A Design Method and Device for an Agricultural Cultural Heritage Landscape Spatial Database

Abstract

The present invention discloses a design method and device for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database. The method includes the steps of: adopting an object-oriented landscape gene classification mode to define multiple landscape categories and category elements under each landscape category; dividing the agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into spatial data and non-spatial data, and defining corresponding data storage types; digitizing various category elements; establishing an E-R diagram; establishing multiple database layers representing spatial data; constructing a physical model of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database, and its data layer is provided with a basic ground object information database and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape special database. The present invention can solve the problems existing in the prior art, such as the inability to conduct systematic dynamic monitoring and management, data systematic analysis, scientific planning and design, etc. for agricultural heritage landscapes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and particularly to a design method and device for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database. Background Art

[0002] Agricultural cultural heritage records the exploration process of different civilizational stages of humanity. Effectively protecting agricultural cultural heritage can better explore the value of traditional agriculture, expand diverse agricultural functions, and promote ecological protection, cultural inheritance, and economic development in agricultural cultural heritage areas. In the context of the digital development era, the in-depth penetration and wide application of information technology have become the trend of the times. Digital protection is a new opportunity for the development of agricultural cultural heritage protection, enabling scientific and effective decision-making programs, systematic standard management, interdisciplinary research, and highly interactive public promotion, etc.

[0003] Currently, the spatial information system of agricultural heritage is huge, and the data is complex and scattered. There is a lack of a special portal website for agricultural heritage landscape spatial information, so that it is impossible to conduct systematic dynamic monitoring and management, systematic data analysis, scientific planning and design, and effective protection and publicity of agricultural heritage landscapes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical Objectives: Aiming at the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a design method and device for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database, which can solve the problems in the prior art such as the inability to conduct systematic dynamic monitoring and management, systematic data analysis, and scientific planning and design of agricultural heritage landscapes.

[0005] Technical Solutions: To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A design method for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database, characterized by including the steps of:

[0007] S1. According to the attribute characteristics of agricultural heritage landscapes, adopting an object-oriented landscape gene classification model, defining multiple landscape categories and the category elements under each landscape category. The landscape categories include basic geographic information, natural ecological landscape categories, agricultural production landscape categories, humanistic economic landscape categories, and traditional village landscape categories;

[0008] S2. Dividing agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into spatial data and non-spatial data. The non-spatial data includes attribute data, text materials, and image and audio-visual data, and defining the corresponding data storage types;

[0009] S3. Digitally process various category elements under each landscape category in step S1, including defining the element data under various category elements, confirming the data sources of the element data, and determining the data storage types of various element data according to the data storage type definition method in step S2;

[0010] S4. Establish an E-R diagram based on the landscape categories defined in step S1 and the various element data and their data storage formats determined in step S3;

[0011] S5. According to the E-R diagram, establish multiple database layers representing spatial data. The database layers include a basic ground object information database layer corresponding to the E-R diagram structure and a special topic data sub-library layer for agricultural cultural heritage landscapes; the attribute data is attached to the spatial data in the form of a data attribute table, and the text materials and image and audio-visual data are linked to the attribute data table through metadata codes; the database layers, data attribute tables, metadata codes, and their link relationships constitute the logical structure of the spatial database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes;

[0012] S6. According to the logical structure of the spatial database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes obtained in step S5, construct a physical model of the spatial database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes, including a standard layer, a data layer, a management layer, a business layer, a presentation layer, and a service layer;

[0013] The data layer includes a basic ground object information database based on GIS technology and a special topic database for agricultural cultural heritage landscapes, corresponding to the basic ground object information database layer and the special topic data sub-library layer for agricultural cultural heritage landscapes respectively.

[0014] Preferably, in step S2, the data storage types of spatial data include point entities, line entities, surface entities, and raster data, the data storage type of attribute data is object class data, the data storage type of text materials is text class data, and the data storage types of image and audio-visual data are image class data, audio-visual class data, and website link data.

[0015] Preferably, in step S5, there are several element layers on the database layer, and each element layer defines a corresponding layer code, layer name, and geometric type. Among them, the structure of the layer code includes: the name of the agricultural cultural heritage site, the area code, the data type indicating the database layer where it is located, the data element, and the reserved code. The data element includes the abbreviation of the element data, the time, and the element type represented by letters.

[0016] Preferably, in step S5, the data attribute table has the following items: serial number, field name, information description, field type, field length, dimension, and default value. The field name is set as the Chinese abbreviation of the field information.

