Metallic material consumable friction solid phase welding method and apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a metal material consumable friction solid-phase welding method and device, wherein the welding method comprises the following steps: butting two workpieces to form a butt joint, and arranging a U-shaped groove at the butt joint; applying a top forging force to one end of a bar to make the other end of the bar abut against the bottom of the U-shaped groove; a tool and the bar are connected to a main shaft, the tool is connected with a cam cutter head on the side close to the U-shaped groove, the cam cutter head is accommodated in the U-shaped groove, and the bar is arranged in the cam cutter head; the main shaft drives the bar, the tool and the cam cutter head to rotate, the bar rotates to generate heat to form a hot plastic deformation material, the cam cutter head has a protruding part extending outward, the tool stirs and smooths the surface of the hot plastic deformation material, the protruding part stirs the hot plastic deformation material and pushes the hot plastic deformation material to the back of the welding direction, and the hot plastic deformation material is accumulated along the welding direction to form a weld.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal welding manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for friction solid-state welding of metal materials. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, metal parts are typically welded using fusion welding methods. These methods employ heat sources such as electric arcs, plasma, lasers, and electron beams. During the welding process, the metal materials at the joint are heated and melted, and then solidified to form a welded joint. These fusion welding methods can result in defects such as cracks and porosity during the welding process. Furthermore, the weld zone forms a coarse-grained casting structure, causing the mechanical properties of the welded joint to be lower than those of the original metal material. In particular, when welding materials such as particle-reinforced metal matrix composites, the particle reinforcement phase reacts chemically with certain elements in the metal material and is destroyed, resulting in a significant reduction in the mechanical properties of the welded joint. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (I) The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that when metal parts are welded by fusion welding, defects such as cracks and porosity are prone to occur at the weld joint, and the weld zone forms a casting structure with low mechanical properties.

[0004] (II) Technical Solution

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for friction solid-state welding of metallic consumables, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Connect the two workpieces together to form a butt joint, and set a U-shaped groove at the butt joint;

[0008] Step 2: Apply an upsetting force to one end of the bar stock so that the other end of the bar stock abuts against the bottom of the U-shaped groove;

[0009] Step 3: A cutting tool and the bar stock are connected to the spindle. A cam cutter head is connected to the side of the cutting tool near the U-shaped groove. The cam cutter head is received in the U-shaped groove, and the bar stock passes through the cam cutter head.

[0010] Step 4: The spindle drives the bar stock, the cutting tool, and the cam cutter head to rotate. The rotating bar stock generates heat through friction to form a thermoplastic material. The cam cutter head has an outwardly extending protrusion. The cutting tool stirs and smooths the surface of the thermoplastic material. The protrusion stirs the thermoplastic material and pushes it to the rear of the welding direction, where it accumulates along the welding direction to form a weld.

[0011] Preferably, the height of the cam cutter head is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the workpiece thickness.

[0012] Preferably, a first gap is provided between the farthest end of the protrusion from its rotation center and the end face of the workpiece, and the width of the first gap is 0 to 5 mm.

[0013] Preferably, a second gap is provided between the nearest end of the cam cutter head to its rotation center and the end face of the workpiece, and the width of the second gap is 1 to 10 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the welding method further includes: step five, removing the dimensional allowance at the butt joint by machining to obtain the final dimensional part.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention also provides a friction solid-state welding apparatus for metal material consumables, used to implement any of the above-described friction solid-state welding methods for metal material consumables. The welding apparatus includes a frame, a working platform, a push rod mechanism, a main shaft, and a drive assembly. The working platform is slidably connected to the frame, and the butt joint is fixedly installed on the working platform and can move with the working platform. The push rod mechanism is connected to the frame and abuts against one end of the bar stock to apply a forging force to the bar stock so that the other end of the bar stock abuts against the bottom of the U-shaped groove. The main shaft is connected to the frame, and the end of the main shaft... A cutting tool is connected to the U-shaped groove, and a cam cutter head is connected to the side of the cutting tool near the U-shaped groove. The main shaft has a main shaft channel along its axial direction, and the cutting tool and the cam cutter head have a cutting tool channel along their axial direction. The bar stock passes through the main shaft channel and the cutting tool channel in sequence and abuts against the bottom of the U-shaped groove. A drive assembly is connected to the main shaft, and the drive assembly can drive the cam cutter head and the bar stock to rotate. The rotating friction of the bar stock generates heat to form a thermoplastic material. The cam cutter head has an outwardly extending protrusion, which is used to stir the thermoplastic material and push it to the rear of the welding direction and accumulate along the welding direction to form a weld.

