Sealing components and related methods for turbine engines

Abstract

A sealing assembly for a rotating machine (such as a turbine engine) may include: a sealing rotor including a rotor face; a sealing slider including a slider face; and a sealing stator, wherein the sealing slider is slidably coupled to the sealing stator, and wherein the slider face and the rotor face define a primary seal. The sealing slider may be configured to slidably engage and retract the slider face relative to the rotor face. The sealing assembly may further include a secondary seal disposed between the sealing slider and the sealing stator. The secondary seal may be configured to compress and spring back and / or expand and spring back over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider.

Description

[0001] Priority information

[0002] This application claims priority to Indian Provisional Patent Application No. 202211011484, filed on March 3, 2022. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure generally relates to sealing assemblies for rotating machines, and more specifically, to suction seals for rotating machines (such as turbine engines), and methods of operating rotating machines including sealing assemblies. Background Technology

[0004] Rotating machines (such as gas turbine engines) have seals between rotating components (e.g., rotors) and corresponding stationary components (e.g., stators). These seals help reduce fluid leakage between the rotor and stator. These seals can additionally or alternatively help separate fluids with different pressures and / or temperatures. The sealing performance of the seals affects not only the amount of fluid leakage and / or separation, but also the overall operation and / or operating efficiency of the rotating machine. Therefore, improved sealing assemblies for rotating machines (such as turbine engines), and improved methods for providing a sealed interface between the rotor and stator of the rotating machine, are welcome in the art. Attached Figure Description

[0005] The specification with reference to the accompanying drawings sets forth a complete and effective disclosure for those skilled in the art, including its best mode, wherein:

[0006] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary rotating machine including a turbine engine is shown;

[0007] Figure 2A and 2B Schematic perspective views of exemplary sealing assemblies arranged adjacent to the rotor of a turbine engine are shown respectively;

[0008] Figure 3A A schematic side view of an exemplary sealing assembly in the retracted position is shown;

[0009] Figure 3B The image shows the part in the engagement position. Figure 3A A schematic side view of an exemplary sealing assembly;

[0010] Figure 3C and 3D Schematic side views of the additional exemplary sealing components are shown respectively;

[0011] Figure 4A A schematic side view of another exemplary sealing assembly in the retracted position is shown;

[0012] Figure 4B The image shows the part in the engagement position. Figure 4A A schematic side view of an exemplary sealing assembly;

[0013] Figure 4C and 4D Schematic side views of further exemplary sealing components are shown respectively;

[0014] Figure 5A A schematic side view of another exemplary sealing assembly in a neutral position is shown;

[0015] Figure 5B The image shows the idling position. Figure 5A A schematic side view of an exemplary sealing assembly;

[0016] Figure 5C The figure at the rated speed position is shown. Figure 5A A schematic side view of an exemplary sealing assembly;

[0017] Figure 5D The cruise position is shown. Figure 5A A schematic side view of an exemplary sealing assembly;

[0018] Figure 5E The device is shown in the release position. Figure 5A A schematic side view of an exemplary sealing assembly;

[0019] Figure 6A A schematic cross-sectional perspective view depicting a primary seal of an exemplary sealing assembly is shown;

[0020] Figure 6B The illustration depicts Figure 6A A schematic cross-sectional view of the primary seal of an exemplary sealing assembly, instead of a perspective view;

[0021] Figure 6C A schematic cross-sectional perspective view depicting a primary seal of another exemplary sealing assembly is shown;

[0022] Figure 6D The illustration depicts Figure 6C A schematic cross-sectional view of the primary seal of an exemplary sealing assembly, instead of a perspective view;

[0023] Figure 6E A schematic cross-sectional perspective view depicting a primary seal of yet another exemplary sealing assembly is shown.

[0024] Figure 6F The illustration depicts Figure 6E A schematic cross-sectional view of the primary seal of an exemplary sealing assembly, alternative to a perspective view; and

[0025] Figure 7 A flowchart describing a method for operating a rotating machine is shown.

[0026] The repeated use of reference numerals in this specification and drawings is intended to indicate the same or similar features or elements of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present disclosure, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Each example is provided as an explanation of the present disclosure and not as a limitation thereof. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit thereof. For example, features shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used with another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. Therefore, the present disclosure is intended to cover such modifications and variations falling within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0028] The term "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any implementation described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as superior or better than other implementations. Furthermore, unless explicitly stated otherwise, all embodiments described herein should be considered exemplary.

[0029] As used herein, the terms “first,” “second,” and “third” are used interchangeably to distinguish one component from another and are not intended to indicate the location or importance of the individual components.

[0030] The terms “upper,” “lower,” “right,” “left,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “lateral,” “longitudinal,” etc., should be used in relation to the present disclosure as oriented in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that various alternative orientations may be assumed in the present disclosure unless explicitly stated otherwise. It should also be understood that the specific devices shown in the drawings and described in the following description are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics relating to the embodiments disclosed herein should not be considered limiting.

[0031] The terms "front" and "rear" refer to relative positions within a turbocharged engine. "Front" refers to the position closer to the engine inlet, while "rear" refers to the position closer to the engine nozzle or exhaust port.

[0032] The terms "upstream" and "downstream" refer to the relative directions of fluid flow within a fluid path. For example, "upstream" refers to the direction from which the fluid flows, and "downstream" refers to the direction from which the fluid flows.

[0033] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “a,” and “the” include plural references.

[0034] Unless otherwise stated herein, the terms “connection,” “fixed,” “attached to,” etc., refer to both direct connection, fixation, or attachment, and indirect connection, fixation, or attachment via one or more intermediate components or features.

[0035] As used herein, approximate language is applied to modify any quantitative expression that may allow for variation without altering its essential function. Therefore, terms such as "about," "approximately," etc., are used.

[0036] The values ​​modified by the terms "substantially" are not limited to specified exact values. In at least some cases, approximate language may correspond to the precision of the instruments used to measure the values, or the precision of the methods or machines used to construct or manufacture parts and / or systems. For example, approximate language may refer to a margin of 1%, 2%, 4%, 10%, 15%, or 20%.

[0037] Throughout this specification and claims, scope limitations are combined and interchanged, and unless the context or language otherwise indicates otherwise, such scopes are identified and include all subscopes contained herein. For example, all scopes disclosed herein...

[0038] The range includes endpoints, and endpoints can be combined independently of each other.

[0039] Additionally, unless otherwise stated, the terms "low," "high," or their respective comparatives (e.g., lower, higher, where applicable) each refer to a relative speed within the engine. For example, "low-pressure turbine" typically refers to a speed below...

[0040] "High-pressure turbine" operates under pressure. Alternatively, unless otherwise stated, the above terms can be understood as their highest level, 0. For example, "low-pressure turbine" can refer to the turbine with the lowest maximum pressure within a turbine section, and "high-pressure turbine" can...

[0041] The turbine with the highest maximum pressure within the turbine section.

[0042] The term “turbine” or “turbomachinery” refers to a machine that includes one or more compressors, a heating section (e.g., a burner section), and one or more turbines that together generate torque output.

[0043] As used herein, the term "turbo engine" refers to an engine that includes a turbine as its power source, in whole or in part. Examples of turbo engines include gas turbine engines and hybrid electric turbine engines, such as turbofan engines.

[0044] Engines include turboprop engines, turbojet engines, and turboshaft engines.

[0045] As used herein, the term "rated speed" refers to the maximum rotational speed that a rotating machine (e.g., a turbine engine) can achieve during normal operation. For example, a rotating machine (e.g., a turbine engine) can operate at rated speed during maximum load operation (e.g., during takeoff operations).

[0046] As used herein, the term nominal operating conditions refers to the operation of a rotating machine (such as a turbine engine) at a rotational speed greater than idle speed and less than the rated speed of the rotating machine. For example, nominal operating conditions may include a rotational speed at least 10% greater than idle speed and at least 10% less than the rated speed.

[0047] As used herein, the term cruise operating conditions refers to a period of time during which a rotating machine (such as a turbine engine) operates at a relatively high rotational speed. For example, a rotating machine (e.g., a turbine engine) that powers an aircraft may present cruise operating conditions when the aircraft is flying level after it has claimed to have reached a designated altitude. In some embodiments, the rotating machine may present cruise operating conditions at rotational speeds ranging from about 50% to about 90% of its rated speed (e.g., from about 70% to about 80% of its rated speed).

[0048] As used herein, the term low-power operating condition refers to a rotating machine (e.g., a turbine engine) operating at a rotational speed that is at least 10% greater than the machine's idle speed.

[0049] As used herein, the term high-power operating condition refers to a rotating machine (e.g., a turbine engine) operating at at least 90% of the machine's rated speed.

[0050] As used herein, the term "rotor" refers to any component of a rotating machine (e.g., a turbine engine) that rotates about an axis of rotation. As an example, a rotor may include a shaft or spool of a rotating machine (e.g., a turbine engine).

[0051] As used herein, the term "stator" refers to any component of a rotating machine (e.g., a turbine engine) having a construction and arrangement coaxial with the rotor of the rotating machine. The stator may be stationary or rotatable about an axis of rotation. The stator may be arranged radially inward or radially outward relative to at least a portion of the rotor along a radial axis. Additionally or alternatively, the stator may be arranged axially adjacent to at least a portion of the rotor.

[0052] One or more components of the turbine engine described below can be manufactured or formed using any suitable process, such as additive manufacturing or 3D printing. The use of such a process can allow such components to be integrally formed into a single, monolithic part, or formed into any suitable number of sub-parts. In particular, additive manufacturing processes can allow such components to be integrally formed and include a variety of features that are not possible using existing manufacturing methods. For example, the additive manufacturing methods described herein can allow the manufacture of unique features, constructions, thicknesses, materials, densities, fluid passages, manifolds and mounting structures, channels, conduits, cavities, openings, housings, manifolds, double walls, heat exchangers, or other components that are not possible or practical using existing manufacturing methods, or specific positioning and integration of such components. Some of these features are described herein.

[0053] Suitable additive manufacturing technologies according to this disclosure include, for example, selective laser melting (SLM), direct metal laser melting (DMLM), fused deposition modeling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS), 3D printing such as by inkjet, laser jetting and binder jetting, stereolithography (SLA), direct selective laser sintering (DSLS), electron beam sintering (EBS), electron beam melting (EBM), laser engineered net forming (LENS), laser net forming manufacturing (LNSM), direct metal deposition (DMD), digital light processing (DLP), direct selective laser melting (DSLM) and other known processes.

[0054] Suitable powder materials for manufacturing the structures provided herein as a single, integral structure include metal alloys, polymers, or ceramic powders. Exemplary metal powder materials are stainless steel alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, nickel-based superalloys, and cobalt-based superalloys. Furthermore, suitable alloys may include those designed to have good oxidation resistance, referred to as “superalloys,” which possess acceptable strength at elevated operating temperatures in turbine engines, such as Hastelloy, Inconel alloys (e.g., IN 738, IN 792, IN 939), Rene alloys (e.g., Rene N4, Rene N5, Rene 80, Rene 142, Rene 195), Haynes alloys, Mar M, CM247, CM247 LC, C263, 718, X-850, ECY768, 282, X45, PWA 1483, and CMSX (e.g., CMSX-4) single-crystal alloys. The manufactured objects disclosed herein can be formed with one or more selected crystalline microstructures, such as directional solidification (“DS”) or single crystals (“SX”).

[0055] As used herein, the terms "monolithic," "single," or "integral" to describe a structure mean that the structure is formed monolithically from a continuous material or group of materials without seams, joints, or other connections. The monolithic single structure described herein can be formed by additive manufacturing or by casting or other processes.

[0056] This disclosure generally provides a sealing assembly for rotating machines. The sealing assembly disclosed herein can be used in any rotating machine. Exemplary embodiments may be particularly suitable for turbines, such as turbine engines. The sealing assembly disclosed herein includes a suction seal that provides a fluid film between a seal face and a rotor face. The fluid film may be provided by one or more suction conduits that allow fluid (e.g., pressurized air or gas within a turbine engine) to flow from a higher-pressure region on one side of the sealing assembly to a lower-pressure region on the other side of the sealing assembly. The fluid flowing through the suction conduits provides a pressurized fluid film between the seal face and the rotor face. The pressurized fluid film can serve as a fluid bearing, such as a gas bearing, to prevent contact between the seal and the rotor. For example, the fluid bearing may be a hydrostatic bearing, an air static bearing, etc.

