An active variable flow regulating system for river regulation

Abstract

The application provides an active variable flow adjusting system for river regulation, which comprises a central column, a flow adjusting vane system and a flow adjusting vane lifting and rotating system. The flow adjusting vanes on the flow adjusting vane system rotate along the longitudinal symmetry axis of the central column with a changeable angle and change the position height along the height direction of the central column. The water and sediment conditions under various water flow conditions of the river are satisfied by changing the angle and height of the adjusting vanes. The water flow and sediment are disturbed by the new internal boundary condition formed by the flow adjusting system by using the power of the water flow, so that the river reconstruction process is caused, the river regime is adjusted, and the riverbed evolution trend is changed. The application causes the river reconstruction process by using the new boundary condition, the river regime is adjusted, the riverbed evolution trend is changed, the river flow state is improved, the sediment is smoothly transported, the main river channel with stable shape and size is formed, and the comprehensive treatment effect is fundamentally achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of river regulation, in particular to an active variable flow regulating system for river regulation, which adjusts the flow lines and flow patterns of river flow by setting flow regulating facilities in the river and relying on and utilizing the characteristics and energy of the river flow itself, so as to comprehensively manage a large range of rivers at a very small investment and actively and effectively solve various comprehensive problems of the river. BACKGROUND

[0002] The silt management and river regulation of rivers are not only a difficult problem for thousands of years, but also a major problem that cannot be perfectly solved by water conservancy workers all over the world at present.

[0003] Due to the diversification of influencing factors such as geographical location, climate, flow, topography, sediment concentration, sediment characteristics, river bank, vegetation, boundary conditions and the like of the river, the river water potential is complex, the flow pattern is variable, the uncertainty of river evolution is generated, and the characteristics of the river are different. The two banks of the river have been the place for human reproduction since ancient times, and the influence of the river on human activities is very far-reaching. The river has a water conservancy side and a water disaster side. In order to change water disaster into benefit, prevent flood and disaster, and dredge the river, engineering measures such as building flood control dikes, revetments, dikes, and mat piles are taken to protect the two banks of the river; anti-erosion technologies suitable for different soil structures of river banks are developed, such as vertical strip scour reduction of protection wall, river gate slope, and riprap.

[0004] The existing technologies mainly aim to reduce the near-shore flow rate and the near-bed flow rate. After the flow rate is reduced, the sediment is quickly deposited in the near-shore area, forming a slow-flowing water power condition for beach siltation, thereby protecting the river bank. These technologies are mostly passive protection along the coast, and have many problems such as huge investment, short-term effect, unstable effect, effect failure, forced repeated construction, and the like. They cannot fundamentally solve the problem from the source, which is the fundamental reason why humans have been constantly managing rivers for thousands of years but have not been able to completely solve the problem. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an active variable flow regulating system for adjusting the flow direction and flow pattern of water flow and silt on the beach or main channel of the river according to the river management needs, utilizing the characteristics and energy of the water flow itself, and actively and effectively solving the problems of deep cutting of the main channel of the river, river siltation, winding of the river, and river flood disaster.

[0006] Technical solution: To solve the above technical problems, the application provides an active variable flow regulating system for river regulation, which comprises a center column, a flow regulating vane system and a flow regulating vane lifting and rotating system. The flow regulating vanes on the flow regulating vane system rotate around the longitudinal symmetry axis of the center column to change the angle, and change the position height along the height direction of the center column. By changing the angle and height of the regulating vane, the water and sediment conditions under various water flow conditions of the river can be met. The new internal boundary conditions formed in the river by using the power of the water flow itself can disturb the water flow and sediment, cause the river to rework the bed, and adjust the river regime and change the river bed evolution trend.

[0007] The center column is a reinforced concrete column, the foundation extends into the riverbed, the foundation extending into the riverbed adopts a cast-in-place pile process, a cast-in-place pile is used above the riverbed surface, a clamping strip is arranged on the steel pipe of the cast-in-place pile, the clamping strip is used to position the positioning strip on the flow regulating vane frame column, the clamping strips are uniformly arranged along the outer periphery of the steel pipe at an adjacent central angle of 5°, the bottom end of the clamping strip is higher than the riverbed, and the height of the clamping strip is higher than the height of the flow regulating vane. The upper opening of the clamping strip is in a horn shape, and when the flow regulating vane falls, the positioning strip on the flow regulating vane frame column enters the groove between the clamping strips.

[0008] The flow regulating vane system comprises a frame column, a frame beam, a ring beam, a truss beam, a steel strand inclined reinforcing cable, a steel strand horizontal reinforcing cable and a truss beam surface water baffle.

