A sponge cadmium smelting and purifying device and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application discloses a sponge cadmium smelting and purifying device and a use method thereof, relates to the technical field of sponge cadmium smelting, and comprises a supporting assembly, a smelting assembly, an inner container assembly and a power assembly. The use method comprises the following steps: equipment preheating, raw material adding, heating and stirring and discharging. The smelting assembly and the inner container assembly are arranged above the supporting assembly. The smelting assembly can heat the inner container assembly. The inner container assembly can rotate in the smelting assembly. A plurality of material shoveling plates are arranged in the inner container assembly. The material shoveling plates can rotate reversely with the furnace container, so that the smelting auxiliary materials with small density and the sponge cadmium raw materials with large density can be fully mixed, the smelting and purifying efficiency of the sponge cadmium raw materials is ensured, and the technical problem that the precipitated metal zinc, lead and arsenic cannot fully contact with the reduction smelting auxiliary materials floating on the upper layer and react during stirring, thereby resulting in an undesirable reduction smelting and impurity removing effect is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cadmium sponge smelting technology, and in particular to a cadmium sponge smelting and purification apparatus and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In the production process of recovering zinc-based products from zinc-containing solid waste such as metallurgical gas ash, iron ore slag, and mineral slag, zinc powder is often used to replace cadmium ions in zinc sulfate solution to obtain sponge cadmium. Sponge cadmium is then pressed into pellets and reduced smelted to obtain an important by-product, crude cadmium ingots. The main precipitates in sponge cadmium are zinc, lead, arsenic, and cadmium oxide. To remove these precipitates and improve the purity of cadmium ingots, one or more of the following reducing smelting additives, including caustic soda, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, reducing pulverized coal, and charcoal powder, need to be added for melting and smelting. During the melting and smelting process, because the reducing smelting additives such as alkali, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, reducing pulverized coal, and charcoal powder have low densities while the molten cadmium, zinc, and lead metals have high densities and high viscosity, a separation effect easily occurs in the furnace, where the additives float while the molten metal sinks.

[0003] A sponge cadmium smelting and purification device with application number 202023079226.5 features a stirring paddle that rotates in both the vertical and horizontal directions to achieve a tilling and mixing process. This allows the precipitated zinc, lead, and arsenic metals that have sunk to the bottom to fully contact and react with the floating auxiliary materials under low-speed stirring conditions. However, in actual use, considering the weight of the precipitated zinc, lead, and arsenic metals, if the smelting furnace utilizes the rotation of the stirring paddle, it cannot effectively promote the precipitated zinc, lead, and arsenic metals to rise. The precipitated zinc, lead, and arsenic metals that have sunk to the bottom will float a certain distance when the stirring paddle rotates, but will not fully contact and react with the floating reduction smelting auxiliary materials on the top, resulting in an unsatisfactory reduction smelting and impurity removal effect. Moreover, after purification, the sponge cadmium is in a mixed state with the auxiliary materials, making it inconvenient to separate and discharge it.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a sponge cadmium smelting and purification device and its usage method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cadmium sponge smelting and purification apparatus and its usage method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cadmium sponge smelting and purification device, comprising a support component, a smelting component, an inner liner component, and a power component, wherein the inner liner component is disposed inside the smelting component, the power component is disposed at the bottom end of the smelting component, and the smelting component, the inner liner component, and the power component are all mounted on the support component.

[0007] A worm gear is mounted on the support assembly, a worm is provided on one side of the worm gear, and an adjusting motor is assembled at one end of the worm.

[0008] The inner liner assembly includes a furnace liner, and a spiral-shaped stirring ring plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity side wall of the furnace liner. A spiral-shaped discharge plate is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the furnace liner, and density sensors are fixed at corresponding positions on the inner side wall of the furnace liner and the discharge plate.

[0009] A fixed column is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom inner wall of the furnace shell. A rotating rod is movably inserted into the fixed column. A conical block is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating rod. An extension sleeve is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conical block. Multiple scraping plates are hinged to the outer wall of the extension sleeve. A limiting ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed column. An annular air bladder is movably sleeved on the limiting ring. An expansion air bladder is integrally formed and connected to the outer wall of the annular air bladder. A push block adapted to the expansion air bladder is integrally formed on the scraping plate. Receiving grooves are evenly opened on the outer wall of the scraping plate.

[0010] Preferably, the support assembly includes a base, two support frames are provided on the top of the base, a support rod is provided through the inner top of the support frame via a bearing, the worm gear is fixed to the front end of the support rod, and the adjusting motor is fixed to the outer wall of the support frame.