[0016] Preferably, the edge of the side portion of the protrusion is an involute curved surface.

[0017] Preferably, the involute curved surface has an upper inclined surface, and the upper inclined surface forms a preset angle with the bottom of the cam cutter head.

[0018] Preferably, the edge of the side portion of the protrusion is an arc-shaped curved surface.

[0019] Preferably, the surface of the cam cutter head is provided with multiple protrusions.

[0020] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0021] The above-described technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0022] The bar stock rotates at high speed and rubs against the workpiece surface to form a thermoplastic material. The protrusions can rapidly agitate this thermoplastic material, resulting in an equiaxed, fine-grained weld structure. The thermoplastic material is then pushed to the rear of the welding direction, accumulating along the welding direction to form a high-quality weld. Simultaneously, the end face of the cutting tool performs frictional agitation and surface smoothing of the thermoplastic material to achieve good weld formation quality. Because the metal material in the welding area is in a semi-solid thermoplastic state during this welding process, defects such as cracks and porosity are avoided. This results in a welded joint with excellent mechanical properties and an equiaxed, fine-grained structure. When welding particle-reinforced metal matrix composites, the quantity and distribution of the reinforcing phase are not disrupted, thus achieving a high-performance welded joint. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the friction solid-phase welding device for metal material consumables provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the use of the friction solid-phase welding device for metal material consumables provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view along the weld length direction of the friction solid phase welding device for metal materials provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the metal material consumable friction solid phase welding device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, perpendicular to the weld length direction.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mating joint provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cam cutter head provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a structural dimension diagram of the cam cutter head provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cam cutter head provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a structural dimension diagram of the cam cutter head provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cam cutter head provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a structural dimension diagram of the cam cutter head provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cam cutter head provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 13 This is a structural dimension diagram of the cam cutter head provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0037] The labels for the attached figures are as follows:

[0038] 100. Friction solid-state welding device for metal materials; 110. Bar stock; 200. Butt joint; 210. U-groove; 20. First workpiece; 30. Second workpiece; 40. Backing plate; 50. Base plate;

[0039] 1. Frame; 2. Work platform; 3. Push rod mechanism; 4. Spindle; 5. Drive assembly; 21. Bed platform; 22. Drive motor; 23. Clamping fixture; 31. Push rod; 41. Tool; 42. Cam cutter head; 43. Spindle channel; 411. Tool channel; 412. Protrusion; 413. Involute curved surface; 414. Arc curved surface; 4131. Upper inclined surface; 51. Drive gear; 52. Spindle motor. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be located directly on or indirectly on the other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0042] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating relative importance or the number of technical features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. The specific implementation of this invention will be described in more detail below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0044] The following metal material consumable friction solid phase welding device 100 and welding method are applicable to the welding and manufacturing of main load-bearing components of engineering structures made of various metal materials such as aluminum, titanium, copper, and steel, as well as metal matrix composite materials.

