Electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester and harvesting method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester and a harvesting method thereof, comprising a swinging straw separating device, a cutting platform, an inclined conveying device, and a frame mechanism. When the harvester is working, the cutting platform and the straw separating device are independently driven by a motor to operate multiple working parts. The harvesting method of the present invention includes the following processes: swinging straw separating, vine pressing, pneumatic support, stem diameter sorting, rotary cutting, pneumatic blowing, conveying with a conveyor belt, and collecting in a collection box. The machine uses a lithium battery as a power source, is clean and pollution-free, has a high degree of automation, causes little damage to the sweet potato vines, is conducive to multiple harvests, reduces labor intensity, saves labor and costs, improves the efficiency of harvesting leaf-eating sweet potato stems and leaves, and is conducive to promoting the large-scale planting of leaf-eating sweet potatoes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable harvesting machinery, and in particular relates to an electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester and a harvesting method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sweet potato, also known as sweet potato, sweet potato, and yam, is a sweet potato plant of the Convolvulaceae family. It is an annual herb with round, oval, or spindle-shaped tubers in the underground part. The stem is flat or ascending, occasionally twining, multi-branched, cylindrical or ridged, with a diameter of 4-6 mm. The tubers of common sweet potato varieties are the staple food, but the present invention is mainly aimed at leaf-eating sweet potatoes, whose underground tubers are not suitable for consumption. The stems and leaves of sweet potatoes are very nutritious, and the leaves are emerald green, fresh, and refreshing. Sweet potato leaves have a special flavor and are rich in nutrients that are incomparable to many vegetables. The carotene content of their leaves is nearly 4 times higher than that of carrots, and the crude protein, iron, calcium, and vitamin content are also higher than those of ordinary vegetables. Sweet potato leaves can enhance immune function, improve the body's disease resistance, promote metabolism, delay aging, lower blood sugar, promote defecation and urination, stop bleeding, and prevent arteriosclerosis. To some extent, sweet potato leaves are more nutritious than sweet potatoes. However, their harvesting currently relies mainly on manual harvesting by vegetable farmers using scissors and sickles. The labor intensity is high, the cost is high, and the production efficiency is low, which restricts their large-scale planting. However, there is currently no machinery suitable for harvesting leaf-edible sweet potato stems and leaves on the market. It is necessary to develop a leaf-edible sweet potato stem and leaf harvester.

[0003] The stems and leaves of leaf-eating sweet potatoes can be harvested multiple times, so harvesting requires minimal damage to the main vine, and a few leaves must remain on each vine to support photosynthesis. Vine-cutting machines for common root-eating sweet potatoes typically perform a single cut before harvest, with the remaining vines used as fodder. This yields a relatively rough harvest and is not suitable for leaf-eating sweet potato stems and leaves. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester and a harvesting method thereof, so as to solve the problem of rough harvesting effect in the prior art, improve the harvesting efficiency and quality of leaf-eating sweet potato stems and leaves, and promote large-scale planting of leaf-eating sweet potatoes.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester, including a cutting table, a swinging straw separating device, an inclined conveying device, and a frame mechanism; the cutting table is located in front of the frame mechanism and is arranged horizontally; the inclined conveying device is located above the frame mechanism and is connected to the frame mechanism through a hanging ear plate, and the inclined conveying device is located above and behind the cutting table and is fixedly connected to the cutting table; the swinging straw separating device is located above the cutting table and is fixedly connected to the inclined conveying device through fasteners, and the end is located in front of the cutting table.

[0006] In the above scheme, the cutting platform mainly includes an eccentrically driven star-shaped blade, a stem diameter sorting plate, a fixed plate under the cutting knife, a fixed plate connector, a U-shaped vine pressing frame, a common motor for blowing, cutting and picking, a volute fan, a cutting active pulley, a cutting driven pulley, a yoke rod, a yoke rod slide rail, a connecting rod, a synchronous rod, a corrugated baffle conveyor belt, a fan fixed plate, a secondary transmission pulley, a bevel gear transmission mechanism, a corrugated baffle conveyor belt driven pulley, a right side fixed plate of the conveyor belt shaft, a corrugated baffle conveyor belt active pulley, a left side fixed plate of the conveyor belt shaft, an air duct fixed plate, an air duct, and a right side baffle; the The eccentrically driven star-shaped blades are horizontally installed on the fixed plate under the cutter at equal intervals. The stem diameter sorting plate is fixed in the installation gap between the eccentrically driven star-shaped blade and the fixed plate under the cutter, and is connected to the fixed plate under the cutter by bolts. The fixed plate under the cutter is connected to the U-shaped vine pressing frame through a fixed plate connector; the left and right sides of the U-shaped vine pressing frame are respectively fixed with an air duct fixed plate and a right baffle. The rear end of the air duct fixed plate is connected to the left fixed plate of the conveyor belt shaft by a fastener, and the rear end of the right baffle is connected to the right fixed plate of the conveyor belt shaft. The outer side of the right baffle is connected to the fan fixed plate Plate; the volute fan is horizontally installed on the inner side of the fan fixed plate, the blowing and cutting common motor is installed above the volute fan, the cutting active pulley is installed below the volute fan, and the volute fan and the cutting active pulley are coaxially fixed; the cutting driven pulley and the cutting active pulley are installed on the same horizontal plane, the yoke rod slide rail is horizontally installed above the cutting driven pulley, and the yoke rod is installed between the yoke rod slide rails; the synchronization rod is installed above the eccentric drive star blade and is connected to the yoke rod through a connecting rod; the secondary transmission pulley and the cutting driven pulley are installed on On the same horizontal plane, the bevel gear transmission mechanism is coaxially fixed above the secondary transmission pulley; the corrugated baffle conveyor belt driving pulley is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the bevel gear transmission mechanism, and the corrugated baffle conveyor belt driven pulley is installed on the same vertical plane as the corrugated baffle conveyor belt driving pulley; the corrugated baffle conveyor belt is installed above the inclined rear end of the fixed plate under the cutter, and the corrugated baffle conveyor belt roller shaft is fixed by the fixed plate on the left side of the conveyor belt shaft and the fixed plate on the right side of the conveyor belt shaft, and the corrugated baffle conveyor belt driven pulley is installed on the fixed corrugated baffle conveyor belt roller shaft.

