A marine wave dissipation system

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of offshore wave dissipation equipment, and specifically to an offshore wave dissipation system, comprising: at least three offshore wave dissipation assemblies arranged in a row, the wave-approaching surfaces of the offshore wave dissipation assemblies being located in the same plane, the offshore wave dissipation assembly comprising: at least two vertical buoyancy devices and a connecting assembly, the vertical buoyancy devices being arranged in a row along the flow direction of the sea waves; the connecting assembly comprising a combined connecting assembly and a fixed connecting assembly; two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices being movably connected by the combined connecting assembly; the vertical buoyancy device comprising: a front-end buoyancy device and a terminal buoyancy device respectively arranged at two ends, the front-end buoyancy device and the terminal buoyancy device being provided with wave dissipation mechanisms; one end of the fixed connecting assembly being connected with the front-end buoyancy device, and the other end being connected with the seabed, the top surface of the vertical buoyancy device being provided with a workbench. The structure is flexible, the independence is enhanced, and the subsequent expansion and maintenance are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine wave-damping equipment, and more specifically, to a marine wave-damping system. Background Technology

[0002] The ocean covers over 70% of the Earth's surface, possessing not only abundant natural resources but also vast spatial resources. Different ocean regions exhibit unique characteristics, thus the utilization of marine resources relies on long-term, continuous information collection and analysis. Only by understanding the patterns of ocean regions can they be rationally developed and utilized. In the development of the marine environment, a key challenge is ensuring stable support structures. Whether utilizing marine space or extracting marine resources, establishing stable foundation platforms is crucial. Building stable foundation platforms in the central ocean region is extremely difficult, unlike coastal areas where land reclamation, though slow and costly, can stably expand the support area. Offshore areas are significantly affected by the environment and climate, and are frequently impacted by waves. Even with the high costs, long development cycles, and difficult maintenance of underwater construction, surface construction is rarely chosen. This is due to the insufficient stability of surface facilities, primarily their inability to withstand the multi-faceted impact of ocean waves.

[0003] The current utilization of the marine environment typically involves building floating platforms for offshore operations. However, these platforms lack stable support to the seabed, making them highly susceptible to the influence of the marine environment. Compared to land, the marine environment is more complexly affected by air currents and ocean currents. In particular, the waves generated in deep water areas possess tremendous impact force. For floating platforms, such wave impacts are unavoidable, and irregular impacts can easily damage such large-area floating platforms. Therefore, wave-damping systems are needed to create a stable sea surface area. However, existing wave-damping systems are often highly dependent on regional characteristics, leading to a solidified sea surface area after initial installation, which is not conducive to future expansion. Furthermore, the unit structures that make up the wave-damping system are simple, lacking internal regulation to withstand wave impacts, making fixation difficult. Simultaneously, the wave-damping system is highly dependent on the overall integrity; damage to one part can easily lead to widespread failure of the entire system. Therefore, it is difficult to improve the overall impact resistance, resulting in existing wave-damping components typically only being used in shallow water areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome at least one of the defects of the prior art and provide a marine wave-damping system to solve the problems that the existing wave-damping system has a solid structure that is not conducive to expansion and is not able to withstand the impact of sea waves.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention is a marine wave-damping system, comprising: at least three marine wave-damping components arranged in a row, the wave-facing surfaces of the marine wave-damping components being located in the same plane; each marine wave-damping component comprising: at least two vertical buoyancy devices and a connecting component; the vertical buoyancy devices being arranged in a row along the direction of wave flow; the connecting component comprising a combined connecting component and a fixed connecting component; adjacent two vertical buoyancy devices being movably connected through the combined connecting component; each vertical buoyancy device comprising: a front buoyancy device and a rear buoyancy device respectively disposed at both ends, the front buoyancy device and the rear buoyancy device being provided with wave-damping mechanisms; one end of the fixed connecting component being connected to the front buoyancy device, and the other end being connected to the seabed; the top surface of the vertical buoyancy device being provided with a work platform.

[0006] The vertical buoyancy device includes a counterweight support and a buoyancy assembly. The buoyancy assembly is located in the middle of the counterweight support, and the center of gravity of the vertical buoyancy device is located below the draft. The buoyancy assembly includes at least two vertically arranged buoyancy units. The waterline of the wave-dissipating component divides the uppermost buoyancy unit into an upper floating part and a lower submerged part. The wave-facing side of the buoyancy unit is provided with upward and downward guiding surfaces.

[0007] The counterweight support has a buoyancy unit mounting position in the middle of its side. The buoyancy unit is fixed in the counterweight support through the mounting position. There is an equal interval between two adjacent mounting positions. Convection holes are provided at the lower part of both sides of the counterweight support. The vertical buoyancy device is also equipped with a detection component, which includes an anemometer, a wave meter and a surface current meter set on the workbench.

[0008] The combined connection assembly includes several anchor cables symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical buoyancy device. The two ends of each anchor cable are connected to the same side of two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices. The anchor cables are evenly distributed in the vertical direction and are all located below the draft. When the anchor cables are fully extended, the wave-facing surfaces of two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices are parallel.

[0009] The wave-damping mechanism includes a planar wave-damping mechanism and an arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism; the front buoyancy device is provided with a planar wave-damping mechanism, and the end buoyancy device is provided with an arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism; both the planar wave-damping mechanism and the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism are provided with a plate body, and a number of buffer and permeable structures are provided on the plate body and densely distributed; the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism also includes connecting side plates connected to the vertical buoyancy device on both sides, and the connecting side plates are provided with a number of guide holes, the size of which gradually increases from both sides to the middle.

