A fishway device with energy dissipation, power generation and flood discharge functions and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fishway device with energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge functions and its usage method, which relates to the technical field of dams. Its specific structure includes: a dam surface, which is divided into an overflow dam surface and a non-overflow dam surface; a plurality of fishway units, which are arranged side by side on the overflow dam surface, and the fishway units are arranged from the top to the bottom of the overflow dam surface. The present invention also discloses the usage method of the fishway device. The present invention solves the technical problems of low utilization rate and single function of existing fishways.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dams, and particularly to a fishway device with energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge functions and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] As an ecological compensation measure to mitigate the impact of water conservancy projects on fish, fishways have increasingly attracted the attention of all sectors of society and environmental protection administrative departments. For the currently constructed fishways, the attention is mainly focused on water flow to attract fish. The basic principle is to change the geometric structure of the fishway to generate water flow conditions preferred by fish and attract fish to pass through. There is also the use of the phototaxis characteristics of fish to attract fish to swim upstream, and the fish passing effect is improved through devices such as fish collecting lights.

[0003] However, through social and economic practical research, it has been found that such fishways cannot continue to play an economic role after the fish migration period, resulting in low utilization rate of the device and waste of resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fishway device with energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge functions and a method for using the same, which solves the technical problems of low utilization rate and single function of fishways in the prior art.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application discloses a fishway device with energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge functions, including:

[0006] A dam surface, which is divided into an overflow dam surface and a non-overflow dam surface;

[0007] A plurality of fishway units, arranged in parallel on the overflow dam surface, and the fishway units are arranged from the top to the bottom of the overflow dam surface;

[0008] The fishway unit includes:

[0009] A first track, opened on the overflow dam surface;

[0010] A second track, opened on the overflow dam surface, and the second track is located below the first track;

[0011] A third track, opened on the overflow dam surface, and the third track is located below the second track;

[0012] A variable track baffle assembly, slidably installed on the first track;

[0013] A resilient compression baffle assembly, slidably installed on the second track;

[0014] A power generation assembly, slidably installed on the third track;

[0015] The distance between the first track and the second track is L1, and the distance between the second track and the third track is L2, where L1 < L2.

[0016] This application is provided with multiple components, which expands the functional benefits of the fishway and improves the design of the devices in the fishway. As a result, on the basis of realizing the fish-passing function, the fishway also has the functions of energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge.

[0017] On the basis of the above technical solutions, the embodiments of this application can also be improved as follows:

[0018] Further, the first track includes:

[0019] A straight track section;

[0020] Two inclined track sections, which are connected and arranged on the straight track section, and the two inclined track sections are combined to form an "eight" shape with the opening facing upward. The included angle between the inclined track section and the straight track section is 30 degrees. The beneficial effect of this step is that through the combined track, it is convenient to switch functions.

[0021] Further, the two inclined track sections are respectively arranged at the 1 / 4 positions at the left and right ends of the straight track section. The beneficial effect of this step is that it is convenient for the corresponding components to move.

[0022] Further, the track-changing baffle assembly includes:

[0023] Two track-changing baffles, which are correspondingly arranged inside the inclined track section, and the outer side surface of the track-changing baffle is a right trapezoidal surface;

[0024] Multiple track-changing pulleys, which are installed at intervals at the bottom of the track-changing baffle. The beneficial effect of this step is that the power is provided by the track-changing pulleys to complete the movement of the entire device.

[0025] Further, the second track is a straight track, and the second track is parallel to the straight track section;

[0026] The rebound compression baffle assembly includes:

[0027] Two rebound compression baffles, which are slidably installed inside the second track, and the opposite sides of the two rebound compression baffles are right trapezoidal surfaces;

[0028] Two memory material compression plates, which are respectively installed on the opposite sides of the two rebound compression baffles;

[0029] Multiple rebound track pulleys, which are installed at intervals at the bottom of the rebound compression baffle. The beneficial effect of this step is that the rebound compression baffle is driven to move by the multiple rebound track pulleys, so as to realize multiple functions.

