A heat exchange unit based on fluidics design and compact solar heat absorber

Abstract

This invention provides a heat exchange unit and a compact solar absorber based on jet design, relating to the field of solar absorber technology. The jet-based heat exchange unit includes: a hot sidewall and a non-hot sidewall arranged opposite each other, with multiple horizontal medium channels formed between them. Adjacent medium channels are spaced apart. The non-hot sidewall includes multiple continuously arranged sub-non-hot sidewalls, each sub-non-hot sidewall corresponding to one medium channel. Each sub-non-hot sidewall has multiple medium inlets and medium outlets, spaced apart. The medium inlets are used to jet cold medium toward the hot sidewall. The solution provided by this invention can reduce pressure drop losses in the channels and improve heat exchange performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar absorber technology, and in particular to a heat exchange unit based on jet design and a compact solar absorber. Background Technology

[0002] In solar thermal power generation systems based on the direct supercritical CO2 (S-CO2) Brayton cycle, the S-CO2 receiver is the core component for achieving photothermal conversion. The S-CO2 receiver must effectively absorb high-density, non-uniform solar energy flow while maintaining a high-pressure operating environment (Brayton cycle: ≥20MPa), which places higher demands on its safe and efficient operation. Safe and efficient operation under high temperature and high pressure conditions has become one of the major challenges in the research and development of S-CO2 receivers. To date, the main application forms of S-CO2 receivers are thick-walled tubular receivers and compact receivers based on a fine-channel design. Among them, the compact receiver uses fine channels as the basic heat exchange unit; its small hydraulic diameter and large specific surface area give it good pressure resistance and excellent thermal performance. Previous studies have preliminarily demonstrated that compact solar receivers have advantages such as high thermal efficiency (90%) and long lifespan, making them one of the most promising forms of S-CO2 receivers.

[0003] While compact receivers and tubular receivers based on narrow-channel designs exhibit excellent heat transfer performance, improving their performance remains crucial when facing high-density, non-uniform, periodically alternating external solar flux. Simultaneously, narrow-scale channels introduce excessive pressure loss. Therefore, reducing the pressure drop across the channels is also essential. Furthermore, jet technology, which acts on the hot wall surface via an impingement-jet action, provides the internal fluid with strong heat transfer capabilities. Simultaneously, the shorter flow length results in lower pressure loss within the channel. However, this technology has not been applied in tower solar thermal power generation.

[0004] To address the above issues, this patent proposes a tower-type compact solar absorber based on jet design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat exchange unit and a compact solar absorber based on jet design to solve the problems existing in the prior art, reduce the pressure drop loss of the channel and improve the heat exchange performance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] This invention provides a heat exchange unit based on jet design, comprising: a hot sidewall plate and a non-hot sidewall plate arranged opposite to each other, forming a plurality of horizontal medium channels between the hot sidewall plate and the non-hot sidewall plate, with adjacent medium channels spaced apart, the non-hot sidewall plate comprising a plurality of continuously arranged sub-non-hot sidewall plates, each sub-non-hot sidewall plate corresponding to one medium channel, each sub-non-hot sidewall plate having a plurality of medium inlets and medium outlets, the medium inlets and medium outlets being spaced apart, the medium inlets being used to jet cold medium toward the hot sidewall plate.

[0008] Preferably, the system further includes a distribution and manifold integration plate and a manifold plate. The distribution and manifold integration plate, the manifold plate, the non-heated sidewall plate, and the heated sidewall plate are stacked sequentially. The manifold plate is provided with multiple vertical manifold channels. The bottom surface of each manifold channel is provided with multiple manifold holes. Each manifold hole corresponds to a medium outlet. The medium flowing out of the medium outlet can pass through the manifold holes and collect in the manifold channels. The distribution and manifold integration plate is provided with several rows of branch holes and several rows of main manifold holes. The manifold plate is provided with intermediate holes corresponding to the branch holes. An inlet header and an outlet header are provided on one side of the distribution and manifold integration plate. One row of branch holes corresponds to one inlet header, and one row of main manifold holes corresponds to one outlet header.

[0009] The cold medium in the inlet header can be jetted onto the hot side wall plate after passing through the diversion hole, the intermediate hole and the medium inlet in sequence.

[0010] The medium in the medium channel can flow sequentially through the medium outlet, the manifold, the manifold channel, and the main manifold before flowing into the outlet header.

[0011] The present invention also provides a compact solar absorber, including a heat exchange module and a bracket, wherein the heat exchange module is fixedly mounted on the bracket and the heat exchange module includes a plurality of heat exchange units as described above.