[0010] The top, bottom, and wave-facing surfaces of the front buoyancy device are open, and the planar wave-damping mechanism is located on the wave-repellent side of the front buoyancy device; the main body of the planar wave-damping mechanism is flat, the main body of ...

[0011] The top, bottom, and back wave surfaces of the end buoyancy device are open, and the wave-facing surface of the end buoyancy device is provided with an upper baffle and an arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism; the upper baffle is located above the draft, the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism is an arc-shaped plate with its concave surface facing the front buoyancy device, and the buffer permeable structure is evenly distributed below the draft of the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism.

[0012] The fixed connection assembly includes a wave-facing fixed assembly and a wave-repellent fixed assembly. Both the wave-facing fixed assembly and the wave-repellent fixed assembly include a connector with one end connected to the marine wave-dissipating assembly, as well as a number of counterweights and gripping components connected in series on the connector. The gripping components are located on the side of the counterweights away from the marine wave-dissipating assembly.

[0013] The wave-facing fixing components are arranged on the outside of the wave-facing side of the marine wave-dissipating components and are distributed in a row at equal intervals. The wave-facing fixing components correspond one-to-one with the marine wave-dissipating components and are connected to the wave-facing side of the marine wave-dissipating components, so that the two adjacent marine wave-dissipating components are close to each other and have a gap for movement.

[0014] The wave-stopping components are arranged on the wave-stopping side of the marine wave-dissipating components and are distributed in a row at intervals. The wave-stopping components are connected to the wave-stopping side of the marine wave-dissipating components, and the same number of marine wave-dissipating components are provided between two adjacent marine wave-dissipating components connected to the wave-stopping components.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Each wave-damping component of the marine wave-damping system is endowed with sufficient independence, and constraints are formed between the components through the relative positions of the fixed connecting components. This makes the structure of the marine wave-damping system flexible, and the enhanced independence facilitates subsequent expansion and maintenance. Furthermore, the wave-damping components themselves possess a certain degree of mobility under the action of the combined connecting components, adapting to and reducing the impact of waves on the grabbing counterweight components. On the other hand, the relative constraints within the wave-damping components guide the interaction of impacts from the marine environment to cancel each other out, dispersing and weakening them layer by layer, thereby providing excellent wave-damping effects. Individually, the filling of the vertical buoyancy device during wave impact, combined with the effective matching of the center of gravity and draft, ensures the stability of each wave-damping component. Overall, the pairing of the face-side fixed components and the interval reinforcement of the back-side fixed components allow for self-adjustment while maintaining relative stability within a certain range, thus enabling it to withstand greater impacts and meet the wave-damping requirements of deep-water areas. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a marine wave-damping component equipped with a grabbing counterweight assembly, as described in this invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the marine wave-dissipating component equipped with a grabbing counterweight assembly in the ocean.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical buoyancy support in this invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front-end buoyancy device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the end buoyancy device in this invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 010, vertical buoyancy device 100, wave-facing side 101, wave-repellent side 102, front buoyancy device 110, rear buoyancy device 120, upper baffle 121, counterweight support 130, convection hole 132, buoyancy component 140, buoyancy unit 141, buoyancy section 142, submerged section 143, guide surface 144, combined connection component 210, wave-facing fixing component 221, wave-repellent fixing component 222, connector 230, counterweight component 240, gripping component 250, plate body 301, buffer permeable structure 302, planar wave-dissipating mechanism 310, arc-shaped wave-dissipating mechanism 320, work platform 400, seabed 002, waterline 003. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the following embodiments, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions; it is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment is a marine wave-damping system, including: at least three marine wave-damping components 010 arranged in a row, the wave-facing surfaces of the marine wave-damping components 010 being located in the same plane, each marine wave-damping component 010 including: at least two vertical buoyancy devices 100 and a connecting component, the vertical buoyancy devices 100 being arranged in a row along the direction of wave flow; the connecting component including a combined connecting component 210 and a fixed connecting component; two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices 100 are movably connected through the combined connecting component 210; each vertical buoyancy device 100 includes: a front buoyancy device 110 and a rear buoyancy device 120 respectively disposed at both ends, the front buoyancy device 110 and the rear buoyancy device 120 being provided with wave-damping mechanisms; one end of the fixed connecting component is connected to the front buoyancy device 110, and the other end is connected to the seabed 002, the top surface of the vertical buoyancy device 100 is provided with a work platform 400. The marine wave-dissipating component 010 is used to dissipate waves over a certain distance. The vertical buoyancy device 100 is used to withstand the impact of sea waves and form a vertical foundation for fixation. The front buoyancy device 110 is the first wave-facing facility of the marine wave-dissipating component 010. The rear buoyancy device 120 is the last wave-facing facility of the marine wave-dissipating component 010. The wave-dissipating mechanism is used to eliminate the impact of sea waves. The connecting components are used to form connections between each other. The combined connecting component 210 is used to assemble the vertical buoyancy device 100 to form the marine wave-dissipating component 010. The fixed connecting component is used to fix the marine wave-dissipating component 010 at a specific location in Shanghai.