[0007] In the above scheme, the swinging grain separating device includes a fixed square column, a lifting arm electric push rod, a lifting arm, a swinging grain separating motor, a partition, a grain separating end fixed block, a grain separating end, a lifting partition locking rod, a rotating disk, a lifting arm rotating shaft, an intermittent swing arc ring, a swing rod, a connecting rod, a sliding rod, a left end fixed circular tube, a middle end fixed circular tube, a right end fixed circular tube, a partition lifting control shaft, a partition lifting mechanism fixing plate, a partition lifting mechanism, and a straight groove plate; the bottom of the fixed square column is connected to the vehicle body, the lifting arm is installed on the top of the fixed square column and is fixed by the lifting arm rotating shaft, the lifting arm electric push rod is installed between the fixed square column and the lifting arm, and is connected by a hanging ear plate; the swinging grain separating motor is fixed below the rear end of the lifting arm, and the rotating disk is installed above the lifting arm and is coaxial with the swinging grain separating motor; The intermittent swinging arc ring is installed above the rotating disc, the swinging rod is installed above the intermittent swinging arc ring, the sliding rod is installed in the slide rail above the front end of the lifting arm, and is connected to the swinging rod through a connecting rod; the left end fixed circular tube, the middle end fixed circular tube, and the right end fixed circular tube are respectively fixed to the corresponding positions of the sliding rod, and the dividing end fixed block is installed in front of each end fixed circular tube, and the dividing end is located in front of the dividing end fixed block and is connected by fasteners; the partition lifting mechanism is located behind the dividing end and is fixed to the bottom of the lifting arm through the partition lifting mechanism fixing plate; the partition is fixed to the end of the partition lifting mechanism, the lifting partition control shaft is fixed to the partition lifting mechanism, and the lifting partition locking rod is fixed to the end of the lifting partition control shaft and passes through the straight groove plate welded on the upper part of the partition on the same side.

[0008] In the above scheme, the inclined conveying device includes an inclined conveyor belt, a narrowing plate, a conveying motor fixing plate, a conveying motor, a conveyor belt tensioning mechanism, and a conveyor belt support frame; the inclined conveyor belt is supported by the conveyor belt support frame and is provided with a conveyor belt tensioning mechanism, and narrowing plates and conveying motor fixing plates are fixed on both sides of the conveyor belt support frame, the conveying motor is fixed on the conveying motor fixing plate, and the inclined conveyor belt is driven by a pulley.

[0009] In the above scheme, the frame mechanism includes a driving wheel assembly, a frame, a height-adjusting electric push rod, an electrical box, a universal wheel assembly, a collection box, and a control box; the driving wheel assembly is fixedly connected to both sides of the front end of the frame, and a hub motor is provided in the driving wheel assembly; the universal wheel assembly is fixedly connected to the rear end of the frame by bolts and nuts; the height-adjusting electric push rod is hinged to the middle longitudinal beam of the frame and the middle cross beam of the conveyor belt support frame through hanging ears; the electrical box and the collection box are respectively fixed to the middle and rear parts of the frame, and the control box is fixed to the armrest part of the frame.

[0010] In the above scheme, the cutting table, lifting arm and partition height can be adjusted separately; the cutting table is adjusted according to the cutting height, which is achieved by the inclined conveying device hinged to the frame and the height adjustment electric push rod; the lifting arm height is adjusted accordingly by the lifting arm electric push rod, and the partition height is adjusted accordingly by the partition lifting mechanism to adapt to different cutting table heights.

[0011] In the above scheme, the cutting width of the cutting table is 1000 mm~1500 mm, the number of the eccentrically driven star-shaped blades is 4~7, the blade material is 40Cr, the diameter is 120 mm~150 mm, the cutting edge is at the four star-shaped corners, and the cutting is carried out using the sliding cutting principle with a sliding cutting angle of 40°~55°; the blade is welded with an eccentric shaft, the material is carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.4%~0.7%, the diameter is 20 mm~30 mm, and the length is 60 mm~80 mm; the number of the stem diameter sorting plates is 4~7, the gap width is 3 mm~6 mm, the depth is 20 mm~70 mm, and the height of the front vertical leaf guard part is 15 mm~30 mm; the width of the U-shaped vine pressing frame is 1000 mm~1500 mm, and the longitudinal beam divides the U-shaped vine pressing frame into 4~7 small intervals; the length of the yoke rod is 300 mm~500 mm, and the length of the synchronization rod is 700 mm~1200 mm.

[0012] In the above scheme, there are two fixed square columns, with a horizontal spacing of 950mm~1450mm, a height of 500mm~600mm, and a cross-sectional size of 50mm×50 mm, there is an axial hole at the top with a diameter of 30mm~50mm, and a mounting hole at the bottom with a diameter of 10mm~16mm; the lifting arm is 850mm~1000mm in length and 50mm~60mm in width, and the front end is provided with a sliding track with an inner diameter of 20mm~30mm, and the rear end has a axial hole with a diameter of 30mm~50mm; the rotating disc has a diameter of 80mm~100mm, and is provided with an eccentric shaft with a diameter of 20mm~30mm and a height of 10mm~15mm; the intermittent swinging arc ring gap is 10mm~15mm, and a fixed plate is provided on the outside to fix the swing rod; the swing rod is 600mm~700mm in length, fixedly connected to the intermittent swinging arc ring and hinged to the lifting arm; the swinging motor drives the rotating disc to rotate, and the eccentric shaft part of the rotating disc drives the intermittent swinging arc ring and the swing rod to swing intermittently, and through the connecting rod The movement is converted into horizontal reciprocating movement of the sliding rod in the sliding track at the front end of the lifting arm; the left end fixed circular tube and the right end fixed circular tube are "Z-shaped", and the middle end fixed circular tube is "L-shaped", and the rear end of the dividing end fixed block has a cylindrical protrusion for inserting into the circular tube for fixation; the dividing end is "tweezers-shaped", and the front end angle is 30°~35°, which is convenient for entering between the sweet potato vines; there are 1 / 4 spherical structure empty shells on both sides of the middle part, which are used to separate the entangled vines and reduce losses; the rear end bolt hole is used to connect with the dividing end fixed block; the number of the partition lifting mechanisms is 5~8, which are arranged horizontally at equal intervals. The partition is stamped and formed, and the structure is divided into three parts: the bottom plate and the left and right side plates welded to the partition lifting mechanism. The partition lifting mechanism is lifted and lowered by manually controlling the lifting and lowering partition locking rod. The rear end of the partition locking rod is threaded and locked by a straight slot plate and a matching nut.

