Excavator main valve, excavator hydraulic system and excavator

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of excavators and discloses an excavator main valve, an excavator hydraulic system and an excavator. The excavator main valve comprises a multi-way valve group, a first multi-way valve provided with a first oil inlet and a second multi-way valve provided with a second oil inlet, the first multi-way valve comprises a breaker hammer valve plate, the second multi-way valve is provided with an internal bypass oil path leading out from the second oil inlet; and an external breaker valve connected with the internal bypass oil path and used for controlling the conduction of pressure oil of the internal bypass oil path and driving the breaker hammer of the excavator to work. The excavator hydraulic system comprises the excavator main valve, a first main pump used for pumping oil towards the first oil inlet of the multi-way valve group, a second main pump used for pumping oil towards the second oil inlet of the multi-way valve group and a breaker hammer connected to the breaker hammer valve plate and the external breaker valve through oil paths respectively. The external breaker valve is small in size and can be bolted to the multi-way valve group, so that the main valve is small in size, the pipeline arrangement is convenient and the oil supply mode is diversified, and the flexibility of the breaker control is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of excavators, specifically, it relates to an excavator and its hydraulic system and main valve. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional excavator breaker control systems, such as Figure 1 As shown, a hydraulic breaker operates using hydraulic energy provided by the excavator's hydraulic system. The energy output from the main pump is transmitted to the breaker via the main valve, driving its operation. Traditional hydraulic breaker control systems typically use one main pump for control and another as an auxiliary pump; however, the auxiliary pump cannot control the hydraulic breaker independently. Using a single pump results in higher breaking efficiency, but also reduces pump lifespan. Using two pumps leads to significant energy loss.

[0003] For large hydraulic breakers, there are also products available. Figure 2 The crushing control system shown includes a first main pump 5, a second main pump 6, and a main valve 7, requiring an additional crushing control valve 8. Considering that large hydraulic breakers generally require large flow rates and high pressures, the crushing control valve 8 is inherently large and externally mounted on the side of the main valve 7, occupying significant space, complicating piping layout, and significantly increasing costs. An external crushing control system is both bulky and difficult to install. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an excavator main valve, an excavator hydraulic system, and an excavator, which diversifies the oil supply methods and improves the flexibility of crushing control.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of this application, an excavator main valve is provided, comprising:

[0006] A multi-way valve assembly includes a first multi-way valve with a first oil inlet and a second multi-way valve with a second oil inlet. The first multi-way valve includes a breaker valve plate, and the second multi-way valve has an internal bypass oil passage leading out from the second oil inlet.

[0007] An external breaker valve is connected to the internal bypass oil circuit and is used to control the flow of pressure oil in the internal bypass oil circuit and drive the excavator's breaker hammer to work.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first multi-way valve includes a plurality of first working valve plates and a first main oil supply circuit that is sequentially connected to each of the first working valve plates from the first oil inlet; the second multi-way valve includes a plurality of second working valve plates and a second main oil supply circuit that is sequentially connected to each of the second working valve plates from the second oil inlet; the internal bypass oil circuit is arranged in parallel with the second main oil supply circuit.

[0009] The second working valve plate includes a breaking combined valve for controlling the flow of pressure oil of the second main oil supply path to the breaking hammer valve plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the excavator main valve includes:

[0011] A controller for controlling the breaking hammer valve plate, the external breaking valve and the breaking combined valve respectively, and configured to:

[0012] In the first working mode, the controller controls the breaking hammer valve plate to be opened alone, so that the pressure oil of the first main oil supply path is conducted and drives the breaking hammer to work;

[0013] In the second working mode, the controller controls the external breaking valve to be opened alone, so that the pressure oil of the internal bypass oil path is conducted and drives the breaking hammer to work;

[0014] In the third working mode, the controller controls the breaking hammer valve plate and the external breaking valve to be opened together, so that the pressure oil of the first main oil supply path and the internal bypass oil path jointly drives the breaking hammer to work.

[0015] In some embodiments, the controller is further configured to:

[0016] In the fourth working mode, the controller controls the breaking hammer valve plate and the external breaking valve to be opened alternately, so that the pressure oil of the first main oil supply path and the pressure oil of the internal bypass oil path alternately drives the breaking hammer to work.

[0017] In some embodiments, in the fourth working mode, the controller is further configured to repeatedly cycle the following control steps:

[0018] Control to open the breaking hammer valve plate and close the external breaking valve;

[0019] for a first time interval T1;

[0020] Control to open the external breaking valve and close the breaking hammer valve plate;

[0021] for a second time interval T2.

