A polishing spraying device applicable to the inner surface of a complex special-shaped inner cavity structure

Abstract

The present invention provides a polishing jet device applicable to the inner surface of a complex-shaped inner cavity structure, which comprises a jet assembly, a feeding assembly and a deflection assembly; the jet assembly includes a high-pressure water inlet joint, a mixing cavity, a water nozzle and a focusing tube which are coaxially arranged and connected in sequence; the feeding assembly and the jet assembly are located in the same plane; the deflection assembly is coaxially connected with the jet assembly, the deflection assembly is provided with a deflection nozzle, and a deflection flow channel is arranged inside the deflection nozzle; the deflection angle of the deflection flow channel is 90°-180°; the deflection flow channel adopts an array structure. The polishing jet device of the present invention can be applicable to complex-shaped inner cavity structures with a small flow channel diameter, a large length-diameter ratio and a large change in the curvature of the inner cavity surface. During use, by replacing the deflection nozzle, jets with different angles and different diameters can be ejected, achieving the effects of reducing the required working space, improving the polishing efficiency and quality of abrasive water jets, and reducing the wear of the inner wall of the flow channel inside the nozzle device by abrasives.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of micro abrasive water jet polishing, and particularly to a polishing jet device applicable to the inner surface of a complex special-shaped inner cavity structure. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology, the manufacturing industry is continuously developing towards miniaturization, precision, and intelligence. As a result, the requirements for the surface quality of materials are getting higher and higher. The abrasive water jet polishing technology gradually occupies a place due to its advantages such as good polished surface quality, high processing flexibility, no thermal damage and thermal influence, and environmental friendliness, and has great advantages in improving the surface quality of cavity structure parts. In order to make the abrasive water jet better applicable to the increasingly complex processing environment, abrasive water jet nozzle devices of different types and structures are often required. The ordinary nozzle device is limited by the movable space range in the cavity and cannot perform surface treatment on cavity structure parts with a large length-diameter ratio, large curvature change of the inner cavity, and complex inner cavity surface.

[0003] At present, most of the nozzle devices used in the abrasive water jet polishing technology are of the post-mixing type, and the focusing tube adopts a straight tube structure. This kind of structure has the following disadvantages: 1. For cavity parts with a large curvature change in the inner cavity, the nozzle needs to be actively deflected by a certain angle at the end of the actuator, and the required movement space is large. 2. Using a straight tube structure, the cross-sectional area of the jet ejected is small, and the polishing efficiency is not high. 3. The wear of the post-mixing type nozzle is mainly concentrated on the inner wall and the outlet of the focusing tube, and the replacement cost of the focusing tube is high. Therefore, in view of the problems of low efficiency, high cost, and large required movement space in the abrasive water jet polishing technology, a polishing jet device applicable to the inner surface of a complex special-shaped inner cavity structure is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a polishing jet device applicable to the inner surface of a complex special-shaped inner cavity structure. This jet device can be applicable to complex special-shaped inner cavity structures with a small flow channel diameter, a large length-diameter ratio, and a large curvature change of the inner cavity surface. By replacing the deflection nozzle, jets with different angles and different diameters can be ejected, achieving the effects of reducing the required working space, improving the polishing efficiency and quality of the abrasive water jet, and reducing the wear of the abrasive particles on the inner wall of the flow channel inside the nozzle device.

[0005] Specifically, the present invention provides a polishing jet device applicable to the inner surface of a complex special-shaped inner cavity structure, which includes a jet assembly, a feeding assembly, and a deflection assembly;

[0006] The injection assembly includes a high-pressure water inlet joint, a mixing cavity, a water nozzle, and a focusing tube that are coaxially arranged and connected in sequence. The high-pressure water inlet joint is connected to the first end of the mixing cavity and sealed with an O-ring at the connection. The second end of the mixing cavity is connected to the focusing tube, and an abrasive inlet is provided on the side of the mixing cavity;

[0007] The feeding assembly and the injection assembly are located in the same plane. The feeding assembly includes an abrasive delivery pipe, which is connected to the abrasive inlet and sealed with an O-ring at the abrasive inlet connection;

[0008] The deflection assembly is coaxially connected to the injection assembly. The deflection assembly is provided with a deflection nozzle. The deflection assembly is connected to the end of the focusing tube. A deflection flow channel is provided inside the nozzle outlet of the deflection nozzle; the deflection angle of the deflection flow channel is 90° to 180°;

