A 60 kg / m rail No. 9 turnout and its transformation method

Abstract

Provide a 60 kg / m rail No. 9 turnout and its transformation method, including the following improvements: reducing the pulling force and reducing the insufficient displacement on the basis of the existing 60 kg / m rail No. 9 turnout. In view of the problems existing in the existing products, the present invention develops a No. 9 elastic bendable switch rail single-point traction turnout for urban rail transit. By optimizing the structure of the turnout parts, a single point of electric switch machine is used to realize the electric traction and switching of the elastic bendable switch rail, reducing the purchase cost of electric equipment and the civil engineering cost, extending the service life of the switch rail, and reducing the daily maintenance workload.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of railway turnouts, and particularly relates to a No. 9 turnout with 60 kg / m rail and a transformation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the rapid development of urban rail construction in China, the No. 9 single - opening turnout with 60 kg / m rail has become the main model product for urban rail transit due to its advantages such as excellent passenger comfort, high passing speed, and small floor area. It has been widely adopted in recent years and has broad application market prospects. However, it has the following problems in application:

[0003] There are two types of No. 9 single - opening turnouts with 60 kg / m rail: One type uses a straight switch rail with a length of 6450 mm and a rail type of 60AT1 (abbreviation for AT switch rail, a short - type special - section switch rail), and the heel end is a loose - joint structure. Setting one traction point can achieve the switching conversion of the switch rail, reducing the purchase and maintenance costs of signal equipment. However, the loose - joint structure at the heel end of the switch rail is prone to misalignment of the rail head of the guide rail connected to it due to frequent switching by signal equipment, exacerbating the impact vibration when the train passes through the joint, shortening the service life of the switch rail, increasing the wheel - rail noise, and not conforming to the green transportation design concept. The other type uses a curved switch rail with a length of 10680 mm or 11200 mm and a rail type of 60AT1, and the heel end is an elastic - bendable type, enhancing the stability of the connection between the heel end of the switch rail and the guide rail and avoiding the instability problem of the loose - joint switch rail. However, with the increase in the length of the switch rail and the change in the heel - end structure, two traction points are required to switch the switch rail, that is, two switch machines are used, increasing the purchase cost of signal equipment and the workload of maintenance and repair; in addition, the side wear of the curved switch rail is relatively fast, reducing the service life. Therefore, the following technical solutions are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the invention: Provide a No. 9 turnout with 60 kg / m rail and a transformation method thereof, which solve the technical problems of high purchase and maintenance costs of signal equipment, non - conformity to the green transportation design concept, and short service life of the existing No. 9 single - opening turnout with 60 kg / m rail.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the invention: A transformation method for a No. 9 turnout with 60 kg / m rail, including the following improvements: reducing the pulling force and reducing the insufficient displacement on the basis of the existing No. 9 turnout with 60 kg / m rail.

[0006] In the above - mentioned technical solution, further: The following measures are included in reducing the pulling force:

[0007] S001. Change the rail type of the switch rail, from the existing 60AT1 rail to 60AT2 rail; cut or mill the web of the elastic bendable section of the switch rail; S002. Conduct anti-friction treatment on the surface of the slide plate; arrange roller devices at intervals on the slide plate to change sliding friction into rolling friction.

[0008] In the above technical solutions, further: The following measures are included in reducing the insufficient displacement:

[0009] S001. Increase the stroke of the traction point; S002. Set one or two adjustable connecting rods in the movable section of the switch rail to enhance the overall framework effect of the curved switch rail and the straight switch rail; S003. Reduce the length of the movable section of the switch rail.

[0010] In the above technical solutions, preferably: A pair of roller slide plates are arranged at intervals of 3 to 6 sleeper spans in the movable section of the switch rail.

[0011] In the above technical solutions, further: The roller has no effect when the switch rail is in the working state. When the switch rail is turned away from the stock rail, the roller starts to contact the bottom of the switch rail and gradually raises the switch rail.

[0012] In the above technical solutions, further: The self-lubricating anti-friction material means setting an anti-friction coating on the surface of the table board and reducing the friction coefficient to 0.1 - 0.17.

[0013] In the above technical solutions, preferably: The anti-friction coating means plating hard chromium, laser cladding alloy material or setting polytetrafluoroethylene self-lubricating material on the surface of the table board.

[0014] In the above technical solutions, further: Cutting or milling the web of the elastic bendable section of the switch rail means: The cutting length of the rail bottom is L, the cutting width of the short limb side of the rail bottom is a, or the cutting width of the long limb side of the rail bottom is b.

[0015] In the above technical solutions, preferably: L is 1000mm - 4000mm, a ≤ 20mm, b ≤ 40mm.

[0016] In the above technical solutions, further: Increasing the stroke of the traction point means: Based on the characteristic of the large length of the elastic bendable switch rail, changing two-point traction to one traction point, so as to increase the stroke of the traction point from 160mm to 160mm - 180mm.

[0017] In the above technical solution, further: The adjustable connecting rod includes connecting rod A, connecting rod B, a double-threaded sleeve, a left-handed nut, a right-handed nut, a pin shaft, and an open split pin; The double-threaded sleeve has axially symmetric and equal thread section adjustment amounts L1 for connecting rod A and connecting rod B respectively, and an extended section L2 is provided on the smooth inner cylindrical wall in the middle of the double-threaded sleeve body; The circuit adjusts the total length of the adjustable connecting rod by adjusting the assembly length L1 of connecting rod A, connecting rod B and the double-threaded sleeve; And the connecting rod A and the connecting rod B respectively have a smooth shaft adjustment section L5 and a threaded adjustment section L4.