[0009] The frame column is arranged perpendicularly, adopts a channel steel or an I-shaped steel, is connected with the truss beam to form a fixed end structure on the outer side, and is provided with a positioning strip on the inner side. The positioning strip is welded with the frame column or is processed into an integral whole with the frame column. The positioning strip is in a trapezoidal shape and slides up and down along the groove between the two clamping strips of the center column when the flow regulating vane is lifted and lowered. In the working process of the flow regulating vane, one side of the positioning strip is in contact with the clamping strip on the center column, and the clamping strip supports the positioning strip. The head of the positioning strip is provided with a small protrusion for positioning between the outer layer steel plate of the center column and reducing the friction between the outer layer steel plate of the center column and the positioning strip during the lifting and lowering of the flow regulating vane. The frame beam is arranged on the top of the frame column, and the frame beam and the frame column form an integral force structure. A connecting mechanism of the motor and the screw rod lifter is arranged on the frame beam. The multi-layer ring beam is arranged in the height range of the flow regulating vane, and the ring beam, the frame column and the frame beam form an integral force structure. The truss beam is the main structure of the flow regulating vane, adopts a light steel three-dimensional space multi-link structure, and is fixedly connected with the outer side of the frame column. The multiple steel strand inclined reinforcing cables symmetrically arranged are connected with different positions of the near, middle and far parts of the frame beam outer side and the flow regulating vane truss beam. The multiple steel strand horizontal reinforcing cables symmetrically arranged are connected with different positions of the near, middle and far parts of the frame beam side and the flow regulating vane truss beam. The water baffle is arranged on the surface of the flow regulating vane truss beam, is fixed with the truss beam, and adopts a hole type, a horizontal lattice type or a vertical lattice type.

[0010] Invention principle: the flow regulating vane on the flow regulating vane system can rotate a variable angle along the longitudinal symmetry axis of the center column, and can also change the position height along the height direction of the center column, by adjusting the angle and height of the vane, the water and sediment conditions under various water flow conditions of the river channel are fully met, the water flow and sediment are disturbed under the new internal boundary conditions formed by the flow regulating system, the river reconstruction process is caused, the river regime is adjusted, the riverbed evolution trend is changed, and the comprehensive treatment effect is achieved.

[0011] Beneficial effects: the disturbance water flow facility which can be actively changed with the change of river water and sediment conditions changes the river water and sediment movement boundary conditions, adjusts the river water flow line and flow state, the change of water flow speed and direction is accompanied by the change of sediment transport state (static or movement) and movement trajectory, the new boundary conditions cause the river reconstruction process, the river regime is adjusted, the riverbed evolution trend is changed, the river channel develops to maintain the sediment balance state, the river flow state is improved, the sediment is smoothly transported, the main river channel with stable shape and size is formed, and the comprehensive treatment effect can be fundamentally achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a system plan view;

[0013] Figure 2 is a system section view (falling state);

[0014] Figure 3 is a system section view (lifting state);

[0015] Figure 4 is a system plan view;

[0016] Figure 5 is a system elevation view (falling state);

[0017] Figure 6 is a system elevation view (lifting state);

[0018] Figure 7 is a side elevation view;

[0019] Figure 8 is a 1-1 section view (falling state);

[0020] Figure 9 is a 1-1 section view (lifting state);

[0021] Figure 10 is a center column clamping strip unfolded elevation view

[0022] Figure 11is the water flow concentration effect of the flow adjusting system of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0023] Figure 12 is the water flow dispersion effect of the flow adjusting slice system of embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0024] Figure 13 is Figure 2 a three-dimensional schematic view;

[0025] Figure 14 is the effect that the right bank mainstream of embodiment 3 of the present application is guided to the middle of the river channel by the flow adjusting slice;

[0026] Figure 15 is Figure 4 a three-dimensional schematic view;

[0027] Figure 16 is the effect that the mainstream in the middle of the river channel of embodiment 3 of the present application is guided to one bank of the river channel by the flow adjusting slice;

[0028] Figure 17 is Figure 6 a three-dimensional schematic view;

[0029] Figure 18 is the brush groove test effect of the swinging water flow of embodiment 4 of the present application;

[0030] Figure 19 is the change of the elevation of the original river channel and the reconstructed river channel in embodiment 4 of the present application;

[0031] Figure 20 is the effect of the flow adjusting slice for guiding and scouring the accumulated body;

[0032] Figure 21 is an observation point map;

[0033] Figure 22 is the scouring situation of the accumulated body of a typical section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The active variable flow adjusting system for river regulation of the present application is shown in Figures 1-10 , which comprises a center column 1, a flow adjusting slice system 2 and a flow adjusting slice lifting and rotating system 3.

[0035] The center column 1 is composed of a cast-in-place pile 1-1 below the riverbed surface, a cast-in-situ column 1-2 above the riverbed surface and a cast-in-situ column surface clamping strip 1-3.

[0036] 1-1 Cast-in-place pile below the riverbed surface:

[0037] The center column is a reinforced concrete column, the foundation extends into the riverbed, the foundation extending into the riverbed adopts a cast-in-place pile process, and the pile body material is reinforced concrete. The depth of the center column extending into the riverbed meets the stability requirements. The cast-in-place pile is a common and mature construction method in engineering.

[0038] 1-2 Cast-in-situ pile above riverbed surface:

[0039] Cast-in-situ pile is used above riverbed surface. Steel pipe is used as formwork of cast-in-situ pile, and the cast-in-situ pile is a reinforced concrete structure, whose reinforcement is integrated with the reinforcement of the lower bored pile.

[0040] 1-3 Positioning strip on surface of cast-in-situ pile

[0041] Positioning strip is arranged on the steel pipe of cast-in-situ pile, and the positioning strip is used to position the positioning strip on the frame column of flow-regulating slurry piece.

