Water intake head device, method for manufacturing a water intake head device, and water intake system

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of water taking head, and provides a water taking head device, a preparation method of the water taking head device and a water taking system. The water taking head device comprises a water taking head body, a water inlet grid port, a base and a water guide plate. The base is internally formed with a channel. The water inlet grid port is arranged at the top of the base and is in communication with the channel. The water guide plate is arranged at the bottom of the base, and the water guide plate forms an extended channel of the channel. A box culvert is formed with a flow channel. A plurality of water taking bodies are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the flow channel. The extended channel extends into the flow channel, so that the average flow velocity of the plurality of water taking bodies reaches a flow velocity setting value. The water guide plate has a buffering effect on the incoming flowing water, so that the generation of turbulent flow can be avoided or reduced. The water guide plate extends into the flow channel to different depths, the average flow velocity of the corresponding water taking head body can be adjusted, so that the depth of the water guide plate extending into the flow channel can be inversely deduced according to the flow velocity setting value, and the generation of turbulent flow in the flow channel can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water intake head technology, specifically to a water intake head device, a method for preparing the water intake head device, and a water intake system. Background Technology

[0002] For coastal thermal power plants, seawater is typically used as the cooling medium in the cooling system. The water supply system introduces seawater into the pump forebay via a water intake system, where it is pressurized by pumps, exchanges heat with the condenser, and then discharged back into the sea.

[0003] In existing technologies, the intake head is the primary component of a water intake system. Various shapes and forms of intake heads have been developed for water intake engineering, and relatively complete design standards have been established. However, these existing intake head design technologies are not entirely applicable to seawater intake design because the ocean has a more complex engineering environment than rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Specifically, for an intake system with multiple intake heads, turbulence can easily form if the average flow velocities of the multiple intake heads are inconsistent. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the average flow velocity of multiple water intake heads is inconsistent in the prior art, which easily leads to turbulence, thereby providing a water intake head device that can avoid the formation of turbulence.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a water intake head device, comprising: a water intake head body, including a water inlet grid, a base, and a water guide plate, wherein a channel is formed within the base, the water inlet grid is located at the top of the base and communicates with the channel, the water guide plate is located at the bottom of the base, and the water guide plate constitutes an extension channel of the channel; a culvert, forming a flow channel; wherein, a plurality of water intake bodies are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the flow channel, the extension channel extends into the flow channel, such that the average flow velocity of the plurality of water intake bodies reaches a set flow velocity value.

[0006] Preferably, the depth of the plurality of extended channels extending into the flow channel decreases sequentially from one end of the flow channel to the other end.

[0007] Preferably, in use, the water guide plate of the water intake head body near the shore is inclined, and one end of the water guide plate of the water intake head body near the shore is connected to the corresponding base, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the culvert.

[0008] Preferably, in use, the water guide plate of the water intake head body away from the shore includes a first baffle and a second baffle. One end of the first baffle is connected to the corresponding base and is inclined. One end of the second baffle is connected to the other end of the first baffle. The second baffle is horizontally arranged and extends away from the shore.

[0009] Preferably, the water intake head body is configured as three.

[0010] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a water intake head device, used to prepare any of the water intake head devices described in the present invention. The method includes: preparing a water intake head model of the water intake head device according to a design ratio, wherein the water intake head model includes a water intake head body model and a box culvert model; placing the water intake head model in water; measuring the flow velocity of each water intake head body model and calculating the average flow velocity of each water intake head body model; adjusting the depth of the extension channel model of the water intake head body model extending into the box culvert model so that the ratio of the average flow velocity of the water intake head body model to a set flow velocity value satisfies a preset ratio, wherein the preset ratio is the ratio of the set flow velocity value to the average flow velocity of the water intake head body model; determining the depth of the corresponding water intake head body model extending into the box culvert model according to the average flow velocity of the water intake head body model that satisfies the ratio, and determining the depth of the water intake head body extending into the box culvert model according to the design ratio.

