machine mounting structure and an installation method thereof, which relate to the technical field of railway turnout conversion equipment, including a mounting base, a plurality of buffer devices and a plurality of positioning seats; the buffer device is arranged on the positioning seat; the buffer device includes a shell, the interior of the shell has a cavity, and both ends are provided with a clearance hole; the buffer device also includes a plurality of buffer members, the plurality of buffer members fill the cavity, and the plurality of buffer members surround the bolt; the shell is also provided with a feed port and a discharge port; the shell is detachably connected to a feed cover at the feed port, and the shell is detachably connected to a discharge cover at the discharge port. The present application has a better buffering effect, and can effectively reduce the influence of horizontal vibration on the installation position of the switch machine for a long time; the replacement process is convenient, and the replacement process has little influence on the accuracy of the installation position of the switch machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of railway turnout switching equipment, and in particular to a switch machine installation structure and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Railway turnout switching equipment, also known as switch machines, are important signal infrastructure equipment used to reliably switch turnout positions, change the direction of turnout opening, lock turnout points, and reflect turnout positions. They can effectively ensure driving safety, improve transportation efficiency, and reduce the labor intensity of drivers.

[0003] Currently, when installing a switch machine on a railway transportation system, an angle steel installation method is usually used to fix the switch machine to the rail. The switch machine is fixedly connected to a mounting base composed of several angle steels through a plurality of bolts and a plurality of nuts. The mounting base is then fixedly connected to the rail through a plurality of bolts.

[0004] When a train passes over the rails, the rails vibrate, and this vibration is transmitted through the rails, first to the mounting base and then to the switch. This vibration increases wear at the connections between the switch and the mounting base, and between the mounting base and the rails, weakening the connection strength between the switch and the mounting base, and between the mounting base and the rails. Once the connection strength is weakened, horizontal vibrations can easily cause the switch's installation position to shift horizontally. After installation, the switch needs to maintain a high level of positional accuracy to stably switch the turnout position. Therefore, vibrations can easily affect the accuracy of the switch's installation position, increasing safety risks in the railway transportation system.

[0005] To address this issue, existing solutions typically involve installing buffering components (such as rubber pads) at the connections between the switch and the mounting base, and between the mounting base and the rail, to reduce the impact of horizontal vibration on the switch's installation location. However, these existing buffering components are prone to wear and damage over time, resulting in a decrease in buffering performance. Frequent replacement is not only necessary, but also requires disconnecting the switch from the mounting base, and from the mounting base to the rail. This also requires repositioning the switch's installation location, making the replacement process very cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a switch machine installation structure and an installation method thereof, which have better buffering effect and can effectively reduce the impact of horizontal vibration on the installation position of the switch machine in the long term; the replacement process is convenient, and the impact on the accuracy of the switch machine installation position during the replacement process is small.

[0007] On the one hand, the present application provides a switch machine installation structure, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A switch machine mounting structure includes a mounting base, a plurality of buffer devices, and a plurality of positioning seats, wherein the plurality of positioning seats are respectively arranged on the mounting base and the rail; the buffer device is arranged on the positioning seat, and the plurality of positioning seats correspond to the plurality of buffer devices one by one;

[0009] The buffer device includes a shell, the interior of the shell has a cavity, and both ends of the shell are provided with a clearance hole for the bolt to pass through, and the clearance hole is communicated with the cavity;

[0010] The buffer device further includes a plurality of buffer members. After the bolt is passed through the housing, the plurality of buffer members fill the cavity and surround the bolt.

[0011] The shell is also provided with a feed port and a discharge port, both of which are communicated with the cavity, the feed port is close to the top of the shell, and the discharge port is close to the bottom of the shell; the shell is detachably connected to a feed cover at the feed port, and the shell is detachably connected to a discharge cover at the discharge port.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, after the switch machine and the mounting base, as well as the mounting base and the rail are fixedly connected by a number of bolts, a number of buffer devices are installed on the corresponding positioning seats, respectively located between the switch machine and the mounting base, and between the mounting base and the rail. After the bolts pass through the shell through the clearance holes, a number of buffer parts are sent into the cavity through the feed port to fill the cavity, so that the bolts are surrounded by a number of buffer parts, and when the bolts are displaced by horizontal vibrations, the bolts will squeeze the surrounding buffer parts, and the buffer parts absorb the impact force generated by the bolts, and disperse the impact force to the remaining buffer parts one by one, and finally transmit it to the shell, so that the influence of the horizontal vibration on the bolts can be quickly and effectively dispersed, thereby reducing the impact of the horizontal vibration on the bolts. At the same time, when the buffer parts are in contact with the bolts and are worn or damaged, the vertical vibration can disrupt the positions of several buffer parts in the cavity. The rearranged buffer parts can still maintain the original effect of absorbing impact and dispersing the impact to the shell, which can not only reduce the probability that the buffer device's own buffering effect is affected by the wear of the buffer parts, but also prolong the buffering time of the buffer device; when the buffer parts are worn to a certain extent and need to be replaced, it is only necessary to open the discharge cover to allow the old buffer parts to leave the discharge port, and then open the feed cover to feed the new buffer parts into the filling cavity through the feed port. There is no need to release the connection between the switch machine and the mounting base and the mounting base and the rail, thereby reducing the impact of the replacement of the buffer parts on the accuracy of the switch machine installation position.