[0057] The currently disclosed sealing assemblies are generally considered non-contact seals because fluid bearings prevent contact between the sealing surface and the rotor surface. The currently disclosed sealing assemblies include a primary seal defined by a rotor surface of a sealing rotor and a slider surface of a sealing slider. The primary seal can be configured as a suction face seal, a fluid bearing, a gas bearing, etc. The sealing slider can be slidably coupled to a sealing stator, allowing the sealing slider to slidably engage and retract relative to the rotor surface. The currently disclosed sealing assemblies further include a secondary seal disposed between the sealing slider and the sealing stator. The secondary seal can compress and rebound and / or expand and rebound over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider. The secondary seal can be fluid-impermeable and / or can provide a fluid-impermeable seal between the sealing slider and the sealing stator. In some embodiments, the secondary seal may include a bellows seal and / or a finger seal.

[0058] In some embodiments, the currently disclosed sealing assembly can advantageously provide smooth movement of the sealing slider, thereby allowing responsive movement in response to changes in operating conditions. Additionally, the currently disclosed sealing assembly can provide improved responsiveness to dynamics caused by transient operating conditions of the rotating machine and / or abnormal movement of the rotor. The sealing assembly includes the features described herein that provide improved movement of the sealing slider, improved positioning of the sealing face relative to the rotor face, enhanced range of motion of the sealing slider, and / or improved responsiveness to transient operating conditions and / or abnormal movement of the rotor. The currently disclosed sealing assembly can accommodate a wider range of operating conditions and / or can provide improved operating performance, including improved performance of the sealing assembly and / or improved performance of the rotating machine. Additionally or alternatively, the currently disclosed sealing assembly can provide a lower probability of contact between the sealing face and the rotor face during transient conditions, thereby improving the durability and / or service life of the sealing assembly, rotor, and / or related components of the rotating machine.

[0059] Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in more detail. References Figure 1 An exemplary turbine engine 100 will be described. In some embodiments, the currently disclosed sealing assembly may be included in a rotating machine such as turbine engine 100. The exemplary turbine engine 100 may be mounted to an aircraft, for example, in an underwing configuration or a tail-mounted configuration. It should be understood that Figure 1 The turbine engine 100 shown is provided by way of example and not as a limitation, and the subject matter of this disclosure can be implemented with other types of turbine engines and other types of rotating machines.

[0060] Typically, the turbine engine 100 may include a fan section 102 and a core engine 104 disposed downstream of the fan section 102. The fan section 102 may include a fan 106 having any suitable configuration (e.g., variable pitch, single-stage configuration). The fan 106 may include a plurality of fan blades 108 spaced apart and coupled to a fan disk 110. The fan blades 108 may extend generally radially outward from the fan disk 110. The core engine 104 may be directly or indirectly coupled to the fan section 102 to provide torque for driving the fan section 102.

[0061] The core engine 104 may include an engine housing 114 that surrounds one or more portions of the core engine 104, including a compressor section 122, a combustor section 124, and a turbine section 126. The engine housing 114 may define a core engine inlet 116, an exhaust nozzle 118, and a core airflow path 120 therebetween. The core airflow path 120 may pass through the compressor section 122, combustor section 124, and turbine section 126 in a series flow relationship. The compressor section 122 may include a first boost or low-pressure (LP) compressor 128 and a second high-pressure (HP) compressor 130. The turbine section 126 may include a first high-pressure (HP) turbine 132 and a second low-pressure (LP) turbine 134. The compressor section 122, combustor section 124, turbine section 126, and exhaust nozzle 118 may be arranged in a series flow relationship and may each define a portion of the core airflow path 120 through the core engine 104.

[0062] The core motor 104 and fan section 102 can be coupled to a shaft driven by the core motor 104. As an example, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the core engine 104 may include a high-pressure (HP) shaft 136 and a low-pressure (LP) shaft 138. The HP shaft 136 can drive the HP turbine 132 to the HP compressor 130. The LP shaft 138 can drive the LP turbine 134 to the LP compressor 128. In other embodiments, such as in the case of a turbine engine including an intermediate-pressure turbine, the turbine engine may have three shafts. The shafts of the core engine 104, together with the rotating portions of the core engine 104, may sometimes be referred to as "spools". The HP shaft 136, the rotating portion of the HP compressor 130 coupled to the HP shaft 136, and the rotating portion of the HP turbine 132 coupled to the HP shaft 136 may be collectively referred to as the high-pressure (HP) spool 140. The LP shaft 138, the rotating portion of the LP compressor 128 coupled to the LP shaft 138, and the rotating portion of the LP turbine 134 coupled to the LP shaft 138 may be collectively referred to as the low-pressure (LP) spool 142.

[0063] In some embodiments, fan section 102 can be directly coupled to the shaft of core engine 104, for example, directly coupled to LP shaft 138. Or, as Figure 1 As shown, fan section 102 and core engine 104 can be interconnected via a power gearbox 144 (e.g., a planetary reduction gearbox, a rotary gearbox, etc.). For example, power gearbox 144 can connect LP shaft 138 to fan 106, such as to fan disc 110 of fan section 102. Power gearbox 144 may include multiple gears for reducing the rotational speed of LP shaft 138 to a more efficient rotational speed for fan section 102.

[0064] Still referencing Figure 1 The fan section 102 of the turbine engine 100 may include a fan housing 146 that at least partially surrounds a fan 106 and / or a plurality of fan blades 108. The fan housing 146 may be supported by a core engine 104, for example by a plurality of outlet guide vanes 148 circumferentially spaced therebetween and extending substantially radially. The turbine engine 100 may include a nacelle 150. The nacelle 150 may be fixed to the fan housing 146. The nacelle 150 may include one or more sections that at least partially surround the fan section 102, the fan housing 146, and / or the core engine 104. For example, the nacelle 150 may include a nose cone, fan shroud, engine cowling, thrust reverser, etc. The inward portion of the fan housing 146 and / or the nacelle 150 may circumferentially surround the outer portion of the core engine 104. The inward portion of the fan housing 146 and / or the nacelle 150 may define a bypass passage 152. The bypass passage 152 may be arranged in a ring between the outer portion of the core engine 104 and the fan casing 146 and / or the inward portion of the nacelle 150 surrounding the outer portion of the core engine 104.

[0065] During operation of the turbine engine 100, inlet airflow 154 enters the turbine engine 100 through inlet 156 defined by nacelle 150 (e.g., the nose cone of nacelle 150). Inlet airflow 154 passes through fan blades 108. Inlet airflow 154 splits into core airflow 158, which flows into and passes through core airflow path 120 of the core engine 104, and bypass airflow 160, which flows through bypass passage 152. Core airflow 158 is compressed by compressor section 122. The pressurized air from compressor section 122 flows downstream to combustor section 124, where fuel is introduced to generate combustion gases, as indicated by arrow 162. Combustion gases exit combustor section 124 and flow through turbine section 126, generating torque that rotates compressor section 122 to support combustion and also rotates fan section 102. Rotation of fan section 102 causes bypass airflow 160 to flow through bypass passage 152, generating propulsive thrust. The core airflow 158 exiting the exhaust nozzle 118 generates additional thrust.

[0066] In some exemplary embodiments, the turbine engine 100 may be a relatively high-power turbine engine 100, which can generate a relatively large amount of thrust when operating at rated speed. For example, the turbine engine 100 may be configured to generate thrust from about 300 kilonewtons (kN) to about 700 kN, for example from about 300 kN to about 500 kN, for example from about 500 kN to about 600 kN, or for example from about 600 kN to about 700 kN. However, it should be understood that reference to... Figure 1The various features and properties of the turbine engine 100 described are provided by way of example only and are not limiting. In fact, this disclosure can be implemented for any desired turbine engine, including those turbine engines that have properties or features that differ from those of the turbine engine 100 described herein in one or more respects.

[0067] Still referencing Figure 1 The turbine engine 100 includes sealing assemblies at multiple locations throughout the turbine engine 100, any one or more of which can be constructed according to this disclosure. The currently disclosed sealing assemblies can be located at any location within the turbine engine 100, including interfaces with rotating portions of the turbine engine 100, such as interfaces with rotating portions of the core engine 104 or spools. For example, the sealing assembly may be included at an interface with a portion of the LP spool 142 and / or with an interface with the HP spool 140. In some embodiments, the sealing assembly may be included at an interface between a spool (such as the LP spool 142 or HP spool 140) and a stationary portion of the core engine 104. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing assembly may be included at an interface between the LP spool 142 and the HP spool 140. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing assembly may be included at an interface between the stationary portion of the core engine 104 and the LP spool 138 or HP spool 136, and / or at an interface between the LP spool 138 and the HP spool 136.

[0068] As an example, Figure 1Some exemplary locations of the sealing assembly are shown. As an example, the sealing assembly may be located at or near bearing compartment 164. A sealing assembly located at or near bearing compartment 164 is sometimes referred to as a bearing compartment seal. Such a bearing compartment seal may be configured to prevent airflow (e.g., core airflow 158) from entering the bearing compartment of the turbine engine 100, such as the bearing compartment located at the interface between the LP shaft 138 and the HP shaft 136. As another example, the sealing assembly may be located at or near the compressor section 122 of the turbine engine 100. In some embodiments, the sealing assembly may be located at or near, for example, the compressor discharge port 166 of the HP compressor 130. A sealing assembly located at or near the compressor discharge port 166 is sometimes referred to as a compressor discharge pressure seal. Such a compressor discharge pressure seal may be configured to maintain pressure downstream of the compressor section 122 and / or provide bearing thrust balance. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing assembly may be located between adjacent compressor stages 168 of the compressor section 122. A sealing assembly located between adjacent compressor stages 168 is sometimes referred to as an interstage compressor seal. Such compressor stage seals can be configured to restrict air recirculation within compressor section 122. As another example, the sealing assembly can be located at or near turbine section 126 of the turbine engine 100. In some embodiments, the sealing assembly can be located at or near turbine inlet 170, for example, of HP turbine 132 or LP turbine 134. A sealing assembly located at or near turbine inlet 170 is sometimes referred to as a front turbine seal. Such a front turbine seal can be configured to receive high-pressure cooling air for HP turbine 132 and / or LP turbine 134 (e.g., for the turbine disk and its turbine blades). Additionally or alternatively, the sealing assembly can be located at or near one or more turbine disk rims 172. A sealing assembly located at or near turbine disk rims 172 is sometimes referred to as a turbine disk rim seal. Such a turbine disk rim seal can be configured to prevent hot gas from being drawn into the disk rim region. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing assembly can be located between adjacent turbine stages 174 of turbine section 126. A sealing assembly located between adjacent turbine stages 174 is sometimes referred to as an inter-stage seal. This turbine stage seal can be configured to restrict air recirculation within the turbine section 126.

[0069] The sealing assemblies at any one or more of these or other locations of the turbine engine 100 may be constructed in accordance with this disclosure. Additionally or alternatively, the turbine engine 100 may include the currently disclosed sealing assemblies at one or more other locations of the turbine engine 100. It should also be understood that the currently disclosed sealing assemblies may also be used in other rotating machines, and references are made to… Figure 1 The turbine engine 100 described is provided as an example and not as a limitation.