[0013] The present invention also provides a harvesting method of an electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1: adjusting the cutting height of the cutting platform from the ground according to the cutting height requirement: controlling the extension and retraction of the height-adjusting electric push rod to drive the inclined conveying device hinged to the frame mechanism through the hanging ear plate to shake, thereby changing the height of the cutting platform from the ground, that is, the cutting height changes; after adjusting the cutting platform to the specified height, the height-adjusting electric push rod 4 is powered off; S2: starting the common motor for blowing, cutting and plucking, and the volute fan, eccentrically driven star blade and corrugated baffle conveyor belt work in sequence. A trial cutting can be carried out in the field first to facilitate adjusting the common motor for blowing, cutting and plucking to a suitable speed; starting the swinging grain-dividing motor, and the grain-dividing end starts to do reciprocating motion; feeding the hub motor of the driving wheel assembly Turn on the power, adjust the hub motor to the appropriate speed, start the conveying motor, and the operator pushes the handrail, then the harvester starts to walk and harvest by itself; the operator needs to apply a forward thrust through the handrail because: the driving wheel and the universal wheel are independent, and the universal wheel moves with it, and the forward direction of the harvester is uncertain, so the operator needs to apply a forward thrust. Since this thrust is mainly used to control the forward direction of the machine, not to push the harvester, the required thrust is relatively small; S3: The swinging grain dividing motor drives the coaxial rotating disc to rotate, and the intermittent swinging arc ring installed above the eccentric shaft of the rotating disc then swings intermittently. The swinging rod fixed on the intermittent swinging arc ring, the connecting rod, and the sliding rod form a crank-connecting rod mechanism, which converts the swing into the horizontal reciprocating movement of the sliding rod, through The straw dividing end fixed block and the straw dividing end connected to the fixed circular tube and the sliding rod then move back and forth horizontally, aligning the straw dividing end between the row spacings and pushing the machine along the growth direction of the sweet potato vines. The entangled stems and leaves are separated by the horizontal reciprocating movement, and the partition blocks the separated stems and leaves. The crossbeams of the U-shaped vine pressing frame press down and flatten the sweet potato vines that grow naturally bent upward, causing the stems and leaves on both sides to be on the same horizontal plane, which is convenient for cutting with a knife. The main vines of the sweet potato vines are under the U-shaped vine pressing frame, and the stems and leaves on both sides restore their inclined upright state to a certain extent after the crossbeams of the U-shaped vine pressing frame pass through. The airflow generated by the volute fan installed in the front and upper part of the U-shaped vine pressing frame is evenly blown to the back of the U-shaped vine pressing frame through the air duct, and the stems to be cut entering the U-shaped vine pressing frame are further restored to vertical under the action of sufficient wind speed. state, convenient for cutting; stem diameter sorting plates with different gap widths are selected according to harvesting requirements, and stems that meet the requirements enter the gap and are subsequently cut; stems that do not meet the requirements are bent twice by the sorting plates to avoid being cut and provide nutrition for the next crop; eccentrically driven star-shaped blades are installed in the horizontal direction of the row spacing, and multiple blades are driven by a common motor for blowing, cutting and shifting to perform synchronous cutting; the cut stems and leaves are first blown to the corrugated baffle conveyor belt, and the roller shaft of the corrugated baffle conveyor belt rotates under the action of the common motor for blowing, cutting and shifting through multi-stage transmission. The corrugated baffle conveyor belt rotates with the roller shaft, and the corrugated baffle pushes the stems and leaves onto the inclined conveyor belt, and then transports them to the collection box at the rear; the collection box accommodates the stems and leaves transported by the conveyor belt, and when one collection box is full, it can be quickly replaced with another collection box;S4: After the harvesting work is completed, the hub motor, the swinging grain-separating motor 204, the common motor for blowing, cutting and plowing, and the conveying motor are powered off, and the harvester stops.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The harvesting operation process of "vine pressing - pneumatic support - stem diameter sorting - rotary cutting - pneumatic blowing - conveying with conveyor belt - collection in a collection box" is adopted to avoid damage to stems and leaves, realize the combined operation of cutting and collecting, make the harvesting process smooth, improve the harvesting efficiency, ensure the commercial vegetable quality of the stems and leaves of leaf-edible sweet potatoes, and is conducive to the large-scale cultivation of leaf-edible sweet potatoes. 2. The intermittent swing of the straw separating device effectively solves the problem of vine entanglement and reduces the pulling damage of the main vine; 3. The vine pressing method enables the stems and leaves to be cut at a uniform cutting height, effectively reducing the difficulty and number of blade installation, and reducing costs; 4. The cutting table adopts a single power drive, with high power utilization and compact structure; 5. The wind blowing method is adopted, which effectively avoids the damage to the rice seedlings by traditional mechanical methods; 6. The inclined conveyor belt is used to transport the sweet potato vines and leaves, making the collection process smooth and improving the harvesting efficiency; 7. The collection box is clean and hygienic on the one hand, and improves the turnover and subsequent processing efficiency of the leaf-eating sweet potato stems and leaves on the other hand; 8. The whole machine is powered by a lithium battery, which is clean and pollution-free, ensuring the cleanliness and hygiene of the sweet potato vines and leaves; the hub motor is used to achieve self-propelled movement of the machine, reducing the labor intensity of the operator; 9. The electric push rod is used to adjust the height of the cutting table and straw separating device. The adjustment process is fully automated, which reduces labor intensity and saves harvesting costs. Only one person is needed to complete the operation, saving labor. 10. The machine weighs 50~60 kg, which is relatively small and reduces the damage to the sweet potato vines caused by crushing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a front stereoscopic image of an electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester.

[0016] Figure 2 This is the left view of the electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a rear perspective view of the header.

[0018] Figure 4 The top view of the header.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a rear perspective view of the header drive system.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a top view of the header drive system.

[0021] Figure 7 This is the left side view of the header transmission system.

[0022] Figure 8It is a rear perspective view of the cutter transmission part.

[0023] Figure 9 It is a rear perspective view of the pneumatic structure transmission part.

[0024] Figure 10 It is a rear perspective view of the transmission part of the corrugated baffle conveyor belt.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the eccentrically driven star-shaped blade.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the eccentrically driven star blade structure.

[0027] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the stem diameter sorting plate structure.

[0028] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed plate under the cutting knife.

[0029] Figure 15 It is the front view of the swinging grain separating device.

[0030] Figure 16 It is the left view of the swinging grain separating device.

[0031] Figure 17 It is a top view of the swing mechanism.

[0032] Figure 18 It is a schematic diagram of the swing principle structure.

[0033] Figure 19 It is a rear perspective view of the lifting partition mechanism.

[0034] Figure 20 It is a structural diagram of the lifting mechanism.

[0035] Figure 21 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting arm.

[0036] Figure 22 This is a structural diagram of the terminal end of the division.

[0037] Figure 23 This is the left side view of the vehicle body.

[0038] Figure 24 Schematic diagram of the frame structure.

[0039] Figure 25 Schematic diagram of the conveyor belt support structure.