[0011] Preferably, the smelting assembly includes a smelting furnace, which is fixedly disposed between two support rods. Multiple support rollers are arranged around the bottom of the smelting furnace. An annular gas guide pipe is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the bottom of the smelting furnace. Multiple flame nozzles are arranged around the outer side of the gas guide pipe. A spiral gas guide plate is fixedly disposed on the inner side wall of the smelting furnace, and multiple grooves are formed around the inner side wall of the gas guide plate. An annular positioning plate is fixedly disposed on the top of the smelting furnace, and multiple exhaust holes are formed around the upper surface of the positioning plate.

[0012] Preferably, the furnace liner is disposed inside the smelting furnace, and the bottom end of the furnace liner is in contact with the supporting roller. A through groove is provided through the middle of the fixed column. A fixed seat is fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the furnace liner. A square groove is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the fixed seat. The rotating rod is disposed through the through groove. A transmission block is fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the rotating rod. The transmission block is disposed inside the square groove. A hexagonal transmission groove is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the transmission block.

[0013] Preferably, the power assembly includes a power box, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the smelting furnace. A transmission sleeve is provided through the center of the top of the power box via a bearing. A fitting plate is fixedly installed at the top of the transmission sleeve. A square block adapted to a square groove is fixedly installed at the center of the upper surface of the fitting plate. A circular groove is provided through the center of the square block. An insert adapted to the transmission groove is provided through the interior of the circular groove. A transmission rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the insert, and the bottom of the transmission rod is located inside the power box.

[0014] Preferably, a first bevel gear is provided at the bottom end of the transmission rod, a second bevel gear is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the transmission sleeve, a third bevel gear is provided between the first and second bevel gears, a power motor is provided on one side of the third bevel gear, and the power motor is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the power box.

[0015] Preferably, a square groove is formed through the middle of the first bevel gear, and a sliding rod is formed through the inside of the square groove. The sliding rod is fixedly set at the bottom end of the transmission rod, and the bottom end of the sliding rod is movably set to the inner wall of the bottom end of the power box via a bearing. A movable seat is movably set at the bottom end of the first bevel gear via an annular bearing. A connecting rod is fixedly set at the bottom end of the movable seat, and a positioning seat is fixedly set at the bottom end of the connecting rod. The positioning seat is located below the power box, and a threaded groove is formed through the middle of the positioning seat. A screw is formed through the inside of the threaded groove, and the top end of the screw is movably set inside the power box via a bearing.

[0016] Preferably, the top end of the shovel plate is hinged to the extension sleeve via a hinge shaft. The extension sleeve is located on the outside of the fixed column, and an opening groove adapted to the push block is provided on the outer wall of the extension sleeve. The opening groove is an arc-shaped groove with the hinge shaft as the center. The push block is an arc-shaped block. The inflatable airbag is slidably assembled in the opening groove. The shovel plate is configured as an inclined fan blade structure.

[0017] Preferably, the inner diameter of the discharge plate decreases from bottom to top, and the discharge plate is a downward spiral stirring plate, while the stirring annular plate is a upward spiral stirring plate.

[0018] A method of using a cadmium sponge smelting and purification apparatus, the method comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Preheat the equipment by heating the inner liner assembly through the melting component;

[0020] Step 2: Adding raw materials. Add the sponge cadmium raw material, as well as alkali, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, reducing pulverized coal, and charcoal powder reducing smelting auxiliary materials to the inner liner assembly. Power is provided to the inner liner assembly through the power component to achieve mixing and stirring of the raw materials and auxiliary materials.

[0021] Step 3: Heating and stirring. The inner liner component is continuously heated through the melting component, so that the cadmium sponge raw material and the melting auxiliary materials react with heat, and the raw materials and auxiliary materials are stirred during this process.

[0022] Step 4: Discharge. Separate the smelted cadmium sponge raw materials and auxiliary materials and discharge them. During the discharge process, first stop stirring the raw materials and auxiliary materials. After the raw materials and auxiliary materials have settled, the auxiliary materials will float on the top layer of the mixture due to their lower density. At this time, adjust the angle of the smelting component and the inner liner component to separate the auxiliary materials on the top layer from the raw materials on the bottom layer and pour them out. This completes the smelting and purification of cadmium sponge.