[0017] Preferably, in the step S6, the standard layer mainly includes the construction standards for the agricultural heritage landscape database, the graphic and element classification standards, the element coding standards, the database interface standards, the WMS or WFS standards, and the database construction network protocol standards;

[0018] The database interface standards are divided into the government data management input interface, the scientific research personnel data input interface, and the ordinary user audio-visual data input interface;

[0019] The WMS or WFS standards are used for data sharing and data operations at the geographical element level. Through the WFS service, users can operate on individual geographical elements, including data editing, deletion, and addition.

[0020] Preferably, in the step S6, the management layer is provided with an ArcSDE module and an SQL Server module, the business layer is provided with a Web server and a GIS application server, and the GIS application server is configured with ArcGIS Server;

[0021] The ArcGIS Server connects to the data layer through ArcSDE, obtains spatial data and converts it into the required spatial services, and queries the data layer through SQL Server and provides data to the Web server.

[0022] Preferably, in the step S6, the presentation layer is provided with a UI access interface, and the UI access interface is provided with a management and editing module, a query and retrieval module, a statistical analysis module, an analysis and decision-making module, and a data visualization module.

[0023] Preferably, in the step S6, the service layer is provided with a decision-making client for agricultural cultural heritage landscape management, a monitoring and analysis client, a planning and design client, and a resident and tourist client.

[0024] Preferably, after the database is constructed, the data is imported in the following manner:

[0025] Use web crawler technology to crawl the POIs of all natural ecological scenic spot locations, import them into the database, fill in the attribute table fields of geological landscapes, ecological landscapes, and meteorological landscapes, encode and number the picture or text information of non-attribute data, and spatially process the natural ecological landscapes;

[0026] Spatially process all the positioning information and attribute information of the humanistic and economic landscapes, and perform format conversion and visualization of some files using the point data type; except for the attribute table, for the humanistic and economic landscape materials represented by text materials, picture materials, and video materials, attach them to the attribute table through the attachment number and call them through the SQL Sever database.

[0027] A design device for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database, characterized by comprising:

[0028] A landscape data definition module, which is used to define multiple landscape categories and the category elements under each landscape category according to the attribute characteristics of the agricultural heritage landscape, adopting an object-oriented landscape gene classification mode. The landscape categories include basic geographical information, natural ecological landscape category, agricultural production landscape category, humanistic economic landscape category, and traditional village landscape category;

[0029] A data storage format definition module, which is used to divide the agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into spatial data and non-spatial data. The non-spatial data includes attribute data, text materials, and image and audio-visual data, and defines the corresponding data storage types;

[0030] A digital processing module, which is used to digitally process various category elements under each landscape category, including defining the element data under various category elements, confirming the data sources of the element data, and determining the data storage types of various element data according to the definition method of the data storage type;

[0031] An E-R diagram establishment module, which is used to establish an E-R diagram according to the landscape categories defined by the landscape data definition module, and the various element data and their data storage formats determined by the digital processing module;

[0032] A logical structure establishment module, which is used to establish multiple database layers representing spatial data according to the E-R diagram. The database layers include a basic ground object information database layer corresponding to the E-R diagram structure and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape special data sub-library layer; the attribute data is attached to the spatial data in the form of a data attribute table, and the text materials and image and audio-visual data are linked to the attribute data table through metadata codes; the database layers, data attribute tables, metadata codes, and their link relationships constitute the spatial database logical structure of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape;

[0033] A database establishment module, which is used to construct a physical model of the spatial database of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape according to the spatial database logical structure of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape obtained by the logical structure establishment module, including a standard layer, a data layer, a management layer, a business layer, a presentation layer, and a service layer; the data layer includes a basic ground object information database based on GIS technology and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape special database, corresponding to the basic ground object information database layer and the agricultural cultural heritage landscape special data sub-library layer respectively.