[0018] In the above technical solution, preferably: The shortest length of the thread section adjustment amount L1 is 10P, where P is the pitch of the left-handed thread and the right-handed thread of the double-threaded sleeve 3; The double-threaded sleeve 3 has a major diameter of the thread 26mm ≤ d ≤ 40mm; The thinnest part of the wall thickness of the double-threaded sleeve 3 is ≥ 8mm; The structural shapes of the connecting rod A and the connecting rod B are symmetric about the left and right and the adjustment amounts are equal; The relationship between the nut thicknesses of the left-handed nut 4 and the right-handed nut 5 and L4 satisfies 10P ≤ L4 ≤ 200mm.

[0019] In the foregoing technical solution, preferably: The threaded engagement length of the connecting rod A, the connecting rod B and the double-threaded sleeve 3 is 8P to 10P, where P is the pitch of the corresponding thread; And the assembly lengths L3 of the connecting rod A and the connecting rod B are always the same; And the maximum assembly length L3 is equal to the inner thread length L1 of the double-threaded sleeve 3.

[0020] In the above technical solution, preferably: When the engagement length of the connecting rod A, the connecting rod B and the double-threaded sleeve is the designed shortest length 10P, the total length L of the adjustable connecting rod is the longest, and Lmax = 2L5 + 2L4 + 2L1 + L2 - 20P; And the nut thicknesses of the left-handed nut 4 and the right-handed nut 5 satisfy 10P ≤ L4 ≤ 200mm; When L4 is the shortest length, the nut thickness is 10P, and L1 and L3 are the shortest length 10P, the total length L of the adjustable connecting rod is the shortest, that is, Lmin = 2L5 + 2L4 + L2; At this time, the maximum adjustment amount of the connecting rod Lmax - Lmin = 2L5 + 2L1 + L2 - 20P - 2L5 - L2 = 2L1 - 20P.

[0021] In the above technical solution, preferably: Reducing the length of the movable section of the switch rail means: Changing the fixing of the switch rail heel end from being fixed by 3 pads conventionally to being fixed by 4 to 6 pads.

[0022] In the above technical solution, preferably: The curved switch rail increases the cross-sectional width and reduces the switch impact angle through structural improvement.

[0023] The present invention further includes a No. 9 turnout for 60kg / m rail, and the No. 9 turnout for 60kg / m rail is modified according to the modification method of any one of the foregoing technical solutions.

[0024] Advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art:

[0025] 1. The present invention uses 60AT2 rails, which have the advantages of relatively low rail height, relatively thin rail web, relatively narrow rail base, and relatively small horizontal and vertical moment of inertia. It can greatly reduce the switch rail pulling force, and provides a large space condition for the elastic clamping of the basic rail web, with sufficient safety. At the same time, it can greatly reduce the switch rail pulling force, providing a strong guarantee for the safe operation of the train. On the other hand, because the 60AT2 rail is relatively low, the height difference between the switch rail and the basic rail is increased, which is convenient for setting elastic clips or wedge-shaped adjusting spring washers on the slide plate, increasing the clamping ability of the fastener on the basic rail, and improving the stability of the turnout. The same length of rail consumes less steel materials, saving steel materials.

[0026] 2. The milling or cutting technical solution of the switch rail elastic bendable section rail base of the present invention can reduce the horizontal moment of inertia, which is beneficial to the elastic deformation of the switch rail during switching.

[0027] 3. The present invention changes sliding friction to rolling friction. The roller does not work when the switch rail is in the working state. When the switch rail is pulled away from the basic rail, the roller comes into contact with the switch rail base and gradually raises the switch rail, changing the sliding friction to rolling friction, greatly reducing the friction resistance, and at the same time reducing the vibration of the switch rail on the slide plate. The position and height of the roller can be adjusted to maintain the best working state at different positions.

[0028] 4. The friction coefficient between the surface of the ordinary slide plate and the switch rail base of the present invention is 0.25. To further reduce the friction coefficient of the slide plate surface, an anti-friction coating is provided on the slide plate surface: hard chromium plating, laser cladding of alloy materials or setting polytetrafluoroethylene self-lubricating materials on the slide plate surface; the friction coefficient is reduced to 0.17 and 0.1, which plays a role in reducing the friction resistance and preventing rust, and there is no need to apply lubricating oil to the line.

[0029] 5. The length of the elastic bendable switch rail of the present invention is relatively large. When two-point traction is used, the stroke of the first traction point of the elastic bendable switch rail is 160 mm, and the maximum stroke of the existing switch machines in China is 240 mm; when one traction point is set, the stroke can be appropriately increased, and the stroke of the traction point becomes 160 mm - 180 mm. The existing switch machines have sufficient locking margin and can be directly used, and the conditions are mature.

[0030] 6. The present invention increases the frame action of the two switch rails, that is, the stiffness; according to the length of the movable section, one or two adjustable connecting rods are set on the movable sections of the curved switch rail and the straight switch rail, so that the two switch rails form a frame, which can ensure that the switch rail is pulled to the designed position and maintain the switch rail line type during conversion.

