Groundwater-sealed cavern seawater intrusion visualization device and monitoring method and device thereof

Abstract

The groundwater-sealed cavern seawater intrusion visualization device, monitoring method and device disclosed by the application relate to the technical field of test simulation devices and can simulate the seawater intrusion process during the excavation and operation of a groundwater-sealed cavern. The device comprises a box body and a cavern. The device further comprises two controllable water-permeable isolation components located in the box body, which divide the box body into two recharge chambers and a geological environment simulation chamber. The cavern is located in the geological environment simulation chamber. The two recharge chambers comprise a freshwater recharge chamber and a seawater recharge chamber. The cavern comprises a porous hole body and a release-type shielding film. When the hole body is in an unexcavated state, the release-type shielding film is formed on the surface of the porous hole body close to each recharge chamber and the top and bottom ends of the porous hole body. When the hole body is in an excavated state, the surface of the porous hole body close to each recharge chamber and the top and bottom ends of the porous hole body are exposed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of experimental simulation device technology, and in particular to a visualization device for seawater intrusion into underground water-sealed caverns, as well as its monitoring method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Petroleum is the lifeblood of a nation's economy, and a continuous and stable supply of oil is a crucial guarantee for sustainable economic and social development. Due to its advantages such as high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness, underground water-sealed oil caverns have become an important method for China's strategic petroleum reserves.

[0003] However, the large-scale excavation of underground water-sealed oil storage caverns in coastal areas can cause the initial groundwater level to drop below the sea level, potentially leading to seawater intrusion. Seawater intrusion causes chloride ions in the seawater to corrode the structure and facilities of the underground water-sealed oil storage caverns, and the resulting products can also contaminate the oil. This not only affects the service life of the underground water-sealed oil storage caverns but also adversely impacts their production and operation. Therefore, the construction of underground water-sealed oil storage caverns in coastal areas should prioritize addressing the issue of seawater intrusion to avoid unnecessary losses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a visualization device and monitoring method and apparatus for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns, so as to simulate the seawater intrusion process during excavation and in the already excavated state of underground water-sealed caverns.

[0005] In a first aspect, in order to achieve the above-mentioned objective, the present invention provides a visualization device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns, comprising: a box, a cavern, and two controllable permeable isolation components located within the box;

[0006] The device also includes two controllable permeable isolation components located inside the box, which divide the internal space of the box into two supply chambers and a geological environment simulation chamber located between the two supply chambers. The cavern is located inside the geological environment simulation chamber. The two supply chambers include a freshwater supply chamber for supplying fresh water and a seawater supply chamber for supplying seawater. The cavern includes a porous cavity and a release membrane.

[0007] When the cavern is in an unexcavated state, the release liner is formed on the surface of the porous cavity near each of the supply chambers and at the top and bottom of the porous cavity.

[0008] When the cavern is in the excavated state, the surface of the porous cavity near each of the supply chambers and the top and bottom of the porous cavity are exposed.

[0009] Compared with existing technologies, the seawater intrusion visualization device for underground water-sealed caverns provided by this invention includes two controllable permeable isolation components located within the chamber. These components divide the internal space of the chamber into a freshwater supply chamber for replenishing freshwater, a seawater supply chamber for replenishing seawater, and a geological environment simulation chamber located between the two supply chambers. Therefore, the seawater intrusion visualization device for underground water-sealed caverns provided by this invention can control the movement of freshwater and seawater by adjusting the state of the controllable permeable isolation components, thereby achieving the purpose of simulating seawater intrusion.

[0010] Under the premise that the water head in the freshwater supply chamber and the seawater supply chamber is stable, when the two controllable permeable isolation components are adjusted to a permeable state, freshwater and seawater will flow from the corresponding supply chamber to the geological environment simulation chamber, thereby obtaining the results of seawater intrusion under natural conditions.