[0030] Further, the third track is a straight track;

[0031] The power generation assembly includes:

[0032] Two support blocks, slidably arranged within the third track;

[0033] Multiple power generation track rollers, installed at the bottom of the support blocks;

[0034] Multiple energy conversion and storage boxes, installed on the support blocks at intervals;

[0035] Multiple energy collection boxes, installed corresponding to the energy conversion and storage boxes one by one, and an opening is provided on one side of the energy collection box;

[0036] Multiple power generation devices, installed inside the energy collection boxes corresponding to each other through support columns. The beneficial effect of this step is to generate electricity by collecting water energy through the power generation devices.

[0037] Further, the power generation assembly further includes multiple box doors. The box doors are in groups of four, and each group of box doors is installed at the opening of one energy collection box;

[0038] The rotation angles of the two box doors located on the upper and lower sides of the opening are 0 - 120 degrees; the rotation angles of the two box doors located on the left and right sides of the opening are 0 - 100 degrees. The beneficial effect of this step is to realize the switching of different functions through the opening and closing of the box doors.

[0039] Further, the box door is an isosceles triangle.

[0040] This application also discloses a usage method of a fishway device with functions of energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge. The aforementioned fishway device is used for energy dissipation or power generation or flood discharge.

[0041] Based on the above technical solutions, the embodiments of this application can also be improved as follows:

[0042] Further, when the fishway device is in the energy dissipation state: the variable - track baffle assembly is located in the middle of the first track, the two resilient compression baffles of the resilient compression baffle assembly are respectively located on both sides of the second track, and the two support blocks of the power generation assembly are respectively located on both sides of the third track;

[0043] When the fishway device is in the power generation state: the variable - track baffle assembly is located on the inclined - track section of the first track, the two resilient compression baffles of the resilient compression baffle assembly move closer to the middle of the second track from both ends of the second track, and the two support blocks of the power generation assembly are respectively located in the middle of the third track;

[0044] When the fishway device is in the flood discharge state: the two variable track baffle plates of the variable track baffle plate assembly are located on both sides of the straight track section of the first track, the two resilient compression baffle plates of the resilient compression baffle plate assembly are respectively located on both sides of the second track, and the two support blocks of the power generation assembly are respectively located on both sides of the third track.

[0045] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0046] Through the mutual movement of the variable track baffle plate assembly, the resilient compression baffle plate assembly and the power generation assembly, the present application realizes the switching of multiple functions, specifically functions such as energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge, so as to improve efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fishway device with energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge functions according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 For Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the fishway unit in

[0050] Figure 3 For Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the track part in

[0051] Figure 4 For Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the variable track baffle plate assembly in

[0052] Figure 5 For Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the resilient compression baffle plate assembly in

[0053] Figure 6 For Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the power generation assembly in

[0054] Figure 7 For Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the energy collection box in

[0055] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a fishway device with energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge functions according to a specific embodiment of the present invention in the energy dissipation state;

[0056] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of a fishway device with energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge functions in the power generation state according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of a fishway device with energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge functions in the flood discharge state according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Specific reference numerals are as follows:

[0059] 1 - Dam surface; 2 - Fishway unit;

[0060] 101 - Overflow dam surface; 102 - Non - overflow dam surface;

[0061] 201 - First track; 202 - Second track; 203 - Third track; 204 - Rail - changing baffle assembly; 205 - Rebound compression baffle assembly; 206 - Power generation assembly;

[0062] 207 - Straight track section; 208 - Inclined track section;

[0063] 2041 - Rail - changing baffle; 2042 - Rail - changing pulley;

[0064] 2051 - Rebound compression baffle; 2052 - Memory material compression plate; 2053 - Rebound track pulley;

[0065] 2061 - Support block; 2062 - Power generation track roller; 2063 - Energy conversion and storage box; 2064 - Energy collection box; 2065 - Opening; 2066 - Power generation device; 2067 - Support column; 2068 - Box door. Specific embodiments

[0066] Hereinafter, embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and thus are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0067] It should be noted that unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0068] In this application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "linkage", "fixation", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0069] To better understand the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification and specific embodiments.