[0011] As a preferred option, based on the Froude number F r The principle of similarity, based on F rp =F rm , Among them, F rp The Frod number with prototype, F rm The model's Frod number is given, V is the flow velocity, g is the gravitational acceleration, and L is the reference dimension. A linear ratio is used. x represents the design ratio, which is the preset ratio obtained. according to Among them, Q m For the model's flow, Q P For the prototype of the flow, v p V is the setpoint for the flow rate. m To obtain the average flow velocity of the head model, we get:

[0012] Linearity:

[0013] Area ratio:

[0014] Volume ratio:

[0015] Flow rate ratio:

[0016] Flow ratio:

[0017] Time ratio:

[0018] Preferably, the average flow velocity of the first water intake body near the shore is 0.298 m / s, the average flow velocity of the second water intake body is 0.298 m / s, and the average flow velocity of the third water intake body is 0.304 m / s.

[0019] Preferably, the flow velocity of each water intake head body model is measured by a velocity measuring instrument.

[0020] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention also provides a water intake system, including any of the water intake head devices described in the present invention.

[0021] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The water intake head device provided by the present invention forms an extension channel of the flow channel of the base through a water guide plate, so that water entering the channel from the water inlet grid port enters the flow channel along the extension channel. The water guide plate has a buffering effect on the incoming water flow, which can avoid or reduce the generation of turbulence. By adjusting the depth of the water guide plate extending into the flow channel, the average flow velocity of the corresponding water intake head body can be adjusted. Thus, the depth of the water guide plate extending into the flow channel can be calculated based on the set flow velocity setting value, thereby avoiding the generation of turbulence in the flow channel.

[0023] 2. The water intake head device provided by the present invention guides the flow by setting a first baffle and a second baffle to further guide the flow, so that the water flows into the flow channel in the same direction as the flow channel, which can further avoid the generation of turbulence in the flow channel. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the water intake head device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the first water intake head body near the shore of the water intake head device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the second water intake head body near the shore of the water intake head device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the third water intake head body near the shore of the water intake head device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation method of the water intake head device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 110 - Water intake head body; 120 - Box culvert; 130 - Precast concrete pile; 140 - Lifting hole;

[0032] 111 - Water inlet mesh; 113 - Base; 115 - Water guide plate;

[0033] 1131-Channel;

[0034] 121-Flow channel;

[0035] 1151 - First baffle; 1153 - Second baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 A specific embodiment of the water intake head device shown is provided. The water intake head device includes: a water intake head body 110 and a box culvert 120. The water intake head body 110 includes a water inlet grid 111, a base 113 and a water guide plate 115. A channel 1131 is formed in the base 113. The water inlet grid 111 is located at the top of the base 113 and communicates with the channel 1131. The water guide plate 115 is located at the bottom of the base 113 and forms an extension channel 1131 of the channel 1131. The box culvert 120 forms a flow channel 121. Multiple water intake bodies are arranged sequentially at intervals along the extension direction of the flow channel 121. The extension channel 1131 extends into the flow channel 121, so that the average flow velocity of the multiple water intake bodies reaches a set flow velocity value.

[0042] The extension direction of the flow channel 121 of the aforementioned box culvert 120 is the extension direction of the box culvert 120 in length. Along the extension direction of the box culvert 120, multiple water intake heads 110 are arranged sequentially at intervals. Each water intake head 110 has a support bracket, with a top cover connected to the top. The top cover has lifting holes 140 for easy hoisting of the water intake head device. The base 113 may be cylindrical, with a vertically penetrating channel 1131 forming inside, connecting the grid inlet to the flow channel 121 of the box culvert 120. A vertical distance is formed between the top of the base 113 and the cover plate for setting the water inlet grid 111. A grid frame is set between the side of the top cover facing the base 113 and the top of the base 113. The grid frame is arranged in a frustum shape, and the inner diameter of the grid frame gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0043] The grid frame includes multiple water-blocking strips arranged at intervals, forming a grid frame. A water inlet 111 is formed between adjacent water-blocking strips. The top of the base 113 forms a ring and is connected to the support. The grid frame is located at the top edge of the base 113, allowing incoming water to enter the channel 1131 along the top surface of the base 113. The top surface of the base 113 acts as a buffer for the water entering from the water inlet 111, reducing turbulence. The base 113 can be integrally formed with the support to ensure overall structural strength.