[0027] The advantage of using a vertical buoyancy device 100 to form a marine wave-damping component 010 is that the center of gravity of the vertical buoyancy device 100 is downward, and it can automatically and flexibly adapt to the fluctuations of the sea surface under the action of wind and waves using its own buoyancy. Moreover, the vertical design helps to form a larger wave-facing surface below the sea level, increasing the contact with the waves. By connecting them in a row, wave-damping is achieved while avoiding the reduction in wave-damping effect caused by misalignment of the vertical buoyancy device 100 when it is subjected to waves from the side. The wave-damping mechanism at the front end helps to distribute the force evenly on the front buoyancy device 110 and prevent it from capsizing; while the wave-damping mechanism at the end completely blocks the impact of residual waves, thus ensuring the overall stability. Furthermore, by combining multiple marine wave-damping components 010, a marine wave-damping system is formed with relative internal movement while maintaining a certain overall stability, achieving a technical effect of large-area wave-damping and meeting the needs of large-scale marine wave-damping and creating a stable area at sea.

[0028] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the vertical buoyancy device 100 includes: a counterweight support and a buoyancy component 140. The buoyancy component 140 is disposed in the middle of the counterweight support, and the center of gravity of the vertical buoyancy device 100 is disposed below the draft. The buoyancy component 140 includes at least two vertically arranged buoyancy units 141. The draft line 003 of the marine wave-damping component 010 divides the uppermost buoyancy unit 141 into an upper floating part 142 and a lower submerged part 143. The wave-facing side 101 of the buoyancy unit 141 is provided with a guide surface 144 for upward and downward flow guidance. The counterweight support provides sufficient sinking weight for the vertical buoyancy device 100; the buoyancy assembly 140 provides sufficient buoyancy for the vertical buoyancy device 100 to control the center of gravity; the buoyancy unit 141 is used to form different arrangement combinations; the guide surface 144 is used to disperse the impact of the waves and guide the waves to pour to both sides; the waterline 003 is used to match the design draft of the marine wave-dissipating assembly 010; the buoyancy section 142 is designed to provide sufficient buoyancy to ensure that the marine wave-dissipating assembly 010, which is swept below the sea level by the waves, can more easily rise and recover; the submerged section 143 is designed to limit the amount of buoyancy provided by the buoyancy section 142.

[0029] Using a support frame to directly form the counterweight of the vertical buoyancy device 100 effectively avoids problems such as the detachment of the loaded counterweight from the main body and uneven force distribution. Since the marine wave-damping component 010 has a long maintenance cycle and is continuously subjected to impacts, a counterweight support frame integrating the counterweight and structural support is more effective. With the counterweight of the buoyancy component 140, ensuring that the center of gravity of the vertical buoyancy device 100 is below the draft helps improve the stability of the marine wave-damping component 010, preventing it from rapidly bouncing up when facing wave impacts and maintaining a stable vertical position. The buoyancy component 140, composed of multiple vertically arranged buoyancy units 141 with guide surfaces, avoids forming a single obstruction. By creating multiple guide surfaces, it promptly releases the impact of waves, preventing the vertical buoyancy device 100 from being overturned. Furthermore, it improves the adaptability of the counterweight support frame, allowing for more flexible assembly design. The exposed design of the uppermost buoyancy unit 141 provides additional buoyancy for repositioning, enabling it to quickly rise and reset even after being submerged in the sea, thus ensuring the stable operation of the marine wave-damping component 010.

[0030] The counterweight support has a mounting position for a buoyancy unit 141 in the middle of its side. The buoyancy unit 141 is fixed inside the counterweight support through the mounting position, and there is an equidistant interval between two adjacent mounting positions. Convection holes 132 are provided at the lower part of both sides of the counterweight support. The vertical buoyancy device 100 is also equipped with a detection component, which includes an anemometer, a wave meter, and a surface current meter installed on the workbench 400. The mounting position is used to fix the buoyancy unit 141. The sides of the counterweight support are located on both sides of the wave-facing surface of the vertical buoyancy device 100. The spacing is used to partially release the impact force acting on the surface of the buoyancy unit 141, and the convection holes 132 are used for the flow of seawater on the sides. The detection component is used to detect marine parameters near the vertical buoyancy device 100.

[0031] Fixing the buoyancy unit 141 within the counterweight bracket by securing it at the mounting position helps improve the overall structural stability and reliability, better withstanding the impact of waves. The mounting position control also creates gaps between the buoyancy units 141, allowing them to absorb some impact while dispersing some of it, thus maintaining the stability of the vertical buoyancy device 100. Convection holes 132 on both sides of the counterweight bracket help reduce the impact of lateral impacts on the vertical buoyancy device 100, further maintaining its stability. Marine detection sensors are small and highly susceptible to wind and waves, making it difficult to fix them to the required location using a simple platform. The marine wave-damping system provides an array-style installation base that can withstand certain typhoon and giant wave effects. Furthermore, its flexible configuration allows for quick and easy assembly into a marine wave-damping system in the area requiring detection, thus meeting the environmental requirements for installing and fixing the detection components.

[0032] The combined connecting assembly 210 includes a plurality of anchor cables symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical buoyancy device 100. Each anchor cable connects to the same side of two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices 100 at both ends. The anchor cables are evenly distributed vertically and are all positioned below the draft. When the anchor cables are fully extended, the wave-facing surfaces of two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices 100 are parallel. The anchor cables are used to limit the maximum distance between two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices 100.