[0042] The positioning strips are evenly arranged along the outer periphery of the steel pipe with an adjacent central angle of 5°. The positioning strips are welded together with the steel pipe or are processed as a whole with the steel pipe. The bottom end of the positioning strip is higher than the riverbed, and the height of the positioning strip is higher than the height of the flow-regulating slurry piece.

[0043] The upper opening of the positioning strip is in a trumpet shape, which facilitates the positioning strip on the frame column of flow-regulating slurry piece to smoothly enter the groove between the positioning strips when the flow-regulating slurry piece falls.

[0044] The flow-regulating slurry piece system 2 is composed of a frame column 2-1, a frame beam 2-2, a ring beam 2-3, a truss beam 2-4, a steel strand inclined reinforcing cable 2-5, a steel strand horizontal reinforcing cable 2-6, and a truss beam surface water baffle 2-7.

[0045] 2-1 Frame column:

[0046] The frame column is composed of a 1# frame column and a 2# frame column. The material is channel steel or I-beam.

[0047] The outer side of the 1# frame column is connected with the truss beam to form a fixed-end structure, and the inner side of the 1# frame column is provided with a positioning strip 2-1-1, which is welded together with the frame column or is processed as a whole with the frame column. The positioning strip is in a trapezoidal shape, and its size is slightly smaller than the size of the groove between the two positioning strips on the center column. When the flow-regulating slurry piece is lifted, the positioning strip slides up and down along the groove between the two positioning strips on the center column. When the flow-regulating slurry piece is working, one side of the positioning strip is in contact with the positioning strip on the center column, and the positioning strip on the center column supports the positioning strip.

[0048] The head of the positioning strip is provided with a small protrusion, which is used for positioning between the outer layer steel plate of the center column and reducing the friction between the outer layer steel plate of the center column during the lifting of the flow-regulating slurry piece.

[0049] The positioning strip can be continuous or segmented according to the force requirement.

[0050] The 2# frame column is arranged perpendicularly to the 1# frame column, and the inner side of the 2# frame column is provided with a positioning strip, which is the same as the positioning strip on the inner side of the 1# frame column.

[0051] 2-2 Frame beam:

[0052] 1# frame column top is provided with 1# frame beam, and the frame beam and the frame column form an integral structure.

[0053] 2# frame column top is provided with 2# frame beam, and the frame beam and the frame column form an integral structure.

[0054] 1# frame beam and 2# frame beam form an integral structure.

[0055] The frame beam and the frame column form an integral force structure.

[0056] The frame beam is provided with a connecting mechanism with the motor and the screw rod elevator.

[0057] 2-3 circle beam:

[0058] Within the height range of the flow regulating vane, four layers of circular circle beams are arranged, each layer of the circle beam is connected with two 1# frame columns and two 2# frame columns, and is welded to form an integral structure, and the circle beam, the frame column and the frame beam form an integral force structure together, which meets the stability of the integral force of the flow regulating vane under various operating conditions.

[0059] 2-4 truss beam:

[0060] The main structure of the flow regulating vane is a truss beam, and the truss beam adopts a light steel three-dimensional space multi-link structure to reduce the self weight and meet the force requirement of the flow regulating vane.

[0061] The truss beam is connected with the outer side of the 1# frame column as a fixed end.

[0062] 2-5 steel strand inclined strengthening cable:

[0063] In order to strengthen the vertical force structure of the truss beam of the flow regulating vane, a plurality of steel strand cables are arranged to connect different positions of the near, middle and far of the outer side of the 1# frame beam and the truss beam of the flow regulating vane, so as to strengthen the vertical stability of the truss beam of the flow regulating vane. The steel strand inclined strengthening cable is arranged symmetrically left and right.

[0064] 2-6 steel strand horizontal strengthening cable:

[0065] In order to strengthen the horizontal force structure of the truss beam of the flow regulating vane, a plurality of steel strand cables are arranged to connect different positions of the near, middle and far of the side of the 2# frame beam and the truss beam of the flow regulating vane, so as to strengthen the horizontal stability of the truss beam of the flow regulating vane. The steel strand horizontal strengthening cable is arranged symmetrically left and right.

[0066] 2-7 surface baffle of the truss beam of the flow regulating vane:

[0067] The surface baffle is arranged on the surface of the truss beam of the flow regulating vane, and the surface baffle is fixed with the truss beam.

[0068] The water baffle can adopt various shapes such as hole type, horizontal grid type and vertical grid type, which can not only disturb water flow but also reduce water pressure on the water baffle.

[0069] The various water baffles can be used alone or in combination.

[0070] The flow regulating blade lifting and rotating system 3 is a screw lifting and rotating mechanism arranged at the center of the frame beam 1# and 2#, which lifts and rotates the flow regulating blade system. The screw lifting and rotating mechanism is composed of a screw 3-1, a screw lifting gear 3-2, a gear disc upper fixer 3-3 and a motor 3-4.

[0071] 3-1 Screw:

[0072] The screw is located at the center of the column top, and the screw is tightly connected with the center column through a pre-embedded part.

[0073] The screw is engaged with the lifting gear center through threads.

