A gantry laser cutting nozzle replacement device

Abstract

A gantry-type laser cutting nozzle replacement device includes a laser cutting head slidably mounted on a gantry, a connecting base, a turntable, a connecting device, a positioning device, three laser cutting nozzles of different apertures, and a stage. A connecting base is provided below the laser cutting head, and the connecting base has a threaded boss with a laser beam passage hole at its center, which is axially connected to the cutting nozzle. A turntable is provided below the connecting base, and the three laser cutting nozzles of different apertures are distributed at an angle of 120° around the center of the turntable. This invention enables the alternating use of laser cutting nozzles of different apertures, reducing the time required to replace laser cutting nozzles and meeting the needs of gantry-type laser cutting and conventional laser cutting devices for quickly replacing laser cutting nozzles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a gantry type laser cutting nozzle replacement device. Background Art

[0002] Laser cutting technology uses lasers to cut flat surfaces. Due to its high precision, high efficiency, and low pollution, it is widely used in workpiece cutting. During the laser cutting process, the laser head nozzle assists in the rapid ejection of gas, prevents slag and other debris from rebounding upward, and protects the focusing lens. It also controls the gas diffusion area, which in turn affects the cutting process quality. The nozzle aperture should be selected based on the thickness of the material being cut. Choosing and changing the laser cutting nozzle aperture appropriately will facilitate production and processing.

[0003] In the prior art, laser cutting nozzles are mainly replaced by manual disassembly, and devices with automatic replacement of laser cutting nozzles cannot be directly applied to large-area plate laser cutting equipment.

[0004] Published on May 28, 2019, with publication number CN109807480A, the invention is titled "A Device for Automatically Replacing Laser Cutting Head Nozzles." The device uses a servo motor to drive a gear transmission, allowing the nozzle holder to rotate, enabling nozzle installation and removal, improving nozzle replacement efficiency.

[0005] The invention, published on June 14, 2019, is titled "Disassembly and Assembly Device," with publication number CN109877473A. The device utilizes a base plate, a rotation mechanism, an angle detection mechanism, and a torque detection mechanism to facilitate the replacement of nozzles of various specifications, improving efficiency and accuracy.

[0006] The invention, published on April 13, 2021, is titled "A Three-Dimensional Multi-Axis Laser Cutting and Welding Device," with publication number CN112643224A. The device provides a three-dimensional multi-axis laser cutting and welding device that can directly switch laser cutting heads on the same device to complete different parts processing, with a high degree of automation.

[0007] The disclosed laser cutting nozzle replacement devices are all complex in structure, require a high degree of automation integration, and are relatively expensive. They cannot meet the needs of ordinary laser cutting devices for rapid laser cutting nozzle replacement. They are only applicable to cutting small-area plates and do not take into account the application of gantry laser cutting. Currently, there is no device that can be directly applied to gantry laser cutting for rapid manual replacement of laser cutting nozzles. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention provides a gantry-type laser cutting nozzle replacement device.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a gantry-type laser cutting nozzle replacement device, comprising a laser cutting head (1), a connecting base (2), a turntable (3), a connecting device, a positioning device, a plurality of laser cutting nozzles and a loading platform (26);

[0010] The laser cutting head (1) emits laser light and is slidably connected to the gantry, and a loading platform (26) is provided below the laser cutting head (1); the lower end of the laser cutting head (1) is connected to a relatively rotatable turntable (3) via a connecting base (2), and a plurality of laser cutting nozzles (4) with different apertures are provided on the bottom surface of the turntable (3); and the turntable (3) is rotated to switch between different laser cutting nozzles (4);

[0011] The connecting base (2) is in a circular plate-shaped structure, and a threaded connecting boss (6) is provided on the upper surface of the connecting base (2); the threaded connecting boss (6) is located at a position deviated from the center of the circle on the connecting base (2), and a laser beam passing hole (7) is provided at the center of the threaded connecting boss (6); a connecting threaded hole is provided at the lower end of the laser cutting head (1), the threaded connecting boss (6) is threadedly connected to the connecting threaded hole, and the laser beam passing hole (7) is coaxially arranged with the laser cutting nozzle connecting threaded hole (21);