[0033] The anchor cables allow adjacent vertical buoyancy devices 100 to move with the waves, reducing the binding force required to connect them and thus reducing the impact force on the combined connection assembly 210. Simultaneously, they coordinate with the preset wave flow direction to create a good positional constraint, maintaining the effective cooperation of the wave-damping assembly 010 and preventing the vertical buoyancy devices 100 from becoming misaligned and unable to dampen waves. The anchor cables reduce the impact of waves on the vertical buoyancy devices 100 and the wave-damping mechanism, playing a crucial role in protecting the connection and maintaining stability. Maintaining the anchor cables below the draft helps prevent surface waves from directly impacting them, avoiding stress on the anchor cables that could affect the state of adjacent vertical buoyancy devices 100, and further minimizing changes in operating environment, thus extending the lifespan of the anchor cables.

[0034] The wave-damping mechanism includes a planar wave-damping mechanism 310 and an arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320; the front buoyancy device 110 is provided with the planar wave-damping mechanism 310, and the end buoyancy device 120 is provided with the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320; both the planar wave-damping mechanism 310 and the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320 are provided with a plate body 301, and a plurality of buffer permeable structures 302 are provided on the plate body 301 and densely distributed thereon; the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320 also includes connecting side plates connected to the vertical buoyancy device 100 on both sides, and the connecting side plates are provided with a plurality of guide holes, the size of which gradually increases from both sides to the middle. The planar wave-damping mechanism 310 is used to form an interception plane parallel to the wave impact surface, using its own large vertical area to intercept and dampen waves; the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320 is used to guide the waves to change direction, consuming the wave impact force to intercept and dampen waves; the front buoyancy device 110 is used to form the first interception of the marine wave-damping component 010 directly facing the waves; the rear buoyancy device 120 is the last interception of the marine wave-damping component 010. Both the planar wave-damping mechanism 310 and the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320 are provided with a plate body 301, and a number of buffer permeable structures 302 are arranged on the plate body 301 and densely distributed; the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320 also includes connecting side plates connected to the vertical buoyancy device 100 on both sides, and the connecting side plates are provided with a number of guide holes, the size of which gradually increases from both sides to the middle.

[0035] The front buoyancy device 110 is equipped with a planar wave-damping mechanism 310, which is used to withstand the impact of the first wave. Its purpose is to disperse the maximum impact force and ensure that the dispersed impact is evenly distributed, allowing the front buoyancy device 110 to maintain a stable upright position during wave-damping. The end buoyancy device 120 is equipped with an arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320 to protect the stability of the marine wave-damping component 010. As the final wave-damping layer, if the wave intensity, after being weakened multiple times, still forms a significant impact force, the end buoyancy device 120, if using the planar wave-damping mechanism 310, would bear a large impact and be easily damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to guide the wave to change direction to maintain the stability of its structure. Through the densely distributed buffer and permeable structure 302, the impact force on the main plate 301 can be effectively reduced, changing the single force direction of the wave. This not only achieves a certain wave-damping effect through its own buffer and permeable structure 302, but also further maintains the stability of the main plate 301 itself. By strengthening the connection and structural strength between the main body of the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320 and the vertical buoyancy device 100 through the connecting side plate, an impact surface that hinders the impact of sea waves is formed, making it easier for the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320 to be pushed away from its effective position. To solve this problem, guide holes are set on the connecting side plate. The reason for using size variation instead of increasing density is that, on the one hand, the area of ​​the connecting side plate is utilized, and on the other hand, the structural strength of the connecting side plate is maintained by the gap between the large and small guide holes, thereby achieving a balance between structural strength and guide effect, and better solving this problem.

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, the top, bottom and wave-facing surfaces of the front buoyancy device 110 are open, and the planar wave-damping mechanism 310 is disposed on the back wave side 102 of the front buoyancy device 110; the plate body 301 in the planar wave-damping mechanism 310 is flat, the plate body 301 is vertically disposed and covers the back wave surface of the front buoyancy device 110, and the buffer permeable structure 302 is evenly distributed on the plate body 301.

[0037] The openness of the wave-facing surface allows the water to quickly fill the interior of the front buoyancy device 110 when impacted by waves, enabling the front vertical buoyancy device 100 to quickly integrate with the waves, resulting in uniform force distribution and preventing capsizing. The openness of the bottom and top surfaces helps guide the waves upward and downward, creating uniform force distribution and further maintaining the stability of the front buoyancy device 110. The flat plate shape helps to directly face the impact force and ensures that the waves, upon entering the front buoyancy device 110, are evenly distributed and quickly fill its interior. The buffer permeable structure 302 is evenly distributed across the entire plate body 301 to further maintain the force balance of the front buoyancy device 110.

[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, the top, bottom, and back wave surfaces of the end buoyancy device 120 are open. The wave-facing surface of the end buoyancy device 120 is provided with an upper baffle 121 and an arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism. The upper baffle 121 is positioned above the draft. The arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism is an arc-shaped plate with its concave surface facing the front buoyancy device 110. The buffer permeable structure 302 is evenly distributed below the draft of the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism.