[0070] Now for reference Figure 2A and 2B An exemplary sealing assembly is further described below. Figure 2A and 2B As shown, a rotating machine 200 (e.g., a turbine engine 100) may include a sealing assembly 202 configured to provide a sealing interface with a rotor 204, for example, providing a sealing interface between the rotor 204 and the stator 206 of the rotating machine 200. The sealing assembly 202 can be integrated into any rotating machine 200 (e.g., reference 100). Figure 1 The turbine engine 100 described herein. For example... Figure 2A and 2B As shown, the sealing assembly 202 can separate the inlet chamber 208 and the outlet chamber 210. The inlet chamber 208 can define a region of the rotating machine 200 including a relatively high-pressure fluid volume. The outlet chamber 210 can define a region of the rotating machine 200 including a relatively low-pressure fluid volume. The sealing assembly 202 can have an annular configuration. In some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 can include a plurality of annular elements that can be assembled to provide the sealing assembly 202. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing assembly 202 can include a plurality of semi-annular elements that can be assembled to provide the sealing assembly 202 having an annular configuration.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2A As shown, sealing assembly 202 can provide a sealed interface between the HP spool 140 of the core engine 104 and the stationary portion. For example, rotor 204 may include a portion of HP spool 140. Additionally or alternatively, rotor 204 may include an HP spool cone 212 defining a portion of HP spool 140. In some embodiments, stator 206 may include turbine center frame 214. Sealing assembly 202 can provide a sealed interface between HP spool cone 212 and turbine center frame 214. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 2B As shown, sealing assembly 202 can provide a sealed interface between rotating bodies (e.g., between HP spool 140 and LP spool 142). Rotor 204 may include a portion of LP spool 142. For example, rotor 204 may include an LP spool taper 218 defining a portion of LP spool 142. Additionally or alternatively, sealing assembly 202 may be coupled to HP spool taper 212. For example, sealing stator 224 may be coupled to HP spool 140, such as to HP spool taper 212. Sealing rotor 222 may be coupled to LP spool 142, such as to LP spool taper 218. Sealing assembly 202 can define a sealed interface between HP spool taper 212 and LP spool taper 218. In some embodiments, inner extension 220 can couple sealing assembly 202 to HP spool taper 212.

[0072] The sealing assembly 202 may be configured as a suction seal providing a non-contact sealing interface that prevents contact between the sealing stator 224 and the sealing slider 226. As an example, the sealing assembly 202 may include or be configured as a suction face seal, a fluid bearing, a gas bearing, etc. During operation, fluid within the inlet chamber 208 may flow (e.g., be suctioned) through one or more paths of the sealing assembly 202 to the outlet chamber 210. Fluid flow can provide a non-contact sealing interface. In some embodiments, the fluid may include pressurized air, gas, and / or steam. In other embodiments, the fluid may include a liquid.

[0073] As shown, the sealing assembly 202 may be disposed adjacent to the rotor 204. The sealing assembly 202 may include a sealing rotor 222, a sealing stator 224, and a sealing slider 226. The sealing rotor 222 may be coupled to the rotor 204, for example, to another portion of the HP spool cone 212 or HP spool 140, or for example, to another portion of the LP spool cone 218 or LP spool 142. In some embodiments, the sealing stator 224 may be coupled to a stationary portion of the core engine 104, for example, to the turbine center frame 214. In some embodiments, the sealing stator 224 may be coupled to a rotating portion of the core engine 104, for example, to another portion of the HP spool cone 212 or HP spool 140, or for example, to another portion of the LP spool cone 218 or LP spool 142. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing stator 224 may be coupled to an inner extension 220, for example, as shown in the figure. Figure 2B As shown. The sealing slider 226 can be slidably coupled to the sealing stator 224 at the sliding interface 228. The sealing rotor 222, sealing stator 224, and / or sealing slider 226 can each have annular configurations. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing rotor 222, sealing stator 224, and / or sealing slider 226 can each include multiple semi-annular elements that can be assembled to provide an annular assembly. The sealing assembly 202 can include a primary seal 230. The primary seal 230 can include or be configured as a suction face seal, a fluid bearing, a gas bearing, etc. The primary seal 230 can have an annular configuration defined by one or more annular or semi-annular components (e.g., sealing slider 226 and / or sealing rotor 222).

[0074] The sealing slider 226 may include a slider face 232. The sealing rotor 222 may include a rotor face 234. The primary seal 230 may be at least partially defined by the slider face 232 of the sealing slider 226 and the rotor face 234 of the sealing rotor 222. The slider face 232 and the rotor face 234 may provide non-contact interfaces for suction face seals, fluid bearings, gas bearings, etc., that define the primary seal 230. The sealing slider 226 may be configured to slidably engage and retract the slider face 232 relative to the rotor face 234. In some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 may include a plurality of suction conduits 236 configured to supply fluid from the inlet gas chamber 208 to the primary seal 230. The plurality of suction conduits 236 may be defined by the integral structure of one or more components of the sealing assembly 202.

[0075] In some embodiments, the sealing slider 226 may include a plurality of suction conduits 236 configured to supply fluid from the inlet chamber 208 to the primary seal 230. The suction conduits 236 defined by the sealing slider 226 may sometimes be referred to as slider suction conduits 238. Slider suction conduits 238 may define internal conduits, paths, etc., through the sealing slider 226. Slider suction conduits 238 may be in fluid communication with both the inlet chamber 208 and the primary seal 230. Slider suction conduits 238 may, for example, discharge fluid from the inlet chamber 208 to the primary seal 230 through a plurality of openings in the slider face 232.

[0076] Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the sealing rotor 222 may include a plurality of suction conduits 236 configured to supply fluid from the inlet chamber 208 to the primary seal 230. The plurality of suction conduits 236 may be defined by the overall structure of the sealing rotor 222. The suction conduits 236 defined by the sealing rotor 222 may sometimes be referred to as rotor suction conduits 240. Rotor suction conduits 240 may define internal conduits, paths, etc., through the sealing rotor 222. Rotor suction conduits 240 may be in fluid communication with the inlet chamber 208 and the primary seal 230. Rotor suction conduits 240 may, for example, discharge fluid from the inlet chamber 208 to the primary seal 230 at a plurality of openings in the rotor face 234.

[0077] During operation, the sealing slider 226 can slide forward and backward relative to the sealing stator 224 and the sealing rotor 222. The movement of the sealing slider 226 can be initiated at least in part by the pressure difference between the inlet chamber 208 and the outlet chamber 210. As an example, Figure 2A and 2BA sealing slider 226 is shown in the retracted position, with the primary seal 230 relatively open. For example, when the rotating machine 200 is operating at idle speed, the sealing slider 226 may occupy the retracted position. When power output and / or rotational speed increase, the sealing slider 226 may slide forward toward the sealing rotor 222, for example, as the pressure difference between the inlet chamber 208 and the outlet chamber 210 increases. For example, when the rotating machine 200 is operating under nominal and / or rated operating conditions, the sealing slider 226 may occupy the engaged position. When the sealing slider 226 is in the engaged position, the slider face 232 and the rotor face 234 are very close, and fluid flow from the inlet chamber 208 to the outlet chamber 210, for example, through multiple suction conduits 236, can be defined by suction face seals, fluid bearings, gas bearings, etc., providing a non-contact interface between the slider face 232 and the rotor face 234.

[0078] The sealing assembly 202 may include a secondary seal 242. The secondary seal 242 may have an annular configuration defined by one or more annular or semi-annular components. The secondary seal 242 may exhibit elasticity when compressed and / or expanded and rebounded over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226. The secondary seal 242 may prevent or inhibit fluid flow through it (e.g., from the inlet chamber 208 to the outlet chamber 210), while simultaneously allowing the sealing slider 226 to slide forward and backward relative to the sealing stator 224 and the sealing rotor 222, depending on the operating conditions of the rotating machine 200, such as between a retracted position and an engaged position.

[0079] In some embodiments, the secondary seal 242 may be configured to provide resistance to compressive loads. At least a portion of the compressive load on the secondary seal 242 may be activated as the sealing slider 226 moves forward toward the sealing rotor 222. Additionally or alternatively, the secondary seal 242 may exhibit at least some preload, such as at least some compressive preload. The secondary seal 242 may be configured, for example, to exhibit a force constant under compressive loads, and is at least partially configured to provide resistance to compressive loads, while also exhibiting forward and / or backward displacement suitable for the operation of the primary seal 230, for example, under specific operating conditions of the rotating machine 200. In some embodiments, in addition to or in lieu of compressive loads, the secondary seal 242 may be configured to provide resistance to tensile loads. At least a portion of the tensile load on the secondary seal 242 may be activated as the sealing slider 226 moves forward toward the sealing rotor 222. Additionally or alternatively, the secondary seal 242 may exhibit at least some preload, such as at least some tensile preload. Secondary seal 242 may be configured to exhibit a force constant, for example, under tensile loads, and at least partially configured to provide resistance to tensile loads, while exhibiting forward and / or rearward displacements suitable for the operation of primary seal 230, for example, under specific operating conditions of rotating machine 200. The forward and rearward displacements of secondary seal 242 may include compression and / or expansion of one or more secondary sealing elements 246 of secondary seal 242. Specific operating conditions of rotating machine 200 may include at least one of the following: start-up operating conditions, idling operating conditions, shutdown operating conditions, nominal operating conditions, transient operating conditions, and abnormal operating conditions. A force vector (e.g., a compressive force vector) acting on secondary seal 242 may apply a compressive load sufficient to move sealing slider 226 toward sealing rotor 222 and / or hold sealing slider 226 in place, for example, in an engaged position relative to sealing rotor 222. Additionally or alternatively, a force vector (e.g., a tension vector) acting on the secondary seal 242 may apply a tensile load sufficient to move the sealing slider 226 toward the sealing rotor 222 and / or hold the sealing slider 226 in place, such as in an engaged position, relative to the sealing rotor 222. The force vector may include at least the pressure difference between the inlet chamber 208 and the outlet chamber 210. The force vector acting on the secondary seal 242 may cause the sealing slider 226 to occupy and / or maintain an engaged position relative to the sealing rotor 222, such that the slider face 232 is at a suitable distance from the rotor face 234 to provide a suction face seal, fluid bearing, gas bearing, etc.

[0080] In some embodiments, the resistance to compressive loads provided by the secondary seal 242 can retract the sealing slider 226 away from the sealing rotor 222, and / or hold the sealing slider 226 in the retracted position relative to the sealing rotor 222. The secondary seal 242 may exhibit a rebound force sufficient to overcome the compressive load, retracting the sealing slider 226 and / or holding the sealing slider 226 in the retracted position. Additionally or alternatively, the resistance to tensile loads provided by the secondary seal 242 can retract the sealing slider 226 away from the sealing rotor 222, and / or hold the sealing slider 226 in the retracted position relative to the sealing rotor 222. The secondary seal 242 may exhibit a rebound force sufficient to overcome the tensile load, retracting the sealing slider 226 and / or holding the sealing slider 226 in the retracted position. For example, when the pressure difference between the inlet chamber 208 and the outlet chamber is below or decreases below a threshold, the force constant of the secondary seal 242 can overcome the compressive force vector and / or tension vector acting on the secondary seal 242, thereby causing the sealing slider 226 to occupy and / or maintain a retracted position relative to the sealing rotor 222. Under specific operating conditions of the rotating machine 200, the secondary seal 242 may retract relative to the sealing rotor 222 and / or hold the sealing slider 226 in the retracted position. These specific operating conditions include at least one of the following: start-up operating conditions, idling operating conditions, shutdown operating conditions, transient operating conditions, and abnormal operating conditions. In some embodiments, when the sealing slider 226 is in the retracted position relative to the sealing rotor 222, the slider surface 232 of the primary seal 230 may be sufficiently separated from the rotor surface 234 of the sealing rotor 222 to provide disengagement from suction face seals, fluid bearings, gas bearings, etc.

[0081] In some embodiments, the sealing rotor 222 may be movable forward and backward relative to the sealing slider 226 and / or the sealing stator 224. The sealing slider 226 may be configured to move forward and backward in response to movement of the sealing rotor 222. For example, the forward and backward movement of the sealing slider 226 may track the forward and backward movement of the sealing rotor 222. In some embodiments, the force vector acting on the secondary seal 242 may include at least the force applied by the sealing rotor 222. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing stator 224 may be movable forward and backward relative to the sealing slider 226 and / or the sealing rotor 222. The sealing slider 226 may be configured to move forward and backward in response to movement of the sealing stator 224. For example, the forward and backward movement of the sealing slider 226 may track the forward and backward movement of the sealing stator 224. In some embodiments, the force vector acting on the secondary seal 242 may include at least the force applied by the sealing stator 224.

