Herbicide composition for controlling cyperus iria, method of preparation and use thereof

Abstract

The application provides a herbicide composition for preventing and treating cyperus iria, a preparation method and application thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem of lacking effective and controllable herbicide for cyperus iria and various monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds in the field. The herbicide composition is composed of effective components and necessary adjuvants, wherein the effective components are composed of atrazine, halosulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl and fluroxypyr according to a weight ratio of 9.0-54.0:0.75-3.0:0.75-3.8:1.5-6.5. The herbicide composition has rapid and effective prevention and control effects on common annual grass weeds and broadleaf weeds in the millet field, and can eradicate the malignant weed cyperus iria. The herbicide composition is safe to the millet, and can also play a certain role in controlling the growth of the millet, reduce the plant height of the millet, reduce the risk of lodging of the millet, and improve the yield of the millet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of weed control technology, specifically to a herbicide composition for controlling Cyperus rotundus in rice paddies, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Millet ( Setariaitalica Beauv. Rice is a major specialty grain crop in the arid and semi-arid regions of northern my country, possessing advantages such as drought resistance, tolerance to poor soil, rich nutrition, and dual use as both food and forage. Rice paddies are prone to a wide variety of weeds, with over 30 common weeds belonging to 13 families. Monocotyledonous weeds include those from the Poaceae and Cyperaceae families, while dicotyledonous weeds include those from the Euphorbiaceae, Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae, Amaranthaceae, Portulacaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Malvaceae, Moraceae, Zygophyllaceae, Rubiaceae, and Asteraceae families. Weed infestation in rice paddies is severe, especially the Cyperaceae plant *Cyperus rotundus* (Cyperus rotundus). Cyperusrotundus Nutgrass is one of the ten most difficult-to-control noxious weeds in my country. It is distributed in most parts of my country and its damage is most severe from March to November, which is the growing season of millet. It competes with millet for water, light and fertilizer resources, seriously affecting the yield and quality of millet and restricting the development of the millet industry.

[0003] Millet is sensitive to most herbicides, and currently, there are relatively few mature and safe millet herbicides available for production, mainly including herbicides such as chlorpyrifos, sodium 2,4-D, and butyl ester. These are insufficient for integrated post-emergence control of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop herbicide compositions for post-emergence control of nutgrass and various monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds in millet fields, enabling integrated weed control and effectively solving the weed control problem in millet fields.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the background technology of this disclosure and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a herbicide composition for controlling Cyperus rotundus in rice paddies, a preparation method therefor, and its application, aiming to solve the technical problem of lacking effective and phytotoxic herbicides for Cyperus rotundus, one of the most difficult-to-control noxious weeds in rice paddies, as well as various monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds.

[0006] Based on long-term practical research, the inventors of this application have found that the combination of atrazine, chlorpyrifos, thifensulfuron-methyl, and ethoxysulfuron is effective in controlling various monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds in rice fields, especially Cyperus rotundus. The results are ideal and the phytotoxicity is controllable.

[0007] This application provides a herbicide composition for controlling Cyperus rotundus in rice paddies, containing an active ingredient and necessary adjuvants. The active ingredient is composed of atrazine, chlorpyrifos, thifensulfuron-methyl, and ethoxysulfuron in a mass ratio of 9.0–54.0: 0.75–3.0: 0.75–3.8: 1.5–6.5.

[0008] Furthermore, the active ingredient is composed of atrazine, clopyralid, thifensulfuron-methyl, and ethoxysulfuron in a mass ratio of 27.0–54.0: 1.5–3.0: 1.5–3.8: 2.8–6.0.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjuvant is at least one of natural plant essential oils such as orange peel oil, tangerine peel oil, and plant essential oils, and its dosage is 7-35% of the mass of the active ingredient.

[0010] This application also provides a method for preparing the herbicide composition, comprising the following steps:

[0011] At every 666.7m 2 For the application of 90% atrazine, take 10-60g of 90% atrazine, 1g-4g of 75% chlorpyrifos, 1g-5g of 75% thifensulfuron, and 10ml-40ml of 10% ethoxysulfuron. Add 10ml of commonly used agricultural adjuvants or solvents, add water and mix evenly to form a mother liquor. When using, dilute with water to 25-35kg and then spray.