[0034] Beneficial effects: Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The present invention conducts the conceptual structure design, logical structure design, and physical structure design of the spatial database according to the data base construction requirements and construction principles of the agricultural heritage landscape, completes the conceptual model design of the spatial database, layer classification, data coding, attribute table structure design, connection logic relationship design between spatial information and attribute tables, and the overall physical system architecture, and elaborates on the construction methods and related technologies of the standard layer, data layer, management layer, business layer, presentation layer, and service layer of the agricultural heritage landscape spatial database. By leveraging the data management advantages of the spatial database, it integrates the comprehensive information of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape and realizes the comprehensive management and dynamic update of the multi-source data of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the classification system of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape introduced in Embodiment 1;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the conceptual structure design of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the database layer structure in Embodiment 1;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the data coding format in Embodiment 1;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the database system structure design in Embodiment 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] This embodiment proposes a design method for the agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database, including the steps:

[0043] S1. According to the attribute characteristics of the agricultural heritage landscape, adopt an object-oriented landscape gene classification model to define multiple landscape categories and the category elements under each landscape category. The landscape categories include basic geographical information, natural ecological landscape category, agricultural production landscape category, human economic landscape category, and traditional village landscape category;

[0044] S2. Divide the agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into spatial data and non-spatial data. The non-spatial data includes attribute data, text materials, and image and audio-visual data, and define the corresponding data storage types;

[0045] S3. Digitally process the various category elements under each landscape category in step S1, including defining the element data under various category elements, confirming the data sources of the element data, and determining the data storage types of various element data according to the data storage type definition method in step S2;

[0046] S4. Establish an E-R diagram according to the landscape categories defined in step S1, as well as the various element data and their data storage formats determined in step S3;

[0047] S5. According to the E-R diagram, establish multiple database layers representing spatial data. The database layers include a basic ground feature information database layer corresponding to the E-R diagram structure and a special topic data sub-library layer for agricultural cultural heritage landscapes; the attribute data is attached to the spatial data in the form of a data attribute table, and the text materials and image and audio-visual data are linked to the attribute data table through metadata codes; the database layers, data attribute tables, metadata codes and their link relationships constitute the logical structure of the spatial database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes;

[0048] S6. According to the logical structure of the spatial database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes obtained in step S5, construct a physical model of the spatial database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes, including a standard layer, a data layer, a management layer, a business layer, a presentation layer and a service layer;

[0049] The data layer includes a basic ground feature information database based on GIS technology and a special topic database for agricultural cultural heritage landscapes, corresponding to the basic ground feature information database layer and the special topic data sub-library layer for agricultural cultural heritage landscapes respectively.

[0050] The following combines Figures 1 to 5 Examples to introduce the solution of the present invention in detail.

[0051] 1. Classification system of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes

[0052] The landscapes of agricultural cultural heritage (hereinafter simply referred to as agricultural heritage in many places) have obvious regional differences, which are determined by the internal differences between regional nature and culture. There are internal association characteristics among the agricultural heritage landscape units in the same region, and there are many similarities between these characteristics and the object-oriented analysis method.

[0053] According to the logical classification mode of landscape genes, combined with the practice of constructing the spatial database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes and the object-oriented method, the present invention adopts an object-oriented landscape gene classification mode (Object-Oriented Classification Pattern for Landscape’s Genes), which is highly operable, has clear ideas and is easy to realize process identification in combination with GIS spatial database software (Hu Zui et al., 2015). Taking the agricultural cultural heritage landscape as an object, based on the differences and common connections among the six major attribute characteristics of its regional authenticity, natural ecology, complex system, dynamic process, human history and sustainable adaptability, establish the agricultural heritage landscape categories and classification systems, as Figure 1 shown.

[0054] 2. Digitalization of Classification Elements of Agricultural Cultural Heritage Landscapes

[0055] Based on the content of the classification system of comprehensive agricultural cultural heritage landscapes, the data storage types are mainly divided into spatial data and non-spatial data. Spatial data is used to describe the ground features related to spatial positions in agricultural cultural heritage sites, including vector data and raster data. Vector data is the geographical spatial entities such as farmlands, roads, buildings, and ruins in the heritage site generated through surveying and mapping or digitization, which are divided into three categories: "points", "lines", and "planes". Raster data consists of high-resolution remote sensing images and DEM data. The spatial data content of agricultural cultural heritage includes the basic geographical data of the heritage site and the spatial positioning data (POI) of agricultural heritage landscapes.

[0056] Non-spatial data includes attribute data, agricultural heritage text materials, and image and audio-visual data of each landscape element. Attribute data is the descriptive data corresponding to spatial data, that is, "object class" data, such as geographical information, background environment information, physical information, and historical information of agricultural heritage landscapes like cultivated land area and road names, and data codes need to be edited for each piece of attribute data. The geographical location of attribute data connects to spatial data, and the coding is the link connecting it to text materials and multimedia files.