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 As shown, where, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The arrow in the diagram indicates the welding direction, and the welding speed is v. This invention provides a friction solid-state welding device 100 for metal consumables. The device 100 includes a frame 1, a working platform 2, a push rod mechanism 3, a main shaft 4, and a drive assembly 5. The working platform 2 is slidably connected to the frame 1, and the mating joint 200 is fixedly installed on the working platform 2 and can move with the working platform 2. Specifically, the working platform 2 includes a bed platform 21 for supporting the mating joint 200, a drive motor 22 connected to the bed platform 21, and a clamping device provided on the bed platform 21. The tooling 23 and drive motor 22 are used to drive the bed platform 21 to move. The clamping tooling 23 is used to clamp the butt joint 200 to fix the butt joint 200 on the bed platform 21. The push rod mechanism 3 is connected to the frame 1 and abuts against one end of the bar stock 110 to apply a forging force to the bar stock 110 so that the other end of the bar stock 110 abuts against the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210. The push rod mechanism 3 is provided with a push rod 31, which abuts against one end of the bar stock 110 and push rod 31 is used to push the bar stock 110 downward. The spindle 4 is connected to the frame 1. A cutter 41 is connected to the end of the spindle 4. A cam cutter head 42 is connected to the side of the cutter 41 near the U-shaped groove 210. The spindle 4 has a spindle channel 43 along its axial direction. The cutter 41 and the cam cutter head 42 have a cutter channel 411 along their axial direction. The bar stock 110 passes through the spindle channel 43 and the cutter channel 411 in sequence and abuts against the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210. The drive assembly 5 is connected to the spindle 4. The drive assembly 5 can drive the cam cutter head 42 and the bar stock 110 to rotate. Specifically, the drive assembly 5 includes a drive gear 51 and a spindle motor 52. The drive gear 51 is connected to the spindle 4. The spindle motor 52 is driven by the drive gear 51. The spindle motor 52 can drive the spindle 4 to rotate through the drive gear 51. The bar stock 110 generates heat through rotational friction to form a thermoplastic material. The cam cutter head 42 has an outwardly extending protrusion 412, which is used to stir the thermoplastic material and push it to the rear of the welding direction, where it accumulates to form a weld W. Specifically, the bar stock 110 is preferably a square bar stock, and the cutter channel 411 is preferably a square cavity that matches the size of the bar stock 110. The bar stock 110 is confined within the cutter channel 411. When the cutter 41 rotates, it can drive the bar stock 110 to rotate synchronously without affecting the movement of the bar stock 110 along the axial direction of the cutter channel 411.

[0046] It should be noted that the mating joint 200 is formed by the mating of two workpieces (the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30). Its specific structure can be as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5 The two methods shown are as follows: Figure 4As shown, the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 are placed with a certain gap between them, and a pad 40 is placed below the gap. The first workpiece 20, the second workpiece 30, and the pad 40 are assembled to form a butt joint 200, and the gap is the U-shaped groove 210. Figure 5 As shown, semi-U-shaped groove structures can be pre-machined at corresponding positions of the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30. Then, the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 are joined to form a butt joint 200, and a U-shaped groove 210 is formed between the two semi-U-shaped groove structures. The U-shaped groove 210 should have a certain depth to fully accommodate the cam cutter head 42. A base plate 50 can be placed between the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210 and the bar stock 110. The material of the base plate 50 is preferably the same as that of the bar stock 110. The base plate 50 is used for contact and friction with the rotating bar stock 110. The base plate 50 isolates the bar stock 110 from the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210, preventing excessive friction between the bar stock 110 and the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210 from being welded through. Simultaneously, the friction-softened base plate 50 can provide material for the welding process. Specifically, a slot can be opened at the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210, and the base plate 50 can be placed inside the slot to prevent the base plate 50 from sliding during the welding process.