[0039] The purpose of opening the back side is to reduce the pull on the front vertical buoyancy device 100 when the wave impacts, so that the rear buoyancy device 120 impacts the sea surface under the thrust of the front side, allowing the seawater behind to quickly fill the interior of the rear buoyancy device 120. The rear buoyancy device 120 and the wave quickly become one, thus the overall force is evenly distributed, reducing the pull on the front vertical buoyancy device 100. The opening of the bottom and top surfaces helps to guide the wave to flow up and down, thus forming a uniform force distribution from top to bottom, further maintaining the stability of the rear buoyancy device 120 itself. The concave surface facing the front buoyancy device 110 allows the wave on the sea surface to be guided downward and forward to below the sea surface after impacting the upper baffle 121. The upper baffle 121 helps to guide the impact on the sea surface to the lower arc position, making the arc-shaped wave-dissipating mechanism more effective in acting on the vertical buoyancy device 100 in front; similarly, the buffer permeable structure 302 is distributed below the draft, which helps to further prevent the waves from being weakened before turning, and improves the effect of the arc-shaped wave-dissipating mechanism.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the fixed connection assembly includes a wave-facing fixing component 221 and a wave-receding fixing component 222. Both the wave-facing fixing component 221 and the wave-receding fixing component 222 include a connector 230 connected at one end to the marine wave-dissipating component 010, and several counterweights 240 and gripping components 250 connected in series on the connector 230. The gripping components 250 are located on the side of the counterweights 240 away from the marine wave-dissipating component 010. The wave-facing fixing component 221 is used to tighten the marine wave-dissipating component 010 from one side; the wave-receding fixing component 222 is used to tighten the marine wave-dissipating component 010 from the other side; the counterweights 240 are used to press the gripping components 250 together, and the gripping components 250 are used to form a fixed connection with the seabed 002.

[0041] The wave-facing fixing component 221 bears the backward thrust of the wave-facing surface of the marine wave-dissipating component 010 after being impacted by the wave-facing surface, so as to keep the wave-facing surface of the marine wave-dissipating component 010 on the same plane; while the back-wave fixing component 222 is used to cooperate with the wave-facing fixing component 221 to form a tension fixing on both sides, preventing the marine wave-dissipating component 010 from being pulled towards the wave-facing surface after the waves recede. The combination of the two improves the overall stability of the marine wave-dissipating component 010; after being fixed, the gripping component 250 forms a certain angle with the seabed 002. In order to avoid the gripping component 250 being directly touched and causing failure when subjected to force, a counterweight 240 is set on one side of the gripping component 250, which can greatly eliminate the impact from the marine wave-dissipating component 010, thereby ensuring the fixing effect of the gripping component 250.

[0042] The wave-facing fixing component 221 is disposed outside the wave-facing side 101 of the marine wave-dissipating component 010 and is distributed in a row at equal intervals. The wave-facing fixing component 221 corresponds one-to-one with the marine wave-dissipating component 010 and is connected to the wave-facing side 101 of the marine wave-dissipating component 010, so that two adjacent marine wave-dissipating components 010 are close to each other and a gap for movement is left.

[0043] The positional limitation of the wave-facing fixing component 221 relatively fixes the position of the marine wave-dissipating component 010. The wave-facing fixing component 221 acts on the wave-facing side 101 of the marine wave-dissipating component 010, and the one-to-one correspondence ensures that each marine wave-dissipating component 010 can transmit the impact to the seabed 002 through the wave-facing fixing component 221 when subjected to wave impact, maintaining a basic position. The movable gap can prevent collisions between adjacent marine wave-dissipating components 010 while controlling their relative positions, preventing the movable gap from becoming a weak point in the waves and continuously increasing, thus disrupting the overall state.

[0044] The wave-back fixing component 222 is disposed outside the wave-back side 102 of the marine wave-dissipating component 010 and is arranged in a row at intervals. The wave-back fixing component 222 is connected to the wave-back side 102 of the marine wave-dissipating component 010. The same number of marine wave-dissipating components 010 are provided between two adjacent marine wave-dissipating components 010 connected to the wave-back fixing component 222.

[0045] The wave-dissipating components 010 are densely arranged, with intermittently spaced back-wave fixing components 222 providing partial, lateral, rather than complete, fixation to the wave-dissipating components 010. This ensures relative movement between the back-wave fixing components 222. Completely fixing all back-wave fixing components 222 would significantly reduce relative movement, placing a heavy stress on the fixing components and making them prone to damage and displacement. The intermittent placement of the back-wave fixing components 222, by partially restricting movement, achieves a balance between increasing overall stability and reducing stress, thus effectively improving overall stability.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] This embodiment is a marine wave-damping system, including: at least three marine wave-damping components 010 arranged in a row, with the wave-facing surfaces of the marine wave-damping components 010 located in the same plane; each marine wave-damping component 010 includes: at least two vertical buoyancy devices 100 and a connecting component; the vertical buoyancy devices 100 are arranged in a row along the direction of wave flow; the connecting component includes a combined connecting component 210 and a fixed connecting component; two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices 100 are movably connected through the combined connecting component 210; each vertical buoyancy device 100 includes: a front buoyancy device 110 and a rear buoyancy device 120 respectively disposed at both ends, with wave-damping mechanisms provided on the front buoyancy device 110 and the rear buoyancy device 120; one end of the fixed connecting component is connected to the front buoyancy device 110, and the other end is connected to the seabed 002; a work platform 400 is provided on the top surface of the vertical buoyancy device 100.

[0048] The marine wave-damping component 010 is used to dampen waves over a certain distance. The vertical buoyancy device 100 is used to withstand wave impacts and form a vertical foundation for fixation. The front buoyancy device 110 is the first wave-facing facility of the marine wave-damping component 010; the rear buoyancy device 120 is the last wave-facing facility of the marine wave-damping component 010. The wave-damping mechanism is used to eliminate the impact of waves. Connecting components are used to form connections between each other. The combined connecting component 210 is used with the vertical buoyancy device 100 to form the marine wave-damping component 010. The fixed connecting component is used to fix the marine wave-damping component 010 at a specific location in Shanghai. The direction of wave flow specifically refers to the direction of wave flow that the marine wave-damping component 010 needs to correspond to when it is working during the design and installation process. After installation, the wave-facing surface of the marine wave-damping component 010 is fixed, mainly to dampen waves in the designed direction.