[0031] 7. The present invention shortens the length of the movable section of the switch rail; for switch rails of the same length, the length of the fixed section increases accordingly, and the shorter the length of the movable section of the switch rail, the greater the pulling force and the smaller the insufficient displacement; an optimal balance is achieved between the pulling force and the insufficient displacement, while ensuring that the pulling force has a certain safety margin with respect to the rated conversion force of the existing switch machine.

[0032] 8. Through structural improvement, the present invention increases the cross-sectional width of the curved switch rail and reduces the switch impact angle, thereby playing a role in extending the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the switch of a single-point traction turnout with an elastic bendable 9th switch rail for 60 kg / m rail;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional dimensions of 60AT1 rail;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional dimensions of 60AT2 rail;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cutting of the rail bottom of the elastic bendable section of the switch rail;

[0037] Figure 5 For Figure 4 A-A sectional view;

[0038] Figure 6 For Figure 4 B-B sectional view;

[0039] Figure 7 For Figure 4 I-direction schematic diagram;

[0040] Figure 8 It is the front view of the roller slide plate;

[0041] Figure 9 For Figure 8 Bottom view;

[0042] Figure 10 For Figure 8 A-A sectional view;

[0043] Figure 11 It is a photo diagram of the working principle of the roller slide plate;

[0044] Figure 12 It is a photo diagram of the anti-friction coating provided on the surface of the slide plate table;

[0045] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of arranging one or two adjustable connecting rods on the movable sections of two switch rails;

[0046] Figure 14 It is the front view of the adjustable connecting rod;

[0047] Figure 15 is a sectional view of; Figure 14 ;

[0048] Figure 16 is the front view of a bi-directional threaded sleeve;

[0049] Figure 17 is Figure 16 the side view;

[0050] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the fixed section of the tongue rail with an increased length;

[0051] Figure 19 is the framework diagram of the improvement idea of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the dimensions L4 and L5 of the connecting rod A and the connecting rod B;

[0053] Figure 21 is related to Figure 15 the schematic diagram of the reference numerals;

[0054] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front section of the curved tongue rail;

[0055] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front section of a conventional curved tongue rail;

[0056] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tip of a conventional curved tongue rail;

[0057] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tip of a conventional curved tongue rail;

[0058] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the curved tongue rail after the tip is widened;

[0059] In the figure: 1 - connecting rod A, 2 - connecting rod B, 3 - bi-directional threaded sleeve, 4 - left-handed nut, 5 - right-handed nut, 6 - pin shaft, 7 - split pin. Specific embodiments

[0060] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying Figures 1 - 26 drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0061] A transformation method for a 60 kg / m rail No. 9 turnout, (see Figure 20 ) includes the following improvements: reducing the pulling force and reducing the insufficient displacement on the basis of the existing 60 kg / m rail No. 9 turnout.

[0062] In the above embodiments, further: the following measures are included in reducing the pulling force: S001. Change the switch rail profile from the existing 60AT1 rail to 60AT2 rail; cut or mill the web of the elastic bendable section of the switch rail. S002. Perform anti-friction treatment on the surface of the slide plate; arrange roller devices at intervals on the slide plate to change the sliding friction into rolling friction.

[0063] That is to say: in terms of reducing the pulling force of the present invention, on the one hand, change the switch rail profile from the existing 60AT1 rail to 60AT2 rail with a smaller moment of inertia, while providing sufficient track strength, greatly reducing the pulling resistance. At the same time, appropriately cut or mill the web of the elastic bendable section of the switch rail; on the other hand, reduce the friction coefficient of the surface of the slide plate, perform anti-friction treatment on the surface of the slide plate, and there is no need to apply oil for anti-friction during daily use, avoiding the aging and failure of the rubber pads under the plate due to oil application on the slide plate, and arrange roller devices at intervals on the slide plate to change the sliding friction into rolling friction, which can greatly reduce the pulling force resistance.

[0064] In the above embodiments, further: the following measures are included in reducing the insufficient displacement:

[0065] S001. Increase the stroke of the traction point. S002. Set one or two adjustable connecting rods in the movable section of the switch rail to enhance the overall frame effect of the curved switch rail and the straight switch rail. S003. Reduce the length of the movable section of the switch rail.

[0066] It should be noted that: in terms of reducing the insufficient displacement of the present invention: on the one hand, increase the stroke of the traction point; on the other hand, set one or two adjustable connecting rods in the movable section of the switch rail, and through the adjustable connecting rods, enhance the overall frame effect of the curved switch rail and the straight switch rail; at the same time, appropriately reduce the length of the movable section of the switch rail (see Figure 1 ).

[0067] Among them, regarding the method and measures for reducing the pulling force on the basis of the existing 9th turnout with 60 kg / m rail, it should be noted that: the pulling force of the switch rail is mainly affected by factors such as the cross-sectional shape of the rail, the position of the traction point, the stroke, the frictional resistance between the rail base of the switch rail and the surface of the slide table, the milling condition of the rail base in the bendable section, and the fastener resistance.

