An aerial detection system and method for a wind speed and direction sensor

Abstract

The application provides a high-altitude detection system of a wind speed and direction sensor, wherein the high-altitude detection system is installed on a transport operation platform, is lifted and stabilized on a wind speed and direction sensor operation plane through the platform, and is used for high-altitude real-time detection and / or calibration of the wind speed and direction sensor. The wind speed and direction sensor is usually installed at a high position, such as a wind speed and direction sensor on a catenary support post, which is installed at a position with a height of 4000 mm from a rail surface, and two wind speed and direction sensors are installed and fixed at each position; meanwhile, a railway line is relatively long, and even if real-time detection is carried out on site, it is very time-consuming and laborious. The application utilizes the extensibility of the operation platform at a high altitude and the convenience of long-distance transportation on the ground, meets the high-altitude detection needs of the wind speed and direction sensor, and unexpectedly solves the important practical problem of restricting the on-site detection of the wind speed and direction sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sensor detection, and more particularly to a high-altitude detection system and method for wind speed and direction sensors. Background Technology

[0002] According to regulations requiring wind monitoring systems for railways with a design speed of 200 km / h or higher, wind monitoring systems are deployed at varying intervals along different sections of the railway, such as bridges, canyons, and river valleys. High-speed railway wind speed and direction monitoring equipment generally consists of wind speed and direction sensors, data acquisition and processing units, data transmission units, and other auxiliary equipment. The wind speed and direction sensors are installed on the overhead contact line supports at a height of 4000 mm above the rail surface, with two sensors fixed at each location. Their main function is to monitor strong wind information along the railway line, providing timely strong wind warning signals for safe railway operation and formulating corresponding speed limit plans based on different alarm levels.

[0003] For the numerous wind speed and direction sensors installed in railway wind detection systems, their performance parameters may change or be damaged due to the inherent physical characteristics of the sensors and the influence of extreme outdoor environmental factors. To ensure the sensors are in normal working condition, their performance needs to be tested regularly. Current testing methods typically involve removing the wind speed and direction sensors from the railway site, transporting them to an indoor wind tunnel for testing, and then reinstalling them on-site after passing inspection. This method is inefficient, requires multiple on-site disassembly and reassembly, increases safety risks for workers, and the sensors may become inaccurate or damaged during transportation. There is an urgent need for a system and method that enables high-altitude testing of wind speed and direction sensors at railway sites to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, ensure worker safety, and improve testing efficiency.

[0004] Meanwhile, a wind tunnel device is required during the high-altitude detection process of wind speed and direction sensors. A wind tunnel is a tubular experimental device that artificially generates and controls airflow to simulate the flow of gas around an aircraft or other object, measure the effects of airflow on the object, and observe physical phenomena. It is one of the most commonly used and effective tools for aerodynamic experiments. Initially, wind tunnels were primarily used in the aerospace field, providing objective and accurate experimental data for aerodynamic research on aircraft. With the development of industrial aerodynamics, low-speed wind tunnels are increasingly widely used in various aspects of national economic construction, playing an important role in transportation, building construction, wind energy utilization, and sports. Low-speed wind tunnels generally refer to wind tunnels with speeds below Mach 0.3 (approximately 100 m / s). Low-speed wind tunnels can be classified as open or closed wind tunnels according to the form of their experimental sections, with cross-sectional shapes including rectangular, circular, octagonal, and elliptical. Wind tunnels can be classified into direct-flow and recirculation wind tunnels based on their structural form. Different types of wind tunnels have different applications, and specialized low-speed wind tunnels need to be developed for different application scenarios. However, the standard for evaluating the performance of a wind tunnel is consistent: the flow field quality of the test section. This includes factors such as airflow velocity distribution uniformity, dynamic pressure stability, average airflow deflection angle, axial static pressure gradient, airflow turbulence, noise, and temperature rise. The goal of wind tunnel design and development is to achieve good flow field quality. Existing publicly available open-circuit direct-flow low-speed wind tunnel structures generally consist of an inlet, a converging section, a test section, a diffuser section, a fan section, and an exhaust outlet. The test section is located at the front of the wind tunnel, with the fan at the rear generating suction to draw in airflow. Because the airflow at the inlet is stable and uniform, and after transitioning through the converging section, the front test section easily achieves good flow field quality. However, the exhaust outlet at the rear is close to the fan section, resulting in highly turbulent exhaust airflow.

[0005] To address the challenge of dismantling and transporting the numerous wind speed sensors deployed along railway lines for laboratory testing, a portable, outdoor direct-flow wind tunnel system is needed. This system should allow for calibration of the sensors in a high-quality flow field without requiring disassembly. Existing recirculating wind tunnel test sections are enclosed shells with connecting pipelines before and after the test section, making it impossible to place the sensors in the test area without disassembly. Meanwhile, the turbulent airflow at the exhaust port of direct-flow wind tunnels fails to meet the required flow field quality. Current research in this area is impractical for high-altitude testing or calibration of wind speed and direction sensors due to unstable outlet flow field quality. Therefore, a feasible system or method is urgently needed for high-altitude testing or calibration of wind speed and direction sensors, simultaneously meeting stringent operational requirements and testing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-altitude detection system and method for wind speed and direction sensors. By employing transportation platforms such as tunnel maintenance vehicles and overhead contact line maintenance vehicles, as well as a wind tunnel lateral movement platform, a mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device is moved to the installation position of the wind speed and direction sensors. By providing uniform airflow velocity and good flow field quality, the static and dynamic performance of mechanical, ultrasonic, and thermal field wind speed and direction sensors can be detected online, improving detection efficiency and accuracy.

[0007] This invention provides a high-altitude detection system for wind speed and direction sensors. The system is mounted on a transport platform, which elevates and stabilizes the system on the working plane of the wind speed and direction sensors for real-time high-altitude detection and / or calibration. Wind speed and direction sensors are typically installed at high locations; for example, on railways, they are mounted on overhead contact line supports at a height of 4000mm above the rail surface, with two sensors fixed at each location. Furthermore, railway lines are long, making real-time on-site detection extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive. This invention employs a simple and convenient method, mounting the high-altitude detection system on a transport platform. Utilizing the platform's high-altitude reach and the ease of long-distance ground transport, it meets the high-altitude detection needs of wind speed and direction sensors, unexpectedly solving a significant practical problem restricting on-site detection of these sensors.

