A portable and simple track over-standard detection device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a portable and simple track over-standard detection device, comprising a mobile frame fixed at both ends of the track, a fiber rope with a scale provided at one end of the mobile frame, a laser pen provided at the notch between the fiber rope and the mobile frame at one end, and a scale marked on the mobile frame at the other end. The interior of the mobile frame includes a fastening mechanism, and a gear is provided at the upper end of the fastening mechanism and located inside the mobile frame. The gear is contacted by the toothed plate to limit the counterclockwise rotation of the gear, and the force block is pulled to turn the crank to adjust the length of the fiber rope to the appropriate length to loosen the force block. At this time, the fiber rope is tightened, and the fiber rope and the path of the laser and the line segment of the laser landing point and the other end point of the fiber rope form a right triangle. By observing whether the scales of the fiber rope and the laser landing point are outside the red-marked area, it can be determined whether the track gauge and height unevenness of this track exceed the standard. The measurement results are convenient and intuitive, and the device has a simple structure and can be folded for easy carrying.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of track measurement, in particular to a portable and simple track over-standard detection device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern technology, due to the fact that the actual superelevation of curves is too large relative to the current speed, when the train passes through the curve, the wheels hit the lower rail, causing the lower rail to tilt outward, resulting in varying degrees of track gauge expansion or track gauge deviation due to poor fasteners, failure of rail sleeper shoulders, side wear of the rail head, etc.; a certain point or section of the track has deviations in flatness and horizontality on both sides due to connection and fixation by mechanical parts, and when the deviation exceeds the standard, it may cause a safety accident. The existing track over-standard measurement devices have limited measurement distances and mostly use fixed measurement, which has low measurement efficiency, large workload, and two sections that are too long, making measurement more troublesome.

[0003] Commonly used track measurement devices include the leveling instrument method, the autocollimator method, and the laser interferometer method. The leveling instrument method is analyzed using a common bubble level as an example. First, based on the accuracy requirements for the machine tool guide rail straightness error, a level with appropriate accuracy and a dedicated bridge with an appropriate step size are selected. The level is then zeroed and placed on the dedicated bridge. The bridge is then placed at one end of the guide rail to begin measurement. The number of grids the level bubble moves in each section is recorded, and the positive and negative values ​​are recorded. The error value is then converted and processed. Finally, an error curve is created based on the measured point data, and the minimum enclosing parallel line method is used to determine the straightness error. This common bubble level is simple to operate, easy to use, and low-cost, but it also offers low measurement accuracy.

[0004] The autocollimator measurement method primarily consists of an objective lens with a specific focal length, an autocollimating micrometer eyepiece with a graticule and illumination device, and a reflector placed on the object being measured. Because light is not perfectly collimated in air, the larger the measurement range, the greater the deviation. The measurement accuracy of the photoelectric position sensor used is difficult to significantly improve. The light beam is susceptible to various interferences and deviations during propagation, resulting in non-continuous measurements and a high degree of randomness in the results.

[0005] When a laser interferometer measures a machine tool guide rail, the reflector moves along the rail. When the reflector deflects at an angle, the interference fringes change accordingly, which is converted into a straightness error value by an arithmetic unit. Laser interferometers offer advantages such as large measurement distances, fast measurement speeds, high accuracy, and strong resistance to interference, especially air disturbances. However, they are expensive.

[0006] Existing track measurement devices have limited measurement distance, high measurement costs, and inconvenient and intangible measurement results, and have many shortcomings:

[0007] The invention patent with patent application number 201310575830.2 discloses a high-precision drag pool track level measurement device. The up and down movement of the pointer rod of the invention is controlled by linear bearings to ensure that it can move vertically relative to the upper support plate, and the micrometer is rotated. The dial indicator is connected to the center of the outer end of the micrometer knob through pressure contact. When the tip of the pointer rod just touches the water, the reading of the dial indicator is the vertical relative height of the track and the water tank surface to be measured. The track level deviation is obtained by the relative height difference between different measuring points. The invention uses a horizontal measurement mechanism composed of a dial indicator and a micrometer to improve the measurement accuracy. However, the structure of the invention is relatively complex.

[0008] Patent application number 201310500756.8 discloses an electronic pulse track leveling control device. This device consists of a slide rail, a level, a pulse distance sensor, and a track lifter. The level is mounted between two slide rails, the pulse distance sensor is connected to the level, and the sensor's control unit is connected to a hydraulic lifter. This device differs from the present invention in its structural principle.