[0070] Embodiment:

[0071] As Figure 1-7 shown, the embodiment of the present application discloses a fishway device with functions of energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge, which is used to achieve multiple functions. Its overall width is 6 m, and its length is 50 m (here, the length direction is along the water flow direction, and the width direction is perpendicular to the water flow direction);

[0072] Its specific structure includes:

[0073] Dam surface 1, which is divided into an overflow dam surface 101 and a non-overflow dam surface 102;

[0074] Multiple fishway units 2 are arranged in parallel on the overflow dam surface 101, and the fishway units 2 are arranged from the top to the bottom of the overflow dam surface 101; specifically, five fishway units are closely arranged on the overflow dam surface, and the width of each fishway unit is 6 m and the length is 10 m;

[0075] Among them, the specific structure of the fishway unit 2 includes:

[0076] The first track 201 is opened on the overflow dam surface 101, and this first track 201 is a combined track, which is composed of multiple sections of tracks;

[0077] The second track 202 is opened on the overflow dam surface 101, and the second track 202 is located below the first track 201;

[0078] The third track 203 is opened on the overflow dam surface 101, and the third track 203 is located below the second track 202;

[0079] The track-changing baffle assembly 204 is slidably installed on the first track 201, that is, this track-changing baffle assembly 204 can move freely on the first track 201;

[0080] The resilient compression baffle assembly 205 is slidably mounted on the second track 202. Similarly, according to functional requirements, the resilient compression baffle assembly 205 can slide stably along the second track 202;

[0081] The power generation assembly 206 is slidably mounted on the third track 203. Similarly, the power generation assembly 206 also slides stably on the third track 203 and, according to functional requirements, makes position switching;

[0082] The distance between the first track 201 and the second track 202 is L1, and the distance between the second track 202 and the third track 203 is L2, where L1 < L2. By adjusting the gap, subsequent function switching is facilitated.

[0083] section;

[0084] In one embodiment, the first track 201 includes:

[0085] A straight track section 207;

[0086] Two inclined track sections 208 are connected and arranged on the straight track section 207, and the two inclined track sections 208 are combined to form an "eight" shape with the opening facing upward. The included angle between the inclined track section 208 and the straight track section 207 is 30 degrees. The first track 201 in this application is a combined track. The length of the straight track section is 6 m, the width is 8 cm, and the depth is 6 cm, while the width of the inclined track section is 8 cm and the depth is 6 cm.

[0087] Wherein, the two inclined track sections 208 are respectively arranged at the 1 / 4 positions at the left and right ends of the straight track section 207, and at the same time, the included angle between the inclined track 207 and the straight track section 207 is 30°.

[0088] During operation, the first track 201 provides a changing track path. When the energy dissipation function of this application is realized, the track-changing baffle assembly 204 slides to the middle position on the straight track section 207; when the power generation function is realized, the track-changing baffle assembly 204 slides to the inclined track; when the fishway realizes the flood discharge function, the track-changing baffle assembly 204 slides to the positions on both sides of the straight track section; when the fishway starts to pass fish, the track-changing baffle assembly 204 slides to the positions on both sides of the straight track section.

[0089] Wherein, the track-changing baffle assembly 204 includes:

[0090] Two track-changing baffles 2041 are correspondingly arranged inside the inclined track section 208, and the outer side surface of the track-changing baffle 2041 is a right trapezoidal surface;

[0091] Multiple orbit-changing pulleys 2042 are installed at intervals at the bottom of the orbit-changing baffle 2041; the orbit-changing baffle assembly 204 in this application consists of multiple components. When assembling the orbit-changing pulley 2042, first, a groove is opened at the bottom of the orbit-changing baffle, and then the orbit-changing pulley 2042 is assembled.

[0092] Specifically, the length of the orbit-changing baffle 2041 is 1.5 m, the width is 14 cm, and the height is 1.2 m. A right-angled triangular prism is truncated at one corner of the orbit-changing baffle 2041 to form a right-angled trapezoidal surface. At the same time, the right-angled sides of the right-angled triangular prism are both 3 cm, and the material of the orbit-changing baffle 2041 is a composite material with high strength, high stiffness, and good stability.

[0093] On both sides of the bottom surface of the orbit-changing baffle 2041, a groove with a depth of 3 cm, a length of 3 cm, and a width of 3 cm is opened. The distance from the center of the groove to the two side edges of the short side of the bottom surface is 25 cm and is flush with the center of the short side of the bottom surface. This groove is used to fix the orbit-changing pulley 2042 so that it is tightly connected to the orbit-changing baffle 2041 and is not easily detached.