[0008] Preferably, the high-altitude inspection system provided by the present invention includes a transport operation platform comprising a track maintenance vehicle, which includes a tunnel maintenance vehicle and an overhead contact line maintenance vehicle. By utilizing commonly used railway track maintenance vehicles, especially tunnel maintenance vehicles and overhead contact line maintenance vehicles, to mount the high-altitude inspection system provided by the present invention, the system is adapted to local conditions, improving the convenience of inspection and facilitating its widespread promotion and use.

[0009] Preferably, the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention includes a mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device, a wind tunnel lateral movement platform, a wind tunnel wind speed adjustment system, a standard dial, and a standard dial angle control system. The mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device is a segmented assembly type, used to generate a standard artificial airflow with a wind speed ≤100m / s for detection. The wind tunnel lateral movement platform pushes the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device laterally to the detection position of the wind speed and direction sensor. The wind tunnel wind speed adjustment system adjusts the speed of the artificial airflow according to the wind speed test requirements. The standard dial and standard dial angle control system are used to adjust the blowing angle of the artificial airflow relative to the wind speed and direction sensor to achieve high-altitude detection of wind speed and / or wind direction. The high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention can perform on-site testing or calibration of wind speed and direction sensors used in railways, solving the problem that it is inconvenient to remove and send a large number of wind speed and direction sensors currently deployed along railway lines for laboratory testing, thus ensuring the safety of railway train operation.

[0010] Preferably, the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention includes a mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device, comprising a horn-shaped air intake section, a front rectifier section, a power section, a rear rectifier section, a DC converter section, a honeycomb section, a converging exhaust port section, a detection section, and a drive device; the DC converter section includes an annular thin-walled structure, which is divided into an inner ring, a middle ring, and an outer ring by a circumferential partition to reduce airflow rotation.

[0011] This invention provides a mobile outdoor direct-flow low-speed wind tunnel device based on the principle of an open-circuit direct-flow wind tunnel. Driven by a fan system, airflow continuously enters the wind tunnel from the outside atmosphere through the inlet and then exits through the outlet. This achieves a uniform outlet velocity and good flow field quality at the outlet, avoiding the turbulent airflow at the outlet of existing direct-flow wind tunnels, which fails to meet flow field quality requirements. To achieve the required flow field quality, this invention employs various methods in the piping between the fan section and the outlet to reduce wind tunnel energy loss and improve the outlet flow field quality. For example, this invention uses a direct-flow section to further guide and divide larger airflow vortices, thus facilitating vortex attenuation. Simultaneously, the friction of the honeycomb pipe on the airflow also helps improve the velocity distribution and, to some extent, reduces turbulence, improving the uniformity of the outlet airflow. The mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device provided by this invention can create a flow field with continuously changing Mach number in a certain area at the exhaust port. Furthermore, the rate and pattern of Mach number change can be controlled according to wind speed requirements, resulting in a uniform and stable flow field that meets the calibration needs of sensors under different wind speed conditions. Therefore, this invention establishes a detection section after the exhaust port as the experimental section of the wind tunnel, meeting the needs of rapid on-site sensor detection.

[0012] Preferably, the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention includes a front rectifier section comprising a pipe shell, a front rectifier, a rectifier head support plate, a front support plate, and a support ring seat; a rear rectifier section comprising a pipe shell, a rear rectifier, rectifier guide vanes, and a support ring seat; a power section comprising a pipe shell, a rectifier, and a support ring seat; and a drive device installed inside the rectifier of the power section.

[0013] Preferably, in the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention, the fairing guide vanes adopt an airfoil design of NACA0001 to NACA0020, with 10 to 40 guide vanes evenly arranged circumferentially; more preferably, the fairing guide vanes adopt an airfoil design of NACA0005 to NACA0015, with 15 to 30 guide vanes. To achieve the required outlet flow field quality, the present invention employs a combined airflow control method to adjust the airflow state, such as using fairing guide vanes with NACA0001 to NACA0020 airfoil designs, and the guide vanes are evenly arranged circumferentially, which helps to smooth the airflow. While smoothing the airflow, the fairing guide vanes also support the fairing, making the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device in the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention more stable.

[0014] Preferably, in the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention, the fairing of the power section is a constant-straight fairing.

[0015] Preferably, in the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention, the driving device includes a fan, a fan rotating shaft, a servo motor, a bearing, a bearing housing, and a bearing cover; the servo motor drives the fan to rotate via the fan rotating shaft; the fan blades are airfoil-shaped. The driving device provides energy to the entire wind tunnel, and the servo motor of the driving device is installed inside the fairing of the power section. The power section bears the torque and thrust generated by the fan on the wind tunnel shell.

[0016] Preferably, in the high-altitude detection system provided by this invention, the fan blades are RAF and / or RAE variable thickness axial flow airfoil blades, with 10 to 40 blades, preferably RAE variable thickness axial flow airfoil blades, with 15 to 30 blades. In this invention, a servo motor drives the fan to rotate, and the airflow continuously enters the wind tunnel from the horn-shaped inlet section. Since the direct-flow airflow from the wind tunnel is directly discharged, energy loss is significant, making the airfoil design of the fan blades in the wind tunnel drive device a key technology. The fan blades of this device adopt RAF and / or RAE variable thickness airfoil profiles. This airfoil has a high lift-to-drag ratio and high efficiency, which can improve performance, reduce energy loss, and obtain the required airflow exit velocity. At the same time, this invention can change the drive efficiency by selecting the number of blades, and also adjust the achievable range of the airflow exit velocity.

[0017] Preferably, in the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention, anti-rotation blades are arranged behind the fan. These anti-rotation blades are airfoil blades with a thickness of 3% to 30% of the chord length, and the number of blades is 10 to 40; more preferably, they are airfoil blades with a thickness of 5% to 15% of the chord length, and the number of blades is preferably 15 to 30. Because the rotation of the fan blades causes the airflow to twist or rotate, it increases the pressure difference before and after the fan, resulting in extremely turbulent flow behind the fan. To meet the outlet flow field quality requirements, the present invention employs a combined airflow control method to adjust the airflow state. For example, arranging anti-rotation blades behind the fan is mainly to reduce and control the rotation of the airflow behind the fan blades. The anti-rotation blades, using airfoil blades with a thickness of 3% to 30% of the chord length, better adjust the flow state of standard artificial airflow within the wind speed range of ≤100m / s, while reducing energy loss and improving flow efficiency.