[0022] In some embodiments, the breaking hammer valve plate, the external breaking valve and the breaking combined valve are all hydraulic pilot directional control valves, and the excavator main valve includes:

[0023] The pilot valve group comprises a first pilot on-off valve, a second pilot on-off valve and a third pilot on-off valve arranged in parallel, the first pilot on-off valve is connected with the control oil port of the external crushing valve through a first pilot control oil path, the second pilot on-off valve is connected with the control oil port of the crushing hammer valve through a second pilot control oil path, and the third pilot on-off valve is connected with the control oil port of the crushing merging valve through a third pilot control oil path;

[0024] The controller is further configured to switch control the first pilot on-off valve, the second pilot on-off valve and the third pilot on-off valve respectively.

[0025] In some embodiments, the crushing hammer valve, the external crushing valve and the crushing merging valve are all electromagnetic reversing valves.

[0026] In some embodiments, the external crushing valve comprises:

[0027] The cartridge valve is connected with the internal bypass oil path through a first main oil port and connected with the crushing hammer through a second main oil port.

[0028] The reversing control valve comprises a first side working oil port connected with the control cavity of the cartridge valve and a second side working oil port and a control valve return oil port connected with the spool cavity of the cartridge valve on the other side.

[0029] The reversing control valve is configured to switch the first side working oil port to be connected with the second side working oil port or the control valve return oil port.

[0030] In some embodiments, the cartridge valve is a cone valve, and / or the second main oil port of the cartridge valve is provided with a one-way valve configured to enable the pressure oil to flow from the spool cavity of the cartridge valve to the crushing hammer and be blocked in the reverse direction.

[0031] According to a second aspect of the present application, a hydraulic system of an excavator is provided, comprising:

[0032] The excavator main valve described above;

[0033] A first main pump configured to pump oil towards a first oil inlet of the multi-way valve group.

[0034] A second main pump configured to pump oil towards a second oil inlet of the multi-way valve group.

[0035] A crushing hammer connected with the crushing hammer valve and the external crushing valve through oil paths respectively.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first main pump and the second main pump are both proportional variable pumps.

[0037] According to a third aspect of this application, an excavator is provided, the excavator including the excavator hydraulic system described above.

[0038] In some embodiments, the excavator has a rated tonnage of not less than 50t.

[0039] In this application, an external breaker valve for controlling the hydraulic breaker is added to the outside of the excavator's multi-way valve assembly. This valve can be bolted to the multi-way valve assembly. The main valve is small in size, and the piping layout is convenient. Simultaneously, an internal bypass oil circuit is added within the multi-way valve assembly. The external breaker valve is connected to this internal bypass oil circuit. Pressurized oil can flow to the hydraulic breaker via the first inlet and the breaker valve plate, or via the second inlet, the internal bypass oil circuit, and the external breaker valve, providing more flexible oil supply. Furthermore, dual pumps can alternately supply oil, improving the flexibility of breaker control and extending pump lifespan.

[0040] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of this application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 This is a hydraulic schematic diagram of an excavator hydraulic system in the prior art;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a hydraulic schematic diagram of another excavator hydraulic system in the prior art;

[0044] Figure 3 The present invention provides a hydraulic schematic diagram of the main valve of an excavator according to a specific embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 4 For adopted Figure 3 Hydraulic schematic diagram of the excavator's main valve and hydraulic system; and

[0046] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Hydraulic schematic diagram of the external crushing valve in the system.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0048] 1. First multi-way valve 2. Second multi-way valve

[0049] 3 External crushing valve 4 Pilot valve assembly

[0050] 5 First main pump 6 Second main pump

[0051] 7 Main valve 8 Crushing control valve

[0052] 10 Controller 11 Hydraulic Breaker Valve Plate

[0053] 21. Broken confluence valve; 31. Cartridge valve

[0054] 32 Reversing control valve 100 Hydraulic breaker

[0055] P1 First oil inlet; P2 Second oil inlet

[0056] P3 Third oil outlet L1 First main oil supply circuit

[0057] L2 Second Main Oil Supply Circuit, L3 Internal Bypass Oil Circuit Detailed Implementation

[0058] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0059] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes the excavator main valve, the excavator hydraulic system, and the excavator according to this application.