[0049] The vertical buoyancy devices 100 are similar or even identical in size. When the sea level is horizontal, the wave-facing surfaces of each vertical buoyancy device 100 are parallel to each other, with their centers located on the same straight line. Each vertical buoyancy device 100's wave-facing surface faces the same side. When there are at least three vertical buoyancy devices 100, wave-damping mechanisms can be installed on the other vertical buoyancy devices 100, except for the front buoyancy device 110 and the rear buoyancy device 120. Preferably, the vertical buoyancy device 100 differs from the horizontal buoyancy device in that its bottom surface area is smaller than the areas of its other sides. Taking a cuboid shape as an example, its bottom surface is the smallest side, allowing for a greater draft. The movable connection specifically limits the maximum relative length of the two connections. The connecting components are specifically composed of various anchor cables. The movable connection of the combined connecting components 210 specifically refers to the formation of a limited constraint between two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices 100. Under the connection of the combined connecting components 210, there is a certain amount of movement between the two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices 100, but it is limited to a certain constraint range so that it can adapt to the fluctuation of the waves while maintaining a basic combined state.

[0050] The marine wave-damping assembly 010 consists of two vertical buoyancy devices 100. The wave-facing surfaces of all the front vertical buoyancy devices 100 are located on the same vertical horizontal plane. Specifically, it can be composed of 21 marine wave-damping assemblies 010. Each vertical buoyancy device 100 includes a counterweight support and a buoyancy assembly 140. The buoyancy assembly 140 is located in the middle of the counterweight support, and the center of gravity of the vertical buoyancy device 100 is located below its draft. The buoyancy assembly 140 includes at least two vertically arranged buoyancy units 141. The waterline 003 of the marine wave-damping assembly 010 divides the uppermost buoyancy unit 141 into an upper buoyancy section 142 and a lower submerged section 143. The wave-facing side 101 of the buoyancy unit 141 is provided with upward and downward guiding surfaces 144. The counterweight support provides sufficient sinking weight for the vertical buoyancy device 100; the buoyancy assembly 140 provides sufficient buoyancy for the vertical buoyancy device 100 to control its center of gravity.

[0051] The buoyancy unit 141 is used to form different arrangement combinations; the guide surface 144 is used to disperse the impact of waves and guide the waves to pour to both sides; the waterline 003 is used to match the design draft of the marine wave-dissipating component 010; the design of the buoyancy section 142 is used to provide sufficient buoyancy to ensure that the marine wave-dissipating component 010, which is swept below the sea surface by waves, can more easily rise and recover; the design of the submerged section 143 is used to limit the amount of buoyancy provided by the buoyancy section 142. The counterweight support can be a high-density metal support, and the outer contour of the counterweight support forms a cuboid shape. The buoyancy component 140 can be an inflatable component, a hollow component, or a solid component with a density lower than seawater, which is combined with the counterweight support to adjust the center of gravity. The draft specifically refers to the preset draft depth into seawater when the vertical buoyancy device 100 is designed, and a waterline 003 corresponding to the design draft depth is formed on the vertical buoyancy device 100.

[0052] The buoyancy unit 141 can specifically be made of PE buoyancy tube, and the volume ratio of the floating part 142 to the submerged part 143 is 1:3 to 3:1. A mounting position for the buoyancy unit 141 is provided in the middle of the side of the counterweight support. The buoyancy unit 141 is fixed inside the counterweight support through the mounting position, and there is an equidistant interval between two adjacent mounting positions. Convection holes 132 are provided at the lower part of both sides of the counterweight support. The vertical buoyancy device 100 is also equipped with a detection component, which includes: an anemometer and wave meter mounted on the workbench 400, and a surface current meter mounted on one side at the lower part. The mounting position is used to fix the buoyancy unit 141; the sides of the counterweight support are located on both sides of the wave-facing surface of the vertical buoyancy device 100; the spacing is used to partially release the impact force acting on the surface of the buoyancy unit 141; the convection holes 132 are used for the flow of seawater on the sides; the detection component is used to detect marine parameters near the vertical buoyancy device 100.

[0053] The buoyancy unit 141 is a cylinder of equal size, and the interval between two adjacent buoyancy units 141 is 0.5 to 1 times the diameter of the buoyancy unit 141. Specifically, the buoyancy assembly 140 consists of three buoyancy units 141. The mounting position is a circular hole that matches the buoyancy assembly 140. Both ends of the buoyancy unit 141 protrude slightly from the mounting positions on both sides. Below the mounting position is a long strip-shaped convection hole 132, and the positions of the convection holes 132 on both sides correspond to each other. Specifically, each marine wave-damping assembly 010 is equipped with an independent detection component. The combined connection assembly 210 includes several anchor cables symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical buoyancy device 100. The two ends of each anchor cable are connected to the same side of two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices 100. The anchor cables are evenly distributed in the vertical direction and are all set below the draft. When the anchor cables are fully extended, the wave-facing surfaces of two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices 100 are parallel.

[0054] Anchor cables are used to limit the maximum distance between two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices 100. Specifically, there are three anchor cables, connecting two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices 100 from the top, middle, and bottom positions. When the vertical buoyancy device 100 is equipped with an arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320, the anchor cables are connected to the vertical buoyancy device 100 through the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320. The length of the anchor cable is 1.5 to 3 times the height of the vertical buoyancy device 100. When connecting to the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320, one end of the anchor cable is connected to the end of the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320 closest to the vertical buoyancy device 100 in front. The wave-damping mechanism includes: a planar wave-damping mechanism 310 and an arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320; the front buoyancy device 110 is provided with the planar wave-damping mechanism 310, and the end buoyancy device 120 is provided with the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320; both the planar wave-damping mechanism 310 and the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320 are provided with a plate body 301, and a number of buffer permeable structures 302 are provided on the plate body 301 and densely distributed thereon.