[0023] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. This invention features a support assembly with a smelting assembly and an inner liner assembly above it. The smelting assembly heats the inner liner assembly, which can rotate inside the smelting assembly. The sponge cadmium raw material and smelting auxiliary materials can react within the inner liner assembly to achieve the smelting and purification of the sponge cadmium. Furthermore, the inner liner assembly contains multiple shovel plates that can rotate in the opposite direction to the furnace liner to fully mix the lower-density smelting auxiliary materials and the higher-density sponge cadmium raw material, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the smelting and purification of the sponge cadmium raw material.

[0025] 2. This invention provides a power component to the inner liner assembly, ensuring that the furnace liner and the shovel plate can rotate in opposite directions to mix the raw materials. By setting a spiral-shaped discharge plate at the top of the furnace liner, the device allows the mixture of raw materials and auxiliary materials to remain still during discharge. Since the auxiliary materials have a lower density, they float on top of the mixture. At this time, the power component can drive only the furnace liner to rotate, and the auxiliary materials on top are preferentially discharged under the action of the discharge plate, thereby achieving the separate discharge of raw materials and auxiliary materials, which is convenient for subsequent processing of sponge cadmium.

[0026] 3. This invention incorporates a smelting assembly with multiple flame nozzles arranged around its interior. These nozzles heat the inner liner assembly. Furthermore, the smelting assembly includes a spiral-structured air guide plate. Heated air inside the smelting assembly rises spirally along the air guide plate to heat the outer wall of the inner liner assembly. This improves the heating efficiency of the smelting assembly on the inner liner assembly, thereby enhancing the smelting and purification efficiency of the sponge cadmium raw material. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the furnace shell structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the furnace structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the material scraper structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the smelting furnace structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power component structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the power component structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission rod structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting component structure of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the layered structure of the sponge cadmium raw material and smelting auxiliary materials inside the device of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 12 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Support assembly; 2. Melting assembly; 3. Inner liner assembly; 4. Power assembly; 101. Base; 102. Support frame; 103. Support rod; 104. Worm gear; 105. Worm; 106. Adjusting motor; 201. Melting furnace; 202. Support roller; 203. Gas guide pipe; 204. Flame nozzle; 205. Gas guide plate; 206. Groove; 207. Positioning plate; 208. Exhaust hole; 301. Furnace liner; 302. Fixed column; 303. Through groove; 304. Fixed seat; 305. Square groove; 306. Discharge plate; 307. Rotating rod; 308. Conical block; 309. Extension sleeve; 310. Shovel plate; 311. Transmission block 312. Transmission groove; 313. Agitator ring plate; 314. Hinge shaft; 315. Limiting ring; 316. Annular airbag; 317. Inflatable airbag; 318. Push block; 319. Density sensor; 320. Receiving groove; 401. Power box; 402. Transmission sleeve; 403. Adhesive plate; 404. Square block; 405. Circular groove; 406. Insert block; 407. Transmission rod; 408. First bevel gear; 409. Second bevel gear; 410. Third bevel gear; 411. Power motor; 412. Square slide groove; 413. Slide rod; 414. Movable seat; 415. Connecting rod; 416. Positioning seat; 417. Threaded groove; 418. Screw. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] First Embodiment

[0042] This invention provides, for example Figures 1 to 12 The device for smelting and purifying cadmium sponge shown includes a support component 1, a smelting component 2, an inner liner component 3, and a power component 4. The inner liner component 3 is disposed inside the smelting component 2, and the power component 4 is disposed at the bottom end of the smelting component 2. The smelting component 2, the inner liner component 3, and the power component 4 are all mounted on the support component 1.

[0043] Please see Figure 10The support assembly 1 is equipped with a worm gear 104, a worm 105 is provided on one side of the worm gear 104, and an adjusting motor 106 is installed at one end of the worm 105. The support assembly 1 includes a base 101, and two support frames 102 are provided on the top of the base 101. A support rod 103 is provided through the inner top of the support frame 102 via a bearing. The worm gear 104 is fixed to the front end of the support rod 103, and the adjusting motor 106 is fixed to the outer wall of the support frame 102. The adjusting motor 106 can drive the worm 105 to rotate, thereby driving the worm gear 104 to rotate, and then driving the support rod 103 to rotate, so as to adjust the angle of the melting assembly 2.

[0044] Please see Figure 6 The smelting assembly 2 includes a smelting furnace 201, which is fixedly mounted between two support rods 103. Multiple support rollers 202 are arranged around the bottom of the smelting furnace 201. A ring-shaped gas guide pipe 203 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of the smelting furnace 201. Multiple flame nozzles 204 are arranged around the outer side of the gas guide pipe 203. A spiral-shaped gas guide plate 205 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the smelting furnace 201, and multiple grooves 206 are formed around the inner wall of the gas guide plate 205. The grooves 206 facilitate the discharge of excess air to ensure air flow within the smelting furnace 201. A ring-shaped positioning plate 207 is fixedly mounted at the top of the smelting furnace 201. Multiple exhaust holes 208 are formed around the upper surface of the positioning plate 207, allowing air to be discharged from the smelting furnace 201.