[0060] This application discloses a novel excavator main valve. For example... Figure 3 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the excavator main valve includes:

[0061] A multi-way valve assembly includes a first multi-way valve 1 with a first oil inlet P1 and a second multi-way valve 2 with a second oil inlet P2. The first multi-way valve 1 includes a breaker valve plate 11, and the second multi-way valve 2 is provided with an internal bypass oil passage L3 led out from the second oil inlet P2.

[0062] The external breaker valve 3 is connected to the internal bypass oil circuit L3 and is used to control the flow of pressure oil in the internal bypass oil circuit L3 and drive the excavator's breaker hammer 100 to work.

[0063] As can be seen, in this application, an external breaker valve 3 for controlling the breaker hammer 100 is added to the outside of the multi-way valve group of the excavator. Simultaneously, an internal bypass oil passage L3, leading from the second oil inlet P2, is added inside the second multi-way valve 2. The external breaker valve 3 is connected to the internal bypass oil passage L3, specifically to the third oil outlet P3 of the internal bypass oil passage L3 on the valve body of the multi-way valve group. Thus, pressurized oil can flow to the breaker hammer 100 via the first oil inlet P1 and the breaker hammer valve plate 11, or via the second oil inlet P2, the internal bypass oil passage L3, the third oil outlet P3, and the external breaker valve 3, providing a more flexible oil supply method.

[0064] See Figure 3The first multi-way valve 1 includes multiple first working valve plates and a first main oil supply circuit L1 that connects each of the first working valve plates (the breaker valve plate 11 is one of the first working valve plates) sequentially from the first oil inlet P1. The second multi-way valve 2 includes multiple second working valve plates and a second main oil supply circuit L2 that connects each of the second working valve plates sequentially from the second oil inlet P2. An internal bypass circuit L3 is arranged in parallel with the second main oil supply circuit L2. The second working valve plate includes a breaker confluence valve 21, which is used to control the flow of pressure oil from the second main oil supply circuit L2 to the breaker valve plate 11.

[0065] As can be seen, pressurized oil can flow to the breaker 100 via the second oil inlet P2, the second main oil supply circuit L2, the breaker confluence valve 21, and the breaker valve plate 11. This allows for independent control of the breaker 100 by the two pumps, or for the two pumps to be combined, thus improving the flexibility of breaker control. The excavator main valve equipped with this new structure can achieve flexible control of single or dual pumps.

[0066] See Figure 4 The excavator main valve in this embodiment may further include:

[0067] Controller 10 is used to control the breaker valve plate 11, the external breaker valve 3, and the breaker confluence valve 21 respectively, and is configured as follows:

[0068] In the first working mode, the control opens the hydraulic breaker valve plate 11 separately, so that the pressure oil in the first main oil supply circuit L1 is connected and drives the hydraulic breaker 100 to work.

[0069] In the second working mode, the external crushing valve 3 is opened separately, so that the pressure oil in the internal bypass oil circuit L3 is connected and drives the breaker hammer 100 to work.

[0070] In the third working mode, the control opens the breaker valve plate 11 and the external breaker valve 3 together, so that the pressure oil of the first main oil supply circuit L1 and the internal bypass oil circuit L3 jointly drives the breaker 100 to work.

[0071] Therefore, by simply controlling the breaker valve plate 11, the external breaker valve 3, and the breaker confluence valve 21 via the controller 10 using electronic and / or hydraulic control methods respectively, different oil supply methods for the breaker 100 can be easily achieved. Figure 4As can be seen, in the first working mode, the pressurized oil flows to the breaker 100 through the first oil inlet P1 and the breaker valve plate 11; in the second working mode, the pressurized oil flows to the breaker 100 through the second oil inlet P2, the internal bypass oil passage L3, and the external breaker valve 3; in the third working mode, one path of the pressurized oil flows to the breaker valve plate 11 through the first oil inlet P1 and the first main oil supply oil passage L1, while the other path of the pressurized oil flows to the breaker valve plate 11 through the second oil inlet P2, the second main oil supply oil passage L2, the breaker confluence valve 21, and the breaker valve plate 11, and then flows to the breaker 100 after converging, jointly driving the breaker to work.

[0072] Specifically, the controller 10 of this embodiment can also be configured as follows:

[0073] In the fourth working mode, the valve plate 11 of the breaker and the external breaker valve 3 are opened alternately, so that the pressure oil of the first main oil supply circuit L1 and the pressure oil of the internal bypass oil circuit L3 alternately drive the breaker 100 to work.