[0013] Optionally, a positioning groove adapted to the shell is provided on the positioning seat, an outlet is provided on one side of the bottom of the positioning seat, the outlet is communicated with the positioning groove, and when the shell is located in the positioning groove, the outlet is aligned with the discharge cover; a through hole for the bolt to pass through is provided at the bottom of the positioning seat, and the through hole is communicated with the positioning groove.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, after several locating seats are installed on the mounting base and the rail respectively, the locating grooves on the several locating seats can facilitate construction personnel to determine the installation positions of several buffer devices, thereby facilitating the construction of the mounting structure; and, the horizontal vibrations exerted on the bolts can be transmitted to the locating seats through several buffer parts and the shell in turn, and then transmitted to the mounting base and the rail through the locating seats, thereby further dispersing the horizontal vibrations and further reducing the influence of the horizontal vibrations on the installation position accuracy of the switch machine.

[0015] Optionally, the buffer device also includes a first buffer pad and a second buffer pad, and the first buffer pad and the second buffer pad are both arranged on the surface of the shell; the first buffer pad is located on the top of the shell, and when the shell is located in the positioning groove, the second buffer pad is against the groove wall of the positioning groove.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the first buffer pad and the second buffer pad jointly cover the outer surface of the shell, thereby protecting the shell and reducing the probability of the shell being deformed due to vibration or other external forces; and the first buffer pad and the second buffer pad also have a buffering effect on vibration, thereby further reducing the impact of vibration on the installation position accuracy of the switch machine.

[0017] Optionally, the buffer device also includes a sleeve, which is located in the cavity and movably connected to the shell; a through hole is provided on the sleeve for the bolt to pass through, and the through hole is communicated with the two clearance holes. The sleeve moves relative to the shell in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the through hole, and the outer surface of the sleeve is against several of the buffer parts, and the bolt drives the sleeve to move after being vibrated.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the sleeve can facilitate the bolt to pass through the buffer device, and at the same time can increase the contact area between the bolt and the buffer device, thereby reducing the pressure of the bolt on the buffer device, and further reducing the probability of wear and damage between the bolt and the buffer device due to the interaction of forces; and, the sleeve has a certain degree of freedom of movement in the radial direction, which can enable the bolt to fully squeeze the surrounding buffer parts when vibrating in the horizontal direction, rather than directly applying the force to the shell in the horizontal direction, so that the buffer parts can effectively play a buffering effect and also protect the shell.

[0019] Optionally, the sleeve has a plurality of limiting portions at one end close to the top of the shell, the shell is provided with a limiting groove, and the plurality of limiting portions are all located in the limiting groove.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the movement of the sleeve in the horizontal direction relative to the shell is restricted by the cooperation between the limiting portion and the limiting groove, which makes it easier for construction personnel to control the freedom of movement of the sleeve so that the freedom of movement is within the error range acceptable to the installation position accuracy of the switch machine, thereby further reducing the probability that the switch machine cannot continue to stably perform the function of switching the switch position due to changes in the accuracy of the installation position during use.

[0021] Optionally, the buffer device also includes a plurality of locking members and a plurality of elastic members, wherein the locking members are located at one end of the sleeve close to the bottom of the shell, and the locking members are movably connected to the sleeve; the shell is provided with a plurality of locking openings, and the plurality of elastic members correspond one-to-one to the plurality of locking members, and the elastic members drive the locking members to move in a direction close to the locking openings.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, during the process of the bolt being passed through the buffer device and during the process of filling a plurality of buffer parts into the cavity when the buffer device is used for the first time, the sleeve is controlled to move relative to the shell until the plurality of locking parts move into the locking port under the action of the elastic part, so that the position of the sleeve relative to the shell is fixed, thereby making it convenient for construction personnel to align the bolt with the through hole and then pass the bolt through the buffer device; at the same time, it also makes it convenient for construction personnel to fill the cavity with a plurality of buffer parts, improves the quality of filling the cavity with a plurality of buffer parts, and thus ensures the buffering effect of the buffer device.

