Artificial liver system teaching device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an artificial liver system teaching device, relating to the field of medical operation training devices. The device comprises an operation panel, a blood purification host system, a blood purification pipeline, and a liquid tank. The blood purification host system is mounted on the operation panel and includes a plasma separator holder and two toner input devices, with the plasma separator holder located in front of the operation panel and the toner input devices located behind the operation panel. The blood purification pipeline is mounted on the blood purification host system and includes a simulated plasma separator, with a liquid inlet cavity provided at the upper end of the simulated plasma separator, and a plasma cavity and a non-plasma cavity provided below the liquid inlet cavity of the simulated plasma separator, each of which is connected to the liquid inlet cavity. The upper end of the plasma cavity is connected to one toner input device, and the lower portion of the non-plasma cavity is connected to another toner input device. Both ends of the blood purification pipeline are connected to the liquid tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical operation training devices, and in particular to an artificial liver system teaching device. Background Art

[0002] An artificial liver system refers to a medical device that uses an external machine to remove various harmful substances produced or increased due to liver failure, temporarily assisting or replacing the corresponding main functions of the liver.

[0003] Existing artificial liver systems include a blood purification host system and blood purification pipelines, each of which has numerous components. The main components of the blood purification host system include an arterial pump, an arterial pot holder, a plasma separator holder, a plasma separation interruption and blood leakage detector, a plasma separation pump, a plasma pot holder, a purifier holder, a return pump, a warmer, a venous pot holder, a bubble detector, and multiple pressure measurement points. The main components of the blood purification pipeline include an arterial tube, a plasma separator, a plasma separation tube, and a venous tube. The arterial tube is connected to the upper end of the plasma separator, while the plasma separation tube and the venous tube are connected to the lower end of the plasma separator. The arterial tube is equipped with an arterial pot, the venous tube is equipped with a venous pot, and the plasma separation tube is equipped with a plasma separation pot, two purifiers (a bilirubin adsorber and a resin perfusion device), and a warming bag. The end of the plasma separation tube is connected to the venous pot.

[0004] When the artificial liver system is in use, the blood purification pipeline is installed on the blood purification host system, the arterial tube is wrapped around the arterial pump, the arterial pot is fixed on the arterial pot seat, the plasma separator is fixed on the plasma separator clamp, the plasma separation tube passes through the plasma separation cut-off and blood leakage detector and then wraps around the plasma separation pump and return plasma pump, the plasma pot is fixed on the plasma pot seat, the purifier is fixed on the purifier clamp, the warming bag is placed in the warmer, the venous pot is fixed on the venous pot seat, and the venous tube passes through the bubble detector; the position where the pressure of the blood purification pipeline needs to be measured is connected to the pressure measuring point through the line; the arterial tube and the venous tube are respectively connected to the catheter inserted into the patient's blood vessel.

[0005] The working process of the artificial liver system is that the arterial pump sucks out the patient's blood, and the blood enters the plasma separator after passing through the arterial pot; the plasma separator separates the plasma, and the remaining blood enters the venous pot. The separated plasma is light yellow; the plasma enters the plasma separation tube under the action of the plasma separation pump. After the two purifiers purify the plasma, the plasma is sent to the warming bag for heating and then sent to the venous pot; the plasma in the venous pot is mixed with the remaining blood and returned to the patient's blood vessels through the venous tube.

[0006] As can be seen, the artificial liver system's blood purification system and blood purification circuits contain numerous components, resulting in complex circuits. Installation of these circuits is tedious, requiring rigorous training for nursing staff to ensure they can install them without errors. More importantly, during operation, the artificial liver system may trigger system errors and alarms due to factors such as blood coagulation, circuit distortion, and leakage. These errors require prompt and accurate handling to quickly restore system operation, and rigorous training for nursing staff is also required to ensure they are proficient in handling these various system error alarms.

[0007] To the applicant's knowledge, there is currently no equipment available for artificial liver system operation training. Artificial liver system operation training can only be conducted using the actual equipment, which occupies medical equipment. Furthermore, the equipment's actual operating alarms often occur sporadically, making it difficult to systematically and quickly conduct practical training on alarm handling. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an artificial liver system teaching device which has the same appearance and some functions as the existing artificial liver system and can simulate operation and simulate alarm problems.

[0009] The technical solution adopted to solve the above problems is as follows: the artificial liver system teaching device includes a bracket, an operation panel, a blood purification host system, a blood purification pipeline and a liquid tank; the operation panel is vertically arranged and connected to the bracket, and the liquid tank is connected to the bracket;

[0010] The blood purification host system is arranged on the operation panel. The blood purification host system includes a plasma separator holder and two toner input devices. The plasma separator holder is located in front of the operation panel, and the toner input devices are located behind the operation panel.

[0011] The blood purification pipeline is installed on the blood purification host system and includes a simulated plasma separator. The simulated plasma separator has a liquid inlet cavity at its upper end. A plasma cavity and a non-plasma cavity are provided below the liquid inlet cavity on the simulated plasma separator. The plasma cavity and the non-plasma cavity are respectively connected to the liquid inlet cavity through communication holes. The simulated plasma separator is fixed to the plasma separator holder. The upper end of the plasma cavity is connected to a toner input device, and the lower part of the non-plasma cavity is connected to another toner input device. Both ends of the blood purification pipeline are connected to the liquid tank.