[0045] Please see Figure 4-9The power assembly 4 includes a power box 401, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the smelting furnace 201. A transmission sleeve 402 is installed through the center of the top of the power box 401 via a bearing. A bonding plate 403 is fixedly installed at the top of the transmission sleeve 402. A square block 404 adapted to a square groove 305 is fixedly installed in the center of the upper surface of the bonding plate 403. A circular groove 405 is opened through the center of the square block 404. An insert block 406 adapted to a transmission groove 312 is installed through the inside of the circular groove 405. A transmission rod 407 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the insert block 406, and the bottom of the transmission rod 407 is located inside the power box 401. The inner liner assembly 3 encloses... The furnace includes a furnace liner 301, which is located inside the smelting furnace 201. The bottom end of the furnace liner 301 is in contact with the supporting roller 202, which facilitates the rotation of the furnace liner 301 inside the smelting furnace 201. A through groove 303 is provided through the middle of the fixed column 302. A fixed seat 304 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the furnace liner 301. A square groove 305 is provided at the middle of the bottom end of the fixed seat 304. A rotating rod 307 is provided through the through groove 303. A transmission block 311 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the rotating rod 307. The transmission block 311 is located inside the square groove 305. A hexagonal transmission groove 312 is provided at the middle of the bottom end of the transmission block 311.

[0046] Please see Figure 4-9 The bottom end of the transmission rod 407 is provided with a first bevel gear 408, the bottom end of the transmission sleeve 402 is fixedly provided with a second bevel gear 409, a third bevel gear 410 is provided between the first bevel gear 408 and the second bevel gear 409, a power motor 411 is provided on one side of the third bevel gear 410, and the power motor 411 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the power box 401.

[0047] In actual use, the power motor 411 drives the third bevel gear 410 to rotate, the third bevel gear 410 drives the first bevel gear 408 and the second bevel gear 409 to rotate, the first bevel gear 408 drives the transmission rod 407 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating rod 307 to rotate, the second bevel gear 409 drives the transmission sleeve 402 to rotate, thereby driving the fixed seat 304 to rotate, causing the furnace liner 301 to rotate, and the rotating rod 307 drives the shovel plate 310 to rotate. Since the first bevel gear 408 and the second bevel gear 409 rotate in opposite directions, the furnace liner 301 and the shovel plate 310 rotate in opposite directions. The shovel plate 310 can fully mix the low-density smelting auxiliary materials and the high-density sponge cadmium raw materials, thereby ensuring the efficiency of smelting and purifying sponge cadmium raw materials.

[0048] Please see Figure 4-9A fixing column 302 is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom inner wall of the furnace liner 301. A rotating rod 307 is movably inserted into the fixing column 302. A conical block 308 is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating rod 307. An extension sleeve 309 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conical block 308. Multiple scraper plates 310 are hinged to the outer wall of the extension sleeve 309. A square sliding groove 412 is opened through the middle of the first bevel gear 408. A sliding rod 413 is installed through the inside of the square sliding groove 412. The sliding rod 413 is fixedly installed on the transmission rod 40. The bottom end of the slide bar 413 is movably mounted on the inner wall of the bottom end of the power box 401 via a bearing. The slide bar 413 cooperates with the square slide groove 412, so that the first bevel gear 408 can slide up and down and maintain the transmission effect on the transmission rod 407. The shovel plate 310 is set as an inclined fan blade structure. The furnace liner 301 and the shovel plate 310 rotate in opposite directions. The shovel plate 310 can fully mix the smelting auxiliary materials with lower density and the sponge cadmium raw materials with higher density, thereby ensuring the efficiency of smelting and purifying the sponge cadmium raw materials.