[0074] 3-2 Screw lifting gear disc:

[0075] The screw lifting gear disc is arranged on the upper part of the frame beam.

[0076] The gear disc center is engaged with the screw through threads.

[0077] The gear disc is a combined structure of inner and outer teeth.

[0078] When the flow regulating blade system is lifted, the inner and outer teeth of the gear disc are fixed together and rotate synchronously, and through the rotation of the gear along the screw, the gear disc with the flow regulating blade system rises and falls along the screw.

[0079] When the flow regulating blade system rotates, the flow regulating blade system is first lifted, so that the lower end of the positioning strip on the flow regulating blade system frame column is higher than the upper end of the center column surface clamping strip. At this time, the gear disc center is fixed with the screw, and does not rotate along the screw, the fixer of the inner and outer teeth of the gear disc is opened, and the outer teeth of the gear disc can rotate along the inner teeth. Through the rotation of the motor gear, the outer teeth of the gear disc rotate along the inner teeth, thereby driving the flow regulating blade system to rotate around the center column. The positioning device is arranged on the gear disc, and the motor stops running every 5° of the rotation of the gear disc, so that the flow regulating blade system can rotate along the center column in units of 5°, and after rotating to the required angle, the gear disc center is fixed with the screw, and the inner and outer teeth of the gear disc are fixed together. At this time, the gear disc can rotate along the screw, and the flow regulating blade system is lowered to the required height.

[0080] 3-3 Gear disc upper fixer:

[0081] The upper gear plate fixer fixes the gear plate vertically, and applies an internal downward force to the gear plate when the flow regulating vane system is rising.

[0082] The outer end of the upper gear plate fixer is fixed with the frame beam, and the upper gear plate fixer is connected with the gear plate by a circular slide rail. When the gear plate rotates, the gear plate slide rail rotates and slides along the upper gear plate fixer slide rail.

[0083] The lower part of the gear plate is also connected with the frame beam by a slide rail.

[0084] 3-4 motor:

[0085] The motor provides power for the operation of the entire system, and the motor gear engages with the gear plate gear.

[0086] The motor is fixed on the frame beam.

[0087] The motor can rotate forward and reverse.

[0088] 4, solar power storage system provides power for the entire system, composed of solar panels, batteries, cables, and transformers.

[0089] (1) Solar panels

[0090] The solar panels are fixed on the top of the screw rod.

[0091] (2) Battery

[0092] The battery is fixed on the upper part of the frame beam.

[0093] (3) Cable

[0094] The solar panels and the battery are connected by cables, and the cables are inserted in the spring, so that the cable lines can freely stretch and shrink with the rise and fall of the flow regulating vane system.

[0095] The battery and the transformer, and the transformer and the motor are connected by cables.

[0096] (4) Transformer

[0097] The transformer steps up the low voltage of the battery and supplies it to the motor.

[0098] The transformer is fixed on the upper part of the frame beam.

[0099] 5, video monitoring system is used for real-time acquisition of water flow, sediment and other river flow live and system operation live.

[0100] The video monitoring system uses a 360° high-definition camera, which is fixed on the top of the screw rod and under the solar panel.

[0101] The video monitoring system is powered by the battery.

[0102] 6. The remote communication control system is used to implement the transmission of video and remote control of the system.

[0103] The remote communication system can know the real-time operation of the system through real-time video transmission, and determine whether to adjust the operation of the system according to the real-time operation of the system.

[0104] The remote control system can remotely control the operation of the system in real time through real-time communication control.

[0105] For example:

[0106] Through the video, the flow condition is observed, and the height of the flow regulating slice system needs to be adjusted. Then the remote control system can issue instructions to raise or lower the height of the flow regulating slice system.

[0107] Through the video, the flow condition is observed, and the angle of the flow regulating slice system needs to be adjusted. Then the remote control system can issue instructions to adjust the angle of the flow regulating slice system.

[0108] The remote communication control system can adjust the operation condition of the system in real time according to the actual situation on site through remote video and remote control, so as to adapt to various operating conditions in real time. These information can be stored, which can also provide basic data for later analysis and research.

[0109] Example 1 (concentrating flow)

[0110] When the main flow of a certain section of river is too dispersed and needs to be concentrated, the flow regulating system can be set in the river, and the flow regulating slice is arranged in an "internal eight" shape with the flow direction. Initially, the angle between the flow regulating slice and the main flow can be increased to increase the range of action of the flow regulating slice. When the dispersion degree of the flow is improved, the angle between the flow regulating slice and the main flow can be gradually reduced to finally complete the task of returning to the main flow.

[0111] For example, when the inflow of a river is Q = 0.933 L / s, the flow velocity is v = 0.123 m / s, and the Froude number Fr = 0.34, the flow enters the whole section of the inlet. In order to concentrate the flow to the middle of the river, the flow regulating system is arranged at the beginning and middle of the river, and the flow regulating slice is arranged in an internal "eight" shape. The tracer (white substance in the figure) is thrown on the original river (without the flow regulating system) and the reconstructed river (with the flow regulating system), respectively. The movement trajectory of the tracer can be observed to judge the flow regulating effect of the flow regulating system, as shown in Figure 11 .