[0018] Preferably, in the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention, the honeycomb section adopts a polygonal cross-section with small holes and thin walls, with an aspect ratio of 5 to 20; the contraction exhaust section adopts a short contraction section design with a bicubic curve and / or a modified quintic curve, with a contraction ratio of 1 to 10. The design of the honeycomb structure and aspect ratio in this invention can reduce the turbulence of the airflow and improve the uniformity of the outlet airflow. The function of the contraction exhaust section is to uniformly accelerate the airflow to achieve the required velocity at the outlet. The short contraction section design with a bicubic curve and / or a modified quintic curve ensures that, at the set contraction ratio, the airflow monotonically accelerates along the contraction exhaust section, preventing separation on the tunnel wall. The airflow at the outlet cross-section of the contraction exhaust section is uniform, parallel, and stable, reducing energy loss. Simultaneously, it reduces the cost of the wind tunnel while satisfying the uniformity and turbulence of the outlet airflow.

[0019] Preferably, in the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention, the honeycomb unit adopts a thin-walled design with equally divided polygonal cross-section small holes and a length-to-slenderness ratio of 8 to 15; more preferably, the honeycomb unit adopts a thin-walled design with regular hexagonal and / or regular octagonal cross-section small holes; the shrinkage exhaust port section adopts a short shrinkage section design with an improved fifth-power curve and a shrinkage ratio of 1 to 4.

[0020] Preferably, in the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention, the detection section is a conical expansion with an expansion angle of 5° to 10° and a bottom slot width of 5cm to 12cm, into which the wind speed and direction sensor extends for detection. The design of the detection section of the present invention plays a crucial role in the accuracy of the detection results in on-site high-altitude detection scenarios using wind speed and direction sensors. In particular, the design of the expansion angle and the bottom slot has a significant impact on the feasibility of high-altitude detection or calibration of the wind speed and direction sensor and the accuracy of the detection results.

[0021] Preferably, in the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention, the various pipe sections of the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device are separately formed by machining and / or 3D printing, and then fixedly connected and assembled. This modular structure facilitates achieving the required processing precision and consistency, improves strength and rigidity, and allows for quick and convenient assembly and disassembly. The lightweight structure also facilitates transportation and is suitable for field operations. To reduce processing and installation difficulty, the various pipe sections of the wind tunnel can be integrally formed using 3D printing technology, and then the sections are quickly fixed together using screws, nuts, or other connection methods.

[0022] Preferably, the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention further includes a wind speed and direction measuring device for acquiring the characteristics of the ambient wind, including wind speed and / or wind direction; preferably, the wind speed and direction measuring device is installed on the outside of the honeycomb section.

[0023] Preferably, the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention further includes a video monitoring device with visible light and / or infrared night vision capabilities, used to acquire the positional characteristics of the wind speed and direction sensors; preferably, the video monitoring device is installed on the outside of the cell section.

[0024] Preferably, in the high-altitude detection system provided by the present invention, the angle measurement range of the standard dial is 0 to 360°, the resolution is 1 to 25°, and more preferably the resolution is 1 to 5°.

[0025] This invention also provides a high-altitude detection method for a wind speed and direction sensor. The method employs the aforementioned high-altitude detection system for the wind speed and direction sensor to perform high-altitude detection and / or calibration of the wind speed. The method includes the following steps: raising and stabilizing the high-altitude detection system on the working plane of the wind speed and direction sensor; horizontally fixing a mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device at the detection position; setting wind speed test points, including two or more wind speed values ​​within 100 m / s, based on the wind speed measurement range and / or accuracy of the wind speed and direction sensor; starting the wind tunnel to generate a standard artificial airflow; adjusting the speed of the artificial airflow according to the wind speed test points; after the speed of the artificial airflow stabilizes, recording the speed of n artificial airflows and the wind speed values ​​simultaneously measured by the wind speed and direction sensor; and obtaining the detection and / or calibration results of the wind speed of the wind speed and direction sensor through data analysis. The data analysis includes averaging the values ​​and performing error analysis.

[0026] Preferably, the high-altitude detection method provided by the present invention further includes high-altitude detection and / or calibration of the wind direction of the wind speed and direction sensor, comprising the following steps: raising and stabilizing the high-altitude detection system on the working plane of the wind speed and direction sensor; horizontally fixing the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device at the detection position; setting wind direction test points according to the wind direction measurement range and / or accuracy of the wind speed and direction sensor, including two or more wind direction values ​​within 0 to 360° that meet the resolution requirements; starting the wind tunnel to generate a standard artificial airflow; adjusting the blowing angle of the artificial airflow relative to the wind speed and direction sensor according to the wind direction test points; after the speed of the artificial airflow stabilizes, recording the wind direction of n artificial airflows and the wind direction values ​​simultaneously measured by the wind speed and direction sensor; and obtaining the detection and / or calibration results of the wind direction of the wind speed and direction sensor through data analysis; the data analysis includes taking the average value of each and performing error analysis.

[0027] Preferably, in the high-altitude detection method provided by the present invention, the artificial airflow speed is stabilized for 0 to 30 minutes, and the speed and / or wind direction of n artificial airflows, and the wind speed and / or wind direction values ​​measured simultaneously by wind speed and wind direction sensors, are measured at intervals of 1 to 30 minutes.

[0028] Preferably, the high-altitude detection method provided by the present invention includes a high-altitude detection and / or calibration process comprising acquiring the characteristics of the ambient wind, including wind speed and / or wind direction, through the wind speed and direction measuring device of the high-altitude detection system, and further fitting and / or subtracting the influence of the ambient wind on the high-altitude detection and / or calibration.

[0029] Preferably, the high-altitude detection method provided by the present invention includes a high-altitude detection and / or calibration process comprising acquiring the position of a wind speed and direction sensor through a video monitoring device of the high-altitude detection system to determine the detection position, and / or the blowing angle of the artificial airflow relative to the wind speed and direction sensor.

[0030] The high-altitude detection system provided by this invention adopts a high-efficiency fan blade structure design, resulting in a high lift-to-drag ratio, high efficiency, and low wind tunnel energy loss. It employs a combination of airflow control methods to adjust the airflow state, including: adding anti-rotation blades to reduce airflow rotation behind the fan, segmenting and straightening turbulent large vortex airflow, using a hexagonal cross-section honeycomb structure to improve velocity distribution and reduce turbulence, and adding a constricted exhaust port section to uniformly accelerate the airflow. These combined airflow control methods achieve good outlet flow field quality. The system uses a segmented assembly design, making disassembly, assembly, and maintenance quick and convenient. Its lightweight structure facilitates transportation and is suitable for on-site operations along railway lines. Therefore, this mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device, by applying a high-efficiency fan blade design and combined airflow control methods to reduce wind tunnel energy loss and control outlet flow field quality, enables the construction of a wind tunnel laboratory testing environment on railway sites, saving significant preparation time for disassembly, assembly, and transportation, and avoiding the risk of damage to wind speed and direction sensors during disassembly and transportation.