[0082] During operation, the secondary seal 242 can move through various stages of compression and springback and / or tension and springback, for example, in response to changes in one or more force vectors acting on the secondary seal 242. Changes in one or more force vectors can include at least one of the following: changes in the pressure difference between the inlet chamber 208 and the outlet chamber 210, movement of the sealing rotor 222, and movement of the sealing stator 224. The secondary seal 242 can exhibit responsiveness to such changes in one or more force vectors, sufficient to maintain the sealing slider 226 in an engaged position during specific operating conditions, such that the slider face 232 can maintain a suitable distance from the rotor face 234 to provide a suction face seal, fluid bearing, gas bearing, etc. For example, the secondary seal 242 can maintain the sealing slider 226 in an engaged position during variable operating conditions falling within a varying operating range. Additionally or alternatively, during operating conditions falling outside the varying operating range, the secondary seal 242 can retract the sealing slider to a retracted position, and / or can maintain the sealing slider 226 in the retracted position. During at least one of the following periods: start-up operating conditions, idling operating conditions, shutdown operating conditions, transient operating conditions, and abnormal operating conditions, the operating conditions may fall within the varying operating range. During at least one of the following periods: start-up operating conditions, idling operating conditions, shutdown operating conditions, transient operating conditions, and abnormal operating conditions, the operating conditions may fall outside the varying operating range.

[0083] An exemplary sealing assembly 202 may include a primary seal 230 having one or more primary sealing elements 244. Additionally or alternatively, the exemplary sealing assembly 202 may include a secondary seal 242 having one or more secondary sealing elements 246. One or more secondary sealing elements 246 may be coupled to a sealing stator 224 and / or a sealing slider 226. In some embodiments, the rotor-facing portion of the secondary sealing element 246 may be coupled to the sealing stator 224. Additionally or alternatively, the stator-facing portion of the secondary sealing element 246 may be coupled to the sealing slider 226. In some embodiments, the stator-facing portion of the secondary sealing element 246 may be coupled to the sealing stator 224. Additionally or alternatively, the rotor-facing portion of the secondary sealing element 246 may be coupled to the sealing slider 226. One or more primary sealing elements 244 and / or one or more secondary sealing elements 246 may engage and / or disengage at least partially depending on the position of the sealing slider 226 relative to the sealing rotor 222 and / or the sealing stator 224. During operation, the engagement and / or disengagement of one or more primary sealing elements 244 and / or one or more secondary sealing elements 246 may depend at least in part on one or more forces acting on the secondary seal 242. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the exemplary sealing assembly 202 may include a third-level seal having one or more third-level sealing elements. The one or more third-level sealing elements may engage and / or disengage at least in part depending on the position of the sealing slider 226 relative to the sealing rotor 222 and / or the sealing stator 224 (e.g., in response to one or more forces acting on the secondary seal 242).

[0084] Now for reference Figures 3A-3DExemplary sealing assembly 202 is further described in references 4A-4D, 5A-5E, and 6A-6F. The exemplary sealing assembly may include a sealing slider 226 as described herein. The exemplary sealing slider 226 may include a primary sealing body 248. The primary sealing body 248 may include one or more slider faces 232. The one or more slider faces 232 may interface with corresponding one or more rotor faces 234, defining a primary seal 230 and / or corresponding one or more primary sealing elements 244. In some embodiments, the primary sealing body 248 may define a plurality of slider suction conduits 238. The sealing slider 226 may include a rotor-facing extension 250 projecting axially toward the sealing rotor 222. The rotor-facing extension may axially overlap at least a portion of the sealing rotor 222 over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226. The rotor-facing extension 250 and the primary sealing body 248 may define corresponding portions of a single component (e.g., an integral component), or the rotor-facing extension 250 and the primary sealing body 248 may be coupled to each other. The sealing slider 226 may include a stator-facing extension 252 projecting axially toward the sealing stator 224. The stator-facing extension 252 may axially overlap the sealing stator 224 over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226. The stator-facing extension 252 and the primary sealing body 248 may define corresponding portions of a single component (e.g., an integral component), or the stator-facing extension 252 and the primary sealing body 248 may be coupled to each other. In some embodiments, the sealing stator 224 may be directly or indirectly coupled to the sealing slider 226 at the stator-facing extension 252. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing stator 224 may be directly or indirectly coupled to the sealing slider 226 at the primary sealing body 248. In some embodiments, a secondary seal 242 may be directly or indirectly coupled to the sealing slider 226. For example, the secondary seal 242 may be directly or indirectly coupled to the sealing slider 226 at the stator-facing extension 252 and / or directly or indirectly coupled to the primary sealing body 248. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the secondary seal 242 may be directly or indirectly connected to the sealing stator 224.

[0085] For example, such as Figures 3A-3D and Figures 4A-4DAs shown, the sealing assembly 202 may include at least one slider pin 254 configured to engage with at least one corresponding slider groove 256. In some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 may include a plurality of slider pins 254 and a plurality of corresponding slider grooves 256 circumferentially spaced around the sealing assembly 202. In some embodiments, one or more slider pins 254 may define a portion of the sealing stator 224, and / or one or more slider pins 254 may be secured or coupled to the sealing stator 224. The corresponding one or more slider grooves 256 may extend radially through at least a portion of the sealing slider 226. Additionally or alternatively, one or more slider pins 254 may define a portion of the sealing slider 226 and / or one or more slider pins 254 may be secured or coupled to the sealing slider 226, and the corresponding one or more slider grooves 256 may extend radially through at least a portion of the sealing stator 224. The one or more slider pins 254 may each protrude into a corresponding one of the one or more slider grooves 256. When the sealing slider 226 moves forward and backward relative to the sealing stator 224, and / or when the sealing stator 224 moves forward and backward relative to the sealing slider 226, one or more slider pins 254 may slidably interface with one or more corresponding slider recesses 256. One or more slider pins 254 may interface with the corresponding one or more slider recesses 256 in a manner that allows the sealing slider 226 to pivot relative to the sealing rotor 222 and / or relative to the sealing stator 224. For example, in response to forces acting on the sealing rotor 222 and / or the sealing stator 224, the sealing slider 226 may pivot about one or more slider pins 254, for example, to establish and / or maintain alignment between the slider surface 232 and the rotor surface 234.

[0086] In some embodiments, the sealed stator 224 may include a stator flange 258 and a slider flange 260. The stator flange 258 may be coupled to the stator 206 of the rotating machine 200 (e.g., turbine center frame 214). Figure 2A Alternatively, the stator flange 258 may be coupled to or defined by the rotor 204 of the rotating machine 200, for example, coupled to the HP spool cone 212 and / or the inner extension 220. Figure 2B The slider flange 260 can be configured to interface with the sealing slider 226. For example, one or more slider pins 254 can be defined or coupled to the slider flange 260. The slider flange 260 can be coupled to the stator flange 258, or the slider flange 260 and the stator flange 258 can define respective portions of a single component (e.g., an integral component).

[0087] In some embodiments, the sealing slider 226 may include a secondary sealing flange 262. The secondary sealing flange 262 may be coupled to the sealing slider 226, for example, to a stator-facing extension 252 of the sealing slider 226. Alternatively, the secondary sealing flange 262 may define a portion of the sealing slider 226, for example, a portion of the stator-facing extension 252. For example, the sealing slider 226 and the secondary sealing flange 262 may define corresponding portions of a single component (e.g., a monolithic component).

[0088] For example, such as Figures 3A-3D As shown in 4A-4D and 5A-5E, a secondary seal 242 may be disposed between the sealing stator 224 and the sealing slider 226. In some embodiments, the secondary seal 242 may be coupled to the sealing stator 224. For example, the secondary seal 242 (such as the rotor-facing portion of the secondary seal 242) may be coupled to the slider flange 260 of the sealing stator 224. Additionally or alternatively, the secondary seal 242 may be coupled to the sealing slider 226. For example, the secondary seal 242 (such as the stator-facing portion of the secondary seal 242) may be coupled to the secondary sealing flange 262 of the sealing slider 226. As described herein, the secondary seal 242 may be configured to exhibit forward and backward displacement and / or compression and rebound, for example, under compressive and / or tensile loads suitable for the operation of the primary seal 230, such as under specific operating conditions of the rotating machine 200. Secondary seal 242 and / or one or more secondary sealing elements 246 may be configured to prevent or stop fluid from flowing through secondary seal 242, for example from inlet chamber 208 to outlet chamber 210.

[0089] In some embodiments, the secondary seal 242 and / or one or more of its secondary sealing elements 246 may be fluid-impermeable. Additionally or alternatively, the secondary seal 242 and / or one or more of its secondary sealing elements 246 may provide a fluid-impermeable seal, for example, at the interface with a portion of the sealing slider 226 (e.g., the secondary sealing flange 262) and / or at the interface with a portion of the sealing stator 224 (e.g., the slider flange 260). For example, the secondary seal 242 and / or one or more of its secondary sealing elements 246 may be coupled to the sealing slider 226, for example, at the stator-facing portion of the secondary seal 242 and / or one or more of its secondary sealing elements 246, such as to the secondary sealing flange 262. Additionally or alternatively, the secondary seal 242 and / or one or more of its secondary sealing elements 246 may be coupled to the sealing stator 224, for example, at the rotor-facing portion of the secondary seal 242 and / or one or more of its secondary sealing elements 246, such as to the slider flange 260. Secondary seal 242 and / or one or more secondary sealing elements 246 may be coupled to sealing stator 224 and / or sealing slider 226 by welding, brazing, attachment hardware, etc. Additionally or alternatively, secondary seal 242 and / or one or more secondary sealing elements 246 may be located in a recess or the like defined by sealing slider 226 (e.g., by secondary sealing flange 262), which provides a fluid-impermeable seal between them. Additionally or alternatively, secondary seal 242 and / or one or more secondary sealing elements 246 may be located in a recess or the like defined by sealing stator 224 (e.g., by slider flange 260), which provides a fluid-impermeable seal between them. In some embodiments, secondary seal 242 and / or one or more of its secondary sealing elements 246 may be fluid-permeable while appropriately preventing fluid flow through them, for example, from inlet chamber 208 to outlet chamber 210.

[0090] In some embodiments, secondary seal 242 and / or one or more secondary sealing elements 246 may be disposed within secondary sealing chamber 264. Secondary sealing chamber 264 may include a region at least partially defined and disposed therebetween by sealing stator 224 and sealing slider 226. Alternatively, secondary sealing chamber 264 may include a region at least partially defined and disposed therebetween by slider flange 260 and secondary sealing flange 262. Alternatively, secondary sealing chamber 264 may include a region at least partially defined and disposed therebetween by stator flange 258 and stator-facing extension 252. Secondary sealing chamber 264 may be in fluid communication with inlet chamber 208 and outlet chamber 210 on opposite sides of secondary seal 242 and / or one or more secondary sealing elements 246. Secondary seal 242 and / or one or more secondary sealing elements 246 may prevent or block fluid from flowing through secondary sealing chamber 264, for example from one side of secondary seal 242 and / or one or more secondary sealing elements 246 to the other.

[0091] In some embodiments, such as Figures 3A-3D As shown in 5A-5E, the sealing assembly 202 may include one or more bellows seals 300. One or more bellows seals 300 may define a secondary seal 242 and / or at least one of one or more secondary sealing elements 246 of the secondary seal 242. One or more bellows seals 300 may be fluid-impermeable. One or more bellows seals 300 may be coupled to a sealing slider 226, for example, coupled to a secondary sealing flange 262, in a manner that provides a fluid-impermeable seal and / or appropriately prevents fluid flow therebetween. Additionally or alternatively, one or more bellows seals 300 may be coupled to a sealing stator 224, for example, coupled to a slider flange 260, in a manner that provides a fluid-impermeable seal and / or appropriately prevents fluid flow therebetween. Additionally or alternatively, one or more bellows seals 300 may float relative to the sealing slider 226 (e.g., relative to the secondary sealing flange 262) and / or relative to the sealing stator 224 (e.g., relative to the slider flange 260).

