A soil multi-effect ecological conditioner and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of soil multiple-effect ecological conditioner and preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: collecting kitchen organic matter is pretreated;Vacuum freeze-drying treatment is carried out after the kitchen organic matter pretreated is pre-frozen, is crushed, is mixed with biomass material, and material A is obtained;Material A is mixed with microbial inoculum, is stirred uniformly, and material B is obtained;Seaweed acid salt is dissolved in deionized water, and solution C is obtained;Material B is added to solution C, and is stirred to form uniform suspension, calcium chloride solution is added, and is placed, to obtain gelatinous material;Gelatinous material is washed, vacuum freeze-drying treatment is carried out after pre-freezing, is crushed, and soil multiple-effect ecological conditioner is obtained.The preparation method of the application has the advantages of short time consumption, no foul-smelling gas is produced, and the method is simple to operate.The prepared soil ecological conditioner has soil fertility improvement and pollution repair functions, meets the requirements of low-carbon environmental protection and resource recycling.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the harmless treatment and resource utilization technical field of solid waste, and relates to a soil multi-effect ecological conditioner and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Diet is the primary material basis for human survival and development, and a large amount of organic waste such as food processing leftovers and food residues is generated in the process of diet. The annual output of kitchen waste reaches 1.2775x10 8 t, and shows an increasing trend year by year, while the annual processing capacity is only 7.8475x10 6 t, and the processing gap is huge relative to the annual output. Due to the high organic matter content of kitchen waste, there are problems such as easy rotting, easy stink and breeding of mosquitoes and flies, and its timely and effective treatment is related to the food safety, environmental health and energy saving and consumption reduction of the city, and it is urgent to explore efficient resource, reduction and harmless treatment methods, especially high-value utilization methods.

[0003] Soil is the basis of agricultural production and the cornerstone of human survival, and is also the guarantee of human food and ecological environment safety. As an important part of the ecological system, soil is highly sensitive to changes in environmental factors and is greatly affected by human activities. On the one hand, due to the strong adsorption characteristics of soil particles, soil becomes the main destination of pollutants in the environment and is the most important sink of organic and inorganic pollutants. When the pollutants in the soil exceed the self-purification capacity of the soil, the soil quality degrades, causing soil pollution. There are many reasons for soil pollution, such as the emission of waste gas containing heavy metals, industrial wastewater and domestic sewage, improper disposal of solid waste, and excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, etc. The pollution types are diverse, including organic pollution caused by petroleum, pesticides, antibiotics and other organic synthetic substances, inorganic pollution caused by arsenic, lead, mercury and chromium, etc. On the other hand, due to the influence of soil over-exploitation and light maintenance, combined with the toxic effect of pollutants, the soil is generally poor, and the productivity and effective utilization of the soil are significantly affected, and even the basic soil functions are lost. Therefore, soil pollution and soil poverty are two major problems affecting the function of the soil ecological system.

[0004] Soil remediation agents are indispensable in the restoration of soil ecosystem functions, and can adsorb, passivate, and the like organic and inorganic pollutants through physical, chemical, and biological effects, and improve soil physical and chemical properties and microecological environment. For soil function restoration, the resource utilization of kitchen organic waste currently mainly focuses on two aspects, one is fermentation into fertilizer, such as the method for producing organic fertilizer from kitchen waste disclosed in Chinese patent CN104987143A and the method for soil improvement using kitchen waste compost disclosed in Chinese patent CN107827502A, and the other is preparation of biomass charcoal through carbonization, such as the biochar soil conditioner prepared from kitchen waste and its preparation method disclosed in Chinese patent CN108329133A and the biochar prepared from kitchen waste and garden waste and its preparation method disclosed in Chinese patent CN114405467A.

