A method for replacing ultra-low clearance anchored bearings for bridges

Abstract

This application relates to a method for replacing bridge ultra-low clearance anchored bearings, belonging to the field of bridge bearings. The method includes first optimizing the structure of the new bearing and the new anchoring components, erecting a floating platform, and simultaneously jacking the bridge. By controlling both the jacking force and the jacking amount, the bearings are jacked in stages until they are completely unsupported. Then, the old bearings are removed and temporary supports are set up. After the old bearings are removed, the positions of the bolt holes of the new bearings are measured, and then the holes are drilled. The new bearings and new anchoring components are installed, the bolts on the new bearings are tightened, and finally, a dust cover is installed. This application can use a planar right-angle core drilling machine to drill holes in the bridge on the water surface under ultra-low clearance conditions via a floating platform, which improves drilling efficiency and the efficiency of replacing old and new bearings. It avoids the problem that conventional core drilling machines, even if modified to reduce their height, are not suitable for use under such ultra-low clearance conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of bridge bearing technology, and in particular to a method for replacing ultra-low clearance anchored bridge bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge bearings are crucial connecting components between the superstructure and substructure of a bridge, reliably transferring the reaction forces and deformations of the superstructure to the substructure. They play a vital role in bridge engineering. However, after a period of operation, factors such as component aging, overloading, and scouring have led to an increasing number of hidden dangers and defects, resulting in a significant reduction in the bridge's load-bearing capacity and durability. As an important force-transmitting structure, bridge bearings have also gradually developed serious defects such as wear of the sliding plates, conflicting anchor bolt positions, excessive displacement, corrosion of steel components, and localized damage, necessitating replacement to restore the original function of the structure.

[0003] Early anchoring techniques for bearings (such as spherical steel bearings and pot bearings) generally fall into two categories:

[0004] One method for cast-in-place beams is to first connect the upper anchor bolts to the support plate as a whole, then weld them to the reinforcing mesh after precise alignment, and finally pour concrete.

[0005] Another method, for precast beams, involves pre-embedding the upper anchor bolts in the beam body, and then inserting the bolts into the bolt holes of the support for anchoring when the crane lifts the beam.

[0006] Clearly, regardless of the anchoring process used, the spherical bearings, pot bearings, and other types of bearings employed at the time mostly employed a structure that permanently anchored the bolts into the concrete structure (i.e., embedded anchor bearings). Replacing these bearings without disrupting traffic presents several challenges: Firstly, due to height limitations, the anchor bolts must be removed before the old bearing can be dismantled. The anchoring holes of the new bearing are affected by the original bearing's anchor bolts, making in-situ drilling impossible and requiring re-drilling at a different location. Secondly, the extremely low clearance between the bearing pad and the bottom of the beam (as seen in the Shenzhen Bay Bridge project, where the clearance is as low as 8.9cm) means that even modified core drilling machines, even with height reductions, are unsuitable for such low clearance conditions. Therefore, it is essential to explore and summarize a reliable, economical, high-quality, and safe systematic technology for replacing embedded anchor bearings in bridges with extremely low clearance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a method for replacing ultra-low clearance anchored bearings for bridges, in order to solve the problem that existing bridge bearings cannot be successfully replaced and installed in related technologies.

[0008] The first aspect of this application provides a method for replacing ultra-low clearance anchored bearings for bridges, including the following steps:

[0009] The first step is to fabricate the new support structure and the new anchoring components;

[0010] The second step is to build a platform on the water, which is then transported to the bridge piers and secured after completion.

[0011] The third step is to lift the bridge synchronously. By controlling both the lifting force and the lifting amount, the bridge is lifted in stages until all the supports are lifted off the ground. Then, the jacks are self-locked and pressure is maintained. Finally, the old supports are removed and temporary supports are installed.

[0012] Step 4: After removing the old support, measure the position of the bolt holes for the new support, and then drill the holes;

[0013] Step 5: Install new supports and anchoring components, install grouting pipes and open ventilation holes;

[0014] Step 6: After the new support is installed, unload and lower the beam. After lowering the beam, remeasure the distance between the pier and the bottom of the beam. If it is qualified, grout the bolt holes of the new support. After solidification, tighten the bolts on the new support and finally install the dust cover.