[0023] Optionally, the buffer device further includes a third buffer pad, which is arranged on the inner surface of the sleeve; when the bolt is passed through the sleeve, the third buffer pad cooperates with the bolt thread.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the bolt passes through the sleeve in a manner of threaded cooperation with the third buffer pad, which can improve the stability of the relative position between the bolt and the sleeve, and the vibration of the bolt will be transmitted to the sleeve through the third buffer pad, so that the buffer device can timely and effectively buffer the bolt; at the same time, the third buffer pad also has a buffering effect, which can reduce the intensity of the bolt vibration transmitted to the buffer device, and can further increase the contact area between the bolt and the buffer device, and can make the contact between the bolt and the buffer device soft contact, thereby further reducing the probability of wear and damage between the bolt and the buffer device due to the interaction of forces.

[0025] Optionally, the outer side of the sleeve has a plurality of first protrusions, and the inner side of the shell has a plurality of second protrusions.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, several first protrusions can increase the probability of the sleeve contacting several buffer parts, and several second protrusions can increase the probability of the cavity wall contacting several buffer parts, thereby further ensuring that the several buffer parts in the cavity can contact and offset each other, so that the vibration at the sleeve can be smoothly transmitted to the shell through the several buffer parts, thereby further ensuring the buffering effect of the buffer device.

[0027] Optionally, the plurality of buffer members have multiple sizes.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, a number of buffer parts of various sizes enter the filling cavity in sequence from large to small, and the smaller buffer parts can fill the gaps between the larger buffer parts, which can further improve the effect of the multiple buffer parts in filling the cavity and increase the number of buffer parts in the cavity; and, the increase in the number of buffer parts in the cavity can further improve the dispersion effect of the multiple buffer parts on vibration, thereby further improving the buffering effect of the buffer device.

[0029] On the other hand, the present application also provides a method for installing a switch machine, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0030] A method for installing a switch machine is implemented based on the above-mentioned switch machine installation structure, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0031] A plurality of holes for mounting the switch machine are formed on the mounting base, and a plurality of holes for mounting the mounting base are formed on the rail;

[0032] Open the feed cover and fill the cavity with the buffer members of different sizes in descending order by using a blowing device;

[0033] A plurality of bolts pass through the corresponding buffer devices to securely connect the mounting base to the switch machine;

[0034] A plurality of bolts pass through the corresponding buffer devices to fix the mounting base to the rail.

[0035] In summary, this application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. It has a better buffering effect and can effectively reduce the impact of vibration on the installation position accuracy of the switch machine in the long term;

[0037] 2. The process of replacing the buffer parts of the buffer device is simple and convenient, and the replacement process has little impact on the installation position accuracy of the switch machine;

[0038] 3. When the buffer parts are worn or damaged, the vertical vibration can disrupt the positions of several buffer parts. After the buffer parts are rearranged, they can continue to maintain the buffering effect.

[0039] 4. The buffer parts have different sizes and specifications and are large in number, which can effectively disperse the vibration, thereby further reducing the impact of vibration on the installation position accuracy of the switch machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the switch machine after installation in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram of the installation position of the switch machine from a frontal perspective;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present application when the buffer device and the positioning seat are matched;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the buffer device in the embodiment of the present application when no buffer member is filled.

[0044] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. switch machine; 2. mounting base; 21. mounting plate; 3. buffer device; 31. shell; 311. cavity; 312. clearance hole; 313. feed port; 314. discharge port; 315. feed cover; 316. discharge cover; 317. limiting groove; 318. locking port; 319. second protrusion; 32. buffer member; 33. first buffer pad; 34. second buffer pad; 35. sleeve; 351. perforation; 352. limiting portion; 353. first protrusion; 36. locking member; 37. elastic member; 38. third buffer pad; 4. positioning seat; 41. positioning groove; 42. through hole; 43. outlet; 44. unlocking member; 5. rail; 6. bolt; 7. nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 This application is described in further detail.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 The present application discloses a switch machine installation structure for assisting the installation and fixation of the switch machine 1 on the rail 5, comprising a mounting base 2, a plurality of buffer devices 3, and a plurality of positioning seats 4. The mounting base 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the switch machine 1, and is also fixedly connected to the rail 5; the plurality of positioning seats 4 are respectively fixedly mounted on the mounting base 2 and the rail 5, for determining the installation position of the switch machine 1 on the mounting base 2 and for determining the installation position of the mounting base 2 on the rail 5; the plurality of buffer devices 3 are respectively mounted on the plurality of positioning seats 4, and the plurality of buffer devices 3 respectively provide a buffering effect between the switch machine 1 and the mounting base 2 and between the mounting base 2 and the rail 5, thereby reducing the impact of the vibration of the rail 5 on the mounting base 2 and the switch machine 1.

[0047] The switch machine 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure as a whole. Since the switch machine 1 is a prior art in this field, it will not be described in detail here and is only briefly shown in the drawings.

