A multi-energy field composite grinding wheel dressing device and method

Abstract

This invention provides a multi-energy field composite grinding wheel dressing device and method. The device includes a motor, horizontal and vertical ultrasonic vibration devices, a grinding wheel clamping device, a grinding wheel, a moving platform, a grinding wheel dressing mechanism, a laser dressing device, and a water tank. The horizontal and vertical ultrasonic vibration devices are connected to the grinding wheel and the grinding wheel dressing mechanism, respectively, to achieve horizontal vibration of the grinding wheel and vertical vibration of the grinding wheel dressing mechanism. This invention first uses the grinding wheel dressing mechanism to perform preliminary shaping of the grinding wheel, then uses a laser to further sharpen the grinding wheel, while simultaneously applying ultrasonic vibration on top of both processes. The entire process is carried out underwater in flowing water. The beneficial effects of this invention's device and method are reduced stress on the dressing tool, lower wear rate, effective prevention of grinding wheel clogging, extended grinding wheel life, and improved dressing efficiency and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding technology, and more particularly to a multi-energy field composite grinding wheel dressing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] During grinding, the surface morphology of the grinding wheel greatly limits its use in the precision machining of high-performance materials. Therefore, frequent dressing of the grinding wheel is necessary to ensure the smooth progress of precision machining. Due to its excellent grinding performance, superhard abrasive wheels are now widely used in the machining of difficult-to-grind and hard / brittle materials in industries such as aerospace, defense, and medical devices. However, compared with ordinary abrasive wheels, superhard abrasive wheels have disadvantages such as high dressing force, long dressing time, low efficiency, and low precision.

[0003] Dressing superhard abrasive wheels using turning methods suffers from rapid tool wear, long dressing time, low efficiency, inability to guarantee wheel surface quality, high labor intensity, and easy wheel clogging. For example, Chinese patent "A Grinding Wheel Dressing Structure for Bearing Groove Grinding Machine" (authorization publication number CN216442329U) describes a structure that can automatically dress grinding wheels, but it suffers from drawbacks such as high tool stress, rapid wear, and low efficiency. Laser dressing can rapidly increase the surface temperature of the grinding wheel, melting the metal bond and sharpening the superhard abrasive wheel. However, it can affect the abrasive strength of the superhard abrasive wheel, thus affecting the grinding process. For example, Chinese patent "Grinding Wheel Laser Dressing System" (authorization publication number CN212095935U) describes a system that uses a laser beam perpendicularly irradiated onto the outer circumference of the grinding wheel through a galvanometer to sharpen it. However, the resulting debris is difficult to remove and can affect the abrasive strength. While ultrasonic dressing provides high-quality dressing, it consumes a lot of energy and needs to be used in conjunction with other dressing methods. For example, the Chinese patent "Ultrasonic-Assisted Diamond Pen Dressing Device" (authorization publication number CN213765434U) uses an ultrasonic-assisted diamond pen to dress the grinding wheel, improving dressing efficiency and accuracy, but the diamond pen's effect on sharpening the grinding wheel is not significant.

[0004] In summary, existing superhard abrasive wheel dressing technologies have many limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the aforementioned technical problems, a multi-energy field composite grinding wheel dressing device and method are provided, which is less prone to clogging during the dressing process, has low labor intensity, and high dressing accuracy.

[0006] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows:

[0007] A multi-energy field composite grinding wheel dressing device includes a motor, a first ultrasonic vibration device arranged horizontally and a second ultrasonic vibration device arranged vertically, a grinding wheel clamping device, a grinding wheel, a moving platform, a grinding wheel dressing mechanism, a laser dressing device, and a water tank. Both the first and second ultrasonic vibration devices include an ultrasonic transducer and an amplitude transformer. The laser dressing device includes a laser emitter and a laser focusing head. The motor is connected to the first ultrasonic vibration device. The grinding wheel clamping device is located at the output end of the first ultrasonic vibration device for clamping the grinding wheel. The second ultrasonic vibration device is mounted on the moving platform, and the grinding wheel dressing mechanism is located at its output end. The laser dressing device is also located on the moving platform. In operation, the grinding wheel clamping device, the grinding wheel, the grinding wheel dressing mechanism, and the laser dressing device are all placed in a water tank containing an appropriate amount of water.