[0011] The groundwater-sealed cavern seawater intrusion visualization device provided by this invention also includes a cavern located within a geological environment simulation chamber. This cavern comprises a porous cavity and a release liner. When the cavern is in an unexcavated state, the release liner is formed on the surface of the porous cavity near each recharge chamber and at the top and bottom ends of the porous cavity. When the cavern is in an excavated state, the surface of the porous cavity near each recharge chamber and at the top and bottom ends of the porous cavity are exposed. Therefore, when the release liner is formed on the surface of the porous cavity near each recharge chamber and at the top and bottom ends of the porous cavity, the two controllable permeable isolation components can be adjusted to a permeable state, allowing the acquisition of seawater intrusion results in the unexcavated state of the cavern. Removing the release liner formed on the surface of the porous cavity near each recharge chamber and at the top and bottom ends of the porous cavity allows for the excavation of the cavern. When the cavern is in the excavated, operational state, the two controllable permeable isolation components can be adjusted to be permeable to obtain the seawater intrusion results during operation. Simultaneously, the position of the seawater-freshwater interface under different conditions can be obtained by adjusting the head difference between the freshwater and seawater supply chambers, thus allowing analysis of its variation patterns.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for visually monitoring seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns. This method utilizes the aforementioned visual device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns and includes:

[0013] When each controllable permeable isolation component is in a permeable state, the freshwater supply chamber is controlled to provide simulated freshwater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component, and the seawater supply chamber is controlled to provide simulated seawater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component, so that the simulated freshwater and the simulated seawater simulate the seawater intrusion scenario of the cavern during the excavation process and the excavated state in the geological environment simulation chamber;

[0014] Obtain images of the contact interface between the simulated freshwater and the simulated seawater in the geological environment simulation chamber, as well as water environment monitoring information in the geological environment simulation chamber.

[0015] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a visual monitoring device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns, applied to the aforementioned visual monitoring device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns, comprising:

[0016] The control module is used to control the freshwater supply chamber to provide simulated freshwater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component when each controllable permeable isolation component is in a permeable state, and to control the seawater supply chamber to provide simulated seawater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component, so that the simulated freshwater and the simulated seawater simulate the seawater intrusion scenario of the cavern in the excavated state in the geological environment simulation chamber;

[0017] The acquisition module is used to acquire images of the contact interface between the simulated freshwater and the simulated seawater in the geological environment simulation chamber and water environment monitoring information in the geological environment simulation chamber.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the visual monitoring and device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns provided by the present invention are the same as those of the visual monitoring device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the visualization device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a three-layered cavern provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a porous support frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 4 A top view of the water curtain system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the pressure measuring hole distribution provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the pressure measuring tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 7 A flowchart of the visual monitoring method for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 100-Visual device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns; 101-Box body; 102-Cavern; 1021-Porous cavern body; 1022-Porous support frame; 103-Controllable permeable isolation component; 1031-Modible baffle; 1032-Porous plate; 104-Freshwater recharge chamber; 1041-First freshwater recharge chamber; 1042-Second freshwater recharge chamber; 105-Seawater recharge chamber; 1051-First seawater recharge chamber; 1052-Second seawater recharge chamber; 106-Geological environment simulation chamber; 107-Overflow plate; 108-Freshwater supply tank; 109-Seawater supply tank; 110-Horizontal water curtain pipe; 111-Vertical water curtain pipe; 112-Freshwater recovery tank; 113-Seawater recovery tank; 114-Water curtain recharge tank; 115-Pressure measuring hole; 116-Pressure measuring pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. "Several" means one or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0031] Currently, the large-scale excavation of underground water-sealed oil storage caverns in coastal areas leads to a drop in the initial groundwater level, potentially falling below sea level, which may result in seawater intrusion. Due to seawater intrusion, chloride ions in the seawater corrode the structure and facilities of the underground water-sealed oil storage caverns, and the resulting products also contaminate the oil. This not only affects the service life of the underground water-sealed oil storage caverns but also adversely impacts their production and operation. The construction of underground water-sealed oil storage caverns in coastal areas should prioritize addressing the issue of seawater intrusion to avoid unnecessary losses.