[0057] The following takes Figure 1 the landscape categories of "basic geographical information" and "humanistic and economic landscape categories" in

[0058] (1) Basic Geographical Information

[0059] The geographical location of the agricultural cultural heritage system, that is, the basic geographical information, determines the regional authenticity of agricultural heritage landscapes, mainly including spatial position and regional unit content, as shown in Table 1. The spatial position is composed of administrative region boundaries and the longitude and latitude range of the heritage site. The agricultural landscape regional unit mainly includes its boundary range, road traffic, and high-resolution remote sensing images and historical remote sensing image data covering the entire heritage site.

[0060] Table 1: Data of Basic Geographical Information Elements of Agricultural Cultural Heritage Landscapes

[0061]

[0062] (2) Humanistic and Economic Landscape Categories

[0063] Agricultural cultural heritage landscapes can be divided into material and intangible parts, and the humanistic and economic landscapes are the carriers of their intangible parts. Population and economic dynamics are the basic information of humanistic economy. As shown in Table 2, they mainly include basic population data, tourism and tertiary industry economic data, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery economic data, and financial data for the protection of agricultural cultural heritage sites. This type of data is of great significance for the protection and development of agricultural heritage landscapes. It mainly comes from the statistical yearbooks of local governments in heritage sites and is stored in the form of "object classes". The main body of humanistic landscapes is divided into the religious beliefs, local spirits, and cultural custom systems of the indigenous people in heritage sites. This type of data not only uses object classes with pictures and texts, image, audio and video data, but also displays the relevant geographical spatial positions through vector point entities, realizing the link between non-spatial data and spatial data, facilitating the analysis of the spatial pattern of humanistic landscapes at the research level in the spatial database of agricultural heritage landscapes and the query of cultural experiences and personalized tour route services at the tourism promotion level.

[0064] Table 2 Data of Elements of Humanistic and Economic Landscapes in Agricultural Cultural Heritage Landscapes

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] 3. Logical Structure Design of the Spatial Database of Agricultural Cultural Heritage Landscapes

[0068] (1). Construct an E-R diagram

[0069] The types of agricultural heritage landscapes are complex, and it is an organic whole that cannot be disassembled individually. Therefore, it is necessary to design a standardized coding for the classification system information of agricultural heritage landscapes according to certain specifications and classification criteria. Scientific and digital information coding can better record the information of agricultural heritage landscape elements on the spatial database platform, facilitating subsequent management and loading operations. The conceptual structure design of the spatial database is to classify and organize the data collected in the requirements analysis stage using an abstract mechanism, form entity sets and attribute sets, determine entity types and relationships between entities, and then design an entity relationship model (Entity Relationship Diagram, abbreviated as E-R diagram). This is the most critical step in database design.

[0070] In accordance with the storage format of the data of agricultural heritage landscape elements, the present invention summarizes some thematic data such as agricultural resources, topography, landscape pattern, and social economy, and basic geographic information to form a basic ground object information database. Other landscape thematic data are classified and graded to form a thematic database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes. Based on the sorted landscape data information, the E-R diagram is extracted and drawn, as Figure 2 shown.

[0071] (2). Logical Structure Design of the Spatial Database of Agricultural Cultural Heritage Landscapes

[0072] The logical model structure design can convert the conceptual model into a data model supported by the database management system, including two parts: data classification and coding, and database table structure design.

[0073] Data classification and coding:

[0074] The spatial information of agricultural heritage landscapes is highly complex. Differentiating elements with different attributes or characteristics is beneficial for logically organizing spatial data into different information layers, facilitating data management, as well as rapid retrieval and analysis of data. According to the conceptual model, the database is divided into the Figure 3 structure shown in the figure.

[0075] Due to the vast amount of agricultural heritage information, for the convenience of users and the rapid operation of computers, the coding form of this database adopts a combination of numbers and letters. The layer coding of the database spatial elements consists of five parts, as Figure 4 shown, with the structure being the name of the agricultural cultural heritage site + regional code + data type + data element + reserved code, where:

[0076] The first part is the number of the cultural heritage site name in the research area (Appendix A);

[0077] The second part represents the regional code, which is the six-digit administrative region code where the agricultural cultural heritage site is located;

[0078] The third part represents the data type, differentiating basic ground object information and thematic information of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes;

[0079] The first two digits of the fourth part represent the abbreviation of the data element, the number represents the time period of the layer information, and the last letter represents the type characteristic of the data element. "P" represents "point", "L" represents "line", "A" represents "area", and "T" represents raster data.