[0009] The injection flow channel of the deflection flow channel adopts an array structure, where the elements of the array are holes or semi-circular rectangular grooves. The array composed of multiple holes is a circumferential array or a rectangular array; the semi-circular rectangular groove includes a first semi-circular rectangular groove and a second semi-circular rectangular groove. The array composed of multiple semi-circular rectangular grooves is an equal array or a gradient array;

[0010] The deflection angle is determined by the following method:

[0011] S1. Calculate the injection velocity at the nozzle outlet section: The pressure potential energy of the high-pressure water before the nozzle sprays is equal to the kinetic potential energy of the water jet spraying out, which is expressed as:

[0012]

[0013] In the formula, the left side of the equal sign represents the pressure potential energy before the nozzle sprays. Among them, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, P represents the pressure of the high-pressure water, v1 represents the flow velocity before spraying, h1 represents the height of the jet inlet and outlet position, and ρ1 represents the water flow density before spraying; the right side of the equal sign represents the kinetic potential energy of the water jet spraying out. Among them, P0 represents the atmospheric pressure, v2 represents the water jet spraying velocity, h2 represents the height of the jet spraying position, and ρ0 represents the water flow density of the jet spraying out; under high-pressure conditions, P >> P0, v2 >> v1, and h1 ≈ h2; introducing the jet resistance coefficient μ related to the water pressure f , the injection velocity V j at the nozzle outlet section is calculated by the formula:

[0014]

[0015] S2. Determine the outlet flow rate of a single flow channel on different nozzle outlet sections: The calculation formula is as follows:

[0016] When the constituent elements of the array are holes, the calculation formula is: Q1 = (D1 / 2) 2 ·π·V j1 = S1·V j1 ;

[0017] When the constituent elements of the array are slits, the calculation formula is: Q2 = [(D2 / 2) 2 ·π + lD]·V j2 = S2·V j2 ;

[0018] S3. Determine the total outlet flow rate Q of the nozzle flow channel cross-section according to the outlet flow rate of a single flow channel of the nozzle calculated in step S2 总 , and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0019] When the constituent elements of the array are holes, the calculation formula is: Q 总 = N·Q1

[0020] When the constituent elements of the array are semi-circular rectangular grooves, the calculation formula is: Q 总 = N·Q2

[0021] Among them, V j1 , V j2 respectively represent the jet velocity at the outlet cross-section of the nozzle of the array hole type and the jet velocity at the outlet cross-section of the nozzle of the array semi-circular rectangular groove type; Q1, Q2, Q 总 respectively represent the outlet flow rate of a single cross-section flow channel of the nozzle of the array hole type, the outlet flow rate of a single cross-section flow channel of the nozzle of the array semi-circular rectangular groove type, and the total outlet flow rate of the nozzle flow channel cross-section; D1 and D2 respectively represent the diameter of the hole flow channel and the arc diameter of the semi-circular rectangular groove flow channel; S1 and S2 respectively represent the outlet cross-section area of the hole flow channel and the outlet cross-section area of the semi-circular rectangular groove flow channel; l represents the center distance of the semi-circular rectangular groove flow channel cross-section; N represents the number of flow channels. And the number of flow channels is determined by numerical simulation;

[0022] S4. Construct a wear model for the jet outlet, and determine the deflection angle with the lowest wear amount E as the goal. The wear model for the jet outlet is shown in the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, E is the wear amount, S is the total cross-sectional area of the flow channel; α is the deflection angle; Q 总 is the total outlet flow rate of the nozzle flow channel cross-section.

[0025] Preferably, the cross-section of the deflection flow channel is circular, rectangular, square or polygonal.

[0026] Preferably, the deflection nozzle is machined based on a hexagonal prism, and the jet outlet, that is, the outlet of the deflection flow channel, is evenly distributed on any surface of the hexagonal prism or evenly distributed on different prism surfaces.

[0027] Preferably, the high-pressure water inlet joint is connected to one end of the mixing cavity by internal threads; the other end of the mixing cavity is connected to the focusing tube by external threads.

[0028] Preferably, the deflection assembly is connected to the end of the focusing tube by internal threads, and the two are relatively stationary during movement.

[0029] Preferably, the diameter of the hole is 0.2 mm, the semi-circular diameter of the first semi-circular rectangular groove is 0.15 * 0.6 mm, and the semi-circular diameter of the second semi-circular rectangular groove is 0.2 * 0.6 mm.

[0030] Preferably, the equal array composed of multiple semi-circular rectangular grooves includes multiple first semi-circular rectangular grooves or multiple second semi-circular rectangular grooves, and the gradient array composed of multiple semi-circular rectangular grooves includes more than one first semi-circular rectangular groove and more than one second semi-circular rectangular groove.

[0031] Preferably, the number of the holes is 3 holes, 5 holes, 6 holes or 9 holes.