[0031] This invention enables the detection of the static and dynamic performance of wind speed and direction sensors by setting different test wind speed points and wind direction angles in a low-speed wind tunnel. It features fast detection speed, good real-time performance, and the same testing accuracy as that of a wind tunnel laboratory, thus significantly improving detection efficiency and accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 These are structural diagrams of the low-speed wind tunnel devices in Examples 1-5;

[0034] Figure 2 These are cross-sectional views of the low-speed wind tunnel devices in Examples 1-5;

[0035] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the drive device in the low-speed wind tunnel device of Examples 1-5;

[0036] Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the front rectifier section in the low-speed wind tunnel device of Examples 1-5;

[0037] Figure 5 The diagram shows the power section structure of the low-speed wind tunnel device in Examples 1-5.

[0038] Figure 6 The diagram shows the structure of the rear rectifier section in the low-speed wind tunnel device of Examples 1-5;

[0039] Figure 7 The diagram shows the structure of the DC section in the low-speed wind tunnel device of Examples 1-5;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the honeycomb section in the low-speed wind tunnel device of Example 5;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the converging exhaust port section in the low-speed wind tunnel device of Example 1;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the fan in the low-speed wind tunnel device of Example 5;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the anti-rotation blades in the low-speed wind tunnel device of Example 5;

[0044] Figure 12 The high-altitude detection process of the wind speed and direction sensors provided in Examples 7-9. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To further illustrate the present invention, embodiments are given below. It should be noted that these embodiments are entirely illustrative. The purpose of providing these embodiments is to fully demonstrate the significance and content of the invention, but they do not limit the invention to the scope of the embodiments described.

[0046] First, it should be noted that this invention is also an application of computer technology in high-altitude detection using wind speed and direction sensors. The implementation of this invention involves the application of multiple software functional modules. The applicant believes that, after carefully reading the application documents and accurately understanding the implementation principles and objectives of this invention, and in conjunction with existing known technologies, those skilled in the art can fully utilize their software programming skills to implement this invention.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] This invention provides a high-altitude detection system for wind speed and direction sensors. The high-altitude detection system is installed on a transport platform, which lifts and stabilizes the system on the working plane of the wind speed and direction sensors, enabling real-time high-altitude detection and / or calibration of the sensors. The transport platform includes a track maintenance vehicle, which may include a tunnel maintenance vehicle or a catenary maintenance vehicle.

[0049] The high-altitude detection system provided by this invention includes a mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device, a wind tunnel lateral movement platform, a wind tunnel wind speed adjustment system, a standard dial, and a standard dial angle control system. The mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device is a segmented assembly type used to generate a standard artificial airflow with a wind speed ≤100m / s for detection. The wind tunnel lateral movement platform propels the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device laterally to the detection position of the wind speed and direction sensors. The wind tunnel wind speed adjustment system adjusts the speed of the artificial airflow according to the wind speed test requirements. The standard dial and standard dial angle control system are used to adjust the blowing angle of the artificial airflow relative to the wind speed and direction sensors to achieve high-altitude detection of wind speed and / or wind direction. The standard dial has an angle measurement range of 0–360° and a resolution of 1°.

[0050] like Figures 1-7As shown, the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device includes a horn-shaped air inlet section 1, a front rectifier section 2, a power section 3, a rear rectifier section 4, a DC converter section 5, a honeycomb converter section 6, a contraction exhaust port section 7, a detection section, and a drive unit. The front rectifier section 2 includes a pipe housing 21, a front shunting hood 22, a shunting hood head support plate 23, a front support plate 24, and a support ring seat 25. The power section 3 includes a pipe housing 31, a shunting hood 33, and a support ring seat 36. The rear rectifier section 4 includes a pipe housing 41, a rear shunting hood 43, shunting hood guide vanes 42, and a support ring seat 44. The drive unit is installed inside the shunting hood 33 of the power section 3. The shunting hood 33 of the power section 3 is a constant-straight shunting hood.

[0051] The drive unit includes a fan 13, a fan rotating shaft 9, a servo motor 20, a bearing 10, a bearing housing 11, and a bearing cover 12; the servo motor 20 drives the fan 13 to rotate via the fan rotating shaft 9. The airfoil design of the fan 13 blades in the wind tunnel drive unit is a key technology, requiring improved efficiency and reduced energy loss. To achieve the required exit velocity, the fan 13 blades in this invention are airfoil designed. The fan 13 blades are RAF variable thickness axial flow airfoil blades, with 10 blades in total.

[0052] Because the rotation of the fan blades causes the airflow to twist or rotate, it increases the pressure difference before and after the fan, resulting in extremely turbulent flow behind the fan. To meet the outlet flow field quality requirements, this invention employs a combined airflow control method to adjust the airflow state. First, an anti-rotation blade 32 is installed after the fan 13. The anti-rotation blade 32 is an airfoil blade with a thickness of 3% of the chord length, and the number of blades is 10. After the airflow passes through the anti-rotation blade 32, the airflow is still relatively turbulent. Therefore, a fairing guide vane 42 is designed after it. The fairing guide vane 42 adopts the NACA0001 airfoil design, and the number of guide vanes is 10.

[0053] To further ensure the uniformity of the outlet airflow, a DC section 5 and a honeycomb section 6 are arranged behind the guide vanes. The DC section 5 includes an annular thin-walled structure, divided into inner, middle, and outer rings by circumferential baffles, used to reduce airflow rotation. The honeycomb section 6 uses a polygonal cross-section with small holes and a thin-walled design, with an aspect ratio of 5; in this example, an octagonal cross-section with small holes and a thin-walled design is used. The function of the constricting exhaust port section 7 is to uniformly accelerate the airflow, bringing it to the required velocity at the outlet section. Figure 9 As shown, the contraction exhaust port section 7 adopts a short contraction section design with a bicubic curve and a contraction ratio of 1. Finally, there is the detection section 8, which is a conical expansion section with an expansion angle of 5° and a bottom slot width of 5cm. Wind speed and direction sensors are inserted into the detection section for detection.

[0054] The mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device is assembled by machining and / or 3D printing each pipe section separately, and then fixedly connected.