[0008] Furthermore, the straight line formed by the positions of the second ultrasonic vibration device and the laser dressing device on the lower surface of the moving platform is parallel to the y-axis, and the distance between them is greater than the thickness of the grinding wheel.

[0009] Furthermore, the water tank has an inlet on one side and an outlet on the other side, and is filled with sufficient water so that the grinding wheel clamping device, ultrasonic vibration device, and laser dressing device can be immersed in the water after being properly sealed.

[0010] Furthermore, the grinding wheel dressing mechanism includes a diamond pen.

[0011] Furthermore, the mobile platform is capable of moving along the x, y, and z axes.

[0012] Specifically, the vertical ultrasonic vibration device is fixed to the lower surface of the moving platform and includes an ultrasonic transducer and an amplitude transformer. The diamond pen is fixed to the amplitude transformer and, in coordination with the movement of the moving platform along the x, y, and z axes, approaches and contacts the outer circumference of the grinding wheel to achieve the first step of shaping, i.e., rough dressing. The laser dressing device includes a laser emitter and a laser focusing head, which are fixed to the lower surface of the moving platform. In coordination with the movement of the moving platform along the x, y, and z axes, the laser focusing head emits a laser and irradiates the outer circumference of the grinding wheel to be dressed for further dressing, i.e., fine dressing.

[0013] The water tank should be filled with an appropriate amount of water so that the finishing process can be carried out underwater. During finishing, the grinding wheel clamping device, ultrasonic vibration device, and laser finishing device should be immersed in water after being properly sealed. The water tank is equipped with an inlet and an outlet at the bottom to allow water to flow.

[0014] This invention also discloses a multi-energy field composite grinding wheel dressing method, which includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Fix the grinding wheel onto the grinding wheel clamping device. The grinding wheel clamping device is placed in a water tank filled with water, and the water in the tank is in a slow-moving state.

[0016] Step 2: Move the diamond pen along the x, y, and z axes of the moving platform to the starting dressing point of the grinding wheel, ensuring the pen tip contacts this point. The starting dressing point is located at the highest point on the right end face of the grinding wheel.

[0017] Step 3: Start the motor, and the grinding wheel clamping device will drive the grinding wheel to rotate around the y-axis. Activate the ultrasonic vibration devices in the horizontal and vertical directions to make the grinding wheel and diamond pen vibrate in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively.

[0018] Step 4: Drive the moving platform horizontally along the y-axis, i.e. the thickness direction of the grinding wheel, until the tip of the diamond pen detaches from the outer circumference of the grinding wheel. Turn off the motor and the ultrasonic vibration devices in the horizontal and vertical directions to complete the rough finishing.

[0019] Step 5: Readjust the position of the moving platform and align the laser focusing head with the starting dressing point of the grinding wheel to ensure that the laser beam can be incident along the radial direction of the grinding wheel during the dressing process.

[0020] Step Six: Start the motor; the grinding wheel clamping device drives the grinding wheel to rotate around the y-axis. Start the horizontal ultrasonic vibration device to make the grinding wheel vibrate horizontally. Start the laser emitter; the laser beam is emitted from the laser focusing head, passes through the water film, and finally enters the starting dressing point of the grinding wheel.

[0021] Step 7: Drive the moving platform horizontally along the y-axis, i.e., the thickness direction of the grinding wheel, until the laser beam leaves the outer circumference of the grinding wheel, then turn off the laser emitter. Turn off the motor and the horizontal ultrasonic vibration device to complete the finishing process.

[0022] Step 8: Move the mobile platform to the appropriate position and remove the grinding wheel.

[0023] Furthermore, in step one, the water in the tank is in a slow-flowing state, flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet, with the water surface about 1-2 cm from the top of the tank, which facilitates the removal of debris.