[0032] Preferably, the total number of the first semi-circular rectangular grooves and the second semi-circular rectangular grooves is 2, 3, 5 or 7.

[0033] Preferably, the relationship between the cross-sectional area S of the flow channel and the deflection angle α can also be expressed as:

[0034]

[0035] where C is a constant;

[0036] f(α) represents the abrasive particle impact angle function:

[0037] f(α) = [(sinα) 0.8 (1 + 1.8(1 - sinα)) 1.3

[0038] In the formula, α is the deflection angle of the flow channel.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0040] (1) The present invention provides a polishing injection device applicable to the inner surface of a complex special-shaped inner cavity structure. The injection device can be applicable to a complex special-shaped inner cavity structure with a small flow channel diameter, a large length-diameter ratio, and a large change in the curvature of the inner cavity surface, ensuring the polishing effect. When in use, by replacing the deflection nozzle, jets with different angles and different diameters can be ejected, achieving the effects of reducing the required working space, improving the polishing efficiency and quality of the abrasive water jet, and reducing the wear of the abrasive particles on the inner wall of the flow channel inside the nozzle device.

[0041] ​(2) When the present invention is in use, the injection flow channels are arranged in an array structure, and their constituent units can be set as different elements, and the quantity can also be changed according to needs. By increasing the number of basic flow channels in the array, the flow rate of the jet ejected at each moment is increased, that is, the polishing efficiency of the nozzle device is increased, making the polished surface smoother and more polished; and because the high-pressure abrasive jet and the focusing tube are in long-term friction and are prone to damage, when the components of the injection device of the present invention are worn, only the deflection nozzle needs to be replaced, which is simple and convenient and saves costs.

[0042] (3) The deflection angle of the deflection flow channel of the present invention can be set according to the required injection speed with the goal of minimizing the wear amount. The arrangement mode of the injection flow channels of the deflection flow channel can be set as an array structure, and different cross-sectional array forms and the number of injection flow channels can be selected according to different injection requirements, so as to maximize the injection efficiency and improve the polishing efficiency as much as possible on the basis of ensuring the polishing accuracy. Description of the Drawings

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the polishing injection device applicable to the inner surface of a complex-shaped inner cavity structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 is of the present invention Figure 1 schematic cross-sectional structural diagram in the main viewing direction of the device in;

[0045] Figures 3a - 3d is of the present invention Figure 1 schematic cross-sectional view in the main viewing direction of the device structure diagram of the present invention at different deflection angles of the deflection nozzle; among them, Figures 3a - 3d are respectively the main cross-sectional views with deflections of 90°, 120°, 135°, and 150°;

[0046] Figures 4a - 4e is the distribution diagram of the outlet structures of different array semi-circular rectangular grooves of the injection flow channels of the deflection nozzle in Fig. 3 of the present invention; among them, Figure 4a is the equal-array 3 semi-circular rectangular groove structure, Figure 4b is the equal-array 5 semi-circular rectangular groove structure; Figure 4c is the gradient-array 3 semi-circular rectangular groove structure, Figure 4d is the gradient-array 5 semi-circular rectangular groove structure; Figure 4e is the equal-array 2 semi-circular rectangular groove structure;

[0047] Figures 5a - 5e is the distribution diagram of the outlet structures of different array holes of the injection flow channels of the deflection nozzle in Fig. 3 of the present invention; among them Figure 5a is the circumferential-array 5-hole structure, Figure 5b is the circumferential-array 6-hole structure, Figure 5c is the rectangular-array 6-hole structure, Figure 5d is the rectangular-array 9-hole structure; Figure 5eIt is a rectangular array 3-hole structure;

[0048] Figures 6a - 6c These are the numerical simulation results of the outlet of the slit channel type of the present invention. Among them, Figure 6a are the simulation results of a 2-slit array, Figure 6b are the simulation results of an equal 3-slit array, Figure 6c are the simulation results of a gradient 3-slit array;

[0049] Figures 7a - 7d These are the numerical simulation results of the outlet of the hole channel type of the present invention. Among them Figure 7a is a 3-hole array, Figure 7b is a 5-hole array, Figure 7c is a 7-hole array, Figure 7d is a 6-hole array.