[0092] An exemplary bellows seal 300 may include a plurality of convolutions 302. The plurality of convolutions 302 may be formed from a plurality of adjacent disc-shaped plates, which are fixed to each other in an alternating manner at adjacent inner and outer edges, for example by welding, brazing, etc. The plurality of convolutions 302 may include end fittings configured to interface with a sealing stator 224 and / or a sealing slider 226. The plurality of convolutions 302 and / or the plurality of disc-shaped plates of the bellows seal 300 may include profiles configured to influence constants, stroke lengths, off-axis stiffness, and / or fatigue resistance, such as corrugations, wrinkles, etc. The plurality of convolutions 302 and / or the plurality of disc-shaped plates may include one or more layers. The plurality of convolutions 302 may be of any desired size, such as material thickness, diameter, length, etc. For example, such dimensions of the plurality of convolutions 302 may be selected based on the needs of the bellows seal 300 and / or the sealing assembly 202. Additionally or alternatively, the plurality of swivel portions 302 may have varying thicknesses, diameters, and / or heights across at least a portion of the bellows seal 300, for example, to provide a bellows seal 300 with nonlinear stiffness. In some embodiments, the bellows seal 300 may have a tapered and / or curved cross-sectional profile. Additionally or alternatively, the plurality of swivel portions 302 may have varying thicknesses, for example, to provide a bellows seal with nonlinear stiffness. The construction and arrangement of the bellows seal 300 may be selected at least partially to provide, for example, a force constant with appropriate compression and rebound for operation of the primary seal 230 under specific operating conditions of the rotating machine 200. In some embodiments, the slider flange 260 and / or the secondary sealing flange 262 may respectively define end fittings of the bellows seal 300. Additionally or alternatively, the slider flange 260 and / or the secondary sealing flange 262 may be configured to interface with corresponding end fittings of the bellows seal 300.

[0093] Figure 3A A sealing assembly 202 including a bellows seal 300 is shown, wherein the sealing slider 226 is in the retracted position. Figure 3B A sealing assembly 202 including a bellows seal 300 is shown, wherein a sealing slider 226 is in an engaged position. In some embodiments, such as Figure 3A and 3BAs shown, a sealing assembly 202 including one or more bellows seals 300 can be configured and arranged such that the swivel portion 302 is at least partially compressed when the sealing slider 226 moves from the retracted position toward the engaged position. The swivel portion 302 can at least partially spring back when the sealing slider 226 moves from the engaged position toward the retracted position. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 including one or more bellows seals 300 can be configured and arranged such that the swivel portion 302 is at least partially compressed when the sealing slider 226 moves from the engaged position toward the retracted position. The swivel portion 302 can at least partially spring back when the sealing slider 226 moves from the retracted position toward the engaged position.

[0094] In some embodiments, such as Figures 4A-4D As shown, the sealing assembly 202 may include one or more finger seals 400. The one or more finger seals 400 may define at least one of the secondary seal 242 and / or one or more secondary sealing elements 246 of the secondary seal 242. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 4A and 4B As shown, one or more finger seals 400 may be coupled to the sealing slider 226. Additionally or alternatively, one or more finger seals 400 may be coupled to the secondary sealing flange 262. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, one or more finger seals 400 may be coupled to the sealing stator 224, for example, to the slider flange 260, as shown below. Figure 4C and 4D As shown. Finger seals 400 can be coupled to sealing assembly 202, for example by welding, brazing, attaching hardware, etc., to provide a fluid-impermeable seal and / or appropriately prevent fluid flow therebetween. Finger seals 400 may include multiple fingers 402, such as bristles, filaments, leaflets, etc. Multiple fingers 402 can be constructed and arranged in one or more layers and / or bundles.

[0095] The plurality of fingers 402 of the finger seal 400 may extend into the secondary sealing chamber 264. When the sealing slider 226 is positioned at least a portion of its range of motion, the plurality of fingers 402 of the finger seal 400 may be oriented toward and / or around the opposing wall of the secondary sealing chamber 264. As an example, Figure 4A A sealing assembly 202 including a finger seal 400 is shown, wherein the sealing slider 226 is in the retracted position. Figure 4BA sealing assembly 202 including finger seals 400 is shown, with a sealing slider 226 in an engaged position. The plurality of fingers 402 can suitably prevent fluid from flowing from one side of a secondary sealing chamber 264 to the other, for example, between corresponding fingers of the plurality of fingers 402 and / or between the plurality of fingers 402 and the opposing walls of the secondary sealing chamber 264.

[0096] In some embodiments, such as Figures 4A-4D As shown, a sealing assembly 202 including one or more finger seals 400 can be configured and arranged such that the finger seals 402 bend when the sealing slider 226 moves from the retracted position toward the engaged position. When the sealing slider 226 moves from the engaged position toward the retracted position, the finger seals 402 can at least partially spring back. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 including one or more finger seals 400 can be configured and arranged such that the finger seals 402 are at least partially compressed when the sealing slider 226 moves from the engaged position toward the retracted position. When the sealing slider 226 moves from the retracted position toward the engaged position, the finger seals 402 can at least partially spring back.

[0097] As an example, such as Figure 4A and 4B As shown, the finger seal 400 can be coupled to the sealing slider 226, and the fingers 402 of the finger seal 400 can be oriented toward the slider flange 260. When the sealing slider 226 moves between a retracted position and an engaged position, the fingers 402 can push against the slider flange 260 and can bend and spring back due to the force exerted by the slider flange 260 on the fingers 402. As another example, such as... Figure 4C As shown, the finger seal 400 can be coupled to the sealing stator 224, and the fingers 402 of the finger seal 400 can be oriented toward the secondary sealing flange 262. When the sealing slider 226 moves between the retracted position and the engaged position, the fingers 402 can push against the secondary sealing flange 262 and can bend and spring back due to the force exerted on the fingers by the secondary sealing flange 262. As another example, such as... Figure 4D As shown, the finger seal 400 can be coupled to the slider flange 260 of the sealing stator 224, and the fingers 402 of the finger seal 400 can be oriented toward the secondary sealing flange 262. When the sealing slider 226 moves between the retracted position and the engaged position, the fingers 402 can push against the secondary sealing flange 262 and can bend and spring back due to the force exerted on the fingers 402 by the secondary sealing flange 262.

[0098] refer to Figure 3A and 3B as well as Figures 4A-4DIn some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 may include one or more rebound dampers 266. The one or more rebound dampers 266 may be elastic within at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226. The one or more rebound dampers 266 may be configured to, for example, slow the rebound rate of the sealing slider 226 as it moves from an engaged position to a retracted position. The one or more rebound dampers 266 may have an annular configuration defined by one or more annular or semi-annular components. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing assembly 202 may include a plurality of rebound dampers 266 circumferentially spaced around one or more locations of the sealing assembly 202.

[0099] The construction and arrangement of one or more rebound dampers 266 can be selected, at least partially, to provide a force constant with appropriate compression and rebound for the operation of the primary seal 230, for example, under specific operating conditions of the rotating machine 200. In some embodiments, the rebound damper 266 can be configured as a bellows seal 300, such as... Figure 3A and 3B As shown. When the rebound damper 266 is configured as a bellows seal 300, the rebound damper 266 may include one or more features of the bellows seal 300 as described herein. In some embodiments, the rebound damper 266 may be configured as a damper, compression spring, etc., for example, as... Figure 3C and 3D as well as Figures 4A-4D As shown. The springback damper 266 can be constructed and arranged such that it is at least partially compressed when the sealing slider 226 moves from the engaged position toward the retracted position. When the sealing slider 226 moves from the retracted position toward the engaged position, the springback damper 266 can at least partially spring back. The springback damper 266 can be coupled to the sealing slider 226, for example, to the primary sealing body 248 of the sealing slider 226, such as... Figure 3A and 3B As shown. Additionally or alternatively, the springback damper 266 can be coupled to the stator flange 258, such as the slider flange 260, or, for example, as shown in the figure. Figure 3A and 3B As shown.

[0100] In some embodiments, one or more rebound dampers 266 may define a portion of the secondary seal 242. For example, at least one of the one or more secondary sealing elements 246 of the secondary seal 242 may include or be configured as a rebound damper 266. For example, one or more rebound dampers 266 may prevent or inhibit fluid from passing through them (e.g., from the secondary sealing chamber 264 to the outlet chamber 210) while allowing the sealing slider 226 to slide forward and backward relative to the sealing stator 224 and the sealing rotor 222, for example, between a retracted position and an engaged position, depending on the operating conditions of the rotating machine 200.

[0101] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3A and 3B As shown, the springback damper 266 can provide a fluid-impermeable seal, for example, at the interface with the sealing slider 226 (e.g., the primary sealing body 248) and / or at the interface with the sealing stator 224 (e.g., the slider flange 260). For example, the springback damper 266 can be coupled to the sealing slider 226, for example, to the primary sealing body 248, at the rotor-facing portion of the springback damper 266. Additionally or alternatively, the springback damper 266 can be coupled to the sealing stator 224, for example, to the slider flange 260, at the stator-facing portion of the springback damper 266. The springback damper 266 can be coupled to the sealing stator 224 and / or the sealing slider 226 by welding, brazing, attaching hardware, etc. Additionally or alternatively, the springback damper 266 can be located in a groove or the like defined by the sealing slider 226 (e.g., the primary sealing body 248), which provides a fluid-impermeable seal therebetween. Additionally or alternatively, the secondary seal 242 and / or one or more secondary sealing elements 246 may be located in a recess or the like defined by the sealing stator 224 (e.g., by the slider flange 260), which provides a fluid-impermeable seal therebetween.

[0102] In some embodiments, a rebound damper 266 configured as a buffer, compression spring, etc., can be coupled to the sealed stator 224, for example, to the slider flange 260 of the sealed stator, such as... Figure 3C and 3D as well as Figure 4A and 4B As shown. Alternatively or additionally, a rebound damper 266, configured as a buffer, compression spring, etc., can be connected to the sealing slider 226, for example, to the primary sealing body 248 connected to the sealing slider 226. Alternatively or additionally, for example, as... Figure 4C and 4DAs shown, a rebound damper 266, configured as a buffer, compression spring, etc., can be connected to the sealing slider 226, for example, to the secondary sealing flange 262 of the sealing slider 226. When the sealing slider 226 moves from the engaged position toward the retracted position, the rebound damper 266 connected to the secondary sealing flange 262 of the sealing slider 226 can be at least partially compressed due to the force acting on the rebound damper 266. As an example, the force acting on the rebound damper 266 can be at least partially generated by the stator 206 of the rotating machine 200 (e.g., the turbine center frame 214). Figure 2A As another example, the force acting on the rebound damper 266 can be at least partially exerted by the rotor 204 of the rotating machine 200 (e.g., the HP spool cone 212 and / or the inner extension 220). Figure 2B Apply.

[0103] Still referencing Figures 3A-3D , Figures 4A-4D and Figures 5A-5E In some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 may include a third-stage seal 268. The third-stage seal 268 may be located between the inlet chamber 208 and the secondary seal 242. The third-stage seal 268 may be coupled to the sealing stator 224 and / or the third-stage seal 268 may define a portion of the sealing stator 224. Additionally or alternatively, the third-stage seal may be coupled to the sealing slider 226 and / or the third-stage seal 268 may define a portion of the sealing slider 226. The third-stage seal 268 may define a third-stage sealing interface between the sealing stator 224 and the sealing slider 226. The third-stage sealing interface defined by the third-stage seal 268 may prevent fluid from flowing from the inlet chamber 208 to the secondary sealing chamber 264. Additionally or alternatively, the third-stage sealing interface defined by the third-stage seal 268 may prevent contaminants in the fluid from clogging or contaminating the secondary seal 242. For example, as... Figures 3A-3D and Figures 4A-4D As shown, the sealing interface defined by the third-stage seal 268 can be located between the stator flange 258 of the sealing stator 224 and the secondary sealing flange 262 of the sealing slider 226. Additionally or alternatively, for example, as... Figures 5A-5E As shown, the sealing interface defined by the third-level seal 268 can be located between the secondary sealing flange 262 of the sealing slider 226 and the slider flange 260 of the sealing stator 224.