[0032] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a visualization device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns, which simulates the seawater intrusion process during the excavation of underground water-sealed caverns and in the already excavated state, while also exploring the impact of the water curtain system on the prevention and control of seawater intrusion. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the visualization device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the underground water-sealed cavern seawater intrusion visualization device 100 includes:

[0033] The enclosure 101, the cavern 102, and two controllable permeable isolation components 103 located within the enclosure 101 divide the internal space of the enclosure 101 into two replenishment chambers and a geological environment simulation chamber 106 located between the two replenishment chambers. The cavern 102 is located within the geological environment simulation chamber 106. The two replenishment chambers include a freshwater replenishment chamber 104 for replenishing freshwater and a seawater replenishment chamber 105 for replenishing seawater. It should be understood that, in order to enhance the visualization of seawater intrusion in the underground water-sealed cavern 102, the material of the enclosure 101 should be a transparent sheet, such as plexiglass and / or inorganic glass.

[0034] For example, the cavern can consist of at least one layer of acrylic sheet, with uniform through holes formed at its top and bottom ends and on the surface near each recharge chamber. The cavern can be single-layered or multi-layered. When the cavern is single-layered, the release liner formed on the surface of the porous cavity near each recharge chamber and at the top and bottom ends of the porous cavity is removed to form a single-layered cavern. When the cavern is multi-layered, the release liner of each acrylic sheet can be removed separately to excavate the multi-layered cavern. Simultaneously, a water tank can be placed at the bottom of the cavern to measure the amount of water seeping from it.

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a three-layered cavern provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Taking a three-layered cavern as an example, as... Figure 2 As shown, the cavern comprises a porous cavity 1021 and a release liner. When the cavern is in an unexcavated state, the release liner is formed on the surface of the porous cavity 1021 near each recharge chamber, as well as at the top and bottom of the porous cavity 1021. Excavation of the cavern can be achieved by removing the release liner from the surface of the porous cavity 1021. It should be understood that the release liner is not shown in the above figure for better illustration of the porous structure of the cavern.

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a porous support frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the cavity may also include a porous support frame 1022 disposed on the outer surface of the porous cavity 1021. The function of the porous support frame 1022 is to ensure that a cavity is formed inside the frame after the porous cavity 1021 is pushed out.

[0037] In practical applications, a second filter can also be formed on the surface of the porous support frame. This second filter can reduce the likelihood of the medium clogging the porous support frame in the geological environment simulation chamber, while ensuring that fresh water and / or seawater can flow freely.

[0038] Based on this, when release membranes are formed on the surfaces of the porous cavity near each replenishment chamber, as well as at the top and bottom of the cavity, the two controllable permeable isolation components can be adjusted to a permeable state. In this case, the seawater intrusion results can be obtained when the cavity is in its unexcavated state. When the surfaces of the porous cavity near each replenishment chamber, as well as at the top and bottom of the cavity, are exposed, excavation of the cavity can be carried out. Adjusting the two controllable permeable isolation components to a permeable state at this time allows for the acquisition of seawater intrusion results during the excavation process and in the excavated state. Simultaneously, by adjusting the head difference between the freshwater and seawater replenishment chambers, the position of the seawater-freshwater interface under different conditions can be obtained, thereby analyzing its variation patterns.

[0039] In the seawater intrusion visualization device for underground water-sealed caverns provided in this embodiment of the invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, each controllable permeable barrier component includes a porous plate 1032 and a movable baffle 1031 formed on the porous plate 1032. Both the movable baffle 1031 and the porous plate 1032 are located between the supply chamber and the geological environment simulation chamber 106. Therefore, this device can control the movement of fresh water and seawater by adjusting the state of the controllable permeable barrier component, thereby simulating seawater intrusion.

[0040] For example, under the premise that the head of the freshwater supply chamber and the head of the seawater supply chamber are stable, the movable baffle in each controllable permeable isolation component is removed, and the freshwater and seawater will flow through the perforated plate into the geological environment simulation chamber, thereby obtaining the seawater intrusion results in the unexcavated state of the cavern.