[0050] The descriptions of some reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:

[0051] 1 - injection component, 2 - feeding component, 7 - deflection component, 11 - high-pressure water inlet joint, 12 - high-pressure water inlet, 21 - mixing cavity, 22 - mixing chamber, 23 - contraction cavity, 3 - water nozzle, 4 - abrasive delivery pipe, 5 - locking nut, 6 - focusing tube, 71 - deflection nozzle, 72 - abrasive water jet outlet. Specific embodiments

[0052] Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0053] Specifically, the present invention provides a polishing injection device applicable to the inner surface of a complex-shaped inner cavity structure, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown. The present invention provides an injection device capable of efficiently and precisely polishing the inner surface of a complex-shaped inner cavity structure. It includes an injection component 1, a feeding component 2, and a deflection component 7. The injection component 1 includes a high-pressure water inlet joint 11, a mixing cavity 21, a water nozzle 3, and a focusing tube 6 that are coaxially arranged and connected in sequence. The high-pressure water inlet joint 11 is connected to the first end of the mixing cavity 21 and is sealed with an O-ring at the connection. The second end of the mixing cavity 21 is connected to the focusing tube 6, and an abrasive inlet is provided on the side of the mixing cavity 21.

[0054] Among them, the lower end of the high-pressure water inlet joint 11 is threadedly connected to the upper part of the hollow groove of the mixing cavity 21. The water nozzle 3 is nested and fitted with the high-pressure water inlet joint 11 and the mixing cavity 21, and is fixed by the acting force between the two parts after being tightened by threads. The high-pressure water inlet joint 11 is connected to the high-pressure water inlet 12. The mixing cavity 21 includes a mixing chamber 22 and a contraction chamber 23. The mixing cavity 21 is provided with a threaded through hole on the side wall of the mixing chamber 22. The lower end of the abrasive delivery pipe 4 is threadedly connected to the mixing cavity 21. The upper end of the focusing pipe 6 is installed at the lower end of the mixing cavity 21 and is threadedly connected and there is an O-ring on the mating end face. The focusing pipe 6 and the mixing cavity 21 are completely fixed by a locking nut 5. The deflection nozzle 71 is precisely fitted with the focusing pipe 6 and is threadedly connected. The deflection nozzle 71 can rotate together with the injection assembly 7 and the feeding assembly 2.

[0055] The deflection assembly 7 is coaxially connected to the injection assembly 1. The deflection assembly 7 includes a sleeve, a locking nut 5 and a deflection nozzle 71. The deflection assembly 7 is connected to the end of the focusing pipe 6. A deflection flow channel is provided at the inner jet outlet of the deflection nozzle 71; an abrasive water jet outlet 72, i.e., the nozzle outlet, is provided at the outer end of the deflection nozzle 71. The deflection angle of the deflection flow channel is 90° - 180°. Figures 3a - 3d The sectional views in the main view direction at different deflection angles of the deflection nozzle are respectively shown; among them, Figures 3a - 3d They are respectively the front views at deflections of 90°, 120°, 135°, and 150°.

[0056] The deflection flow channel is provided with a plurality of injection flow channels. The injection flow channels in the cross-section of the deflection flow channel adopt an array structure and are shown in an array structure in the cross-section. Among them, the constituent elements of the array are holes or semi-circular rectangular grooves, also called slits. The array composed of a plurality of holes is a circumferential array or a rectangular array. In this embodiment, the holes are circular holes, and in other embodiments, they can also be of other shapes. The semi-circular rectangular groove includes a first semi-circular rectangular groove and a second semi-circular rectangular groove. The diameters of the first semi-circular rectangular groove and the second semi-circular rectangular groove are different, that is, the overall lengths are different. The array composed of a plurality of semi-circular rectangular grooves is an equal array or a gradient array. The equal array composed of a plurality of semi-circular rectangular grooves includes a plurality of first semi-circular rectangular grooves or a plurality of second semi-circular rectangular grooves. The gradient array composed of a plurality of semi-circular rectangular grooves includes more than one first semi-circular rectangular groove and more than one second semi-circular rectangular groove.

[0057] In specific applications, the deflection angle is set according to needs. The specific purpose is to determine the deflection angle with the lowest wear amount as the goal. The deflection angle is determined by the following method:

[0058] S1. Calculate the jet velocity at the nozzle outlet cross-section: The pressure potential energy of the high-pressure water before the nozzle ejects is equal to the kinetic potential energy of the water jet ejected, which is expressed as:

[0059]

[0060] In the formula, the left side of the equal sign represents the pressure potential energy before the nozzle sprays. Among them, P represents the pressure of the high-pressure water, v1 represents the flow velocity before spraying, h1 represents the height of the jet inlet and outlet position, and ρ1 represents the water flow density before spraying; the right side of the equal sign represents the dynamic potential energy of the water jet after spraying. Among them, P0 represents the atmospheric pressure, v2 represents the water jet spraying velocity, h2 represents the height of the jet spraying position, and ρ0 represents the water flow density of the jet after spraying; under high-pressure conditions, P >> P0, v2 >> v1, h1 ≈ h2; introduce the jet resistance coefficient μ related to the water pressure f , the calculation formula for the jet velocity at the nozzle outlet section is:

[0061]

[0062] S2. Determine the outlet flow rate of a single flow channel on different nozzle cross-sections: The calculation formula is as follows:

[0063] When the constituent elements of the array are holes, the calculation formula is: Q1 = (D1 / 2) 2 ·π·V j1 = S1·V j1 .