[0040] In the figure: 1 cutting table, 101 eccentric drive star blade, 102 stem diameter sorting plate, 103 cutting knife lower fixed plate, 104 fixed plate connecting piece, 105 U-shaped vine pressing frame, 106 common motor for blowing, cutting and picking, 107 volute fan, 108 cutting active pulley, 109 cutting driven pulley, 110 yoke, 111 yoke slide rail, 112 connecting rod, 113 synchronization rod, 114 corrugated baffle conveyor belt, 115 fan fixed plate , 116 secondary transmission pulley, 117 bevel gear transmission mechanism, 118 corrugated baffle conveyor belt driven pulley, 119 conveyor belt shaft right fixed plate, 120 corrugated baffle conveyor belt active pulley, 121 conveyor belt shaft left fixed plate, 122 air duct fixed plate, 123 air duct, 124 right baffle, 2 swinging grain separating device, 201 fixed square column, 202 lifting arm electric push rod, 203 lifting arm, 204 swinging grain separating motor , 205 partition, 206 the end of the rice division fixed block, 207 the end of the rice division, 208 the lifting partition locking rod, 209 the rotating disc, 210 the lifting arm rotating shaft, 211 the intermittent swing arc ring, 212 the swing rod, 213 the connecting rod, 214 the sliding rod, 215 the left end fixed circular tube, 216 the middle end fixed circular tube, 217 the right end fixed circular tube, 218 the partition lifting control shaft, 219 the partition lifting mechanism fixed plate, 220 the partition lifting mechanism, 221 the straight groove plate, 3 inclined conveying device, 301 inclined conveyor belt, 302 narrowing plate, 303 conveying motor fixing plate, 304 conveying motor, 305 conveyor belt tensioning mechanism, 306 conveyor belt support frame, 4 frame mechanism, 401 driving wheel assembly, 402 frame, 403 height adjustment electric push rod, 404 electrical box, 405 universal wheel assembly, 406 collection box, 407 control box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the present invention is an electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvesting method and harvester, which is characterized in that it includes a cutting table 1, a swinging straw separating device 2, an inclined conveying device 3, and a frame mechanism 4; the cutting table 1 is located in front of the frame mechanism 4 and is arranged horizontally; the inclined conveying device 3 is located above the frame mechanism 4 and is connected to the frame mechanism 4 through a hanging ear plate, and the inclined conveying device 3 is located above and behind the cutting table 1 and is fixedly connected to the cutting table 1; the swinging straw separating device 2 is located above the cutting table 1 and is fixedly connected to the inclined conveying device 3 through fasteners, and the end is located in front of the cutting table 1.

[0043] The cutting platform 1 mainly includes an eccentrically driven star-shaped blade 101, a stem diameter sorting plate 102, a fixed plate under the cutting knife 103, a fixed plate connecting piece 104, a U-shaped vine pressing frame 105, a common motor for blowing, cutting and picking 106, a volute fan 107, a cutting active pulley 108, a cutting driven pulley 109, a yoke rod 110, a yoke rod slide rail 111, a connecting rod 112, a synchronous rod 113, a corrugated baffle conveyor belt 114, a fan fixed plate 115, a secondary transmission pulley 116, a bevel gear transmission mechanism 117, a corrugated baffle conveyor belt driven pulley 118, a right side fixed plate 119 of the conveyor belt shaft, a corrugated baffle conveyor belt active pulley 120, a left side fixed plate 121 of the conveyor belt shaft, an air duct fixed plate 122, an air duct 123, and a right side baffle 124. The eccentrically driven star-shaped blades 101 are horizontally installed at equal intervals on the lower fixed plate 103 of the cutter. The stem diameter sorting plate 102 is fixed in the installation gap between the eccentrically driven star-shaped blades 101 and the lower fixed plate 103 of the cutter, and is connected to the lower fixed plate 103 of the cutter by bolts. The lower fixed plate 103 of the cutter is connected to the U-shaped vine pressing frame 105 through the fixed plate connector 104; the left and right sides of the U-shaped vine pressing frame 105 are respectively fixed with the air duct fixing plate 122 and the right baffle 124. The rear end of the air duct fixing plate 122 is connected by a The fasteners are connected to the left fixed plate 121 of the conveyor belt shaft, the rear end of the right baffle 124 is connected to the right fixed plate 119 of the conveyor belt shaft, and the outer side of the right baffle 124 is connected to the fan fixed plate 115; the volute fan 107 is horizontally installed on the upper inner side of the fan fixed plate 115, the blowing and cutting common motor 106 is installed above the volute fan 107, the cutting active pulley 108 is installed below the volute fan 107, and the volute fan 107 is coaxially fixed with the cutting active pulley 108; the cutting driven pulley 109 is fixed with the The cutting driving pulley 108 is installed on the same horizontal plane, the yoke rod slide 111 is installed horizontally above the cutting driven pulley 109, and the yoke rod 110 is installed between the yoke rod slide 111; the synchronization rod 113 is installed above the eccentric drive star blade 101 and is connected to the yoke rod 110 through the connecting rod 112; the secondary transmission pulley 116 and the cutting driven pulley 109 are installed on the same horizontal plane, and the bevel gear transmission mechanism 117 is coaxially fixed above the secondary transmission pulley 116; the corrugated baffle conveyor belt main The driven pulley 120 is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the bevel gear transmission mechanism 117, and the driven pulley 118 of the corrugated baffle conveyor belt and the active pulley 120 of the corrugated baffle conveyor belt are installed in the same vertical plane; the corrugated baffle conveyor belt 114 is installed above the inclined rear end of the fixed plate 103 under the cutter, and the roller shaft of the corrugated baffle conveyor belt 114 is fixed by the fixed plate 121 on the left side of the conveyor belt shaft and the fixed plate 119 on the right side of the conveyor belt shaft, and the driven pulley 118 of the corrugated baffle conveyor belt is installed on the fixed roller shaft of the corrugated baffle conveyor belt 114.

[0044] like Figures 5 to 14As shown, the cutting table 1 is powered by a common motor 106 for blowing, cutting and picking, and each working part is powered separately. The motor shaft drives the volute fan 107 to work and the cutting active pulley 108 to rotate in turn. The cutting active pulley 108 and the cutting driven pulley 109 are transmitted through a belt; the eccentric shaft part of the cutting driven pulley 109 converts the rotation of the pulley into a horizontal reciprocating motion of the yoke rod 110 in the yoke rod slide rail 111, and drives the synchronous rod 113 fixed to the eccentric shaft of the eccentric drive star blade 101 to rotate around the fixed axis of the eccentric drive star blade 101 through the connecting rod 112. , and then the eccentrically driven star-shaped blade 101 completes the cutting; the cutting driven pulley 109 and the secondary transmission pulley 116 complete the secondary transmission, the secondary transmission pulley 116 drives the input shaft of the bevel gear transmission mechanism 117 to rotate, and the bevel gear transmission mechanism 117 completes the steering and drives the corrugated baffle conveyor belt active pulley 120 to rotate through the output shaft, and the corrugated baffle conveyor belt driven pulley 118 completes the transmission through the belt and the corrugated baffle conveyor belt active pulley 120, thereby driving the roller shaft of the corrugated baffle conveyor belt 114 to rotate, so that the corrugated baffle conveyor belt 114 works normally.

[0045] The cutting width of the cutting table 1 is 1000 mm~1500 mm, the number of the eccentrically driven star-shaped blades 101 is 4~7, the blade material is 40Cr, the diameter is 120 mm~150 mm, the cutting edge is at the four star-shaped corners, and the sliding cutting principle is used for cutting, and the sliding cutting angle is 40°~55°; the blade is welded with an eccentric shaft, the material is carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.4%~0.7%, the diameter is 20 mm~30 mm, and the length is 60 mm~80 mm; the number of the stem diameter sorting plates 102 is 4~7, the gap width is 3 mm~6 mm, the depth is 20 mm~70 mm, and the height of the front vertical leaf barrier is 15 mm~30 mm; the width of the U-shaped vine pressing rack 105 is 1000 mm~1500mm, the longitudinal beam divides the U-shaped rattan pressure frame 105 into 4~7 small intervals; the length of the yoke rod 110 is 300mm~500mm, and the length of the synchronization rod 113 is 700mm~1200mm.