[0049] Second Embodiment

[0050] In actual use, the inner liner assembly 3 needs to be added to the inner liner assembly 3 along with alkali, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, reducing pulverized coal, and charcoal powder reducing smelting auxiliary materials. The power assembly 4 provides power to the inner liner assembly 3 to achieve mixing and stirring of the raw materials and auxiliary materials. When the liquid volume inside the furnace liner 301 is low, the shovel plate 310 cannot contact the liquid. If the rotation of the furnace liner 301 alone cannot make the liquid mix more evenly, the adjusting motor 106 on the support assembly 1 drives the smelting assembly 2 and the inner liner assembly 3 to adjust their angles until the liquid contacts the shovel plate 310. In this way, when the power assembly 4 is working, it can drive the furnace liner 301 and the shovel plate 310 to rotate synchronously, but the furnace liner 301 and the shovel plate 310 rotate in opposite directions, which facilitates the mixing and stirring of the internal liquid. The shovel plate 310 can fully mix the smelting auxiliary materials with lower density and the sponge cadmium raw materials with higher density, thereby ensuring the efficiency of smelting and purifying the sponge cadmium raw materials.

[0051] Please see Figure 11 and 12The inner wall of the furnace liner 301 is fixedly provided with a spiral-shaped discharge plate 306. The outer wall of the fixed column 302 is fixedly sleeved with a limiting ring 315. The limiting ring 315 is movably sleeved with an annular airbag 316. The outer wall of the annular airbag 316 is integrally formed and connected with an expansion airbag 317. The scraper plate 310 is integrally formed with a push block 318 that matches the expansion airbag 317. The top of the scraper plate 310 is hinged to the extension sleeve 309 through a hinge shaft 314. The extension sleeve 309 is located on the outside of the fixed column 302. The outer wall of the extension sleeve 309 is provided with an opening groove that matches the push block 318. The opening groove is an arc-shaped groove with the hinge shaft 314 as the center. The push block 318 is an arc-shaped block. The expansion airbag 317 is slidably assembled in the opening groove. The scraper plate 310 is set as an inclined fan blade structure.

[0052] The inner liner assembly 3 is continuously heated by the flame nozzle 204 on the smelting assembly 2, causing the sponge cadmium raw material and smelting auxiliary materials to react under heat. During this process, the raw materials and auxiliary materials are continuously stirred. While the inner liner assembly 3 is being heated, the power assembly 4 continuously drives the furnace liner 301 and the shovel plate 310 to rotate in opposite directions. As the internal liquid temperature rises, the gas inside the annular gasbag 316 expands due to the increased temperature and volume. Simultaneously, gas can be introduced into the expansion gasbag 317, causing the volume of the expansion gasbag 317 to increase with the temperature and gas volume. As the quantity increases, the expansion of the inflatable airbag 317 causes the pusher 318 to move outward, which in turn causes the shovel plate 310 to rotate around the hinge shaft 314. This changes the angle of the shovel plate 310 and the depth to which it extends into the liquid, thereby increasing the agitation area of ​​the liquid and facilitating the rotation of the liquid to generate vortices. During the rotation of the shovel plate 310, temperature changes are used to achieve adaptive temperature adjustment, which facilitates the generation of larger vortices during material mixing and improves the uniformity of material mixing.

[0053] It is worth noting that the agitator ring plate 313 is a spiral agitator pointing upwards, while the discharge plate 306 is a spiral agitator pointing downwards. Therefore, when the furnace liner 301 rotates, the agitator ring plate 313 and the discharge plate 306 rotate in the same direction, but their material conveying effects are completely opposite. The working principle is similar to that of a conveying auger. Thus, when the power motor 411 drives the furnace liner 301 to rotate forward, the discharge plate 306 conveys material downwards, while the agitator ring plate 313 conveys material upwards. Therefore, during the rotation of the shovel plate 310, the eddy current generated by the rotation of the liquid itself drives the sediment, zinc, lead, and other metals that have settled to the bottom of the furnace liner 301 to move. Arsenic moves upward as the agitator ring plate 313 rotates, and the agitator ring plate 313 provides an upward movement path for the precipitates. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation causes these precipitates to move upward, and then, driven by the agitator ring plate 313, they are fully turned upward, allowing them to fully contact and react with the reducing smelting auxiliary materials floating on the upper layer, greatly improving the reduction reaction rate of the materials. When the discharge plate 306 rotates in the forward direction, it can prevent the internal liquid materials from splashing out. Furthermore, when there is a lot of liquid inside the furnace liner 301, the discharge plate 306 can convey the materials downward. In this way, the collision of materials achieves mixing, which facilitates the reaction of the materials.