[0094] During actual operation, the orbit-changing baffle assembly 204 slides inside the first track 201; when the fishway realizes the energy dissipation function, the orbit-changing pulley 2042 drives the orbit-changing baffle assembly 204 to slide to the middle position on the straight track section; when the fishway realizes the power generation function, the orbit-changing pulley 2042 drives the orbit-changing baffle assembly 204 to slide onto the inclined track section 208; when the fishway realizes the flood discharge function, the orbit-changing pulley 2042 drives the orbit-changing baffle assembly 204 to slide to both sides of the straight track; when the fishway starts to pass fish, the orbit-changing pulley 2042 drives the orbit-changing baffle assembly to slide to both sides of the straight track section.

[0095] Among them, the second track 202 is a straight track, and the second track 202 is parallel to the straight track section 206; this second track 202 is a straight track with a length of 6 m, a width of 8 cm, and a depth of 6 cm, and the distance from the first track 201 is 3.5 cm;

[0096] The second track 202 provides a track path for the resilient compression baffle assembly 205; when the fishway realizes the energy dissipation function, the resilient compression baffle assembly 205 slides to both sides on the second track 202; when the fishway realizes the power generation function, the resilient compression baffle assembly 205 slides from both sides to the middle on the second track 202 according to the flow rate; when the fishway realizes the flood discharge function, the resilient compression baffle assembly 205 slides to both sides on the second track 202; when the fishway starts to pass fish, the resilient compression baffle assembly 205 slides to both sides on the second track 202;

[0097] The rebound compression baffle assembly 205 includes:

[0098] Two rebound compression baffles 2051, which are slidably installed inside the second track 202, and the opposite sides of the two rebound compression baffles 2051 are right trapezoidal surfaces;

[0099] Two memory material compression plates 2052, which are respectively installed on the opposite sides of the two rebound compression baffles 2051;

[0100] Multiple rebound track pulleys 2053, which are installed at intervals on the bottom of the rebound compression baffle 2051;

[0101] When assembling the rebound track pulley 2053, a groove is opened at the bottom of the rebound compression baffle 2051, and then the rebound track pulley 2053 is installed.

[0102] Specifically, the length of the rebound compression baffle 2051 is 1.2 m, the width is 14 cm, and the height is 1.2 m. A right triangular prism is truncated at one corner of the rebound compression baffle 2051, and the right-angled sides of the right triangular prism are both 3 cm. The material of the rebound compression baffle 2051 is a composite material with high strength, high stiffness and good stability.

[0103] Among them, the memory material compression plate 2052 is tightly connected to the non-truncated side of the rebound compression baffle 2051 without gaps; the length of the memory material compression plate 2052 is 0.3 m, the width is 14 cm, and the height is 1.2 m; the material of the memory material compression plate 2052 is a memory material with good resilience and compressibility.

[0104] When the variable track baffle 2041 realizes the track change between the straight track section 207 and the inclined track section on the first track 2041, the rebound compression baffle 2051 will be squeezed due to the change of direction of the variable track baffle 2041. Since the rebound compression baffle 2051 is a rigid plate, the memory material compression plate 2052 is required to help the rebound compression baffle 2051 bear the extrusion, and the memory material compression plate 2052 will help it return to the initial position after the rebound compression baffle 2051 is no longer squeezed.

[0105] A groove with a depth of 3 cm, a length of 3 cm and a width of 3 cm is opened on both sides of the bottom surface of the rebound compression baffle 2051. The distance from the center of the groove to the two sides of the short side of the bottom surface is 25 cm and is flush with the center of the short side of the bottom surface. The groove of the rebound compression baffle 2051 is used for the rebound track pulley 2053 to be tightly connected to the rebound compression baffle 2051 and is not easy to disengage.

[0106] The rebound track pulley 2053 drives the rebound compression baffle 2051 to move inside the second track 202. When the fishway realizes the energy dissipation function, the rebound compression baffle 2051 moves along the second track 202 to both sides thereof. When the fishway realizes the power generation function, the rebound compression baffle 2051 slides from both sides to the middle along the second track 202 according to the flow rate. When the fishway realizes the flood discharge function, the rebound compression baffle 2051 moves to both sides of the second track 202. When the fishway starts to pass fish, the rebound compression baffle 205 slides to the positions on both sides of the second track for searching.