[0024] Furthermore, in step three, the ultrasonic vibration devices in the horizontal and vertical directions are activated, causing the grinding wheel and diamond pen to vibrate in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively.

[0025] Furthermore, the laser trimming device uses pulsed lasers, including nanosecond lasers, picosecond lasers, and femtosecond lasers, which can be used in different situations and to meet various requirements.

[0026] Furthermore, this method can be applied to grinding wheels with different bonding agents, including metal bonding agents, ceramic bonding agents, and resin bonding agents; by controlling the trajectory of the diamond pen and laser beam, the shape of the abrasive grains after dressing the grinding wheel includes triangles, squares, pentagons, and hexagons.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] 1. Through the cooperation of the horizontal and vertical ultrasonic vibration devices, the diamond pen completes the mechanical dressing of the grinding wheel with the assistance of ultrasonic vibration. This reduces cutting force, grinding heat and power consumption, avoids grinding wheel clogging and dressing burn, effectively improves the life of the diamond pen and grinding wheel, and improves dressing efficiency and quality.

[0029] 2. Laser dressing can achieve the desired abrasive grain protrusion height by controlling laser parameters to reach the ablation threshold, thus achieving the purpose of sharpening. The ultrafast laser generates ultrashort pulses with extremely short interaction time with the material, causing almost no thermal impact on the grinding wheel, thereby extending the wheel's life.

[0030] 3. Water flow has a cooling and flushing effect on the grinding wheel, which can effectively cool the dressing area and wash away the molten material on the surface of the grinding wheel, thus effectively preventing the grinding wheel from clogging. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the device provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a top view of the grinding wheel profile provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shape of the abrasive grains after trimming provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the specific method provided by the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Motor, 2. First ultrasonic transducer, 3. First amplitude transformer, 4. Grinding wheel clamping device, 5. Grinding wheel, 6. Grinding wheel dressing mechanism, 7. Second amplitude transformer, 8. Second ultrasonic transducer, 9. Moving platform, 10. Laser emitter, 11. Laser focusing head, 12. Water tank. Detailed Implementation

[0038] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0041] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0043] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0044] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0045] The basic idea of ​​this invention is to use a diamond pen to initially shape the grinding wheel, then use a laser to further sharpen it. Simultaneously, ultrasonic vibration is applied to both processes, reducing the force on the dressing tool, decreasing wear, and increasing dressing efficiency. The entire process is carried out underwater in flowing water, which washes away debris and molten material from the grinding wheel surface, effectively preventing clogging and cooling the surface, thereby improving dressing efficiency and quality.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-energy field composite grinding wheel dressing device, including a motor 1, a first ultrasonic transducer 2 and a second ultrasonic transducer 8, a first amplitude transformer 3 and a second amplitude transformer 7, a grinding wheel clamping device 4, a grinding wheel 5, a grinding wheel dressing mechanism 6, a moving platform 9, a laser emitter 10, a laser focusing head 11, and a water tank 12.

[0047] The motor 1 is connected to a horizontal ultrasonic vibration device, which includes a first ultrasonic transducer 2 and a first amplitude transformer 3. A grinding wheel clamping device 4 is fixed to the first amplitude transformer 3, and the grinding wheel 5 to be dressed is clamped in the grinding wheel clamping device 4. During the dressing process, the motor 1 drives the connected device to rotate around the y-axis, and the horizontal ultrasonic vibration device provides horizontal vibration to the grinding wheel 5 to assist the grinding wheel dressing mechanism 6 in dressing the grinding wheel 5. The grinding wheel dressing mechanism 6 includes a diamond pen.

