Square tunnel profiling device for model test based on the Reuleaux triangle principle

Abstract

The present invention discloses a square tunnel profiling excavation device for a model test based on the Reault triangle principle, which relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering model test, and includes a circular cutter disc, a central axis, a side hole axis, a Reault triangle rear cutter disc and a driving device, wherein the driving device includes a rectangular cutter head frame, wherein the circular cutter disc is arranged on the cutter head frame through the central axis, and four Reault triangle rear cutter discs are staggered and distributed behind the circular cutter disc in two rows, and are arranged on the cutter head frame through the side hole axis, wherein the two Reault triangle rear cutter discs in the front row are located at the upper right and lower left of the cross section, and the two Reault triangle rear cutter discs in the rear row are located at the upper left and lower right of the cross section, so as to ensure that their rotation will not be affected by each other during the excavation process. The present invention cleverly designs the Reault triangle rear cutter disc in combination with the Reault triangle principle, and simply and effectively solves the shaping problem of the square tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering model tests, and in particular relates to a square tunnel profiling excavation device for model tests based on the Reuleaux triangle principle. Background Art

[0002] Compared with the circular section, the effective use area of ​​the rectangular section is usually more than 20%, and the rectangle is the most economical in municipal tunnel projects. At present, the excavation of the square tunnel section used in tunnel excavation projects is achieved by multiple excavations through the rotation and cutting of one or more drill bits. The existing square, rectangular, shield and other tunnel boring machine cutting systems are mostly composed of several circular section cutter heads. Its disadvantage is that it cannot achieve 100% full section cutting, so there are always blind spots. Although a few eccentric multi-axis structured cutter head cutting systems can achieve 100% full section cutting in various cross-sectional shapes, their mixing performance is poor due to their relatively small eccentricity. There are also some similar devices with very complex structures and limited geological adaptability, which cannot fully meet the use requirements.

[0003] The physical simulation test is an experimental method based on similarity theory and similar materials, which uses a scaled model to study the stability problems of underground tunnels and factory buildings, such as deformation and destruction. After the model is loaded, the construction process such as excavation and support is simulated, and the deformation, strain, stress and other data inside the model are monitored in real time. The test results are used to guide the on-site construction. Together with indoor tests, numerical analysis and on-site monitoring, it constitutes the four research methods of geotechnical engineering. According to the similarity principle, the shape of the tunnel model in the similar physical model test of geotechnical engineering should be similar to the prototype tunnel, but the size is generally only 1 / 10 to 1 / 200 of the prototype tunnel. The better the similarity of the test model, the more similar the construction process such as tunnel excavation is to the prototype project, the more reliable the test results are, and the greater the reference value for engineering personnel. Developing a more accurate square tunnel profiling excavation device in the field of model testing can obtain more reliable test results, which is also of great guiding significance for directional tunnel excavation in actual engineering.

[0004] At present, predecessors have carried out a lot of research on square tunnel excavation and contour excavation, and developed a series of excavation devices. The research status is as follows:

[0005] The Chinese patent with application number 202010802459.9 discloses a square shield machine, including a shield body and a tunneling part, the tunneling part includes a cutter disc, a cutter rod and a square template; the cutter rod is movably connected to the square template; the motion trajectory formed by the coupling connection between the cutter disc and the cutter rod is a Léleaux triangle; the square template is used on the cutter rod so that the axis of the cutter rod coincides with the axis of the cutter disc, and the square template controls the motion axis of the cutter disc by limiting and regulating the trajectory of the motion axis of the cutter rod. The motion of the cutter rod is coupled with the motion on the cutter disc to form a Léleaux triangle. When the Léleaux triangle rotates, the center must be moving, otherwise, the cutter disc can only dig a circular cross-section tunnel, and finally the motion envelope of the cutter disc is square, so that the cross-section of the tunnel formed by the shield machine construction is square, avoiding secondary construction to level the bottom of the current circular cross-section. This invention solves the problem that the current shield machine cannot be constructed in one go, but its accuracy is not high, the structure is relatively complex, and its cross-sectional shape cannot be controlled to be a precise square.