[0041] For example, before conducting the next seawater intrusion test, the device can first insert movable baffles into the corresponding supply chambers to reduce the probability of continued seepage of freshwater and seawater, and then drain the freshwater and seawater from the two supply chambers.

[0042] In practical applications, when simulating seawater intrusion using a groundwater-sealed cavern seawater intrusion visualization device, freshwater and / or seawater flowing through the geological environment simulation chamber may carry media (e.g., sand and gravel). To reduce the probability of sand and gravel flowing into the corresponding replenishment chamber along with the freshwater and / or seawater, a first filter screen can be installed in each controllable permeable isolation component. This filter screen can be formed on a porous plate used to support it. The filter screen can be a fiber filter or a metal filter.

[0043] In one alternative approach, such as Figure 1 As shown, the underground water-sealed cavern seawater intrusion visualization device 100 provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes two overflow components. Each overflow component is a height-adjustable overflow plate 107. Each overflow plate 107 is disposed in a corresponding recharge chamber, and each overflow plate 107 divides the corresponding recharge chamber into a first sub-recharge chamber and a second sub-recharge chamber. The first sub-recharge chamber and the second sub-recharge chamber are distributed along a direction close to the geological environment simulation chamber 106. Among them, the first sub-recharge chamber is close to the geological environment simulation chamber 106, and the second sub-recharge chamber is far away from the geological environment simulation chamber 106.

[0044] In practical applications, since the height of the overflow plate is adjustable, when it is placed in the corresponding supply chamber, the fresh water or seawater in the corresponding supply chamber can reach different water heads by adjusting the height of the overflow plate.

[0045] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the underground water-sealed cavern seawater intrusion visualization device 100 provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes a freshwater supply tank 108, a seawater supply tank 109, a freshwater recovery tank 112, and a seawater recovery tank 113. The freshwater supply tank 108 and the seawater supply tank 109 are respectively connected to their corresponding first sub-replenishment chambers. The freshwater recovery tank 112 is connected to two sub-replenishment chambers of the freshwater supply chamber, and the seawater recovery tank 113 is connected to two sub-replenishment chambers of the seawater supply chamber 105. It should be understood that, in order to enhance the visualization effect of seawater intrusion in the underground water-sealed cavern, the materials of the freshwater supply tank 108, the seawater supply tank 109, the freshwater recovery tank 112, and the seawater recovery tank 113 should be transparent sheets, such as plexiglass and / or inorganic glass.

[0046] In specific implementation, such as Figure 1As shown, first, the height of the overflow plate 107 in the freshwater supply chamber 104 is adjusted to a preset position. Then, freshwater is introduced from the freshwater supply tank 108 into the first freshwater sub-supply chamber 1041, which is close to the geological environment simulation chamber 106. When the head of the freshwater entering the first freshwater sub-supply chamber 1041 is higher than the height of the overflow plate 107, the freshwater exceeding the height of the overflow plate 107 will flow along the overflow plate 107 into the second freshwater sub-supply chamber 1042, which is far from the geological environment simulation chamber 106. At this time, the freshwater in either the first freshwater sub-supply chamber 1041 or the second freshwater sub-supply chamber 1042 can be discharged into the freshwater recovery tank 112 until the head of the first freshwater sub-supply chamber 1041 stabilizes. Simultaneously, the height of the overflow plate 107 in the seawater replenishment chamber 105 can be adjusted to a preset position, and then seawater can be introduced from the seawater supply tank 109 into the first seawater replenishment chamber 1051, which is close to the geological environment simulation chamber 106. When the head of the seawater entering the first seawater replenishment chamber 1051 is higher than the height of the overflow plate 107, the seawater exceeding the height of the overflow plate 107 will flow along the overflow plate 107 into the second seawater replenishment chamber 1052, which is far from the geological environment simulation chamber 106. At this time, the seawater in either the first seawater replenishment chamber 1051 or the second seawater replenishment chamber 1052 can be discharged into the seawater recovery tank 113 until the head of the first seawater replenishment chamber 1051 stabilizes. It should be understood that in order to obtain a more stable freshwater head and seawater head, excess freshwater and seawater should be discharged from the corresponding second replenishment chamber into the corresponding recovery tank. Based on this, under the premise that the water head in the freshwater supply chamber and the seawater supply chamber is stable, when the two controllable permeable isolation components are adjusted to a permeable state, freshwater and seawater will flow from the corresponding supply chamber to the geological environment simulation chamber, thereby obtaining the seawater intrusion results when the cavern is in an unexcavated state, the seawater intrusion results when the cavern is in the excavation process, and the seawater intrusion results when the cavern is in the excavated state.