[0048] The mounting base 2 includes two mounting plates 21, which are rectangular plate-shaped structures. After the two mounting plates 21 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the switch machine 1, the length direction of the mounting plates 21 is parallel to the length direction of the switch machine 1, and the two mounting plates 21 are respectively located at both ends of the width direction of the switch machine 1.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The switch machine 1 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 21 via a plurality of bolts 6 and a plurality of nuts 7. The bolts 6 correspond one to one with the nuts 7. Preferably, each mounting plate 21 is fixedly connected to the switch machine 1 via two bolts 6 and two nuts 7. The bottom of the switch machine 1 has a base structure. Holes for the bolts 6 are provided at each of the four corners of the base structure. Two corresponding holes for the bolts 6 are provided on each of the two mounting plates 21.

[0050] The mounting plates 21 are fixedly connected to the rails 5 by a plurality of bolts 6. Preferably, the mounting plates 21 are fixedly connected to two adjacent rails 5 at their respective ends in the longitudinal direction, and preferably, the mounting plates 21 are fixedly connected to a single rail 5 by a single bolt 6. Holes for the bolts 6 are also provided near their respective ends in the longitudinal direction of the two mounting plates 21. That is, each mounting plate 21 has a total of four holes for the bolts 6, and two adjacent rails 5 have two threaded holes for the bolts 6 to threadably engage with.

[0051] The plurality of positioning seats 4 on the two mounting plates 21 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of holes on the two mounting plates 21 for the bolts 6 to pass through, and the plurality of positioning seats 4 correspond one-to-one with the threaded holes on the rails 5 for the bolts 6 to threadably engage with. Preferably, the positioning seats 4 are integrally formed into a frustum, and the end of the frustum with a larger end surface area on the positioning seats 4 is fixedly connected to the mounting plates 21 or the rails 5. Preferably, the positioning seats 4 are fixedly connected to the mounting plates 21 or the rails 5 by welding.

[0052] The axis of the positioning seat 4 fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 21 coincides with the axis of the hole opened on the mounting plate 21 for the bolt 6 to pass through; the axis of the positioning seat 4 fixedly mounted on the rail 5 coincides with the axis of the threaded hole opened on the rail 5 for the bolt 6 to threadably engage with.

[0053] Reference Figure 3The top of the positioning seat 4 is provided with a positioning groove 41 for mounting the buffer device 3. The opening of the positioning groove 41 faces upward. Preferably, the positioning groove 41 is also in the shape of a truncated cone structure. The axis of the positioning groove 41 coincides with the axis of the positioning seat 4, and the truncated cone structure of the positioning groove 41 is inverted from the truncated cone structure of the positioning seat 4. The bottom of the positioning seat 4 is provided with a through hole 42 for the bolt 6 to pass through. The axis of the through hole 42 also coincides with the axis of the positioning seat 4, and the two ends of the through hole 42 in the axial direction are respectively connected to the positioning groove 41 and the hole for the bolt 6 to pass through on the mounting plate 21 or the rail 5. Preferably, the diameter of the through hole 42 is larger than the radial dimension of the bolt 6.

[0054] Reference Figure 4 The buffer device 3 includes a shell 31, and the shape of the shell 31 is the same as the shape of the positioning groove 41. After the shell 31 is installed into the positioning groove 41, the peripheral end surface of the shell 31 fits and abuts against the peripheral groove wall of the positioning groove 41, and the bottom end surface of the shell 31 also fits and abuts against the bottom groove wall of the positioning groove 41.

[0055] The interior of the housing 31 is hollow and defines a cavity 311. The shape of the cavity 311 is similar to that of the housing 31. Axial ends of the housing 31 also provide clearance holes 312 for the passage of the bolts 6. The clearance holes 312 extend through the housing 31 and communicate with the cavity 311. The axes of the two clearance holes 312 coincide with the axis of the housing 31, and the diameters of the clearance holes 312 are larger than the radial dimensions of the bolts 6.

[0056] Back to Figure 3 The buffer device 3 also includes a plurality of buffer members 32, each of which is a spherical structure, and preferably a rubber product. When the housing 31 is installed in the positioning groove 41 and the bolt 6 passes through the housing 31, the plurality of buffer members 32 fills the cavity 311, and the plurality of buffer members 32 contact and abut against each other. The buffer members 32 near the top, side, and bottom of the housing 31 respectively abut against the cavity walls of the top, side, and bottom of the cavity 311; and the plurality of buffer members 32 surround the bolt 6, and the buffer members 32 near the bolt 6 abut against the side of the bolt 6. The plurality of buffer members 32 work together to fix the relative position of the bolt 6 and the housing 31. When the rail 5 vibrates and is transmitted to the plurality of bolts 6, the plurality of buffer members 32 can disperse the vibration transmitted to the bolt 6, thereby providing a buffering effect, thereby reducing the impact of the vibration on the connection strength between the switch machine 1 and the mounting base 2, and between the mounting base 2 and the rail 5.