[0009] The invention patent with patent application number 201610037544.0 discloses a continuous track switch stabilization vehicle. The vehicle adopts a one-section vehicle body structure. The lower part of the vehicle frame includes a single-chord measurement system for track geometry parameters. The measurement system includes at least three measuring trolleys. A measuring steel chord is connected between the front measuring trolley and the rear measuring trolley. The front measuring trolley is equipped with a front superelevation measurement sensor, the middle measuring trolley is equipped with a vector distance measurement sensor, a longitudinal level measurement sensor and an intermediate superelevation measurement sensor, and the rear measuring trolley is equipped with a rear superelevation measurement sensor. The technical solution of this invention retains the traditional design of the track switch stabilization function and the automatic centering function of the stabilization device, while adding a material storage function. However, the measurement cost of this invention is relatively high.

[0010] Patent application number 201910228895.7 discloses a linear open-groove track levelness tester. The invention comprises a base, two magnetic gauge bases, and a measuring assembly. The magnetic gauge bases pass through the base and can be positioned on the track surface. The measuring assembly comprises a gauge support rod mounted on the other end of the base, a gauge mounted on the top of the gauge support rod, and a fine-tuning device located below the gauge probe. The linear open-groove track levelness tester provided by this invention uses the horizontal plane within the connecting groove as a horizontal reference and can accurately measure the height deviation of each measuring point on the track relative to the horizontal reference. This invention lacks a device for detecting excess values.

[0011] The invention patent with patent application number 202010153735.3 discloses a device for inspecting the levelness of a track using a level bubble. The interior of the shell of the invention is fixedly connected to a mixing liquid capsule, the interior of the mixing liquid capsule is fixedly connected to a liquid feeding tube, the bottom of the mixing liquid capsule is fixedly connected to a liquid flow trough, the bottom of the liquid flow trough is fixedly connected to a liquid level cylinder, the bottom of the liquid level cylinder is movably connected to a spring rod, the lower end of the spring rod is movably connected to a threaded tube, and the upper end of the threaded tube is movably connected to a camshaft. Therefore, the pressure inside the liquid level cylinder increases, so the mixing liquid capsule contracts inward and applies a certain pressure on the surface of the liquid feeding tube. Therefore, the liquid with a smaller viscosity coefficient is squeezed out and flows inside the mixing liquid capsule. Since the elastic force of the spring rod is mutual, the surface of the mixing liquid capsule is subjected to intermittent pressure, that is, the liquid inside is mixed evenly, and the mixed liquid flows from the liquid flow trough to the inside of the liquid level cylinder, thereby achieving the effect of using a level bubble to detect the levelness of the track. This invention can only measure whether the track is level.

[0012] Patent application number 202011001754.0 discloses a device for detecting the horizontality of traffic tracks. This invention utilizes the coordination of a mounting plate, support rods, a top plate, a threaded rod, a moving block, a rotating rod, and a connecting rod. The rotation of the threaded rod drives the moving block, thereby driving the two mounting plates to move synchronously toward the center or to the sides. Adjusting the distance between the two mounting plates facilitates detection of tracks of varying widths. Adjustment is achieved simply by rotating the threaded rod, without the need for auxiliary tools. This makes operation simple and improves detection efficiency. The invention has a limited measurable track width.

[0013] Patent application number 202011082361.7 discloses a railway track level measurement method, system, readable storage medium, and electronic device. The first level and first distortion obtained in this invention are obtained by different measurement mechanisms and sensor systems. The dynamic response characteristics of the first and second levels have more distinct characteristics, which belongs to multi-sensor multi-source information fusion. Therefore, it can effectively overcome problems such as track level dynamic delay and false maximum values, and obtain track level measurement results with higher accuracy. This invention is completely different from the structural method of the present invention.

[0014] The invention patent with patent application number 202211545172.8 discloses a railway track flatness detection method and system. Through the control module, data module, integration module and railway track distribution map in the control center, the control module is used to control the walking mechanism in the acquisition unit so that the walking mechanism can measure along the track when in use. The data module is used to integrate the data in the processing unit and store the data after each measurement in the storage unit so that the measurement data at that time can be ascertained during subsequent inspections. The integration module integrates all data within a specific time period and then stores it in the storage unit for subsequent viewing of the track maintenance status. The railway track distribution map is used to generate a two-dimensional drawing of the railway track distribution. This invention is completely different from the structural method of the present invention.