[0012] Furthermore, the method for preparing the herbicide composition includes the following steps:

[0013] At every 666.7m 2 For the application of this product, take 30g of 90% atrazine, 2g-2.5g of 75% chlorpyrifos, 2.5g-3g of 75% thifensulfuron, and 20ml-30ml of 10% ethoxysulfuron. Add 10ml of commonly used agricultural adjuvants or solvents, add water, and mix evenly to form a stock solution. When using, dilute with water to 25-35kg and then spray.

[0014] This application also discloses the application of the herbicide composition to control Cyperus rotundus weed in millet fields.

[0015] This application also discloses the application of the herbicide composition to control monocot and / or dicot weeds in millet fields.

[0016] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects:

[0017] 1. The herbicide composition provided in this application, which combines four herbicides—atrazine, chlorpyrifos, thifensulfuron-methyl, and carboxyfluzamide—has a significant synergistic effect on the control of Cyperus rotundus compared to the single-agent formulation.

[0018] 2. The herbicide composition of this application can control a variety of weeds in millet fields with a single application during the seedling stage. It has a rapid and effective control effect on common annual grass and broadleaf weeds in millet fields. It can eradicate the noxious weed Cyperus rotundus and effectively control a variety of weeds such as wheat seedlings, wild oats, wild knotweed, lamb's quarters, wild amaranth, iron amaranth, duckweed, three-slope grass, Cyperus rotundus, purslane, milkweed, and purslane.

[0019] 3. The herbicide composition of this application is relatively safe for millet and also has a certain effect on controlling excessive growth, reducing millet plant height, reducing the risk of lodging, and increasing millet yield. Compared with the application of a single herbicide and manual weeding, it can achieve cost savings and efficiency gains. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to specific implementation methods.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, the pesticide and adjuvant raw materials involved in the following examples are all commercially available conventional raw materials; unless otherwise specified, the preparation methods, application methods and testing methods involved are all conventional methods.

[0022] Example 1:

[0023] 1. Experimental Design

[0024] Sifted soil was placed in a 27cm diameter plastic pot. Uniformly sized Cyperus rotundus tubers were selected and sown evenly on the soil surface along with millet seeds. The soil was covered with 3cm of soil and watered until moist. The potted plants were placed in an artificial climate chamber for cultivation. After emergence, thinning was carried out, leaving 30 millet and 30 Cyperus rotundus seedlings in each pot. When the millet had 4-5 leaves, the 19 treatments in Table 1 were sprayed with pesticides, with water as the control (CK). Each treatment was replicated 4 times.

[0025] Table 1. Dosage of each herbicide treatment

[0026] .

[0027] 2. Determination of the combined effects of the mixture

[0028] The synergistic effect of four herbicides was evaluated using the Collby method in NY / T 1155.7-2006, "Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Testing of Pesticides - Herbicides Part 7: Determination of Combined Effects of Mixtures". After treatment, the herbs were cultured for another 20 days, and then the Cyperus rotundus tubers, along with their underground corms, were dug up and weighed fresh.

[0029] Actual survival rate of Cyperus rotundus (%) = Fresh weight of treated Cyperus rotundus / Fresh weight of CK Cyperus rotundus × 100.

[0030] The theoretical survival rate of the compound agent E0 (%) = E1 × E2 × E3 × E4 / 100 3 .

[0031] E1, E2, E3, and E4 represent the actual survival rates of Cyperus rotundus treated with single-agent formulations of 90% atrazine, 75% chlorpyrifos, 75% thifensulfuron-methyl, and 10% ethoxysulfuron, respectively; E represents the actual survival rate of the corresponding compound treatment.

[0032] After mixing, E-E0 ≤ -10% indicates a synergistic effect, E-E0 ≥ 10% indicates an antagonistic effect, and E-E0 values ​​between ±10% indicate an additive effect.

[0033] 3. Herbicide phytotoxicity test on rice seedlings

[0034] Observe the symptoms of pesticide damage to millet, evaluate the severity of pesticide damage according to the classification of pesticide damage levels in my country's agricultural industry standards (Table 2), select 5 millet seedlings in each plot to measure the plant height, and calculate the plant height inhibition rate of the pesticide on the millet seedlings.

[0035] Plant height inhibition rate (%) = (CK plant height - treatment plant height) / CK plant height × 100.

[0036] Table 2 Classification Standards for Herbicide Damage Levels in Millet Plants

[0037] .