[0057] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The housing 31 is further provided with a feed port 313 for the buffer member 32 to enter the cavity 311, and a discharge port 314 for the buffer member 32 to exit the cavity 311. The feed port 313 is located at the top of the housing 31, and the discharge port 314 is located on the circumferential side of the housing 31 and near the bottom of the housing 31. Preferably, the diameters of the feed port 313 and the discharge port 314 are equal and both are larger than the radial dimension of the buffer member 32. A feed cap 315 is detachably connected to the housing 31 at the feed port 313, and a discharge cap 316 is detachably connected to the housing 31 at the discharge port 314. Preferably, both the feed cap 315 and the discharge cap 316 are detachably connected to the housing 31 by threaded engagement.

[0058] Correspondingly, an outlet 43 for the buffer member 32 to discharge is also provided near the bottom of the positioning seat 4. The diameter of outlet 43 is larger than the diameter of discharge port 314. After the housing 31 is installed in the positioning slot 41, the housing 31 is controlled to rotate about its own axis relative to the positioning seat 4 so that the axis of discharge port 314 coincides with the axis of outlet 43. At this time, if the discharge cover 316 is opened, outlet 43 and discharge port 314 are connected.

[0059] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 When the switch machine 1 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 2, the bolt 6 passes through the housing 31, the positioning seat 4, and the mounting plate 21 in sequence from top to bottom. The nut 7 then threads together with the end of the bolt 6 that passes through the mounting plate 21 until the bolt 6 and the nut 7 engage, locking the switch machine 1 and the mounting base 2 in place. In other embodiments, a gasket may be added between the nut 7 and the mounting plate 21. When the mounting base 2 is fixedly connected to the rail 5, the bolt 6 passes through the housing 31 and the positioning seat 4 in sequence from top to bottom, and finally enters the rail 5, where it threads together with the rail 5, until the bolt 6 locks the mounting base 2 and the rail 5 in place.

[0060] Back to Figure 3 and Figure 4 Furthermore, the buffer device 3 further includes a first buffer pad 33 and a second buffer pad 34. Preferably, both the first buffer pad 33 and the second buffer pad 34 are made of rubber. The first buffer pad 33 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the shell 31, and the second buffer pad 34 covers the circumferential surface and the bottom surface of the shell 31 and is also fixedly connected to the shell 31. Preferably, both the first buffer pad 33 and the second buffer pad 34 are fixedly connected to the shell 31 by gluing.

[0061] After the housing 31 is installed in the positioning groove 41, the sides and bottom of the housing 31 are in contact with the sides and bottom walls of the positioning groove 41 via the second cushioning pad 34. The head of the bolt 6 applies a vertical downward force to the housing 31 through the first cushioning pad 33. Both the first cushioning pad 33 and the second cushioning pad 34 provide a cushioning effect, thereby reducing the probability of wear and deformation of the housing 31 during use.

[0062] Back to Figure 4 Furthermore, the buffer device 3 also includes a sleeve 35, which is located in the cavity 311 and is movably connected to the housing 31. The sleeve 35 is an overall cylindrical structure, with the axis of the sleeve 35 parallel to the axis of the housing 31. The sleeve 35 can move radially relative to the housing 31 within the cavity 311. The sleeve 35 has a through-hole 351 inside for the bolt 6 to pass through. The aperture of the through-hole 351 is preferably larger than the radial dimension of the bolt 6. During the movement of the sleeve 35 relative to the housing 31, the buffer members 32 closest to the sleeve 35 among the plurality of buffer members 32 maintain contact with the circumferential side surface of the sleeve 35.

[0063] Furthermore, the sleeve 35 has a plurality of stoppers 352 at one end near the top of the housing 31. The housing 31 has corresponding stopper grooves 317 on the wall at the top of the cavity 311, into which the stoppers 352 are simultaneously engaged. Preferably, the sleeve 35 has four stoppers 352. The stopper grooves 317 are annular in shape, and the axis of the stopper grooves 317 coincides with the axis of the housing 31.

[0064] During the movement of the sleeve 35 relative to the housing 31, the end face of the end portion of the limiting portion 352 remains in contact with the groove wall at the bottom of the limiting groove 317; when the sleeve 35 moves until its own axis coincides with the axis of the housing 31, the distance between the two sides of the limiting portion 352 and the groove walls on both sides of the limiting groove 317 is equal, and the value of the distance is less than the displacement allowed during the use of the switch machine 1.

[0065] Back to Figure 3 and Figure 4 Furthermore, the buffer device 3 further includes a plurality of locking members 36, which are mounted on an end of the sleeve 35 away from the limiting portion 352. The locking members 36 are slidably connected to the sleeve 35, and the sliding direction of the locking members 36 is parallel to the axis of the sleeve 35. The locking members 36 move in and out of the sleeve 35 during the sliding process.

[0066] The buffer device 3 further includes a plurality of elastic members 37, which correspond one-to-one with the plurality of locking members 36. The elastic members 37 are mounted inside the sleeve 35, on the side of the locking member 36 near the stop portion 352, with the ends of the elastic members 37 respectively abutting against the sleeve 35 and the locking member 36. The elastic members 37 are preferably compression springs, which drive the locking member 36 to slide relative to the sleeve 35 in a direction away from the stop portion 352.