[0055] The mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device also includes a wind speed and direction measuring device 60 for acquiring the characteristics of the ambient wind, including wind speed and / or wind direction; preferably, the wind speed and direction measuring device is installed on the outside of the cell section 6. The mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device also includes a video monitoring device 61 with visible light and / or infrared night vision capabilities for acquiring the positional characteristics of the wind speed and direction sensors; preferably, the video monitoring device is installed on the outside of the cell section 6.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] The high-altitude detection system provided by this invention has the structural design described in Embodiment 1. The difference lies in that, in this embodiment:

[0058] The standard dial has an angle measurement range of 0–360° and a resolution of 25°.

[0059] Fan 13 uses RAF variable thickness axial airfoil blades, with a total of 40 blades;

[0060] The anti-rotation blade 32 is an airfoil blade with a thickness of 30% of the chord length, and has 40 blades;

[0061] The fairing guide vanes 42 adopt the NACA0020 airfoil design, with 40 guide vanes evenly arranged along the circumference.

[0062] The honeycomb segment 6 adopts a thin-walled design with small holes in an octagonal cross section, with a slenderness ratio of 20.

[0063] The shrinkage exhaust port section 7 adopts a short shrinkage section design with a bicubic curve and a shrinkage ratio of 10;

[0064] Detection section 8 is a conical expansion with an expansion angle of 5° and a 12cm wide slot at the bottom. Wind speed and direction sensors are inserted into the detection section for detection.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] The high-altitude detection system provided by this invention has the structural design described in Embodiment 1. The difference lies in that, in this embodiment:

[0067] The standard dial has an angle measurement range of 0–360° and a resolution of 1°.

[0068] The fan blades 13 adopt RAE variable thickness axial airfoil blades, with a total of 15 blades;

[0069] The anti-rotation blade 32 is an airfoil blade with a thickness of 5% of the chord length, and has 15 blades;

[0070] The fairing guide vanes 42 adopt the NACA0005 airfoil design, with 15 guide vanes;

[0071] The honeycomb segment 6 adopts a hexagonal cross-section with small holes and thin walls, with a slenderness ratio of 8.

[0072] The shrinkage exhaust port section 7 adopts a short shrinkage section design with an improved fifth-power curve and a shrinkage ratio of 1;

[0073] Detection section 8 is a conical expansion with an expansion angle of 10° and a 5cm wide slot at the bottom. Wind speed and direction sensors are inserted into the detection section for detection.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] The high-altitude detection system provided by this invention has the structural design described in Embodiment 1. The difference lies in that, in this embodiment:

[0076] The standard dial has an angle measurement range of 0–360° and a resolution of 5°.

[0077] The fan blades 13 adopt RAE variable thickness axial flow airfoil blades, with a total of 30 blades;

[0078] The anti-rotation blade 32 is an airfoil blade with a thickness of 15% of the chord length and 30 blades.

[0079] The fairing guide vanes 42 adopt the NACA0015 airfoil design, with 30 guide vanes;

[0080] The honeycomb segment 6 adopts a hexagonal cross-section with small holes and thin walls, with a slenderness ratio of 15.

[0081] The shrinkage exhaust port section 7 adopts a short shrinkage section design with an improved fifth-power curve and a shrinkage ratio of 4.

[0082] Detection section 8 is a conical expansion with an expansion angle of 10° and a bottom slot width of 12cm. Wind speed and direction sensors are inserted into the detection section for detection.

[0083] Example 5

[0084] The present invention provides a high-altitude detection system for wind speed and direction sensors. The high-altitude detection system is installed on a track maintenance vehicle, such as a catenary maintenance vehicle, and is lifted and stabilized on the working plane of the wind speed and direction sensor by the track maintenance vehicle. It is used for high-altitude real-time detection and / or calibration of the wind speed and direction sensor.

[0085] The high-altitude detection system includes a mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device, a wind tunnel lateral movement platform, a wind tunnel wind speed adjustment system, a standard dial, and a standard dial angle control system. The mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device is a segmented assembly used to generate a standard artificial airflow with a wind speed ≤60m / s for testing. The wind tunnel lateral movement platform propels the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device laterally to the detection position of the wind speed and direction sensors. The wind tunnel wind speed adjustment system adjusts the speed of the artificial airflow using a variable frequency motor according to the wind speed test requirements. The standard dial and standard dial angle control system are used to adjust the blowing angle of the artificial airflow relative to the wind speed and direction sensors to achieve high-altitude detection of wind speed and / or wind direction. The standard dial has an angle measurement range of 0–360° and a resolution of 2°. The standard dial angle control system simulates changes in wind direction angle by controlling changes in the standard dial angle.

[0086] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-3 As shown, the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device provided by this invention includes a flared inlet section 1, a front rectifier section 2, a power section 3, a rear rectifier section 4, a DC converter section 5, a honeycomb converter section 6, a contraction exhaust port section 7, a detection section 8, and a drive unit, etc., with each section connected by screws and nuts. The drive unit provides energy to the entire wind tunnel and consists of a servo motor 20, a fan rotating shaft 9, a bearing 10, a bearing housing 11, a bearing cover 12, a fan 13, a fan cover 14, connecting screws 15, connecting screws 16, connecting bolts 17, a bearing clamping nut 18, and a bearing anti-loosening nut 19, etc. The servo motor 20 is fixedly connected to one side of the servo motor mounting plate 30 of the power section 3 by screws. One end of the fan rotating shaft 9 is an inner hole, which mates with the shaft of the servo motor 20 for installation, and torque is transmitted through a key between the shaft and the hole. The inner ring of bearing 10 is fitted to the fan shaft 9, and the outer ring of bearing 10 is fitted to the inner hole of bearing housing 11. One side of bearing housing 11 is fitted to the other side of servo motor mounting plate 30. The servo motor 20, servo motor mounting plate 30, and bearing housing 11 are tightened together by screws. The other side of bearing housing 11 is connected to bearing cover 12 by bolts 17. The other end of fan shaft 9 is inserted into the hole of fan 13 for fitting, and torque is transmitted through the key between the shaft and the hole. Fan 13... Figure 10 As shown. Fan 13 is fixedly connected to fan shaft 9 by screw 16. Fan cover 14 is fixedly connected to fan shaft 9 by screw 15. One side of the inner ring of bearing 10 is limited by the boss of fan shaft 9, and the other side is pressed and fixed to fan shaft 9 by bearing clamping nut 18, and is prevented from loosening by bearing anti-loosening nut 19.