[0046] like Figures 15-18As shown, the swinging straw separating device 2 includes a fixed square column 201, a lifting arm electric push rod 202, a lifting arm 203, a swinging straw separating motor 204, a partition 205, a straw separating end fixed block 206, a straw separating end 207, a lifting partition locking rod 208, a rotating disc 209, a lifting arm rotating shaft 210, an intermittent swinging arc ring 211, a swing rod 212, a connecting rod 213, a sliding rod 214, a left end fixed circular tube 215, a middle end fixed circular tube 216, a right end fixed circular tube 217, a partition lifting control shaft 218, a partition lifting mechanism fixed plate 219, a partition lifting mechanism 220, and a straight groove plate 221. The bottom of the fixed square column 201 is connected to the narrowing plate 302 in the inclined conveying device 3, the lifting arm 203 is installed on the top of the fixed square column 201 and is fixed by the lifting arm rotating shaft 210, the lifting arm electric push rod 202 is installed between the fixed square column 201 and the lifting arm 203, and is connected by a hanging ear plate; the swinging grain-dividing motor 204 is fixed below the rear end of the lifting arm 203, and the rotating disc 209 is installed above the lifting arm 203 and is coaxial with the swinging grain-dividing motor 204; the intermittent swinging arc ring 211 is installed above the rotating disc 209, the swing rod 212 is installed above the intermittent swinging arc ring 211, and the sliding rod 214 is installed in the slide rail above the front end of the lifting arm 203, and is connected to the swing rod 212 through the connecting rod 213; The left end fixed circular tube 215, the middle end fixed circular tube 216, and the right end fixed circular tube 217 are respectively fixed to the corresponding positions of the sliding rod 214, and the grain dividing end fixed block 206 is installed in front of each end fixed circular tube. The grain dividing end 207 is located in front of the grain dividing end fixed block 206 and is connected by fasteners; the partition lifting mechanism 220 is located behind the grain dividing end 207 and is fixed to the bottom of the lifting arm 203 through the partition lifting mechanism fixing plate 219; the partition 205 is fixed to the end of the partition lifting mechanism 220, and the lifting partition control shaft 218 is fixed to the partition lifting mechanism 220, and the lifting partition locking rod is fixed to the end of the lifting partition control shaft 218, and passes through the straight groove plate 221 welded to the upper part of the partition 205 on the same side.

[0047] like Figures 19 to 25As shown, the inclined conveying device 3 includes an inclined conveyor belt 301, a narrowing plate 302, a conveying motor fixing plate 303, a conveying motor 304, a conveyor belt tensioning mechanism 305, and a conveyor belt support frame 306; the inclined conveyor belt 301 is supported by the conveyor belt support frame 306 and is provided with a conveyor belt tensioning mechanism 305, and the conveyor belt support frame 306 is fixed with narrowing plates 302 and conveying motor fixing plates 303 on both sides, and the conveying motor 304 is fixed on the conveying motor fixing plate 306. 03, and drives the inclined conveyor belt 301 through a pulley; the hanging ear plate on the crossbeam of the conveyor belt support frame 306 is hinged to the hanging ear plate of the frame 402, and the front end of the narrowing plate 302 is respectively connected to the right side fixing plate 119 of the conveyor belt shaft and the left side fixing plate 121 of the conveyor belt shaft through fixing parts, the right side fixing plate 119 of the conveyor belt shaft is connected to the right baffle 124, and the left side fixing plate 121 of the conveyor belt shaft is connected to the air duct fixing plate 122, so as to realize the connection between the cutting platform 1 and the inclined conveying device 3.

[0048] The frame mechanism 4 includes a driving wheel assembly 401, a frame 402, a height adjustment electric push rod 403, an electrical box 404, a universal wheel assembly 405, a collection box 406, and a control box 407; the driving wheel assembly 401 is fixedly connected to both sides of the front end of the frame 402, and a hub motor is provided in the driving wheel assembly 401; the universal wheel assembly 405 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the frame 402 by bolts and nuts; the height adjustment electric push rod 403 is respectively hinged to the middle longitudinal beam of the frame 402 and the middle cross beam of the conveyor belt support frame 306 through the hanging ear plate; the electric push rod 403 is hinged to the middle longitudinal beam of the frame 402 and the middle cross beam of the conveyor belt support frame 306 through the hanging ear plate; The air box 404 and the collection box 406 are respectively fixed to the middle and rear parts of the frame 402, and the control box 407 is fixed to the armrest part of the frame 402; the heights of the cutting platform 1, the lifting arm 203 and the partition 205 can be adjusted separately; the cutting platform 1 is adjusted according to the cutting height, which is achieved by the inclined conveying device 3 hinged to the frame mechanism 4 and the height adjustment electric push rod 403; the height of the lifting arm 203 is adjusted accordingly by the lifting arm electric push rod 202, and the height of the partition 205 is adjusted accordingly by the partition lifting mechanism 220 to adapt to different cutting platform heights.

[0049] There are two fixed square columns 201, which are arranged with a horizontal spacing of 950mm~1450mm, a height of 500mm~600mm, a cross-sectional size of 50mm×50mm, an axial hole with a diameter of 30mm~50mm on the top, and a mounting hole with a diameter of 10mm~16mm on the bottom; the lifting arm 203 is 850mm~1000mm in length and 50mm~60mm in width, and has a sliding track with an inner diameter of 20mm~30mm at the front end and an axial hole with a diameter of 30mm~50mm at the rear end; the rotating disc 209 has a diameter of 80mm~100mm and an eccentric shaft with a diameter of 20mm~30mm and a height of 10mm~15mm; the intermittent swinging arc ring 211 has a gap of 10mm~1 5mm, and with a fixed plate on the outside for fixing the swing rod 212; the swing rod 212 is 600mm~700mm long, fixedly connected to the intermittent swing arc ring 211, and hinged to the lifting arm 203; the swinging grain dividing motor 204 drives the rotating disc 209 to rotate, and the eccentric shaft part of the rotating disc 209 drives the intermittent swing arc ring 211 and the swing rod 212 to intermittently swing, and the motion is converted into horizontal reciprocating motion of the sliding rod 214 in the sliding track at the front end of the lifting arm 203 through the connecting rod 213; the left end fixed circular tube 215 and the right end fixed circular tube 217 It is in a "Z-shape", and the fixed circular tube 216 at the end of the middle section is in an "L-shape". The rear end of the dividing end fixing block 206 has a cylindrical protrusion for inserting into the circular tube for fixing; the dividing end 207 is in a "tweezers-shaped" shape, and the front end angle is 30°~35°, which is convenient for entering between the sweet potato vines; there are 1 / 4 spherical structure shells on both sides of the middle part, which are used to separate the entangled vines and reduce losses; the rear end bolt holes are used to connect with the dividing end fixing block 206; the number of the partition lifting mechanisms 220 is 5~8, which are arranged horizontally at equal intervals. The partition 205 is stamped and formed, and the structure is divided into three parts: the bottom plate and the left and right side plates welded to the partition lifting mechanism 220. The partition lifting mechanism 220 is lifted and lowered by manually controlling the lifting and lowering partition locking rod 208. The rear end of the partition locking rod 208 is threaded and locked by a straight slot plate 221 and a matching nut.