[0012] The lower surface of the connecting base (2) is provided with a positioning ring platform (14), a gas overflow prevention boss (23), a threaded hole boss (9) and a positioning device mounting threaded hole (24); the inner hole of the gas overflow prevention boss (23) is coaxially connected to the laser cutting nozzle connection threaded hole (21) to prevent the auxiliary cutting gas from overflowing; a positioning ring platform (14) is provided at the edge of the lower surface of the connecting base (2), and the positioning ring platform (14) is located in the ring groove (25); the threaded hole boss (9) is located in the connecting base (2), a threaded hole is provided at the center of the threaded hole boss (9), and the connecting device enables the connecting base (2) and the turntable (3) to form a relatively rotatable threaded connection; the center point of the positioning device mounting threaded hole (24), the center point of the laser beam passing hole (7) and the center point of the threaded hole boss (9) are located on the same diameter of the center of the threaded hole boss (9), and the positioning device is mounted on the threaded hole (24) to mount the positioning device; the positioning device is used to locate the relative position of the turntable (3) and the connecting base (2);

[0013] The turntable (3) is provided with a plurality of laser cutting nozzle connection threaded holes (21) and a connection device mounting hole (22), the connection device mounting hole (22) is located at the center of the turntable (3), and a connection device is provided in the connection device mounting hole (22); the connection device comprises a second screw (15), a bearing (19) and a second washer (20), the bearing (19) is arranged in the connection device mounting hole (22), the second screw (15) passes through the second washer (20), the second washer (20) cooperates with the second screw (15) and presses on the inner ring of the bearing (19), so that the second screw (15) and the bearing (19) can rotate relative to each other, and the outer ring of the bearing (19) presses on the hole shoulder of the connection device mounting hole (22), so that the connection device and the turntable (3) can rotate relative to each other;

[0014] The plurality of laser cutting nozzle connection threaded holes (21) and the laser beam passing hole (7) are located on the same circular line, and the laser cutting nozzle connection threaded holes (21) are connected to the laser cutting nozzles (4); the outer peripheral surface of the turntable (3) is provided with a rough cut surface (5), and the rough cut surface (5) is convenient for the operator to rotate manually; by rotating the turntable (3), laser cutting nozzles (4) with different apertures are switched to meet the needs of cutting plates with varying thicknesses.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning device comprises a first screw (10), a spring sheet (12) and a first washer (13); the spring sheet (12) is provided with a through hole, the first screw (10) passes through the through hole and forms a threaded connection with the positioning device mounting threaded hole (24); a spring sheet boss (11) is provided on the spring sheet (12); a positioning groove (16) is provided on the turntable (3), and the positioning groove (16) cooperates with the spring sheet boss (11) to position the laser cutting nozzle (4) on the turntable (3), so that the laser cutting nozzle (4) is coaxial with the laser beam through hole (7); when the laser cutting nozzle (4) of the required aperture is rotated to the working station, the spring sheet boss (11) cooperates with the positioning groove (16) to complete the positioning of the laser cutting nozzle (4).

[0016] Furthermore, a ring groove (25) is provided on the upper surface of the turntable (3) at a position corresponding to the positioning ring platform (14), and a plurality of balls (18) are provided in the ring groove (25); the ring groove (25) is filled with lubricating oil, and the positioning ring platform (14) is attached to the balls (18) to form rolling, so that the turntable (3) can rotate.

[0017] Furthermore, the number of the laser cutting nozzles (4) is three, the three laser cutting nozzles (4) have different apertures, and the laser cutting nozzles (4) are threadedly connected to the three laser cutting nozzle connecting threaded holes (21).