[0012] The liquid box contains red liquid; in the plasma cavity, the red liquid is mixed with a color-changing agent input from a color-changing agent input device and then changes into a color-changing liquid of another color; and the color-changing liquid is mixed with a color-reverting agent input from another color-returning agent input device and then changes back into a red liquid.

[0013] Furthermore, the toner input device includes a syringe, a syringe fixing structure and a syringe pressing structure. The syringe is fixed on the syringe fixing structure, and the syringe pressing structure can push the piston rod of the syringe forward.

[0014] Furthermore, the blood purification host system includes two first inflation devices, which are located behind the operation panel; two separator air bags are provided in the simulated plasma separator, which are respectively located in the plasma cavity and the non-plasma cavity, and the two separator air bags are respectively connected to the two first inflation devices.

[0015] Furthermore, the liquid tank includes a tank body, an output tube, a reflux tube, an output tube lifting structure, and an output tube rotating structure; a partition is provided in the tank body, which divides the tank body into a liquid chamber and an upper chamber; the output tube is a rigid tube, extending from the upper portion of the liquid tank to the lower portion of the liquid chamber, and having an output tube flange; the reflux tube extends from the upper portion of the liquid tank into the liquid chamber; and both ends of the blood purification pipeline are connected to the output tube and the reflux tube, respectively.

[0016] The output pipe lifting structure is arranged in the upper cavity, and the output pipe lifting structure includes a lifting plate, a guide sleeve, a guide column, a first connecting fork, a spring and a first electric telescopic rod. The lifting plate is horizontally arranged next to the output pipe flange, the guide sleeve is located below the lifting plate and connected to the box body, the guide column is connected to the lifting plate and inserted into the guide sleeve, the spring supports the lifting plate, the first connecting fork is connected to the lifting plate, the first connecting fork includes a first connecting fork upper plate and a first connecting fork lower plate, the first connecting fork upper plate and the first connecting fork lower plate are respectively fitted with the upper and lower surfaces of the output pipe flange, the first electric telescopic rod is vertically arranged above the lifting plate and connected to the lifting plate, when the first electric telescopic rod is extended, it can press against the box body to lower the lifting plate, and the lowering of the lifting plate can drive the output pipe to fall until it is fitted with the bottom surface of the liquid cavity;

[0017] The output tube rotating structure is arranged in the upper cavity, and the output tube rotating structure includes a first motor, a first driving gear and a first driven gear. The first motor is installed on the lifting plate, the first driving gear is connected to the first motor, and the first driven gear is sleeved on the output tube and meshed with the first driving gear.

[0018] Furthermore, the liquid tank includes a return pipe mounting seat and a return pipe rotating structure; the return pipe is a hard pipe, and the return pipe is provided with a return pipe flange; the return pipe mounting seat is located in the upper cavity and connected to the tank body, and the return pipe mounting seat is provided with a second connecting fork, the second connecting fork including a second connecting fork upper plate and a second connecting fork lower plate, and the second connecting fork upper plate and the second connecting fork lower plate are respectively in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the return pipe flange;

[0019] The reflux tube rotating structure is arranged in the upper cavity, and the reflux tube rotating structure includes a second motor, a second driving gear and a second driven gear. The second motor is installed on the reflux tube mounting seat, the second driving gear is connected to the second motor, and the second driven gear is sleeved on the reflux tube and meshed with the second driving gear.

[0020] Furthermore, the liquid tank includes a liquid leakage simulation structure; the reflux pipe includes a lower reflux pipe section and an upper reflux pipe section, the reflux pipe section one is inserted into the reflux pipe section two, and a leakage hole is provided on the inserted portion of the reflux pipe section one; the liquid leakage simulation structure includes a second electric telescopic rod and a liquid receiving tray, the two ends of the second electric telescopic rod are respectively connected to the reflux pipe section one and the reflux pipe section two, the leakage hole can be exposed when the second electric telescopic rod is extended, and the liquid receiving tray is mounted on the reflux pipe section one.

[0021] Furthermore, the artificial liver system teaching device includes two second inflation devices; the output tube and the reflux tube are both transparent, the output tube has an output tube airbag, and the reflux tube has a reflux tube airbag; one second inflation device is connected to the output tube and communicated with the output tube airbag; the other second inflation device is connected to the reflux tube and communicated with the reflux tube.

[0022] Furthermore, the blood purification host system includes a purifier clamp and a third inflation device, the purifier clamp is located in front of the operation panel, and the third inflation device is located behind the operation panel; the blood purification pipeline includes a simulated purifier, and the simulated purifier has a purifier airbag; the purifier clamp fixes the simulated purifier, and the purifier airbag is connected to the third inflation device.

[0023] Furthermore, the blood purification host system includes a venous pot seat and a fourth inflation device, the venous pot seat is located in front of the operation panel, and the fourth inflation device is located behind the operation panel; the blood purification pipeline includes a venous pot, and the venous pot seat fixes the venous pot; the fourth inflation device is connected to the lower end of the venous pot.

[0024] Furthermore, the artificial liver system teaching device includes a panel cover, which is hinged to the operation panel and can cover the operation panel, and has a pipe connection diagram on the panel cover.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the blood purification host system and blood purification pipeline of the present invention are made to be substantially the same as the real blood purification host system and blood purification pipeline. Trainees can perform blood purification pipeline installation operations on this teaching device to become familiar with the pipeline and quickly and correctly install the pipeline in actual work.