[0112] In the original river channel a, the tracer diffuses and transports along the longitudinal and transverse directions and disperses in the whole river channel; while in the reconstructed river channel b, the tracer mainly concentrates in the middle of the river channel and transports along the longitudinal direction, because when the water flow passes through the flow regulating vane, the water flow is guided to flow in the middle and the main flow obviously concentrates in the middle of the river channel, after a certain distance, the flow regulating effect of the first stage flow regulating system is weakened, the main flow has a tendency to disperse to the two banks in the process of flowing downward, and then the water flow passes through the second stage flow regulating system located in the middle of the river channel and is again concentrated and flows downward under the flow regulating effect of the vane, in the process of flowing downward, the main flow slightly diffuses along the transverse direction but still remains in the middle range.

[0113] Example 2 (dispersion of water flow)

[0114] When the main flow of the river channel is too concentrated, the problem of overcutting of the main channel of the river channel with large flow rate occurs, at this time, the main flow needs to be dispersed when the river channel is regulated, the flow regulating system can be arranged in the river channel to arrange the flow regulating vanes in an outward eight character shape with the water flow, the flow regulating vane system is used to disturb the water flow to gradually disperse the water flow to the two banks or one bank. The flow regulating vane is arranged at a small angle with the main flow at the initial stage of regulation, when the main flow is dispersed to some extent, the angle between the flow regulating vane and the main flow is gradually increased to further disperse the main flow.

[0115] For example, when the incoming flow rate of the river channel Q =0.933 L / s, the flow rate v =0.123 m / s, and the Froude number Fr=0.34, the water flow enters in the middle of the inlet section, in order to disperse the main flow, the flow regulating system is arranged on the river channel, the flow regulating vanes are arranged in an outward eight character shape, the tracers (white substances in the figure) are respectively thrown on the original river channel and the reconstructed river channel (the flow regulating system is added) to observe the movement track of the tracers to judge the flow regulating effect of the flow regulating system, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Figure 12 and Figure 13

[0116] As can be seen from the original river channel a, the tracer mainly concentrates in the middle of the river channel and transports along the longitudinal direction in the process of flowing downward. In the reconstructed river channel b with small angle of the flow regulating system, the main flow is dispersed under the effect of the flow regulating system, the tracer obviously deviates from the central axis and transports along the two banks downward, while in the reconstructed river channel c with large angle of the flow regulating system, the larger the angle between the flow regulating vane and the main flow, the more obvious the dispersion of the main flow, and the dispersion angle is positively correlated with the angle between the flow regulating vane and the main flow.

[0117] ​When the main channel of a river is scoured deeply due to the over - concentration of the main flow, the flow velocity magnitude and direction can also be changed by setting flow - regulating blades in the river channel. For example, during the flood season, flow - regulating blades are set in the main channel, and the height of the flow - regulating blades is adjusted to reduce the flow velocity of the riverbed water flow and the scouring of the main channel. During the dry season, the height and angle of the flow - regulating blades are changed to deflect the high - speed water flow with a small sediment content on the surface layer away from the main channel, promoting the sedimentation of sediment in the water flow with a relatively large sediment content in the lower layer and repairing the scouring depth of the main channel.

[0118] Example 3 (Changing the direction of the main flow or the flow - guiding effect)

[0119] When the main flow of a river channel deflects towards one bank or the main flow concentrates in the middle of the river channel, resulting in deep scouring of the riverbed by the main flow, it is necessary to direct part of the water flow towards the middle of the river channel or a certain bank of the river channel. Especially when there is a formed siltation body in the middle of the river channel or a certain bank of the river channel, affecting the water flow conveyance of the entire river channel, the flow streamline of the river channel water flow can be changed by setting a flow - regulating system in the river channel. When the heights and angles of the blades of the flow - regulating system are different, the scouring or siltation of the river channel can be reduced to different degrees.

[0120] 3.1 Directing the main flow on the right bank towards the middle of the river channel

[0121] For example, when the incoming flow of the river channel Q = 0.933 L / s, the flow velocity v = 0.123 m / s, and the Froude number Fr = 0.34, the main flow of the river channel enters along the right bank. To avoid the concentrated scouring of the right bank by the water flow, when rectifying the river channel, it is necessary to direct the water flow towards the middle of the river channel, which can be achieved by arranging a multi - level flow - regulating system on the river channel. First, a single flow - regulating system is set at the entrance, and then the flow - regulating systems are arranged in a "V" - shaped or a "zigzag" - shaped pattern (left - right staggered "V" - shaped pattern) in the upper and middle reaches of the river channel respectively. As shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15 different included - angle schemes (the included angle between the flow - regulating blade and the main - flow direction) are given, and the flow - guiding effect of the flow - regulating system is observed through the experiment of releasing tracer substances on the original river channel (without installing the flow - regulating system) and the modified river channel (with installing the flow - regulating system) respectively.

[0122] 3.2 Directing the main flow in the middle of the river channel towards one bank

[0123] For example, when the incoming flow of the river channel Q = 0.933 L / s, the flow velocity v = 0.123 m / s, and the Froude number Fr = 0.34, the water flow enters in the middle of the inlet cross - section. To direct the main flow in the middle towards the left bank of the river channel, the flow - regulating systems are arranged on the river channel according to different schemes, as shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17 The flow - guiding effect of the flow - regulating system is observed through the experiment of releasing tracer substances on the original river channel (without installing the flow - regulating system) and the modified river channel (with installing the flow - regulating system) respectively.