[0104] In some embodiments, the third-stage seal 268 may be coupled to the sealing slider 226, for example, to the secondary sealing flange 262, such as... Figures 3A-3D and Figures 4A-4DAs shown. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the third-stage seal 268 may be coupled to the sealing stator 224, for example, to the slider flange 260, such as... Figures 5A-5E As shown. In some embodiments, the third-level seal 268 may include a brush seal, a finger seal, etc. Additionally or alternatively, the third-level seal 268 may include a labyrinth seal, a lip seal, etc. Additionally or alternatively, the third-level seal 268 may include an annular seal, such as a carbon annular seal or a graphite annular seal. In some embodiments, Figures 3A-3D and / or Figures 4A-4D The third-level seal 268 shown may include a brush seal, a finger seal, etc. Figures 3A-3D and / or Figures 4A-4D The third-level seal 268 shown may include flexible bristles, filaments, leaflets, fabric, screen, etc. In some embodiments, Figures 5A-5E The third-level seal 268 shown may include an annular seal, such as a carbon annular seal or a graphite annular seal. In some embodiments, the third-level seal 268 (e.g. Figures 5A-5E The third-stage seal 268 shown may support the sealing slider 226 across at least a portion of its range of motion, for example, to the stator-facing extension 252 of the sealing slider 226 and / or the secondary sealing flange 262. Additionally or alternatively, the third-stage seal 268 (e.g. Figures 5A-5E The third-level seal 268 shown can provide a contact and / or non-contact interface with the sealing slider 226, for example, under certain operating conditions of the rotating machine 200.

[0105] In some embodiments, the third-level seal 268 may prevent or inhibit the accumulation of debris within the secondary sealing element 246 and / or other portions of the sealing assembly 202. For example, for a secondary sealing element 246 including a bellows seal 300, the third-level seal 268 may prevent or inhibit the accumulation of debris between the plurality of swirls 302 of the bellows seal 300. As another example, for a secondary sealing element 246 including a finger seal 400, the third-level seal 268 may prevent or inhibit debris from passing through the plurality of fingers 402 of the finger seal 400, such as bristles, filaments, leaflets, etc. As an example, the third-level seal 268 may include, for example, flexible bristles, filaments, leaflets, fabric, mesh, etc., in multiple layers to allow air to pass through while preventing or inhibiting the passage of debris. Flexible bristles, filaments, leaflets, fabrics, screens, etc., can be arranged in multiple layers, for example to block or prevent direct axial flow through them, and to provide, for example, a swirling flow path through them.

[0106] like Figures 5A-5EAs shown, in some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 may include a sealing rotor 222, a sealing stator 224, and a sealing slider 226. As also shown, the sealing assembly 202 may include a primary seal 230, a secondary seal 242, and a tertiary seal 268. The primary seal 230 may include a suction surface seal, a fluid bearing, a gas bearing, etc. The primary seal 230 may be defined between the slider surface 232 and the rotor surface 234. The secondary seal 242 may include a bellows seal 300. The bellows seal 300 may be disposed between the sealing stator 224 and the sealing slider 226, for example, between the primary sealing body 248 of the sealing slider 226 and the slider flange 260 of the sealing slider 226. The tertiary seal 268 may include an annular seal, such as a carbon annular seal or a graphite annular seal.

[0107] In some embodiments, such as Figures 5A-5E As shown, the sealing slider 226 (e.g., the secondary sealing flange 262 of the sealing slider 226) can be configured to engage with the third-level seal 268 and / or with the sealing stator 224 (e.g., the slider flange 260 of the sealing stator 224) over at least a portion of its range of motion. The sealing slider 226 (e.g., the secondary sealing flange 262 of the sealing slider 226) can also be configured not to engage with the third-level seal 268 and / or with the sealing stator 224 (e.g., the slider flange 260 of the sealing stator 224) over at least a portion of its range of motion. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing slider 226 (e.g., the secondary sealing flange 262 of the sealing slider 226) can overlap with at least a portion of the sealing stator 224 and / or the third-level seal 268 over at least a portion of its range of motion. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing slider 226 (e.g., the secondary sealing flange 262 of the sealing slider 226) may be in a non-overlapping relationship with at least a portion of the third-level seal 268 and / or with at least a portion of the sealing stator 224 (e.g., with the slider flange 260 of the sealing stator 224) over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226. In some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 may be longitudinally separated over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226 between the secondary sealing flange 262 of the sealing slider 226 and a first rotor-facing wall 270 circumferentially adjacent to the secondary sealing flange 262 of the sealing slider 226. The first rotor-facing wall 270 may be defined by a portion of the sealing stator 224 and / or by a portion of the third-level seal 268. The longitudinal separation therebetween may define a secondary sealing chamber-inlet gap 272. The inlet chamber 208 may be in fluid communication with the secondary sealing chamber 264, for example, through the secondary sealing chamber-inlet gap 272.

[0108] In some embodiments, such as Figures 5A-5EAs shown, the secondary seal 242 may include a secondary sealing element 246 coupled to the sealing slider 226, such as the primary sealing body 248 coupled to the sealing slider 226. For example, the rotor-facing portion of the secondary sealing element 246 may be coupled to the sealing slider 226, such as the primary sealing body 248 coupled to the sealing slider 226. The secondary sealing element 246 may be separable from the sealing stator 224, such that the secondary sealing element 246 may float relative to the sealing stator 224 over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226. For example, the stator-facing portion of the secondary sealing element 246 may be separable from the sealing stator 224 and may float relative to the sealing stator 224. In some embodiments, the secondary sealing element 246 may include a bellows seal 300. The secondary sealing element 246 may be configured to engage with the sealing stator 224 over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226. The secondary sealing element 246 may be configured not to engage with the sealing stator 224 over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226. For example, the secondary sealing element 246 may be configured not to engage with the sealing stator 224 when the rotating machine 200 is operating at idle or otherwise has a low-power operating condition. Additionally or alternatively, the secondary sealing element 246 may overlap with at least a portion of the sealing stator 224 (e.g., with the stator flange 258 of the sealing stator 224) over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226. For example, the secondary sealing element 246 may be configured to overlap with the sealing stator 224 when the rotating machine 200 is operating under cruise conditions or otherwise has a medium-power or high-efficiency operating condition, and / or when the rotating machine 200 is at rated speed or otherwise has a high-power operating condition. Additionally or alternatively, for example, when the secondary sealing element 246 is disengaged from the sealing stator 224, the secondary sealing element 246 may be in a non-overlapping relationship with at least a portion of the sealing stator 224 (e.g., with the stator flange 258 of the sealing stator 224) over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226. In some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 may be longitudinally separated between the secondary sealing element 246 and the second rotor-facing wall 274. The second rotor-facing wall 274 may be defined by a portion of the sealing stator 224 (e.g., the stator flange 258) positioned circumferentially adjacent to the secondary sealing element 246. The longitudinal separation therebetween may define a secondary sealing chamber-outlet gap 276. The secondary sealing chamber 264 may be in fluid communication with the outlet chamber 210, for example, through the secondary sealing chamber-outlet gap 276.As an example, when the rotating machine 200 is operating at idle speed or otherwise has a low-power operating state, the secondary sealing element 246 may be in a non-overlapping relationship with at least a portion of the sealing stator 224, and / or the sealing assembly 202 may be longitudinally separated between the secondary sealing element 246 and the second rotor-facing wall 274. In some embodiments, such as when the rotating machine 200 is operating at idle speed or otherwise has a low-power operating state, the third-stage seal 268 may define a primary flow restriction of the sealing assembly 202 during at least some operating conditions of the rotating machine. For example, when the secondary sealing element 246 is not engaged with the sealing stator 224, when the secondary sealing element 246 is longitudinally separated between the secondary sealing element 246 and the second rotor-facing wall 274, and / or when the longitudinal separation between the secondary sealing element 246 and the second rotor-facing wall 274 defines a secondary sealing chamber-outlet gap 276, the third-stage seal 268 may define a primary flow restriction of the sealing assembly 202.

[0109] Still referencing Figures 5A-5E In some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 may include one or more rebound dampers 266. One or more rebound dampers may be disposed between the sealing stator 224 and the secondary sealing element 246. In some embodiments, the rebound damper 266 may define the secondary sealing element 246. The rebound damper 266 may be configured as a bellows seal 300. The rebound damper may be coupled to the sealing stator 224. The rebound damper 266 may be separated from the secondary sealing element 246 disposed adjacent to the rebound damper 266 (e.g., disposed between the rebound damper 266 and the primary sealing body 248 of the sealing slider 226). In some embodiments, the primary sealing element 246 (e.g., the rebound damper 266) may be coupled to the sealing stator 224, and the secondary sealing element 246 may be coupled to the sealing slider 226, for example, to the primary sealing body 248 of the sealing slider 226. The primary sealing element 246 may, for example, abut or contact the secondary sealing element 246 over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226. The primary sealing element 246 may be coupled to the secondary sealing element 246. Alternatively, the primary sealing element 246 may be disengaged from the secondary sealing element 246. Additionally or alternatively, the primary and secondary sealing elements 246 may be configured not to engage with each other over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226.

[0110] In some embodiments, the secondary seal 242 and / or its secondary sealing element 246 may include a central flange 278. The central flange 278 may be coupled to one or more secondary sealing elements 246. The central flange 278 may be disposed between adjacent secondary sealing elements 246. The central flange 278 may engage with a sealing stator 224. The central flange 278 may include a fourth-level seal 280. The fourth-level seal 280 may be coupled to the central flange 278 and / or the fourth-level seal 280 may define a portion of the central flange 278. The fourth-level seal 280 may define a fourth-level sealing interface with the sealing stator 224. The fourth-level sealing interface defined by the fourth-level seal 280 may prevent fluid from flowing from the secondary sealing chamber 264 to the outlet chamber 210. Additionally or alternatively, the fourth-level sealing interface defined by the fourth-level seal 280 may prevent contaminants in the fluid from clogging or contaminating the secondary seal 242 and / or entering the outlet chamber 210.

[0111] Still referencing Figures 5A-5E The location of one or more components of the sealing assembly 202 can be described with reference to radial axis 500. It should be understood that... Figures 3A-3D The sealing assembly shown in 4A-4D can also be described with reference to radial axis 500, and with reference to Figures 5A-5E The descriptions are provided as examples and are not restrictive. For example, such as Figure 5A As shown, for example, when the rotating machine 200 is in a stopped or non-operating state, the sealing assembly 202 can be in a neutral position. In the neutral position, the slider surface 232 of the primary sealing body 248 can disengage from the rotor surface 234 of the sealing rotor 222. The secondary seal 242 can be in a relaxed or preloaded state. When the secondary seal 242 includes a secondary sealing element 246 that is separated from the sealing stator 224 on the stator-facing side, this stator-facing side of the secondary sealing element 246 can abut or contact the sealing stator 224 and / or the rebound damper 266 disposed between the sealing stator 224 and the secondary sealing element 246. The stator-facing extension 252 of the sealing slider 226 can interface with the sealing stator 224 and / or with the third-stage seal 268 disposed between the sealing stator and the stator-facing extension 252. As an example, the sealing assembly 202 can be in a neutral position when the pressure difference between the inlet chamber 208 and the outlet chamber 210 is about 0 psi (e.g., about -5 psi to about 5 psi). As an example, in the neutral position, the distance between the slider face 232 and the rotor face 234 can be about 5 mm to about 15 mm, or, for example, about 8 mm to about 12 mm.