[0026] The present invention can simulate common system problems such as plasma separator blockage and poor separation effect, purifier blockage, excessive pipeline distortion and blockage, pipeline leakage, and bubbles in the blood in the tube, so that trainees can understand, judge and handle various operation alarms of the artificial liver system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the artificial liver system teaching device;

[0028] Figure 2 This is the structure diagram of the blood purification host system and blood purification pipeline;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a simulated plasma separator;

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA cross-sectional view;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a simulated plasma separator, a toner input device and a first inflation device;

[0032] Figure 6 It is the structure diagram of the liquid tank;

[0033] Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of the output tube and related components;

[0034] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 BB cross-sectional view;

[0035] Figure 9 This is an enlarged view of the reflux tube and related components;

[0036] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of a simulated purifier;

[0037] Figure 11 It is a diagram of the structure of the venous pot;

[0038] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75 Column 433, spring 434, first connecting fork 435, first connecting fork upper plate 4351, first connecting fork lower plate 4352, first electric telescopic rod 436, output tube rotating structure 44, first motor 441, first driving gear 442, first driven gear 443, second inflation device 45, reflux tube 46, reflux tube section 1 461, reflux tube section 2 462, leakage hole 463, reflux tube airbag 464, reflux tube flange 465, reflux tube mounting seat 47, second connecting fork 471, second connecting fork upper plate 4711, second connecting fork lower plate 4712, reflux tube rotating structure 48, second motor 481, second driving gear 482, second driven gear 483, leakage simulation structure 49, second electric telescopic rod 491, liquid collecting tray 492, bracket 5, panel cover 6, pipe connection diagram 61, electronic control system 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] First, let's explain the alarms for artificial liver system operation problems: If there are any problems with the artificial liver system operation, they will be reflected in abnormal pressure sensor measurements, abnormal plasma flow interruption and blood leakage detector detection, and abnormal bubble detector detection, and the system will issue an alarm. Specifically, the artificial liver system alarm conditions, causes, and treatment methods are mainly as follows:

[0040] 1. PA (arterial pressure) low pressure alarm.

[0041] 1.1. Cause: The arterial tube is folded. Solution: Check whether the tube is folded or compressed.

[0042] 1.2. Cause: The arterial pump flow rate is too fast; Solution: Reduce the pump speed.

[0043] 1.3. Cause: There is a blood clot in the arterial tube; Treatment: Replace the arterial tube.

[0044] 1.4. Cause: Abnormal position of the arterial tube, with the tube opening attached to the wall; Treatment: Adjust the position of the arterial tube.

[0045] 1.5. Cause: Arterial pressure sensor failure; Solution: Adjust the sensor.

[0046] 2. PV (venous pressure) low pressure alarm.

[0047] 2.1. Cause: The venous tube is loose and leaking. Treatment: Check the tube, find the leak, and replace it.

[0048] 2.2. Cause: Venous pressure sensor failure; Solution: Adjust the sensor.

[0049] 2.3. Cause: The purifier is clogged. Solution: Replace the purifier.

[0050] 2.4. Cause: The pump speed (possible for all pumps) is too low. Solution: Increase the pump speed to increase blood flow.

[0051] 3. PV (arterial pressure) high pressure alarm.

[0052] 3.1. Cause: The venous tube is bent or twisted. Solution: Check and adjust the venous tube.

[0053] 3.2. Cause: Blood clot in the venous tube; Treatment: Make the tube smoother.

[0054] 3.3. Cause: Venous pressure sensor failure; Solution: Adjust the sensor.

[0055] 3.4. Cause: The pump speed is too fast. Treatment: Lower the pump speed and reduce the blood flow.

[0056] 4. PBE (pressure before filter) high pressure alarm.

[0057] 4.1. Cause: Too fast blood flow; Treatment: Adjust the pump speed to an appropriate blood flow rate.

[0058] 4.2. Cause: The venous tube is blocked; Treatment: Check and adjust the pipeline.

[0059] 4.3. Cause: The filtration ratio of the plasma separator is too large: Treatment: Adjust the effective blood flow velocity and filtration volume.

[0060] 4.4. Cause: The plasma separator is clotted and blocked; Treatment: Increase the flushing frequency, adjust the amount of anticoagulant, and replace the plasma separator.

[0061] 4.5. Cause: Pressure sensor failure; Solution: Adjust the pressure sensor.

[0062] 5. PBE (pressure before filter) low pressure alarm.

[0063] 5.1. Cause: Sensor failure; Solution: Adjust the sensor.

[0064] 6. TMP alarm. TMP is a calculated value that reflects the pressure required by the filter to achieve the currently set ultrafiltration rate. It is the sum of the squeezing and suction effects of the blood pump on the blood flow.

[0065] 6.1. Cause: The ratio of each pump rate to the purifier filtration rate is too high. Solution: Lower the ratio of each pump rate to the ultrafiltration rate.

[0066] 6.2. Cause: Purifier is clogged. Treatment: flush the purifier with normal saline, add anticoagulant, and replace the pipeline or purifier if necessary.

[0067] 6.3. Cause: The purifier replacement rate or ultrafiltration rate drops too quickly. Solution: Adjust the parameters.

[0068] 6.4. Cause: Sensor failure; Solution: Adjust or replace the sensor.

[0069] 7. Air alarm.

[0070] 7.1. Cause: Air enters the system; treatment method; exhaust the air.