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it can meet the needs of gantry laser cutting and ordinary laser cutting devices for quickly replacing cutting nozzle devices, has a simple and reliable structure, low cost, simple operation and maintenance, and can realize the alternating use of multiple laser cutting nozzles without disassembling the laser cutting nozzle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the connection base portion of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a front view of the connecting base portion of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the upper part of the turntable of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the lower part of the turntable of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Laser cutting head; 2. Connecting base; 3. Turntable; 4. Laser cutting nozzle; 5. Rough section; 6. Threaded connection boss; 7. Laser beam passing hole; 8. Sealing ring; 9. Threaded hole boss; 10. First screw; 11. Spring plate boss; 12. Spring plate; 13. First washer; 14. Positioning ring; 15. Second screw; 16. Positioning groove; 17. Reserved blind hole; 18. Ball; 19. Bearing; 20. Second washer; 21. Laser cutting nozzle connecting threaded hole; 22. Connecting device mounting hole; 23. Anti-gas overflow boss; 24. Positioning device mounting threaded hole; 25. Ring groove; 26. Worktable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific contexts.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Refer to the attached Figure 1 A gantry-type laser cutting nozzle replacement device includes a laser cutting head 1, a connecting base 2, a turntable 3, a connecting device, a positioning device, multiple laser cutting nozzles and a stage 26; a protective gas device is coaxially arranged inside the laser cutting head 1, and the protective gas output by the protective gas device is nitrogen or air, and the air pressure range is 0.5MPa~10Mpa.

[0030] The laser cutting head 1 emits laser light and is slidably connected to the gantry. A stage 26 is provided below the laser cutting head 1. The lower end of the laser cutting head 1 is connected to a relatively rotatable turntable 3 via a connecting base 2. Three laser cutting nozzles 4 with different apertures are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the turntable 3 at a 120° circle. The turntable 3 is rotated to switch between different laser cutting nozzles 4.

[0031] The connecting base 2 is a circular plate-shaped structure, and a threaded connection boss 6 is provided on the upper surface of the connecting base 2; the threaded connection boss 6 is located at a position deviated from the center of the circle on the connecting base 2, and a laser beam passage hole 7 is provided at the center of the threaded connection boss 6; a connecting threaded hole is provided at the lower end of the laser cutting head 1, and the threaded connection boss 6 is threadedly connected to the connecting threaded hole, and the laser beam passage hole 7 is coaxially arranged with the laser cutting nozzle connecting threaded hole 21;

[0032] The lower surface of the connecting base 2 is provided with a positioning ring 14, a gas overflow prevention boss 23, a threaded hole boss 9 and a positioning device mounting threaded hole 24; the inner hole of the gas overflow prevention boss 23 is coaxially connected with the laser cutting nozzle connection threaded hole 21 to prevent the auxiliary cutting gas from overflowing; the outer layer of the gas overflow prevention boss 23 is covered with a sealing ring 8 to prevent the shielding gas output by the shielding gas device from overflowing; a positioning ring 14 is provided at the edge of the lower surface of the connecting base 2; the threaded hole boss 9 is located at the center of the connecting base 2, and a threaded hole is provided at the center of the threaded hole boss 9. The connecting device enables the connecting base 2 and the turntable 3 to form a relatively rotatable threaded connection; the center point of the positioning device mounting threaded hole 24, the center point of the laser beam passing hole 7 and the center point of the threaded hole boss 9 are located on the same diameter of the center of the threaded hole boss 9, and the positioning device mounting threaded hole 24 is installed to install the positioning device; the positioning device is used to locate the relative position of the turntable 3 and the connecting base 2;

[0033] The turntable 3 is provided with three threaded holes 21 for connecting the laser cutting nozzle and a connecting device mounting hole 22. The connecting device mounting hole 22 is located at the center of the turntable 3. A connecting device is provided in the connecting device mounting hole 22. The connecting device includes a second screw 15, a bearing 19 and a second washer 20. The bearing 19 is arranged in the connecting device mounting hole 22. The second screw 15 passes through the second washer 20. The second washer 20 cooperates with the second screw 15 and presses on the inner ring of the bearing 19 to achieve relative rotation between the second screw 15 and the bearing 19. The outer ring of the bearing 19 presses on the hole shoulder of the connecting device mounting hole 22 to achieve relative rotation between the connecting device and the turntable 3.

[0034] The multiple laser cutting nozzle connecting threaded holes 21 and the laser beam passing hole 7 are located on the same circular line, and the laser cutting nozzle connecting threaded hole 21 is connected to the laser cutting nozzle 4; the outer peripheral surface of the turntable 3 is provided with a rough cut surface 5, and the rough cut surface 5 is convenient for the operator to manually rotate; by rotating the turntable 3, the laser cutting nozzles 4 with different apertures can be switched to meet the needs of cutting plates with varying thicknesses.