[0067] The bottom of the housing 31 is provided with a plurality of locking openings 318 for the locking members 36 to pass through. Each of the locking openings 318 corresponds to a corresponding number of locking members 36. When a locking member 36 is aligned with the locking openings 318 along its sliding direction, the elastic member 37 forces the locking member 36 to slide into the locking openings 318. When one locking member 36 is aligned with the locking opening 318 along its sliding direction, the remaining locking members 36 also align with the corresponding locking openings 318. When all of the locking members 36 are inserted into their corresponding locking openings 318, the movement of the sleeve 35 relative to the housing 31 is restricted, and the sleeve 35 is now fixed relative to the housing 31.

[0068] When the position of the sleeve 35 is fixed relative to the shell 31, the position of the sleeve 35 is centered relative to the shell 31, which can facilitate the bolt 6 to pass through the through-hole 351; at the same time, filling a plurality of buffer members 32 into the cavity 311 at this time can make the distribution of the buffer members 32 in the cavity 311 more uniform, so that the buffering effect of the plurality of buffer members 32 on the sleeve 35 in all directions is balanced.

[0069] Furthermore, the positioning seat 4 has a plurality of unlocking members 44 fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the positioning slot 41, each of which is compatible with the locking openings 318. The unlocking members 44 correspond one-to-one with the locking openings 318 on the housing 31. When the housing 31 is installed into the positioning slot 41 with the locking openings 318 and the unlocking members 44 vertically aligned, the unlocking members 44 enter the locking openings 318, forcing the locking members 36 to slide back into the sleeve 35, overcoming the force of the elastic member 37. After the locking members 36 have all slid back into the sleeve 35, the sleeve 35 regains its freedom of movement relative to the housing 31, and the unlocking members 44 prevent the locking members 36 from sliding into the locking openings 318.

[0070] Furthermore, in one and only one state of the housing 31, the locking openings 318 and the unlocking members 44 can align in the same direction. Furthermore, when the housing 31 is installed in the positioning slot 41 and the unlocking members 44 are inserted into their corresponding locking openings 318, the discharge port 314 on the housing 31 aligns with the outlet 43 on the positioning seat 4. For ease of illustration, the preferred embodiment of the buffer device 3 includes one locking member 36 and one elastic member 37 in the accompanying drawings. Accordingly, the housing 31 has one locking opening 318, and the positioning seat 4 has one unlocking member 44 fixedly mounted thereon.

[0071] Back to Figure 4 Furthermore, the buffer device 3 also includes a third buffer pad 38, which is fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the sleeve 35. Preferably, the third buffer pad 38 is also made of rubber and is preferably also fixedly connected to the sleeve 35 by gluing. The third buffer pad 38 has a cylindrical structure, and the inner surface of the third buffer pad 38 has a threaded structure. The bolt 6 is threadedly engaged with the third buffer pad 38 and thus passes through the through-hole 351 in the sleeve 35. When the bolt 6 is affected by vibration, the vibration can be promptly transmitted to the sleeve 35 through the third buffer pad 38. At the same time, the third buffer pad 38 also has a buffering effect, which can reduce the impact of vibration on the bolt 6.

[0072] Furthermore, the outer surface of the sleeve 35 is provided with a plurality of first protrusions 353, and the housing 31 has a plurality of second protrusions 319 distributed on the wall of the cavity 311. Preferably, the first protrusions 353 and the second protrusions 319 have the same structure and are both hemispherical. After the plurality of buffer members 32 fill the cavity 311, the buffer members 32 at the edges can contact and abut against the first protrusions 353 or the second protrusions 319. The plurality of first protrusions 353 and the plurality of second protrusions 319 increase the probability of the buffer member 32 contacting the periphery of the bolt 6 and the wall of the cavity 311 of the housing 31.

[0073] Back to Figure 3 Furthermore, it is preferred that the buffer members 32 have various specifications depending on their radial dimensions, and that the same housing 31 be filled with buffer members 32 of various specifications. The radial dimension of the buffer member 32 with the largest radial dimension is smaller than the diameter of the feed port 313 and the diameter of the discharge port 314. After the larger buffer members 32 fill the cavity 311, a large space still exists between adjacent larger buffer members 32. This space can be filled with smaller buffer members 32, allowing a larger number of buffer members 32 to be filled in the cavity 311, thereby improving the vibration dispersion effect of the multiple buffer members 32. In the accompanying drawings, only the largest buffer member 32 is shown; the buffer members 32 of other specifications are omitted.