[0071] 8. Blood leakage alarm.

[0072] 8.1. Cause: The plasma separator does not separate plasma effectively, and the plasma in the plasma tube is red. Solution: Adjust and replace the plasma separator.

[0073] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0074] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the artificial liver system teaching device includes a bracket 5, an operation panel 1, a blood purification host system 2, a blood purification pipeline 3 and a liquid tank 4; the operation panel 1 is vertically arranged and connected to the bracket 5, and the liquid tank 4 is connected to the bracket 5;

[0075] The blood purification host system 2 is set on the operation panel 1. The blood purification host system 2 includes a plasma separator holder 21 and two toner input devices 24. The plasma separator holder 21 is located in front of the operation panel 1, and the toner input devices 24 are located behind the operation panel 1.

[0076] The blood purification circuit 3 is mounted on the blood purification host system 2 and includes a simulated plasma separator 31. A liquid inlet chamber 311 is provided at the upper end of the simulated plasma separator 31. A plasma chamber 312 and a non-plasma chamber 313 are provided below the liquid inlet chamber 311 on the simulated plasma separator 31. The plasma chamber 312 and the non-plasma chamber 313 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet chamber 311 via communication holes 314. The simulated plasma separator 31 is fixed to the plasma separator holder 21. The upper end of the plasma chamber 312 is connected to a toner input 24, and the lower portion of the non-plasma chamber 313 is connected to another toner input 24. Both ends of the blood purification circuit 3 are connected to the liquid tank 4.

[0077] The liquid box 4 contains red liquid; in the plasma chamber 312, the red liquid is mixed with a color-changing agent input from a colorant input device 24 to change into a color-changing liquid of another color; the color-changing liquid is mixed with a color-reverting agent input from another colorant input device 24 to change back into a red liquid.

[0078] The blood purification system 2, as seen in front of the operating panel 1, is essentially identical in appearance and functionality to the prior art. It includes an arterial pump 2a, an arterial pot holder 2b, a plasma separator holder 21, a plasma separation interruption and blood leakage detector 2c, a plasma separation pump 2d, a plasma pot holder 2e, a purifier holder 22, a return pump 2f, a warmer 2g, a venous pot holder 23, a bubble detector 2h, and multiple pressure measuring points 2i.

[0079] The blood purification pipeline 3 is basically the same in appearance as the prior art. It is provided with an arterial tube 3a, a simulated plasma separator 31, a plasma separation tube 3d and a venous tube 3f. The arterial tube 3a is connected to the upper end of the simulated plasma separator 31, and the plasma separation tube 3d and the venous tube 3f are connected to the lower end of the simulated plasma separator 31. The arterial tube 3a is provided with an arterial pot 3b, the venous tube 3f is provided with a venous pot 33, the plasma separation tube 3d is provided with a plasma pot 3c, two simulated purifiers 32 (bilirubin adsorber and resin perfusion device) and a warming bag 3e, and the end of the plasma separation tube 3d is connected to the venous pot 33. The blood purification pipeline 3 is not connected to the human body, but to the liquid tank 4. The simulated plasma separator 31 does not have an actual plasma separation function and its appearance is the same as that of an actual plasma separator. The simulated purifier 32 does not have an actual purification function and its appearance is the same as that of an actual purifier. Based on the structure of the present invention, it is obvious that trainees can perform the installation operation of the blood purification pipeline 3 on the teaching device, so as to become familiar with the pipeline and install the pipeline quickly and correctly in actual work.

[0080] Furthermore, the artificial liver system teaching device of the present invention includes a panel cover 6, which is hingedly connected to the operating panel 1 and can cover the operating panel 1. The panel cover 6 has a connection diagram 61. When the panel cover 6 is opened, the blood purification pipeline 3 can be installed according to the connection diagram 61, further facilitating students' learning of connection.

[0081] The present invention operates as follows: the arterial pump 2a operates, sucking red liquid from the liquid tank. The red liquid enters the simulated plasma separator 31, specifically the liquid inlet chamber 311, and then splits into two paths through the connecting hole 314 to enter the plasma chamber 312 and the non-plasma chamber 313, respectively. In the non-plasma chamber 313, the colorant input device 24 inputs a color-reversing agent, and the red liquid in the non-plasma chamber 313 is then directly output to the venous tube 3f. In the plasma chamber 312, the colorant input device 24 inputs the colorant into the plasma chamber 312. After mixing with the red liquid, the liquid changes color to simulate the separated plasma. The color of the liquid after color change is preferably the same light yellow color as the plasma. The color-changed liquid then flows through the separation tube 3d and into the venous pot 33 under the action of the separation pump 2d and the return pump 2f. The color-changed liquid turns back red after encountering the color-reversing agent. Finally, the red liquid returns to the liquid tank 4. Although the present invention does not actually separate the blood, it presents the blood flow and separation process, which is very vivid and helps students understand the blood purification process.

[0082] The red liquid can be a liquid that changes color based on acidity or alkalinity. For example, a hematoxylin solution can be used. A weak acid solution is used as a color-changing agent, causing the hematoxylin solution to turn yellow upon contact with the acid, resembling the color of plasma. A weak base solution is used as a color-reversing agent, which neutralizes the weak acid and causes the hematoxylin solution to return to red.