[0068] Therefore, the present invention proposes to use 60AT2 rail with a smaller moment of inertia for the switch rail: it should be noted that: compared with 60AT1 rail (see Figure 2 ), 60AT2 rail (see Figure 3) It has advantages such as a lower rail height, a thinner rail web, a narrower rail base, and smaller horizontal and vertical moment of inertia; it can greatly reduce the switch rail pulling force and provides a large space condition for the elastic clamping of the stock rail web. The switch rails and the crossing rails of the high-speed railway turnouts in China both adopt 60AT2 rails. The speed and axle load of urban rail transit trains are both less than those of high-speed railways. Therefore, it is safe enough to use 60AT2 rails for the switch rails of urban rail turnouts.

[0069] In addition, there are mainly two advantages in using 60AT2 rails for the switch rails and making further improvements on this rail type: Since the 60AT2 rail has a relatively small lateral stiffness, through theoretical calculations and pulling force test verification, the switch rail pulling force can be greatly reduced, providing a strong guarantee for the safe operation of the train; on the other hand, because the 60AT2 rail is relatively short, the height difference between the switch rail and the stock rail is increased, which is convenient for setting elastic clips or wedge-shaped adjusting spring pieces on the slide plate, increasing the clamping ability of the fasteners on the stock rail. Correspondingly, the stability of the turnout is improved.

[0070] At the same time, the cross-section of the 60AT2 rail is relatively small, and the steel materials consumed by the same length of the rail are less, saving steel raw materials (see Table 1: Comparison Table of Geometric Parameters of 60AT2 Rail and 60AT1 Rail in combination with the attached drawings of the specification).

[0071]

[0072] Moreover, the core further improvement of the present invention based on the rail type selection is as follows: In terms of the measures of cutting or milling the rail base of the elastic bendable section of the switch rail: In the above embodiments, further: Cutting or milling the rail web of the elastic bendable section of the switch rail means: The cutting length of the rail base is L, the cutting width on the short limb side of the rail base is a, or the cutting width on the long limb side of the rail base is b.

[0073] It should be noted that: The cutting or milling of the rail base of the elastic bendable section of the switch rail (see Figures 4 to 7 ) can reduce the horizontal moment of inertia and is beneficial to the elastic deformation during the pulling process. The longer the length and the larger the width of the milling or cutting section, the greater the stress of the switch rail and the smaller the strength reserve; According to the speed and axle load of the train passing through the turnout, when ensuring that the switch rail has enough safety strength reserve, the rail base is cut with an appropriate length L, width a or b.

[0074] In the above embodiments, preferably: L is 1000mm to 4000mm, a ≤ 20mm, b ≤ 40mm.

[0075] Embodiment 1: According to the finite element analysis and calculation, when milling the rail base of the elastic bendable section while ensuring that the switch rail has enough strength, when the axle load of the train ≤ 15t, the maximum value of L is taken as 4000mm, the maximum value of a is taken as 20mm, and the maximum value of b is taken as 40mm.

[0076] Example 2: According to the finite element analysis and calculation, under the condition of ensuring that the switch rail has sufficient strength, the bottom of the elastic bendable section is milled. When 15t < train axle load ≤ 17t, the maximum value of L is taken as 3000mm, the maximum value of a is taken as 15mm, and the maximum value of b is taken as 30mm.

[0077] Example 3: According to the finite element analysis and calculation, under the condition of ensuring that the switch rail has sufficient strength, the bottom of the elastic bendable section is milled. When 17t < train axle load ≤ 19t, the maximum value of L is taken as 2500mm, the maximum value of a is taken as 10mm, and the maximum value of b is taken as 25mm.

[0078] In terms of the measures to reduce the friction coefficient of the surface of the slide base in the present invention:

[0079] In the above embodiments, preferably: a pair of roller slide plates are arranged at intervals of 3 to 6 sleeper spans in the movable section of the switch rail. In the above embodiments, further: the rollers do not function when the switch rail is in the working state. When the switch rail is turned away from the stock rail, the rollers come into contact with the bottom of the switch rail and gradually lift the switch rail.

[0080] It should be noted that: the frictional force between the bottom of the switch rail and the surface of the slide base plate is the main resistance during the conversion process. Therefore, in order to reduce the conversion resistance, a pair of roller slide plates are generally arranged at intervals of 3 to 6 sleeper spans in the movable section of the switch rail (see Figures 8 to 10 ), changing the sliding friction to rolling friction.

[0081] In addition, the rollers do not function when the switch rail is in the working state; when the switch rail is turned away from the stock rail, the rollers come into contact with the bottom of the switch rail and gradually lift the switch rail, changing the sliding friction to rolling friction and greatly reducing the frictional resistance; the position and height of the rollers can be adjusted to maintain the best working state at different positions. The specific adjustment method is the prior art and will not be elaborated; for the working principle of the roller slide plate, see Figure 11 as shown.

[0082] In the above embodiments, further: the anti-friction treatment of the surface of the slide plate means setting an anti-friction coating on the surface of the base plate, thereby reducing the friction coefficient to 0.1 to 0.17 and reducing the friction coefficient to 0.1 to 0.17.

[0083] In the above embodiments, preferably: the anti-friction coating refers to plating hard chromium, laser cladding alloy materials or setting polytetrafluoroethylene self-lubricating materials on the surface of the base plate.

[0084] It should be noted that: Regarding the measure of setting a friction-reducing coating on the surface of the slide table board; the friction coefficient between the surface of the ordinary slide table board and the bottom of the switch rail is about 0.25; therefore, to reduce the friction coefficient of the table board surface: a friction-reducing coating is set on the table board surface. Such as hard chromium plating on the table board surface, laser cladding of alloy materials or setting polytetrafluoroethylene self-lubricating materials, so as to reduce the friction coefficient to 0.1 - 0.17, playing the role of reducing friction resistance and anti-corrosion, and there is no need to apply lubricating oil to the line (see Figure 12 ).