[0047] The implementation steps of this embodiment are as follows: The metal material consumable friction solid-state welding device 100 is assembled according to the above embodiment. The push rod mechanism 3 provides a downward pressure P through the push rod 31 to push the bar stock 110 downward. The pressure value of the downward pressure P ranges from 10 to 20000 N. The spindle motor 52 is started, driving the drive gear 51 to rotate at high speed. The drive gear 51 drives the spindle 4 to rotate at high speed, thereby driving the tool 41 mounted on the spindle 4 to rotate at high speed and the bar stock 110 to rotate at high speed. The rotational speed of the spindle 4 ranges from 100 to 3000 rpm. The first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 are fixed to the bed platform 21 using the clamping fixture 23. Based on the thickness of the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30, the height of the cam cutter head 42 is selected. Generally, the height of the cam cutter head 42 is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the thickness of the first workpiece 20 (assuming the thickness of the first workpiece 20 is equal to the thickness of the second workpiece 30). The width of the U-groove 210 is determined based on the distance between the farthest end of the protrusion 412 from its rotation center and its rotation center. The gap between the farthest end of the protrusion 412 from its rotation center and the end face of the workpiece is controlled between 0 and 5 mm, so that the protrusion 412 just contacts the end faces of the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 on both sides, while the non-protruding part leaves a certain space (usually a gap of 1 to 10 mm) between itself and the end faces of the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 on both sides. The high-speed rotating bar stock 110 moves downward through the spindle channel 43 and the tool channel 411. The bottom of the bar stock 110 contacts the metal material surface of the welding area and generates heat through friction. Frictional heat heats the bottom of the metal bar 110, causing it to change from a solid to a semi-solid thermoplastic material. Under the action of circumferential friction and axial downward pressure of the bar 110, the thermoplastic material undergoes sufficient plastic flow in the gap between the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 in the welding area. The cutting tool 41, the cam cutter head 42, and the bar 110 rotate synchronously. The cam cutter head 42 continuously accumulates the thermoplastic material generated by the friction between the bottom of the bar 110 and the underlying metal from the gap between the workpiece end face and the cam cutter head 42 into the rear gap formed during the movement of the cutting tool 41, forming a high-quality weld joint. At the same time, the cam cutter head 42 generates a strong stirring effect on the thermoplastic material in the welding area, which can obtain an equiaxed fine-grained weld structure. In addition, the end face of the cutting tool 41 performs friction stirring and surface smoothing on the thermoplastic material, obtaining good weld formation quality. Finally, the dimensional allowance of the welding area is removed by machining to obtain the final dimensional part.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the edge of the side portion of the protrusion 412 is an involute curved surface 413. Because the edge of the side portion of the protrusion 412 is an involute curved surface 413, the thermoplastic material can move smoothly along the involute curved surface 413 during the rotation of the protrusion 412.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the involute curved surface 413 is provided with an upper inclined surface 4131, which forms a preset angle with the bottom of the cam cutter head 42. Specifically, the upper inclined surface 4131 can be a sloping plane or a sloping curved surface. The function of the upper inclined surface 4131 is that, relative to the straight wall surface below it, the upper inclined surface 4131 can accommodate more thermoplastic material, thereby increasing the volume of thermoplastic material at the weld surface, avoiding "insufficient material" on the weld surface, and reducing the possibility of defects on the weld surface.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the edge of the side portion of the protrusion 412 is an arc-shaped curved surface 414. During the rotation of the protrusion 412, the thermoplastic material can move smoothly along the arc-shaped curved surface 414.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the surface of the cam cutter head 42 is provided with a plurality of protrusions (not shown). The protrusions can increase the contact surface area between the cam cutter head 42 and the thermoplastic material, thereby improving its stirring effect.

[0052] Specifically, the following are several specific design structures of the cam cutter head 42 provided in the embodiments of the present invention: Example 1

[0053] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the edge of the side of the protrusion 412 is an arc-shaped curved surface 414. The maximum distance L between the farthest end of the protrusion 412 from its rotation center and the axis of the tool 41 is 12mm-50mm. The height h of the cam cutter head 42 is 1mm-50mm. The size range of R0 is 6mm-50mm. The size range of R1 is 20mm-200mm. The size range of R4 is 3mm-50mm.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the edge of the side of the protrusion 412 is an arc-shaped curved surface 414. The maximum distance L between the farthest end of the protrusion 412 from its rotation center and the axis of the tool 41 is 12mm-50mm. The height h of the cam cutter head 42 is 1mm-50mm. The size range of R0 is 6mm-50mm, the size range of R1 is 20mm-200mm, the size range of R2 is 20mm-100mm, the size range of R3 is 20mm-100mm, and the size range of R4 is 3mm-50mm.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the edge of the side of the protrusion 412 is an involute curved surface 413. The maximum distance L between the farthest end of the protrusion 412 from its rotation center and the axis of the tool 41 is 12mm-50mm, and the size range of L2 is 0-50mm. The height h of the cam cutter head 42 is 1mm-50mm. The size range of R0 is 6mm-50mm, the size range of R1 is 20mm-200mm, and the size range of R4 is 3mm-50mm.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown in the figure, BB on the right is a cross-sectional view of the middle BB on the left. The edge of the side of the protrusion 412 is an involute curved surface 413. The maximum distance L between the farthest end of the protrusion 412 from its rotation center and the axis of the tool 41 is 12mm-50mm, and the size range of L2 is 0-50mm. The height h of the cam cutter head 42 is 1mm-50mm. The size range of R0 is 6mm-50mm, and the size range of R1 is 20mm-200mm. An upper inclined surface 4131 is provided on the involute curved surface 413. The upper inclined surface 4131 forms a preset angle A with the bottom of the cam cutter head 42. The preset angle A ranges from 0° to 45°. The function of the upper inclined surface 4131 is that, relative to the straight wall surface below it, the upper inclined surface 4131 can accommodate more thermoplastic material, thereby increasing the volume of thermoplastic material at the weld surface and avoiding "insufficient material" on the weld surface, thus reducing the possibility of defects on the weld surface.