[0107] Wherein, the third track 203 is a straight track;

[0108] The power generation assembly 206 includes:

[0109] Two support blocks 2061, which are slidably arranged inside the third track 203;

[0110] A plurality of power generation track rollers 2062, which are installed at the bottom of the support block 2061;

[0111] A plurality of energy conversion and storage boxes 2063, which are installed on the support block 2061 at intervals;

[0112] A plurality of energy collection boxes 2064, which are installed corresponding to the energy conversion and storage boxes 2063 one by one, and an opening 2065 is arranged on one side of the energy collection box 2064;

[0113] A plurality of power generation devices 2066, which are installed inside the energy collection box 2064 corresponding to each other through support columns 2067.

[0114] Other components integrated on each support block 2061 form a power generation unit; 4 cabinet doors are arranged on each energy collection box 2064;

[0115] Wherein, the length of the support block 2061 is 1.5 m, the height is 1.2 m, and the width is 50 cm; the length of the energy conversion and storage box 2063 is 40 cm, the height is 30 cm, and the width is 45 cm. The preferred scheme is that the energy conversion and storage boxes 2063 are arranged in three columns and three rows, the spacing between each row of the energy conversion and storage boxes 2063 is 10 cm, and the spacing between each column of the energy conversion and storage boxes 2063 is 10 cm. The energy conversion and storage box 2063 can convert the potential energy and kinetic energy of the water collected by the power generation device into electric energy and store it, and the stored electric energy can be used as the starting energy of the whole fishway device.

[0116] The energy collection box 2064 has a length of 32 cm, a height of 26 cm, and a width of 15 cm. The energy collection box 2064 is used to house the power generation device 2066 and transfer the potential energy and kinetic energy of water collected by the power generation device 2066 to the energy conversion and storage box 2063.

[0117] The power generation assembly 206 in this application further includes multiple box doors 2068. Four box doors 2068 form a group, and each group of box doors 2068 is installed at the opening of an energy collection box 2064.

[0118] The rotation angles of the two box doors 2068 located on the upper and lower sides of the opening are 0 - 120 degrees; the rotation angles of the two box doors 2068 located on the left and right sides of the opening are 0 - 100 degrees. The box doors 2068 are connected by a rotating shaft.

[0119] Among them, the shape of the box door 2068 in this application is an isosceles triangle, which can rotate around the rotating shaft. The opening degree of the upper and lower box doors 2068 is 120°, and the opening degree of the left and right box doors 2068 is 100°. The box doors 2068 can fit tightly together without gaps. When the power generation assembly 206 realizes the functions of energy dissipation and flood discharge, the box doors 2068 are tightly closed under the drive of the rotating shaft to protect the power generation device inside the energy collection box 2064; when the power generation assembly 206 realizes the power generation function, the two upper and lower box doors 2068 rotate outward 120° under the drive of the rotating shaft, and the two left and right box doors 2068 rotate outward 100° under the drive of the rotating shaft. Since the shape of the box door is an isosceles triangle, when the box door opens outward, the energy collection box 2064 is in an inward contraction state, so that when the water flow impacts, it can narrow the cross-sectional width and increase the flow velocity, thereby increasing the kinetic energy collected by the energy collection box 2064.

[0120] The length of one of the rotating shafts is 32 cm, which is installed in the length direction of the energy collection box to connect two box doors with an opening degree of 120° and drive them to rotate.

[0121] The length of the other rotating shaft is 26 cm, which is installed in the height direction of the energy collection box 2064 to connect two box doors 2068 with an opening degree of 100° and drive them to rotate.

[0122] The power generation device 2066 is fixed in the middle of the energy collection box 2064 through a support column, and the power generation device 2066 is used to collect the potential energy and kinetic energy of water.

[0123] When the fishway realizes the energy dissipation function, the support blocks 2061 of the power generation assembly 206 slide to both sides of the third track 203 respectively; when the fishway realizes the power generation function, the support blocks 2061 of the power generation assembly 206 slide to the middle position on the third track 203; when the fishway realizes the flood discharge function, the support blocks 2061 of the power generation assembly 206 slide to both sides on the third track 203; when the fishway starts to pass fish, the support blocks 2061 of the power generation assembly 206 move to the middle position of the third track.