[0085] In the above-mentioned embodiment, further: The increase in the traction stroke refers to: Based on the characteristic of the large length of the elastic flexure switch rail, changing the two-point traction to a single traction point, so as to increase the traction stroke from 160 mm to 160 mm - 180 mm.

[0086] It should be noted that: Regarding the measure of reducing the insufficient displacement of the switch rail:

[0087] In terms of the measure of increasing the traction stroke: The length of the elastic flexure switch rail is relatively large. When the first traction stroke of the elastic flexure switch rail is 160 mm under two-point traction, the maximum stroke of the existing switch machines in China is 240 mm. When setting a single traction point, the stroke can be increased by 10 mm - 20 mm, and the traction stroke becomes 160 mm - 180 mm. The switch machine has sufficient locking margin and can be directly adopted, and the conditions are ripe.

[0088] In the aspect of the present invention in setting adjustable connecting rods to enhance the function of the switch rail framework:

[0089] In the above-mentioned embodiment, further: The setting of one or two adjustable connecting rods means: According to the length of the movable section, one or two adjustable connecting rods are set on the movable sections of the curved switch rail and the straight switch rail.

[0090] The setting of the connecting rods is mainly to ensure the stiffness of the track framework formed by the curved switch rail and the straight switch rail, which is more conducive to the switch rail being switched in place. According to finite element calculation, the position and quantity of the connecting rods have certain influences on the pulling force and the insufficient displacement. Considering from the perspective of ensuring the overall stiffness of the structural framework and the width of the wheel flange groove, when the length Ld of the movable section of the switch rail ≥ 9.8 m, it is advisable to set two connecting rods, and by appropriately adjusting the position of the connecting rods to reduce the insufficient displacement of the conversion. The distance Ls between the first connecting rod and the center of the traction point is 1.5 m - 3.0 m, and the distance Lt between the second connecting rod and the fixed end of the switch rail ≥ 4.0 m. When the length Ld of the movable section of the switch rail ≤ 7 m, 1 connecting rod is set, and the distance Ls between this connecting rod and the center of the traction point is 1.5 m - 4.0 m.

[0091] It should be noted that: The insufficient displacement of the switch rail refers to the difference between the displacement generated during the conversion process and the designed position, that is, the difference between the actual position of the switch rail after being turned and converted and the designed position. When a single traction point is adopted for the switch rail, the rear part of the movable section has a relatively small self-stiffness, which reduces the conversion displacement, resulting in a smaller gauge at this position and affecting the smoothness of train operation. Therefore, to increase the frame effect of the two switch rails, that is, the stiffness; thus, according to the length of the movable section, one or two connecting rods are arranged in the movable sections of the curved switch rail and the straight switch rail (see Figure 13 the illustrated embodiment).

[0092] Embodiment 1: When the length of the movable section Ld ≤ 7m, one adjustable connecting rod is arranged in the movable sections of the curved switch rail and the straight switch rail. This embodiment is applicable to the case where the length of the movable section of the switch rail is relatively short.

[0093] Embodiment 2: When the length of the movable section Ld ≥ 9.8m, two adjustable connecting rods are arranged in the movable sections of the curved switch rail and the straight switch rail. This embodiment is applicable to the case where the length of the movable section of the switch rail is relatively long.

[0094] In the above embodiments, further: The adjustable connecting rod includes connecting rod A, connecting rod B, bidirectional threaded sleeve 3, left-handed nut 4, right-handed nut 5, pin shaft 6, and split pin 7. It should be noted that: First, the thread lengths L1 on both sides of the bidirectional threaded sleeve 3 are the same, that is, the bidirectional threaded sleeve 3 has axially symmetric and equal thread section adjustment amounts L1 for the connecting rod A and the connecting rod B respectively. The shortest thread section adjustment amount L1 is 10P, where P is the pitch of the left-handed thread and the right-handed thread of the bidirectional threaded sleeve 3; one side is a right-handed internal thread and the other side is a left-handed internal thread. Moreover, the middle inner cylindrical smooth wall of the bidirectional threaded sleeve 3 has an extended section L2. Among them, the total length L of the adjustable connecting rod can be adjusted by adjusting the assembly lengths L1 of the connecting rod A, the connecting rod B, and the bidirectional threaded sleeve 3; and the connecting rod A and the connecting rod B respectively have a smooth shaft adjustment section L5 and a thread adjustment section L4.

[0095] Based on the above technical solution embodiments, preferably: To ensure that the adjustable connecting rod does not undergo torsional deformation during application and to save materials, through finite element force calculation, the major diameter d of the thread of the bidirectional threaded sleeve 3 satisfies 26mm ≤ d ≤ 40mm; at the same time, the thinnest wall thickness of the bidirectional threaded sleeve 3 is ≥ 8mm. Regarding the structural shapes of the connecting rod A and the connecting rod B: They always maintain left-right symmetry and equal adjustment amounts; the relationship between the nut thicknesses of the left-handed nut 4 and the right-handed nut 5 and L4 satisfies 10P ≤ L4 ≤ 200mm.