[0047] Figure 4 A top view of a water curtain system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the device also includes a water curtain system for forming a water curtain protection zone. The cavern is located in the water curtain protection zone. The water curtain system includes a horizontal water curtain pipe 110, a vertical water curtain pipe 111, and a water curtain replenishment tank 114 connected to the horizontal water curtain pipe 110 and the vertical water curtain pipe 111. The horizontal water curtain pipe 110 is located above the cavern, and the vertical water curtain pipe 111 is located on the side of the cavern near the seawater supply.

[0048] In practical applications, to ensure water seal conditions, multiple horizontal and vertical water curtain pipes can be installed above the cavern and on the side near the seawater supply. Each horizontal and vertical water curtain pipe has a water curtain orifice section and a non-water curtain orifice section. Freshwater can enter through the non-water curtain orifice section and flow into the cavern through the horizontal and vertical water curtain orifices, respectively, ensuring that the cavern is located under a stable water curtain protection zone. Simultaneously, to investigate the impact of the water curtain system on the effectiveness of seawater intrusion prevention, the opening and closing of the water curtain system and the size of the water curtain can be adjusted to analyze the corresponding seawater intrusion results.

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the pressure measuring hole distribution provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a pressure measuring tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the underground water-sealed cavern seawater intrusion visualization device 100 provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes at least one pressure measuring pipe 116. At least one pressure measuring hole 115 is provided on the side wall of the housing 101 near the geological environment simulation chamber 106, and each pressure measuring pipe 116 is connected to the corresponding pressure measuring hole 115.

[0050] For example, multiple pressure measuring holes can be opened on the side wall of the enclosure near the geological environment simulation chamber, and these holes can be evenly arranged in a 5×3 matrix. At the same time, the pressure at the pressure measuring hole can be measured through the pressure measuring pipe connected to the corresponding pressure measuring hole.

[0051] It should be understood that the size of the visualization device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns provided in this embodiment of the invention can be obtained by scaling down the actual size of a specific model by the same proportion. Its specific dimensions, such as the source of the material, thickness, pore size, and other parameters, can be adjusted according to actual conditions, as long as they can achieve the visualization simulation of seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns; no limitations are imposed here.

[0052] For example, the actual size of a specific model of an underground water-sealed cavern and water curtain system was reduced by 200 times. Table 1 shows the comparison results between the actual size and the experimental size of the specific model.

[0053] Table 1

[0054]

[0055] Specifically, the enclosure is made of 1cm thick acrylic sheet. The overall dimensions of the freshwater and seawater replenishment chambers are 20cm long, 10cm wide, and 75cm high. The geological environment simulation chamber is 150cm long, 10cm wide, and 75cm high. The cavern is 11cm long, 10cm wide, and 15cm high. The inner diameter of the horizontal and vertical water curtain pipes is 0.05cm. The water curtain hole section of the horizontal water curtain pipe is 21cm long, and the non-water curtain hole section is 30cm long. The horizontal water curtain hole extends 5cm beyond the outer wall of the cavern and is 12.5cm higher than the upper surface of the cavern. The vertical water curtain pipe is 60cm long, with a water curtain hole section of 30cm and a non-water curtain hole section of 30cm. The vertical water curtain hole is 5cm higher than the upper surface of the cavern and 10cm lower than the bottom surface of the cavern. The distance from the cavern to the first freshwater supply chamber is 39cm, the distance from the cavern to the first seawater supply chamber is 100cm, and the distance from the cavern to the vertical water curtain hole is 25cm.