[0006] The Chinese patent with application number 202111088815.6 discloses a rectangular shield for excavating a square tunnel and a method for excavating the same. The invention relates to the technical field related to shield machines, and discloses a rectangular shield for excavating a square tunnel and a method for excavating the same, including a rectangular shield shell, in which at least two groups of excavation bodies are arranged, and the excavation bodies are connected to a propulsion mechanism. The excavation bodies include an excavation shell, and a cutter disc is arranged at the front end of the excavation shell. A conveyor is arranged in the excavation shell, and a number of drilling mechanisms are arranged in the excavation shell. The drilling mechanisms include a power mechanism and a drill bit. The drilling mechanisms in the two groups of excavation bodies are arranged relative to each other. Through the setting of the drill bit, when layered excavation is carried out, the drill bit drills into the soil layer to achieve two-way excavation. A rectangular shield for excavating a square tunnel and a method for excavating the same are provided, but the equipment is complex, the cross-sectional contour is roughly molded during the excavation process, and the accuracy of the cross-sectional shape cannot be controlled.

[0007] The Chinese patent application number 201910791075.9 discloses a profiling system and method for model test of tunnel excavation of arbitrary shapes, which is composed of a profiling mechanism, a rotating forward mechanism, a support frame and a slag discharge device. The profiling mechanism includes a positioning cutter head, a front cutter disc, a rear cutter disc and a profiling frame for excavating tunnels. The positioning cutter head, the front cutter disc and the rear cutter disc rotate coaxially, wherein the positioning cutter head is used for positioning, the front cutter disc is used for excavating circular tunnels, and the rear cutter disc drives the cutter head to rotate along the profiling frame to expand and repair the circular tunnel into the shape of the profiling frame; only the profiling frame needs to be replaced according to the shape and size of the tunnel to realize the mechanized excavation of the full section of any tunnel shape. It solves the problem that only circular tunnels can be excavated in the existing geotechnical similarity model test, and provides detailed principles and technical support for the excavation of straight wall arch tunnels. However, for the profiling excavation of square tunnels, the device only provides a solution for changing the profiling frame, which cannot be scientifically and effectively implemented under the conditions of existing theories and technologies.

[0008] The Chinese patent application number 201710318010.3 discloses an eccentric turntable driven Lelo triangle cutter disc cutting device, which consists of a cutter disc and a drive device. The drive device is located at the rear of the cutter disc and is driven by multiple motors to realize the cutter disc revolution and rotation cutting, thereby realizing full-section cutting and all-round mixing of square tunnels. The device is only equipped with one Lelo triangle cutter disc, and it is relatively inconvenient to discharge soil and slag during section cutting, and it cannot ensure the stability of the excavation process. In contrast, although it can achieve 100% full-section cutting in various section shapes, its eccentricity is relatively small, so the cutting and mixing performance is poor. Setting up multiple cutter discs is more suitable for contour excavation in model experiments.

[0009] Chinese patent application number 201510461102.8 discloses an experimental device capable of excavating tunnels of various cross-sectional shapes. The device consists of a hand wheel, a screw, a cutter disc mechanism and a mobile chassis mechanism for fixing on a tunnel model. When square tunnels with different side lengths are required, this is achieved by replacing the Reuleaux triangular cutter discs of different widths. However, the device only has a single Reuleaux triangular cutter disc, which has the same drawbacks as Chinese patent application number 201710318010.3.

[0010] Comprehensive analysis of the square tunnel profiling excavation devices of the above units shows the following deficiencies:

[0011] 1. Existing devices There are few square tunnel profiling devices that can be used in the field of model testing, and such devices often have problems such as complex operation, low excavation efficiency and accuracy.

[0012] 2. Existing devices often only have one Lelo triangle main cutter disc, which makes it relatively inconvenient to discharge soil and slag during cross-section cutting, and cannot ensure the stability of the excavation process.

[0013] 3. The full-section cutting device often has a relatively small eccentricity, so the cutting and stirring performance is poor. Summary of the invention

[0014] In view of this, in order to solve the current situation of complicated shaping operation of square tunnels, the present invention provides a square tunnel profiling excavation device based on the model test of the Reuleaux triangle principle. The present invention cleverly combines the Reuleaux triangle principle to design a Reuleaux triangle rear cutterhead, which simply and effectively solves the shaping problem of square tunnels.