[0060] This invention also provides a method for friction solid-state welding of metal consumables. The friction solid-state welding apparatus 100 for metal consumables in the above embodiments can implement this method, which includes the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Connect the two workpieces (the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 shown in the figure) to form a butt joint 200, and set a U-shaped groove 210 at the butt joint 200;

[0062] Step 2: Apply an upsetting force to one end of the bar stock 110 so that the other end of the bar stock 110 abuts against the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210;

[0063] Step 3: A cutting tool 6 and a bar stock 110 are connected to the spindle 4. A cam cutter head 42 is connected to the side of the cutting tool near the U-shaped groove. The cam cutter head 42 is housed in the U-shaped groove, and the bar stock 110 passes through the cam cutter head 42.

[0064] Step 4: The main shaft 4 drives the bar stock 110 and the cam cutter head 42 to rotate. The rotating bar stock 110 generates heat through friction to form a thermoplastic material. The cam cutter head 42 has an outwardly extending protrusion 412. The cam cutter head 42 stirs and smooths the surface of the thermoplastic material. The protrusion 412 stirs the thermoplastic material and pushes it to the rear of the welding direction, where it accumulates along the welding direction to form a weld.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the height of the cam cutter head 42 is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the workpiece thickness.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, a first gap is provided between the farthest end of the protrusion 412 from its rotation center and the end face of the workpiece, and the width of the first gap is 0-5mm. In this embodiment, the farthest end of the protrusion 412 from its rotation center is preferably designed to just contact the end faces of the plates on both sides, that is, the first gap is 0.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, a second gap is provided between the end of the cam cutter head 42 closest to its rotation center and the end face of the workpiece, and the width of the second gap is 1 to 10 mm.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the welding method further includes: step five, removing the dimensional allowance at the butt joint by machining to obtain the final dimensional part.

[0069] The following are specific embodiments of the friction solid-state welding method for metal material consumables provided in this application: Example 5

[0070] The bar stock 110 is made of 6061 aluminum alloy square bar stock with dimensions of length × width × height = 10mm × 10mm × 450mm. The first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 are made of 6061 aluminum alloy flat plates with a thickness of 5mm. The joint type is a flat butt joint. The first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 are butted together to form a butt joint 200. A U-shaped groove 210 is provided at the butt joint 200. A base plate 50 is placed in the U-shaped groove 210. The dimensions of the base plate 50 are length × width × thickness = 600mm × 12mm × 1.2mm.

[0071] The first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 are installed on the bed platform 21. The first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 are fixedly installed on the bed platform 21 by the clamping fixture 23. The first workpiece 20, the second workpiece 30 and the pad 40 are assembled to form a U-shaped groove 210 with a gap width of 15mm. The base plate 50 is installed on the pad 40 and fixed.

[0072] The push rod mechanism 3 applies pressure to the bar stock 110 toward the U-shaped groove 210, so that the bottom of the bar stock 110 contacts the bottom plate 50 of the welding area, and the applied pressure value is 1.2 MPa.

[0073] The spindle motor 52 drives the cutting tool 41 and the bar stock 110 to rotate at a speed of 500 rpm.

[0074] The lower end of the bar stock 110 is heated and softened by friction with the base plate 50, producing a semi-solid, flowing thermoplastic material. The drive motor 22 is then activated, driving the bed platform 21 to move. The bed platform 21 moves the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 fixed on it. The metal material consumable friction solid-state welding device 100 welds the butt joint 200 at a welding speed of 200 mm / min. A weld seam is formed after welding.

[0075] The 200mm dimensional allowance of the butt joint after welding is removed by machining to obtain the final dimensional part.

[0076] Example 6

[0077] The bar stock 110 is made of TC4 titanium alloy square bar. The dimensions of the TC4 titanium alloy square bar are: length × width × height = 15mm × 15mm × 300mm. The first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 are made of TC4 flat plate. The thickness of the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 is 3mm. The first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 are processed into the following shape: Figure 5 The U-shaped groove butt joint shown has a gap width of 15mm for the U-shaped groove 210, and the bottom plate thickness of the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 is 1.2mm.