[0112] For example, such as Figure 5BAs shown, for example, when the rotating machine 200 is operating at idle speed or otherwise has a low-power operating state, the sealing assembly 202 can be in an idle position. In the idle position, the sealing slider 226 can move toward the sealing rotor 222 such that the slider surface 232 of the primary sealing body 248 engages with the rotor surface 234 of the sealing rotor 222, thereby defining a primary seal 230 with a non-contact interface, such as a suction face seal, fluid bearing, gas bearing, etc. The secondary seal 242 can be in a relaxed or preloaded state. When the secondary seal 242 includes a secondary sealing element 246 that is separated from the sealing stator 224 on the stator-facing side, this stator-facing side of the secondary sealing element 246 may not engage with the sealing stator 224 and / or the rebound damper 266 disposed between the sealing stator 224 and the secondary sealing element 246. Additionally or alternatively, as shown, the intermediate flange 278 and / or the fourth-stage seal 280 coupled to the intermediate flange may engage with the sealing stator 224, for example, with the stator flange 258 of the sealing stator 224. The stator-facing extension 252 of the sealing slider 226 may engage with the sealing stator 224 and / or with a third-stage seal 268 disposed between the sealing stator and the stator-facing extension 252. As an example, the sealing assembly 202 may present an idle position when the pressure difference between the inlet chamber 208 and the outlet chamber 210 is about 1 psi to about 20 psi (e.g., about 1 psi to about 10 psi, or about 5 psi to about 15 psi, or about 10 psi to about 20 psi). As an example, in the idle position, the sealing slider 226 may move a distance of about 5 mm to about 15 mm toward the sealing rotor 222 and / or away from the sealing stator 224, or for example, a distance of about 8 mm to about 12 mm. As an example, in the idle position, the distance between the slider surface 232 and the rotor surface 234 can be from about 10 micrometers (μm) to about 100 μm, for example from about 25 μm to about 75 μm, or for example from about 40 μm to about 60 μm.

[0113] For example, such as Figure 5CAs shown, for example, when the rotating machine 200 operates at rated speed or otherwise has a high-power operating state, the sealing assembly 202 can present a rated speed position. In the rated speed position, the sealing rotor 222 can move toward the sealing stator 224 and / or the sealing slider 226, thereby forcing the sealing slider 226 to move toward the sealing stator 224 relative to its position in the idle position. When the secondary seal 242 includes a secondary sealing element 246 separated from the sealing stator 224 on its stator-facing side, this stator-facing side of the secondary sealing element 246 can abut or contact the sealing stator 224 and / or the rebound damper 266 disposed between the sealing stator 224 and the secondary sealing element 246. Additionally or alternatively, the secondary sealing element 246 and / or the rebound damper 266 can be at least partially compressed, for example, under a force at least partially exerted by the sealing rotor 222 on the sealing slider 226. The slider face 232 of the primary seal body 248 can engage with the rotor face 234 of the seal rotor 222, thereby defining a primary seal 230 with a non-contact interface, such as a suction face seal, fluid bearing, gas bearing, etc. The stator-facing extension 252 of the seal slider 226 can interface with the seal stator 224 and / or with the tertiary seal 268. As an example, the seal assembly 202 can present a rated speed position when the pressure difference between the inlet chamber 208 and the outlet chamber 210 is about 40 psi to about 100 psi (e.g., about 50 psi to about 90 psi, or about 75 psi to about 85 psi). As an example, in the rated speed position, the seal rotor 222 can move toward the seal slider 226 and / or the seal stator 224, and the seal slider 226 can move toward the seal stator 224 by a distance of about 2 mm to about 10 mm, or, for example, about 4 mm to about 8 mm. As an example, at the rated speed position, the distance between the slider surface 232 and the rotor surface 234 can be from about 10 μm to about 100 μm, for example from about 25 μm to about 75 μm, or for example from about 40 μm to about 60 μm.

[0114] For example, such as Figure 5DAs shown, for example, when the rotating machine 200 operates under cruise operating conditions or otherwise has a medium-power or high-efficiency operating state, the sealing assembly 202 can present a cruise position. In the cruise position, the sealing rotor 222 can move away from the sealing stator 224, thereby allowing the sealing slider 226 to move away from the sealing stator 224 relative to its position at the rated speed position. When the secondary seal 242 includes a secondary sealing element 246 that is separated from the sealing stator 224 on the stator-facing side, this stator-facing side of the secondary sealing element 246 can disengage from the sealing stator 224 and / or the rebound damper 266 disposed between the sealing stator 224 and the secondary sealing element 246. Additionally or alternatively, as shown, the intermediate flange 278 and / or the fourth-stage seal 280 coupled to the intermediate flange can engage with the sealing stator 224 (e.g., with the stator flange 258 of the sealing stator 224). The slider face 232 of the primary seal body 248 can engage with the rotor face 234 of the seal rotor 222, thereby defining a primary seal 230 with a non-contact interface, such as a suction face seal, fluid bearing, gas bearing, etc. The stator-facing extension 252 of the seal slider 226 can interface with the seal stator 224 and / or with the tertiary seal 268. As an example, the seal assembly 202 can present a cruise position when the pressure difference between the inlet chamber 208 and the outlet chamber 210 is about 15 psi to about 60 psi (e.g., about 20 psi to about 40 psi, or about 25 psi to about 35 psi). As an example, in the cruise position, the seal rotor 222 can retract from the seal stator 224 such that the seal rotor 222 remains moved toward the seal stator 224 by a distance of about 1 mm to about 6 mm, for example, about 2 mm to about 4 mm. As an example, at the rated speed position, the distance between the slider surface 232 and the rotor surface 234 can be from about 10 μm to about 100 μm, for example from about 25 μm to about 75 μm, or for example from about 40 μm to about 60 μm.

[0115] For example, Figure 5EAs shown, for example, when the rotating machine 200 encounters abnormal conditions (such as a sudden change in operating conditions, overpower conditions, etc.), the sealing assembly 202 can present a released position. In the released position, the sealing rotor 222 can move away from the sealing stator 224, for example, in a negative direction relative to the radial axis 500, thereby allowing the sealing slider 226 to move away from the sealing stator 224 relative to its position in the cruise position. When the secondary seal 242 includes a secondary sealing element 246 that is separated from the sealing stator 224 on its stator-facing side, this stator-facing side of the secondary sealing element 246 can remain disengaged from the sealing stator 224 and / or the rebound damper 266 disposed between the sealing stator 224 and the secondary sealing element 246. In some embodiments, the stator-facing extension 252 of the sealing slider 226 can disengage from the sealing stator 224 and / or the third-stage seal 268, for example, by providing a secondary sealing chamber-inlet gap 272. Additionally or alternatively, the intermediate flange 278 and / or the fourth-stage seal 280 coupled to the intermediate flange may disengage from the sealing stator 224 (e.g., the stator flange 258 of the sealing stator 224), for example, providing a secondary sealing chamber-outlet gap 276. Fluid communication between the inlet chamber 208 and the secondary sealing chamber 264 and / or between the secondary sealing chamber 264 and the outlet chamber 210 may allow for at least partial balancing of the pressure differential. Additionally or alternatively, this fluid communication may mitigate forces acting on the primary seal 230, for example, protecting the primary seal from damage or excessive wear. When the sealing assembly 202 is in the released position, the slider face 232 of the primary seal body 248 may remain engaged with the rotor face 234 of the sealing rotor 222, continuing to define the primary seal 230 with a non-contact interface, such as a suction face seal, fluid bearing, gas bearing, etc. As an example, when the pressure difference between the inlet chamber 208 and the outlet chamber 210 is about 60 psi to about 120 psi (e.g., about 80 psi to about 100 psi), the sealing assembly 202 can be in a released position. As an example, in the released position, the sealing rotor 222 can retract from the sealing stator 224 such that the sealing rotor 222 moves a distance of about 1 mm to about 10 mm across the radial axis 500, for example, about 2 mm to about 5 mm, or for example, about 5 mm to about 10 mm. As an example, in the rated speed position, the distance between the slider face 232 and the rotor face 234 can be about 10 μm to about 100 μm, for example, about 25 μm to about 75 μm, or for example, about 40 μm to about 60 μm.

[0116] It should be understood that Figures 3A-3DThe sealing assembly 202 shown in 4A-4D and 5A-5E is provided by way of example and not as a limitation, and various features of the sealing assembly 202 described herein may be interchanged and / or substituted. In some embodiments, the secondary seal 242 may include one or more bellows seals 300 and one or more finger seals 400. For example, Figures 3A-3D The embodiments shown in 5A-5E may include finger seals 400 in addition to the one or more bellows seals 300 shown. As another example, Figures 4A-4D The embodiments shown may include one or more bellows seals 300 in addition to the one or more finger seals 400 shown. The one or more bellows seals 300 and the one or more finger seals 400 may each define a secondary sealing element 246. For example, although... Figure 3C A plurality of secondary sealing elements 246 (e.g., a plurality of bellows seals 300) arranged in series are shown, but it should be understood that the sealing assembly 202 may additionally or alternatively include one or more bellows seals 300 and one or more finger seals 400 arranged in series. In some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 including the bellows seals 300 and finger seals 400 arranged in series may have a shorter axial length, which may allow the sealing assembly 202 to be fitted within a relatively small area of ​​the rotating machine 200. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing assembly 202 including the bellows seals 300 and finger seals 400 arranged in series may allow the secondary sealing elements 246 to present a variable force constant, for example, between the bellows seals 300 and the finger seals 400, providing a variable force constant suitable for a particular embodiment of the sealing assembly 202 over at least a portion of the range of motion of the secondary sealing elements 246.

[0117] As another example, although Figure 3DA plurality of secondary sealing elements 246 (e.g., a plurality of bellows seals 300) arranged in parallel are shown; however, it should be understood that the sealing assembly 202 may additionally or alternatively include one or more bellows seals 300 and one or more finger seals 400 arranged in parallel. The plurality of secondary sealing elements 246 may have the same force constant or different force constants. In some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 having a plurality of parallel-arranged secondary sealing elements 246 may have a shorter axial length, which may allow the sealing assembly 202 to be fitted within a relatively small area of ​​the rotating machine 200. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing assembly 202 having a plurality of parallel-arranged secondary sealing elements 246 may allow for a relatively short axial length and / or a relatively low force constant, but together provide secondary sealing elements 246 (e.g., bellows seals 300 and / or finger seals 400) with a relatively high force constant suitable for a particular embodiment of the sealing assembly 202.

[0118] Now for reference Figures 6A-6F The exemplary primary seal 230 is further described. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 6A and 6B As shown, the sealing slider 226 may include a plurality of slider suction conduits 238 configured to supply fluid to the primary seal 230. Additionally or alternatively, the sealing rotor 222 may include a plurality of rotor suction conduits 240 configured to supply fluid to the primary seal 230. Figure 6B As shown, the slider surface 232 may include a plurality of suction channels 282 configured to distribute fluid (e.g., fluid from the slider suction conduit 238 and / or fluid from the rotor suction conduit 240) around the primary seal 230. In some embodiments, such as Figure 6A As shown, rotor surface 234 can be configured without suction channels 282. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 6C and 6D As shown, the sealing slider 226 may include a plurality of slider suction conduits 238 configured to supply fluid to the primary seal 230, and the sealing rotor 222 may include a plurality of suction channels 282 configured to distribute fluid (e.g., fluid from the slider suction conduits 238) around the primary seal 230. In some embodiments, such as Figure 6D As shown, the slider surface 232 can be configured to have no suction channel 282. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 6E and 6FAs shown, the sealing assembly 202 may include a sealing rotor 222, which includes a plurality of rotor suction conduits 240 configured to supply fluid to the primary seal 230. The sealing rotor 222 may include a plurality of suction channels 282 configured to distribute fluid (e.g., fluid from the rotor suction conduits 240) around the primary seal 230. In some embodiments, the sealing assembly 202 may include a sealing slider 226 configured to have no slider suction conduit 238. It should be understood that... Figures 6A-6F The primary seal 230 shown is provided by way of example and is not limiting. In some embodiments, the sealing assembly may include multiple primary seals 230, such as multiple suction face seals, fluid bearings, gas bearings, etc. The multiple primary seals 230 may be arranged in series or in parallel.