[0044] Specifically, the support frame includes four support columns, the tops of which penetrate the top cover. Lifting holes 140 are provided on the portions of the support columns extending beyond the top cover. The bottom of the base 113 can be integrally formed with the box culvert 120. One end of the baffle plate can be integrally formed with the side wall of the box culvert 120 and the base 113, while the other end of the baffle plate is integrally formed with the bottom wall of the box culvert 120, forming an extension channel 1131. This allows water entering the channel 1131 from the inlet grid 111 to flow into the flow channel 121 along the extension channel 1131. More specifically, the top cover, base 113, support frame, and box culvert 120 can all be constructed by concrete casting, and the cross-section of the box culvert 120 can be rectangular. Lifting holes 140 are also provided on the top of the box culvert 120 to facilitate the overall lifting of the water intake device.

[0045] When in use, the aforementioned water intake device can be positioned 1667m offshore, with the top elevation of the intake at -6.85m. It utilizes precast concrete piles 130, approximately 30m long and 900mm in diameter, which can support the box culvert 120. The characteristic tidal levels of the sea area are as follows: lowest astronomical tide: -1.85m; average spring tide low: -1.10m; average neap tide low: -0.40m; average sea level: 0.00m; average neap tide high: 0.39m; average spring tide high: 1.09m; highest astronomical tide: 1.60m. The water delivery flow rate can reach 55.05 m³ / s.

[0046] Furthermore, the depth of the multiple extension channels 1131 extending into the flow channel 121 decreases sequentially from one end of the flow channel 121 to the other end.

[0047] The aforementioned depth refers to the length of the extension channel 1131 extending into the flow channel 121 and away from the base 113. The depth of the extension channel 1131 extending into the flow channel 121 can also be understood as the height of the lower end of the baffle plate from the top wall of the culvert 120. When the water intake device is in use, the flow channel 121 extends from near the shore to away from the shore. As the flow channel 121 extends away from the shore, the water flow velocity will vary. To avoid severe turbulence within the flow channel 121, the average flow velocity of each water intake head 110 needs to be close to the set flow velocity value. This can also be understood as follows: when the average flow velocities of multiple water intake head 110 are equal, or nearly equal, turbulence within the flow channel 121 can be avoided or reduced. For example, if the deviation of the average flow velocities of multiple water intake head 110 is within ±0.005 m / s, then the average flow velocities of the multiple water intake head 110 can be considered equal.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, in use, the water guide plate 115 of the water intake head body 110 near the shore is inclined, and one end of the water guide plate 115 near the shore is connected to the corresponding base 113, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the box culvert 120. Specifically, the water guide plate 115 near the shore can guide the water flow, and the inclined arrangement of the water guide plate 115 can further weaken the turbulence. The water guide plate 115 extends from top to bottom to the inner bottom of the flow channel 121.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in use, the water guide plate 115 of the water intake head body 110 away from the shore includes a first baffle 1151 and a second baffle 1153. One end of the first baffle 1151 is connected to the corresponding base 113 and is inclined. One end of the second baffle 1153 is connected to the other end of the first baffle 1151 and is horizontally set. The second baffle 1153 extends in the direction away from the shore.

[0050] As the water flow increases with distance from the shore, the flow velocity becomes more turbulent. To prevent turbulence within the channel 121, the first baffle 1151 is inclined to guide the water flow. The second baffle 1153 is horizontally positioned so that after flowing down the first baffle 1151, the water is blocked by the second baffle 1153, causing the flow to change direction before entering the channel 121 along the second baffle 1153. This effectively prevents the generation of turbulence. When the second baffle 1153 is horizontally positioned, the depth to which it extends into the channel 121 can also be measured by the distance between the second baffle 1153 and the top of the channel 121.