[0035] The positioning device includes a first screw 10, a spring sheet 12 and a first washer 13. The spring sheet 12 is provided with a through hole. The first screw 10 passes through the through hole to form a threaded connection with the positioning device mounting threaded hole 24. A spring sheet boss 11 is provided on the spring sheet 12; a positioning groove 16 is provided on the turntable 3, and the positioning groove 16 cooperates with the spring sheet boss 11 to position the laser cutting nozzle 4 on the turntable 3 so that the laser cutting nozzle 4 is coaxial with the laser beam through hole 7; when the laser cutting nozzle 4 with the required aperture is rotated to the working station, the spring sheet boss 11 cooperates with the positioning groove 16 to complete the positioning of the laser cutting nozzle 4.

[0036] A ring groove 25 is provided on the upper surface of the turntable 3 at a position corresponding to the positioning ring stage 14 , and a plurality of balls 18 are provided in the ring groove 25 ; the ring groove 25 is filled with lubricating oil, and the positioning ring stage 14 is attached to the balls 18 to roll, so that the turntable 3 rotates.

[0037] The method of use of the present invention is:

[0038] (1) Connect the laser cutting nozzle replacement device to the laser head.

[0039] (2) Select appropriate laser process parameters, turn on the power, and start the laser to cut the workpiece

[0040] (3) If the thickness of the processed plate changes, turn off the laser, rotate the turntable to the nozzle with the appropriate aperture, and turn on the laser to cut the workpiece.

[0041] (5) Turn off the laser and power supply, and the workpiece cutting is completed.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] Refer to the attached Figure 1 This example is a conventional plate cutting example (cutting flat plates). In this example, the plate thickness varies from 2mm to 8mm. First, place the plate on the stage 26, turn on the power, manually rotate the turntable 3 to the Φ1mm aperture laser cutting nozzle, select appropriate laser process parameters, turn on the laser, and introduce coaxial auxiliary gas to cut the area with a plate thickness of less than 3mm. Turn off the laser, rotate the turntable 3 to the Φ1.5mm aperture laser cutting nozzle, similarly select appropriate laser process parameters, turn on the laser, and introduce coaxial auxiliary gas to cut the area with a plate thickness of 3mm-8mm. Turn off the laser and power, and the workpiece cutting is completed.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] Refer to the attached Figure 1 The device of this example is the same as that of Example 2. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the maximum thickness of the workpiece is 20 mm, and the turntable 3 is rotated to the Φ2 mm aperture laser cutting nozzle, at which time the cutting of the plate with a thickness of more than 10 mm can be completed.

[0046] The present invention allows the operator to manually rotate a dial to change laser cutting nozzles of different apertures, adapting to changes in the thickness of the cutting plate. This allows for fast and efficient laser cutting of both thin plates (under 3mm) and thick plates (3-10mm, 10mm and above). This improves cutting quality, reduces cracking in the heat-affected zone, and reduces dross. This also reduces nozzle replacement time and allows for the interchangeable use of multiple laser cutting nozzles. The present invention offers flexible adjustability, ease of operation, a wide processing thickness range, and the ability to meet the needs of both gantry-type laser cutting and conventional laser cutting systems for rapid nozzle replacement.