[0064] When the constituent elements of the array are semi-circular rectangular grooves, the calculation formula is: Q2 = [(D2 / 2) 2 ·π + lD]·V j2 = S2·V j2 .

[0065] S3. Determine the total outlet flow rate Q of the jet flow channel array structure according to the outlet flow rate of a single flow channel of the nozzle calculated in step S2 总 , the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0066] When the constituent elements of the array are holes, the calculation formula is: Q 总 = N·Q1.

[0067] When the constituent elements of the array are semi-circular rectangular grooves, the calculation formula is: Q 总 = N·Q2.

[0068] Among them, V j1 , V j2 respectively represent the jet velocity at the nozzle outlet section of the array hole type nozzle and the jet velocity at the nozzle outlet section of the array semi-circular rectangular groove type nozzle, respectively according to the calculation formula of the jet velocity at the nozzle outlet section in step S1; Q1, Q2, Q 总 respectively represent the outlet flow rate of a single cross-section flow channel of the array hole type nozzle, the outlet flow rate of a single cross-section flow channel of the array semi-circular rectangular groove type nozzle, and the total outlet flow rate of the nozzle flow channel cross-section. Calculate the total outlet flow rate Q of different nozzle flow channel cross-sections according to different array types 总; D1 and D2 represent the diameter of the hole flow channel and the arc diameter of the semi-circular rectangular groove flow channel respectively; S1 and S2 represent the outlet cross-sectional area of the hole flow channel and the outlet cross-sectional area of the semi-circular rectangular groove flow channel respectively; l represents the center distance of the cross-section of the semi-circular rectangular groove flow channel; N represents the number of injection flow channels, and the optimal value of the number of injection flow channels is determined through numerical simulation. Generally, the number is greater than or equal to 2, and the optimal number of injection flow channels is selected according to the simulation results. The numerical simulation results of the outlets of different numbers of slit flow channel types are as Figures 6a - 6c shown, and the numerical simulation results of the outlets of different numbers of round hole flow channel types are as Figures 7a - 7d shown. It can also be seen from the simulation results that these numbers of injection flow channels can all meet the processing requirements and have excellent processing effects.

[0069] In addition, from Figures 6a - 6c and Figures 7a - 7d in the simulation results, it can also be seen that the slit array structure has relatively large wear on the wall of the deflection nozzle, the erosion wear degree is relatively serious, and the energy loss of the jet beam at the outlet is large. Therefore, it is analyzed that the service life of this type of slit array structure is short and it cannot process complex-shaped inner cavity structures for a long time, and it is more suitable for use in scenarios with short-time processing.

[0070] Compared with the slit array structure, the abrasive particle trajectory and the erosion wear distribution on the wall of each deflection nozzle of the hole array structure have been improved to a certain extent. Observing the erosion wear of the abrasive particles on the wall of each deflection nozzle, the tube wall shows a spot-like distribution and is evenly distributed, and there is no phenomenon of serious erosion in a single area. It has the ability to use this type of deflection nozzle 71 for long-time processing and is more suitable for use in scenarios with long-time processing.

[0071] S4. Construct a wear model for the injection outlet, and determine the deflection angle with the lowest wear amount E as the goal. The wear model of the injection outlet is shown as follows:

[0072]

[0073] Among them, E is the wear amount, S is the total cross-sectional area of the flow channel; α is the deflection angle; Q 总 is the total flow rate at the outlet of the nozzle flow channel.

[0074] According to the flow rate calculation formula, as the cross-sectional area S of the outlet flow channel of the designed deflection nozzle gradually increases. To a certain extent, it can be understood that: as the number of deflection flow channels increases, the processing efficiency will increase exponentially, and the surface waviness of the processed material is smaller. Therefore, in actual processing applications, the nozzle deflection flow channel type with an array slit outlet structure is used for single-scan form processing; while for the processing of the entire plane and curved surface, the nozzle deflection flow channel type with an array round hole outlet structure is used. In actual applications, the appropriate deflection flow channel with an array structure can be selected according to needs.