[0051] Furthermore, if there are three water intake heads 110, then in the use state, the water intake head 110 closest to the coast is the first water intake head, and then the second and third water intake heads are successively located away from the coast. When the average flow velocity of the first water intake head is 0.298 m / s, the average flow velocity of the second water intake head is 0.298 m / s, and the average flow velocity of the third water intake head is 0.304 m / s, it can be considered that the average flow velocity of the three water intake heads 110 is close to the design requirement of 0.3 m / s.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] As shown in Figure 5, a method for preparing a water intake head device is provided, which is used to prepare any of the water intake head devices described above. The method for preparing the water intake head device includes the following steps:

[0054] Step S101: Prepare the water intake head model of the water intake head device according to the design ratio, wherein the water intake head model includes the water intake head body model and the box culvert 120 model;

[0055] Step S103: Place the water intake model in the water;

[0056] Step S105: Measure the flow velocity of each water intake head body model and calculate the average flow velocity of each water intake head body model;

[0057] Step S107: Adjust the depth of the extension channel 121 model of the water intake head body model into the box culvert 120 model so that the ratio of the average flow velocity of the water intake head body model to the flow velocity setting value meets the preset ratio, wherein the preset ratio is the ratio of the flow velocity setting value to the average flow velocity of the water intake head body model.

[0058] Step S109: Determine the depth of the intake head body model into the box culvert 120 model based on the average flow velocity of the intake head body model that can meet the ratio, and determine the depth of the intake head body 110 into the box culvert 120 model based on the design ratio.

[0059] Furthermore, based on the Froude number F r The principle of similarity, based on Among them, F rp The Frod number with prototype, F rm Let V be the Frod number of the model, V be the flow velocity (m / s), and g be the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m / s²). 2 ), where L is the reference dimension, and the linear ratio is taken: x represents the design ratio, resulting in the preset ratio: according to Among them, Q m For the model's flow, Q P For the prototype of the flow, v pV is the setpoint for the flow rate. m To obtain the average flow velocity of the head model, we get:

[0060] Linearity:

[0061] Area ratio:

[0062] Volume ratio:

[0063] Flow rate ratio:

[0064] Flow ratio:

[0065] Time ratio:

[0066] The above Among them, Q m For the model's flow, Q P Traffic as a prototype, according to F rp =F rm , Among them, F rp The Frod number with prototype, F rm Let V be the Frod number of the model, V be the flow velocity (m / s), and g be the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m / s²). 2 L is the reference dimension. The above-mentioned water intake head model has the same structure as the water intake head device. By making the water intake head model and according to the Froude number F... r Similarity principle, L p L is the reference dimension for the prototype. m L is the reference dimension for the model; p 2 For the area of ​​the prototype, L m 2 L represents the area of ​​the model. p 3 For the volume of the prototype, L m 3 V is the volume of the model; p The flow rate of the prototype, V m V represents the flow rate of the model. p L p For the prototype of the flow, V m L m For the model's flow rate; L p / L m For the prototype time, V p / V m X represents the model time; X is the linear ratio.

[0067] By calculating the dimensions of each intake head body model, and then continuously adjusting the height of the intake head body model extending into the culvert model away from the shore, the average flow velocity of each intake head body model can be made approximately equal to the Froude number F. r The model flow velocity value calculated using the similarity principle can be taken as the insertion height of the head body corresponding to the corresponding average flow velocity, which is then used as the height of the head body model. Then, the Froude number F is applied. r The similarity principle is used to calculate the depth to which the baffle plate of the water intake head body of the corresponding water intake device extends into the flow channel.

[0068] Furthermore, the average flow velocity of the first water intake head 110 near the shore is 0.298 m / s, the average flow velocity of the second water intake head is 0.298 m / s, and the average flow velocity of the third water intake head 110 is 0.304 m / s.

[0069] Taking three water intake heads 110 as an example, the depth of the baffle plate extending into the flow channel 121 when the average flow velocity of the first water intake head is 0.298 m / s, the depth of the baffle plate extending into the flow channel 121 when the average flow velocity of the second water intake head is 0.298 m / s, and the depth of the baffle plate extending into the flow channel 121 when the average flow velocity of the third water intake head is 0.304 m / s are all taken. In this case, the flow velocity will be very close to the design requirement of 0.3 m / s. The measured flow velocity value of each water intake head 110 is slightly higher or slightly lower than 0.3 m / s, which is due to the turbulence effect.