[0005] Currently, soil conditioners prepared from kitchen organic matter have relatively single functions, being either pure fertilizer or pure biomass charcoal, and lack of ecological restoration conditioners integrating soil pollution restoration and productivity improvement, and moreover, the preparation methods mainly focus on anaerobic, aerobic fermentation or composting, and pyrolytic carbonization, which have defects of long time consumption, large land occupation, and easy generation of foul-smelling gas. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims at solving the problems in the prior art, and provides a soil multi-effect ecological conditioner and a preparation method thereof, which have wide material sources, large output, simple operation, significantly shortened time consumption, and no generation of foul-smelling gas.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present application:

[0008] A preparation method of a soil multi-effect ecological conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Collecting kitchen organic matter for pretreatment;

[0010] Vacuum freeze-drying the pretreated kitchen organic matter after pre-freezing, crushing, and mixing with biomass material to obtain material A;

[0011] Mixing the material A with a microbial agent and stirring uniformly to obtain material B;

[0012] Dissolving a sodium alginate salt in deionized water to obtain solution C;

[0013] Adding the material B to the solution C, stirring to form a uniform suspension, adding a calcium chloride solution, and standing to obtain a gel-like substance;

[0014] Washing the gel-like substance, vacuum freeze-drying after pre-freezing, crushing, and obtaining a soil multi-effect ecological conditioner.

[0015] Further, the pretreatment includes impurity removal and cleaning;

[0016] The impurity removal is sorting removal of non-degradable impurity components including metal, glass, plastic and ceramic;

[0017] The cleaning process is that the kitchen organic matter after impurity removal is mixed with hot water at 50-70℃ at a mass-volume ratio of 1:(3-7) for 1-3 times, and then drained of water to remove oil on the surface of the kitchen organic matter.

[0018] Further, the pre-freezing temperature of the kitchen organic matter after pretreatment is -18 to -4℃, the pre-freezing time is 7-10h, the cold trap temperature of vacuum freeze-drying treatment is -80 to -55℃, the drying vacuum degree is 1×10 -3 ~ 1×10 -1 Pa, and the drying time is 10-20h.

[0019] The kitchen organic matter after vacuum freeze-drying treatment is crushed to obtain particles with a particle size of less than 5-10mm.

[0020] Further, the biomass material is one or a combination of sawdust, straw powder, corn cob powder and rice husk powder, and the mixed mass ratio of the crushed kitchen organic matter to the biomass material is 1:(1-7).

[0021] Further, the microbial agent is one or a combination of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, actinomycetes, bacillus, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and the mixed ratio of the microbial agent is 1%-5% of the material A.

[0022] Further, the stirring process is stirring on a constant-temperature shaker for 10-20min at a speed of 120-200rpm and a temperature of 22-30℃.

[0023] Further, the alginate is one or both of sodium alginate and calcium alginate, and the mass-volume ratio of the solution C is 1%-2%.

[0024] Further, the mass-volume ratio of the material B added to the solution C is 3%-8%, the mass fraction of the calcium chloride solution is 1%, and the volume ratio of the added amount of the calcium chloride solution to the suspension is 1:1.

[0025] Further, the pre-freezing temperature of the gel-like substance is -18 to -4℃, the pre-freezing time is 1-2h, the cold trap temperature of vacuum freeze-drying treatment is -80 to -55℃, the drying vacuum degree is 1×10 -3 ~ 1×10 -1 Pa, and the drying time is 3-6h.