[0015] The invention disclosure with patent application number 201910736556.X proposes an overhead crane, a material handling system and a method for measuring the horizontality of a track, wherein the overhead crane is arranged on a track, and the track is arranged horizontally. The overhead crane includes a car body, a functional component and at least one measuring device. The car body has wheels, and the car body is configured to move along the track through the wheels. The functional component is connected to the car body and is located under the track. At least one measuring device is provided on the car body and is configured to measure the horizontality information of the part of the track corresponding to the current position of the car body. During operation, for example, when the overhead crane stops and the goods are picked up and released, the measuring device on the overhead crane can be used to measure the horizontality of the track, saving time and manpower for measuring the horizontality of the track, and having little impact on the operation of the system. This invention is completely different from the structural method of the present invention.

[0016] The invention with patent application number 202010916400.2 discloses a three-track railway track ruler, which includes a main frame, a secondary frame hinged to the main frame, and the hinge is located directly above the meter-gauge non-shared rail and the standard-gauge non-shared rail. The lower side of the main frame is provided with a common rail end insulating block and a meter-gauge end insulating block at intervals. The lower side of the secondary frame is provided with a standard-gauge end insulating block. The lower right end of the common rail end insulating block is fixedly provided with a common rail fixed limit block. The internal sliding of the meter-gauge end insulating block is provided with a meter-gauge movable limit block, and the internal sliding of the standard-gauge end insulating block is provided with a standard-gauge movable limit block. The top surface of the main frame is grooved, and the groove is provided with a main inclinometer, a single-chip microcomputer, a display screen, and a dry battery in sequence. The top surface of the main frame is grooved, and the groove is provided with a secondary inclinometer. The device of the invention has a simple structure and is convenient for measurement. It can accurately measure the meter-gauge gauge value, the standard-gauge gauge value, the meter-gauge gauge level difference, and the standard-gauge gauge level difference. This invention is completely different from the structural method of the present invention.

[0017] The invention with patent application number 202111106431.2 provides a track gauge measuring device and a track inspection instrument. The track gauge measuring device includes a crossbeam, a measuring wheel set and an auxiliary measuring wheel set. A displacement sensor, a connecting guide rod and a connecting assembly are provided in the crossbeam. The connecting assembly includes a connecting seat, a measuring guide rod and a screw probe. The auxiliary measuring wheel set is provided with a universal wave ball, and the screw probe rests against the universal wave ball. By using a displacement sensor on the crossbeam to detect the track gauge in real time, this can not only reduce the track gauge detection error to make the detection result more accurate, but also simplify the structure and reduce the weight; by setting a screw probe to support the universal wave ball for indirect measurement, the crossbeam and the auxiliary measuring wheel set can be separated. This invention mainly uses sensors to detect the track gauge, which is different from the structural method of the present invention.

[0018] Patent application number 202211037424.6 provides a system and method for automatically detecting track gauge and height using laser ranging. The system comprises a main control module, a data detection unit, a moving unit, and a transmission and display unit. The main control module controls the moving unit's movement on the track, controls the opening and closing of the data detection unit, and receives data. The main control module is connected to the transmission and display module. The data detection unit is mounted on the moving unit and includes a laser displacement sensor LL positioned horizontally on the left side of the moving unit, a laser displacement sensor LR positioned horizontally on the right side of the moving unit, a laser displacement sensor VL positioned vertically on the left side of the moving unit, and a laser displacement sensor VR positioned vertically on the right side of the moving unit. This system automatically detects track gauge and height, reducing labor costs. Furthermore, a measurement correction model reduces measurement errors and improves adjustment efficiency. However, this invention is costly and not portable.

[0019] Patent application number 202211332874.8 discloses an embedded track detection device for a medium- and low-speed maglev transportation system, comprising a detection device frame, a running wheel set that travels on the maglev track beam, a rigid chord on the side of the detection device frame, a plurality of gap sensors spaced along the track and facing the induction rail, the rigid chord connected to a lower clamping rod, a gap sensor facing the power rail on the clamping rod, a gauge rod on the detection device frame, and gap sensors facing the induction rail on both sides. The plurality of non-contact gap sensors on the rigid chord can quickly and accurately capture the smoothness of the induction rail surface and can quickly detect gauge and clamping distance indicators; a plurality of cameras on both sides can visually observe the state of the track; combined with a dedicated data algorithm, a track irregularity spectrum can be quickly obtained; the running wheel set and the guide wheel set can be well aligned with the line operation, improving the reliability of the measurement data. This invention has a complex structure and high cost.