[0012] Preferably, it includes a cold medium source, which is connected to the main inlet of the absorber. The cold medium source is used to introduce high-pressure cold medium into the main inlet of the absorber. The main inlet of the absorber is connected to each of the heat exchange units through a diversion system.

[0013] Preferably, the heat exchange units are arranged in parallel and form a cylindrical structure.

[0014] Preferably, the cooling medium is low-temperature S-CO2.

[0015] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0016] This invention applies a cold medium to a hot wall surface via an impact-jet flow, thereby enhancing the heat exchange capacity of the internal fluid. Simultaneously, the shorter flow length results in minimal pressure loss within the channel. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the compact solar absorber provided in Embodiment 2;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The front view;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange unit based on jet design provided in Embodiment 1;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A view from another direction;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Exploded view;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal sidewall panel;

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The front view;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the non-thermal sidewall panel.

[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The front view;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the busbar structure;

[0028] Figure 11 for Figure 10 The front view;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the busbar integration board;

[0030] Figure 13 for Figure 12 The front view;

[0031] In the diagram: 1-Heat exchange unit; 2-Support; 3-Heat absorber main inlet; 4-Heat absorber main outlet; 101-Heat exchange unit medium inlet; 102-Heat exchange unit medium outlet; 103-Inlet header; 104-Outlet header; 105-Diverter integrated plate; 106-Member plate; 107-Non-thermal side wall plate; 108-Hot side wall plate; 1051-Diverter hole; 1052-Main manifold hole; 1061-Intermediate hole; 1062-Member channel; 1071-Medium inlet; 1072-Medium outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat exchange unit and a compact solar absorber based on jet design to solve the problems existing in the prior art, reduce the pressure drop loss of the channel and improve the heat exchange performance.

[0034] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This embodiment provides a heat exchange unit 1 based on jet design, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, it includes: a hot sidewall 108 and a non-hot sidewall 107 arranged opposite to each other, forming multiple horizontal medium channels between the hot sidewall 108 and the non-hot sidewall 107, with adjacent medium channels separated. The non-hot sidewall 107 includes multiple sub-non-hot sidewalls 107 arranged continuously, with one sub-non-hot sidewall 107 corresponding to one medium channel. Each sub-non-hot sidewall 107 is provided with multiple medium inlets 1071 and medium outlets 1072, with the medium inlets 1071 and medium outlets 1072 arranged at intervals. The medium inlets 1071 are used to jet cold medium toward the hot sidewall 108.

[0037] Multiple media channels are arranged in parallel. Each media channel can be arranged continuously or intermittently. When the media channels are arranged intermittently, one media channel is divided into multiple discontinuous sub-media channels. Each sub-media channel is equipped with a media inlet 1071 and a media outlet 1072.

[0038] The heat exchange unit 1 based on jet design provided in this embodiment uses a jet method to make the cold medium impact the hot side wall plate 108. The jet method can make the heat exchange unit 1 have a higher heat exchange capacity. At the same time, each medium channel has multiple spaced medium inlets 1071 and medium outlets 1072, thereby shortening the flow path of the medium in the medium channel. The smaller flow path makes the pressure drop smaller.

[0039] The improved heat exchange capacity significantly enhances the thermal efficiency of the absorber. Furthermore, the increased heat exchange capacity results in a lower temperature gradient within heat exchange unit 1, reducing thermal stress and ensuring safe operation of the absorber.

[0040] In some embodiments, such as Figures 6 to 13 As shown, the heat exchange unit 1 based on jet design provided in this embodiment also includes a distribution and confluence plate 105 and a confluence plate 106. The distribution and confluence plate 105, the confluence plate 106, the non-heated side wall plate 107, and the heated side wall plate 108 are stacked sequentially. The confluence plate 106 is provided with multiple vertical confluence channels 1062, and the bottom surface of the confluence channels 1062 is provided with multiple confluence holes. Each confluence hole corresponds to a medium outlet 1072, and the medium flowing out from the medium outlet 1072 can... After passing through the manifold holes and converging into the manifold channel 1062, the manifold integration plate 105 is provided with several rows of manifold holes 1051 and several rows of main manifold holes 1052. The manifold plate 106 is provided with intermediate holes 1061 corresponding to the manifold holes 1051. An inlet header 103 and an outlet header 104 are provided on one side of the manifold integration plate 105. One row of manifold holes 1051 corresponds to one inlet header 103, and one row of main manifold holes 1052 corresponds to one outlet header 104.