[0055] The curved wave-damping mechanism 320 also includes connecting side plates on both sides connected to the vertical buoyancy device 100. The connecting side plates have several guide holes, the size of which gradually increases from both sides towards the center. The planar wave-damping mechanism 310 is used to form an interception plane parallel to the wave impact surface, using its own large vertical area for wave interception and damping. The curved wave-damping mechanism 320 is used to guide the wave to change direction, consuming the wave impact force to intercept and dampen it. The front buoyancy device 110 forms the first line of interception for the marine wave-damping component 010 directly facing the wave. The rear buoyancy device 120 is the last line of interception for the marine wave-damping component 010. Both the planar wave-damping mechanism 310 and the curved wave-damping mechanism 320 have a plate body 301 and several densely distributed buffer permeable structures 302 on the plate body 301. The curved wave-damping mechanism 320 also includes connecting side plates on both sides connected to the vertical buoyancy device 100. The connecting side plates have several guide holes, the size of which gradually increases from both sides towards the center.

[0056] The planar wave-damping mechanism 310 is specifically a rectangular plate with dimensions matching those of the back wave surface of the front buoyancy device 110, covering the entire back wave surface of the front buoyancy device 110. The arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism is an arc-shaped plate with a vertical cross-section of a quarter-circle. The upper end of the arc connects to the top surface of the end buoyancy device 120, and the lower end is on the same horizontal plane as the bottom surface of the end buoyancy device 120. This allows the waves impacting the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism to be guided forward, pushing the front vertical buoyancy device 100 and thus counteracting the impact of the frontal waves, forming guided wave-damping while maintaining overall stability. Specifically, the plate body 301 is made of rigid material, and the buffer permeable structure 302 is specifically a permeable hole penetrating the wave-facing and back wave surfaces of the plate body 301. The dense distribution of these holes makes the wave-damping effect more pronounced. After passing through the buffer wave-damping structure, the impact force of the seawater is further dispersed, and the weight of the plate body 301 itself is reduced, minimizing the impact on the counterweight of the vertical buoyancy device 100.

[0057] The guide hole is a circular hole. The top, bottom, and wave-facing surfaces of the front buoyancy device 110 are open, and the planar wave-damping mechanism 310 is located on the back-wave side 102 of the front buoyancy device 110. The plate body 301 of the planar wave-damping mechanism 310 is flat, vertically arranged, and covers the back-wave surface of the front buoyancy device 110. The buffer permeable structure 302 is evenly distributed on the plate body 301. Specifically, the front buoyancy device 110 includes a left side plate and a right side plate, as well as a connecting strip connecting the left side plate and the right side plate, forming a cuboid vertical frame, making the top, bottom, and wave-facing surfaces open, while the back-wave surface is covered by the planar wave-damping mechanism 310. The buffer permeable structure 302 is a circular hole, distributed in multiple rows and columns on the plate body 301, with the same spacing between adjacent columns or rows. The back-wave surface and the wave-facing surface are opposite each other.

[0058] The top, bottom, and back surfaces of the end buoyancy device 120 are open. The wave-facing surface of the end buoyancy device 120 is provided with an upper baffle 121 and an arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism. The upper baffle 121 is positioned above the draft. The arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism is an arc-shaped plate with its concave surface facing the front buoyancy device 110. The buffer permeable structure 302 is evenly distributed below the draft of the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism. Specifically, the end buoyancy device 120 includes a left side plate and a right side plate, as well as a connecting strip connecting the left side plate and the right side plate, forming a rectangular vertical frame, with the top, bottom, and wave-facing surfaces open, while the wave-facing surface is covered by the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism 320. The upper end of the upper baffle 121 is flush with the top surface of the end buoyancy device 120, and the lower end is flush with the waterline 003. The distance between the buffer permeable structure 302 and the waterline 003 is not less than the height of the upper baffle 121.

[0059] The fixed connection assembly includes a wave-facing fixing component 221 and a wave-avoiding fixing component 222. Both the wave-facing fixing component 221 and the wave-avoiding fixing component 222 include a connector 230 connected at one end to the marine wave-dissipating component 010, and several counterweights 240 and gripping components 250 connected in series on the connector 230. The gripping components 250 are located on the side of the counterweights 240 away from the marine wave-dissipating component 010. The wave-facing fixing component 221 is used to tighten the marine wave-dissipating component 010 from one side; the wave-avoiding fixing component 222 is used to tighten the marine wave-dissipating component 010 from the other side. The counterweights 240 are used to press the gripping components 250 together, and the gripping components 250 are used to form a fixed connection with the seabed 002. Specifically, the counterweight 240 can be a cement anchor, the gripper 250 can be an anchor, one end of the anchor cable is connected to the marine wave-damping component 010, and the other end is connected to the gripper 250. Two counterweights 240 are connected to the side of the anchor cable near the gripper 250. The length of the connector 230 between the two counterweights 240 is greater than the distance between the two counterweights 240. The distance between the counterweight 240 near the gripper 250 and the gripper 250 is less than the length of the connector 230 connecting the two.