[0096] In the foregoing technical solution, preferably, it should be noted that the structures of link A and link B, the outer thread lengths L4 and L5, etc. are all the same. To ensure the safe connection strength between the double-threaded sleeve and link A and link B, according to the mechanical principle of thread connection, the thread engagement length between link A, link B and the double-threaded sleeve 3 is 8P to 10P, where P is the pitch of the corresponding thread; optimally: the engagement length is 10P. And the assembly lengths L3 of link A and link B are always the same; and the maximum of the assembly length L3 is equal to the inner thread length L1 of the double-threaded sleeve 3. In addition, the maximum of the thread assembly length L3 is equal to the inner thread length L1 of the spiral sleeve, that is, L3 ≤ L1, to avoid contact interference during the assembly of link A and link B.

[0097] In the above technical solution, preferably: when the engagement length between link A, link B and the double-threaded sleeve is the shortest designed length of 10P, the total length L of the adjustable link is the longest, and Lmax = 2L5 + 2L4 + 2L1 + L2 - 20P; and the nut thicknesses of the left-handed nut 4 and the right-handed nut 5 satisfy 10P ≤ L4 ≤ 200 mm; when L4 is the shortest length, the nut thickness is 10P, and L1 and L3 are the shortest lengths of 10P, the total length L of the adjustable link is the shortest, that is, Lmin = 2L5 + 2L4 + L2; at this time, the maximum adjustment amount of the link = Lmax - Lmin = 2L5 + 2L1 + L2 - 20P - 2L5 - L2 = 2L1 - 20P.

[0098] Regarding the structural characteristics of the adjustable link, among them, the inner ends of link A1 and link B2 assembled and connected to the double-threaded sleeve 3 are respectively rotationally and coaxially fitted and connected to both ends of the double-threaded sleeve 3, and the left and right inner threads made on the double-threaded sleeve 3 are symmetrically arranged; U-shaped ear plates are respectively made at the outer ends of link A1 and link B2, and coaxial and opposite pin holes are made on the upper and lower parallel plates of the U-shaped ear plates. After adjusting the extended lengths of link A1 and link B2, the adjustable link is connected and fixed to the switch through the U-shaped ear plates using the pin shaft 6 and the anti-drop split pin 7, thereby forming a frame structure. The left-handed nut 4 and the right-handed nut 5 are used to lock the extended lengths of link A1 and link B2.

[0099] It should be noted that: for the convenience of adjusting the link size on the line, the link is designed to be adjustable: that is, it is composed of link A, link B, double-threaded sleeve, left-handed nut, right-handed nut, pin shaft, and split pin (see Figures 14 to 15 shown). Among them, the double-threaded sleeve (see Figure 15 shown) has a certain adjustment amount, and the line adjusts the total length of the link by adjusting the assembly lengths of the double-threaded sleeve and link A and link B.

[0100] Based on the above embodiments, preferably: the reduction of the movable section length of the switch rail means that the heel end of the switch rail is fixed from the conventional 3 pads to 4 to 6 pads.

[0101] It should be noted that: Regarding the measures for shortening the movable section length of the switch rail: The longer the movable section length of the switch rail, the smaller the pulling force and the larger the insufficient displacement; the shorter the movable section length, the larger the pulling force and the smaller the insufficient displacement. Therefore, during the design, it is necessary to achieve an optimal balance between the pulling force and the insufficient displacement: on the premise of ensuring that the pulling force has a certain safety margin for the rated conversion force of the existing switch machine, the movable section length can be appropriately shortened; for switch rails of the same length, the fixed section length will increase accordingly, and the heel end of the switch rail is usually fixed by 3 pads; for the present invention, it is fixed by 3 to 6 pads (see Figure 19 shown), and measures such as adopting a new rail type for the switch rail, a roller device, and friction reduction treatment for the slide plate are taken in coordination.

[0102] Regarding the embodiments of the movable section length:

[0103] Embodiment 1: When the movable section length is Ld ≤ 7m, an adjustable connecting rod is arranged in the movable sections of the curved switch rail and the straight switch rail. This embodiment is applicable to the case where the movable section length of the switch rail is relatively short.

[0104] Embodiment 2: When the movable section length is Ld ≥ 9.8m, two adjustable connecting rods are arranged in the movable sections of the curved switch rail and the straight switch rail. This embodiment is applicable to the case where the movable section length of the switch rail is relatively long.

[0105] Regarding the embodiments of the pads:

[0106] Embodiment 1: According to theoretical calculations, when the pulling force of the switch rail is ≤ 1000N compared with the rated conversion force of the switch machine, in order to ensure the safe and reliable conversion of the switch rail, it is fixed by 3 pads.

[0107] Embodiment 2: According to theoretical calculations, when the pulling force of the switch rail is ≤ 1500N compared with the rated conversion force of the switch machine, in order to improve the smoothness of the train passing through the turnout and minimize the insufficient displacement as much as possible, it is fixed by 4 pads.

[0108] Embodiment 3: According to theoretical calculations, when the pulling force of the switch rail is ≤ 2000N compared with the rated conversion force of the switch machine, in order to improve the smoothness of the train passing through the turnout and minimize the insufficient displacement as much as possible, it is fixed by 5 pads.

[0109] Embodiment 4: According to theoretical calculations, when the pulling force of the switch rail is ≤ 2500N compared with the rated conversion force of the switch machine, in order to improve the smoothness of the train passing through the turnout and minimize the insufficient displacement as much as possible, it is fixed by 6 pads.