[0124] As can be seen from the figures, the tracer in the original river channel a is concentrated in the middle of the river channel and transported downstream, while in the reconstructed river channels b-d, the main flow is dispersed from the middle to one bank under the action of the flow regulating system. The arrangement scheme of the flow regulating system is different, and the movement of the tracer is different. For example, in the reconstructed river channel b, the tracer is mainly concentrated in the left bank of the river channel and transported longitudinally. This is because in the reconstructed river channel b, when the water flow passes through the slurry sheet, it is mainly constrained in the width direction of the slurry sheet, and the main flow gradually converges to the left bank. After the flow regulating effect of the three-stage flow regulating system, the main flow gradually reaches the left bank and flows downstream. As can be seen from the reconstructed river channels c and d, each stage of the flow regulating system has a certain influence length, and the flow regulating effect becomes more obvious with the increase of the number of stages.

[0125] From the above examples, it can be inferred that in a meandering river channel, in order to prevent the scouring of the water flow on the concave bank, the flow regulating system can be used to divert the water flow away from the concave bank upstream and at the concave bank, thereby solving the problem of scouring on the concave bank. At the same time, in order to prevent the accumulation of sediment on the convex bank, the flow regulating system is used to divert the water flow towards the convex bank upstream and at the convex bank, thereby flushing the accumulated sediment on the convex bank downstream, thereby solving the problem of sediment accumulation on the convex bank.

[0126] Example 4 (Change the flow pattern of the river channel and increase the bed forming flow rate.)

[0127] For a meandering river channel, in the flood season and dry season, the river channel will be silted and raised, forming a shaped silt body, which will disperse the water flow and make the river channel become wide and shallow. By arranging the flow regulating system in the river channel and adjusting the height and arrangement angle of the flow regulating slurry sheet, the flow rate of the river bed surface is increased, the kinetic energy of the water flow is utilized, and the main river channel is formed. The volume of the silt body is reduced, the flood discharge channel is dredged, and the safety of flood discharge is ensured. After the formation of the main river channel, the water flow flows along the main river channel in medium and small water.

[0128] 4.1 Interleaved arrangement of flow regulating slurry sheets to form oscillating water flow

[0129] By interleaving the flow regulating system in the river channel and adjusting the height and arrangement angle of the flow regulating slurry sheet, the main flow of the river channel forms a periodic reciprocating oscillating water flow. The reciprocating oscillating water flow will gradually collapse the silt body, and the silt after the collapse will be transported with the flow, and the silt body will gradually decrease. It is much easier to transport the silt by oscillation and collapse than to directly flush the silt from the river bed.

[0130] For example, when the inflow of the river channel is Q = 1.46 L / s, the flow rate is v = 0.13 m / s, and the Froude number Fr = 0.29, the tracer test and scour test are carried out on the original river channel (without flow regulating system) and the reconstructed river channel (with flow regulating system). The flow regulating system in the reconstructed river channel is interleaved. As can be seen from the tracer test, the water flow forms an oscillating water flow under the action of the flow regulating slurry sheet (flow regulating effect Figure 18). After 6 hours of scour, comparing the scouring situation of the reconstructed river channel b with the scouring situation of the original river channel c, it can be seen that the scouring in the reconstructed river channel forms an "S" type river channel, while the river bed in the original river channel does not have a clear river channel, and the sandbars are distributed along the river, and the sediment is easy to accumulate and not easy to be transported downstream. In order to quantitatively compare the scouring and silt reduction of the river channel before and after the reconstruction, the elevation change along the river bed is given along the longitudinal axis of the river channel before and after the reconstruction, as shown in Figure 19 a, three cross sections are taken along the longitudinal axis of the river channel, which are s / L =0.225, 0.36, 0.493 ( s is the distance from the cross section to the outlet of the river channel, L is the length of the river channel), and the river bed elevation of each cross section in the original river channel and the reconstructed river channel is compared (assuming the original river bed elevation is 0), as shown in Figure 19 b, c, d.

[0131] As can be seen from Figure 19 a, the scouring and silt reduction of the reconstructed river channel relative to the original river channel is obvious. Calculated from the initial elevation surface, the scouring area of the reconstructed river channel is increased by 62.89% compared with the original river channel. As can be seen from Figure 19 b, c, d, the scouring depth of the reconstructed river channel relative to the original river channel is more obvious. The maximum scouring depth of the reconstructed river channel at s / L=0.225, 0.36, 0.493 is increased by 135.2%, 218.8%, 228.3% respectively compared with the original river channel. In addition to forming a clear river channel, the silt height in the rest of the reconstructed river channel does not change much. It is not difficult to see that the reconstructed river channel regulates the river bed scouring through the constraint of the flow regulation system. The water flow is concentrated near the flow regulation vane, the flow velocity is increased, the main channel is cut, the silt body is gradually collapsed, and the silt after the collapse is transported with the flow, forming an "S" type scouring and siltation channel on the river bed, and bringing the silt to the downstream. Compared with the sandbars along the river in the original river channel, the reconstructed river channel with the flow regulation system has the effect of stabilizing the river bed and promoting scouring and siltation.