[0124] The electrical automation system in this application is arranged on the fishway wing walls on both sides. The electric energy required to drive the operation of this device is provided by the electrical automation system of the fishway wing walls. The specific device structure and arrangement of the electrical automation system in this device will not be described. The variable track pulleys, power generation track rollers and rebound track pulleys in this application are all rollers with built-in motors; the memory material in this application can refer to a ceramic sponge material with a recoverable nanofiber framework. When this material is subjected to a pressure impact, it undergoes both elastic deformation (energy storage deformation) that satisfies Hooke's law and irreversible plastic deformation (energy dissipation deformation). That is to say, the deformation of the memory foam is an organic combination of these two deformations. Plastic deformation will consume most (in a special formula, it can absorb more than 90%) of the impact energy, and the part of the energy stored in the elastic deformation part can make the memory foam material slowly return to the shape before being compressed after the external force is removed (the reason for the slow recovery is that the energy stored in the elastic deformation needs to pull the displaced part of the molecules back to their original positions). The power generation device in this application can be a water turbine type device for generating mechanical energy, that is, the potential energy and kinetic energy of water. The energy collection box can be a circuit box for storing the mechanical energy of the water turbine, and the energy conversion and storage box can be a motor for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0125] This application also discloses a usage method of a fishway device with functions of energy dissipation, power generation and flood discharge, that is, using the aforementioned fishway device for energy dissipation or power generation or flood discharge.

[0126] Specifically, when the fishway device is in the energy dissipation state: the variable track baffle assembly is located in the middle of the first track, the two rebound compression baffles of the rebound compression baffle assembly are respectively located on both sides of the second track, and the two support blocks of the power generation device are respectively located on both sides of the third track;

[0127] When the fishway device is in the power generation state: the variable track baffle assembly is located on the inclined track section of the first track, the two rebound compression baffles of the rebound compression baffle assembly move closer to the middle of the second track from both ends of the second track, and the two support blocks of the power generation device are respectively located in the middle of the third track;

[0128] When the fishway device is in the flood discharge state: the two variable-track baffle plates of the variable-track baffle plate assembly are located on both sides of the straight track section of the first track, the two resilient compression baffle plates of the resilient compression baffle plate assembly are respectively located on both sides of the second track, and the two support blocks of the power generation device are respectively located on both sides of the third track.

[0129] The following is a specific description:

[0130] 1. Energy dissipation

[0131] As Figure 8 shown, when the fishway realizes the energy dissipation function, the electrical automation system issues an instruction to the variable-track baffle plate assembly. Through the sliding of the variable-track pulley 2042, the variable-track baffle plate 2041 is driven to slide in the first track 201 to the middle position of the straight track section 207.

[0132] Next, the electrical automation system issues an instruction to the resilient compression baffle plate assembly 205. Through the sliding of the resilient track pulley 2053, the resilient compression baffle plate 2051 is driven to slide on the second track 202 to the positions on both sides. Due to the special structure of the variable-track baffle plate 2041 and the resilient compression baffle plate 2051, when the variable-track baffle plate 2041 and the resilient compression baffle plate 2051 are in the positions when the fishway realizes the energy dissipation function, they can be closely attached to form a water retaining wall, increasing the energy dissipation effect of the fishway device.

[0133] Next, the electrical automation system issues an instruction to the power generation assembly 206. Each energy collection box 2064 of the power generation assembly 206 closes the box door 2068 tightly. Through the sliding of the power generation track roller 2062, the power generation assembly 206 is driven to slide on the third track 203 to the middle position.

[0134] Preferably, through the arrangement of five rows of variable-track baffle plate assemblies, five rows of resilient compression baffle plate assemblies, and five rows of power generation assemblies, at this time, the fishway device begins to realize the energy dissipation function.

[0135] 2. Power generation

[0136] As Figure 9As shown, when the fishway realizes the power generation function, the electrical automation system issues an instruction to the track-changing baffle assembly 204. Through the sliding of the track-changing pulley 2042, the track-changing baffle assembly 204 is driven to slide on the first track 201 to the position of the inclined track section 208. When the track-changing baffle assembly 204 is at the position of the inclined track section 208, it has the effect of narrowing the width of the water flow section and increasing the water flow velocity, thereby increasing the kinetic energy collected by the energy collection box 2064. When the track-changing baffle assembly 204 slides from the straight track section 207 to the inclined track section 208 and changes the track, due to the turning angle of the rotation, the rebound compression baffle assembly 205 is squeezed by it. With the help of the compressibility of the memory material, the rebound compression baffle assembly 205 can be squeezed to both sides, thus giving space for the track-changing baffle 2041 to rotate and change the track. After the track-changing baffle assembly 204 changes the track and slides to the inclined track section 208, due to the resilience of the memory material, the rebound compression baffle assembly 205 can return to the initial position and state.