[0083] The specific structure of the colorant input device 24 can refer to the mechanical design of the existing micro-injection pump. Specifically, the colorant input device 24 includes a syringe 241, a syringe fixing structure 242 and a syringe pressing structure 243. The syringe 241 is fixed on the syringe fixing structure 242, and the syringe pressing structure 243 can push the piston rod of the syringe 241 forward.

[0084] In order to simulate the alarm problem that occurs in the artificial liver system, the present invention makes further improvements.

[0085] In order to simulate the situation where the plasma separator is blocked due to blood coagulation and the filtration ratio is too large, the blood purification host system 2 preferably includes two first inflation devices 25, and the first inflation device 25 is located behind the operation panel 1; two separator air bags 315 are provided in the simulated plasma separator 31, and the two separator air bags 315 are respectively located in the plasma cavity 312 and the non-plasma cavity 313, and the two separator air bags 315 are respectively connected to the two first inflation devices 25.

[0086] In this way, the first inflation device 25 inflates the separator airbag 315. The expansion of the separator airbag 315 increases the difficulty of the liquid passing through the simulated plasma separator 31 and reduces the liquid flow rate, which simulates the situation where the plasma separator is blocked due to blood coagulation and the filtration ratio is too large.

[0087] To simulate the arterial tube 3a being bent and attached to the wall, the liquid tank 4 preferably includes a tank body 41, an output tube 42, a reflux tube 46, an output tube lifting structure 43, and an output tube rotating structure 44. The tank body 41 has a partition 411 therein, which divides the tank body 41 into a liquid chamber 413 and an upper chamber 412. The output tube 42 is a rigid tube extending from the top of the liquid tank 4 to the bottom of the liquid chamber 413 and having an output tube flange 421. The reflux tube 46 extends from the top of the liquid tank 4 into the liquid chamber 413. The two ends of the blood purification pipeline 3 are respectively connected to the output tube 42 and the reflux tube 46.

[0088] The output tube lifting structure 43 is arranged in the upper cavity 412. The output tube lifting structure 43 includes a lifting plate 431, a guide sleeve 432, a guide column 433, a first connecting fork 435, a spring 434 and a first electric telescopic rod 436. The lifting plate 431 is horizontally arranged next to the output tube flange 421. The guide sleeve 432 is located below the lifting plate 431 and connected to the box body 41. The guide column 433 is connected to the lifting plate 431 and inserted into the guide sleeve 432. The spring 434 supports the lifting plate 431. The first connecting fork 435 is connected to the lifting plate 43 1 connection, the first connecting fork 435 includes a first connecting fork upper plate 4351 and a first connecting fork lower plate 4352, which are respectively in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the output pipe flange 421. The first electric telescopic rod 436 is vertically arranged above the lifting plate 431 and connected to the lifting plate 431. When the first electric telescopic rod 436 is extended, it can press against the box body 41 to lower the lifting plate 431. The lowering of the lifting plate 431 can drive the output pipe 42 to descend until it is in contact with the bottom surface of the liquid chamber 413.

[0089] The output tube rotating structure 44 is arranged in the upper cavity 412, and the output tube rotating structure 44 includes a first motor 441, a first driving gear 442 and a first driven gear 443. The first motor 441 is installed on the lifting plate 431, the first driving gear 442 is connected to the first motor 441, and the first driven gear 443 is sleeved on the output tube 42 and meshed with the first driving gear 442.

[0090] When the first electric telescopic rod 436 extends and presses against the housing 41, the lifting plate 431 descends, which in turn drives the first connecting fork 435 downward, which in turn drives the output tube flange 421 downward, thereby driving the output tube 42 downward. The output tube 42 descends until it contacts the bottom surface of the liquid chamber 413, simulating a pipe-to-wall situation. Conversely, when the first electric telescopic rod 436 shortens, the spring 434 rebounds, driving the lifting plate 431, the first connecting fork 435, and the output tube 42 upward, thereby simulating a pipe-to-wall situation. A further embodiment of the present invention is to provide a bottom protrusion 414 on the bottom of the housing 41 to contact the output tube 42 and prevent the output tube 42 from contacting any sediment on the bottom of the housing 41.

[0091] The first connecting fork upper plate 4351 and the first connecting fork lower plate 4352 respectively engage the upper and lower surfaces of the output tube flange 421. The first connecting fork 435 can drive the output tube 42 without affecting its rotation. The first motor 441 is activated, driving the first driving gear 442 to rotate, which in turn drives the first driven gear 443, thereby rotating the output tube 42. The rotation of the output tube 42 twists the connected arterial tube 3a, simulating a twisted arterial tube 3a that reduces blood flow. The output tube 42 only needs to rotate a maximum of one full rotation. The rotation angle of the first motor 441 must be precisely controlled. A stepper motor can be used for this.

[0092] To simulate the bending and twisting of the venous tube 3f, the liquid tank 4 preferably includes a reflux tube mounting seat 47 and a reflux tube rotating structure 48. The reflux tube 46 is a rigid tube and has a reflux tube flange 465. The reflux tube mounting seat 47 is located in the upper cavity 412 and connected to the tank body 41. The reflux tube mounting seat 47 has a second connecting fork 471. The second connecting fork 471 includes a second connecting fork upper plate 4711 and a second connecting fork lower plate 4712. The second connecting fork upper plate 4711 and the second connecting fork lower plate 4712 are respectively in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the reflux tube flange 465.