[0020] The invention with patent application number 202110904392.4 provides a railway detection device, including two symmetrically arranged travel detection mechanisms, the top of which is connected to the top of the groove of the n-type frame via several test springs; a first laser rangefinder, arranged on the top of the test plate; two sets of wheel frames, respectively mounted on both sides of the n-type frame groove via telescopic devices, and driven by the telescopic devices to move relative or oppositely; the two sets of wheel frames have grooves along the length direction on the opposite sides; a number of travel wheels are respectively arranged in the two grooves by rotating shafts; matching rods are fixedly provided on the opposite sides of the two mounting plates; each side of the matching rod passes through a buffer plate, which is fixedly connected to the end of the matching rod on the other side; a second laser rangefinder is fixed to one side of one mounting plate. This device can autonomously detect the track gauge and the relative height difference between the two rails, with high detection accuracy. The structure of this invention is completely different from the present invention. Summary of the Invention

[0021] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention provides a portable and simple track gauge and levelness deviation detection device. This device can measure the gauge and levelness of a track at a specific point and quickly determine whether they exceed the standards. It offers the advantages of portability, low cost, simple operation, and intuitive measurement results.

[0022] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0023] A portable and simple track over-standard detection device includes a mobile frame, a fiber rope is provided at one end of the mobile frame, the fiber rope is marked with a scale, a laser pen is provided at the notch between the fiber rope and one end of the mobile frame, and an over-standard scale is marked on the other end of the mobile frame away from the laser pen. The scale value of the fiber rope and the over-standard scale are both marked with red marks when they exceed the standard.

[0024] The movable frame includes a fastening mechanism inside, a gear is provided at the upper end of the fastening mechanism and located inside the movable frame, the front end of the gear is fixedly connected to a crank, the rear end of the gear is fixedly connected to a collection plate, a tooth plate is provided on the outer surface of the gear, the upper end of the tooth plate is fixedly connected to a force block, and the end of the force block away from the gear is fixedly connected to a pressure spring.

[0025] Preferably, the upper end of the inner wall of the fastening mechanism is a horizontal plane, and the bottom of the tooth plate is movably connected to the inside of the movable frame.

[0026] Preferably, the force-bearing block is located at the upper end of the movable frame, and one end of the pressure spring away from the tooth plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable frame.

[0027] Preferably, one end of the fiber rope away from the measuring mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the collecting tray, and a slot is provided inside the collecting tray, and the fiber rope is located in the slot.

[0028] Preferably, the laser pen is located at the slot where the fiber rope is located.

[0029] Preferably, the right triangle formed by the fiber rope, the laser beam, the laser landing point on the movable frame and the line segment of the other end point of the fiber rope can be used to accurately calculate the value of the laser beam, i.e., the track gauge, using the Pythagorean theorem.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] This portable, simple track over-standard detection device uses a toothed plate in contact with a gear, limiting its counterclockwise rotation. Pulling the force block rotates the gear via a crank, allowing the collection tray to adjust the length of the fiber rope. When the appropriate length is reached, the force block is released, tightening the fiber rope. The fiber rope, the path of the laser, the laser landing point, and the line segment of the other end of the fiber rope form a right triangle. By observing whether the scales at the fiber rope and the laser landing point are outside the red area, it is easy to determine whether the track gauge and height irregularity exceed the standard. The measurement results are convenient and intuitive. The precise track gauge length can also be calculated using the Pythagorean theorem. The device is simple in structure and foldable for easy portability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a two-dimensional diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the working principle of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of the crank structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the fiber rope scale of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a partial schematic diagram of the movable frame scale of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1. Mobile frame; 11. Fastening mechanism; 12. Gear; 13. Crank handle; 14. Collecting tray; 15. Tooth plate; 16. Force block; 17. Pressure spring; 2. Fiber rope; 21. Card block; 3. Laser pen; 4. Over-standard scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is specifically described in the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these implementation methods is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 1-4 A portable and simple track deviation detection device includes a mobile frame 1, a fiber rope 2 is provided at one end of the mobile frame 1, and a laser pointer 3 is provided at the groove between the fiber rope 2 and one end of the mobile frame 1. The interface between the mobile frame and the fiber rope at the other end where the laser pointer is not provided is marked with an deviation scale. The deviation scale has a red mark when the deviation exceeds the horizontal deviation standard.