[0074] The implementation principle of the switch machine installation structure in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0075] When the train passes and causes the rail 5 to vibrate, the vibration will be transmitted to several bolts 6. The vibration of the bolt 6 in the horizontal direction will first be partially absorbed by the third buffer pad 38, and the other part will drive the sleeve 35 to move relative to the shell 31. The movement of the sleeve 35 will squeeze the buffer part 32 on one side of its own movement direction, and transmit the vibration to the shell 31 through several buffer parts 32 in contact with each other. At the same time, the buffer parts 32 can disperse and absorb the vibration; the shell 31 then transmits the vibration to the positioning seat 4 through the second buffer pad 34, and the second buffer pad 34 can also absorb part of the vibration; the vibration of the bolt 6 in the vertical direction can be partially absorbed by the first buffer pad 33 and the second buffer pad 34, and then transmitted to the shell 31, the positioning seat 4 and the mounting plate 21; thereby reducing the influence of the vibration of the rail 5 on the bolt 6, reducing the probability that the bolt 6 will be aggravated by wear due to vibration and causing the position stability of the switch machine 1 to decrease, and thus effectively ensuring the position stability of the switch machine 1 after installation;

[0076] When some of the buffer members 32 are worn or damaged, after the vibration of the bolt 6 in the vertical direction is transmitted to the shell 31, the vibration of the shell 31 can disrupt the buffer members 32 in the cavity 311, so that the buffer members 32 are rearranged in the cavity 311, and the rearranged buffer members 32 can maintain the buffering effect they had before, and at the same time can effectively transmit the vibration to the shell 31, so that the buffer device 3 can effectively buffer the bolt 6 for a long time.

[0077] The present application also discloses a method for installing a switch machine. Based on the above-mentioned switch machine installation structure, the specific steps are as follows:

[0078] S1. A plurality of holes for installing the switch machine 1 are opened on the installation base 2, and a plurality of holes for installing the installation base 2 are opened on the rail 5.

[0079] First, mark points on the two mounting plates 21 according to the size of the switch machine 1 and open holes for the bolts 6 to pass through. Then, mark points on the two mounting plates 21 and the two rails 5 according to the required installation position of the switch machine 1 and start opening holes for the bolts 6 to pass through.

[0080] S2. Set a plurality of positioning seats 4 on the mounting base 2 and set a plurality of positioning seats 4 on the rails 5.

[0081] Weld and fix several positioning seats 4 on the two mounting plates 21 so that the through holes 42 of the positioning seats 4 are aligned and communicated with the corresponding holes on the mounting plates 21 for the bolts 6 to pass through; weld and fix several positioning seats 4 on the two rails 5 so that the through holes 42 of the positioning seats 4 are aligned and communicated with the corresponding holes on the rails 5 for the bolts 6 to pass through.

[0082] S3. Open the feed cover 315 and use the blowing device to fill the cavity 311 with buffer members 32 of different sizes in descending order.

[0083] To prepare the buffer device 3 for first use, remove the feed cover 315, and place several buffer parts 32 of different specifications into the cavity 311 through the feed port 313 in descending order of size for filling; when filling the cavity 311 with buffer parts 32 of the same specification, use a blowing device to assist in feeding, so as to improve the filling effect of the several buffer parts 32 in the cavity 311; when the larger buffer parts 32 can no longer be filled into the cavity 311, use a blowing device to assist the smaller buffer parts 32 to fill the cavity 311, and stop when the smaller buffer parts 32 can no longer be filled into the cavity 311, and then install and reset the feed cover 315 to cover the feed port 313.

[0084] S4. A plurality of bolts 6 pass through the corresponding buffer devices 3 and the corresponding positioning seats 4 and cooperate with the nuts 7 to fix the mounting base 2 and the switch machine 1.

[0085] Several bolts 6 are first passed through the switch machine 1, and then the buffer device 3 with the sleeve 35 in a fixed position is placed on the bolts 6, so that the bolts 6 pass through the through holes 351 of the sleeve 35 and are threadedly engaged with the third buffer pad 38 until the buffer device 3 and the bottom of the switch machine 1 are abutted; after several buffer devices 3 are all placed on the corresponding bolts 6, the bolts 6 are sequentially passed through the through holes 42 on the positioning seat 4 and the holes for the bolts 6 to pass through on the mounting plate 21, and the buffer device 3 is installed into the positioning groove 41 (at this time, the sleeve 35 regains its freedom of movement); then the nuts 7 are screwed together with the corresponding bolts 6 until the nuts 7 are tightened and abut against the mounting plate 21.

[0086] S5, a plurality of bolts 6 pass through the corresponding buffer device 3 and the corresponding positioning seat 4 to fix the mounting base 2 and the rail 5 together.