[0110] The present invention also claims protection for a No. 9 turnout with 60 kg / m rail, and the No. 9 turnout with 60 kg / m rail is transformed according to the transformation method described in any of the foregoing technical solution embodiments. The specific structural features of the No. 9 turnout with 60 kg / m rail are included in the foregoing specific embodiments and will not be elaborated herein.

[0111] To prove that the technical solution of the present invention significantly extends the service life of the curved switch rail in terms of structural design, that is, the curved switch rail of the present invention increases the cross-sectional width and reduces the switch impact angle through structural improvement, thus playing a role in extending the service life. The discussion is as follows:

[0112] Under normal circumstances, the cross-sectional width at the tip of the switch rail is 0 mm and gradually increases to the full rail head width. To prevent the smaller-width area at the front end of the switch rail from being crushed by the train load and reduce the rail top height at the front section of the switch rail, the rail top height at the tip is usually reduced by 23 mm, the rail top height at the 20-mm cross-section is reduced by 5 mm, and the rail top at the 50-mm cross-section is no longer reduced (see Figure 12 ); The switch rail does not bear the train load before the 20-mm cross-section and gradually bears the train load starting from the 20-mm cross-section and fully bears the train load at the 50-mm cross-section. Although the switch rail does not bear the train load before the 20-mm cross-section, there is wear between the wheel and the side of the switch rail. As the application time extends, when the wear of the small cross-sectional width of the switch rail reaches the maximum allowable value, it is taken out of service and replaced. (It should be noted that the cross-sectional width of the switch rail is the width at the gauge measurement line, and the gauge measurement line is at 16 mm downward from the full rail height)

[0113] In addition, due to the high operating density and frequent reversals of urban rail transit trains, the wear of the curved switch rail is aggravated. To extend the service life of the curved switch rail, under the condition that the q value (the length of the stock rail before the tip of the switch rail) and the radius R of the lead curve of the turnout are the same, the rail top width at the tip of the switch rail is widened from the conventional 0 mm (Figure 23) to 2 mm (Figure 24). A tangent is made from the 2-mm rail top width to the lead curve R, so that the actual starting point of the lead curve R moves forward by a certain length in the direction of the tip of the switch rail. Before and after the actual starting point of the lead curve, there are a straight section and a curve section of the curved switch rail respectively, that is, the length of the straight section of the curved switch rail is reduced (Ln < Lm) and the switch impact angle is reduced (βn < βm). The train wheel and the curve section of the curved switch rail are in a tangential passing relationship, and the switch impact angle β becomes 0, reducing the lateral wear of the switch rail.

[0114] After widening the rail top width at the tip of the switch rail from the conventional 0 mm to 2 mm, at the same position at the same distance from the tip of the switch rail, the cross-sectional width of the curved switch rail increases accordingly. The wider rail top width further extends the service life of the curved switch rail.

[0115] The following uses specific embodiments to verify the above improvements. Under the same conditions that the q value of the turnout (q value: the length of the stock rail before the tip of the switch rail) is 2616 and the radius R of the lead curve is 200 m, when the tip of the switch rail is conventional 0, the front section structure of the switch rail is shown in Figure 15 ; When the width of the tip of the switch rail increases to 2 mm, the front section structure of the switch rail is shown in Figure 16 . The comparison of the switch impact angles before and after the optimization of the tip structure of the switch rail is shown in Table 1, and the change in the cross-sectional width of the switch rail is shown in Table 2.

[0116] Table 1 Comparison Table of Switch Impact Angles before and after Optimization of Curved Switch Rails

[0117]

[0118] Table 2 Comparison Table of Rail Top Widths before and after Optimization of Curved Switch Rails

[0119]

[0120]

[0121] By comparing the cross-sectional widths before and after optimization, it can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 that after the tip structure increases from 0 to 2 mm, the impact angle of the curved switch rail becomes smaller, improving the train ride comfort; the cross-sectional width of the curved switch rail at the same position from the tip becomes larger. Especially for the small cross-sections before the 13.3 mm cross-section, the width growth rate reaches 11.8%. The relatively thick cross-sectional width is beneficial to extending the service life of the switch rail.

[0122] Through practice: A smaller switch impact angle and a larger cross-sectional width have extended the service life of the curved switch rail to a certain extent. The improvement effect was verified in the No. 12 single turnout with 60 kg / m rail in the third phase of the Shenzhen Metro project in 2019. Compared with the curved switch rail without widened tips, the service life of this type of curved switch rail has been extended by more than three years.

[0123] From the above description, it can be found that: In view of the problems existing in the existing products, the present invention develops a single-point traction turnout with an elastic bendable switch rail of 60 kg / m rail for urban rail transit. By optimizing the structure of the turnout components, it is preferably to use a single switch machine to realize the electro-mechanical traction and switching of the elastic bendable switch rail, reducing the purchase cost of electro-mechanical equipment and the civil engineering cost, extending the service life of the switch rail, and reducing the daily maintenance workload.

[0124] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner. For the same or similar parts between the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. The key points described in each embodiment are the differences from other embodiments.