[0075] Preferably, in the embodiments of the present invention, in order to simplify the parameters, the relationship between the cross-sectional area S of the flow channel and the deflection angle α can also be expressed as:

[0076]

[0077] where C is a constant;

[0078] f(α) represents the abrasive particle impact angle function:

[0079] f(α) = [(sinα) 0.8 (1 + 1.8(1 - sinα)) 1.3

[0080] In the formula, α is the deflection angle of the flow channel.

[0081] In other embodiments, the cross-section of the injection flow channel of the deflected flow channel can also be circular, rectangular, square or polygonal. The deflected nozzle is machined based on a hexagonal prism, and the jet outlet, that is, the outlet of the deflected flow channel, is evenly distributed on any surface of the hexagonal prism or evenly distributed on different prism surfaces. In specific applications, the diameter of the hole is 0.2 mm, the semi-circular diameter of the first semi-circular rectangular groove is 0.15 * 0.6 mm, and the semi-circular diameter of the second semi-circular rectangular groove is The number of holes is 3 holes, 5 holes, 6 holes or 9 holes, and the total number of semi-circular rectangular grooves is 2 strips, 3 strips, 5 strips or 7 strips.

[0082] Embodiment 1

[0083] In this embodiment, single-scan form processing is performed. The lower end of the high-pressure water inlet joint 11 is connected to the upper hollow groove of the mixing cavity 21 by a thread. The water nozzle 3 is nested and fitted with the high-pressure water inlet joint 11 and the mixing cavity 21, and is fixed by the acting force between the two components after being tightened by a thread. The mixing cavity 21 has a threaded through hole on the side wall of the mixing chamber 22. The lower end of the abrasive delivery pipe 4 is connected to the mixing cavity 21 by a thread. The upper end of the focusing pipe 6 is installed at the lower end of the mixing cavity 21 and is connected by a thread and has an O-ring on the mating end face. The focusing pipe 6 and the mixing cavity 21 are completely fixed by a locking nut 5. The deflected nozzle 71 is precisely fitted with the focusing pipe 6 and is connected by a thread. The deflected nozzle 71 can rotate together with the injection assembly and the feeding assembly.

[0084] The deflected assembly is coaxially connected to the injection assembly. The deflected assembly includes a sleeve, a locking nut and a deflected nozzle. The deflected assembly is connected to the end of the focusing pipe. The deflected nozzle is internally provided with a deflected flow channel; the deflection angle of the deflected flow channel is 90° to 180°. The deflected flow channel is provided with an array of injection flow channels, and the cross-section of the injection flow channel is a slit structure. Different deflection angles are selected according to the total area of different deflected flow channels. Figures 4a - 4e ​Distribution diagram of the outlet structures of different array slits of the deflection nozzle in FIG. 3 of the present invention; among them Figure 4a is an equal array 3-slit structure, Figure 4b is an equal array 5-slit structure; Figure 4c is a gradient array 3-slit structure, Figure 4d is a gradient array 5-slit structure; Figure 4e is an equal array 2 semi-circular rectangular groove structure; among them, the center spacing range of the equal array 3-slit structure and the equal array 5-slit structure is between 0.2 and 0.25 mm; the gradient distribution range of the gradient array 3-slit and the gradient array 5-slit structure is between 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm.

[0085] According to the above simulation results and the deflection angle calculation method, for the purpose of minimizing the wear amount, when the deflection angle of the deflection channel is 90°, it is set as an equal array 3-slit structure, when the deflection angle is 120°, it is set as an equal array 5-slit structure, when the deflection angle is 135°, it is set as a gradient array 3-slit structure, and when the deflection angle is 150°, it is set as a gradient array 5-slit structure.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] In this example, surface machining is carried out. The lower end of the high-pressure water inlet joint 11 is threadedly connected to the upper part of the hollow groove of the mixing cavity 21. The water nozzle 3 is nested and fitted with the high-pressure water inlet joint 11 and the mixing cavity 21, and is fixed by the acting force between the two parts after being tightened by threads. The mixing cavity 21 has a threaded through hole on the side wall of the mixing chamber 22. The lower end of the abrasive conveying pipe 4 is threadedly connected to the mixing cavity 21. The upper end of the focusing pipe 6 is installed at the lower end of the mixing cavity 21 and is threadedly connected and there is an O-ring on the mating end face. The focusing pipe 6 and the mixing cavity 21 are completely fixed by the locking nut 5. The deflection nozzle 71 is precisely fitted with the focusing pipe 6 and is threadedly connected. The deflection nozzle 71 can rotate together with the injection assembly and the feeding assembly.