[0074] In other words, through the periodic control of the controller 10, the hydraulic breaker 100 can be driven alternately in the first working mode and the second working mode, which can make the two pumps work alternately and extend the service life of the single pump.

[0075] Specifically, as an example, in the fourth operating mode, the controller 10 can be configured to repeatedly perform the following control steps:

[0076] Control the opening of the hydraulic breaker valve plate 11 and the closing of the external breaker valve 3;

[0077] Continue for the first time interval T1;

[0078] Control the opening of the external crushing valve 3 and the closing of the breaker hammer valve plate 11;

[0079] Continue for the second time interval T2.

[0080] During operation, the values ​​of T1 and T2 can be preset as needed to adjust the independent running time of a single pump, providing greater flexibility and convenience. It should be noted that the matching between the controller 10 and the solenoid valve is crucial; the quality of this matching directly affects the impact effect of the hydraulic breaker and the service life of the main pump.

[0081] The control valve associated with controller 10 can be a solenoid valve or a pilot-operated hydraulic valve, etc. Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the breaker valve plate 11, the external breaker valve 3, and the breaker confluence valve 21 are all hydraulically piloted directional valves, and the excavator main valve includes:

[0082] The pilot valve group 4 includes a first pilot switch valve, a second pilot switch valve and a third pilot switch valve arranged in parallel. The first pilot switch valve is connected to the control port of the external crushing valve 3 through the first pilot control oil circuit. The second pilot switch valve is connected to the control port of the breaker valve plate 11 through the second pilot control oil circuit. The third pilot switch valve is connected to the control port of the crushing confluence valve 21 through the third pilot control oil circuit.

[0083] The controller 10 is also used to switch the first pilot valve, the second pilot valve and the third pilot valve on and off respectively.

[0084] See Figure 4 The pilot valve assembly 4 includes a first pilot switching valve, a second pilot switching valve, and a third pilot switching valve arranged in parallel from left to right. Each valve controls the on / off state of its respective pilot control oil circuit, thereby controlling the switching operation of the corresponding control valve. Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that the first, second, and third pilot switching valves can be solenoid valves. In other embodiments, the breaker valve plate 11, the external breaker valve 3, and the breaker confluence valve 21 can also be solenoid valves.

[0085] In this embodiment, the external crushing valve 3 is similar to a controllable check valve and can be bolted to a multi-way valve assembly. As is well known to those skilled in the art, there are many structural forms and control methods for the external crushing valve 3; this embodiment serves as an example. Figure 5 The external crushing valve 3 includes:

[0086] Cartridge valve 31, the first main oil port of cartridge valve 31 is connected to the internal bypass oil passage L3 and the second main oil port is used to connect the oil passage to the hydraulic breaker 100.

[0087] The reversing control valve 32 includes a first working port connected to the control chamber of the cartridge valve 31, a second working port located on the other side and connected to the valve core chamber of the cartridge valve 31, and a control valve return port.

[0088] The reversing control valve 32 is used to switch the first working oil port to the second working oil port or the control valve return port.

[0089] Combination Figure 4 The pilot valve assembly 4 shown has an external breaker valve 3 based on a cartridge valve 31, allowing for large flow rates. It is then combined with a directional control valve 32 as the control valve for the cartridge valve 31. Figure 4In this configuration, one main oil port of cartridge valve 31 is connected to the third oil outlet P3 on the valve body of the multi-way valve assembly, and the other main oil port is connected to the hydraulic breaker 100. To control the opening and closing of cartridge valve 31, the spring chamber of cartridge valve 31 (i.e., the left chamber of cartridge valve 31 in the figure) is connected to the upper working oil port of directional control valve 32. The directional control valve 32 has two lower working oil ports, one of which is a return oil port, and the other is connected to the valve core chamber of cartridge valve 31 (i.e., the right chamber of cartridge valve 31 in the figure).

[0090] Thus, when pilot pressure oil is introduced into port XAo, the reversing control valve 32 switches to the left position, thereby connecting the spring chamber of cartridge valve 31 with the return port. Cartridge valve 31 is in the conducting state, and the pressure oil in the internal bypass oil circuit L3 can pass through cartridge valve 31 and port Ao to the hydraulic breaker 100. When pilot pressure oil is not introduced into port XAo, the reversing control valve 32 switches to the right position, thereby connecting the spring chamber of cartridge valve 31 with the valve core chamber. The valve core of the cartridge valve blocks the valve port under the action of the spring force, and cartridge valve 31 is in the closed state. The pressure oil in the internal bypass oil circuit L3 cannot pass through cartridge valve 31.