[0041] The cold medium in the inlet header 103 can be jetted onto the hot side wall plate 108 after passing through the diversion hole 1051, the intermediate hole 1061 and the medium inlet 1071 in sequence.

[0042] The high-temperature medium in the medium channel can flow into the outlet header 104 after passing through the medium outlet 1072, the manifold, the manifold channel 1062 and the main manifold 1052 in sequence.

[0043] Specifically, the hot sidewall 108 has multiple strip-shaped protrusions on the side facing the non-hot sidewall 107, and a medium channel is formed between adjacent strip-shaped protrusions.

[0044] The busbar integrated plate 105, busbar plate 106, non-heated side wall plate 107 and heated side wall plate 108 are welded together or detachably connected by other means. If necessary, sealing gaskets are placed between adjacent plates to isolate cold and high temperature media.

[0045] A heat exchange unit medium inlet 101 is provided in the middle of the inlet header 103, and a heat exchange unit medium outlet 102 is provided in the middle of the outlet header 104.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] This embodiment provides a compact solar absorber, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, it includes a heat exchange module and a support 2. The heat exchange module is fixedly mounted on the support 2. The heat exchange module includes multiple heat exchange units 1 as described in Embodiment 1.

[0048] It also includes a cold medium source, which is connected to the main inlet 3 of the absorber. The cold medium source is used to introduce high-pressure cold medium into the main inlet 3 of the absorber. The main inlet 3 of the absorber is connected to each heat exchange unit 1 through a diversion system.

[0049] In use, the cold medium in the cold medium source is jetted onto the hot side wall plate 108 after passing through the main inlet 3 of the heat absorber, the diversion system, the inlet header 103, the diversion hole 1051, the intermediate hole 1061 and the medium inlet 1071.

[0050] After heat exchange, the high-temperature medium flows sequentially through the medium outlet 1072, the manifold, the manifold channel 1062 and the main manifold 1052, the outlet header 104, the manifold system and the absorber's main outlet 4 into the high-temperature medium storage chamber.

[0051] In some embodiments, multiple heat exchange units 1 are arranged side by side and form a cylindrical structure.

[0052] In some embodiments, the cooling medium is low-temperature S-CO2.

[0053] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A compact solar thermal absorber, characterized in that: The device includes a heat exchange module and a support frame. The heat exchange module is fixedly mounted on the support frame. The heat exchange module includes multiple heat exchange units, each including a hot sidewall and a non-hot sidewall arranged opposite each other. Multiple horizontal medium channels are formed between the hot sidewall and the non-hot sidewall, and adjacent medium channels are separated. The non-hot sidewall includes multiple horizontal sub-non-hot sidewalls arranged continuously. The multiple sub-non-hot sidewalls are parallel and connected sequentially. Each sub-non-hot sidewall corresponds to one medium channel. Multiple medium inlets and medium outlets are provided on each sub-non-hot sidewall, and the medium inlets and medium outlets are spaced apart. The medium inlets are used to jet cold medium toward the hot sidewall. The heat exchange unit also includes a distribution and manifold integrated plate and a manifold plate. The distribution and manifold integrated plate, the manifold plate, the non-thermal sidewall plate, and the thermal sidewall plate are stacked sequentially. The manifold plate is provided with multiple vertical manifold channels. The bottom surface of the manifold channels is provided with multiple manifold holes. Each manifold hole corresponds to a medium outlet. The medium flowing out of the medium outlet can pass through the manifold holes and collect in the manifold channels. The distribution and manifold integrated plate is provided with several rows of distribution holes and several rows of main manifold holes. The manifold plate is provided with an intermediate hole corresponding to the distribution holes. An inlet header and an outlet header are provided on one side of the distribution and manifold integrated plate. One row of distribution holes corresponds to one inlet header, and one row of main manifold holes corresponds to one outlet header. The cold medium in the inlet header can be jetted onto the hot side wall plate after passing through the diversion hole, the intermediate hole and the medium inlet in sequence. The high-temperature medium in the medium channel can flow sequentially through the medium outlet, the manifold, the manifold channel, and the main manifold before flowing into the outlet header.

2. The compact solar absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a cold medium source, which is connected to the main inlet of the heat absorber. The cold medium source is used to introduce high-pressure cold medium into the main inlet of the heat absorber. The main inlet of the heat absorber is connected to each of the heat exchange units through a diversion system.

3. The compact solar absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple heat exchange units are arranged side by side to form a cylindrical structure.

4. The compact solar absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling medium is low-temperature S-CO2.

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