[0015] In some embodiments, the new support fabrication steps include:

[0016] The upper plate of the new support is enlarged to increase the allowable slippage, thereby moving the bolt holes of the new support outward.

[0017] In some embodiments, the fabrication steps of the new anchoring component include:

[0018] The new anchoring assembly is lengthened and segmented by connecting sleeves and bolts, and then inserted into the bolts of the new support in sections to complete the bolt anchoring of the new support.

[0019] In some embodiments, the floating platform is a pontoon-type floating platform structure, which is transported to the bridge pier by a transport ship and temporarily connected to the bridge pier by a manual hoist.

[0020] In some embodiments, the third step specifically includes:

[0021] The bridge jacking adopts a large-volume hydraulic pump station and a PLC hydraulic synchronous jacking system. Before jacking, the system is debugged and a trial jacking is conducted. After the trial jacking is completed, the formal jacking is carried out. Before the bridge is jacked, the old support nuts are removed. After jacking, the old support is dislodged and replaced with temporary supports in the original position.

[0022] In some embodiments, removing the old support includes:

[0023] The old bearing upper plate is detached by external force, the old bearing bolt is cut off, and the old bearing upper plate, old bearing spherical crown and old bearing lower steel plate are removed. All components of the old bearing are disassembled and placed on the water platform.

[0024] In some embodiments, the fourth step specifically includes:

[0025] Measure the location of the bolt holes for the new support, drill the holes using a plane right-angle core drill, remove the concrete core after drilling, and then clean the hole.

[0026] In some embodiments, drilling with a planar right-angle coring drill includes:

[0027] The planar right-angle coring drill uses a hydraulic pump to drive an external drive shaft to rotate. The machine body of the planar right-angle coring drill has a belt drive system inside, and the drill bit follows the drill bit to drill through the rotation of the internal drive shaft.

[0028] In some embodiments, the fifth step specifically includes:

[0029] After drilling is completed, the position of the new support is leveled, and then the anchor bolts and connecting sleeves of the bottom section of the new support are installed. The new support is dragged to the position of the old support with the help of a chain hoist. The center line of the lower steel plate of the new support is aligned and the support is temporarily restrained. The position of the upper plate of the support is adjusted. After the upper plate and the lower steel plate of the new support are aligned to meet the requirements, the grouting pipe is installed and the ventilation hole is opened.

[0030] In some embodiments, unloading the lower beam includes:

[0031] When unloading the beam, check the PLC system to ensure that it drops the beam synchronously, in increments of 1mm.

[0032] This application provides a method for replacing bridge ultra-low clearance anchored bearings. By optimizing the new bearing and new anchoring components, it is more suitable for replacing the old bearing. By setting up a platform on the water, it is convenient for workers to operate the planar right-angle core drilling machine, and the planar right-angle core drilling machine can easily drill holes in the low clearance of the bridge. It also allows the new and old components to be placed on the platform on the water for easy access.

[0033] By using jacks to lift the bridge synchronously, the old supports can be quickly removed, avoiding the inconvenience of removing the old supports, and providing drilling space for the planar right-angle core drilling rig.

[0034] The planar right-angle coring rig enables drilling of bridges on water via a floating platform under ultra-low clearance conditions, improving drilling efficiency and the efficiency of replacing old and new bearings. It also avoids the situation where conventional coring rigs, even if modified to reduce their height, are not suitable for such ultra-low clearance conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the construction steps provided in this application embodiment;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optimized structure provided for the new support in this application;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the optimized planar structure provided for the new support in this application;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the synchronous jacking construction steps provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figure 5 A structural diagram illustrating the dismantling steps of the old support provided in this application;

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the drilling construction steps for the planar right-angle coring drill in this application;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the completed installation structure of the new support provided in this application.

[0043] 1. New support; 10. New support upper plate; 11. New support lower steel plate; 12. New support bolt holes; 2. Floating platform; 3. Old support; 30. Old support nut; 31. Old support upper plate; 32. Old support spherical cap; 33. Old support bolt; 4. Planar right-angle core drilling rig; 41. Hydraulic oil pump; 42. External drive shaft; 43. Belt drive system; 44. Internal drive shaft; 45. Drill bit; 5. New anchoring assembly; 50. Connecting sleeve; 51. Bolt; 52. Anchor bolt; 6. Jack; 7. Temporary support. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] This application provides a method for replacing anchored bearings for bridges with ultra-low clearance, which solves the problems that existing bearing replacement methods are inconvenient to dismantle and are not suitable for ultra-low clearance.