[0080] Figure 3 The layers shown are all the spatial information of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database. Other non-spatial information is attached to the spatial information in the form of data attribute tables, including twelve non-spatial data attribute tables such as the geological landscape attribute table, hydrological landscape attribute table, ecological landscape attribute table, meteorological landscape attribute table, characteristic agricultural product layout attribute table, leisure agricultural service facility attribute table, agricultural cultural activity distribution attribute table, intangible cultural heritage attribute table, traditional village attribute table, historical residential building attribute table, site and relic attribute table, and ancient and famous tree attribute table.

[0081] Database attribute table structure design:

[0082] After determining the name, code, and feature type of the feature layer, all possible fields covered by each feature attribute table are designed based on the characteristics of the basic data collected and sorted in the early stage and the user requirements. After the information is entered, the attribute table will be stored in the database together with the spatial data. Due to the complexity of the agricultural heritage landscape data, some field contents will be added or deleted according to application needs during the later statistical, analysis, or comprehensive evaluation processes, that is, the part with a default value of "Yes".

[0083] Taking "administrative division" as an example, the following gives an example of the attribute table structure.

[0084] Since the geographical scope covered by the agricultural heritage landscape is generally at the township level or natural village level, and the information focuses related to the agricultural heritage are different at different levels, it is divided into the administrative division township-level attribute table (Table 3) and the administrative division village-level attribute table. At the same time, for the convenience of the data code operation of the later Web GIS network information release, all field names are Chinese abbreviations of the field information.

[0085] Table 3: Administrative Division Township-Level Attribute Table

[0086]

[0087] In addition to spatial data and attribute data, the agricultural heritage landscape also has a large amount of text and graphic image data. These data are linked to the attribute data table through metadata codes to realize the association of text, images, audio, video, and online maps, meet the query and use of data, and enhance the intuitiveness and diversity of data.

[0088] The logical relationship diagram among all information data in the agricultural heritage landscape spatial database is not shown in the attached figure. On the diagram, "rectangles" can be used to represent entity data, gray "elliptical rectangles" represent attribute data, and dashed "elliptical rectangles" represent attachments such as pictures, texts, audio, and video attached to the attribute data. A single solid line is used to represent the object relationship between the two, which can be one-to-one (1:1) or one-to-many (1:N), and a solid arrow represents the generation relationship between data, etc.

[0089] 4. Physical Model Design of the Agricultural Cultural Heritage Landscape Spatial Database

[0090] The agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database integrates front-end technology and back-end management and is an information data platform serving various ports for the protection and sustainable development of agricultural cultural heritage. The entire physical model framework system is divided into six independent modules that are independent of each other but have a supporting relationship. From the back-end to the front-end, they are the spatial information standard layer, spatial information data layer, spatial information management layer, spatial information business layer, spatial information presentation layer, and spatial information service layer, as Figure 5 shown.

[0091] (1). Database Standard Layer

[0092] The agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database requires interdisciplinary applications and multi-industry services, and relevant norms and indicators within each field need to be considered. This layer architecture mainly includes the database construction standards for agricultural heritage landscapes, the graphic and element classification standards, the element coding standards, the database interface standards, the WMS / WFS standards, and the network protocol standards for database construction. The first three have been introduced in detail above and will not be elaborated further. The database interface standards need to specifically consider data from multiple data sources, which are divided into the government data management input interface, the researcher data input interface, and the ordinary user audio-visual data input interface. The WMS / WFS standards are based on data sharing and data operations at the geographical element level. Through the WFS service, users can perform data operations such as editing, deleting, and adding individual geographical elements.

[0093] (2), Database data layer

[0094] The data layer is the foundation and core of the entire system platform. The agricultural heritage landscape data layer is an agricultural heritage landscape spatial information database established on the basis of the data standard layer, which realizes the integration and unified processing of various categories, different stages of time, various resolutions, and multi-source information data in the heritage area. This data layer consists of the basic ground object information database of agricultural cultural heritage sites and the thematic information database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes mainly based on GIS technology, which are interrelated with each other.