[0054] It is worth noting that the outer wall of the shovel plate 310 is evenly provided with receiving grooves 320. This allows the precipitates of zinc, lead, and arsenic that have sunk to the bottom to be fully turned upwards by the stirring ring plate 313 when the furnace liner 301 and the shovel plate 310 rotate synchronously in opposite directions. When these materials are turned upwards to the top of the stirring ring plate 313, the shovel plate 310 has an inclined fan-blade structure, and the inclined surface of the shovel plate 310 can drive the materials upwards when rotating. Therefore, when the shovel plate 310 rotates, the receiving grooves on it can be used to carry the materials upwards. The 320 is used to collect the precipitate. The centrifugal force generated when the precipitate is collected in the receiving tank 320 is used to make the precipitate adhere to the shovel plate 310 after it is turned up by the annular plate 313. The precipitate rotates with the shovel plate 310. In this way, the rotation of the shovel plate 310 can not only fully mix the low-density smelting auxiliary materials and the high-density sponge cadmium raw materials, but also promote the full contact and reaction between the zinc, lead and arsenic in the precipitate and the auxiliary materials on the upper layer, thereby ensuring the efficiency of smelting and purifying the sponge cadmium raw materials.

[0055] It is worth noting that the receiving tank 320 is a downwardly sloping, flared arc-shaped tank, and the size of the receiving tank 320 is larger than the size of the precipitates of zinc, lead, and arsenic. In this way, when the shovel plate 310 rotates, the solution can flow into the receiving tank 320, thereby impacting the precipitates of zinc, lead, and arsenic, increasing the contact area between the solution and the precipitates of zinc, lead, and arsenic within the support, and improving the reaction effect of the upper auxiliary materials.

[0056] Third Embodiment

[0057] Please see Figure 4-9 The bottom end of the first bevel gear 408 is movably provided with a movable seat 414 via an annular bearing. The bottom end of the movable seat 414 is fixedly provided with a connecting rod 415. The bottom end of the connecting rod 415 is fixedly provided with a positioning seat 416. The positioning seat 416 is located below the power box 401. A threaded groove 417 is provided through the middle of the positioning seat 416. A screw 418 is provided through the inside of the threaded groove 417. The top end of the screw 418 is movably provided in the power box 401 via a bearing.

[0058] In actual use, by manually rotating the screw 418, the screw 418 and the threaded groove 417 cooperate, causing the positioning seat 416 to move downward. The positioning seat 416 drives the movable seat 414 to move through the connecting rod 415. The movable seat 414 can drive the first bevel gear 408 to move, so that the first bevel gear 408 moves away from the third bevel gear 410. This can release the drive of the power motor 411 on the rotating rod 307, so that when the power motor 411 is working, it can only drive the furnace liner 301 to rotate.

[0059] Please see Figure 1-5 The bottom of the inner wall of the furnace liner 301 is fixedly provided with a spiral-shaped stirring ring plate 313. The inner diameter of the discharge plate 306 decreases from bottom to top, and the discharge plate 306 is a spiral downward stirring plate. The furnace liner 301 drives the discharge plate 306 to rotate. The discharge plate 306 can guide the auxiliary material with lower density in the upper layer to be discharged, so as to achieve the separation and discharge of raw materials and auxiliary materials. The inner diameter of the discharge plate 306 decreases from bottom to top, so that the discharge plate 306 located on the inner side can better guide the raw material, so as to facilitate the discharge of the raw material.

[0060] After smelting, the cadmium sponge raw material and auxiliary materials are discharged separately. During the discharge process, the stirring of the raw materials and auxiliary materials is stopped first. After the raw materials and auxiliary materials stand still, the auxiliary materials, due to their lower density, float on the upper layer of the mixture. At this time, the angles of the smelting component 2 and the inner liner component 3 are adjusted to separate the upper auxiliary materials and the lower raw materials and pour them out separately. This completes the smelting and purification of the cadmium sponge. Specifically:

[0061] Please see Figure 11 Density sensors 319 are fixed at corresponding positions on the inner wall of the furnace liner 301 and the discharge plate 306. In actual use, when the materials inside the melting assembly 2 are mixed and discharge is required, the screw 418 is manually rotated to disengage the first bevel gear 408 and the third bevel gear 410. This releases the drive of the motor 411 to the rotating rod 307. At this time, the scraper plate 310 will not rotate, while the furnace liner 301 can continue to rotate. The furnace liner 301 drives the discharge plate 306 to rotate, allowing the discharge plate 306 to guide the lower-density auxiliary materials from the upper layer out, thus achieving the separation and discharge of raw materials and auxiliary materials. Specifically:

[0062] When the regulating motor 106 operates, it can drive the melting assembly 2 to adjust its angle. At this time, the liquid inside the melting assembly 2 will also tilt, causing the liquid to come into contact with the density sensor 319. The density sensor 319 continuously monitors the stratification of the liquid by detecting its concentration. When the outermost layer of liquid is discharged, the density sensor 319 comes into contact with the second layer, indicating that the first layer has been discharged. Then, the regulating motor 106 is controlled to continue operating slowly to achieve the discharge of the second layer of liquid. Here, the density sensor 319 is set up in a square... It facilitates the control of internal liquid discharge, has high controllability, and during the material discharge process, the first bevel gear 408 and the third bevel gear 410 disengage, thus releasing the drive of the motor 411 to the rotating rod 307. At this time, the shovel plate 310 will not rotate, while the furnace liner 301 can continue to rotate. The furnace liner 301 drives the discharge plate 306 to rotate, and the discharge plate 306 is spiral-shaped. This makes it easier for the material to be discharged under the rotation of the discharge plate 306. Therefore, by adjusting the angle of the melting component 2, it is easier to realize the discharge of the material, and the discharge controllability is high.

[0063] The present invention also provides a method of using a cadmium sponge smelting and purification device. The method of using the device includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: Preheat the equipment by heating the inner liner assembly 3 through the melting assembly 2;

[0065] Step 2: Raw material addition. Add the sponge cadmium raw material, as well as alkali, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, reducing pulverized coal, and charcoal powder reducing smelting auxiliary materials to the inner liner component 3, and provide power to the inner liner component 3 through the power component 4 to achieve mixing and stirring of the raw materials and auxiliary materials.

[0066] Step 3: Heating and stirring. The inner liner component 3 is continuously heated by the melting component 2, so that the cadmium sponge raw material and the melting auxiliary materials react with heat, and the raw materials and auxiliary materials are stirred during this process.

[0067] Step 4: Discharge. Separate the smelted cadmium sponge raw materials and auxiliary materials and discharge them. During the discharge process, first stop stirring the raw materials and auxiliary materials. After the raw materials and auxiliary materials have settled, the auxiliary materials will float on the top layer of the mixture due to their lower density. At this time, adjust the angle of the smelting component 2 and the inner liner component 3 to separate the auxiliary materials on the top layer and the raw materials on the bottom layer and pour them out. This completes the smelting and purification of cadmium sponge.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for smelting and purifying cadmium sponge, characterized in that: It includes a support assembly (1), a melting assembly (2), an inner liner assembly (3) and a power assembly (4). The inner liner assembly (3) is disposed inside the melting assembly (2), and the power assembly (4) is disposed at the bottom end of the melting assembly (2). The melting assembly (2), the inner liner assembly (3) and the power assembly (4) are all mounted on the support assembly (1). A worm gear (104) is installed on the support assembly (1), a worm (105) is provided on one side of the worm gear (104), and an adjusting motor (106) is assembled at one end of the worm (105). The inner liner assembly (3) includes a furnace liner (301), and a spiral-shaped stirring ring plate (313) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the inner cavity side wall of the furnace liner (301), and a spiral-shaped discharge plate (306) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the top of the furnace liner (301), and a density sensor (319) is fixed at the corresponding position of the inner side wall of the furnace liner (301) and the discharge plate (306); A fixed column (302) is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom inner wall of the furnace liner (301). A rotating rod (307) is movably inserted into the fixed column (302). A conical block (308) is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating rod (307). An extension sleeve (309) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conical block (308). A plurality of scraper plates (310) are hinged to the outer side wall of the extension sleeve (309). A limiting ring (315) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the fixed column (302). An annular air bladder (316) is movably sleeved on the limiting ring (315). An expansion air bladder (317) is integrally formed and connected to the outer side wall of the annular air bladder (316). A pusher block (318) adapted to the expansion air bladder (317) is integrally formed on the scraper plate (310). A receiving groove (320) is evenly opened on the outer side wall of the scraper plate (310).

2. The sponge cadmium smelting and purification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (1) includes a base (101), and two support frames (102) are arranged above the base (101). A support rod (103) is provided through the inner top of the support frame (102) via a bearing. The worm gear (104) is fixed to the front end of the support rod (103), and the adjusting motor (106) is fixed to the outer wall of the support frame (102).

3. The sponge cadmium smelting and purification apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The smelting assembly (2) includes a smelting furnace (201), which is fixedly disposed between two support rods (103). Multiple support rollers (202) are arranged around the bottom of the smelting furnace (201). A ring-shaped gas guide pipe (203) is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the bottom of the smelting furnace (201). Multiple flame nozzles (204) are arranged around the outer side of the gas guide pipe (203). A spiral-shaped gas guide plate (205) is fixedly disposed on the inner side wall of the smelting furnace (201), and multiple grooves (206) are opened around the inner side wall of the gas guide plate (205). A ring-shaped positioning plate (207) is fixedly disposed on the top of the smelting furnace (201), and multiple exhaust holes (208) are opened around the upper surface of the positioning plate (207).