[0046] See Figure 1-7 As shown in the figure, this application provides a method for replacing ultra-low clearance anchored bearings for bridges, including the following steps:

[0047] The first step is to support the new support structure 1 and the new anchoring component 5.

[0048] The optimized new support 1 and anchoring component 5 make the replacement between structures more convenient and precise, avoiding the inability to meet the installation position of the old structure.

[0049] The second step is to construct the second water platform. After the platform is completed, it will be transported to the bridge pier and fixed in place.

[0050] The water platform 2 allows staff to operate the planar right-angle coring drill 4 and place the dismantled structure and the structure to be replaced on the water surface, improving replacement efficiency and the convenience of the operating space.

[0051] The third step is to lift the bridge synchronously. By controlling the lifting force and the lifting amount, the bridge is lifted in stages until all the supports are lifted off the ground. Then, the jacks 6 self-lock and maintain pressure. Finally, the old supports 3 are removed and temporary supports 7 are set up.

[0052] By jacking up the bridge, the old support 3 can be detached, and sufficient space can be freed up to allow for the quick and easy removal of the old support 3.

[0053] Step 4: After removing the old support 3, measure the position of the bolt hole 12 of the new support, and then drill the hole;

[0054] After the old support 3 is removed, the holes for the new support bolt holes 12 of the new support 1 need to be opened so that the new support 1 can be installed.

[0055] Step 5: Install the new support 1 and the new anchoring component 5, install the grouting pipe and open the ventilation holes;

[0056] Step 6: After the new support 1 is installed, unload and lower the beam. After lowering the beam, remeasure the distance between the pier and the bottom of the beam. If it is qualified, grout the bolt holes 12 of the new support. After solidification, tighten the bolts on the new support 1 and finally install the dust cover.

[0057] In this embodiment, the floating platform 2 is a pontoon-type floating platform structure. It is transported to the bridge pier by a transport ship and temporarily connected to the bridge pier with the help of a manual hoist. The pontoon-type floating platform structure is easier to build and can be assembled quickly. The pontoon type has high buoyancy and is also easy to transport by transport ship.

[0058] The floating platform 2 used in this embodiment is a floating pontoon-type operating platform for bridge pier maintenance in water areas, as disclosed in Chinese Utility Model Patent Publication No. CN115679846A. It can use its own buoyancy to float near the bridge pier. It has a simple structure and clear force distribution. One end of the manual hoist in the temporary fixing component is connected to the floating platform component, and the other end is connected to the hoop rope wrapped around the bridge pier. This can effectively connect the floating pontoon-type operating platform to the bridge pier, ensuring that the platform is not affected by water flow and can move. Moreover, the length of the manual hoist can be arbitrarily controlled according to the water level at the site, effectively eliminating the influence of water level difference, i.e., tides, on the floating pontoon platform structure, and ensuring that the floating pontoon-type operating platform is close to the bridge pier.

[0059] Furthermore, the planar right-angle coring drill 4 is also set on the water platform 2. Workers can place disassembled and replaced parts on the water platform 2, and at the same time operate the planar right-angle coring drill 4 on the water platform 2, which improves work efficiency and enables the planar right-angle coring drill 4 to achieve ultra-low headroom drilling.

[0060] In some alternative embodiments, see Figure 1-3 As shown, the optimized support 1 includes the following steps:

[0061] Enlarge the upper plate 10 of the new support and increase the allowable sliding amount so that the position of the bolt hole 12 of the new support is moved outward.

[0062] In this embodiment, the optimized fabrication of the new anchoring component 5 involves the following steps:

[0063] The new anchoring component 5 is lengthened and a segmented structure is formed by connecting sleeve 50 and screw 51. The segments are inserted into the bolt holes 12 of the new support to complete the bolt anchoring of the new support 1.