[0087] The drive unit is integrated and installed within the power section 3, which is the load-bearing component of the entire device. Figure 5As shown, the system includes a servo motor mounting plate 30, a pipe housing 31, anti-rotation blades 32, a fairing 33, a servo motor shaft through hole 34, a servo motor mounting hole 35, and a support ring seat 36. The power section 3 bears the torque and thrust generated by the fan 13 on the wind tunnel housing. The servo motor 20 drives the fan 13 to rotate, and the airflow continuously enters the wind tunnel from the horn-shaped inlet section 1. Because the fan 13 causes the airflow to twist or rotate, increasing its absolute velocity, in order to obtain the required exit velocity, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the fan 13 blades in this device adopt a RAE variable thickness airfoil profile, with 22 blades. Because the rotation of the fan 13 blades causes the airflow to twist or rotate, while increasing the pressure difference before and after the fan 13, it also leads to extremely turbulent flow behind the fan 13. To meet the outlet flow field quality requirements, anti-rotation blades 32 are arranged behind the fan 13, mainly to reduce and control the airflow rotation behind the fan 13 blades. Figure 11 As shown, the anti-rotation blade 32 has a C4 airfoil with a thickness of 10% of the chord length and 19 blades. The cross-section of the anti-rotation blade 32 is shown below. Figure 11 As shown. The anti-rotation blade 32 eliminates the speed of this torsion and converts it into pressure rise for the fan 13. After the airflow passes through the anti-rotation blade 32, the airflow is still relatively turbulent. A fairing guide vane 42 is designed behind it to smooth the airflow while also supporting the fairing. The guide vane adopts the NACA0008 airfoil design, with a total of 19 vanes evenly arranged circumferentially. To further ensure the uniformity of the outlet airflow, a DC section 5 and a honeycomb section 6 are arranged behind the guide vane. A wind speed and direction measuring device 60 is arranged on the upper side of the honeycomb section 6 to measure and acquire environmental wind characteristics, including wind speed and direction, when testing sensors on-site, and to correct the velocity field generated by this equipment. Figure 7 As shown, DC section 7 adopts an annular thin-walled structure with circumferential baffles, dividing the airflow into three parts: an inner ring, a middle ring, and an outer ring, further reducing airflow rotation. Figure 8As shown, the honeycomb section 6 adopts a thin-walled design with small holes in a regular hexagonal cross-section, with an aspect ratio of 12. The main function of these two parts is to further guide and divide larger airflow vortices, thus facilitating vortex attenuation. Simultaneously, due to the friction of the honeycomb pipe on the airflow, it also helps improve the velocity distribution of the airflow and, to some extent, reduces the turbulence and improves the uniformity of the outlet airflow. The converging exhaust section 7 uniformly accelerates the airflow to reach the required velocity at the outlet. The converging exhaust section adopts a modified fifth-order curve short converging section design with a converging ratio of 2.5, ensuring that the airflow monotonically increases in speed along the converging exhaust section without separation on the tunnel wall. The airflow at the outlet section of the converging exhaust section 7 is uniform, parallel, and stable, reducing energy loss. Simultaneously, it aims to reduce wind tunnel costs while satisfying the requirements for outlet airflow uniformity and turbulence. A video monitoring device 61 with visible light and / or infrared night vision capabilities is installed on the lower side of the honeycomb section 6 to acquire the positional characteristics of the wind speed and direction sensors. Finally, there is detection section 8, which is a conical expansion type with an expansion angle of 8° and a 10cm wide slot at the bottom, allowing wind speed and direction sensors to be inserted into the detection section for testing.

[0088] like Figure 4 As shown, the front rectifier section includes a pipe housing 21, a front rectifier 22, and rectifier head support plates 23, front support plates 24, and support ring seats 25, etc.; Figure 6 As shown, the rear rectifier section includes a pipe housing 41, rectifier guide vanes 42, a rear rectifier 43, a support ring seat 44, and a servo motor cable outlet 45. To reduce processing and installation difficulty, each section of the wind tunnel pipe is integrally formed using 3D printing technology, and then the sections are fixedly connected with screws and nuts.

[0089] Example 6: Flow Field Quality Test Data

[0090] The dynamic pressure stability coefficient η is defined as the ratio of the difference between the instantaneous maximum and minimum dynamic pressure values ​​to their sum within a specified time interval (typically 1 minute), i.e.:

[0091]

[0092] In the formula: q max q min - The maximum and minimum values ​​of instantaneous dynamic pressure.

[0093] Based on the definition of the dynamic pressure stability coefficient and the conditions of the test section in this wind tunnel, a standard anemometer was installed near the axis at the center of the test section. Within the commonly used dynamic pressure range, the change in dynamic pressure over time was measured, collecting data at 120 points within 1 minute. The data measured at the front orifice of the standard anemometer was the total pressure of the test section, and the data measured at the middle orifice was the static pressure. The difference between the two was the kinetic pressure. After each dynamic pressure stabilized, the maximum value q was selected. max and minimum value qmin Substituting these values ​​into the formula yields the dynamic pressure stability coefficient.

[0094]

[0095] The smaller the dynamic pressure stability coefficient, the better the airflow velocity stability in a low-speed wind tunnel, and the higher the flow field quality.

[0096] Example 7

[0097] This invention also provides a high-altitude detection method for a wind speed and direction sensor. The method employs the high-altitude detection system of the wind speed and direction sensor described in Examples 1-5 to perform high-altitude detection and / or calibration of the wind speed of the sensor. The method includes the following steps: raising and stabilizing the high-altitude detection system on the working plane of the wind speed and direction sensor; horizontally fixing a mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device at the detection position; setting wind speed test points, including two or more wind speed values ​​within 100 m / s, based on the wind speed measurement range and / or accuracy of the wind speed and direction sensor; starting the wind tunnel to generate a standard artificial airflow; adjusting the speed of the artificial airflow according to the wind speed test points; and recording the speed of n artificial airflows and the wind speed values ​​simultaneously measured by the wind speed and direction sensor after the artificial airflow speed stabilizes. Data analysis is then performed to obtain the detection and / or calibration results of the wind speed of the wind speed and direction sensor. The data analysis includes averaging the values ​​and performing error analysis.