[0050] The working process of the whole machine is as follows.

[0051] 1. Adjust the height of the cutting platform from the ground according to the required cutting height: Control the extension and retraction of the height adjustment electric push rod 403, which drives the tilting conveyor device 3, which is hinged to the frame mechanism 4 via the mounting lugs, to swing, thereby changing the height of the cutting platform 1 from the ground, that is, the cutting height. After the cutting platform is adjusted to the specified height, the height adjustment electric push rod 403 is de-energized.

[0052] 2. Start the common motor for blowing, cutting and plowing 106. The volute fan 107, the eccentrically driven star blade 101, and the corrugated baffle conveyor belt 114 will operate in sequence. A trial cut can be performed in the field first to facilitate adjusting the common motor for blowing, cutting and plowing 106 to the appropriate speed. Start the swinging grain-separating motor 204, and the grain-separating terminal 207 will begin to reciprocate. Power the hub motor of the drive wheel assembly 401 and adjust it to the appropriate speed. Start the conveying motor 304, and the operator pushes the handrail, and the harvester begins self-propelled harvesting. The operator needs to apply a forward thrust through the handrail because the drive wheel and the universal wheel are independent and follow the universal wheel, making the harvester's forward direction uncertain. Therefore, the operator needs to apply a forward thrust. Since this thrust is mainly used to control the machine's forward direction, not to propel the harvester, the required thrust is relatively small.

[0053] 3. The swinging grain-separating motor 204 drives the coaxial rotating disc 209 to rotate, and the intermittent swinging arc ring 211 installed above the eccentric shaft of the rotating disc 209 then swings intermittently. The swinging rod 212 fixed on the intermittent swinging arc ring 211 and the connecting rod 213 and the sliding rod 214 constitute a crank-connecting rod mechanism, which converts the swinging into the horizontal reciprocating movement of the sliding rod 214. The grain-separating end 207 connected to the sliding rod 214 through the fixed block 206 and the fixed circular tube at the grain-separating end moves back and forth horizontally. The grain-separating end 207 is aligned between the row spacing and the machine is pushed along the growth direction of the sweet potato vine. The entangled stems and leaves are separated by the horizontal reciprocating movement, and the partition 205 blocks the separated stems and leaves.

[0054] The crossbeam of the U-shaped vine pressing frame 105 presses down and flattens the sweet potato vines that naturally bend upward, so that the stems and leaves on both sides are in the same horizontal plane, which is convenient for cutting with a knife.

[0055] The main vine of the sweet potato vine is located below the U-shaped vine pressing frame 105, and the stems and leaves on both sides recover their inclined upright state to a certain extent after passing through the crossbeam of the U-shaped vine pressing frame 105. The airflow generated by the volute fan 107 installed on the front upper part of the U-shaped vine pressing frame 105 is evenly blown to the rear of the U-shaped vine pressing frame 105 through the air duct 123. The stems to be cut entering the U-shaped vine pressing frame 105 are further restored to a vertical state under the action of sufficient wind speed, which is convenient for cutting.

[0056] According to the harvesting requirements, the stem diameter sorting plates 102 with different gap widths are selected. The stems that meet the requirements enter the gap and are subsequently cut; the stems that do not meet the requirements are bent a second time by the sorting plates 102 to avoid being cut and provide nutrients for the next crop.

[0057] Eccentrically driven star-shaped blades 101 are installed in the horizontal direction of the row spacing, and multiple blades are driven by a common motor 106 for blowing, cutting and picking to perform synchronous cutting.

[0058] The cut stems and leaves are first blown to the corrugated baffle conveyor belt 114. The roller shaft of the corrugated baffle conveyor belt 114 rotates under the action of the common motor 106 for blowing, cutting and picking through multi-stage transmission. The corrugated baffle conveyor belt 114 rotates with the roller shaft, and the corrugated baffle picks the stems and leaves to the inclined conveyor belt, and then transports them to the rear collection box.

[0059] The collection box holds the stems and leaves transported by the conveyor belt. When one collection box is full, it can be quickly replaced by another one.

[0060] 4. After the harvesting work is completed, the hub motor, the swinging and dividing motor 204, the blowing, cutting and plowing common motor 106 and the conveying motor 304 are powered off respectively, and the harvester stops.

[0061] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above implementation methods. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essence of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cutting platform (1), a swinging straw separating device (2), an inclined conveying device (3), and a frame mechanism (4); the cutting platform (1) is located in front of the frame mechanism (4) and is arranged horizontally; the inclined conveying device (3) is located above the frame mechanism (4) and is connected to the frame mechanism (4) through a hanging ear plate; the inclined conveying device (3) is located above the rear of the cutting platform (1) and is fixedly connected to the cutting platform (1); the swinging straw separating device (2) is located above the cutting platform (1) and is fixedly connected to the inclined conveying device (3) through a fastener, and the end thereof is located in front of the cutting platform (1); the cutting platform (1) comprises an eccentrically driven star-shaped blade (101), a stem diameter sorting plate (102), a fixing plate (103) under the cutting blade, and a fixing plate connecting plate. Parts (104), U-shaped vine pressing frame (105), common motor for blowing and cutting (106), volute fan (107), cutting active pulley (108), cutting driven pulley (109), yoke rod (110), yoke rod slide rail (111), connecting rod (112), synchronous rod (113), corrugated baffle conveyor belt (114), fan fixing plate (115), secondary transmission pulley (116), bevel gear transmission mechanism (117), corrugated baffle conveyor belt driven pulley (118), conveyor belt shaft right fixed plate (119), corrugated baffle conveyor belt active pulley (120), conveyor belt shaft left fixed plate (121), air duct fixing plate (122), air duct (123), right baffle (124 The eccentrically driven star-shaped blades (101) are horizontally mounted on the lower fixing plate (103) of the cutter at equal intervals. The stem diameter sorting plate (102) is fixed in the installation gap between the eccentrically driven star-shaped blades (101) and the lower fixing plate (103) of the cutter and connected to the lower fixing plate (103) of the cutter by bolts. The lower fixing plate (103) of the cutter is connected to the U-shaped vine pressing frame (105) through a fixing plate connector (104). The U-shaped vine pressing frame (105) is fixed with an air duct fixing plate (122) and a right baffle (124) on the left and right sides respectively. The rear end of the air duct fixing plate (122) is connected to the left fixing plate (121) of the conveyor belt shaft by a fastener, and the rear end of the right baffle (124) is connected to the conveyor belt shaft. The right side fixing plate (119) of the shaft is connected to the fan fixing plate (115) on the outside of the right side baffle (124); the volute fan (107) is horizontally installed above the inner side of the fan fixing plate (115); the blowing, cutting and picking common motor (106) is installed above the volute fan (107); the cutting driving pulley (108) is installed below the volute fan (107); the volute fan (107) and the cutting driving pulley (108) are coaxially fixed; the cutting driven pulley (109) and the cutting driving pulley (108) are installed on the same horizontal plane; the yoke rod slide rail (111) is horizontally installed above the cutting driven pulley (109); and the yoke rod (110) is installed between the yoke rod slide rails (111);The synchronization rod (113) is installed above the eccentric drive star blade (101) and is connected to the yoke rod (110) through the connecting rod (112); the secondary transmission pulley (116) and the cutting driven pulley (109) are installed on the same horizontal plane, and the bevel gear transmission mechanism (117) is coaxially fixed above the secondary transmission pulley (116); the corrugated baffle conveyor belt driving pulley (120) is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the bevel gear transmission mechanism (117), and the corrugated baffle The driven pulley (118) of the conveyor belt and the driving pulley (120) of the corrugated baffle conveyor belt are installed in the same vertical plane; the corrugated baffle conveyor belt (114) is installed above the inclined rear end of the lower fixed plate (103) of the cutter, and the roller shaft of the corrugated baffle conveyor belt (114) is fixed by the fixed plate (121) on the left side of the conveyor belt shaft and the fixed plate (119) on the right side of the conveyor belt shaft, and the driven pulley (118) of the corrugated baffle conveyor belt is installed on the roller shaft of the fixed corrugated baffle conveyor belt (114).