[0015] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a square tunnel profiling excavation device for model test based on the Reuleaux triangle principle, comprising a circular cutter disc, a central axis, a side hole axis, a Reuleaux triangle rear cutter disc and a driving device, wherein the driving device comprises a rectangular cutter head frame, the circular cutter disc is arranged on the cutter head frame through the central axis, four Reuleaux triangle rear cutter discs are staggered in two rows behind the circular cutter disc, and are arranged on the cutter head frame through the side hole axis, wherein the two Reuleaux triangle rear cutter discs in the front row are located at the upper right and lower left of the cross section, and the two Reuleaux triangle rear cutter discs in the rear row are located at the upper left and lower right of the cross section, to ensure that their rotation will not be affected by each other during the excavation process.

[0016] Furthermore, the excavation surfaces of the circular cutter disc and the Lelo triangle rear cutter disc are both provided with reamers. Five reamers are arranged on the circular cutter disc, one of which has a length equal to the diameter of the circular cutter disc, and four of which have a length equal to the radius of the circular cutter disc. Six reamers are arranged on each Lelo triangle rear cutter disc.

[0017] Furthermore, the diameter of the circular cutter disc is equal to the width of the cutter head frame. During the contour excavation process, the circular cutter disc undertakes the main rock and soil cutting and tunnel excavation tasks. The rotating outer contour lines of the four Reault triangle rear cutter discs are flush with the edge lines of the cutter head frame, which are used to shape the square tunnels at their respective corners.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a triangular reamer and a steel ball, wherein the triangular reamer is a nesting device between the side hole shaft and the cutter head frame, the cutter head frame is provided with circular long holes, each of the circular long holes is evenly distributed with a number of holes, the steel balls are embedded in the holes on the cutter head frame, the side hole shaft is nested in the cutter head frame, and the triangular reamer is arranged at both ends of the side hole shaft, and the triangular reamer is driven to rotate with the rotation of the side hole shaft, thereby realizing the rotation of the Lelo triangle rear cutter disc.

[0019] Furthermore, the driving device also includes a connecting plate, a universal joint mechanism, a rear shaft and a gear pair consisting of five mutually meshing spur gears, the connecting plate is arranged on the outside of the cutter head frame, the universal joint mechanism is arranged in the cutter head frame, the gear pair is arranged at the tail end of the cutter head frame, the four Lelo triangle rear cutter discs are connected with a triangular reamer, a side hole shaft, a triangular reamer, a universal joint mechanism, a rear shaft and a spur gear from left to right, a main nesting hole is arranged on the midline of the cutter head frame, the center axis of the circular cutter disc passes through the main nesting hole and is connected with a universal joint mechanism, a rear shaft and a spur gear in sequence, and the circular cutter disc drives the Lelo triangle rear cutter disc to rotate through the mutually meshing gear pair.

[0020] Furthermore, the universal joint mechanism includes two No. 1 universal joints with friction bearings, a No. 2 universal joint with friction bearings and a knife-shaped joint, the No. 2 universal joint with friction bearings is arranged between the No. 1 universal joint with friction bearings, and the No. 1 universal joint with friction bearings and the No. 2 universal joint with friction bearings are hingedly connected through the knife-shaped joint.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a first bearing and a second bearing, and the cutter head frame is correspondingly provided with a bearing mounting groove. The first bearing is nested on the central axis and is located at the connection between the central axis and the No. 1 universal joint with a friction bearing, and the second bearing is nested at both ends of the rear axis.

[0022] Furthermore, a washer is provided between the second bearing on the rear shaft and the spur gear.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes an exhaust pipe, which is located at the bottom of the tail end of the frame and can realize air supply, ventilation, dust removal and smoke exhaust during the contour excavation process.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. The present invention cleverly combines the Reuleaux triangle principle to design a Reuleaux triangle rear cutterhead, which can simply and effectively solve the shaping problem of square tunnels.

[0026] 2. The two rows of Reault triangle-shaped rear cutter discs of the present invention are staggered in space, and the shaping tasks at the four right angles of the square tunnel contour can be accurately and effectively achieved by designing a reasonable cutter disc spacing.