[0038] 4. Results of the pot experiment

[0039] This experiment determined the effect of the four agents in combination through pot experiments. As shown in Table 3, the E-E0 values ​​of the four different dosage treatments T16-T19 were all less than -10%, indicating that the combination of the four agents had a significant synergistic effect on the prevention and control of Cyperus rotundus compared with the single agent.

[0040] The synergistic effect of the four mixed treatments was in the order of T17 > T18 > T16 > T19. The control efficacies of the four mixed treatments against Cyperus rotundus were 56.5%, 92.4%, 97.5%, and 99.2%, respectively. Among them, T16, T17, and T18 caused relatively mild phytotoxicity to millet, all at level 1, with plant height inhibition rates of 0.2%, 2.5%, and 3.3%, respectively. Treatment T19 caused relatively severe phytotoxicity to millet, at level 4, with a plant height inhibition rate of 19.6%. It is evident that the T17 and T18 mixed treatments are relatively safe for millet growth and have good control effects against Cyperus rotundus, with a control efficacy of over 90%.

[0041] Table 3. Survival rate of Cyperus rotundus in different treatments 20 days after application.

[0042] .

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] 1. Experimental Design

[0045] The experiment was conducted in 2022 at the Henan Modern Agricultural Research and Development Base (Xinxiang, Henan). Sowing began on June 16th, with a density of 40,000 plants per 666.7m². 2 The residential area is 16 square meters. 2 (5 m × 3.2 m), with a 1 m isolation strip between plots. A total of 19 treatments were included in the experiment (see Table 1), with two control treatments: spraying with water without weeding (CK1) and manual weeding (CK2). The experiment was a randomized block design with three replicates. Foliar spraying was conducted in the evening on windless days after the millet had 4-5 leaves, using a sprayer at a flow rate of 30 kg / 666.7 m². 2 The CK2 treatment underwent manual weeding at the same time.

[0046] Twenty days after treatment, a fixed-point survey was conducted on the number of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds per unit area in each plot. Three points were selected along the diagonal of each plot, and the survey was conducted at each point for 1 meter. 2 The fresh weight control efficacy of the two types of weeds was calculated according to the formula based on the measured data. Yield was measured at maturity in each plot.

[0047] Fresh weight control efficacy (%) = (fresh weight of weeds in CK1 - fresh weight of weeds in the herbicide spraying area) / fresh weight of weeds in CK1 × 100.

[0048] 2. Results of field trials

[0049] A field survey of integrated weed control was conducted 20 days after herbicide application. The results (Table 4) showed that the four herbicides, used alone (T1-T15), achieved control efficiencies of 0%–65.7% against monocotyledonous weeds and 14.7%–79.1% against dicotyledonous weeds. The four mixed treatments (T16, T17, T18, and T19) achieved control efficiencies of 48.5%, 95.6%, 98.1%, and 99.2% against monocotyledonous weeds, and 87.9%, 99.3%, 99.5%, and 100% against dicotyledonous weeds, respectively. Manual weeding (CK2) achieved control efficiencies of 66.4% and 70.3% against monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds, respectively. Of the 19 herbicide treatments, only T17, T18, and T19 showed higher control efficiencies against both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds than CK2.

[0050] As can be seen from the yield results in Table 4, weeds have a significant impact on millet yield. Both herbicide application and manual weeding can increase yield compared to no weeding. However, among the 19 herbicide treatments, only T17 and T18 showed a significant yield increase compared to manual weeding in CK2, with increases of 16.58% and 14.30%, respectively.

[0051] Table 4. Efficacy of different herbicides against weeds in millet fields and phytotoxicity levels to millet.

[0052] .

[0053] In summary, the results of this experiment show that the weeding effect of using a single herbicide did not exceed that of manual weeding. However, manual weeding is labor-intensive and time-consuming, and it is difficult to eradicate noxious weeds such as Cyperus rotundus. The combination of four herbicides in this invention has a significant synergistic effect on the control of Cyperus rotundus compared to single agents. T17, T18, and T19 all achieved control efficacy of over 90% against Cyperus rotundus and other monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds in millet fields, exceeding the effect of manual weeding. However, T19 caused more severe phytotoxicity to millet, with a phytotoxicity level of 4 and a plant height inhibition rate of 19.6%, resulting in a yield reduction of 17.10% compared to manual weeding. In contrast, T17 and T18 caused less phytotoxicity to millet, with a phytotoxicity level of 1 and plant height inhibition rates of 2.5% and 3.3%, respectively. They can control excessive growth and reduce the risk of lodging in millet while ensuring safe application of the herbicides. T17 and T18 treatments can effectively control weeds in millet fields, reducing competition from weeds for nutrients, water, and space during millet growth, and increasing yield by 16.58% and 14.30% respectively compared to manual weeding.