[0056] The first and second sub-supply rooms are 10cm long, 10cm wide, and 75cm high;

[0057] The perforated sheets are all made of 0.5cm thick acrylic sheets, with small holes of 0.25cm radius drilled evenly in the center of the sheet surface. The distance between the top and bottom holes is 3cm, and the distance between the left and right holes is 1cm. The perforated sheets are 8cm wide and 74cm high.

[0058] The overflow plate between chamber A and chamber B is an acrylic plate with a thickness of 0.5cm, a width of 8cm, and a height that can vary arbitrarily between 30-70cm;

[0059] The length of the seawater and freshwater tanks is 30cm, the width is 30cm, and the height is 40cm.

[0060] The seawater and freshwater recycling tank is 20cm long, 20cm wide, and 30cm high.

[0061] The water curtain replenishment tank is 20cm long, 20cm wide, and 60cm high.

[0062] This invention also provides a method for visually monitoring seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns. The method uses the aforementioned visual device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns to monitor the results of simulated seawater intrusion during the excavation and operation of the underground water-sealed caverns. Figure 7 A flowchart of the visual monitoring method for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0063] like Figure 7 As shown, the visual monitoring method for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns includes:

[0064] Step 701: When each controllable permeable isolation component is in a permeable state, control the freshwater supply chamber to provide simulated freshwater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component, and control the seawater supply chamber to provide simulated seawater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component, so that the simulated freshwater and simulated seawater simulate the seawater intrusion scenario of the cavern in the excavation state in the geological environment simulation chamber.

[0065] For example, before simulating a seawater intrusion scenario, the prepared medium (e.g., quartz sand) should be evenly placed in the geological environment simulation chamber and compacted with a flat plate to make it as dense as possible to approximate the actual aquifer state in the field. The thickness of the medium layer should be 60cm to 70cm. Under the premise that the freshwater head in the freshwater recharge chamber is stable, when each controllable permeable isolation component is in a permeable state, the freshwater is controlled to sequentially pass through the controllable permeable isolation component and the geological environment simulation chamber into the seawater recharge chamber. Timing begins when a water film appears at the bottom of the seawater recharge chamber. The recharge time parameter of the freshwater in the seawater recharge chamber and the capacity parameter of the freshwater in the seawater recharge chamber under that recharge time parameter are obtained. Based on the dimensions of the chamber, the freshwater head, the recharge time parameter of the freshwater in the seawater recharge chamber, and the capacity parameter of the freshwater in the seawater recharge chamber, Darcy's law is used to determine the permeability coefficient of the geological environment simulation chamber. When the controllable permeable isolation component near the seawater recharge chamber is in a closed state, the freshwater in the seawater recharge chamber is controlled to be discharged from the seawater recharge chamber.

[0066] For example, under the premise that the freshwater head in the freshwater supply chamber and the seawater head in the seawater supply chamber are stabilized at the first preset head and the second preset head respectively, the freshwater supply chamber is controlled to provide simulated freshwater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component, and the seawater supply chamber is controlled to provide simulated seawater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component. At this time, the simulated freshwater and simulated seawater in the geological environment simulation chamber can be used to simulate the seawater intrusion scenario in the unexcavated state of the simulated cavern.

[0067] If the cavern is multi-layered, the excavation stage begins when the acrylic double-sided tape adhering to the cavern surface is removed (i.e., the release liner is peeled off), and the cavern is pushed out layer by layer. Once the cavern has been pushed out, it is considered either excavated or operational. A water tank is then placed directly beneath the cavern to measure the amount of water seeping from its porous structure. A water curtain control system provides a water curtain protection zone for the operational cavern, which is located within this protected area.