[0026] The soil multi-effect ecological conditioner prepared by the preparation method has a particle size of 1-6 mm.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The present application provides a kind of soil multi-effect ecological conditioner, select kitchen organic waste as raw material, adopt freeze-drying and microbial package method to prepare.The kitchen organic matter is essentially food, and the organic matter content is rich, from the chemical composition, mainly by saccharide, oil, protein, inorganic salt and cellulose etc component composition, wherein carbohydrate is about 30%-60%, protein is 6%-10%, oil is 7%-30%, contains a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium etc element and rich trace element, suitable as soil organic nutrient source, improve the physicochemical properties of infertile soil.And the cellulose etc material contained in kitchen organic matter has rich pore structure, larger specific surface area and surface rich functional group (OH, COOH, C=O etc.), after freeze-drying, can form rich pore structure, good aeration, has good holding characteristics and fixation to typical soil pollutants such as heavy metals and organic matter, also can be used as the growth medium of soil microorganism to change microbial community structure, improve the nutrient content and moisture content of soil.And, the surface of carbon-containing substance also has a large number of electron holes, which can be used as an electron transfer medium, has activation effect, and has decomposition effect on organic pollutants.The biomass material compatible with kitchen organic matter has a loose surface, which can improve the aeration of soil and has an ecological conditioning function on soil, and the packaged microorganisms also have a degradation effect on organic pollutants, which has a soil pollution remediation effect.Meanwhile, the kitchen organic matter and the compatible biomass material can also be used as a carrier for soil microorganisms, which is conducive to the enrichment and proliferation of microorganisms, and has the functions of soil pollution remediation and improvement.The kitchen organic matter and agricultural biomass material of the present application have a wide source and large yield, which saves the high treatment cost, realizes the recycling of waste resources, has a great cost advantage, and also provides an effective way for effective treatment and high-value utilization of organic perishable solid waste.

[0029] The present application also provides a preparation method of soil multi-effect ecological conditioner, which uses kitchen organic matter as raw material, pre-treats the kitchen organic matter, mixes the freeze-dried kitchen organic matter with biomass material, and uses microbial packaging method to package microbial inoculum, to finally prepare soil ecological conditioner.Compared with anaerobic, aerobic fermentation or preparation of biochar, the present application has the advantages of short time consumption, no production of foul-smelling gas, simple operation, etc.The soil ecological conditioner prepared by the preparation method of the present application has the functions of soil fertility improvement and pollution remediation, and the substrate used in the preparation method has a rich source and low price, which meets the requirements of low carbon, environmental protection and resource recycling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 FTIR graph of the eco-conditioner prepared for Example 4 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order for those skilled in the art to understand the characteristics and effects of the present application, the following will be a general description and definition of the terms and phrases mentioned in the specification and claims. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific words used herein have the usual meanings understood by those skilled in the art of the present application, and in the event of conflict, the definitions in the specification shall prevail.

[0033] Theories or mechanisms described and disclosed herein, whether correct or not, should not be considered limiting the scope of the present application, that is, the present application can be practiced without relying on any particular theory or mechanism.

[0034] Herein, all features defined in the form of numerical ranges or percentage ranges, such as numerical values, amounts, contents and concentrations, are for the sake of brevity and convenience. Accordingly, the description of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be considered to have encompassed and specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and individual numerical values within the range (including integers and fractions).

[0035] Herein, unless otherwise specified, "comprise", "include", "contain", "have" or similar words encompass the meaning of "consist of" and "consist essentially of", for example, "A comprises a" encompasses the meaning of "A comprises a and other" and "A comprises only a".

[0036] Herein, for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in each embodiment or example are not described. Therefore, as long as the combinations of the technical features do not contradict each other, the technical features in each embodiment or example can be combined arbitrarily, and all possible combinations should be considered as the scope of the present specification.

[0037] The application will be further described in connection with the following specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are intended to illustrate the application and not to limit the scope of the application. Furthermore, it should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various modifications or alterations to the application upon reading and understanding the teachings of the present application, and such equivalent forms are also within the scope of the appended claims.

[0038] The following examples use apparatus and equipment that are conventional in the art. The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are generally carried out under conventional conditions, or under conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The following examples use various raw materials, unless otherwise specified, all of which are conventional commercially available products, and the specifications thereof are conventional in the art. In the specification of the present application and in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, "%" means "percent by weight", "parts" means "parts by weight", and the ratio means "ratio by weight".