[0027] 3. The present invention arranges a circular main cutter disc at the front of the cutter head frame to ensure that the excavation work is carried out quickly and efficiently while realizing the cutting of the rock and soil in the middle part of the tunnel. The main cutter disc and four Lelo triangle rear cutter discs cooperate with each other to jointly realize the square tunnel profiling excavation task in the model test.

[0028] 4. In the process of contour excavation, the triangular reamer and the rear cutter disc are driven to rotate by rotating the side hole shaft. By setting circular cutter discs and Lelo triangle rear cutter discs of different sizes and adjusting the intervals and positions between them, excavation of square tunnels of different sizes can be achieved, which enhances the applicability of the device and can also improve the efficiency and accuracy of the model test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a front view of the cutter head of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a side view of the cutter head of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the Lelo triangle rear cutter disc of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a partial schematic diagram of the triangular reamer of the present invention.

[0035] Among them, 1-1. Cutter head frame; 1-2. Triangular reamer; 1-3. Side hole shaft; 1-4. Center shaft; 1-5. Circular cutter disc; 1-6. Connecting plate; 1-7. Exhaust duct; 1-8. Lelo triangle rear cutter disc; 1-9. Rear side shaft; 1-10. Spur gear; 1-11.6204 bearing; 1-12.6203 bearing; 1-13. Steel ball; 1-14. Cutter joint; 1-15. No. 1 universal joint with friction bearing; 1-16. No. 2 universal joint with friction bearing; 1-17. Reamer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "one side", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] As introduced in the background technology, in order to solve the problems of complex operation, low excavation efficiency and accuracy of square tunnel profiling excavation devices in the field of model experiments, this application proposes a square tunnel profiling excavation device for model experiments based on the Reuleaux triangle principle.

[0040] In a typical implementation of the present application, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: a square tunnel profiling device for model experiments, the main structure of which includes a cutter head frame 1-1, a triangular reamer 1-2, a side hole shaft 1-3, a central shaft 1-4, a circular cutter disc 1-5, a connecting plate 1-6, an exhaust pipe 1-7, four Lero triangle rear cutter discs 1-8, a rear side shaft 1-9, a spur gear 1-10, a 6204 bearing 1-11, a 6203 bearing 1-12, a steel ball 1-13, a knife joint 1-14, a No. 1 universal joint with a friction bearing 1-15, a No. 2 universal joint with a friction bearing 1-16 and a reamer 1-17. When the device is working, the circular cutter disc 1-5 and the four Lero triangle rear cutter discs 1-8 cooperate with each other to jointly complete the profiling work of the square tunnel in the model experiment.

[0041] The specific implementation method is:

[0042] A square tunnel profiling excavation device for model experiments, the main structure of which includes a cutter head frame 1-1, a triangular reamer 1-2, a side hole shaft 1-3, a center shaft 1-4, a circular cutter disc 1-5, a connecting plate 1-6, an exhaust pipe 1-7, four Leroy triangle rear cutter discs 1-8, a rear side shaft 1-9, a spur gear 1-10, a 6204 bearing 1-11, a 6203 bearing 1-12, a steel ball 1-13, a cutter joint 1-14, a No. 1 universal joint with a friction bearing 1-15, a No. 2 universal joint with a friction bearing 1-16 and a reamer 1-17.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, five reamers 1-17 are arranged on the circular cutter disc 1-5, wherein the length of one reamer 1-17 is the diameter of the cutter disc, and the lengths of four reamers 1-17 are the radius of the cutter disc. The diameter of the circular cutter disc 1-5 is equal to the width of the rectangular cutter head frame 1-1, and it is connected to the cutter head frame 1-1 through the central axis 1-4. During the contour excavation process, the circular cutter disc 1-5 undertakes the main tasks of rock and soil cutting and tunnel excavation.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the Lelo triangle rear cutter discs 1-8 can be divided into two rows according to their front and rear distribution. The two Lelo triangle rear cutter discs 1-8 in the front row are located at the upper right and lower left of the cross section, and the two Lelo triangle rear cutter discs 1-8 in the rear row are located at the upper left and lower right of the cross section. The four Lelo triangle rear cutter discs 1-8 are connected to the cutter head frame 1-1 through the side hole shaft 1-3. The four Lelo triangle rear cutter discs 1-8 are distributed in two rows, so that the front and rear rows of cutter discs are staggered by a certain distance, which can ensure that their rotation will not be affected by each other during the excavation process, and it is also more conducive to excavation, cutting rock and soil, slag discharge and other work. Figure 5As shown, six reamers 1-17 are arranged on each Lero triangle rear cutter disc 1-8, and the rotating outer contour lines of the four Lero triangle rear cutter discs 1-8 are flush with the edge line of the cutter head frame 1-1. After the circular cutter disc 1-5 excavates the basic circular tunnel contour in the front, the four Lero triangle rear cutter discs 1-8 are responsible for the shaping of the square tunnels at their respective corners. On the basis of the circular tunnel contour, the Lero triangle rear cutter disc 1-8 continuously rotates to cut the rock and soil body and discharge slag. According to the principle that the Lero triangle can form a square contour by rotation, it is possible to excavate a right angle shape at the four corners of the tunnel, which is superimposed on the circular tunnel effect excavated by the circular cutter disc 1-5, and finally realizes the precise profiling excavation of the square tunnel. During use, the profiling excavation of square tunnels of different sizes and aspect ratios can be realized by setting circular cutter discs 1-5 and Lero triangle rear cutter discs 1-8 of different sizes, and adjusting the interval and position between them.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, four Relo triangle rear cutter discs 1-8 are connected from left to right in sequence to the triangular reamer 1-2, the side hole shaft 1-3, the triangular reamer, the No. 1 universal joint 1-15 with friction bearing, the No. 2 universal joint 1-16 with friction bearing, the No. 1 universal joint 1-15 with friction bearing, the rear side shaft 1-9, and the spur gear 1-10. A 6204 bearing 1-11 is arranged in front of the spur gear 1-10 and behind the No. 1 universal joint 1-15 with friction bearing and is nested on the rear side shaft 1-9. A gasket is placed between the 6204 bearing 1-11 and the spur gear 1-10. A cutter joint 1-14 is connected between the No. 1 universal joint 1-15 with friction bearing and the No. 2 universal joint 1-16 with friction bearing. The excavation force is transmitted through this path. The circular cutter head 1-5 is connected to the central shaft 1-4, the No. 1 universal joint 1-15 with a friction bearing, the No. 2 universal joint 1-16 with a friction bearing, the No. 1 universal joint 1-15 with a friction bearing, the rear shaft 1-9, and the spur gear 1-10 from left to right in sequence. A 6204 bearing 1-11 is arranged in front of the spur gear 1-10 and behind the No. 1 universal joint 1-15 with a friction bearing and is nested on the rear shaft 1-9. A gasket is placed between the 6204 bearing 1-11 and the spur gear 1-10. A 6203 bearing 1-12 is arranged at the end of the circular cutter head 1-5 and in front of the No. 1 universal joint 1-15 with a friction bearing and is nested on the central shaft. A cutter joint 1-14 is connected between the No. 1 universal joint 1-15 with a friction bearing and the No. 2 universal joint 1-16 with a friction bearing. The excavation force is transmitted through this path.

[0046] like Figure 6As shown, the triangular reamer 1-2 is located inside the cutter head frame 1-1, and serves as a nesting device between the side hole shaft 1-3 and the cutter head frame 1-1. The cutter head frame 1-1 is provided with 4 circular long holes and 1 main nesting hole, and holes are arranged around the circular long holes. Each circular long hole is provided with 12 steel balls 1-13 embedded in the holes on the cutter head frame 1-1. The side hole shaft 1-3 is nested in the cutter head frame 1-1, and thus forms an integral structure with the cutter head frame 1-1. As the side hole shaft 1-3 rotates, the triangular reamer 1-2 is driven to rotate, thereby realizing the normal operation of the Lelo triangle rear cutter disc 1-8.

[0047] The exhaust pipe 1-7 is located at the bottom of the tail end of the entire device, which can effectively realize the tasks of air supply and ventilation as well as dust removal and smoke exhaust during the contour excavation process.