[0132] 4.2 Flow regulation system for guiding and removing silt

[0133] By arranging the flow regulation system in the river channel, adjusting the arrangement position, the height and the arrangement angle of the flow regulation vane, changing the main flow streamline, the silt in the river bank beach is removed, the silt amount is reduced, the width of the river channel section is increased, the flood control capacity is improved, and the flood control safety is ensured.

[0134] As shown in Figure 20 a, a silt body with a size of 30cmx10cmx1cm (lengthxwidthxheight) is arranged on one bank of the river channel. The flow rate of the river channel is Q =1.274L / s, and the flow velocity is v=0.1569 m / s, Froude number Fr=0.416, full-section inflow at the inlet, comparing the changes in sediment deposition after the same scouring time in the original channel (without a flow regulation system) and the modified channel (with a flow regulation system). The modified channel was equipped with a three-stage flow regulation system (e.g., ...). Figure 20 (As shown in d). Typical cross-sections 1-4 were selected along the length of the sediment mass. Measurement points were set at 2cm intervals along the width of each typical cross-section, for a total of 6 measurement points per typical cross-section. The locations of the observation points are shown in Figure d. Figure 21 As shown. An initial reading was taken using a probe before the experiment began, and the probe readings at each measuring point were taken after the experiment. The changes in the thickness of the sediment were then calculated.

[0135] The experimental process is as follows Figure 20 As shown in a, b, and c. The elevations of various measuring points on the silt deposits of the original and modified river channels are shown in Tables 1 and 2. The elevations of the silt deposits at the measuring points of typical cross-sections 2 and 3 are plotted as follows. Figure 22 As shown in Tables 1 and 2. Figure 22 It can be seen that 75% of the observation points showed a decrease in surface elevation of more than 15% compared to the original river channel, and 35% showed a decrease of more than 30%, with the maximum decrease reaching 93%. This indicates that after the same flushing time, the silt in the modified river channel with the flow regulation system is easier to remove.

[0136] Comparative analysis revealed that the modified river channel exhibited significantly better scouring and sedimentation effects than the original channel. After the same water release time, the sedimentation area of ​​the original channel after scouring was s² = 368.55 cm². 2 After the river channel was modified and eroded, the area of ​​the silt deposited was s3 = 306.74 cm³. 2 Compared to the original river channel, the area of ​​the covered area decreased by 16.7% after the river channel was modified.

[0137] Table 1. Elevation of sediment at typical cross-sections of the original river channel (cm)

[0138]

[0139] Table 2. Elevation of silt deposits (cm) at measurement points of typical cross-sections of the modified river channel.

[0140]

[0141] In addition to the above embodiments, the flow-regulating blade system can adjust the height and angle of the blades according to the flow pattern, flow size, sediment conditions, water depth, and other factors, based on the specific task at hand. The flow-regulating blade systems arranged along the river section can also be coordinated and adjusted to achieve the best overall flow regulation effect.

Claims

1. An active variable flow regulation system for river regulation, comprising a central column, a flow regulation vane system and a flow regulation vane lifting and rotating system; the flow regulation vanes on the flow regulation vane system rotate at a variable angle along the longitudinal symmetry axis of the central column and change position height along the height direction of the central column; the water and sediment conditions under various water flow conditions of the river are met by changing the angle and height of the flow regulation vanes; the water flow and sediment are disturbed by using the power of the water flow itself under the new internal boundary conditions formed by the flow regulation system, causing the river to rework the bed and adjust the river regime and change the riverbed evolution trend. Characterized in that: the flow regulation vane lifting and rotating system is a screw lifting and rotating mechanism arranged at the center of the frame beam, which comprises a screw, a screw lifting machine gear disc, a gear disc upper fixer and an electric motor; the screw is located at the center of the top of the central column and is fastened and connected to the central column through a pre-embedded part, and the screw is engaged with the center of the lifting machine gear disc through threads; the screw lifting machine gear disc is arranged on the upper part of the frame beam, the center of the gear disc is engaged with the screw through threads, and the gear disc has a combined structure of inner and outer teeth; when the flow regulation vane system is lifted, the inner and outer teeth of the gear disc are fixed together and rotate synchronously, the gear disc carries the flow regulation vane system upward and downward along the screw through the rotation of the gear along the screw; when the flow regulation vane system is rotated, the flow regulation vane system is first lifted, the lower end of the positioning strip on the flow regulation vane system frame column is higher than the upper end of the clamping strip on the surface of the central column, at this time, the center of the gear disc is fixed with the screw and does not rotate along the screw, the fixer of the inner and outer teeth of the gear disc is opened, and the outer teeth of the gear disc can rotate along the inner teeth; the outer teeth of the gear disc rotate along the inner teeth through the rotation of the gear of the electric motor, thereby driving the flow regulation vane system to rotate around the central column; a positioner is arranged on the gear disc, the electric motor stops running every time the gear disc rotates 5°, thereby the flow regulation vane system can rotate around the central column by 5° units until it rotates to the required angle, then the fixing of the center of the gear disc and the screw is released, and the inner and outer teeth of the gear disc are fixed together, at this time, the gear disc can rotate along the screw, thereby lowering the flow regulation vane system to the required height; the gear disc upper fixer fixes the gear disc in the vertical direction, and applies a downward internal force to the gear disc when the flow regulation vane system is lifted; the outer end of the gear disc upper fixer is fixed with the frame beam, the gear disc upper fixer is connected with the gear disc through a circular sliding rail, and the gear disc sliding rail rotates and slides along the gear disc upper fixer sliding rail when the gear disc rotates; a sliding rail is also arranged between the lower part of the gear disc and the frame beam; the electric motor provides power for the operation of the whole system, the gear of the electric motor is engaged with the gear of the gear disc, the electric motor is fixed on the frame beam, and the electric motor can rotate forward and backward.