[0095] (3), Database management layer

[0096] The data management layer is equivalent to the background management system of the database and is a model serving the agricultural heritage landscape information system. Its design goal is to combine the data between different levels in the system and be able to update, define, maintain, and change the database information at any time. The management of the agricultural heritage landscape spatial database is based on the data layer, and ArcSDE and SQL Server are used to retrieve and convert data, including spatial data, attribute data, and thematic data. The spatial data is obtained by ArcGIS Server connecting to the database through ArcSDE and converted into the required spatial services. The attribute data and thematic data, etc., query data from the relational database SQL Server through JDBC (Java Data Base Connectivity) technology and provide data to the Web server.

[0097] (4), Database business layer

[0098] The business layer mainly plays the role of connecting the data layer and the presentation layer and is jointly composed of a Web server and a GIS application server. The two achieve data transmission through XML format data streams. ArcGIS Server 10.5 provides GIS access services and spatial data analysis functions.

[0099] (5), Database Presentation Layer

[0100] The presentation layer is the front end of the system, which implements the system functions. Based on the Vue front-end framework and Element-UI, the specific UI access interface of the system is implemented, and the front-end business logic control is realized through JavaScript scripts (Chen Mingzheng et al., 2020). Through the use of the system, users send requests for different functions to the business layer, such as calculation projects like map visualization, tour route planning, layer overlay, landscape consultation retrieval, etc. After being processed by the business layer, the results are fed back to the user side.

[0101] (6), Database Service Layer

[0102] The service layer targets the target needs of the service population of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database.

[0103] First, for the landscape management decision-making user side of the agricultural heritage protection responsible unit department, the A / S mode is adopted. Government departments can timely master relevant decision-making supervision information data, understand the comprehensive dynamics of agricultural cultural heritage through this data, and can obtain the comprehensive results obtained from the summary of opinions of other relevant parties.

[0104] Second, for the agricultural heritage landscape monitoring and analysis user side of scientific research personnel, the B / S mode is adopted. This mode has flexible and advanced data processing and auxiliary decision-making functions, which is conducive to scientific research personnel to conduct comprehensive systematic dynamic monitoring and diachronic and synchronic analysis of agricultural heritage landscapes.

[0105] Third, for the agricultural heritage landscape planning and design user side, the C / S mode is adopted. Through the spatial analysis and layer overlay functions of the database and technical carriers, scientific tourism planning and related landscape design can be carried out, etc., to promote the orderly development of agricultural heritage landscapes. Finally, for the residents and tourists of agricultural cultural heritage sites, the D / S mode is adopted. With the help of Web online services, they can independently query or plan tour routes, enhance the knowledge reserve and protection concept of agricultural cultural heritage, and enhance the interaction between agricultural cultural heritage and the general public.

[0106] Taking the tea-fruit complex system in a certain area as an example, the above method can be used for the design of its agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database. First, systematic and comprehensive information collection is carried out, and the landscape data of different classifications and types are detailedly recorded. Then, the collected information is stored in the database according to types, forming a multi-level landscape space database. The steps include:

[0107] (1) Data Collection and Processing

[0108] The data collection and processing process is the process of digitizing the agricultural cultural heritage landscape information, which is the core part of the agricultural heritage landscape spatial database. It is necessary to process the vector graphics information and satellite image data related to the heritage site, summarize and organize the graphic files, and vectorize the graphics, diagram the text, and spatialize the geographical location points.

[0109] (2) Data storage and database network information release

[0110] After completing the collection and spatial processing of all data information on the agricultural cultural heritage landscape, the processed vector and raster layers will be stored in the agricultural cultural heritage basic land feature information database and the agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database respectively according to the agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database construction standards, coding standards, conceptual framework design, and logical structure design.

[0111] The data includes natural ecological landscape information and humanistic and economic landscape information. After determining all the geographical locations of natural ecological landscapes, the POIs of all natural ecological landscape locations are crawled using web crawler technology, imported into the database, and the attribute table fields of geological landscapes, ecological landscapes, and meteorological landscapes are filled in. The image or text information of non-attribute data is coded and numbered to spatialize the natural ecological landscape. Then, based on this spatial database, the network information of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes is published to support user services in different fields and at different levels. All positioning information and attribute information of humanistic and economic landscapes are spatialized, and point data (Point Feature) type is used for format conversion and visualization of some files. In addition to the attribute table, the humanistic and economic landscape also has a large amount of text data, picture data, and video data. These materials are attached to the attribute table through the attachment number and directly called through the SQL Sever database.