[0088] The deflection assembly is coaxially connected to the injection assembly. The deflection assembly includes a sleeve, a locking nut and a deflection nozzle. The deflection assembly is connected to the end of the focusing pipe. The deflection nozzle is internally provided with a deflection channel; the deflection angle of the deflection channel is 90° to 180°. The deflection channel is provided with an array of injection channels, and the cross-section of the injection channel is a hole. The total area of the deflection channel is changed according to different deflection angles. Figures 5a - 5e Distribution diagram of the outlet structures of different array round holes of the deflection nozzle in FIG. 3 of the present invention; among them Figure 5a is a circumferential array of 5 round holes, Figure 5b is a circumferential array of 6 round holes, Figure 5c is a rectangular array of 6 round holes, Figure 5d is a rectangular array of 9 round holes, Figure 5e is a rectangular array of 3 round holes.

[0089] According to the above simulation results and deflection angle calculation method, with the purpose of minimizing wear, when the deflection angle of the deflection flow channel is 90°, it is set to a 5-hole equal circular array structure, when the deflection angle is 120°, it is set to a 6-hole equal circular array structure, when the deflection angle is 135°, it is set to a 6-hole rectangular array structure, and when the deflection angle is 150°, it is set to a 9-hole rectangular array structure.

[0090] The present invention provides a polishing jet device suitable for the inner surface of a complex and irregular inner cavity structure, wherein water is pressurized to the required working pressure and delivered to a high-pressure water inlet joint. Low-pressure water is ejected from the outlet of the high-pressure water inlet joint through a water nozzle to form a high-pressure jet, and is mixed with abrasive delivered by a feeding assembly in a mixing cavity, thereby forming a high-pressure abrasive jet. At the same time, the actuator is started and the nozzle device is extended into the complex and irregular inner cavity. After reaching the vicinity of the wall surface of the polishing workpiece, the end of the actuator is controlled to rotate slowly. During the rotational movement of the nozzle device, the high-pressure jet carries the evenly mixed abrasive to polish the wall surface of the complex and irregular inner cavity. During use, for different polishing requirements, the deflection angle of the deflection flow channel can be set according to the required injection speed with the minimum wear amount as the goal, and the arrangement mode of the injection flow channel of the deflection flow channel can be set to an array structure. Different cross-sectional array forms and the number of injection flow channels can be selected according to different injection requirements, thereby maximizing the injection efficiency and improving the polishing efficiency as much as possible on the basis of ensuring the polishing accuracy.