[0039] The application provides a preparation method of a soil multi-effect ecological conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0040] After the kitchen organic matter is collected, non-degradable impurity components such as metal, glass, plastic and ceramic are removed through sorting; the kitchen organic matter after sorting and removing impurities is mixed and cleaned with hot water, and then drained of water to remove grease on the surface of the kitchen organic matter;

[0041] The temperature of the hot water is 50-70 DEG C, the mass / volume ratio (m / v) of the kitchen organic matter and the hot water is 1:3-1:7, and the number of mixing and cleaning is 1-3 times, and the draining time is controlled to be 10-30 min.

[0042] The preprocessed kitchen organic matter is taken, pre-frozen at-18 DEG C to-4 DEG C for 7-10 h, and the pre-frozen kitchen organic matter is taken, vacuum freeze-dried at-80 DEG C to-55 DEG C with a drying vacuum degree of 1*10 -3 ~ 1*10 -1 Pa for 10-20 h to obtain loose and porous kitchen organic matter material.

[0043] The freeze-drying time is controlled to be 10-20 h.

[0044] The kitchen organic matter after vacuum freeze-drying is crushed, and the crushed particles are passed through a sieve with a mesh size of 5-10 mm.

[0045] The kitchen organic matter after freeze-drying and crushing is taken, mixed with biomass material to obtain material A.

[0046] The biomass material includes sawdust, straw powder, corn cob powder and rice husk powder, and the mass ratio (m / m) of the kitchen organic matter after freeze-drying and crushing to the biomass material is 1:1-1:7.

[0047] The microbial agent is mixed with the material A in a certain proportion, and then placed on a constant temperature shaker for stirring for 10-20 min, the rotating speed is controlled at 120-200 rpm, and the temperature is 22-30 DEG C, to obtain material B;

[0048] The microbial agent includes one or more of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, actinomycetes, bacillus, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and the mixing ratio is controlled at 1-5% (m / m).

[0049] A certain amount of alginate is dissolved in deionized water to obtain solution C, so that the mass-volume ratio (m / v) of the solution is 1-2%;

[0050] The alginate is one or both of sodium alginate and calcium alginate.

[0051] A certain amount of material B is added to the C solution, the addition amount (m / v) is 3-8%, and stirring is performed for 10-20 min to form a uniform suspension, a certain amount (volume ratio 1:1 to the addition amount of the suspension) of 1% calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution is added dropwise by a syringe pump, and the obtained gel-like material is obtained by standing;

[0052] After the obtained gel-like material is washed with deionized water for 2-3 times, pre-freezing is performed at-18 to-4 DEG C for 1-2 h, and the material is dried in a freeze dryer at-80 to-55 DEG C, the drying vacuum degree is 1x10 -3 ~1x10 -1 Pa, the drying time is controlled at 3-6 h, the material after freeze-drying is crushed to a particle size of 1-6 mm, and a soil multi-effect ecological conditioner is obtained, which is stored in a low temperature and sealed.

[0053] The application will be further described in detail in combination with specific examples:

[0054] Example 1

[0055] A preparation method for preparing a soil multi-effect ecological conditioner by using kitchen organic matter, the main preparation steps and methods are as follows:

[0056] The kitchen organic matter is collected, and the non-degradable impurity components such as metal, glass, plastic, ceramic and the like are sorted out, 15 kg of the sorted and impurity-removed kitchen organic matter is mixed with 45 L of hot water with a temperature of 50 DEG C for cleaning once, and then drained for 10 min to remove the grease on the surface of the kitchen organic matter. The pretreated kitchen organic matter is placed under-4 DEG C conditions for pre-freezing for 7 h, and then dried in a freeze dryer at-80 DEG C, 1x10 -1Under Pa conditions, the kitchen organic matter was vacuum freeze-dried for 10 hours. The freeze-dried material was then pulverized and passed through a 5mm sieve to obtain a loose, porous kitchen organic matter material. 10kg of the kitchen organic matter material was mixed with 20kg of sawdust to obtain mixture A. 1% microbial inoculant was added to mixture A, and the mixture was stirred on a constant-temperature shaker at 22℃ for 10 minutes at a speed of 120 rpm to obtain mixture B. Mixture B was then added to a 1% (m / v) sodium alginate solution at a concentration of 3% (m / v). After stirring for 10 minutes, a 1% (w / v) CaCl2 solution was added dropwise using a syringe pump at a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain a gel-like substance. This gel was then rinsed twice with deionized water and pre-frozen at -4℃ for 1 hour, followed by further freezing at -80℃ using a 1×10⁻⁶ molten metallurgical process. -1 Vacuum freeze-drying for 3 hours under Pa conditions, followed by pulverizing the freeze-dried material to obtain a multi-effect soil ecological conditioner.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] A method for preparing a multi-effect ecological conditioner for soil using kitchen waste organic matter, the main preparation steps and methods are as follows:

[0059] Collect kitchen waste, sort and remove non-degradable impurities such as metal, glass, plastic, and ceramics. Take 15 kg of the sorted and impurity-removed kitchen waste and wash it twice with 60 L of 60℃ hot water, then drain for 20 minutes to remove surface grease. Pre-freeze the pre-treated kitchen waste at -5℃ for 8 hours, then freeze it at -70℃ for 1×10⁻⁶ hours. -2 Under Pa conditions, the kitchen organic matter was vacuum freeze-dried for 12 hours. The freeze-dried kitchen organic matter was then pulverized and passed through a 6mm sieve to obtain a loose and porous kitchen organic matter material. 10kg of the kitchen organic matter material was mixed with 30kg of pulverized wheat straw to obtain mixture A. 2% microbial inoculant was added to mixture A, and the mixture was stirred on a constant temperature shaker at 25℃ for 15 minutes at a speed of 150 rpm to obtain mixture B. Mixture B was then added to a 1% (m / v) sodium alginate solution at a concentration of 5% (m / v). After stirring for 15 minutes, a 1% (w / v) CaCl2 solution was added dropwise using a syringe pump at a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain a gel-like substance. This gel was then rinsed three times with deionized water and pre-frozen at -5℃ for 2 hours. Finally, it was frozen at -70℃ for 1×10⁻⁶ hours. -2 Vacuum freeze-drying under Pa conditions for 4 hours, followed by pulverizing the freeze-dried material to obtain a multi-effect soil ecological conditioner.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] A preparation method for preparing a soil multi-effect ecological conditioner by using kitchen organic matter, the main preparation steps and methods are as follows:

[0062] Collect kitchen organic matter, sort out non-degradable impurities such as metal, glass, plastic, ceramic, etc., take 15kg of kitchen organic matter after sorting out impurities, mix with 75L of hot water with a temperature of 70℃, clean 3 times, then drain for 30min to remove oil on the surface of the kitchen organic matter. The pretreated kitchen organic matter is placed in a-8℃ condition for pre-freezing for 9h, then vacuum freeze-drying treatment is carried out at-65℃, 1×10 -3 Pa for 15h, the kitchen organic matter after vacuum freeze-drying is crushed, and the loose porous kitchen organic matter material is obtained by passing through a 7mm sieve. Take 10kg of kitchen organic matter material and mix with 50kg of crushed corn straw to obtain mixture A, add 3% of microbial agent to the mixture A, place it in a constant temperature shaker at 24℃, stir for 15min, and control the stirring speed at 150rpm to obtain mixture B. Take the mixture B and add it to a 1% (m / v) sodium alginate solution, the addition amount is 7% (m / v), start the stirrer, stir for 20min, then add a 1% CaCl2 solution by injection pump, the addition amount is controlled at 1:1 (volume ratio),

[0063] Obtain a gel-like material, then rinse with deionized water for 2 times, pre-freeze at-8℃ for 1h, vacuum freeze-drying at-65℃, 1×10 -3 Pa for 5h, crush the freeze-dried material to obtain a soil multi-effect ecological conditioner.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] A preparation method for preparing a soil multi-effect ecological conditioner by using kitchen organic matter, the main preparation steps and methods are as follows:

[0066] Collect kitchen organic matter, sort out non-degradable impurities such as metal, glass, plastic, ceramic, etc., take 15kg of kitchen organic matter after sorting out impurities, mix with 90L of hot water with a temperature of 55℃, clean 1 time, then drain for 15min to remove oil on the surface of the kitchen organic matter. The pretreated kitchen organic matter is placed in a-10℃ condition for pre-freezing for 10h, then vacuum freeze-drying treatment is carried out at-60℃, 1×10 -2The kitchen organic matter is collected, and non-degradable impurities such as metal, glass, plastic, ceramic and the like are sorted out. 15 kg of the sorted kitchen organic matter is mixed with 105 L of hot water at 65 DEG C for cleaning twice, and then drained for 25 min to remove oil on the surface of the kitchen organic matter. The pretreated kitchen organic matter is pre-frozen at -15 DEG C for 7.5 h, and then pre-frozen at -55 DEG C at a rate of 1x10 -3 The kitchen organic matter is collected, and non-degradable impurities such as metal, glass, plastic, ceramic and the like are sorted out. 15 kg of the sorted kitchen organic matter is mixed with 105 L of hot water at 65 DEG C for cleaning twice, and then drained for 25 min to remove oil on the surface of the kitchen organic matter. The pretreated kitchen organic matter is pre-frozen at -15 DEG C for 7.5 h, and then pre-frozen at -55 DEG C at a rate of 1x10

[0067] Example 5

[0068] A preparation method for preparing a soil multi-effect ecological conditioner from kitchen organic matter, main preparation steps and methods are as follows:

[0069] The kitchen organic matter is collected, and non-degradable impurities such as metal, glass, plastic, ceramic and the like are sorted out. 15 kg of the sorted kitchen organic matter is mixed with 105 L of hot water at 65 DEG C for cleaning twice, and then drained for 25 min to remove oil on the surface of the kitchen organic matter. The pretreated kitchen organic matter is pre-frozen at -15 DEG C for 7.5 h, and then pre-frozen at -55 DEG C at a rate of 1x10 -2 The kitchen organic matter is collected, and non-degradable impurities such as metal, glass, plastic, ceramic and the like are sorted out. 15 kg of the sorted kitchen organic matter is mixed with 105 L of hot water at 65 DEG C for cleaning twice, and then drained for 25 min to remove oil on the surface of the kitchen organic matter. The pretreated kitchen organic matter is pre-frozen at -15 DEG C for 7.5 h, and then pre-frozen at -55 DEG C at a rate of 1x10 -3 The kitchen organic matter is collected, and non-degradable impurities such as metal, glass, plastic, ceramic and the like are sorted out. 15 kg of the sorted kitchen organic matter is mixed with 105 L of hot water at 65 DEG C for cleaning twice, and then drained for 25 min to remove oil on the surface of the kitchen organic matter. The pretreated kitchen organic matter is pre-frozen at -15 DEG C for 7.5 h, and then pre-frozen at -55 DEG C at a rate of 1x10

[0070] Example 6

[0071] A preparation method of a soil multi-effect ecological conditioner prepared from kitchen organic matter, main preparation steps and methods are as follows:

[0072] Collect kitchen organic matter, remove non-degradable impurity components such as metal, glass, plastic, ceramic, etc. by sorting, take 10 kg of kitchen organic matter after sorting and removing impurities, mix with 50 L of hot water with a temperature of 70 DEG C, clean 3 times, then drain for 30 min to remove oil on the surface of the kitchen organic matter. The pretreated kitchen organic matter is pre-frozen at-18 DEG C for 8.5 h, then vacuum freeze-dried at-75 DEG C, 1x10 - 3 Pa for 20 h, the kitchen organic matter after vacuum freeze-drying is crushed, and the loose porous kitchen organic matter material is obtained by passing through a 10 mm sieve. Take 10 kg of kitchen organic matter material and 10 kg of crushed rice husk to obtain a mixture A, add 5% of microbial inoculum to the mixture A, stir in a constant temperature shaker at 30 DEG C, the stirring time is controlled to be 20 min, and the rotating speed is controlled to be 200 rpm to obtain a mixture B. Take the mixture B and add it to a 1% (m / v) sodium alginate solution, the adding amount is 7% (m / v), start the stirrer, stir for 15 min, then add a 1% CaCl2 solution by a syringe pump, the adding amount is controlled to be 1:1 (volume ratio), obtain a gel-like substance, then rinse with deionized water for 2 times, pre-freeze at-18 DEG C for 1 h, vacuum freeze-dry at-75 DEG C, 1x10 -3 Pa for 5 h, crush the freeze-dried material to obtain the soil multi-effect ecological conditioner.

[0073] The performance test of the soil multi-effect ecological conditioner prepared in the embodiment of the application is as follows:

[0074] 1. Fourier infrared spectrometer (FTIR) is used to analyze and test the soil multi-effect ecological conditioner prepared in the embodiment, and the results are as shown in Figure 1 From Figure 1 It can be seen that the soil multi-effect ecological conditioner prepared in the embodiment of the application has rich functional groups, which is beneficial to the adsorption of representative heavy metal pollutants and persistent organic pollutants, and lays a good foundation for soil fertility improvement and pollution remediation.

[0075] 2. Test the soil fertility improvement effect of the prepared soil multi-effect ecological conditioner. The loess in the northwest is selected as the test soil. 5.0 g of naturally air-dried loess and 2.0 g of the prepared soil multi-effect ecological conditioner are added into a 250 ml stoppered flask, 150 ml of deionized water is added, and the flask is placed in a constant temperature shaker. After oscillation at 120 r / min for 24 h at 25 DEG C, the solution is taken out, and the total organic carbon (TOC) concentration in the solution is tested. A control test is also performed, and the increase of TOC is calculated. The results are shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, the addition of the soil multi-effect ecological conditioner prepared in the embodiment of the present application increases the organic carbon concentration in the soil, and the soil fertility improvement conditioning effect is good.

[0076] Table 1 Influence of soil multi-effect ecological conditioner addition on soil TOC

[0077] Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 TOC (mg / L) 120.35 129.42 133.35 135.69 129.73 132.44

[0078] 3. Test the repair effect of the prepared soil multi-effect ecological conditioner on organic pollutants. The loess in the northwest is selected as the test soil, and phenanthrene (PHE) in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is selected as a representative of the organic pollutants. 5.0 g of naturally air-dried loess and 2.0 g of the soil multi-effect ecological conditioner prepared in the embodiment of the present application are added into a 250 ml stoppered flask, 150 ml of deionized water is added, and the flask is placed in a constant temperature shaker. After oscillation at 120 r / min for 24 h at 25 DEG C, the solution is taken out, and the PHE concentration in the solution is tested. The initial concentration of PHE is 1.0 mg / L. A control test is also performed, and the increase of PHE is calculated. The results are shown in Table 2. As shown in Table 2, the addition of the soil multi-effect ecological conditioner significantly increases the holding capacity of the soil for persistent organic pollutants, and the soil organic pollution repair conditioning effect is good.

[0079] Table 2 Influence of soil multi-effect ecological conditioner addition on soil organic pollutant adsorption

[0080] Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 PHE (pg / g) 30.21 31.56 31.89 32.75 31.99 31.12

[0081] 4. Test the repair effect of the prepared soil multi-effect ecological conditioner on inorganic pollutants. The loess in the northwest is selected as the test soil, and hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+ ) is selected as a representative of the inorganic pollutants. 5.0 g of naturally air-dried loess and 2.0 g of the soil multi-effect ecological conditioner prepared in the embodiment of the present application are added into a 250 ml stoppered flask, 150 ml of deionized water is added, and the flask is placed in a constant temperature shaker. After oscillation at 120 r / min for 24 h at 25 DEG C, the solution is taken out, and the Cr 6+ concentration in the solution is tested. The initial concentration of Cr 6+ is 50 mg / L. A control test is also performed, and the increase of Cr 6+The increase amount of the soil multi-effect ecological conditioner is added, and results are shown in Table 3. As shown in Table 3, the addition of the soil multi-effect ecological conditioner can significantly increase the adsorption capacity of the heavy metal pollutants in the soil, and has a good soil pollution repair conditioning effect.