[0064] In some alternative embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 4-5 As shown, the third step includes the following steps:

[0065] The bridge jacking adopts a large-volume hydraulic pump station and PLC hydraulic synchronous jacking system. Before jacking, the system is debugged and a trial jacking is carried out. After the trial jacking is completed, the formal jacking is carried out. Before the bridge jacking, the old support nut 30 is removed. After jacking, the old support 3 is detached and disassembled. Temporary support 7 is used to replace it in the original position.

[0066] In this embodiment, removing the old support 3 includes the following steps:

[0067] The old support upper plate 31 is detached by external force, the old support bolt 33 is cut off, and the old support upper plate 31, old support spherical crown 32 and old support lower steel plate are removed. All components of the old support 3 are disassembled and placed on the water platform 2.

[0068] In some alternative embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 5-7 As shown, the fourth step includes the following steps:

[0069] Measure the position of the bolt hole 12 of the new support. Drill the hole using a plane right-angle core drill 4. After drilling, remove the concrete core and then clean the hole.

[0070] In this embodiment, the drilling process of the planar right-angle coring drill 4 includes the following steps:

[0071] The planar right-angle coring drill 4 is driven by a hydraulic oil pump 41 to rotate an external drive shaft 42. The machine body of the planar right-angle coring drill 4 has a belt drive system 43 inside, which rotates through an internal drive shaft 44 to enable the drill bit 45 to follow and drill.

[0072] The planar right-angle coring drill 4 can be used directly in ultra-low clearance conditions, avoiding the inapplicability of existing drill heights and the inconvenience of drilling.

[0073] The planar right-angle coring drill rig 4 adopts a drilling device for anchoring holes of bridge bearings with low net height, as disclosed in Chinese Utility Model Patent Publication No. CN216553793U. Because the operator can extend the drilling bit on the construction frame from outside the beam bottom space to the target hole position, and drive the drilling bit through the power component to drill the target hole position, and because the length of the drilling bit is adjustable, after drilling to a local depth, the drilling depth of the target hole position can be further increased by adjusting the length of the drilling bit. This allows for the successful drilling of new bearing bolt holes 12 with a depth greater than the net height of the beam bottom space. After drilling is completed, the length of the drilling bit can be shortened to successfully withdraw the drilling bit from the new bearing bolt hole 12, thus allowing for construction or retrieval at the next location, thereby achieving the goal of drilling new bearing bolt holes 12 with a depth greater than the net height of the beam bottom space.

[0074] In some alternative embodiments, see Figure 1-2 and Figure 7 As shown, step five includes the following steps:

[0075] After drilling is completed, the position of the new support 1 is leveled, and then the anchor bolts 52 and connecting sleeves 50 of the bottom section of the new support 1 are installed. The new support 1 is dragged to the position of the old support 3 with the help of a chain hoist. The center line of the lower steel plate 11 of the new support is aligned and the support is temporarily constrained. The position of the upper plate 10 of the new support is adjusted. After the upper plate 10 and the lower steel plate 11 of the new support are aligned to meet the requirements, the grouting pipe is installed and the ventilation hole is opened.

[0076] In some alternative embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the unloading and lowering of the beam includes:

[0077] When unloading the beam, check the PLC system to ensure that it drops the beam synchronously, in increments of 1mm.

[0078] The working principle, mechanism, and process of this application are as follows:

[0079] First, the new support 1 and the new anchoring assembly 5 are optimized. Then, the floating platform 2 is transported to the bridge pier by a transport ship and temporarily connected to the pier. The platform is then lifted using a large-volume hydraulic pump station and a PLC synchronous lifting system. Lifting is performed in stages, with dual control of lifting force and lifting amount. Before lifting, the old support nut 30 is loosened. After lifting, the jack 6 self-locks and maintains pressure. After lifting, the old support 3 is dislodged, removed, and replaced with a temporary support 7. The removed old support 3 is placed on the floating platform 2. Then, the positions of the bolt holes 12 of the new support are determined, and holes are drilled using a right-angle core drill 4. After drilling, the installation position is leveled, and the anchoring of the bottom section of the new support 1 is installed. Bolt 52 and connecting sleeve 50 are used to drag the new support 1 to the position of the old support 3 with the help of a chain hoist. The center line of the lower steel plate 11 of the new support is marked, the temporary constraint of the support is contacted, and the position of the upper plate 10 of the new support is adjusted. After the upper plate 10 and the lower steel plate 11 of the new support are aligned to meet the requirements, the grouting pipe is installed and the ventilation hole is opened. After the new support 1 is turned into place, the PLC system is checked and the support is lowered in 1mm increments. After the beam is lowered, the distance between the pier and the bottom of the beam is re-measured. The installation height of the support is measured to meet the requirements. After the beam is lowered to pass the test, the bolt holes 12 of the new support are grouted. After the grout solidifies, the bolts on the new support 1 are tightened. Finally, the dust cover is installed.