[0091] In addition, the second main oil port of the cartridge valve 31 is also equipped with a check valve. The check valve is used to allow the pressurized oil to flow from the valve core cavity of the cartridge valve 31 to the breaker hammer 100 and to cut off the flow in the reverse direction, thereby preventing oil backflow.

[0092] In this embodiment, the excavator's crushing function only requires one oil outlet, and the crushing function does not require micro-motion. Therefore, the external crushing valve 3 does not use the traditional slide valve core control, but adopts the form of a cone valve.

[0093] This application also discloses a hydraulic system for an excavator, such as Figure 4 As shown, the excavator hydraulic system of this embodiment includes:

[0094] The aforementioned excavator main valve;

[0095] The first main pump 5 is used to pump oil toward the first oil inlet P1 of the multi-way valve group;

[0096] The second main pump 6 is used to pump oil toward the second oil inlet P2 of the multi-way valve group;

[0097] The hydraulic breaker 100 is connected by an oil circuit to the hydraulic breaker valve plate 11 and the external breaker valve 3.

[0098] As can be seen, the excavator hydraulic system of this application is a dual-circuit control system, especially suitable for the hydraulic systems of medium and large excavators. It generally has two main pumps, and the two pumps can independently control the breaking function. In this dual-circuit control system, the breaking control valve is integrated inside the main valve, which is small in size and does not require external pipelines. The two pumps can independently drive the breaker hammer to work, and can be controlled by a single pump or both pumps. At the same time, depending on the working conditions, the first main pump 5 and the second main pump 6 can be controlled intermittently.

[0099] In particular, both the first main pump 5 and the second main pump 6 are proportional variable pumps, so that in the intermittent working mode, the controller 10 can control the distribution of power between the first main pump 5 and the second main pump 6, thus making the control more flexible.

[0100] The aforementioned excavator hydraulic system is applied to excavators, especially those with a rated tonnage of not less than 50t.

[0101] This application adds an external hydraulic valve, namely an external breaker valve 3, to the conventional excavator main valve. This external valve is also a hydraulically controlled check valve that can be bolted to a multi-way valve assembly. The main valve is compact, facilitating pipeline layout. The breaker control system equipped with this novel structure allows for flexible control of single and dual pumps. It allows the first main pump 5 and the second main pump 6 to independently control the breaker hammer, or it allows for dual-pump merging, improving the flexibility of breaker control. Furthermore, the external breaker valve 3 added outside the main valve makes the control method of the breaker hammer 100 more flexible, enabling alternating control of the two pumps, thereby achieving energy savings and significantly extending pump lifespan.

[0102] Depending on the crushing conditions, the control program of controller 10 can achieve the following functions:

[0103] 1. The first main pump 5 operates independently, while the second main pump 6 does not operate;

[0104] 2. The second main pump 6 operates independently, while the first main pump 5 does not operate;

[0105] 3. The first main pump 5 and the second main pump 6 work in tandem, and the power between the two pumps is controlled proportionally by the control program;

[0106] 4. The first main pump 5 and the second main pump 6 work alternately and independently, and the alternation interval can be controlled by the control program.

[0107] In actual operation, the high-pressure oil output from the first main pump 5 and the second main pump 6 enters the multi-way valve group. When the operator performs crushing operations, the electrical signal output by the controller 10 controls the corresponding action of the pilot valve group 4. If the first main pump 5 needs to work alone, the pilot pressure oil can be supplied through port A2 of the pilot valve group 4, while the other ports are closed. If the second main pump 6 needs to work alone, the pilot pressure oil can be supplied through port A1 of the pilot valve group 4, while the other ports are closed. If the first main pump 5 and the second main pump 6 need to be combined to drive the breaker hammer 100, the pilot pressure oil can be supplied through ports A2 and A3 of the pilot valve group 4, while the other ports are closed.