[0048] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A square tunnel profiling excavation device based on the model test of the Leroy triangle principle, characterized in that: It includes a circular cutter disc, a central axis, a side hole axis, a Reault triangle rear cutter disc and a driving device, wherein the driving device includes a rectangular cutter head frame, the circular cutter disc is arranged on the cutter head frame through the central axis, four Reault triangle rear cutter discs are staggered in two rows behind the circular cutter disc, and are arranged on the cutter head frame through the side hole axis, wherein the two Reault triangle rear cutter discs in the front row are located at the upper right and lower left of the cross section, and the two Reault triangle rear cutter discs in the rear row are located at the upper left and lower right of the cross section, so as to ensure that their rotation will not be affected by each other during the excavation process; It also includes a triangular reamer and a steel ball, wherein the triangular reamer is a nesting device between the side hole shaft and the cutter head frame, the cutter head frame is provided with circular long holes, each of the circular long holes is evenly provided with a plurality of holes, the steel ball is embedded in the holes on the cutter head frame, the side hole shaft is nested in the cutter head frame, the triangular reamer is arranged at both ends of the side hole shaft, and the triangular reamer is driven to rotate with the rotation of the side hole shaft, thereby realizing the rotation of the Lelo triangle rear cutter disc; The driving device also includes a connecting plate, a universal joint mechanism, a rear shaft and a gear pair composed of five mutually meshing spur gears. The connecting plate is arranged on the outside of the cutter head frame, the universal joint mechanism is arranged in the cutter head frame, and the gear pair is arranged at the tail end of the cutter head frame. The four Lelo triangle rear cutter discs are connected with a triangular reamer, a side hole shaft, a triangular reamer, a universal joint mechanism, a rear shaft and a spur gear from left to right in sequence. The center line of the cutter head frame is provided with a main nesting hole, and the central axis of the circular cutter disc passes through the main nesting hole and is connected with a universal joint mechanism, a rear shaft and a spur gear in sequence. The circular cutter disc drives the Lelo triangle rear cutter disc to rotate through the mutually meshing gear pairs.

2. A square tunnel profiling excavation device based on the model test of the Reuleaux triangle principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excavation surfaces of the circular cutter disc and the Lelo triangle rear cutter disc are both provided with reamers. Five reamers are arranged on the circular cutter disc, one of which is as long as the diameter of the circular cutter disc, and four of which are as long as the radius of the circular cutter disc. Six reamers are arranged on each Lelo triangle rear cutter disc.

3. A square tunnel profiling excavation device based on the model test of the Reuleaux triangle principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the circular cutter disc is equal to the width of the cutter head frame. During the contour excavation process, the circular cutter disc undertakes the main rock and soil cutting and tunnel excavation tasks. The rotating outer contour lines of the four Reault triangle rear cutter discs are flush with the edge lines of the cutter head frame, and are used to shape the square tunnels at their respective corners.

4. A square tunnel profiling excavation device based on the model test of the Reuleaux triangle principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The universal joint mechanism includes two No. 1 universal joints with friction bearings, a No. 2 universal joint with friction bearings and a knife-shaped joint. The No. 2 universal joint with friction bearings is arranged between the No. 1 universal joints with friction bearings. The No. 1 universal joint with friction bearings and the No. 2 universal joint with friction bearings are hingedly connected through the knife-shaped joint.

5. A square tunnel profiling excavation device based on the model test of the Reuleaux triangle principle according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a first bearing and a second bearing. The cutter head frame is correspondingly provided with a bearing mounting groove. The first bearing is nested on the central shaft and located at the connection between the central shaft and the No. 1 universal joint with a friction bearing. The second bearing is nested at both ends of the rear shaft.

6. A square tunnel profiling excavation device based on the model test of the Reuleaux triangle principle according to claim 5, characterized in that: A washer is arranged between the second bearing on the rear shaft and the spur gear.

7. A square tunnel profiling excavation device based on the model test of the Reuleaux triangle principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an exhaust pipe, which is located at the bottom of the tail end of the frame and can realize air supply, ventilation, dust removal and smoke exhaust during the contour excavation process.

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