[0054] This invention allows for the control of multiple weeds in millet fields with a single application during the seedling stage. It provides rapid and effective control of common annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in millet fields, eradicating the noxious weed *Cyperus rotundus* and effectively preventing the growth of wheat seedlings, wild oats, wild knotweed, lamb's quarters, wild amaranth, iron amaranth, duckweed, *Spatholobus suberectus*, *Cyperus rotundus*, *Cyperus rotundus*, *Solanum nigrum*, milkweed, purslane, and many other weeds. This invention is relatively safe for millet and also helps control excessive growth, reducing plant height, lowering the risk of lodging, and increasing yield. Compared to applying a single herbicide and manual weeding, it offers cost savings and increased efficiency.

[0055] Application Method: This experiment is for reference only. Based on experience in field application of this herbicide, this formula uses 30g of 90% atrazine, 2g-2.5g of 75% chlorpyrifos, 2.5g-3g of 75% thifensulfuron-methyl, and 20ml-30ml of 10% ethoxysulfuron, with 10ml of commonly used agricultural adjuvants or solvents added to prepare a stock solution. Apply per 666.7m³ 2One application kit, diluted with 30 kg of water, should be sprayed evenly across the entire field when the millet seedlings are 7 cm to 25 cm tall. For best results, spray when weeds have emerged mostly (around the 2-4 leaf stage). The best effect is achieved when the seedlings are around 10 cm tall. If the seedlings are too tall, spray in a targeted manner. For millet varieties resistant to the herbicide haloxyfop-R-methyl, spray haloxyfop-R-methyl 15-20 days after sowing, and then apply this formula after a 10-15 day interval to control other weeds. The dosages of atrazine, chlorpyrifos, thifensulfuron-methyl, and carboxyfluzamide in this formula can be adjusted according to the size of the seedlings within the above range; reduce the dosage for smaller seedlings and increase the dosage for larger seedlings.

[0056] Precautions

[0057] 1. The best time to apply pesticides is when the soil is sufficiently moist and the temperature is 20-30℃. If the temperature is high, it should be applied after 4 pm.

[0058] 2. This formula must not be used on other crops.

[0059] 3. If adverse weather conditions such as drought, high temperature, or low temperature occur after pesticide application, the leaves of millet may dry out and turn yellow, delaying growth. Generally, growth will resume after 10 to 15 days, without affecting the later growth and yield of millet.

[0060] 4. When spraying, it is strictly forbidden to mix with vegetable oil, other post-emergence herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, or foliar fertilizers, and do not spray repeatedly.

[0061] 5. Avoid spraying in low temperature and dry conditions, and refrain from using organophosphorus pesticides one week before and after application.

Claims

1. A herbicide composition for controlling Cyperus rotundus in rice paddies, comprising an active ingredient and necessary adjuvants, characterized in that, At every 666.7m 2 The effective ingredient dosage required for Gutian is calculated as follows: the effective ingredient consists of 27.0 g of atrazine, 1.5–1.875 g of chlorpyrifos, 1.875–2.25 g of thifensulfuron, and 2–3 ml of ethoxysulfuron.

2. The herbicide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjuvant is at least one of natural plant essential oils such as orange peel oil, tangerine peel oil, and plant essential oils, and its dosage is 7-35% of the mass of the active ingredient.

3. A method for preparing the herbicide composition according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: At every 666.7m 2 For the application of this product, take 30g of 90% atrazine, 2g-2.5g of 75% chlorpyrifos, 2.5g-3g of 75% thifensulfuron, and 20ml-30ml of 10% ethoxysulfuron. Add 10ml of commonly used agricultural adjuvants or solvents, add water, and mix evenly to form a stock solution. When using, dilute with water to 25-35kg and then spray.

4. The use of the herbicide composition of claim 1 in controlling Cyperus rotundus weed in millet fields.

5. The use of the herbicide composition of claim 1 in controlling monocotyledonous and / or dicotyledonous weeds in millet fields.