[0041] like Figure 3 The mobile frame 1 includes a fastening mechanism 11 inside, a gear 12 is provided at the upper end of the fastening mechanism 11 and located inside the mobile frame 1, the front end of the gear 12 is fixedly connected to a crank 13, the rear end of the gear 12 is fixedly connected to a collecting plate 14, a toothed plate 15 is provided on the outer surface of the gear 12, the upper end of the toothed plate 15 is fixedly connected to a force block 16, and the end of the force block 16 away from the gear 12 is fixedly connected to a pressure spring 17, the upper end of the inner wall of the fastening mechanism 11 is a horizontal plane, the bottom of the toothed plate 15 is movably connected to the inside of the mobile frame 1, the force block 16 is located at the upper end of the mobile frame 1, and the end of the pressure spring 17 away from the toothed plate 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mobile frame 1, the force block 16 is located at the upper end of the mobile frame 1, and the end of the pressure spring 17 away from the toothed plate 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mobile frame 1.

[0042] like Figure 4 There is a scale on the rope 2, and a red mark is shown when the track gauge deviation range is exceeded.

[0043] Working principle: When it is necessary to check whether the deviation of a certain part of the track exceeds the standard, the mobile frame 1 is placed for pulling measurement, and the force block 16 is manually pushed so that the force block 16 drives the tooth plate 15 to disengage from the gear 12. The crank is turned to rotate the collecting tray 14, and the length of the fiber rope 2 is adjusted to clamp the mobile frame 1 on the track. At the same time, the fastening mechanism 11 is used to position the mobile frame 1 and the track to prevent the mobile frame 1 from moving. At the same time, the restriction of the force block 16 is loosened so that the tooth plate 15 contacts the gear 12, which limits the gear 12. Rotate counterclockwise, so that the rope 2 no longer extends, and the tooth plate 15 limits the reverse rotation of the gear 12. At this time, as the rope 2 is gradually tightened, the two mobile frames 1 are at the track ends. At the same time, because the rope 2 is tightened, the path of the rope and the laser and the line segment of the laser landing point and the other end point of the rope form a right triangle. By observing whether the scales of the rope and the laser landing point are outside the red area, it is possible to quickly and easily determine whether the track gauge and height unevenness exceed the standard; the precise track gauge length can also be calculated by the Pythagorean theorem, which is fast, accurate and effective.

[0044] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A portable and simple track over-standard detection device, comprising a mobile frame (1), characterized in that: The mobile frame (1) is provided with a fiber rope (2), and a laser pen (3) is provided at the interface between the fiber rope (2) and the mobile frame (1) at one end. The mobile frame (1) includes a fastening mechanism (11) inside. A gear (12) is provided at the upper end of the fastening mechanism (11) and located inside the mobile frame (1). The front end of the gear (12) is fixedly connected to a crank (13), and the rear end of the gear (12) is fixedly connected to a collecting plate (14). A toothed plate (15) is provided on the outer surface of the gear (12), and the upper end of the toothed plate (15) is fixedly connected to a force block (16). The end of the force block (16) away from the gear (12) is fixedly connected to a pressure spring (17).

2. A portable and simple track over-standard detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber rope (2) has very low elasticity and is provided with scale values. The other end of the mobile frame (1) away from the laser pen is marked with an over-standard scale (4). The scale values ​​of the fiber rope (2) and the over-standard scale (4) are both marked with red marks when exceeding the standard.

3. The portable and simple track over-standard detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper end of the inner wall of the fastening mechanism (11) is a horizontal surface, and the bottom of the tooth plate (15) is movably connected to the inside of the movable frame (1).

4. The portable and simple track over-standard detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The force-bearing block (16) is located at the upper end of the movable frame (1), and one end of the pressure spring (17) away from the tooth plate (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable frame (1).

5. The portable and simple track over-standard detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the fiber rope (2) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the collecting tray (14); a slot is provided inside the collecting tray (14), and the fiber rope (2) is located in the slot.

6. The portable and simple track over-standard detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser pen (3) is located at the notch between the fiber rope (2) and the mobile frame (1), and is perpendicular to the mobile frame (1).

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