[0048] The moving platform 9 is located above the water tank 12 and can move along the x, y, and z axes. A vertical ultrasonic vibration device, including a second ultrasonic transducer 8 and a second amplitude transformer 7, is fixed to the lower surface of the moving platform 9. During wheel dressing, the vertical ultrasonic vibration device transmits vertical ultrasonic vibrations to the wheel dressing mechanism 6 fixed below it, further assisting the wheel dressing mechanism 6 in dressing the wheel 5. The laser dressing system includes a laser emitter 10 and a laser focusing head 11. The laser emitter 10 is fixed to the lower surface of the moving platform 9, and the line formed by its fixed position on the lower surface of the moving platform 9 and the position of the vertical ultrasonic vibration device fixed on the lower surface of the moving platform 9 is parallel to the y-axis, and the distance between them is greater than the thickness of the wheel 5. During the finishing process, the laser emitted by the laser emitter 10 passes through the laser focusing head 11 and the water film in the water tank 12, ultimately reaching the outer periphery of the wheel 5 to be dressed.

[0049] The water tank 12 is equipped with an inlet and an outlet. During the dressing process, water enters the water tank 12 through the inlet and flows out through the outlet, thus achieving water flow. The water tank 12 should contain an appropriate amount of water to immerse the grinding wheel clamping device 4, the grinding wheel 5, the grinding wheel dressing mechanism 6, and the laser focusing head 11.

[0050] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown in this embodiment, the method of using a multi-energy field composite grinding wheel dressing device includes the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Fix the grinding wheel 5 onto the grinding wheel clamping device 4. The grinding wheel clamping device 4 is placed in a water tank filled with water. The water in the tank is in a slow-flowing state, that is, the water flows in from the inlet and flows out from the outlet. The water surface is about 1-2 cm from the top of the tank, which facilitates the discharge of the grinding debris.

[0052] Step 2: Move the diamond pen to the starting dressing point of the grinding wheel 5 by moving the platform 9 along the x, y, and z axes, so that the pen tip contacts the starting dressing point of the grinding wheel 5. The starting dressing point is located at the highest point of the right end face of the grinding wheel 5.

[0053] Step 3: Start motor 1, and the grinding wheel clamping device 4 drives the grinding wheel 5 to rotate around the y-axis. Start the ultrasonic vibration devices in the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the grinding wheel 5 and the diamond pen vibrate in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively.

[0054] Step 4: Drive the moving platform 9 horizontally along the y-axis, i.e. the thickness direction of the grinding wheel 5, until the tip of the diamond pen disengages from the outer circumference of the grinding wheel 5. Then turn off the motor 1 and the ultrasonic vibration devices in the horizontal and vertical directions to complete the rough finishing.

[0055] Step 5: Readjust the position of the moving platform 9, aligning the laser focusing head 11 with the starting dressing point of the grinding wheel 5, ensuring that the laser beam can be incident along the radial direction of the grinding wheel 5 during the dressing process. The height distance between the laser focusing head 11 and the starting dressing point of the grinding wheel 5 should be 1-2 cm.

[0056] Step Six: Start motor 1, and the grinding wheel clamping device 4 drives the grinding wheel 5 to rotate around the y-axis. Start the horizontal ultrasonic vibration device to make the grinding wheel 5 vibrate in the horizontal direction. Start the laser emitter 10, and the laser beam is emitted from the laser focusing head 11, passes through the water film, and finally enters the starting dressing point of the grinding wheel 5.

[0057] Step 7: Drive the moving platform 9 horizontally along the y-axis, i.e., the thickness direction of the grinding wheel 5, until the laser beam leaves the outer circumference of the grinding wheel 5, then turn off the laser emitter 10. Turn off the motor 1 and the horizontal ultrasonic vibration device to complete the finishing process.

[0058] Step 8: Move the mobile platform 9 to the appropriate position and remove the grinding wheel 5.

[0059] like Figure 3 The image shows the macroscopic morphology of grinding wheel 5 before dressing, after rough dressing, and after fine dressing. A grinding wheel with a macroscopic morphology that tends to be regular and round can be obtained through dressing.