[0098] The aforementioned high-altitude detection method also includes high-altitude detection and / or calibration of the wind speed and direction sensor, comprising the following steps: raising and stabilizing the high-altitude detection system on the working plane of the wind speed and direction sensor; horizontally fixing the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device at the detection position; setting wind direction test points according to the wind direction measurement range and / or accuracy of the wind speed and direction sensor, including at least two wind direction values ​​within 0 to 360° that meet the resolution requirements; starting the wind tunnel to generate a standard artificial airflow, adjusting the blowing angle of the artificial airflow relative to the wind speed and direction sensor according to the wind direction test points, and after the speed of the artificial airflow stabilizes, recording the wind direction of n artificial airflows and the wind direction values ​​simultaneously measured by the wind speed and direction sensor, and obtaining the detection and / or calibration results of the wind speed and direction sensor through data analysis; the data analysis includes taking the average value of each and performing error analysis.

[0099] The artificial airflow speed stabilizes within 0–30 minutes, and the speed and / or direction of n artificial airflows, along with the wind speed and / or direction values ​​measured simultaneously by wind speed and direction sensors, are measured at intervals of 1–30 minutes.

[0100] The high-altitude detection and / or calibration process includes acquiring the positions of wind speed and direction sensors via video monitoring devices of the high-altitude detection system to determine the detection location, and / or the blowing angle of the artificial airflow relative to the wind speed and direction sensors. The system also acquires environmental wind characteristics, including wind speed and / or wind direction, via wind speed and / or wind direction measurement devices, and further fits and / or subtracts the influence of environmental wind on the high-altitude detection and / or calibration.

[0101] Example 8

[0102] The wind speed and direction sensor is installed on the contact wire support pillar, approximately 4 meters above the rail surface. A track maintenance vehicle reaches the contact wire support pillar, raises the high-altitude detection system of the wind speed and direction sensor provided by this invention, and stabilizes it on the working plane of the wind speed and direction sensor. The position of the wind speed and direction sensor is obtained through a video monitoring device. An operator controls the wind tunnel's lateral movement platform to move the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device to its position and laterally fix it at the detection location of the wind speed and direction sensor. The drive device of the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device then starts working, generating a standard artificial airflow for testing. The wind tunnel wind speed adjustment system adjusts the speed of the artificial airflow according to the following wind speed test points to perform online testing of the static and dynamic performance of the wind speed and direction sensor.

[0103] Within the wind speed measurement range and accuracy detection range of the wind speed and direction sensors, eight wind speed test points were set: 5 m / s, 10 m / s, 15 m / s, 20 m / s, 25 m / s, 30 m / s, 40 m / s, 50 m / s, and 60 m / s. The wind tunnel was started, and the artificial airflow speed was set according to the wind speed test points. After the artificial airflow speed at the test points stabilized for 3 minutes, the artificial airflow speed and the measured wind speed simultaneously generated by the wind speed and direction sensors were read, with a data acquisition time of 1 minute. The ambient wind speed was obtained through the wind speed and direction measurement device of the high-altitude detection system, and the influence of the ambient wind on high-altitude detection and / or calibration was fitted and / or subtracted. At each wind speed test point, n (e.g., n=20) artificial airflow speed and the measured wind speed values ​​simultaneously generated by the wind speed and direction sensors were accumulated. The average value of the above data at each wind speed test point was calculated, and error analysis was used to determine whether the wind speed and direction sensors met the standard requirements.

[0104] At each wind speed test point, the measured wind speed values ​​x1, x2, x3..., x... generated by the n wind speed and direction sensors collected from the acquisition time t are calculated based on the following formula. i average The velocities of n artificial airflows are s1, s2, s3, ..., s2. i average Error between the measured average wind speed and the average speed of the artificial airflow

[0105]

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] The maximum permissible wind speed error varies depending on the type of wind speed and direction sensor. According to the technical specifications of wind speed and direction sensors, the maximum permissible wind speed error is ±(0.5+0.03×V)m / s for cup-type sensors, ±(1.0+0.03×V)m / s for propeller-type sensors, ±0.3m / s (<35.0m / s) and ±5%×V (>35.0m / s) for ultrasonic sensors, and ±0.5m / s (<10.0m / s) and ±5%×V (>10.0m / s) for thermal field sensors, where V is the displayed wind speed.

[0109] Example 9

[0110] The wind speed and direction sensor is installed on the contact wire support pillar, approximately 4 meters above the rail surface. A track maintenance vehicle reaches the contact wire support pillar, raises the high-altitude detection system of the wind speed and direction sensor provided by this invention, and stabilizes it on the working plane of the wind speed and direction sensor. The position of the wind speed and direction sensor is acquired through a video monitoring device. An operator controls the lateral movement platform of the wind tunnel to move the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device to its position and laterally fixes it at the detection position of the wind speed and direction sensor. The drive device of the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device then starts working, generating a standard artificial airflow for testing. Using a standard graduated circle and a standard graduated circle angle control system, the blowing angle of the artificial airflow relative to the wind speed and direction sensor is adjusted according to the following wind direction test points to perform online testing of the static and dynamic performance of the wind speed and direction sensor.

[0111] Within the wind speed and direction sensor's measurement range and accuracy, adjust the standard dial to make the sensor's wind direction output signal 0°. Then rotate the standard dial to the set wind direction test point angle to adjust the blowing angle of the artificial airflow relative to the wind speed and direction sensor. The wind speed test point setting method is as follows: starting from 0°, select a test point every 5°, for a total of 10 wind direction test points at 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, and 45°. Start the wind tunnel, and after the artificial airflow speed at the wind speed test point stabilizes for 2 minutes, read the wind direction of the artificial airflow and the wind direction value simultaneously measured by the wind speed and direction sensor, with a data acquisition time of 3 minutes. Use the wind speed and direction measurement device of the high-altitude detection system to obtain the wind direction of the ambient wind, and fit and / or subtract the influence of the ambient wind on high-altitude detection and / or calibration. At each wind direction test point, accumulate n (e.g., n=15) wind direction values ​​of the artificial airflow and the measured wind direction values ​​simultaneously generated by the wind speed and direction sensor. Calculate the average value of the above data at each wind direction test point, and determine whether the wind speed and wind direction sensors meet the standard requirements through error analysis.

[0112] At each wind direction test point, the measured wind direction values ​​y1, y2, y3..., y4, y5, y6, y7, y8, y9, y1, y2, y3, ... ... i average n artificial airflow direction values ​​w1, w2, w3..., w i average Error between the measured average wind direction and the average wind direction of the artificial airflow

[0113]

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] The maximum permissible wind direction angle error varies for different types of wind speed and direction sensors. The maximum permissible wind direction error for cup-type and propeller-type sensors is ±5°, while the maximum permissible wind direction error for ultrasonic and thermal field sensors is ±3%.