[0070] Furthermore, the flow velocity of each water intake head model is measured by a velocity meter, which has high accuracy. The overflow in the model is controlled by an overflow trough, ensuring the accuracy of the velocity measurement.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] A water intake system includes any one of the following water intake head devices. The water intake system mainly includes a circulating water pump, a pressurized water supply pipeline, a condenser, and a return water pipeline, such that the water intake system can form the following water flow path: [The text abruptly ends here, so the translation stops as well.] Water intake head body Box culvert 120 Circulating water pump Pressure water supply pipeline Condenser Return water pipe Desulfurization process gutter Drainage open channel The sea.

[0073] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A water intake head device, characterized in that, include: The water intake head body (110) includes a water inlet grid (111), a base (113), and a water guide plate (115). A channel (1131) is formed inside the base (113). The water inlet grid (111) is located at the top of the base (113) and communicates with the channel (1131). The water guide plate (115) is located at the bottom of the base (113) and constitutes an extension channel (1131) of the channel (1131). The box culvert (120) forms a flow channel (121); Among them, multiple water intake heads are arranged sequentially at intervals along the extension direction of the flow channel (121), and the extension channel (1131) extends into the flow channel (121) so that the average flow velocity of the multiple water intake heads reaches the set flow velocity value. The depth to which the plurality of extended channels (1131) extend into the flow channel (121) decreases sequentially from one end of the flow channel (121) to the other end; In use, the water guide plate (115) of the water intake head body (110) near the shore is inclined, and one end of the water guide plate (115) of the water intake head body (110) near the shore is connected to the corresponding base (113), and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the box culvert (120). In use, the water guide plate (115) of the water intake head body (110) away from the shore includes a first baffle (1151) and a second baffle (1153). One end of the first baffle (1151) is connected to the corresponding base (113) and is inclined. One end of the second baffle (1153) is connected to the other end of the first baffle (1151), and the second baffle (1153) is horizontally arranged and extends away from the shore.

2. The water intake head device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water intake head body (110) is configured as three.

3. A method for preparing a water intake head device, used to prepare a water intake head device as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The method for preparing the water intake head includes: The water intake head model of the water intake head device is prepared according to the design ratio, wherein the water intake head model includes a water intake head body (110) model and a box culvert (120) model; Place the water intake model in the water; The flow velocity of each of the water intake head body (110) models is measured, and the average flow velocity of each of the water intake head body (110) models is calculated; Adjust the depth of the extension channel (1131) model of the water intake head body (110) model into the box culvert (120) model so that the ratio of the average flow velocity of the water intake head body (110) model to the flow velocity setting value meets the preset ratio. The depth to which the water intake head body (110) model penetrates the box culvert (120) model is determined according to the average flow velocity of the water intake head body (110) model that can satisfy the ratio, and the depth to which the water intake head body (110) extends into the box culvert (120) is determined according to the design ratio.

4. The method for preparing the water intake head device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on Froude number The principle of similarity, based on , ,in, The prototype of the Frode number, The model's Frod number is given, V is the flow velocity, g is the gravitational acceleration, and L is the reference dimension. A linear ratio is used. x is the design ratio, the obtained preset ratio ;according to , where Q m For the model's traffic, For the prototype of the flow, v p V is the setpoint for the flow rate. m To obtain the average flow velocity of the head model, we get: Area ratio: Volume ratio: Flow rate ratio: Flow ratio: Time ratio: .

5. The method for preparing the water intake head device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The average flow velocity of the first water intake head (110) near the shore is 0.298 m / s, the average flow velocity of the second water intake head is 0.298 m / s, and the average flow velocity of the third water intake head (110) is 0.304 m / s.

6. The method for preparing the water intake head device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow velocity of each of the water intake head bodies (110) models was measured by a velocity measuring instrument.

7. A water intake system, characterized in that, Includes the water intake head device as described in any one of claims 1 to 2.

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