[0093] The reflux tube rotating structure 48 is arranged in the upper cavity 412. The reflux tube rotating structure 48 includes a second motor 481, a second driving gear 482 and a second driven gear 483. The second motor 481 is installed on the reflux tube mounting seat 47, the second driving gear 482 is connected to the second motor 481, and the second driven gear 483 is sleeved on the reflux tube 46 and meshed with the second driving gear 482.

[0094] The rotation of the reflux tube rotating structure 48 thus twists the venous tube 3f, simulating a situation where the venous tube 3f is bent and twisted, resulting in reduced blood flow. The method by which the reflux tube rotating structure 48 twists the venous tube 3f is similar to the method by which the output tube rotating structure 44 twists the arterial tube 3a, and will not be further described here. The second connecting fork 471 prevents the reflux tube 46 from moving up and down, but does not affect its rotation.

[0095] In order to simulate pipeline leakage, the liquid tank 4 includes a leakage simulation structure 49; the reflux pipe 46 includes a lower reflux pipe section 461 and an upper reflux pipe section 2 462, the reflux pipe section 1 461 is inserted into the reflux pipe section 2 462, and a leakage hole 463 is provided on the inserted part of the reflux pipe section 1 461; the leakage simulation structure 49 includes a second electric telescopic rod 491 and a liquid receiving tray 492, the two ends of the second electric telescopic rod 491 are respectively connected to the reflux pipe section 1 461 and the reflux pipe section 2 462, the leakage hole 463 can be exposed when the second electric telescopic rod 491 is extended, and the liquid receiving tray 492 is mounted on the reflux pipe section 461.

[0096] Normally, leakage hole 463 is sealed by the second section of the reflux tube 462, preventing liquid from leaking. When the second electrically operated telescopic rod 491 is extended, leakage hole 463 is exposed, allowing liquid to leak out. The leaked liquid is collected by the liquid receiving pan 492, preventing it from contaminating the environment. This simulates a pipeline leak and also collects the leaked liquid. The leaked liquid can then be removed with a syringe.

[0097] To simulate blood clot blockage, the artificial liver system teaching device preferably includes two second inflation devices 45. Both the output tube 42 and the return tube 46 are transparent, with an output tube balloon 422 on the output tube 42 and a return tube balloon 464 on the return tube 46. One second inflation device 45 is connected to the output tube 42 and communicates with the output tube balloon 422; the other second inflation device 45 is connected to the return tube 46 and communicates with the return tube 46. When the output tube balloon 422 and the return tube balloon 464 are inflated, the flow area of ​​the output tube 42 and the return tube 46 decreases, thus simulating blood clot blockage.

[0098] To simulate purifier blockage, the blood purification host system 2 preferably includes a purifier holder 22 and a third inflator 26. The purifier holder 22 is located in front of the operation panel 1, and the third inflator 26 is located behind the operation panel 1. The blood purification pipeline 3 includes a simulated purifier 32, which has a purifier airbag 321 therein. The purifier holder 22 fixes the simulated purifier 32, and the purifier airbag 321 is connected to the third inflator 26. When the purifier airbag 321 is inflated, the flow capacity of the simulated purifier 32 is weakened, thereby simulating the problem of insufficient blood flow capacity of the purifier due to coagulation or excessive filtration ratio.

[0099] To simulate the entry of bubbles into the pipeline, the blood purification host system 2 preferably includes an intravenous pot holder 23 and a fourth gassing device 27. The intravenous pot holder 23 is located in front of the operation panel 1, and the fourth gassing device 27 is located behind the operation panel 1. The blood purification pipeline 3 includes an intravenous pot 33. The intravenous pot holder 23 fixes the intravenous pot 33. The fourth gassing device 27 is connected to the lower end of the intravenous pot 33. In this way, a small amount of gas is injected into the intravenous pot 33 to create bubbles in the pipeline.

[0100] The present invention should include an electronic control system 7 that can control the operation of the aforementioned devices. For example, control buttons can be provided to control the operation of the aforementioned devices by pressing the control buttons, thereby simulating the corresponding alarm causes. Furthermore, the electronic control system 7 can directly adjust the alarms of various sensors to simulate sensor failure alarms. The electronic control system 7 can also adjust the speed of various pumps to simulate abnormal blood flow caused by excessively fast or slow pump speeds. The electronic control system 7 can also adjust various components to restore normal operation, thereby resolving alarms.

[0101] Taking the aforementioned PA (arterial pressure) low pressure alarm, PV (venous pressure) low pressure alarm, air alarm and blood leakage alarm as examples, the present invention is further described as follows:

[0102] 1. PA (arterial pressure) low pressure alarm.

[0103] 1.1. Arterial tube folding; Simulation mode: Operate the button 7 of the electronic control system of the present invention to control the output tube rotating structure 44 to drive the output tube 42 to rotate 180° to 360°, causing the arterial tube 3a to twist, and the corresponding sensor to alarm; Reset mode: After the trainee checks and finds that the arterial tube 3a is twisted, operate the button 7 of the electronic control system to cause the output tube rotating structure 44 to drive the output tube 42 to reverse and reset;

[0104] 1.2. Arterial pump flow rate is too high; simulation mode: operate the button 7 of the electronic control system of the present invention to speed up the arterial pump 2a, and the corresponding sensor alarms; reset mode: after the trainee checks and finds that the speed of the arterial pump 2a is too high, operate the button 7 of the electronic control system to restore the speed of the arterial pump 2a;

[0105] 1.3. There is a blood clot in the artery; simulation mode: operate the button of the electronic control system 7 of the present invention, and the second inflation device 45 inflates the output tube airbag 422 to make it expand; reset mode: after the trainee checks and finds that the output tube 42 is blocked, operate the electronic control system 7 to deflate the output tube airbag 422.