[0060] like Figure 4 The image shows the shape of the abrasive grains after trimming. Different shapes of abrasive grains can be obtained by controlling the trajectory of the diamond pen and the laser beam. The abrasive grain shapes can be triangular, square, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-energy field composite grinding wheel dressing device, characterized in that: The device includes a motor, a first ultrasonic vibration device arranged horizontally and a second ultrasonic vibration device arranged vertically, a grinding wheel clamping device, a grinding wheel, a moving platform, a grinding wheel dressing mechanism, a laser dressing device, and a water tank. Both the first and second ultrasonic vibration devices include ultrasonic transducers and amplitude transformers. The laser dressing device includes a laser emitter and a laser focusing head. The motor is connected to the first ultrasonic vibration device. The grinding wheel clamping device is located at the output end of the first ultrasonic vibration device for clamping the grinding wheel. The second ultrasonic vibration device is mounted on the moving platform. The grinding wheel dressing mechanism is located at the output end of the second ultrasonic vibration device. The laser dressing device is also located on the moving platform. In operation, the grinding wheel clamping device, the grinding wheel, the grinding wheel dressing mechanism, and the laser dressing device are all placed in a water tank containing an appropriate amount of water. The straight line formed by the positions of the second ultrasonic vibration device and the laser dressing device on the lower surface of the moving platform is parallel to the y-axis, and the distance between them is greater than the thickness of the grinding wheel. The water tank has an inlet on one side and an outlet on the other side, and is filled with enough water to allow the grinding wheel clamping device, ultrasonic vibration device, and laser dressing device to be immersed in the water after proper sealing.

2. The multi-energy field composite grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding wheel dressing mechanism includes a diamond pen.

3. The multi-energy field composite grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile platform is capable of moving along the x, y, and z axes.

4. A dressing method using a multi-energy field composite grinding wheel dressing device as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Fix the grinding wheel on the grinding wheel clamping device, wherein the grinding wheel clamping device is in a water tank filled with water, and the water in the tank is in a flowing state; Step 2: Move the diamond pen to the starting dressing point of the grinding wheel by moving the platform along the x, y, and z axes, so that the tip of the diamond pen contacts the starting dressing point of the grinding wheel. The starting dressing point is located at the highest point on the right end face of the grinding wheel. Step 3: Start the motor, the grinding wheel clamping device drives the grinding wheel to rotate around the y-axis, and start the ultrasonic vibration device in the horizontal and vertical directions; Step 4: Drive the moving platform horizontally along the y-axis, i.e. the thickness direction of the grinding wheel, until the tip of the diamond pen detaches from the outer circumference of the grinding wheel. Turn off the motor and the ultrasonic vibration devices in the horizontal and vertical directions to complete the rough finishing. Step 5: Readjust the position of the moving platform and align the laser focusing head with the starting dressing point of the grinding wheel to ensure that the laser beam can be incident along the radial direction of the grinding wheel during the dressing process; Step 6: Start the motor, the grinding wheel clamping device drives the grinding wheel to rotate around the y-axis, start the horizontal ultrasonic vibration device to make the grinding wheel vibrate in the horizontal direction, start the laser emitter, the laser beam is emitted from the laser focusing head, passes through the water film, and finally enters the starting dressing point of the grinding wheel. Step 7: Drive the moving platform horizontally along the y-axis, i.e. the thickness direction of the grinding wheel, until the laser beam leaves the outer circumference of the grinding wheel. Turn off the laser emitter, the motor, and the horizontal ultrasonic vibration device to complete the finishing process. Step 8: Move the mobile platform to the appropriate position and remove the grinding wheel.

5. The trimming method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step one, the water in the tank is in a slow-flowing state, flowing in from the inlet and out from the outlet, with the water surface 1-2 cm below the top of the tank, which facilitates the removal of debris.

6. The trimming method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step three, the ultrasonic vibration devices in the horizontal and vertical directions are activated, causing the grinding wheel and diamond pen to vibrate in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively.

7. The trimming method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The laser trimming device uses pulsed lasers, including nanosecond lasers, picosecond lasers, and femtosecond lasers, and can be used in different situations and to meet various needs.

8. The trimming method according to claim 4, characterized in that, This method can be applied to grinding wheels with different bonds, including metal bonds, ceramic bonds, and resin bonds; by controlling the trajectory of the diamond pen and laser beam, the abrasive grains of the grinding wheel can be dressed into shapes including triangles, squares, pentagons, and hexagons.

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