[0137] Next, the electrical automation system issues an instruction to the rebound compression baffle assembly 205. Through the sliding of the rebound track pulley 2053, the rebound compression baffle 2051 is driven to slide on the second track 202 to the positions on both sides. The electrical automation system controls the rebound compression baffle 2051 to slide from both sides to the middle on the second track to a certain position according to the water flow rate of the river channel. When the water flow rate of the river channel is small, by sliding the rebound compression baffle assembly to the middle by a certain position, the water surface width is narrowed, the water flow velocity is increased, and the power generation efficiency of the power generation assembly is improved.

[0138] Next, the electrical automation system issues an instruction to the power generation assembly 206. The doors of each energy collection box 2064 of the power generation assembly 206 rotate outward under the drive of the rotating shaft. The upper and lower two doors 2068 rotate outward by 120° under the drive of the rotating shaft, and the left and right two doors 2068 rotate outward by 100° under the drive of another rotating shaft. The shape of the door is an isosceles triangle. Therefore, when the door opens outward, the energy collection box is in an inward contraction state, which can have the effect of narrowing the cross-section width and increasing the flow velocity when impacted by the water flow, thereby increasing the kinetic energy collected by the energy collection box. At the same time, the electrical automation system controls the sliding of the power generation track roller 2062 to drive the power generation assembly to slide to the middle position on the third track 203.

[0139] Preferably, through the arrangement of five rows of track-changing baffle assemblies, five rows of rebound compression baffle assemblies, and five rows of power generation assemblies, at this time, the fishway device begins to realize the energy dissipation function.

[0140] 3. Flood discharge

[0141] As Figure 10As shown in the figure, when the fishway realizes the flood discharge function, the electrical automation system issues an instruction to the rail-changing baffle assembly 204. Through the sliding of the rail-changing pulley 2042, the rail-changing baffle 2041 is driven to slide on the first rail 201 to the position of the inclined rail section 208. If the rail-changing baffle 2041 is already in the inclined rail position, the electrical automation system will no longer issue an instruction to the rail-changing baffle assembly 204.

[0142] Next, the electrical automation system issues an instruction to the resilient compression baffle assembly 205. Through the sliding of the resilient rail pulley 2053, the resilient compression baffle 2051 is driven to slide on the second rail 202 to both sides. If the resilient compression baffle 2051 is already in the position of sliding to both sides on the second rail 202, the electrical automation system will no longer issue an instruction to the resilient compression baffle assembly 205.

[0143] Next, the electrical automation system issues an instruction to the power generation assembly 206. The door 2068 of each energy collection box 2064 of the power generation assembly 206 rotates inward under the drive of the rotating shaft. The upper and lower two doors 2068 rotate inward by 120° under the drive of the rotating shaft, and the left and right two doors rotate inward by 100° under the drive of another rotating shaft. The four doors are closely closed to protect the power generation device from the impact of water flow. At the same time, the electrical automation system controls the sliding of the power generation rail rollers, driving the power generation assembly 206 to slide on the third rail 203 to both sides. If the power generation assembly 206 is already in the non-power generation working state at this time, the electrical automation system will no longer issue an instruction to the power generation assembly 206.

[0144] Preferably, through the arrangement of five rows of rail-changing baffle assemblies, five rows of resilient compression baffle assemblies, and five rows of power generation assemblies, at this time, the fishway device begins to realize the flood discharge function.

[0145] 4. Fish passage

[0146] When the fishway realizes the fish passage function, the electrical automation system issues an instruction to the rail-changing baffle assembly 204. Through the sliding of the rail-changing pulley 2042, the rail-changing baffle assembly 204 is driven to slide on the first rail to both sides of the straight rail.

[0147] Next, the electrical automation system issues an instruction to the resilient compression baffle assembly 205. Through the sliding of the resilient rail pulley 2053, the resilient compression baffle assembly 205 is driven to slide on the second rail 202 to both sides.

[0148] Next, the electrical automation system issues an instruction to the power generation component 206. The door of each energy collection box 2064 of the power generation component 206 rotates inward driven by the rotating shaft. The upper and lower two doors 2068 rotate inward by 120° driven by the rotating shaft, and the left and right two doors 2068 rotate inward by 100° driven by another rotating shaft. The four doors are closely closed to protect the power generation device 2066 from the impact of water flow. At the same time, the electrical automation system controls the sliding of the power generation track roller 2062, driving the power generation component 206 to slide to both sides on the third track 203. If the power generation component 206 is already in a non-power generation working state at this time, the electrical automation system no longer issues an instruction to the power generation component 206.