2. The active variable flow regulating system for river training according to claim 1, wherein: The central column is a reinforced concrete column, the foundation of which extends into the riverbed, the outer wall of the central column is uniformly arranged with clamping strips at a 5° adjacent central angle, the clamping strips are used to position the positioning strips on the flow regulation vane frame column, the height of the clamping strips is higher than the height of the flow regulation vanes, and the upper opening of the clamping strips is in a trumpet shape; when the flow regulation vanes fall, the positioning strips on the flow regulation vane frame column enter the slots between the clamping strips.

3. The active variable flow regulating system for river training according to claim 2, wherein: The flow regulating blade system comprises frame columns, frame beams, ring beams, truss beams, steel strand oblique reinforcing cables, steel strand horizontal reinforcing cables and water baffles; The frame columns are arranged perpendicularly to each other, and the outer sides of the frame columns are connected with the truss beams to form a fixed end structure; the inner sides of the frame columns are fixedly provided with positioning strips in the shape of trapezoids; when the flow regulating blade is lifted or lowered, the positioning strips slide up and down along the grooves between the two clamping strips of the center column; when the flow regulating blade is working, one side of the positioning strip is in contact with the clamping strip on the center column, and the clamping strip supports the positioning strip; the head of the positioning strip is provided with a small protrusion for positioning between the outer layer steel plate of the center column and reducing the friction between the positioning strip and the outer layer steel plate of the center column during the lifting and lowering of the flow regulating blade; The frame beams are arranged on the top of the frame columns, and the frame beams and the frame columns form an integral force structure; the frame beams are provided with connecting mechanisms matched with the electric motors and the screw elevators; The multi-layer ring beams are arranged within the height range of the flow regulating blade, and the ring beams, the frame columns and the frame beams form an integral force structure together; The truss beams are the main structure of the flow regulating blade, and adopt a light steel three-dimensional space multi-link structure; the outer sides of the truss beams are fixedly connected with the frame columns; The symmetrically arranged multiple steel strand oblique reinforcing cables are connected with the near, middle and far different positions of the frame beams and the truss beams; the symmetrically arranged multiple steel strand horizontal reinforcing cables are connected with the near, middle and far different positions of the frame beam sides and the truss beams; The water baffles are fixedly arranged on the surface layer of the truss beams, and adopt the hole type, horizontal lattice type or vertical lattice type.

4. The active variable flow regulating system for river training according to claim 1, wherein: The system further comprises a solar power generation and energy storage system, a video monitoring system and a remote communication control system.

5. The active variable flow regulating system for river training according to claim 1, wherein: When the main flow of the river channel is too concentrated and the main channel is cut too deep due to large flow, the flow regulating blades are arranged in an outward eight-shaped manner with the water flow, the flow regulating blade system is used to disturb the water flow, and the water flow is gradually dispersed to the two banks or one bank; in the early stage of regulation, the flow regulating blades are at a small angle with the main flow, and when the main flow is dispersed to some extent, the angle between the flow regulating blades and the main flow is gradually increased to further disperse the main flow.

6. The active variable flow regulating system for river training according to claim 1, wherein: When the main channel is cut too deep due to the too concentrated main flow of the river channel, the flow regulating blades are arranged in the main channel during the flood period, the height of the flow regulating blades is adjusted to reduce the flow velocity of the river bed and the cutting of the main channel; during the dry season, the height and angle of the flow regulating blades are changed to pick up the high-speed water flow with small surface sediment content from the main channel, promote the sediment deposition of the water flow with large sediment content in the lower layer, and repair the cutting depth of the main channel.

7. The active variable flow regulating system for river training according to claim 1, wherein: For the wandering river with much sediment, the river channel will be silted and raised in the flat water season and dry season of the flood season to form a shaped silted body; by arranging the flow regulating system in the river channel, adjusting the height and arrangement angle of the flow regulating blades, increasing the flow velocity of the river bed surface, using the kinetic energy of the water flow itself, the main channel is formed, the volume of the silted body is reduced, the flood passage is dredged, and the safety of flood discharge is ensured.

8. The active variable flow regulating system for river training according to claim 1, wherein: In the winding river channel, the water flow is picked up from the concave bank by the flow regulating system at the upstream of the concave bank and the concave bank to solve the problem of concave bank erosion; the water flow is picked up to the convex bank by the flow regulating system at the upstream of the convex bank and the convex bank to wash the silted sediment of the convex bank to the downstream to solve the problem of convex bank siltation.

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