[0125] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for modifying a No. 9 turnout with 60 kg / m rail, characterized in that, It includes the following improvements: reducing the actuating force and the insufficient displacement on the basis of the existing 9 - point turnout with 60 kg / m rail; In terms of reducing the actuating force, it includes the following measures: S001. Change the rail profile of the switch rail, from the existing 60AT1 rail to 60AT2 rail; cut or mill the web of the elastic bendable section of the switch rail; S002. Conduct anti - friction treatment on the surface of the slide plate; set roller devices at intervals on the slide plate to change sliding friction into rolling friction; In terms of reducing the insufficient displacement, it includes the following measures: S001. Increase the stroke of the traction point; S002. Set one or two adjustable connecting rods in the movable section of the switch rail to enhance the overall frame effect of the curved switch rail and the straight switch rail; S003. Reduce the length of the movable section of the switch rail; The adjustable connecting rod includes connecting rod A(1), connecting rod B(2), double - threaded sleeve(3), left - hand nut(4), right - hand nut(5), pin shaft(6), and split pin(7); the double - threaded sleeve(3) has axially symmetric and equal thread section adjustment amounts L1 for connecting rod A(1) and connecting rod B(2) respectively, and an extended section L2 is provided on the smooth inner cylindrical wall in the middle of the tube body of the double - threaded sleeve(3); the total length of the adjustable connecting rod is adjusted by adjusting the assembly length L1 of connecting rod A(1), connecting rod B(2) and the double - threaded sleeve(3); and connecting rod A(1) and connecting rod B(2) respectively have a smooth shaft adjustment section L5 and a threaded adjustment section L4.

2. The transformation method of the 9 - turnout of 60 kg / m rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of roller slide plates are set at intervals of 3 - 6 sleeper spans in the movable section of the switch rail for the roller device.

3. The transformation method of the 9 - turnout of 60 kg / m rail according to claim 2, characterized in that: The roller does not work when the switch rail is in the working state. When the switch rail is actuated away from the stock rail, the roller starts to contact the bottom of the switch rail and gradually raises the switch rail.

4. The transformation method of the 9 - number turnout with 60 kg / m rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti - friction treatment on the surface of the slide plate means setting an anti - friction coating on the surface of the table plate, so that the friction coefficient is reduced to 0.1 - 0.

17.

5. The transformation method of the No. 9 turnout with 60 kg / m rail according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anti - friction coating means plating hard chromium, laser - cladding alloy material or setting polytetrafluoroethylene self - lubricating material on the surface of the table plate.

6. The transformation method of the No. 9 turnout of the 60 kg / m rail according to claim 1, characterized in that, Cutting or milling the web of the elastic bendable section of the switch rail means: the cutting length of the rail bottom is L, the cutting width of the short - limb side of the rail bottom is a, or the cutting width of the long - limb side of the rail bottom is b.

7. The transformation method of the 9 - turnout of 60 kg / m rail according to claim 6, characterized in that: L is 1000 mm - 4000 mm, a ≤ 20 mm, b ≤ 40 mm.

8. The transformation method of the 9# turnout of 60 kg / m rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shortest thread section adjustment amount L1 is 10P, where P is the pitch of the left - hand thread and the right - hand thread of the double - threaded sleeve(3); the major diameter d of the double - threaded sleeve(3) satisfies 26 mm ≤ d ≤ 40 mm; the thinnest wall thickness of the double - threaded sleeve(3) is ≥ 8 mm; the structural shapes of connecting rod A(1) and connecting rod B(2) are symmetric about the left and right and the adjustment amounts are equal; the relationship between the nut thickness of the left - hand nut(4) and the right - hand nut(5) and L4 satisfies 10P ≤ L4 ≤ 200 mm.

9. The transformation method of the No. 9 turnout of 60 kg / m rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thread engagement length of connecting rod A(1), connecting rod B(2) and the double - threaded sleeve(3) is 8P - 10P, where P is the pitch of the corresponding thread; and the assembly length L3 of connecting rod A(1) and connecting rod B(2) is always the same; and the maximum assembly length L3 is equal to the inner - thread length L1 of the double - threaded sleeve(3).

10. The transformation method of the No. 9 turnout of the 60 kg / m rail according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the mating lengths of the connecting rod A (1), the connecting rod B (2) and the double-threaded sleeve (3) are the designed shortest length 10P, the total length L of the adjustable connecting rod is the longest, and Lmax = 2L5 + 2L4 + 2L1 + L2 - 20P; and the nut thicknesses of the left-handed nut (4) and the right-handed nut (5) satisfy 10P ≤ L4 ≤ 200 mm; when L4 is the shortest length, the nut thickness is 10P, and L1 and L3 are the shortest length 10P, the total length L of the adjustable connecting rod is the shortest, that is, Lmin = 2L5 + 2L4 + L2; at this time, the maximum adjustment amount of the connecting rod = Lmax - Lmin = 2L5 + 2L1 + L2 - 20P - 2L5 - L2 = 2L1 - 20P.

11. The transformation method of the 9 - number turnout with 60 kg / m rail according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reduction of the movable section length of the switch rail means that the heel end of the switch rail is fixed by 3 pads conventionally and is improved to be fixed by 4 to 6 pads.

12. The transformation method of the 9 - number turnout of 60 kg / m rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curved switch rail increases the cross-sectional width and reduces the switch impact angle through structural improvement.

13. A 9 - turnout of 60 kg / m rail, characterized in that: The turnout is modified according to the modification method described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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