[0117] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-altitude detection system for wind speed and direction sensors, characterized in that, The high-altitude detection system is installed on the transport operation platform, and is lifted and stabilized on the working plane of the wind speed and direction sensor by the platform. It is used for real-time high-altitude detection and calibration of the wind speed and direction sensor to meet the calibration requirements of the sensor under different wind speed environments in different areas. The high-altitude detection system includes a mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device, a wind tunnel lateral movement platform, a wind tunnel wind speed adjustment system, a standard dial, and a standard dial angle control system; the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device includes a horn-shaped air inlet section, a front rectifier section, a power section, a rear rectifier section, a DC converter section, a honeycomb section, a contraction exhaust port section, a detection section, and a drive device; the drive device includes a fan, a fan rotating shaft, a servo motor, a bearing, a bearing housing, and a bearing cover; the servo motor drives the fan to rotate through the fan rotating shaft; The DC section includes an annular thin-walled structure, which is divided into an inner ring, a middle ring and an outer ring by a circumferential partition to reduce airflow rotation; The fan blades are RAE variable thickness axial flow airfoil blades, with 15 to 30 blades; anti-rotation blades are provided behind the fan, and the anti-rotation blades are airfoil blades with a thickness of 5% to 15% of the chord length, with 15 to 30 blades; the honeycomb section adopts a small hole thin-walled design with a regular hexagonal cross section and a length-to-slenderness ratio of 12 to 15; the contraction exhaust port section adopts a short contraction section design with a modified fifth power curve and a contraction ratio of 1 to 4. The mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device also includes a wind speed and direction measuring device for acquiring the characteristics of the ambient wind, including wind speed and wind direction.

2. The high-altitude detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transportation operation platform includes track maintenance vehicles, which include tunnel maintenance vehicles and overhead contact line maintenance vehicles.

3. The high-altitude detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device is a segmented assembly type, used to generate a standard artificial airflow with a wind speed ≤100m / s for testing; the wind tunnel lateral movement platform pushes the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device laterally to the detection position of the wind speed and direction sensor; the wind tunnel wind speed adjustment system adjusts the speed of the artificial airflow according to the wind speed test requirements; the standard dial and standard dial angle control system are used to adjust the blowing angle of the artificial airflow relative to the wind speed and direction sensor, so as to realize high-altitude detection of wind speed and / or wind direction.

4. The high-altitude detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front rectifier section includes a pipe housing, a front rectifier, a rectifier head support plate, a front support plate, and a support ring seat; the rear rectifier section includes a pipe housing, a rear rectifier, rectifier guide vanes, and a support ring seat; the power section includes a pipe housing, a rectifier, and a support ring seat; the drive device is installed inside the rectifier of the power section.

5. The high-altitude detection system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The fairing guide vanes adopt the NACA0001~NACA0020 airfoil design, with 10~40 guide vanes evenly arranged along the circumference.

6. The high-altitude detection system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The fairing guide vanes adopt the NACA0005~NACA0015 airfoil design, with 15~30 guide vanes; the fairing of the power section is a constant-straight fairing.

7. The high-altitude detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detection section is a conical expansion with an expansion angle of 5° to 10° and a bottom groove width of 5cm to 12cm. The wind speed and direction sensor extends into the detection section for detection.

8. The high-altitude detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device is assembled by machining and / or 3D printing each pipe section separately, and then fixedly connected.

9. The high-altitude detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A wind speed and direction measuring device is installed on the outside of the honeycomb section.

10. The high-altitude detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device also includes a video monitoring device with visible light and / or infrared night vision capabilities, used to acquire the positional characteristics of the wind speed and direction sensors. The video surveillance device is installed on the outside of the cell segment.

11. The high-altitude detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The standard dial has an angle measurement range of 0~360° and a resolution of 1~25°.

12. A method for high-altitude detection of wind speed and direction using a wind speed and direction sensor, characterized in that, A high-altitude detection system for a wind speed and direction sensor, as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, is used to perform high-altitude detection and / or calibration of the wind speed and direction sensor. The system comprises the following steps: raising and stabilizing the high-altitude detection system on the working plane of the wind speed and direction sensor; horizontally fixing the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device at the detection position; setting wind speed test points, including two or more wind speed values ​​within 100 m / s, based on the wind speed measurement range and / or accuracy of the wind speed and direction sensor; starting the wind tunnel to generate a standard artificial airflow; adjusting the speed of the artificial airflow according to the wind speed test points; and recording n speeds of the artificial airflow and the wind speed values ​​simultaneously measured by the wind speed and direction sensor after the artificial airflow speed stabilizes. Data analysis is then performed to obtain the detection and / or calibration results of the wind speed and direction sensor. The data analysis includes averaging the values ​​and performing error analysis.

13. The high-altitude detection method as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The high-altitude detection method further includes high-altitude detection and / or calibration of the wind speed and direction sensor, comprising the following steps: raising and stabilizing the high-altitude detection system on the working plane of the wind speed and direction sensor; horizontally fixing the mobile outdoor direct-blowing low-speed wind tunnel device at the detection position; setting wind direction test points according to the wind direction measurement range and / or accuracy of the wind speed and direction sensor, including at least two wind direction values ​​within 0~360° that meet the resolution requirements; starting the wind tunnel to generate a standard artificial airflow, adjusting the blowing angle of the artificial airflow relative to the wind speed and direction sensor according to the wind direction test points, and after the speed of the artificial airflow stabilizes, recording the wind direction of n artificial airflows and the wind direction value simultaneously measured by the wind speed and direction sensor, and obtaining the detection and / or calibration results of the wind direction sensor through data analysis; the data analysis includes taking the average value of each and performing error analysis.

14. The high-altitude detection method as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The artificial airflow speed stabilizes within 0 to 30 minutes, and the speed of the n artificial airflows and the wind speed and / or wind direction values ​​measured simultaneously by the wind speed and direction sensors are measured at intervals of 1 to 30 minutes.

15. The high-altitude detection method as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The high-altitude detection and / or calibration process includes acquiring the characteristics of the ambient wind, including wind speed and / or wind direction, through the wind speed and direction measurement device of the high-altitude detection system, and further fitting and / or subtracting the influence of the ambient wind on the high-altitude detection and / or calibration.

16. The high-altitude detection method as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The high-altitude detection and / or calibration process includes acquiring the position of the wind speed and direction sensor through the video monitoring device of the high-altitude detection system to determine the detection position, and / or the blowing angle of the artificial airflow relative to the wind speed and direction sensor.

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