[0106] 1.4. Abnormal position of the arterial tube, with the tube opening attached to the wall; simulation method: Operate the button of the electronic control system 7 of the present invention to control the extension of the first electric telescopic rod 436, causing the output tube 42 to basically fit into the bottom of the box 41; reset method: After the trainee checks and finds that the output tube 42 is attached to the wall, operate the electronic control system 7 to shorten the first electric telescopic rod 436.

[0107] 1.5. Arterial pressure sensor failure; operate button 7 of the electronic control system of the present invention to directly make the sensor alarm; reset method: after the trainee has checked and eliminated the above problems, it can be concluded that this is a sensor problem. Operate button 7 of the electronic control system to directly stop the sensor alarm.

[0108] 2. PV (venous pressure) low pressure alarm.

[0109] 2.1. The venous tube is loose and leaking. Simulation method: Operate button 7 of the electronic control system of the present invention to control the extension of the second electric telescopic rod 491 to expose the leakage hole 463. Reset method: After the trainee checks and finds that the tube is leaking, operate button 7 of the electronic control system to control the shortening of the second electric telescopic rod 491 to cover the leakage hole 463.

[0110] 2.3. Purifier Blockage: Simulation: Operate the button on the electronic control system 7 to control the third inflator 26 to inflate the purifier airbag 321. Reset: After the trainee checks and finds that the simulated purifier 32 flow rate has decreased, operate the button on the electronic control system 7 to deflate the purifier airbag 321.

[0111] 2.4. Pump rate is too low; simulation mode: operate button 7 of the electronic control system of the present invention to reduce the pump rate; reset mode: after the trainee checks and finds that the pump rate is too low, operate button 7 of the electronic control system to increase the pump rate.

[0112] 2.2. Venous pressure sensor failure; simulation method: operate button 7 of the electronic control system of the present invention to directly make the sensor alarm; reset method: after the trainee has checked and eliminated the above problems, it can be concluded that this is a sensor problem, and the trainee can operate button 7 of the electronic control system to directly stop the sensor alarm.

[0113] 7. Air alarm.

[0114] Simulation mode: operate the button of the electronic control system 7 of the present invention to control the fourth inflation device 27 to fill a small amount of gas into the intravenous pot 33; reset mode: the device continues to operate until the gas and the liquid in the pipeline are transported to the box 41.

[0115] 8. Blood leakage alarm.

[0116] Simulation mode: operate the button 7 of the electronic control system of the present invention to control the colorant input device 24 at the upper end of the plasma chamber 312 not to input the color-changing agent, so that the liquid in the slurry separation pipeline does not change color but appears red; reset mode: operate the button 7 of the electronic control system to make the colorant input device 24 input the colorant.

Claims

1. Artificial liver system teaching device, characterized by: It comprises a bracket (5), an operation panel (1), a blood purification host system (2), a blood purification pipeline (3) and a liquid tank (4); The liquid box (4) comprises a box body (41), an output tube (42), a reflux tube (46), an output tube lifting structure (43) and an output tube rotating structure (44); a partition (411) is provided in the box body (41), and the partition (411) divides the box body (41) into a liquid cavity (413) and an upper cavity (412); the output tube (42) is a hard tube, and the output tube (42) extends from the upper part of the liquid box (4) to the lower part of the liquid cavity (413), and the output tube (42) is provided with an output tube flange (421); the reflux tube (46) extends from the upper part of the liquid box (4) to the liquid cavity (413); and the two ends of the blood purification pipeline (3) are respectively connected to the output tube (42) and the reflux tube (46); The output tube lifting structure (43) is arranged in the upper cavity (412). The output tube lifting structure (43) includes a lifting plate (431), a guide sleeve (432), a guide column (433), a first connecting fork (435), a spring (434) and a first electric telescopic rod (436). The lifting plate (431) is horizontally arranged next to the output tube flange (421). The guide sleeve (432) is located below the lifting plate (431) and is connected to the box (41). The guide column (433) is connected to the lifting plate (431) and inserted into the guide sleeve (432). The spring (434) supports the lifting plate (431). The first connecting fork (435) is connected to the lifting plate (431). The lowering plate (431) is connected, the first connecting fork (435) includes a first connecting fork upper plate (4351) and a first connecting fork lower plate (4352), the first connecting fork upper plate (4351) and the first connecting fork lower plate (4352) are respectively in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the output pipe flange (421), the first electric telescopic rod (436) is vertically arranged above the lifting plate (431) and connected to the lifting plate (431), when the first electric telescopic rod (436) is extended, it can press against the box body (41) to make the lifting plate (431) descend, and the descent of the lifting plate (431) can drive the output pipe (42) to descend to be in contact with the bottom surface of the liquid chamber (413); The output tube rotating structure (44) is arranged in the upper cavity (412). The output tube rotating structure (44) comprises a first motor (441), a first driving gear (442) and a first driven gear (443). The first motor (441) is mounted on the lifting plate (431). The first driving gear (442) is connected to the first motor (441). The first driven gear (443) is sleeved on the output tube (42) and meshed with the first driving gear (442).