[0082] Table 3 Influence of soil multi-effect ecological conditioner addition on adsorption of inorganic heavy metal pollutants in soil

[0083] Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Cr 6+ (mg / g) 24.32 25.38 26.48 27.15 25.47 26.36

[0084] The above only is the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of preparing a soil multi-effect eco-conditioner, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Collecting kitchen organic matter for pretreatment; Freezing the pretreated kitchen organic matter, and then performing vacuum freeze-drying treatment, crushing, and mixing with biomass material to obtain material A; Mixing the material A with microbial agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain material B; Dissolving alginate in deionized water to obtain solution C; Adding the material B into the solution C, stirring to form a uniform suspension, adding calcium chloride solution, and standing to obtain a gel-like substance; Washing the gel-like substance, freezing, and then performing vacuum freeze-drying treatment, and crushing to obtain a soil multi-effect ecological conditioner; The microbial agent is one or a combination of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, actinomycetes, bacillus, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and lactic acid bacteria, and the mixing ratio of the microbial agent is 1%-5% of the material A; The alginate is one or both of sodium alginate and calcium alginate, and the mass-volume ratio of the solution C is 1%-2%; The mass-volume ratio of the material B added into the solution C is 3%-8%.

2. A process for the preparation of a soil multi-effect eco-conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The pretreatment comprises impurity removal and washing; The impurity removal is sorting to remove non-degradable impurity components, and the non-degradable impurity components include metal, glass, plastic, and ceramic; The washing process is that the kitchen organic matter after impurity removal is mixed with hot water at 50-70℃ at a mass-volume ratio of 1: (3-7) for 1-3 times, and then drained, and the oil on the surface of the kitchen organic matter is removed.

3. A process for the preparation of a soil multi-effect eco-conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The pre-processed kitchen organic matter pre-freezing temperature is -18 ~ -4 ℃, the pre-freezing time is 7 ~ 10 h, the vacuum freeze drying treatment cold trap temperature is -80 ~ -55 ℃, the drying vacuum degree is 1 x 10 -3 ~1 x 10 -1 Pa, and the drying time is 10 ~ 20 h. The kitchen organic matter after vacuum freeze-drying treatment is crushed to obtain particles with a particle size of less than 5-10 mm.

4. A process for preparing a soil multi-effect eco-conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The biomass material is one or a combination of sawdust, straw powder, corn cob powder, and rice husk powder, and the mixing mass ratio of the crushed kitchen organic matter and the biomass material is 1: (1-7).

5. A method of preparing a soil multi-effect eco-conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring process is stirring on a constant-temperature shaker for 10-20 min at a speed of 120-200 rpm and a temperature of 22-30℃.

6. A method of preparing a soil multi-effect eco-conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass fraction of the calcium chloride solution is 1%, and the volume ratio of the added calcium chloride solution to the suspension is 1:

1.

7. A method of preparing a soil multi-effect eco-conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-freezing temperature of the gel-like substance is -18 ~ -4℃, the pre-freezing time is 1 ~ 2h, the cold trap temperature in the vacuum freeze-drying treatment is -80 ~ -55℃, the drying vacuum degree is 1 × 10 -3 ~1×10 -1 Pa, and the drying time is 3 ~ 6h.

8. A soil multi-effect ecological conditioner prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The particle size of the soil multi-effect ecological conditioner is 1-6 mm.

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