[0112] In addition to the spatialized landscape vector files and raster files, agricultural heritage landscape thematic information also includes a variety of text materials, map materials, and video materials. The comprehensive attribute information of these materials, such as the coding, name, resource type, data format, and file-related sources, is expressed through metadata classification and system construction, and is directly called from the attachment folder when the network information is released. The agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database can now provide data support for the network publishing system, auxiliary planning system, and agricultural heritage landscape thematic research of agricultural cultural heritage landscape.

[0113] (3) Implementation of the functional module of agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database

[0114] include:

[0115] The data management module is mainly for the relevant management departments of agricultural cultural heritage sites and relevant data providers. To log in to this interface, you need personnel information and storage keys;

[0116] The tour query module can directly tour the layers and supports users to conduct spatial queries and conditional queries;

[0117] The statistical analysis module realizes the statistics of the quantity, level and type structure of the whole database data and its visual expression. The analysis functions mainly protect the spatial pattern analysis, buffer analysis and kernel density analysis of various projects;

[0118] The special topic display module mainly includes contents such as texts, audio and video of agricultural cultural heritage.

[0119] Embodiment 2

[0120] This embodiment proposes a design device for the spatial database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes, including:

[0121] The landscape data definition module is used to define multiple landscape categories and the category elements under each landscape category according to the attribute characteristics of agricultural heritage landscapes, adopting an object-oriented landscape gene classification mode. The landscape categories include basic geographic information, natural ecological landscape category, agricultural production landscape category, human economic landscape category and traditional village landscape category;

[0122] The data storage format definition module is used to divide the agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into spatial data and non-spatial data. The non-spatial data includes attribute data, text materials and image and audio-visual data, and defines the corresponding data storage types;

[0123] The digital processing module is used to digitally process various category elements under each landscape category, including defining the element data under various category elements, confirming the data sources of the element data, and determining the data storage types of various element data according to the definition method of the data storage type;

[0124] The E-R diagram establishment module is used to establish an E-R diagram according to the landscape categories defined by the landscape data definition module, and the various element data and their data storage formats determined by the digital processing module;

[0125] The logical structure establishment module is used to establish multiple database layers representing spatial data according to the E-R diagram. The database layers include a basic ground object information database layer and a special topic data sub-library layer of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes corresponding to the E-R diagram structure; the attribute data is attached to the spatial data in the form of a data attribute table, and the text materials and image and audio-visual data are linked to the attribute data table through metadata codes; the database layers, data attribute tables, metadata codes and their link relationships constitute the spatial database logical structure of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes;

[0126] The database establishment module is used to establish the spatial database logical structure of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape obtained by the module according to the logical structure, and construct the physical model of the spatial database of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape, including the standard layer, the data layer, the management layer, the business layer, the presentation layer and the service layer; the data layer includes the basic ground object information database based on GIS technology and the agricultural cultural heritage landscape special database, corresponding to the basic ground object information database layer and the agricultural cultural heritage landscape special data sub-database layer respectively.

[0127] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent replacements or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database, characterized in that, Including the steps: S1. According to the attribute characteristics of agricultural heritage landscapes, adopt an object-oriented landscape gene classification model to define multiple landscape categories and category elements under each landscape category. The landscape categories include basic geographical information, natural ecological landscape category, agricultural production landscape category, humanistic economic landscape category, and traditional village landscape category; S2. Divide the agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into spatial data and non-spatial data. The non-spatial data includes attribute data, text materials, and image and audio-visual data, and define the corresponding data storage types; S3. Digitally process various category elements under each landscape category in step S1, including defining the element data under various category elements, confirming the data sources of the element data, and determining the data storage types of various element data according to the data storage type definition method in step S2; S4. Establish an E-R diagram according to the landscape categories defined in step S1 and various element data and their data storage formats determined in step S3; S5. According to the E-R diagram, establish multiple database layers representing spatial data. The database layers include a basic ground object information database layer corresponding to the E-R diagram structure and a special topic data sub-library layer of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes; the attribute data is attached to the spatial data in the form of a data attribute table, and the text materials and image and audio-visual data are linked to the attribute data table through metadata codes; the database layers, data attribute tables, metadata codes, and their link relationships constitute the logical structure of the spatial database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes; S6. According to the logical structure of the spatial database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes obtained in step S5, construct a physical model of the spatial database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes, including a standard layer, a data layer, a management layer, a business layer, a presentation layer, and a service layer; The data layer includes a basic ground object information database based on GIS technology and a special topic database of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes, corresponding to the basic ground object information database layer and the special topic data sub-library layer of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes respectively.