[0060] The advantage of this design is that it provides a certain buffer margin, preventing the entire fixed connection assembly from being affected by force in one place. The wave-facing fixing components 221 are arranged in a row at equal intervals outside the wave-facing side 101 of the marine wave-dissipating assembly 010. Each wave-facing fixing component 221 corresponds to one of the marine wave-dissipating assemblies 010 and is connected to the wave-facing side 101 of the marine wave-dissipating assembly 010, allowing adjacent marine wave-dissipating assemblies 010 to be close together while maintaining a gap. Specifically, the gap is no greater than 1 / 4 of the width of the marine wave-dissipating assembly 010. The wave-receding fixing components 222 are arranged in a row at intervals outside the wave-receding side 102 of the marine wave-dissipating assembly 010. Each wave-receding fixing component 222 is connected to the wave-receding side 102 of the marine wave-dissipating assembly 010, and the same number of marine wave-dissipating assemblies 010 are provided between adjacent marine wave-dissipating assemblies 010 connected to the wave-receding fixing components 222. Specifically, between two adjacent wave-dissipating components 010 connected to the back-wave fixing component 222, there are two wave-dissipating components 010 that are only connected to the front-wave fixing component 221.

[0061] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine wave-damping system, characterized in that, include: At least three marine wave-damping components are arranged in a row, with their wave-facing surfaces located in the same plane. Each marine wave-damping component includes: at least two vertical buoyancy devices and a connecting assembly. The vertical buoyancy devices are arranged in a row along the direction of wave flow. The connecting assembly includes a combined connecting assembly and a fixed connecting assembly. Adjacent vertical buoyancy devices are movably connected through the combined connecting assembly. Each vertical buoyancy device includes a front buoyancy device and a rear buoyancy device respectively disposed at both ends. The front buoyancy device and the rear buoyancy device are equipped with wave-damping mechanisms. One end of the fixed connecting assembly is connected to the front buoyancy device, and the other end is connected to the seabed. The top surface of the vertical buoyancy device is equipped with a work platform. The wave-damping mechanism includes a planar wave-damping mechanism and an arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism; the front buoyancy device is equipped with a planar wave-damping mechanism, and the end buoyancy device is equipped with an arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism; both the planar wave-damping mechanism and the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism are equipped with a plate body, and a number of buffer and permeable structures are arranged on the plate body and densely distributed; the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism also includes connecting side plates connected to the vertical buoyancy device on both sides, and the connecting side plates are equipped with a number of guide holes, the size of which gradually increases from both sides to the middle; The top, bottom, and wave-facing surfaces of the front buoyancy device are open, and the planar wave-damping mechanism is located on the wave-repelling side of the front buoyancy device; the plate body of the planar wave-damping mechanism is flat, the plate body is vertically arranged and covers the wave-repelling surface of the front buoyancy device, and the buffer permeable structure is evenly distributed on the plate body; The top, bottom, and back wave surfaces of the end buoyancy device are open, and the wave-facing surface of the end buoyancy device is provided with an upper baffle and an arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism; the upper baffle is located above the draft, the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism is an arc-shaped plate with its concave surface facing the front buoyancy device, and the buffer permeable structure is evenly distributed below the draft of the arc-shaped wave-damping mechanism. The vertical buoyancy device includes a counterweight support and a buoyancy assembly. The buoyancy assembly is located in the middle of the counterweight support, and the center of gravity of the vertical buoyancy device is located below the draft. The buoyancy assembly includes at least two vertically arranged buoyancy units. The waterline of the wave-dissipating component divides the uppermost buoyancy unit into an upper floating part and a lower submerged part. The wave-facing side of the buoyancy unit is provided with upward and downward guiding surfaces.

2. A marine wave-damping system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The counterweight support has a buoyancy unit mounting position in the middle of its side. The buoyancy unit is fixed in the counterweight support through the mounting position. There is an equal interval between two adjacent mounting positions. Convection holes are provided at the lower part of both sides of the counterweight support. The vertical buoyancy device is also equipped with a detection component, which includes an anemometer, a wave meter and a surface current meter set on the workbench.

3. A marine wave-damping system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combined connection assembly includes several anchor cables symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical buoyancy device. The two ends of each anchor cable are connected to the same side of two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices. The anchor cables are evenly distributed in the vertical direction and are all located below the draft. When the anchor cables are fully extended, the wave-facing surfaces of two adjacent vertical buoyancy devices are parallel.

4. A marine wave-damping system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The fixed connection assembly includes a wave-facing fixed assembly and a wave-repellent fixed assembly. Both the wave-facing fixed assembly and the wave-repellent fixed assembly include a connector with one end connected to the marine wave-dissipating assembly, as well as a number of counterweights and gripping components connected in series on the connector. The gripping components are located on the side of the counterweights away from the marine wave-dissipating assembly.

5. A marine wave-damping system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wave-facing fixing components are arranged on the outside of the wave-facing side of the marine wave-dissipating components and are distributed in a row at equal intervals. The wave-facing fixing components correspond one-to-one with the marine wave-dissipating components and are connected to the wave-facing side of the marine wave-dissipating components, so that the two adjacent marine wave-dissipating components are close to each other and have a gap for movement.

6. A marine wave-damping system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wave-stopping components are arranged on the wave-stopping side of the marine wave-dissipating components and are distributed in a row at intervals. The wave-stopping components are connected to the wave-stopping side of the marine wave-dissipating components, and the same number of marine wave-dissipating components are provided between two adjacent marine wave-dissipating components connected to the wave-stopping components.

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