[0119] Now for reference Figure 7 An exemplary method for operating a rotating machine 200 (such as a turbine engine 100) is described. Figure 7 As shown, exemplary method 700 may include moving a sealing slider 226 relative to a sealing rotor 222 at block 702. The sealing slider 226 may include a slider face 232, and the sealing rotor 222 may include a rotor face 234. The sealing slider 226 may be slidably coupled to a sealing stator 224. The sealing slider 226 may be configured to slidably engage and retract the slider face 232 relative to the rotor face 234. The slider face 232 and the rotor face 234 may define a primary seal 230. Exemplary method 700 may include, at block 704, compressing and rebounding a secondary seal 242 over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226, and / or expanding and rebounding the secondary seal 242 over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider 226. The secondary seal 242 may be disposed between the sealing slider 226 and the sealing stator 224. Exemplary method 700 may include, at block 706, supplying fluid to the primary seal 230 through a plurality of suction conduits 236. Fluid can flow from the inlet chamber 208 to the primary seal 230 through the suction conduit 236. Fluid from the primary seal 230 can be discharged to the outlet chamber 210. The secondary seal 242 may be fluid-impermeable. Additionally or alternatively, the secondary seal 242 may provide a fluid-impermeable seal, for example, at the interface with a portion of the sealing slider 226 and / or at the interface with a portion of the sealing stator 224.

[0120] Therefore, the currently disclosed sealing assembly 202 can be implemented in any desired rotating machine 200 (e.g., turbine engine 100), thereby allowing the rotating machine 200 to operate according to methods including providing smooth responsive movement of the sealing slider 226 (including, for example, an improved response to power caused by transient operating conditions of the rotating machine 200 and / or abnormal movement of the rotor 204). Exemplary methods of operating the rotating machine 200 may include moving the sealing slider 226 to provide improved positioning of the slider face 232 relative to the rotor face 234, for example, with an enhanced range of motion of the sealing slider 226, and / or improved responsiveness to transient operating conditions and / or abnormal movement of the rotor 204. The currently disclosed sealing assembly 202 can operate effectively under a wider range of operating conditions and / or with improved operating performance, including improved sealing performance of the sealing assembly 202 and / or improved performance of the rotating machine 200. Additionally or alternatively, the currently disclosed sealing assembly 202 can operate with a lower probability of contact between the slider surface 232 and the rotor surface 234 during transient conditions, thereby improving the durability and / or service life of the sealing assembly 202, the rotor 204 and / or related components of the rotating machine 200.

[0121] Further aspects of the currently disclosed topic are provided by the following clauses:

[0122] A sealing assembly for a rotating machine, the sealing assembly comprising: a sealing rotor including a rotor face; a sealing slider including a slider face; a sealing stator wherein the sealing slider is slidably coupled to the sealing stator and wherein the sealing slider is configured to slidably engage and retract the slider face relative to the rotor face, the slider face and the rotor face defining a primary seal; and a secondary seal disposed between the sealing slider and the sealing stator, the secondary seal being configured to compress and spring back and / or expand and spring back over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider.

[0123] According to any of the preceding clauses, the sealing assembly includes a primary sealing body and a stator-facing extension, the primary sealing body defining the slider surface, and the sealing slider being slidably coupled to the sealing stator at least at the stator-facing extension.

[0124] The sealing assembly according to any of the foregoing clauses, wherein the sealing slider includes an extension facing the rotor.

[0125] According to any of the foregoing clauses, the sealing assembly includes a secondary sealing flange, and the secondary seal is coupled to the secondary sealing flange.

[0126] The sealing assembly according to any of the foregoing clauses, wherein the sealing stator includes a slider flange, and wherein the secondary seal is coupled to the slider flange.

[0127] According to any of the foregoing clauses, the sealing assembly wherein the sealing slider is slidably coupled to the sealing stator at least at the slider flange.

[0128] The sealing assembly according to any of the foregoing clauses, wherein the secondary seal comprises a bellows seal, wherein the bellows seal is coupled to at least one of the following: the sealing slider and the sealing stator.

[0129] The sealing assembly according to any of the foregoing clauses, wherein the secondary seal includes a finger seal, wherein the finger seal is coupled to at least one of the following: the sealing slider and the sealing stator.

[0130] The sealing assembly according to any of the foregoing clauses includes: one or more rebound dampers, said one or more rebound dampers being respectively connected to at least one of: the sealing slider and the sealing stator.

[0131] The sealing assembly according to any of the foregoing clauses includes: a third-level seal, wherein the third-level seal defines a third-level sealing interface between the sealing stator and the sealing slider.

[0132] The sealing assembly according to any of the foregoing clauses, wherein the third-level seal comprises at least one of the following: a brush seal, a finger seal, a labyrinth seal, a lip seal, and an annular seal.

[0133] According to any of the foregoing clauses, the sealing assembly wherein the secondary seal includes a secondary sealing element comprising a stator-facing portion connected to the sealing slider and a rotor-facing portion connected to the sealing stator.

[0134] According to any of the preceding clauses, the sealing assembly includes a secondary sealing element coupled to the sealing slider at the rotor-facing portion of the secondary sealing element, wherein the stator-facing portion of the secondary sealing element is separate from the sealing stator.

[0135] The sealing assembly according to any of the foregoing clauses, wherein the secondary seal comprises one or more secondary sealing elements, and an intermediate flange disposed between a first secondary sealing element and a second secondary sealing element among the one or more secondary sealing elements.

[0136] According to any of the preceding clauses, the sealing assembly wherein the intermediate flange includes a fourth-level seal configured to define a fourth-level sealing interface with the sealing stator.

[0137] The sealing assembly according to any of the foregoing clauses, wherein the secondary seal comprises a primary sealing element and a secondary sealing element, the primary sealing element comprising a bellows seal and the secondary sealing element comprising a finger seal.

[0138] The sealing assembly according to any of the foregoing clauses includes a plurality of suction conduits configured to supply fluid to the primary seal.

[0139] The sealing assembly according to any of the foregoing clauses, wherein the plurality of suction conduits includes at least one of the following: a plurality of slider suction conduits defined by the integral structure of the sealing slider, and a plurality of rotor suction conduits defined by the integral structure of the sealing rotor.

[0140] The sealing assembly according to any of the foregoing clauses, wherein the rotating machine includes a turbine engine.

[0141] A rotating machine includes: a rotor; and a sealing assembly disposed adjacent to the rotor, the sealing assembly including: a sealing rotor including a rotor face; a sealing slider including a slider face; a sealing stator, wherein the sealing slider is slidably coupled to the sealing stator, and wherein the sealing slider is configured to slidably engage and retract the slider face relative to the rotor face, the slider face and the rotor face defining a primary seal; and a secondary seal disposed between the sealing slider and the sealing stator, the secondary seal being configured to compress and spring back and / or expand and spring back over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider.

[0142] The rotating machine according to any of the foregoing clauses, wherein the rotating machine includes a turbine engine.

[0143] A method of operating a turbine engine, the method comprising: moving a sealing slider relative to a sealing rotor, the sealing slider including a slider face and the sealing rotor including a rotor face, wherein the sealing slider is slidably coupled to a sealing stator, wherein the sealing slider is configured to slidably engage and retract the slider face relative to the rotor face, the slider face and the rotor face defining a primary seal; and compressing and rebounding a secondary seal and / or expanding and rebounding the secondary seal over at least a portion of a range of motion of the sealing slider, wherein the secondary seal is disposed between the sealing slider and the sealing stator.

[0144] The method according to any of the foregoing clauses includes: supplying fluid to the primary seal through a plurality of suction conduits.

[0145] The method according to any of the foregoing clauses, wherein the rotating machine includes a turbine engine.

[0146] The method according to any of the foregoing clauses, wherein the method is performed using a sealing assembly according to any of the foregoing clauses, and / or wherein the method is performed using a rotating machine according to any of the foregoing clauses.

[0147] This written description uses exemplary embodiments to describe the subject matter currently disclosed, including best practices, and also enables any person skilled in the art to practice such subject matter, including making and using any apparatus or system and methods of making any combination. The patent scope of the subject matter currently disclosed is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that would occur to a person skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to fall within the scope of the claims if they include structural elements that are not indistinguishable from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements that are not substantially different from the literal language of the claims.

Claims

1. A sealing assembly for a rotating machine, characterized in that, The sealing assembly includes: A sealed rotor, the sealed rotor including a rotor surface; A sealing slider, the sealing slider including a slider surface; A sealing stator, wherein a sealing slider is slidably coupled to the sealing stator, and wherein the sealing slider is configured to slidably engage and retract relative to a rotor face, the slider face and the rotor face defining a primary seal; and A secondary seal is disposed between the sealing slider and the sealing stator, the secondary seal being configured to compress and rebound and / or expand and rebound over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider. The secondary seal includes a secondary sealing element, which is connected to the sealing slider at the rotor-facing portion of the secondary sealing element, wherein the stator-facing portion of the secondary sealing element is separate from the sealing stator.

2. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The sealing slider includes a primary sealing body and a stator-facing extension, the primary sealing body defining the slider surface, and the sealing slider being slidably connected to the sealing stator at least at the stator-facing extension.

3. The sealing assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, in, The sealing slider includes an extension facing the rotor.

4. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The sealing slider includes a secondary sealing flange, and the secondary seal is coupled to the secondary sealing flange.

5. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The sealing stator includes a slider flange, and the secondary seal is coupled to the slider flange.

6. The sealing assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, in, The sealing slider is slidably connected to the sealing stator at least at the slider flange.

7. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The secondary seal includes a bellows seal, wherein the bellows seal is coupled to at least one of the following: the sealing slider and the sealing stator.

8. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The secondary seal includes a finger seal, wherein the finger seal is coupled to at least one of the following: the sealing slider and the sealing stator.

9. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: One or more rebound dampers, the one or more rebound dampers being respectively connected to at least one of the following: the sealing slider and the sealing stator.

10. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: A third-level seal, wherein the third-level seal defines a third-level sealing interface between the sealing stator and the sealing slider.

11. The sealing assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that, in, The third-level seal includes at least one of the following: a brush seal, a finger seal, a labyrinth seal, a lip seal, and an annular seal.

12. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The secondary seal includes a secondary sealing element, which includes a stator-facing portion connected to the sealing slider and a rotor-facing portion connected to the sealing stator.

13. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The secondary seal includes one or more secondary sealing elements, and an intermediate flange disposed between a first secondary sealing element and a second secondary sealing element among the one or more secondary sealing elements.

14. The sealing assembly according to claim 13, characterized in that, in, The intermediate flange includes a fourth-level seal, which is configured to define a fourth-level sealing interface with the sealing stator.

15. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The secondary seal includes a primary sealing element and a secondary sealing element. The primary sealing element includes a bellows seal, and the secondary sealing element includes a finger seal.

16. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The sealing assembly includes a plurality of suction conduits configured to supply fluid to the primary seal.

17. The sealing assembly according to claim 16, characterized in that, in, The plurality of suction conduits includes at least one of the following: a plurality of slider suction conduits defined by the integral structure of the sealing slider, and a plurality of rotor suction conduits defined by the integral structure of the sealing rotor.

18. A turbine engine, characterized in that, include: Rotor; as well as A sealing assembly, configured adjacent to the rotor, includes: A sealed rotor, the sealed rotor including a rotor surface; A sealing slider, the sealing slider including a slider surface; A sealing stator, wherein a sealing slider is slidably coupled to the sealing stator, and wherein the sealing slider is configured to slidably engage and retract relative to a rotor face, the slider face and the rotor face defining a primary seal; and A secondary seal is disposed between the sealing slider and the sealing stator, the secondary seal being configured to compress and rebound and / or expand and rebound over at least a portion of the range of motion of the sealing slider. The secondary seal includes a secondary sealing element, which is connected to the sealing slider at the rotor-facing portion of the secondary sealing element, wherein the stator-facing portion of the secondary sealing element is separate from the sealing stator.

19. A method for operating a turbine engine, characterized in that, The method includes: The sealing slider moves relative to the sealing rotor, the sealing slider including a slider face and the sealing rotor including a rotor face, wherein the sealing slider is slidably coupled to the sealing stator, wherein the sealing slider is configured to slidably engage and retract the slider face relative to the rotor face, the slider face and the rotor face defining a primary seal; and The secondary seal is compressed and rebounded and / or expanded and rebounded over at least a portion of the travel range of the sealing slider, wherein the secondary seal is disposed between the sealing slider and the sealing stator. The secondary seal includes a secondary sealing element, which is connected to the sealing slider at the rotor-facing portion of the secondary sealing element, wherein the stator-facing portion of the secondary sealing element is separate from the sealing stator.

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