[0108] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0109] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0110] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0111] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An excavator main valve, characterized in that, The excavator main valve includes: A multi-way valve assembly includes a first multi-way valve (1) with a first oil inlet (P1) and a second multi-way valve (2) with a second oil inlet (P2). The first multi-way valve (1) includes a breaker valve plate (11), and the second multi-way valve (2) has an internal bypass oil passage (L3) leading out from the second oil inlet (P2). The first multi-way valve (1) includes multiple first working valve plates and a first main oil supply oil passage (L1) sequentially connecting each of the first working valve plates from the first oil inlet (P1). The second multi-way valve (2) includes multiple second working valve plates and a second main oil supply oil passage (L2) sequentially connecting each of the second working valve plates from the second oil inlet (P2). The internal bypass oil passage (L3) is arranged in parallel with the second main oil supply oil passage (L2). The second working valve plate includes a breaker confluence valve (21), which is used to control the flow of pressure oil from the second main oil supply oil passage (L2) to the breaker valve plate (11). An external breaker valve (3) is connected to the internal bypass oil circuit (L3) and is used to control the pressure oil flow of the internal bypass oil circuit (L3) and drive the excavator's breaker hammer (100) to work. The controller (10) is used to control the breaker valve plate (11), the external breaker valve (3), and the breaker confluence valve (21) respectively, and is configured as follows: In the first working mode, the valve plate (11) of the hydraulic breaker is opened separately, so that the pressure oil of the first main oil supply circuit (L1) is connected and the hydraulic breaker (100) is driven to work; In the second working mode, the external crushing valve (3) is opened separately, so that the pressure oil in the internal bypass oil circuit (L3) is connected and drives the breaker hammer (100) to work; In the third working mode, the control opens the breaker valve plate (11) and the external breaker valve (3) together, so that the pressure oil of the first main oil supply circuit (L1) and the internal bypass oil circuit (L3) jointly drives the breaker (100) to work; In the fourth working mode, the valve plate (11) of the breaker and the external breaker valve (3) are opened alternately, so that the pressure oil of the first main oil supply circuit (L1) and the pressure oil of the internal bypass oil circuit (L3) alternately drive the breaker (100) to work.

2. The excavator main valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the fourth operating mode, the controller (10) is also configured to repeatedly perform the following control steps: Control the opening of the hydraulic breaker valve plate (11) and the closing of the external breaker valve (3); Continue for the first time interval T1; Control the opening of the external crushing valve (3) and the closing of the breaker valve plate (11); Continue for the second time interval T2.

3. The excavator main valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic breaker valve plate (11), the external breaker valve (3), and the breaker confluence valve (21) are all hydraulic pilot-operated directional valves. The excavator main valve includes: The pilot valve group (4) includes a first pilot switch valve, a second pilot switch valve and a third pilot switch valve arranged in parallel. The first pilot switch valve is connected to the control port of the external crushing valve (3) through a first pilot control oil circuit. The second pilot switch valve is connected to the control port of the breaker valve plate (11) through a second pilot control oil circuit. The third pilot switch valve is connected to the control port of the crushing confluence valve (21) through a third pilot control oil circuit. The controller (10) is also used to switch the first pilot valve, the second pilot valve and the third pilot valve on and off respectively.

4. The excavator main valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic breaker valve plate (11), the external breaker valve (3), and the breaker confluence valve (21) are all electromagnetic directional valves.

5. The excavator main valve according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The external crushing valve (3) includes: Cartridge valve (31), the first main oil port of the cartridge valve (31) is connected to the internal bypass oil passage (L3) and the second main oil port is used for oil passage connection to the hydraulic breaker (100). The reversing control valve (32) includes a first working port connected to the control chamber of the cartridge valve (31), a second working port located on the other side and connected to the valve core chamber of the cartridge valve (31), and a control valve return port; The reversing control valve (32) is used to switch the first side working oil port to the second side working oil port or the control valve return port.

6. The excavator main valve according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cartridge valve is a cone valve; and / or, the second main oil port of the cartridge valve (31) is provided with a check valve, which is used to allow pressurized oil to flow from the valve core cavity of the cartridge valve (31) to the breaker hammer (100) and to cut off in the reverse direction.

7. An excavator hydraulic system, characterized in that, The excavator hydraulic system includes: The excavator main valve according to any one of claims 1 to 6; The first main pump (5) is used to pump oil toward the first oil inlet (P1) of the multi-way valve group; The second main pump (6) is used to pump oil toward the second inlet (P2) of the multi-way valve group; The hydraulic breaker (100) is connected by an oil circuit to the hydraulic breaker valve plate (11) and the external hydraulic breaker valve (3).

8. The excavator hydraulic system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both the first main pump (5) and the second main pump (6) are proportional variable pumps.

9. An excavator, characterized in that, The excavator includes the excavator hydraulic system according to claim 7 or 8.

10. The excavator according to claim 9, characterized in that, The rated tonnage of the excavator shall not be less than 50t.

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