2. The electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swinging straw separating device (2) comprises a fixed square column (201), a lifting arm electric push rod (202), a lifting arm (203), a swinging straw separating motor (204), a partition (205), a straw separating end fixed block (206), a straw separating end (207), a lifting partition locking rod (208), a rotating disc (209), a lifting arm rotating shaft (210), an intermittent swinging arc ring (211), a swinging rod (212), a connecting rod (213), a sliding rod (214), a left end fixed circular tube (215), a middle end fixed circular tube (216), a right end fixed circular tube (217), a partition lifting device (206), a straw separating end fixed block (206), a straw separating end (207), a lifting partition locking rod (208), a rotating disc (209), a lifting arm rotating shaft (210), an intermittent swinging arc ring (211), a swinging rod (212), a connecting rod (213), a sliding rod (214), a left end fixed circular tube (215), a middle end fixed circular tube (216), a right end fixed circular tube (217), a partition lifting device (205), a straw separating end fixed block (206), a straw separating end fixed block ... a intermittent swinging arc ring (211), a swing The lowering control shaft (218), the partition lifting mechanism fixing plate (219), the partition lifting mechanism (220), and the straight groove plate (221); the bottom of the fixed square column (201) is connected to the vehicle body, the lifting arm (203) is installed on the top of the fixed square column (201) and is fixed by the lifting arm rotating shaft (210); the lifting arm electric push rod (202) is installed between the fixed square column (201) and the lifting arm (203) and is connected by a hanging ear plate; the swinging grain dividing motor (204) is fixed at the lower rear end of the lifting arm (203), and the rotating disc (209) is installed above the lifting arm (203). The intermittent swing arc ring (211) is installed above the rotating disc (209), the swing rod (212) is installed above the intermittent swing arc ring (211), the sliding rod (214) is installed in the upper slide rail of the front end of the lifting arm (203), and is connected to the swing rod (212) through the connecting rod (213); the left end fixed circular tube (215), the middle end fixed circular tube (216), and the right end fixed circular tube (217) are respectively fixed to the corresponding positions of the sliding rod (214), and the straw separation end fixed block (206) is installed on each end fixed circular tube In front, the rice-dividing terminal (207) is located in front of the rice-dividing terminal fixing block (206) and is connected by fasteners; the partition lifting mechanism (220) is located behind the rice-dividing terminal (207) and is fixed to the bottom of the lifting arm (203) through the partition lifting mechanism fixing plate (219); the partition (205) is fixed to the end of the partition lifting mechanism (220), the partition lifting control shaft (218) is fixed to the partition lifting mechanism (220), and the lifting partition locking rod is fixed to the end of the partition lifting control shaft (218) and passes through the straight slot plate (221) welded to the upper part of the partition (205) on the same side.

3. The electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inclined conveying device (3) comprises an inclined conveyor belt (301), a narrowing plate (302), a conveying motor fixing plate (303), a conveying motor (304), a conveyor belt tensioning mechanism (305), and a conveyor belt support frame (306); the inclined conveyor belt (301) is supported by the conveyor belt support frame (306) and is provided with a conveyor belt tensioning mechanism (305); narrowing plates (302) and a conveying motor fixing plate (303) are fixed on both sides of the conveyor belt support frame (306); the conveying motor (304) is fixed on the conveying motor fixing plate (303), and drives the inclined conveyor belt (301) via a pulley.

4. The electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frame mechanism (4) comprises a driving wheel assembly (401), a frame (402), a height-adjusting electric push rod (403), an electrical box (404), a universal wheel assembly (405), a collection box (406), and a control box (407); the driving wheel assembly (401) is fixedly connected to both sides of the front end of the frame (402), and a hub motor is provided in the driving wheel assembly (401); the universal wheel assembly (405) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the frame (402) via bolts and nuts; the height-adjusting electric push rod (403) is respectively hinged to the middle longitudinal beam of the frame (402) and the middle cross beam of the conveyor belt support frame (306) via hanging ear plates; the electrical box (404) and the collection box (406) are respectively fixed to the middle and rear parts of the frame (402), and the control box (407) is fixed to the armrest part of the frame (402).

5. The electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heights of the cutting platform (1), the lifting arm (203) and the partition (205) can be adjusted individually; the cutting platform (1) is adjusted according to the cutting height by means of an inclined conveying device (3) hinged to the frame mechanism (4) and a height-adjusting electric push rod (403); the height of the lifting arm (203) is adjusted accordingly by means of the lifting arm electric push rod (202), and the height of the partition (205) is adjusted accordingly by means of a partition lifting mechanism (220) to adapt to different cutting platform heights.

6. The electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting width of the cutting table (1) is 1000mm~1500mm, the number of the eccentric driven star blades (101) is 4~7, the blade material is 40Cr, the diameter is 120mm~150mm, the cutting edge is at the four star angles, cutting is performed using the sliding cutting principle, and the sliding cutting angle is 40°~55°; the blade is welded with an eccentric shaft, the material is carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.4%~0.7%, the diameter is 20mm~30mm, and the length is 60mm~80mm; the number of the stem diameter sorting plates (102) is 4~7, and the gap width is 3 mm~6mm, a depth of 20mm~70mm, and a front vertical leaf-blocking portion with a height of 15mm~30mm; the width of the U-shaped rattan pressing frame (105) is 1000mm~1500mm, and the longitudinal beam divides the U-shaped rattan pressing frame (105) into 4~7 small intervals; the length of the yoke rod (110) is 300mm~500mm, and the length of the synchronization rod (113) is 700mm~1200mm.