[0091] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polishing injection device applicable to the inner surface of a complex special-shaped inner cavity structure, characterized in that: It includes a jet assembly, a feeding assembly, and a deflection assembly; The jet assembly includes a high-pressure water inlet joint, a mixing cavity, a water nozzle, and a focusing tube that are coaxially arranged and connected in sequence. The high-pressure water inlet joint is connected to the first end of the mixing cavity and sealed with an O-ring at the connection. The second end of the mixing cavity is connected to the focusing tube, and an abrasive inlet is provided on the side of the mixing cavity; The feeding assembly and the jet assembly are in the same plane. The feeding assembly includes an abrasive delivery tube, which is connected to the abrasive inlet and sealed with an O-ring at the abrasive inlet connection; The deflection assembly is coaxially connected to the jet assembly. The deflection assembly is provided with a deflection nozzle, which is connected to the end of the focusing tube. A deflection channel is provided inside the nozzle outlet of the deflection nozzle; the deflection angle of the deflection channel is 90° to 180°; The jet channel of the deflection channel has an array structure in cross-section, where the elements of the array are holes or semi-circular rectangular grooves. The array composed of multiple holes is a circumferential array or a rectangular array; the semi-circular rectangular groove includes a first semi-circular rectangular groove and a second semi-circular rectangular groove. The array composed of multiple semi-circular rectangular grooves is an equal array or a gradient array; The deflection angle is determined by the following method: S1. Calculate the jet velocity at the nozzle outlet section: The pressure potential energy of the high-pressure water before the nozzle ejects is equal to the kinetic potential energy of the water jet ejection, expressed as: In the formula, the left side of the equal sign represents the pressure potential energy before the nozzle sprays. Among them, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, P represents the pressure of high-pressure water, v1 represents the flow velocity before spraying, h1 represents the height of the jet inlet and outlet position, and ρ1 represents the water flow density before spraying; the right side of the equal sign represents the dynamic potential energy of the water jet after spraying. Among them, P0 represents the atmospheric pressure, v2 represents the water jet spraying velocity, h2 represents the height of the jet spraying position, and ρ0 represents the water flow density of the jet after spraying; under high-pressure conditions, P >> P0, v2 >> v1, h1 ≈ h2; introduce the jet resistance coefficient μ related to the water pressure f , the jet velocity V at the nozzle outlet cross-section j The calculation formula is: S2. Determine the outlet flow rate of a single channel on different nozzle outlet sections: Its calculation formula is as follows: When the constituent elements of the array are holes, the calculation formula is: Q1 = (D1 / 2) 2 ·π·V j1 = S1·V j1 ; When the constituent elements of the array are slits, the calculation formula is: Q2 = [(D2 / 2) 2 ·π + lD]·V j2 = S2·V j2 ; S3. Determine the total outlet flow rate Q of the nozzle flow channel cross-section based on the outlet flow rate of a single flow channel of the nozzle calculated in step S2. 总 , and the specific calculation formula is as follows: When the constituent elements of the array are holes, the calculation formula is: Q 总 = N·Q1 When the constituent elements of the array are semi-circular rectangular grooves, the calculation formula is: Q 总 = N · Q2 Among them, V j1 and V j2 respectively represent the jet velocity at the outlet cross-section of the nozzle of the array hole type and the jet velocity at the outlet cross-section of the nozzle of the array semi-circular rectangular groove type; Q1, Q2, and Q 总 respectively represent the outlet flow rate of a single flow channel of the nozzle of the array hole type, the outlet flow rate of a single flow channel of the nozzle of the array semi-circular rectangular groove type, and the total outlet flow rate of the nozzle flow channel cross-section; D1 and D2 respectively represent the diameter of the hole flow channel and the arc diameter of the semi-circular rectangular groove flow channel; S1 and S2 respectively represent the outlet cross-sectional area of the hole flow channel and the outlet cross-sectional area of the semi-circular rectangular groove flow channel; l represents the center distance of the semi-circular rectangular groove flow channel cross-section; N represents the number of flow channels, and the number of flow channels is determined by numerical simulation; S4. Construct a wear model for the jet outlet, and determine the deflection angle with the lowest wear amount E. The wear model for the jet outlet is shown in the following formula: Among them, E is the wear amount, S is the total cross-sectional area of the flow channel; α is the deflection angle; Q 总 is the total flow rate at the outlet of the nozzle flow channel cross-section.

2. The polishing injection device applicable to the inner surface of a complex-shaped inner cavity structure according to claim 1, wherein: The cross-section of the jet channel of the deflection channel can also be set to be circular, rectangular, square, or polygonal.

3. The polishing jet device applicable to the inner surface of a complex-shaped inner cavity structure according to claim 1, wherein: The deflection nozzle is machined based on a hexagonal prism, and the outlets of the deflection channels are evenly distributed on any one surface of the hexagonal prism or evenly distributed on different prism surfaces.

4. The polishing injection device applicable to the inner surface of a complex-shaped inner cavity structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure water inlet joint and the first end of the mixing cavity are connected by internal threads; the second end of the mixing cavity and the focusing tube are connected by external threads.

5. The polishing injection device applicable to the inner surface of a complex special-shaped inner cavity structure according to claim 1, wherein: The deflection assembly and the end of the focusing tube are connected by internal threads, and they are relatively stationary during movement.

6. The polishing jetting device applicable to the inner surface of a complex-shaped inner cavity structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the hole is 0.2 mm, the semi-circular diameter of the first semi-circular rectangular groove is 0.15 * 0.6 mm, and the semi-circular diameter of the second semi-circular rectangular groove is 0.2 * 0.6 mm.

7. The polishing jet device applicable to the inner surface of a complex-shaped inner cavity structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equal array composed of multiple semi-circular rectangular grooves includes multiple first semi-circular rectangular grooves or multiple second semi-circular rectangular grooves. The gradient array composed of multiple semi-circular rectangular grooves includes more than one first semi-circular rectangular groove and more than one second semi-circular rectangular groove.

8. The polishing jet device applicable to the inner surface of a complex-shaped inner cavity structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the holes is 3 holes, 5 holes, 6 holes, or 9 holes.

9. The polishing jet device applicable to the inner surface of a complex-shaped cavity structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total number of the first semi-circular rectangular groove and the second semi-circular rectangular groove is 2, 3, 5, or 7.

10. The polishing jet device applicable to the inner surface of a complex-shaped inner cavity structure according to claim 1, wherein: The relationship between the cross-sectional area S of the channel and the deflection angle α can also be expressed as: where C is a constant; f(α) represents the abrasive particle impact angle function: f(α) = [(sinα) 0.8 (1 + 1.8(1 - sinα)) 1.3 ​ In the formula, α is the deflection angle of the channel.

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