[0087] The buffer devices 3 with the sleeves 35 in a fixed position are installed into the positioning grooves 41 of the corresponding positioning seats 4 on the two rails 5 (at this time, the sleeves 35 have regained their freedom of movement), and the switch machine 1 is then controlled to move until the mounting base 2 is located above the buffer devices 3, and the remaining holes for the bolts 6 to pass through on the two mounting plates 21 are aligned one by one with the through holes 351 of the sleeves 35 on the buffer devices 3; the bolts 6 are then controlled to first pass through the mounting plate 21, and then pass through the through holes 351 of the sleeves 35 in a manner that is threadedly engaged with the third buffer pad 38, and finally penetrate into the rail 5 in a manner that is threadedly engaged with the rail 5, until the nut 7 is tightened and abuts against the mounting plate 21.

[0088] The order of step S3 can be adjusted, and it only needs to be completed before step S4.

[0089] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A switch machine mounting structure, comprising a mounting base (2), characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of buffer devices (3) and a plurality of positioning seats (4), wherein the plurality of positioning seats (4) are respectively arranged on the mounting base (2) and the rail (5); the buffer device (3) is arranged on the positioning seat (4), and the plurality of positioning seats (4) correspond to the plurality of buffer devices (3) one by one; The buffer device (3) comprises a shell (31), the interior of the shell (31) has a cavity (311), both ends of the shell are provided with a clearance hole (312) for the bolt (6) to pass through, and the clearance hole (312) is communicated with the cavity (311); The buffer device (3) further includes a plurality of buffer members (32), and after the bolt (6) is passed through the housing (31), the plurality of buffer members (32) fill the cavity (311), and the plurality of buffer members (32) surround the bolt (6); The shell (31) is also provided with a feed port (313) and a discharge port (314), both of which are in communication with the cavity (311), the feed port (313) being close to the top of the shell (31), and the discharge port (314) being close to the bottom of the shell (31); the shell (31) is detachably connected to a feed cover (315) at the feed port (313), and the shell (31) is detachably connected to a discharge cover (316) at the discharge port (314); The buffer device (3) further includes a sleeve (35), the sleeve (35) being located in the cavity (311) and being movably connected to the housing (31); a through hole (351) for the bolt (6) to pass through is provided on the sleeve (35), the through hole (351) being communicated with the two clearance holes (312), the sleeve (35) being movable relative to the housing (31) in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the through hole (351), the outer surface of the sleeve (35) being in contact with a plurality of the buffer members (32), and the bolt (6) being vibrated to drive the sleeve (35) to move.

2. A switch machine installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning seat (4) is provided with a positioning groove (41) adapted to the shell (31); an outlet (43) is provided on one side of the bottom of the positioning seat (4); the outlet (43) is communicated with the positioning groove (41); when the shell (31) is located in the positioning groove (41), the outlet (43) is aligned with the discharge cover (316); and a through hole (42) for the bolt (6) to pass through is provided at the bottom of the positioning seat (4); the through hole (42) is communicated with the positioning groove (41).

3. The switch machine installation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer device (3) further comprises a first buffer pad (33) and a second buffer pad (34), wherein the first buffer pad (33) and the second buffer pad (34) are both arranged on the surface of the shell (31); the first buffer pad (33) is located on the top of the shell (31), and when the shell (31) is located in the positioning groove (41), the second buffer pad (34) abuts against the groove wall of the positioning groove (41).

4. The switch machine installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the sleeve (35) close to the top of the shell (31) has a plurality of limiting portions (352), the shell (31) is provided with a limiting groove (317), and the plurality of limiting portions (352) are all located in the limiting groove (317).

5. The switch machine installation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer device (3) further comprises a plurality of locking members (36) and a plurality of elastic members (37), wherein the locking member (36) is located at one end of the sleeve (35) close to the bottom of the housing (31), and the locking member (36) is movably connected to the sleeve (35); the housing (31) is provided with a plurality of locking openings (318), and the plurality of elastic members (37) correspond to the plurality of locking members (36) one by one, and the elastic members (37) drive the locking members (36) to move in a direction close to the locking openings (318).

6. The switch machine installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer device (3) further includes a third buffer pad (38), which is arranged on the inner surface of the sleeve (35); when the bolt (6) is passed through the sleeve (35), the third buffer pad (38) is threadedly engaged with the bolt (6).

7. The switch machine installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the sleeve (35) has a plurality of first protrusions (353) and the inner side of the shell (31) has a plurality of second protrusions (319).

8. The switch machine installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of buffer members (32) have various sizes.

9. A method for installing a switch machine, characterized in that: The specific steps of implementing the switch machine installation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are as follows: A plurality of holes for mounting the switch machine (1) are provided on the mounting base (2), and a plurality of holes for mounting the mounting base (2) are provided on the rail (5); Opening the feed cover (315), and sequentially filling the buffer members (32) of different sizes from large to small into the cavity (311) using a blowing device; A plurality of the bolts (6) pass through the corresponding buffer devices (3) to securely connect the mounting base (2) to the switch machine (1); A plurality of the bolts (6) pass through the corresponding buffer devices (3) to securely connect the mounting base (2) to the steel rail (5).

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