7. The electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two fixed square columns (201) arranged at a horizontal spacing of 950mm~1450mm, a height of 500mm~600mm, a cross-sectional size of 50mm×50mm, an axial hole with a diameter of 30mm~50mm on the top, and a mounting hole with a diameter of 10mm~16mm on the bottom; the lifting arm (203) is 850mm~1000mm in length and 50mm~60mm in width, and has a sliding track with an inner diameter of 20mm~30mm at the front end and an axial hole with a diameter of 30mm~50mm at the rear end; the rotating disc (209) is 80mm~100mm in diameter and has an eccentric shaft with a diameter of 20mm~30mm and a height of 10mm~15mm; the intermittent swinging arc ring (211) has a gap of 10mm~15mm and an outer side with a A fixed plate is provided for fixing the swing rod (212); the swing rod (212) is 600 mm to 700 mm long, is fixedly connected to the intermittent swing arc ring (211), and is hinged to the lifting arm (203); the swinging grain dividing motor (204) drives the rotating disc (209) to rotate, and the eccentric shaft portion of the rotating disc (209) drives the intermittent swing arc ring (211) and the swing rod (212) to intermittently swing, and the motion is converted into horizontal reciprocating motion of the sliding rod (214) in the sliding track at the front end of the lifting arm (203) through the connecting rod (213); the left end fixed circular tube (215) and the right end fixed circular tube (217) are fixed to the left end of the lifting arm (203); It is in a "Z-shape", the middle end fixed circular tube (216) is in an "L-shape", and the rear end of the dividing end fixed block (206) is provided with a cylindrical protrusion for inserting into the circular tube for fixing; the dividing end (207) is in a "tweezers-shaped" shape, and the front end angle is 30°~35°, which is convenient for entering between the sweet potato vines; there are 1 / 4 spherical structure hollow shells on both sides of the middle part, which are used to separate the entangled vines and reduce losses; the rear end bolt hole is used to connect with the dividing end fixed block (206); the number of the partition lifting mechanism (220) is 5~8, which are arranged horizontally at equal intervals. The partition (205) is stamped and formed, and the structure is divided into three parts: a bottom plate and left and right side plates welded to the partition lifting mechanism (220). The partition lifting mechanism (220) is lifted and lowered by manually controlling the lifting and lowering partition locking rod (208). The rear end of the partition locking rod (208) is threaded and locked by a straight groove plate (221) and a matching nut.

8. A harvesting method using the electric leaf-eating sweet potato stem and leaf harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Adjusting the cutting height of the cutting platform from the ground according to the cutting height requirement: controlling the height adjustment electric push rod (403) to extend and retract, driving the tilting conveying device (3) hinged to the frame mechanism (4) through the hanging ear plate to shake, thereby changing the height of the cutting platform (1) from the ground, that is, changing the cutting height; after the cutting platform is adjusted to the specified height, the height adjustment electric push rod (403) is powered off; S2: Start the common motor for blowing, cutting and plucking (106), the volute fan (107), the eccentrically driven star blade (101), and the corrugated baffle conveyor belt (114) in sequence. A trial cutting can be carried out in the field first to facilitate the adjustment of the common motor for blowing, cutting and plucking (106) to a suitable speed. Start the swinging grain separation motor (204), and the grain separation terminal (207) starts to do reciprocating motion. Power is supplied to the hub motor of the driving wheel assembly (401), and the hub motor is adjusted to a suitable speed. Start the conveying motor (304), and the operator pushes the handrail, and the harvester starts the self-propelled harvesting operation. The operator needs to apply a forward thrust through the handrail because the driving wheel and the universal wheel are independent, and the universal wheel moves with the harvester. The forward direction of the harvester is uncertain, so the operator needs to apply a forward thrust. Since this thrust is used to control the forward direction of the machine, not to push the harvester, the required thrust is relatively small. S3: The swinging grain separation motor (204) drives the coaxial rotating disc (209) to rotate, and the intermittent swinging arc ring (211) installed above the eccentric shaft of the rotating disc (209) intermittently swings, and the swinging rod (212) fixed on the intermittent swinging arc ring (211) and the connecting rod (213) and the sliding rod (214) form a crank connecting rod mechanism, which converts the swinging into the horizontal reciprocating movement of the sliding rod (214), and the grain separation end (207) connected to the sliding rod (214) through the grain separation end fixed block (206) and the fixed circular tube moves horizontally and reciprocates accordingly, and the grain separation end (207) is aligned between the row spacing, and the machine is pushed along the growth direction of the sweet potato vine, and the entangled stems and leaves are separated by the horizontal reciprocating movement, and the partition (205) blocks the separated stems and leaves; The crossbeam of the U-shaped vine pressing frame (105) presses down and flattens the sweet potato vines that naturally bend upward, so that the stems and leaves on both sides are on the same horizontal plane, making it easier for the cutting knife to cut; The main vine of the sweet potato vine is located below the U-shaped vine pressing frame (105), and the stems and leaves on both sides are restored to an inclined upright state to a certain extent after passing through the crossbeam of the U-shaped vine pressing frame (105). The airflow generated by the volute fan (107) installed in the front upper part of the U-shaped vine pressing frame (105) is blown evenly to the rear of the U-shaped vine pressing frame (105) through the air duct (123). The stems to be cut entering the U-shaped vine pressing frame (105) are further restored to an upright state under the action of sufficient wind speed, making cutting convenient; According to harvesting requirements, stalk diameter sorting plates (102) with different gap widths are selected, and stalks that meet the requirements enter the gaps and are subsequently cut; stalks that do not meet the requirements are bent a second time by the sorting plates (102) to avoid being cut and provide nutrients for the next crop; Eccentrically driven star-shaped blades (101) are installed in the horizontal direction of the row spacing, and the multiple blades are driven by a common motor (106) for blowing, cutting and picking to perform synchronous cutting; The cut stems and leaves are first blown to the corrugated baffle conveyor belt (114), the roller shaft of the corrugated baffle conveyor belt (114) rotates under the action of the common motor (106) for blowing, cutting and picking through multi-stage transmission, the corrugated baffle conveyor belt (114) rotates with the roller shaft, and the corrugated baffles pick the stems and leaves and send them to the inclined conveyor belt, and then transport them to the rear collection box; The collection box holds the stems and leaves transported by the conveyor belt. When one collection box is full, it can be quickly replaced by another one. S4: After the harvesting work is completed, the hub motor, the swinging and separating motor (204), the blowing, cutting and plucking common motor (106) and the conveying motor (304) are respectively powered off, and the harvester stops.

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