[0149] Preferably, through the arrangement of five rows of track-changing baffle components, five rows of resilient compression baffle components, and five rows of power generation components, at this time, the fishway device begins to realize the fish-passing function.

[0150] In the description of the present invention, a large number of specific details are illustrated. However, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and technologies are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0151] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0152] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and the specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fishway device with energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge functions, characterized in that, Comprising: A dam surface, which is divided into an overflow dam surface and a non-overflow dam surface; A plurality of fishway units, arranged in parallel on the overflow dam surface, and the fishway units are arranged from the top to the bottom of the overflow dam surface; The fishway unit includes: A first track, opened on the overflow dam surface; A second track, opened on the overflow dam surface, and the second track is located below the first track; A third track, opened on the overflow dam surface, and the third track is located below the second track; A variable-track baffle assembly, slidably installed on the first track; A rebound compression baffle assembly, slidably installed on the second track; A power generation assembly, slidably installed on the third track; The distance between the first track and the second track is L1, and the distance between the second track and the third track is L2, where L1 < L2; The first track includes: A straight track section; Two inclined track sections, connected to the straight track section, and the two inclined track sections are combined to form an "eight" shape with the opening facing upwards. The included angle between the inclined track section and the straight track section is 30 degrees.

2. The fishway device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two inclined track sections are respectively arranged at the 1 / 4 positions at the left and right ends of the straight track section.

3. The fishway device according to claim 2, characterized in that The variable-track baffle assembly includes: Two variable-track baffles, respectively arranged inside the inclined track sections, and the outer side surface of the variable-track baffle is a right trapezoidal surface; A plurality of variable-track pulleys, installed at intervals at the bottom of the variable-track baffle.

4. The fishway device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second track is a straight track, and the second track is parallel to the straight track section; The rebound compression baffle assembly includes: Two rebound compression baffles, slidably installed inside the second track, and the opposite sides of the two rebound compression baffles are right trapezoidal surfaces; Two memory material compression plates, respectively installed on the opposite sides of the two rebound compression baffles; A plurality of rebound track pulleys, installed at intervals at the bottom of the rebound compression baffle.

5. The fishway device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third track is a straight track; The power generation assembly includes: Two support blocks, slidably arranged inside the third track; A plurality of power generation track rollers, installed at the bottom of the support block; A plurality of energy conversion and storage boxes, installed at intervals on the support block; A plurality of energy collection boxes, respectively installed corresponding to the energy conversion and storage boxes, and one side of the energy collection box is provided with an opening; A plurality of power generation devices, respectively installed inside the energy collection box through support columns.

6. The fishway device according to claim 5, characterized in that The power generation assembly further includes a plurality of box doors. The box doors are in groups of four, and each group of box doors is installed at the opening of an energy collection box; The rotation angles of the two box doors located on the upper and lower sides of the opening are 0 - 120 degrees; The rotation angles of the two box doors located on the left and right sides of the opening are 0 - 100 degrees.

7. The fishway device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The box door is an isosceles triangle.

8. A method for using a fishway device with energy dissipation, power generation, and flood discharge functions, characterized in that, Using the fishway device according to any one of claims 1 - 7 for energy dissipation, power generation or flood discharge.

9. The usage method according to claim 8, characterized in that When the fishway device is in the energy dissipation state: the variable track baffle assembly is located in the middle of the first track, the two resilient compression baffles of the resilient compression baffle assembly are respectively located on both sides of the second track, and the two support blocks of the power generation assembly are respectively located on both sides of the third track; When the fishway device is in the power generation state: the variable track baffle assembly is located on the inclined track section of the first track, the two resilient compression baffles of the resilient compression baffle assembly approach each other from the two ends of the second track to the middle of the second track, and the two support blocks of the power generation assembly are respectively located in the middle of the third track; When the fishway device is in the flood discharge state: the two variable track baffles of the variable track baffle assembly are located on both sides of the straight track section of the first track, the two resilient compression baffles of the resilient compression baffle assembly are respectively located on both sides of the second track, and the two support blocks of the power generation assembly are respectively located on both sides of the third track.

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