4. The sponge cadmium smelting and purification apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The furnace liner (301) is located inside the smelting furnace (201), and the bottom end of the furnace liner (301) is in contact with the supporting roller (202). A through groove (303) is provided through the middle of the fixed column (302). A fixed seat (304) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the furnace liner (301). A square groove (305) is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the fixed seat (304). The rotating rod (307) is provided through the inside of the through groove (303). A transmission block (311) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the rotating rod (307), and the transmission block (311) is located inside the square groove (305). A hexagonal transmission groove (312) is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the transmission block (311).

5. The sponge cadmium smelting and purification apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power assembly (4) includes a power box (401), which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the smelting furnace (201). A transmission sleeve (402) is installed through the middle of the top of the power box (401) via a bearing. A bonding plate (403) is fixedly installed at the top of the transmission sleeve (402). A square block (404) adapted to a square groove (305) is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the bonding plate (403). A circular groove (405) is opened through the middle of the square block (404). An insert (406) adapted to a transmission groove (312) is installed through the inside of the circular groove (405). A transmission rod (407) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the insert (406), and the bottom of the transmission rod (407) is located inside the power box (401).

6. The sponge cadmium smelting and purification apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the transmission rod (407) is provided with a first bevel gear (408), the bottom end of the transmission sleeve (402) is fixedly provided with a second bevel gear (409), a third bevel gear (410) is provided between the first bevel gear (408) and the second bevel gear (409), a power motor (411) is provided on one side of the third bevel gear (410), and the power motor (411) is fixedly provided on the outer side wall of the power box (401).

7. The sponge cadmium smelting and purification apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: A square groove (412) is provided through the middle of the first bevel gear (408). A slide rod (413) is provided through the inside of the square groove (412). The slide rod (413) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the transmission rod (407), and the bottom end of the slide rod (413) is movably provided to the bottom inner wall of the power box (401) through a bearing. A movable seat (414) is movably provided at the bottom end of the first bevel gear (408) through a ring bearing. A connecting rod (415) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of (414), and a positioning seat (416) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the connecting rod (415). The positioning seat (416) is located below the power box (401). A threaded groove (417) is provided through the middle of the positioning seat (416). A screw (418) is provided through the inside of the threaded groove (417), and the top end of the screw (418) is movably set in the power box (401) through a bearing.

8. The sponge cadmium smelting and purification apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top end of the shovel plate (310) is hinged to the extension sleeve (309) via the hinge shaft (314). The extension sleeve (309) is located on the outside of the fixed column (302). An opening groove adapted to the push block (318) is opened on the outer wall of the extension sleeve (309). The opening groove is an arc-shaped groove with the hinge shaft (314) as the center. The push block (318) is an arc-shaped block. The inflatable airbag (317) is slidably assembled in the opening groove. The shovel plate (310) is set as an inclined fan blade structure.

9. The sponge cadmium smelting and purification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the discharge plate (306) decreases from bottom to top, and the discharge plate (306) is a downward spiral stirring plate, while the stirring ring plate (313) is an upward spiral stirring plate.

10. A method of using a cadmium sponge smelting and purification apparatus, wherein the method of use is implemented using the cadmium sponge smelting and purification apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The method of use includes the following steps: Step 1: Preheat the equipment by heating the inner liner assembly (3) through the melting assembly (2); Step 2: Adding raw materials. Add the sponge cadmium raw material and alkali, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, reducing pulverized coal, and charcoal powder reducing smelting auxiliary materials to the inner liner component (3), and provide power to the inner liner component (3) through the power component (4) to achieve mixing and stirring of the raw materials and auxiliary materials. Step 3: Heating and stirring. The inner liner assembly (3) is continuously heated by the melting assembly (2) so that the cadmium sponge raw material and the melting auxiliary material react with heat. During this process, the raw material and auxiliary material are stirred. Step 4: Discharge. Separate the smelted sponge cadmium raw materials and auxiliary materials and discharge them. During the discharge process, first stop stirring the raw materials and auxiliary materials. After the raw materials and auxiliary materials stand still, the auxiliary materials float on the upper layer of the mixture due to their lower density. At this time, adjust the angle of the smelting component (2) and the inner liner component (3) to separate the upper auxiliary materials and the lower raw materials and pour them out. The smelting and purification of sponge cadmium can then be completed.

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