[0068] Therefore, in simulating seawater intrusion scenarios, what is actually obtained are simulated freshwater and simulated seawater in the geological environment simulation chamber under excavation conditions, and simulated freshwater and simulated seawater in the geological environment simulation chamber under operational conditions. It should be understood that, to make the contrast between seawater and freshwater more pronounced, dyed seawater can be used as the simulated seawater.

[0069] Step 702: Obtain images of the contact interface between simulated freshwater and simulated seawater in the geological environment simulation chamber and water environment monitoring information in the geological environment simulation chamber.

[0070] For example, the initial time for the freshwater and / or seawater supply chambers to provide simulated freshwater and / or seawater to the geological environment simulation chamber through corresponding controllable permeable isolation components is obtained. Every 10-15 minutes, the specific location of the intrusion saline-freshwater boundary is marked on the chamber with a marker. Images of the contact interface between simulated freshwater and simulated seawater in the geological environment simulation chamber are captured by a camera, and the pressure and concentration at any fixed location are measured until monitoring ends. In practical applications, the overall trend of seawater intrusion can be analyzed based on the saline concentration at fixed locations.

[0071] For example, after the monitoring is completed, the head difference between fresh water and seawater can be changed by adjusting the height of the overflow plate, and then each controllable permeable isolation component can be adjusted to a permeable state to repeat the above experiment.

[0072] This invention also provides a visual monitoring device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns, applied to the aforementioned visual monitoring method for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns. The device includes:

[0073] The control module is used to control the freshwater supply chamber to provide simulated freshwater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component when each controllable permeable isolation component is in a permeable state, and to control the seawater supply chamber to provide simulated seawater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component, so that the simulated freshwater and the simulated seawater simulate the seawater intrusion scenario of the cavern in the excavation and operation states in the geological environment simulation chamber;

[0074] The acquisition module is used to acquire images of the contact interface between the simulated freshwater and the simulated seawater in the geological environment simulation chamber and water environment monitoring information in the geological environment simulation chamber.

[0075] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0076] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0077] The above description does not provide detailed explanations of the technical aspects of each layer's patterning, etching, etc. However, those skilled in the art should understand that various technical means can be used to form layers and regions of the desired shape. Furthermore, to form the same structure, those skilled in the art can also design methods that are not entirely identical to those described above. Additionally, although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination.

[0078] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, these embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Various substitutions and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A visualization device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns, characterized in that, include: The enclosure, the chamber, and two controllable permeable isolation components located within the enclosure; Two controllable permeable isolation components divide the internal space of the enclosure into two supply chambers and a geological environment simulation chamber located between the two supply chambers. The cavern is located within the geological environment simulation chamber. The two supply chambers include a freshwater supply chamber for supplying fresh water and a seawater supply chamber for supplying seawater. The cavern includes a porous cavity and a release membrane. The cavern also includes a porous support frame disposed on the outer surface of the porous cavity, with a cavity between the porous support frame and the porous cavity. The cavern also includes a second filter screen formed on the surface of the porous support frame. The device further includes a water curtain system for forming a water curtain protection zone. The cavern is located in the water curtain protection zone, and the second filter screen is formed on the surface of the cavern. The water curtain system includes a horizontal water curtain pipe, a vertical water curtain pipe, and a water tank communicating with the horizontal and vertical water curtain pipes. The horizontal water curtain pipe is located above the cavern, and the vertical water curtain pipe is located on the side of the cavern near the seawater supply. When the cavity is in an unexcavated state, the release liner is formed on the surface of the porous cavity near each of the supply chambers and at the top and bottom of the porous cavity. When the cavern is in an excavated state, the surface of the porous cavern near each of the supply chambers and the top and bottom of the porous cavern are exposed.

2. The visualization device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the controllable permeable isolation components includes a porous plate and a movable baffle formed on the porous plate, both of which are located between the supply chamber and the geological environment simulation chamber.