[0047] The contents described in the embodiments of this specification are merely an enumeration of the implementation forms of the inventive concept. The scope of protection of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms described in the embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention also extends to equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A gantry-type laser cutting nozzle replacement device, characterized in that: It comprises a laser cutting head (1), a connecting base (2), a turntable (3), a connecting device, a positioning device, a plurality of laser cutting nozzles and a stage (26); The laser cutting head (1) emits laser light and is slidably connected to the gantry, and a loading platform (26) is provided below the laser cutting head (1); the lower end of the laser cutting head (1) is connected to a relatively rotatable turntable (3) via a connecting base (2), and a plurality of laser cutting nozzles (4) with different apertures are provided on the bottom surface of the turntable (3); and the turntable (3) is rotated to switch between different laser cutting nozzles (4); The connecting base (2) is in a circular plate-shaped structure, and a threaded connecting boss (6) is provided on the upper surface of the connecting base (2); the threaded connecting boss (6) is located at a position deviated from the center of the circle on the connecting base (2), and a laser beam passing hole (7) is provided at the center of the threaded connecting boss (6); a connecting threaded hole is provided at the lower end of the laser cutting head (1), the threaded connecting boss (6) is threadedly connected to the connecting threaded hole, and the laser beam passing hole (7) is coaxially arranged with the laser cutting nozzle connecting threaded hole (21); The lower surface of the connecting base (2) is provided with a positioning ring platform (14), a gas overflow prevention boss (23), a threaded hole boss (9) and a positioning device mounting threaded hole (24); the inner hole of the gas overflow prevention boss (23) is coaxially connected to the laser cutting nozzle connection threaded hole (21) to prevent the auxiliary cutting gas from overflowing; a positioning ring platform (14) is provided at the edge of the lower surface of the connecting base (2), and the positioning ring platform (14) is located in the ring groove (25); the threaded hole boss (9) is located in the connecting base (2), a threaded hole is provided at the center of the threaded hole boss (9), and the connecting device enables the connecting base (2) and the turntable (3) to form a relatively rotatable threaded connection; the center point of the positioning device mounting threaded hole (24), the center point of the laser beam passing hole (7) and the center point of the threaded hole boss (9) are located on the same diameter of the center of the threaded hole boss (9), and the positioning device is mounted on the threaded hole (24) to mount the positioning device; the positioning device is used to locate the relative position of the turntable (3) and the connecting base (2); The turntable (3) is provided with a plurality of laser cutting nozzle connection threaded holes (21) and a connection device mounting hole (22), the connection device mounting hole (22) is located at the center of the turntable (3), and a connection device is provided in the connection device mounting hole (22); the connection device comprises a second screw (15), a bearing (19) and a second washer (20), the bearing (19) is arranged in the connection device mounting hole (22), the second screw (15) passes through the second washer (20), the second washer (20) cooperates with the second screw (15) and presses on the inner ring of the bearing (19), so that the second screw (15) and the bearing (19) can rotate relative to each other, and the outer ring of the bearing (19) presses on the hole shoulder of the connection device mounting hole (22), so that the connection device and the turntable (3) can rotate relative to each other; The plurality of laser cutting nozzle connection threaded holes (21) and the laser beam passing hole (7) are located on the same circular line, and the laser cutting nozzle connection threaded holes (21) are connected to the laser cutting nozzles (4); the outer peripheral surface of the turntable (3) is provided with a rough cut surface (5), and the rough cut surface (5) is convenient for the operator to rotate manually; by rotating the turntable (3), laser cutting nozzles (4) with different apertures are switched to meet the needs of cutting plates with varying thicknesses.

2. The gantry-type laser cutting nozzle replacement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning device comprises a first screw (10), a spring sheet (12) and a first washer (13); the spring sheet (12) is provided with a through hole, the first screw (10) passes through the through hole and forms a threaded connection with the positioning device mounting threaded hole (24); a spring sheet boss (11) is provided on the spring sheet (12); a positioning groove (16) is provided on the turntable (3), and the positioning groove (16) cooperates with the spring sheet boss (11) to position the laser cutting nozzle (4) on the turntable (3), so that the laser cutting nozzle (4) is coaxial with the laser beam through hole (7); when the laser cutting nozzle (4) with the required aperture is rotated to the working station, the spring sheet boss (11) cooperates with the positioning groove (16) to complete the positioning of the laser cutting nozzle (4).

3. The gantry-type laser cutting nozzle replacement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove (25) is provided on the upper surface of the turntable (3) at a position corresponding to the positioning ring platform (14), and a plurality of balls (18) are arranged in the annular groove (25); the annular groove (25) is filled with lubricating oil, and the positioning ring platform (14) is attached to the balls (18) to form rolling, so that the turntable (3) can rotate.

4. The gantry-type laser cutting nozzle replacement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the laser cutting nozzles (4) is three, the three laser cutting nozzles (4) have different apertures, and the laser cutting nozzles (4) are threadedly connected to the three laser cutting nozzle connecting threaded holes (21).

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