[0078] The first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 are installed on the bed platform 21, and the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 are fixedly installed on the bed platform 21 by the clamping fixture 23.

[0079] The push rod mechanism 3 applies pressure to the bar stock 110 toward the U-shaped groove 210, so that the bottom of the bar stock 110 contacts the bottom of the U-shaped groove 210 in the welding area, with a pressure value of 2MPa.

[0080] The spindle motor 52 drives the cutting tool 41 and the bar stock 110 to rotate at a speed of 1000 rpm.

[0081] The lower end of the bar stock 110 softens due to frictional heat, producing a semi-solid, flowing thermoplastic material. The drive motor 22 is then activated, driving the bed platform 21 to move. The bed platform 21 then moves the first workpiece 20 and the second workpiece 30 fixed on it. The metal material consumable friction solid-state welding device 100 welds the butt joint 200 at a speed of 150 mm / min. A weld seam is formed after welding.

[0082] The 200mm dimensional allowance of the butt joint after welding is removed by machining to obtain the final dimensional part.

[0083] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method of friction solid phase welding of a metallic material consumable, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: abutting two workpieces to form an abutted joint, and arranging a U-shaped groove at the abutted joint; Step 2: applying a top forging force to one end of a bar to make the other end of the bar abut against the bottom of the U-shaped groove; Step 3: the main shaft is connected with a cutter and the bar, the cutter is connected with a cam cutter head on the side close to the U-shaped groove, the cam cutter head is accommodated in the U-shaped groove, and the bar is arranged in the cam cutter head; Step 4: the main shaft drives the bar, the cutter and the cam cutter head to rotate, the bar rotates to generate heat by friction to form a hot plastic deformation material, the cam cutter head has a protruding part extending outward, the cutter stirs and smooths the surface of the hot plastic deformation material, the protruding part stirs the hot plastic deformation material, pushes the hot plastic deformation material to the rear of the welding direction, and accumulates along the welding direction to form a weld; the farthest end of the protruding part from the rotation center of the cam cutter head is provided with a first gap from the end surface of the workpiece, the width of the first gap is 0-5 mm, and the nearest end of the cam cutter head from the rotation center is provided with a second gap from the end surface of the workpiece, and the width of the second gap is 1-10 mm.

2. The metal-material consumable friction solid phase welding method of claim 1, wherein: The height of the cam cutter head is 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the thickness of the workpiece.

3. The metal material consumable friction solid phase welding method of claim 1 wherein: The welding method further comprises the following step:

4. A metal material consumable friction solid phase welding apparatus for carrying out the metal material consumable friction solid phase welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by, Step 5: removing the size allowance at the abutted joint by a machining method to obtain a final size part. The welding device comprises: a rack; a workbench connected to the rack, the abutted joint is fixedly installed on the workbench and can move with the workbench; a top rod mechanism connected to the rack, the top rod mechanism abuts against one end of the bar to apply a top forging force to the bar to make the other end of the bar abut against the bottom of the U-shaped groove; a main shaft connected to the rack, the end of the main shaft is connected with a cutter, the cutter is connected with a cam cutter head on the side close to the U-shaped groove, the main shaft is provided with a main shaft channel in the axial direction, the cutter and the cam cutter head are provided with a cutter channel in the axial direction, and the bar sequentially passes through the main shaft channel and the cutter channel and abuts against the bottom of the U-shaped groove; a driving assembly connected to the main shaft, the driving assembly can drive the cam cutter head and the bar to rotate; 5. The metallic material consumable friction solid phase welding apparatus of claim 4, wherein: wherein the bar rotates to generate heat by friction to form a hot plastic deformation material, the cam cutter head has a protruding part extending outward, and the protruding part is used for stirring the hot plastic deformation material, pushing the hot plastic deformation material to the rear of the welding direction, and accumulating along the welding direction to form a weld.

6. The metallic material consumable friction solid phase welding apparatus of claim 5, wherein: The edge of the side of the protruding part is a involute curved surface.

7. The metallic material consumable friction solid phase welding apparatus of claim 4, wherein: An upper inclined surface is arranged on the involute curved surface, and the upper inclined surface and the bottom of the cam cutter head form a preset angle.

8. The metallic material consumable friction solid phase welding apparatus of claim 4, wherein: The edge of the side of the protruding part is a circular arc curved surface. A plurality of protrusions are arranged on the surface of the cam cutter head.

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