2. The artificial liver system teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation panel (1) is vertically arranged and connected to the bracket (5), and the liquid tank (4) is connected to the bracket (5); The blood purification host system (2) is arranged on the operation panel (1), and the blood purification host system (2) includes a plasma separator holder (21) and two toner input devices (24), wherein the plasma separator holder (21) is located in front of the operation panel (1), and the toner input devices (24) are located behind the operation panel (1); The blood purification pipeline (3) is installed on the blood purification host system (2). The blood purification pipeline (3) includes a simulated plasma separator (31). The upper end of the simulated plasma separator (31) is provided with a liquid inlet cavity (311). The simulated plasma separator (31) is provided with a plasma cavity (312) and a non-plasma cavity (313) below the liquid inlet cavity (311). The plasma cavity (312) and the non-plasma cavity (313) are respectively connected to the liquid inlet cavity (311) through a connecting hole (314). The simulated plasma separator (31) is fixed on the plasma separator holder (21). The upper end of the plasma cavity (312) is connected to a toner input device (24), and the lower part of the non-plasma cavity (313) is connected to another toner input device (24). Both ends of the blood purification pipeline (3) are connected to the liquid tank (4). The liquid box (4) contains red liquid; in the plasma chamber (312), the red liquid is mixed with a color-changing agent input from a color-changing agent input device (24) to change into a color-changing liquid of another color; and the color-changing liquid is mixed with a color-reverting agent input from another color-reverting agent input device (24) to change back into a red liquid.

3. The artificial liver system teaching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The toner input device (24) comprises a syringe (241), a syringe fixing structure (242) and a syringe pressing structure (243). The syringe (241) is fixed on the syringe fixing structure (242), and the syringe pressing structure (243) can push the piston rod of the syringe (241) forward.

4. The artificial liver system teaching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blood purification host system (2) comprises two first inflation devices (25), which are located behind the operation panel (1); two separator air bags (315) are provided in the simulated plasma separator (31), and the two separator air bags (315) are respectively located in the plasma cavity (312) and the non-plasma cavity (313), and the two separator air bags (315) are respectively connected to the two first inflation devices (25).

5. The artificial liver system teaching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid tank (4) includes a return pipe mounting seat (47) and a return pipe rotating structure (48); the return pipe (46) is a hard pipe, and the return pipe (46) is provided with a return pipe flange (465); the return pipe mounting seat (47) is located in the upper cavity (412) and is connected to the box body (41); the return pipe mounting seat (47) is provided with a second connecting fork (471), and the second connecting fork (471) includes a second connecting fork upper plate (4711) and a second connecting fork lower plate (4712); the second connecting fork upper plate (4711) and the second connecting fork lower plate (4712) are respectively fitted with the upper and lower surfaces of the return pipe flange (465); The reflux tube rotating structure (48) is arranged in the upper cavity (412). The reflux tube rotating structure (48) includes a second motor (481), a second driving gear (482) and a second driven gear (483). The second motor (481) is mounted on the reflux tube mounting seat (47). The second driving gear (482) is connected to the second motor (481). The second driven gear (483) is sleeved on the reflux tube (46) and meshes with the second driving gear (482).

6. The artificial liver system teaching device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid tank (4) includes a liquid leakage simulation structure (49); the reflux pipe (46) includes a lower reflux pipe section (461) and an upper reflux pipe section (462); the reflux pipe section (461) is inserted into the reflux pipe section (462); and a liquid leakage hole (463) is provided on the inserted portion of the reflux pipe section (461); the liquid leakage simulation structure (49) includes a second electric telescopic rod (491) and a liquid receiving tray (492); the two ends of the second electric telescopic rod (491) are respectively connected to the reflux pipe section (461) and the reflux pipe section (462); the liquid leakage hole (463) can be exposed when the second electric telescopic rod (491) is extended, and the liquid receiving tray (492) is sleeved on the reflux pipe section (461).

7. The artificial liver system teaching device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The invention comprises two second inflation devices (45); the output tube (42) and the reflux tube (46) are both transparent; the output tube (42) is provided with an output tube airbag (422), and the reflux tube (46) is provided with a reflux tube airbag (464); one second inflation device (45) is connected to the output tube (42) and communicated with the output tube airbag (422); the other second inflation device (45) is connected to the reflux tube (46) and communicated with the reflux tube (46).

8. The artificial liver system teaching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blood purification host system (2) comprises a purifier holder (22) and a third inflation device (26), wherein the purifier holder (22) is located in front of the operation panel (1), and the third inflation device (26) is located behind the operation panel (1); the blood purification pipeline (3) comprises a simulated purifier (32), wherein the simulated purifier (32) has a purifier airbag (321); the purifier holder (22) fixes the simulated purifier (32), and the purifier airbag (321) is connected to the third inflation device (26).

9. The artificial liver system teaching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blood purification host system (2) comprises a venous pot seat (23) and a fourth inflation device (27), wherein the venous pot seat (23) is located in front of the operation panel (1), and the fourth inflation device (27) is located behind the operation panel (1); the blood purification pipeline (3) comprises a venous pot (33), and the venous pot seat (23) fixes the venous pot (33); and the fourth inflation device (27) is communicated with the lower end of the venous pot (33).

10. The artificial liver system teaching device according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that: The panel cover (6) is hinged to the operation panel (1) and can be covered on the operation panel (1). The panel cover (6) is provided with a pipe connection diagram (61).

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