[0080] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0081] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0082] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for replacing ultra-low clearance anchored bearings for bridges, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: First step: First, make a new support (1) and a new anchoring component (5); The second step is to build a water platform (2). After the platform is completed, it is transported to the bridge pier and fixed. The third step is to lift the bridge synchronously. By controlling the lifting force and the lifting amount, the bridge is lifted in stages until all the supports are empty. Then the jacks (6) self-lock and maintain pressure. Then the old supports (3) are removed and temporary supports (7) are set up. Step 4: After the old support (3) is removed, measure the position of the bolt holes (12) of the new support and then drill the holes; Step 5: Install the new support (1) and the new anchoring assembly (5), install the grouting pipe and open the ventilation hole; Step 6: After the new support (1) is installed, unload and lower the beam. After lowering the beam, remeasure the distance between the pier and the bottom of the beam. If it is qualified, grout the bolt holes (12) of the new support. After solidification, tighten the bolts on the new support (1) and finally install the dust cover. The steps for making the new support (1) include: Enlarge the upper plate (10) of the new support and increase the allowable slippage, so that the hole position of the bolt hole (12) of the new support is moved outward; The third step specifically includes: The bridge jacking adopts a large-volume hydraulic pump station and PLC hydraulic synchronous jacking system. Before jacking, the system is debugged and a trial jacking is carried out. After the trial jacking is completed, the formal jacking is carried out. Before the bridge jacking, the old support nut (30) is loosened. After jacking, the old support (3) is detached and disassembled. Temporary support (7) is used to replace it in the original position. The removal of the old support (3) includes: The old support upper plate (31) is detached by external force, the old support bolt (33) is cut off, and the old support upper plate (31), old support spherical crown (32) and old support lower steel plate are removed. The components of the old support (3) are disassembled and placed on the water platform (2).

2. The method for replacing ultra-low clearance anchored bearings for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for fabricating the new anchoring component (5) include: The new anchoring component (5) is lengthened and a segmented structure is formed by connecting sleeve (50) and screw (51). The segments are inserted into the bolt holes (12) of the new support to complete the bolt anchoring of the new support (1).

3. The method for replacing ultra-low clearance anchored bearings for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The floating platform (2) is a floating platform structure. It is transported to the bridge pier by a transport ship and temporarily connected to the bridge pier by a manual hoist.

4. The method for replacing ultra-low clearance anchored bearings for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fourth step specifically includes: Measure the position of the bolt hole (12) of the new support, drill the hole using a plane right angle core drill (4), remove the concrete core after drilling, and then clean the hole.

5. The method for replacing ultra-low clearance anchored bearings for bridges as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The drilling of the planar right-angle coring drill (4) includes: The planar right-angle coring drill (4) drives the external transmission shaft (42) to rotate through the hydraulic oil pump (41). The machine body of the planar right-angle coring drill (4) is equipped with a belt drive system (43). The drill bit (45) follows the drilling hole by rotating through the internal transmission shaft (44).

6. The method for replacing ultra-low clearance anchored bearings for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fifth step specifically includes: After drilling is completed, the position of the new support (1) is leveled, and then the anchor bolts (52) and connecting sleeves (50) of the bottom section of the new support (1) are installed. The new support (1) is dragged to the position of the old support (3) with the help of a chain hoist. The center line of the lower steel plate (11) of the new support is aligned and the support is temporarily constrained. The position of the upper plate (10) of the new support is adjusted. After the upper plate (10) and the lower steel plate (11) of the new support are aligned to meet the requirements, the grouting pipe is installed and the ventilation hole is opened.

7. The method for replacing ultra-low clearance anchored bearings for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Unloading and lowering the beam includes: When unloading the beam, check the PLC system to ensure that it drops the beam synchronously, in increments of 1mm.

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