2. The design method for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the data storage types of spatial data include point entities, line entities, surface entities, and raster data. The data storage type of attribute data is object class data, the data storage type of text materials is text class data, and the data storage types of image and audio-visual data are image class data, audio-visual class data, and website link data.

3. The design method for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S5, there are several element layers on the database layer. Each element layer defines the corresponding layer code, layer name, and geometric type. Among them, the structure of the layer code includes: the name of the agricultural cultural heritage site, the area code, the data type indicating the database layer where it is located, the data element, and the reserved code. The data element includes the abbreviation of the element data, the time, and the element type represented by letters.

4. The design method for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the data attribute table has the following items: serial number, field name, information description, field type, field length, dimension, and default value. The field name is set as the Chinese abbreviation of the field information.

5. The design method for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the standard layer mainly includes the database construction standards for agricultural heritage landscapes, graphic and element classification standards, element coding standards, database interface standards, WMS or WFS standards, and database construction network protocol standards; The database interface standards are divided into government data management input interfaces, scientific research personnel data input interfaces, and ordinary user audio-visual data input interfaces; The WMS or WFS standards are used for data sharing and data operations at the geographical element level. Through the WFS service, users can operate on individual geographical elements, including data editing, deletion, and addition.

6. The design method for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the management layer is equipped with an ArcSDE module and a SQLServer module, the business layer is equipped with a Web server and a GIS application server, and the GIS application server is configured with ArcGIS Server; The ArcGIS Server connects to the data layer through ArcSDE, obtains spatial data and converts it into the required spatial services, queries the data layer through SQL Server, and provides data to the Web server.

7. The design method for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the presentation layer is equipped with a UI access interface, and the UI access interface is equipped with a management and editing module, query and retrieval, statistical analysis, analysis and decision-making, and data visualization modules.

8. The design method for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the service layer is equipped with decision-making user terminals for agricultural cultural heritage landscape management, monitoring and analysis user terminals, planning and design user terminals, and resident and tourist user terminals.

9. The design method for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the database is constructed, data is imported in the following manner: Use web crawler technology to crawl the POIs of all natural ecological scenic spots, import them into the database, fill in the attribute table fields of geological landscapes, ecological landscapes, and meteorological landscapes, encode and number the picture or text information of non-attribute data, and spatially process the natural ecological landscapes; Spatially process all the positioning information and attribute information of the humanistic and economic landscapes, and perform format conversion and visualization of some files using the point data type; except for the attribute table, for the humanistic and economic landscape materials represented by text materials, picture materials, and video materials, attach them to the attribute table through the attachment number and call them through the SQL Sever database.

10. An apparatus for designing an agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database, characterized in that, Including: A landscape data definition module, which is used to define multiple landscape categories and the category elements under each landscape category according to the attribute characteristics of agricultural heritage landscapes, using an object-oriented landscape gene classification model. The landscape categories include basic geographical information, natural ecological landscape categories, agricultural production landscape categories, humanistic and economic landscape categories, and traditional village landscape categories; A data storage format definition module, which is used to divide agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into spatial data and non-spatial data. The non-spatial data includes attribute data, text materials, and image and audio-visual data, and defines the corresponding data storage types; A digital processing module, which is used to digitally process various category elements under each landscape category, including defining the element data under various category elements, confirming the data sources of the element data, and determining the data storage types of various element data according to the definition method of the data storage type; The E-R diagram establishment module is used to establish an E-R diagram according to the landscape categories defined by the landscape data definition module, as well as various element data and their data storage formats determined by the digital processing module; The logical structure establishment module is used to establish multiple database layers representing spatial data according to the E-R diagram. The database layers include a basic ground object information database layer corresponding to the E-R diagram structure and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic data sub-library layer; the attribute data is attached to the spatial data in the form of a data attribute table, and the text materials and image and audio-visual data are linked to the attribute data table through metadata codes; the database layers, data attribute tables, metadata codes and their link relationships constitute the spatial database logical structure of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape; The database establishment module is used to construct a physical model of the spatial database of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape according to the spatial database logical structure of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape obtained by the logical structure establishment module, including a standard layer, a data layer, a management layer, a business layer, a presentation layer and a service layer; the data layer includes a basic ground object information database based on GIS technology and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database, corresponding to the basic ground object information database layer and the agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic data sub-library layer respectively.

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