3. The visualization device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the controllable permeable barrier components further includes a first filter screen formed on the porous plate.

4. The visualization device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes two overflow components, each of which is a height-adjustable overflow plate. Each overflow plate is located in a corresponding supply chamber, and each overflow plate divides the corresponding supply chamber into a first sub-supply chamber and a second sub-supply chamber. The first sub-supply room and the second sub-supply room are distributed along the direction close to the geological environment simulation room, with the first sub-supply room close to the geological environment simulation room and the second sub-supply room far away from the geological environment simulation room; the device also includes a freshwater supply tank and a seawater supply tank, which are respectively connected to the corresponding first sub-supply room.

5. The visualization device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The cavern also includes a second filter screen, which is formed on the surface of the porous cavern near each of the supply chambers and the water curtain system; The device also includes at least one pressure measuring tube, and at least one pressure measuring hole is provided on the side wall of the box near the geological environment simulation chamber, with each pressure measuring tube connected to the corresponding pressure measuring hole.

6. The visualization device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The device also includes a freshwater recovery tank and a seawater recovery tank, the freshwater recovery tank being connected to the freshwater replenishment chamber and the seawater recovery tank being connected to the seawater replenishment chamber.

7. A method for visually monitoring seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns, characterized in that, The method applied to the seawater intrusion visualization device for underground water-sealed caverns according to any one of claims 1 to 6 includes: When each controllable permeable isolation component is in a permeable state, the freshwater supply chamber is controlled to provide simulated freshwater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component, and the seawater supply chamber is controlled to provide simulated seawater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component, so that the simulated freshwater and the simulated seawater simulate the seawater intrusion scenario of the cavern during the excavation process and the excavated state in the geological environment simulation chamber; Obtain images of the contact interface between the simulated freshwater and the simulated seawater in the geological environment simulation chamber, as well as water environment monitoring information in the geological environment simulation chamber.

8. The method for visual monitoring of seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the freshwater head in the freshwater supply chamber is stable, and each controllable permeable isolation component is in a permeable state, the freshwater is controlled to pass sequentially through the controllable permeable isolation component and the geological environment simulation chamber into the seawater supply chamber. Obtain the freshwater replenishment time parameter and the freshwater capacity parameter in the seawater replenishment chamber; Based on the dimensions of the tank, the freshwater head, the freshwater replenishment time, and the freshwater capacity in the seawater replenishment chamber, the permeability coefficient of the geological environment simulation chamber is determined.

9. The method for visual monitoring of seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the controllable permeable isolation component near the seawater replenishment chamber is in the closed state, the fresh water in the seawater replenishment chamber is controlled to be discharged from the seawater replenishment chamber.

10. The method for visual monitoring of seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: The water curtain system is controlled to provide a water curtain protection zone for a cavern that is already in the excavated state, and the cavern is located in the water curtain protection zone.

11. The method for visual monitoring of seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns according to claim 7, characterized in that, When each controllable permeable isolation component is in a permeable state, the freshwater supply chamber is controlled to provide simulated freshwater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component, and the seawater supply chamber is controlled to provide simulated seawater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component, so that the simulated freshwater and the simulated seawater simulate the seawater intrusion scenario of the cavern in a non-excavation state in the geological environment simulation chamber.

12. A visual monitoring device for seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns, characterized in that, The device for visualizing seawater intrusion in underground water-sealed caverns according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the device comprising: The control module is used to control the freshwater supply chamber to provide simulated freshwater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component when each controllable permeable isolation component is in a permeable state, and to control the seawater supply chamber to provide simulated seawater to the geological environment simulation chamber through the corresponding controllable permeable isolation component, so that the simulated freshwater and the simulated seawater simulate the seawater intrusion scenario of the cavern during the excavation process and the excavated state in the geological environment simulation chamber; The acquisition module is used to acquire images of the contact interface between the simulated freshwater and the simulated seawater in the geological environment simulation chamber and water environment monitoring information in the geological environment simulation chamber.

Images